About the Book

Pages: Committed to Providing Medical Information | Preface | Editorial Board | Editors | Editorial and Production Staff | Consultants | Contributors | Reviewers and Acknowledgments | Special Note to Readers | A Guide for Readers | Understanding Medical Terms

Contributors

David B. Acker, MD

Associate Professor of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, Harvard University; Chief of Obstetrics, Brigham and Women's Hospital

James K. Alexander, MD

Professor of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine

Timothy Aliff, MD

Clinical Assistant, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center

Roy D. Altman, MD

Professor of Medicine and Chief of Rheumatology and Immunology, University of Miami; Director of Clinical Research, Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Miami VA Medical Center

Karl E. Anderson, MD

Professor of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, Internal Medicine and Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston

Brian R. Apatoff, MD, PhD

Director of Multiple Sclerosis Clinical Care and Research Center, Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, New York-Presbyterian Hospital-Cornell Medical Center

Noel A. Armenakas, MD

Clinical Associate Professor, Weill Medical College of Cornell University; Attending Surgeon, Lenox Hill Hospital and New York-Presbyterian Hospital

Malcolm Arnold, MD

Professor of Medicine, University of Western Ontario; Head of Research Affairs, Division of Cardiology, London Health Sciences Center; Program Leader, Circulation Group, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada

John A. Astin, PhD

Scientist, California Pacific Medical Center

Ercem S. Atillasoy, MD, FAAD

Adjunct Clinical Faculty, Departments of Dermatology, Thomas Jefferson University and Yale University School of Medicine; Senior Director, Merck & Co., Inc.

Hervy E. Averette, MD

Professor of Clinical Oncology, University of Miami; American Cancer Society Professor and Sylvester Professor of Gynecologic Oncology

George L. Bakris, MD

Professor of Preventive Medicine and Internal Medicine, Rush Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center; Director of Hypertension/Clinical Research Center, Chicago

Gabriele M. Barthlen, MD

Technische Universitaet, Muenchen, Germany

John G. Bartlett, MD

Professor of Medicine and Chief, Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Nir Barzilai, MD

Director of Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine

Mark H. Beers, MD

Editor-in-Chief, The Merck Manuals and Executive Director of Geriatrics and Clinical Literature, Merck & Co., Inc.; Clinical Professor of Medicine, Drexel University

James R. Berenson, MD

Professor of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles; Director of Multiple Myeloma and Bone Metastasis Programs, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center

Brian M. Berman, MD

Professor of Family Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine; Director, University of Maryland Complementary Medicine Program

Richard W. Besdine, MD

Professor of Medicine and of Community Health; Interim Dean of Biology and Medical Sciences; and Director, Center for Gerontology and Health Care Research, Brown Medical School

Ann S. Botash, MD

Associate Professor of Pediatrics, SUNY Upstate Medical University; Director of Child Abuse Referral and Evaluation Program, Syracuse, NY

Alfred A. Bove, MD, PhD

Professor of Medicine (Emeritus), Temple University School of Medicine

Marjorie A. Bowman, MD, MPA

Professor and Chair of Family Practice and Community Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine

Thomas G. Boyce, MD

Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, Mayo Medical School; Senior Associate Consultant, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN

Joseph D. Brain, ScD

Drinker Professor of Environmental Physiology and Chair of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health

Lewis E. Braverman, MD

Professor of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine; Chief, Section of Endrocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Boston Medical Center

Peter C. Brazy, MD

Professor of Medicine, University of Wisconsin at Madison

Itzhak Brook, MD, MSc

Professor of Pediatrics, Georgetown University School of Medicine

George R. Brown, MD, FAPA

Professor and Associate Chairman of Psychiatry, East Tennessee State University; Chief of Psychiatry, Mountain Home VA Medical Center

J. Raymond Buncic, MD

Professor of Ophthalmology, University of Toronto; Ophthalmologist-in-Chief, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

John F. Burke, MD

Helen Andrus Benedict Professor of Surgery (Emeritus), Harvard University; Chief of Trauma Services (Emeritus), Massachusetts General Hospital

John J. Caronna, MD

Professor of Clinical Neurology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University; Attending Neurologist, New York-Presbyterian Hospital

