The argument that Jesus never existed is so trivial it’s relegated to
Appendix D of the 1882 book
"Bible Myths and their Parallels in Other Religions" by T.W. Doane. Here it is:
APPENDIX D.by T.W. Doane (1882) |
We maintain that not so much as one single passage purporting
to be written, as history, within the first hundred years of the
Christian era, can be produced to show the existence at or before
that time of such a person as Jesus of Nazareth, called the Christ, or
of such a set of men as could be accounted his disciples or followers.A
Those who would be likely to refer to Jesus or his disciples, but who
have not done so, wrote about:B
A.D. 40 | Philo1 | |||
40 | Josephus | |||
79 | C. Plinius Second, the Elder2 | Philosophers | ||
69 | L. Ann. Seneca | ↓ | ||
79 | Diogenes Laertius | |||
79 | Pausanias | Geographers | ||
79 | Pompon Mela | ↓ | ||
79 | Q. Curtius Ruf | Historians | ||
79 | Luc. Flor | ↓ | ||
110 | Cornel Tacitus | |||
123 | Appianus | |||
140 | Justinus | |||
141 | Ælianus |
Out of this number it has been claimed that one (Josephus) spoke of Jesus, and another (Tacitus) of the Christians. Of the former it is almost needless to speak, as that has been given up by Christian divines many years ago. However, for the sake of those who still cling to it we shall state the following:
Dr. Lardner, who wrote about A. D. 1760, says:C
In the "Bible for Learners," we read as follows:
"Flavius Josephus, the well-known historian of the Jewish people, was born in A. D. 37, only two years after the death of Jesus; but though his work is of inestimable value as our chief authority for the circumstances of that times in which Jesus and his Apostles came forward, yet he does not seem to have ever mentioned Jesus himself. At any rate, the passage in his 'Jewish Antiquities' that refers to him is certainly spurious, and was inserted by a later and a Christian hand. The Talmud compresses the history of Jesus into a single sentence, and later Jewish writers concoct mere slanderous anecdotes. The ecclesiastical fathers mention a few sayings or events, the knowledge of which they drew from oral tradition or from writings that have since been lost. The Latin and Greek historians just mention his name. Thin meager harvest is all we reap from sources outside the Gospels."7
Canon Farrar, who finds himself compelled to admit that this passage in Josephus is an interpolation, consoles himself by saying:
"The single passage in which he (Josephus) alludes to Him (Christ) is interpolated, if not wholly spurious, and no one can doubt that his silence on the subject of Christianity was as deliberate as it was dishonest."8
The Rev. Dr. Giles, after commenting on this subject, concludes by saying:
"Eusebius is the first who quotes the passage, and our reliance on the judgment, or even the honesty, of this writer is not so great as to allow of our considering everything found in his works as undoubtedly genuine."9
Eusebius, then, is the first person who refers to these passages.10 Eusebius, "whose honesty is not so great as to allow of our considering everything found in his works as undoubtedly genuine." Eusebius, who says that it is lawful to lie and cheat for the cause of Christ.11 This Eusebius is the sheet-anchor of reliance for most we know of the first three centuries of the Christian history. What then must we think of the history of the first three centuries of the Christian era?
The celebrated passage in Tacitus which Christian divines—and even some liberal writers—attempt to support, is to be found in his Annals. In this work he is made to speak of Christians, who "had their denomination from Christus, who, in the reign of Tiberius, was put to death as a criminal by the procurator Pontius Pilate."
In answer to this we have the following:D
So much, then, for the celebrated passage in Tacitus.
FOOTNOTES:
1. The Rev. Dr. Giles says: "Great is our disappointment at finding nothing in the works of Philo about the Christians, their doctrines, or their sacred books. About the books indeed we need not expect any notice of these works, but about the Christians and their doctrines his silence is more remarkable, seeing that he was about sixty years old at the time of the crucifixion, and living mostly in Alexandria, so closely connected with Judea, and the Jews, could hardly have failed to know something of the wonderful events that had taken place in the city of Jerusalem." (Hebrew and Christian Records, vol. ii, p 61.)
The Rev. Dr. assumes that these "wonderful events"
really took place, but, if they did
not take place, of course Philo's silence on the
subject is accounted for.
[Return to text.]
