Testicular Torsion
Testicular torsion is the twisting of a testis on its spermatic cord so that the testis's blood supply is blocked.
 See the figure What Is Testicular Torsion?
Testicular torsion usually occurs in men between puberty and about age 25; however, it can occur at any age. Abnormal development of the spermatic cord or the membrane covering the testis makes testicular torsion possible in later life. With torsion, the testis usually dies within 6 to 12 hours after the blood supply is cut off unless it is treated.
Severe pain and swelling develop suddenly in the testis. The pain may seem to come from the abdomen, and nausea and vomiting may develop. A doctor may diagnose the condition based on the man's description of his symptoms and the physical examination findings. Alternatively, the doctor may use a scan, usually an ultrasound scan, for diagnosis. Because the testis may die rapidly, emergency surgery to untwist the spermatic cord is required. Urologists usually secure both testes during surgery to prevent future episodes of torsion.
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