Surgery
Surgery is one of the oldest forms of cancer treatment and often is the most effective. Surgery is usually the sole or primary means of treating tumors that have not spread beyond their original site of growth. However, surgery cannot be used for all early-stage cancers. Some tumors occur in inaccessible sites. In other instances, removing the tumor might require removing a necessary function or organ. In some instances, surgery must be combined with other treatments. In some cases, surgery is intended to remove part of the cancer in a process doctors call debulking. Debulking may reduce symptoms and improve the likelihood that radiation therapy or chemotherapy will be effective.
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