Mary T. Caserta, MD

Associate Professor of Pediatrics, University of Rochester School of Medicine; Attending Physician, Golisano Children's Hospital at Strong

Bartolome R. Celli, MD

Professor of Medicine, Tufts University; Chief of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, St. Elizabeth's Medical Center, Boston

Bruce A. Chabner, MD

Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Clinical Director, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center

Ian M. Chapman, MBBS, PhD

Senior Lecturer in Endocrinology, University of Adelaide, Department of Medicine, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Australia

William D. Chey, MD, FACG, FACP

Associate Professor of Internal Medicine and Director of Gastrointestinal Physiology Laboratory, University of Michigan Health System

David Christiani, MD

Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Professor of Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health; Physician, Massachusetts General Hospital

Alan S. Cohen, MD

Distinguished Professor of Medicine in Rheumatology (Emeritus), Boston University School of Medicine; Editor-in-Chief of Amyloid, The Journal of Protein Folding Disorders

Philip L. Cohen, MD

Professor of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; Staff Physician, Philadelphia VA Medical Center

Robert B. Cohen, DMD

Clinical Assistant Professor, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine

Kathryn Colby, MD, PhD

Director, Clinical Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School

Eve R. Colson, MD

Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine; Director of Well Newborn Nursery, Yale-New Haven Children's Hospital

Mary Ann Cooper, MD

Professor of Emergency Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago; Director of Lightning Injury Research Program, University of Illinois at Chicago

Ralph E. Cutler, MD

Professor of Medicine and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine

Patricia A. Daly, MD

Clinical Endocrinologist, Warren Memorial Hospital, Front Royal, VA

Anne L. Davis, MD

Associate Professor of Clinical Medicine, New York University School of Medicine; Attending Physician, Bellevue Hospital Center

Norman L. Dean, MD

Director of Airway Clinics, North Carolina Correctional Institution for Women

Ronald Dee, MD

Associate Clinical Professor of Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Attending Surgeon, The Stamford Hospital

Ara DerMarderosian, PhD

Professor of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Chemistry, Roth Chair of Natural Products and Scientific Director of Complementary and Alternative Medicine Institute, University of the Sciences in Philadelphia, College of Pharmacy

Eugene P. DiMagno, MD

Professor of Medicine, Mayo Medical School; Consultant of Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN

George E. Downs, PharmD

Professor of Clinical Pharmacy and Dean, Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, University of the Sciences in Philadelphia

Douglas A. Drossman, MD

Professor of Medicine and Psychiatry and Codirector of Center for Functional and Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders, University of North Carolina School of Medicine

Nancy Neveloff Dubler, LLB

Professor of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Director, Division of Bioethics, Montefiore Medical Center

John E. Edwards, Jr., MD

Professor of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles School of Medicine; Chief of Infectious Diseases, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center

David Eidelberg, MD

Professor of Neurology and Neurosurgery, New York University School of Medicine; Head, Center for Neurosciences, North Shore-LIJ Research Institute, Manhasset

Sherman Elias, MD

G. William Arends Chair and Phillip C. and Beverly Goldstick Professor and Head, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Professor, Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago

Elizabeth A. Erwin, MD

Fellow, University of Virginia

Walter H. Ettinger, MD

Executive Vice President, Virtua Health, Inc.

E. Dale Everett, MD

Professor of Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia

Harrison W. Farber, MD

Professor of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine

Norah C. Feeny, PhD

Assistant Professor, Case Western Reserve University; Assistant Professor, University Hospitals of Cleveland

Wayne S. Fenton, MD

National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD

Andrew J. Fletcher, MB, BChir

Adjunct Professor of Pharmaceutical Health Care, Temple University School of Pharmacy; Senior Assistant Editor, The Merck Manuals, Merck & Co., Inc.

