Section 5. Bone, Joint, and Muscle Disorders

Chapter 71. Hand Disorders

Topics: Introduction | Ganglia | Deformities | Carpal Tunnel Syndrome | Cubital Tunnel Syndrome | Radial Tunnel Syndrome | Kienböck's Disease | Shoulder-Hand Syndrome | Injuries | Infections

Injuries

Hand injuries cause swelling, pain, stiffness, and sometimes limited movement. The most common injuries are tears (ruptures) of ligaments or fractures of bone. When a ligament is ruptured, bones can move out of position, resulting in a dislocated joint.

See the figure Common Hand Injuries.

Sometimes doctors can diagnose a hand injury by examining the hand. A local anesthetic may be given before the examination, which otherwise might be too painful. However, x-rays may be needed to determine whether the joint is unstable and to detect fractures. Occasionally, computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is needed. Often, an untreated injury can result in a permanent deformity of the hand. Therefore, an injured hand should be immobilized so that it can heal normally. A bandage, splint, or cast may be used, depending on the injury. Surgery is sometimes necessary if bones are out of position or a joint is unstable. Hand exercises are begun as soon as possible to prevent loss of function.