2. Both these philosophers were living, and
must have experienced the immediate effects,
or received the earliest information of the existence
of Christ Jesus, had such a person as
the Gospels make him out to be ever existed.
Their ignorance or their willful silence on the
subject, is not less than improbable.
[Additional Note by David W. Deley]
This footnote comes from a footnote in the 1829 book
DIEGESIS: Being a Discovery of the Origin, Evidences, and Early History of Christianity
by Robert Taylor, pg. 412. The text is:
“Both those philosophers were living, and must have experienced the immediate effects, or
received the earliest information of the existence of Jesus Christ, had such a person
ever existed; their ignorance or their wilful silence on the subject, is not less than
outrageously improbable. Whatever might be their dispositions with respect to the
doctrines of Jesus; the miraculous darkness which is said to have accompanied his
crucifixion, was a species of evidence that must have forced itself upon their senses.
‘Each of these philosophers in a laborious work, has recorded all the great phenomena of
nature, earthquakes, meteors, comets, and eclipses, which his indefatigable curiosity
could collect; neither of them have mentioned, or even alluded, to the miraculous
darkness at the crucifixion’—Gibbon. Alas! the
Christian is constrained to own that omnipotence itself, is not-omnipotent.”
[Return to text.]
3. Antiquities, bk. xviii. ch. iii. 3. [Return to text.]
4. Ibid. bk. xx. ch. ix. 1. [Return to text.]
5. John, Bishop of Constantinople, who died
A.D. 407, was called St. Chrysostom, or Golden-mouthed, from the charms
of his eloquence—the author of the last prayer in our Liturgy.
[Additional Note by David W. Deley]
This footnote is also from the 1829 book
DIEGESIS: Being a Discovery of the Origin, Evidences, and Early History of Christianity
by Robert Taylor, pg. 388.[Return to text.]
6. Lardner: vol. vi. ch. iii. [Return to text.]
7. Bible for Learners. vol. III. p. 27. [Return to text.]
8. Life of Christ, vol. I. p. 63. [Return to text.]
9. Hebrew and christ. Rec. vol. II. p. 62. [Return to text.]
10. In his Eccl. Hist. lib. 2. ch. xii. [Return to text.]
11. Ch. 51. bk. xii of Eusebius Prae paratio Evengelica
is entitled, "How far it may be proper to use falsehood as a medium for the benefit of
those who require to be deceived;" and he closes his work with these words: "I have
repeated whatever may rebound to the glory, and suppressed all that could tend to the
disgrace of our religion."
[Return to text.]
12. The original MSS. containing the "Annals of Tacitus" were "discovered" in the fifteenth century. Their existence cannot be traced back further than that time. And as it was an age of imposture, some persons are disposed to believe that not only portions of the Annals, but the whole work, was forged at that time. Mr. J. W. Ross, in an elaborate work published in London some years ago, contended that the Annals were forged by Poggio Bracciolini, their professed discoverer. At the time of Bracciolini the temptation was great to palm off literary forgeries, especially of the chief writers of antiquity, on account of the Popes, in their efforts to revive learning, giving money rewards and indulgences to those who should procure MS. copies of any of the ancient Greek or Roman authors. Manuscripts turned up as if by magic, in every direction; from libraries of monasteries, obscure as well as famous; the most out-of-the-way places,—the bottom of exhausted wells, besmeared by snails, as the History of Velleius Paterculus, or from garrets, where they had been contending with cobwebs and dust, as the poems of Catullus.
[Additional Note by David W. Deley]
The
Catholic Encyclopedia article on
"Humanism," (1910) says,
"In another way the soul of literary research was Poggio (1380-1459),
a papal secretary and later Florentine chancellor. During the
sessions of the Council of Constance (1414-18) he ransacked the
monasteries and institutions of the neighbourhood, made valuable
discoveries, and 'saved many works' from the 'cells' (ergastula).
He found and transcribed Quintilian with his own hand, had the first
copies made of Lucretius, Silius
Italicus, and Ammianus Marcellinus, and, probably, he discovered the
first books of the 'Annals' of Tacitus."
[Return to text.]
13.