Michael R. Foley, MD

Clinical Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Arizona at the Health Sciences Center; Medical Director, Phoenix Perinatal Associates/Obstetrix Medical Group

Arnold S. Freedman, MD

Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School

Eugene P. Frenkel, MD

Professor of Internal Medicine and Radiology, Patsy R. and Raymond D. Nasher Distinguished Chair in Cancer Research, and A. Kenneth Pye Professorship in Cancer Research, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas

Mitchell H. Friedlaender, MD

Adjunct Professor, The Scripps Research Institute; Head of Ophthalmology, Scripps Clinic, La Jolla

Steven M. Fruchtman, MD

Director, Myeloproliferative Disease Program and Director (Emeritus) of Stem Cell Transplant, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York; Associate Professor of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine

Glen O. Gabbard, MD

Professor of Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine

Marc Galanter, MD

Professor of Psychiatry and Director of Alcoholism and Drug Abuse, New York University School of Medicine

Pierluigi Gambetti, MD

Professor and Director of Neuropathology, Case Western Reserve University; Director of National Prion Disease Pathology Surveillance Center, Cleveland

Bruce J. Gantz, MD

Professor and Head, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, and Brian F. McCabe Distinguished Chair in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics

James Garrity, MD

Professor of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN

Robert H. Gelber, MD

Clinical Professor of Medicine and Dermatology, University of California at San Francisco

Tobin N. Gerhart, MD

Assistant Clinical Professor, Orthopaedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School

John P. Glazer, MD

Professor of Psychiatry and Pediatrics and Director of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Rochester Medical Center

Barry Steven Gold, MD

Assistant Professor of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Assistant Professor of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine

Anne Carol Goldberg, MD

Associate Professor of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis

Stephen E. Goldfinger, MD

Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School

Steven A. Goldman, MD, PhD

Professor of Neurology and Neuroscience, Weill Medical College of Cornell University; Attending Neurologist, New York-Presbyterian Hospital

M. Jay Goodkind, MD

Clinical Associate Professor of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; Chief (Retired) of Cardiology, Mercer Medical Center

Michael F. Greene, MD

Associate Professor of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, Harvard Medical School; Director of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital

John H. Greist, MD

Clinical Professor of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin Medical School; Distinguished Senior Scientist, Madison Institute of Medicine

Ashley B. Grossman, MD, FRCP, FMedSci

Professor of Neuroendocrinology, St. Bartholomew's and The Royal London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK

John Gunderson, MD

Professor of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School; Director of Personality and Psychosocial Research, McLean Hospital

H. Roger Hadley, MD

Professor of Urology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine; Chief of Urology, Loma Linda University Medical Center

John W. Hallett, Jr., MD

Clinical Professor of Surgery, Tufts Medical School; Director of Vascular Center, Eastern Maine Medical Center

Susan L. Hendrix, DO

Associate Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Principal Investigator and Director of Women's Health Initiative, Wayne State University School of Medicine

Paula J. Adams Hillard, MD

Professor of Obstetrics/Gynecology and of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati; Director of Women's Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine

Alan T. Hirsch, MD

Associate Professor of Medicine and Radiology, Vascular Medicine Program, Minnesota Vascular Diseases Center, University of Minnesota Medical School

Robert M. A. Hirschfeld, MD

Titus H. Harris Chair, Professor and Chair of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston

Paul D. Hoeprich, MD

Professor of Medicine (Emeritus), School of Medicine, University of California, Davis

Brian D. Hoit, MD

Professor of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University; Director of Echocardiography, University Hospitals of Cleveland

Waun Ki Hong, MD

American Cancer Society Professor and Head, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center

Charles S. Houston, MD

Professor of Medicine (Emeritus), University of Vermont College of Medicine

Daniel A. Hussar, PhD

Remington Professor of Pharmacy, Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, University of the Sciences in Philadelphia

Masayoshi Itoh, MD, MPH

Clinical Professor of Rehabilitation Medicine, New York University; Senior Management Consultant, Coler/Goldwater Specialty Hospital and Nursing Facility, New York

Michael Jacewicz, MD

Professor of Neurology, University of Tennessee College of Medicine; Assistant Chief of Neurology, VA Medical Center, Memphis

Harry S. Jacob, MD

Professor of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School

James W. Jefferson, MD

Clinical Professor of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin Medical School; Distinguished Senior Scientist, Madison Institute of Medicine

Larry E. Johnson, MD, PhD

Associate Professor of Geriatric Medicine and Family and Community Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences; Medical Director, Extended Care, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System

Robert G. Johnson, MD

Chair and C. Rollins Hanlon Professor of Surgery, Saint Louis University Health Sciences Center

Steven Jonas, MD, MPH, MS

Professor of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, State University of New York at Stony Brook

Thomas V. Jones, MD, MPH

Clinical Associate Professor of Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine; Senior Assistant Editor, The Merck Manuals, Merck & Co., Inc.

