Section 19. Ear, Nose, and Throat Disorders

Chapter 221. Disorders of the Nose and Sinuses

Topics: Introduction | Fractures of the Nose | Deviated Septum | Perforations of the Septum | Nosebleeds | Nasal Vestibulitis | Rhinitis | Nasal Polyps | Sinusitis

Introduction

The upper part of the nose consists mostly of bone; the lower part gains its support from cartilage. Inside the nose is a hollow cavity (nasal cavity), which is divided into two passages by a thin sheet of cartilage and bone called the nasal septum. The bones of the face contain the paranasal sinuses, which are hollow cavities that open into the nasal cavity (see Section 19, Chapter 217).

Because of its prominent position, the nose is especially vulnerable to injury, including fractures. Infections, nosebleeds, and polyps also can affect the nose. The mucous membrane of the nose may become inflamed (rhinitis). This inflammation may spread to the lining of the sinuses (rhinosinusitis).