A portion of the passage—that relating to
the manner in which the Christians were put
to death—is found in the Historia Sacraof
Sulpicins Severus, a Christian Father, who
died A. D. 420; but it is evident that this
writer did not take it from the Annals. On the
contrary, the passage was taken—as Mr. Ross
shows—from the Historia Sacra, and bears
traces of having been so appropriated. (See
Tacitus & Bracciolini, the Annals forged in
XVth century, by J. W. Ross.)
[Return to text.]
14. "Christ is a name having no spiritual signification, and importing nothing more than an ordinary surname." (Dr. Giles: Hebrew and Christian Records, vol. ii. p. 64.)
"The name of Jesus, and Christ was both known and honored among the ancients." Eusebius: Eccl. Hist., lib. 1. ch. iv.)
The name Jesus is of Hebrew origin, and signifies Deliverer, and Savior. It is the same as that translated in the Old Testament Joshua. The word Christ, of Greek origin, is properly not a name but a title signifying The Anointed. The whole name is therefore, Jesus the Anointed or Jesus the Messiah." (Abbott and Conant; Dic. of Relig. Knowledge, art. "Jesus Christ")
In the oldest Gospel extant, that attributed to Matthew, we read that Jesus said unto his disciples, "Whom say ye that I am?" whereupon Simon Peter answers and says: "Thou art the Christ, the son of the living God. . . . Then charged he his disciples that they should tell no man that he was Jesus the Christ." (Matt. xvi. 15-20.)
This clearly shows that "the Christ" was
simply a title applied to the man Jesus, therefore,
if a title, it cannot be a name. All passages
in the New Testament which speak of
Christ as a name, betray their modern date.
[Return to text.]
15. "This name (Christian) occurs but three times in the New Testament, and is never used by Christians of themselves, only as spoken by or coming from those without the church. The general names by which the early Christians called themselves were 'brethren,' 'disciples,' 'believers,' and 'saints.' The presumption is that the name Christian was originated by the Heathen." (Abbott and Conant: Dic. of Relig. Knowledge, art. "Christian.")
"We are called Christians (not, we call ourselves Christians). So, then, we are the best of men (Christians), and it can never be just to hate what is (Chrēst) good and kind:" (or, "therefore to hate what is Christian is unjust."] (Justin Martyr: Apol. 1. c. iv.)
"Some of the ancient writers of the Church have not scrupled expressly to call the Athenian Socrates, and some others of the best of the heathen moralists, by the name of Christians." (Clark: Evidences of Revealed Relig., p. 284. Quoted in Ibid. p. 41.)
"Those who lived according to the Logos, (i.e., the Piatonists), were really Christians, (Clemens Alexandrinus, in Ibid.)
Undoubtedly we are called Christians, for this reason, and none other, than because we are anointed with the oil of God." (Theophilus of Antioch, in Ibid. p. 399.)
Christ is the Sovereign Reason of whom the whole human race participates. All those who have lived conformably to a right reason, have been Christians, notwithstanding that they have always been looked upon as Atheists." (Justin Martyr: Apol. 1. c. xivi.)
Lucian makes a person called Triephon
answer the question, whether the affairs of
the Christians were recorded in heaven. "All
nations are there recorded, since Chrēstus
exists even among the Gentiles."
[Return to text.]
16.
"Egypt, which you commended to me, my
dearest Servianus, I have found to be wholly
fickle and inconsistent, and continually wafted
about by every breath of fame. The worshipers
of Serapis (here) are called Christians, and
those who are devoted to the god Serapis (I
find), call themselves Bishops of Christ. (The
Emperor Adrian to Servianus, written A.D.
134. Quoted by Dr. Giles, vol. ii. P. 86.)
[Return to text.]