Nicholas Jospe, MD

Associate Professor of Pediatrics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry

Fran E. Kaiser, MD

Senior Medical Director, South Central Region, Merck & Co., Inc.; Clinical Professor of Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center; Adjunct Professor of Medicine, Saint Louis University

Harold S. Kaplan, MD

Professor of Clinical Pathology and Director of Laboratory Medicine, Columbia University-New York-Presbyterian Hospital

Justin L. Kaplan, MD

Clinical Associate Professor of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University; Assistant Editor, The Merck Manuals, Merck & Co., Inc.

David W. Kennedy, MD

Professor and Chairman of Otorhinolaryngology, Vice Dean for Professional Affairs, University of Pennsylvania; Senior Vice President, University of Pennsylvania Health System

Talmadge E. King, Jr., MD

Constance B. Wofsy Distinguished Professor of Medicine, University of California at San Francisco; Chief of Medical Services, San Francisco General Hospital

Richard P. Kluft, MD

Clinical Professor of Psychiatry, Temple University School of Medicine

Cheryl M. Kodjo, MD, MPH

Senior Instructor in Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Rochester

Arthur E. Kopelman, MD

Professor of Pediatrics and Neonatology, The Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University

David N. Korones, MD

Associate Professor of Pediatrics and Oncology, Golisano Children's Hospital at Strong, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry

Steven H. Kroft, MD

Associate Professor of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School; Director of Hematology Laboratory, Parkland Memorial Hospital

Jules Y. T. Lam, MD, FRCP(C)

Associate Professor of Medicine, University of Montreal; Cardiologist, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

Lewis Landsberg, MD

Vice President for Medical Affairs and Dean, Northwestern University, The Feinberg School of Medicine

Nancy Ebbesmeyer Lanphear, MD

Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center

Ruth A. Lawrence, MD

Professor of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry; Director of Normal Newborn Nursery, Strong Memorial Hospital

Amy Lee, MD

Associate Clinical Professor, Departmentof Medicine, University of California, Irvine

Mathew H. M. Lee, MD

Howard A. Rusk Professor of Rehabilitation Medicine, New York University School of Medicine

Daniel Levinson, MD

Associate Professor (Emeritus) of Family and Community Medicine and Clinical Assistant Professor of Psychiatry, University of Arizona College of Medicine

Matthew E. Levison, MD

Professor of Medicine and Public Health,Division of Infectious Diseases, Drexel University School of Medicine

James L. Lewis III, MD

Nephrology Associates, PC, Birmingham

Lewis A. Lipsitz, MD

Professor and Director, Harvard Division on Aging; Usen Codirector of the Hebrew Rehabilitation Center for Aged, Research and Training Institute, Boston; Chief, Gerontology Division, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center

Gregory S. Liptak, MD, MPH

Associate Professor of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center; Medical Director of Andrew J. Kirch Developmental Services Center

Elliot M. Livstone, MD, FACP, FACG

Attending Physician, Sarasota Memorial Hospital

Paul Lui, MD

Associate Professor of Surgery, Division of Urology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine

Joanne Lynn, MD

Director, The Washington Home Center for Palliative Care Studies, Washington, DC; President of Americans for Better Care of the Dying

Maren L. Mahowald, MD

Professor of Medicine, University of Minnesota; Chief of Rheumatology, Minneapolis VA Medical Center

Scott Manaker, MD, PhD

Associate Professor of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania

Gerald L. Mandell, MD, MACP

Owen R. Cheatham Professor of the Sciences and Professor of Medicine, University of Virginia Health Center

Edward R. Marcantonio, MD

Assistant Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Director of Quality and Outcomes Research, Hebrew Rehabilitation Center for Aged

Richard J. Martin, MD

Professor of Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center; Head of Pulmonary Division and Vice Chair of Department of Medicine, National Jewish Medical and Research Center

Alfonse T. Masi, MD, DrPH

Professor of Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria; Professor of Epidemiology, University of Illinois School of Public Health

Richard G. Masson, MD

Associate Professor of Medicine, University of Massachusetts School of Medicine; Chief of Pulmonary Medicine, Framingham Union Hospital

John T. McBride, MD

Professor and Vice Chair, Department of Pediatrics, Northeastern Ohio Universities College of Medicine; Vice Chair, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Medical Center of Akron

Daniel J. McCarty, MD

Will and Cava Ross Professor of Medicine (Emeritus), Medical College of Wisconsin

J. Allen McCutchan, MD

Professor of Medicine, University of California at San Diego

Noshir R. Mehta, DMD, MDS, MS

Chairman of General Dentistry, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine; Director of Gelb Orofacial Pain Center, Boston

Daniel L. Menkes, MD

Associate Professor of Neurology and Director of Clinical Neurophysiology Services, University of Tennessee, Memphis

Daniel R. Mishell Jr., MD

Lyle G. McNeile Professor and Chairman of Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles

L. Brent Mitchell, MD

Professor of Medicine, University of Calgary; Head, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Calgary Regional Health Authority, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

Joel L. Moake, MD

Professor of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine; Associate Director, Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Rice University

Pamela A. Moalli, MD, PhD

Assistant Professor, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Assistant Professor, Magee-Womens Hospital

Mark Monane, MD, MS

Adjunct Associate Clinical Professor, Rutgers College of Pharmacy; Principal, Biotechnology & Life Sciences, Needham and Company, Inc., New York

Pekka Mooar, MD

Associate Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, Drexel University School of Medicine

John E. Morley, MB, BCh

Director of Geriatric Medicine, Saint Louis University Health Sciences Center; Director of Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, St. Louis VA Medical Center

David F. Murchison, DDS, MMS

Colonel, USAF, DC; Commander, 35th Dental Squadron, Misawa Air Base, Japan

Edward A. Nardell, MD

Associate Professor, Harvard Medical School and Harvard School of Public Health; Director, Tuberculosis Research, Program in Infectious Disease and Social Change

Linda P. Nelson, DMD, MScD

Assistant Professor of Oral and Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine; Senior Attending Pediatric Dentist, Children's Hospital, Boston

John D. Norante, MD

Associate Professor of Otolaryngology, University of Rochester Medical Center

Joseph G. Ouslander, MD

Professor of Medicine and Nursing, Director, Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, and Chief Medical Officer, Wesley Woods Center of Emory University; Director, Emory Center for Health in Aging; Clinical Director, Atlanta VA Rehabilitation Research and Development Center

J. D. Overton, DDS

Private Dental Practice, Biloxi, MS

Elizabeth J. Palumbo, MD

Private Practice, The Pediatric Group, Fairfax, VA

Dhavalkumar D. Patel, MD, PhD

Associate Professor of Medicine and Chief of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Duke University Medical Center

Richard D. Pearson, MD

Professor of Medicine and Pathology, Divisions of Geographic and International Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Virginia School of Medicine

Lawrence L. Pelletier, Jr., MD

Professor of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine; Staff Physician, Wichita VA Medical Center

Hart Peterson, MD

Clinical Professor of Neurology in Pediatrics (Retired), Cornell University; Attending Neurologist and Pediatrician (Retired), New York Hospital

William A. Petri, Jr., MD, PhD

Professor of Medicine, Microbiology and Pathology and Attending Physician and Chief, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Virginia Health System

David G. Pfister, MD

Associate Professor, Weill Medical College of Cornell University; Associate Attending Physician/Associate Member and Co-Leader of the Head and Neck Cancer Disease Management Team, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center

Katharine A. Phillips, MD

Associate Professor of Psychiatry, Brown University School of Medicine; Director of the Body Dysmorphic Disorder Program, Butler Hospital, Providence

Sidney F. Phillips, MD

Professor of Medicine (Emeritus), Karl F. and Marjory Hasselmann Professor of Research, Mayo Medical School; Consultant, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN

Harold C. Pillsbury III, MD

Thomas J. Dark Distinguished Professor and Chairman of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina School of Medicine

Thomas A. E. Platts-Mills, MD

Professor of Internal Medicine and Microbiology and Head of Asthma and Allergic Disease Center, University of Virginia

Russell K. Portenoy, MD

Professor of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Chairman, Department of Pain Medicine and Palliative Care, Beth Israel Medical Center

Jerome B. Posner, MD

Professor of Neurology and Neurosciences, Weill Medical College of Cornell University; Attending Neurologist, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center

Glenn M. Preminger, MD

Professor of Urologic Surgery and Director of Duke Comprehensive Kidney Stone Center, Duke University Medical Center

Douglas J. Pritchard, MD

Consultant of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN

Mirza I. Rahman, MD, MPH, FAAFP, FACPM

Adjunct Professor of Pharmacoepidemiology, Temple University School of Pharmacy; Director, Medical Services, Merck & Co., Inc.

Lawrence G. Raisz, MD

Professor of Medicine and Director of UConn Center for Osteoporosis, University of Connecticut Health Center

Robert W. Rebar, MD

Associate Executive Director of American Society for Reproductive Medicine, Birmingham; Volunteer Clinical Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alabama, Birmingham

Jeffrey B. Reich, MD

Assistant Professor of Neurology, Cornell University Medical College

Norman R. Relkin, MD, PhD

Associate Professor of Clinical Neurology and Neuroscience, Weill Cornell Medical College; Director, Cornell Memory Disorders Program, New York-Presbyterian Hospital

Hal B. Richerson, MD

Professor of Internal Medicine (Emeritus), University of Iowa

Joel E. Richter, MD

Professor of Medicine, Ohio State University Health Science Center at the Cleveland Clinic; Chair of Gastroenterology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation

Melvin I. Roat, MD, FACS

Assistant Surgeon, Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia

William O. Robertson, MD

Professor of Pediatrics, University of Washington; Medical Director, Washington Poison Center

Austin S. Rose, MD

Fellow, Pediatric Otolaryngology, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Beryl J. Rosenstein, MD

Professor of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Director of Cystic Fibrosis Center, Johns Hopkins Hospital

G. Victor Rossi, PhD

Leonard and Madlyn Abramson Professor of Pharmacology, Philadelphia College of Pharmacy and Science, University of the Sciences in Philadelphia

Thomas M. Rossi, MD

Professor of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry

Robert J. Ruben, MD

Distinguished University Professor, Professor of Otolaryngology and Professor of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Chairman (Emeritus), Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine

Fred H. Rubin, MD

Visiting Professor of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Chairman of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Shadyside Hospital

Michael Rubin, MD

Professor of Clinical Neurology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University; Attending Physician of Neurology, New York-Presbyterian Hospital

Atenodoro Marciano R. Ruiz, Jr., MD

Attending Physician, Division of Gastroenterology, Christiana Care Hospital, Newark, DE; Affiliate, Institute of Digestive Diseases, St. Luke's Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines

Albert A. Rundio, Jr., PhD

Associate Professor of Nursing, Drexel University of the Health Sciences

Paul S. Russell, MD

John Homans Distinguished Professor of Surgery, Harvard Medical School; Senior Surgeon, Massachusetts General Hospital

David B. Sachar, MD

Clinical Professor of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine; Director (Emeritus) of Gastroenterology, The Mount Sinai Hospital

Steven A. Sahn, MD

Professor of Medicine and Director of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina

Tracey Schefter, MD

Assistant Professor of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado Cancer Center

Charles A. Schiffer, MD

Professor of Medicine and Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine

Rodney J. Schlosser, MD

Assistant Professor, Director of Rhinology and Sinus Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology, Medical University of South Carolina

John T. Schulz III, MD, PhD

Intructor in Surgery, Harvard Medical School; Attending Physician, Burn, Trauma, and General Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital

H. Ralph Schumacher, Jr., MD

Professor of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine; Director of Arthritis-Immunology Center, VA Medical Center, Philadelphia