Note.—Tacitus says—according to the passage attributed to him—that "those who confessed
[to be Christians] were first seized, an then on their evidence a huge multitude (Ingens
Multitudo) were convicted, not so much on the charge of incendiarism as for their hatred to
mankind." Although M. Renan may say (Hibbert Lectures, p. 70) that the authenticity of this
passage "cannot be disputed," yet the absurdity of "a huge multitude" of Christians being
in Rome, in the days of Nero. A. D. 64—about thirty years after the time assigned for the crucifixion
of Jesus—has not escaped the eye of thoughtful scholars. Gibbon—who saw how ridiculous
the statement is—attempts to reconcile it with common sense by supposing that Tacitus
knew so little about the Christians that he confounded them with the Jews, and that the hatred
universally felt for the latter fell upon the former. In this way he believes Tacitus gets his
"huge multitude," as the Jews established themselves in Rome as early as 60 years B. C., where
they multiplied rapidly, living together in the Traslevere—the most abject portion of the city
where all kinds of rubbish was put to rot—where they became "old clothes" men, the porters and
hucksters, bartering tapers for broken glass, hated by the mass and pitied by the few. Other
scholars, among whom may be mentioned Schwegler (Nachap Zest., ii. 229); Köstlin (Johann-Lehrbegr., 472);
and Baur (First Three Centuries, i. 133): also being struck with the absurdity of
the statement made by some of the early Christian writers concerning the wholesale prosecution
of Christians, said to have happened at that time, suppose it must have taken place during
the persecution of Trajan, A. D. 101. It is strange we hear of no Jewish martyrdoms or Jewish
persecutions till we come to the times of the Jewish war, and then chiefly in Palestine! But
fables must be made realities, so we have the ridiculous story of a "huge multitude" of Christians
being put to death in Rome, in A. D. 64, evidently for the purpose of bringing Peter there,
making him the first Pope, and having him crucified head downwards. This absurd story is
made more evident when we find that it was not until about A. D. 50—only 14 years before the
alleged persecution—that the first Christians—a mere handful—entered the capitol of the
Empire. (See Renan's Hibbert Lectures, p. 55) They were a poor dirty set, without manners,
clad in filthy gaberdines, and smelling strong of garlic. From these, then, with others who came
from Syria, we get our "huge multitude" in the space of 14 years. The statement attributed
to Tacitus is, however, outdone by Orosius, who asserts that the persecution extended "through
all the provinces." (Orosius, ii. 11.) That it was a very easy matter for some Christian writer
to interpolate or alter a passage in the Annals of Tacitus may be seen from the fact that the ms.
was not known to the world before the 15th century, and from information which is to be
derived from reading Dailie On the Right Use of the Fathers, who shows that they were accustomed
to doing such business, and that these writings are, to a large extent, unreliable.
[Additional Notes by David W. Deley]
Much of the above comes from the 1829 book
DIEGESIS: Being a Discovery of the Origin, Evidences, and Early History of Christianity
by Robert Taylor.
A. DIEGESIS, pg. 392.[Return to text.]
B. DIEGESIS, pg. 412.[Return to text.]
C. DIEGESIS, pg. 388.[Return to text.]
D. DIEGESIS, pg. 395.[Return to text.]
Above from Appendix D. of the 1882 book
Bible Myths and their Parallels in Other Religions by T.W. Doane.
"The famous passage which we find in Josephus, about Jesus
Christ, was never mentioned nor alluded to in any way
whatever by any of the fathers of the first, second, or
third centuries; nor until the time of Eusebius, ‘when it
was first quoted by himself.’ The truth is, none of these
fathers could quote or allude to a passage which did not
exist in their times; but was to all points short of absolute
certainty, forged and interpolated by Eusebius."
—Mitchell Logan Christian Mythology Unveiled pg. 79 (1842)
NEXT: 2 John (90 A.D.) Even in Biblical Times People Asserted Christ Never Existed |
JESUS NEVER EXISTED INDEX | ||
1. | David Deley (2003) Evidence that Jesus never existed | |
2. | Edward Gibbon (1776) Irked by Silence of the Contemporaries | |
3. | Robert Taylor (1829) Demonstration That No Such Person As Jesus Christ Ever Existed | |
4. | Kersey Graves (1875) All History ignores Him | |
5. | T.W. Doane (1882) Jesus Not Historical (Appendix D) | |
6. | 2 John (90 A.D.) Even in Biblical Times People Asserted Christ Never Existed | |
7. | More Books, Web Sites, and Essays on the Non-Historical Jesus | |
THE STORY EXISTED PRIOR TO ALLEGED TIME OF JESUS | ||
1. | Comparative Religion | |
THE JESUS STORY PARALLELS SOLAR MYTHOLOGY | ||
1. | Solar Mythology and the Jesus Story | |
2. | Lessons on Solar Mythology and how it parallels the Jesus Story |