Yasmin Suzanne N. Senturias, MD

Postdoctoral Fellow of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine

Eldon A. Shaffer, MD, FRCP(C)

Professor of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

Nicholas J. Shaheen, MD, MPH

Assistant Professor of Medicine, University of North Carolina

Stewart Shankel, MD

Clinical Professor of Medicine, University of California at Riverside; Director of Clinical Instruction, UCR/UCLA Thomas Haider Program in Biomedical Sciences

William R. Shapiro, MD

Chief, Neuro-Oncology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix; Professor of Clinical Neurology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson

Harold Silverman, PharmD

Medical Director, Healthcare Practice, Manning, Selvage and Lee, Washington, DC

Jerome B. Simon, MD, FRCP(C), FACP

Professor of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada

Arthur T. Skarin, MD

Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Attending Physician of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; and Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital

Donna L. Skerrett, MD

Assistant Professor of Pathology and Associate Director of Transfusion Medicine, Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center

Richard V. Smith, MD

Associate Professor and Vice-Chair of Otolaryngology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Director of Head and Neck Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center

Gordon L. Snider, MD

Maurice B. Strauss Professor of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine

Norman Sohn, MD

Clinical Assistant Professor of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine

Spotswood L. Spruance, MD

Professor of Medicine, Adjunct Professor of Dermatology, and Adjunct Professor of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah

Scott Steidl, MD, DMA

Director of Vitreoretinal Disease, University of Maryland Medical Center

David R. Steinberg, MD

Associate Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery and Director of Hand and Microsurgery Fellowship Program, University of Pennsylvania

E. Richard Stiehm, MD

Professor of Pediatrics and Chief of Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Mattel Children's Hospital at UCLA

Matthew J. Stiller, MD

Associate Professor of Clinical Dermatology, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University

Albert J. Stunkard, MD

Professor of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania

Stephen Brian Sulkes, MD

Associate Professor of Pediatrics, Strong Center for Developmental Disabilities, Golisano Children's Hospital at Strong, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry

Norman Sussman, MD

Clinical Professor of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine; Director of Psychopharmacology Research and Consultation Service, Bellevue Hospital Center

David A. Swanson, MD

N.G. and Helen Hawkins Distinguished Professor for Cancer Research and Chairman of Urology, The University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center

Moira Szilagyi, MD

Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, University of Rochester; Medical Director of Foster Care, Monroe County Health Department, Rochester, NY

Paul H. Tanser, MD, FRCP(C), FRCP (Glasgow)

Professor (Emeritus) of Medicine, McMaster University; Senior Staff Cardiologist, St. Joseph's Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

Annette Terebuh, MD

Mary Rutan Hospital, Bellefontaine, OH

Josip Terebuh, MD

Eye Physician and Surgeon, Mary Rutan Hospital, Bellefontaine, OH

Mary Territo, MD

Professor of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles

Francoise Thierfelder, MD

Fellow of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine

David R. Thomas, MD, FACP, FAGS

Professor of Medicine, Saint Louis University

B. Taylor Thompson, MD

Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Director of Medical Intensive Care Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital

Elizabeth Chabner Thompson, MD, MPH

21st Century Oncology, Yonkers, NY

Ronald G. Tompkins, MD, ScD

John F. Burke Professor of Surgery, Harvard University; Visiting Surgeon, Massachusetts General Hospital

Courtney M. Townsend, Jr., MD

Professor and John Woods Harris Distinguished Chairman of Surgery, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston

Thomas N. Tozer, PhD

Professor (Emeritus) of Biopharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California at San Francisco

James T. Ubertalli, DMD

Assistant Clinical Professor of Periodontology, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine;Private Practice, Hingham, MA

Victor G. Vogel, MD, MHS

Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Director, Magee/University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute Breast Program, Magee-Womens Hospital

Jacob S. Walfish, MD

Assistant Clinical Professor of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine

J. Wayne Warnica, MD, FRCP(C)

Professor of Medicine, University of Calgary; Director of Cardiac Intensive Care Unit, Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

Geoffrey A. Weinberg, MD

Associate Professor of Pediatrics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry; Attending Physician and Director of Pediatric HIV Program, Strong Memorial Hospital

Kendrick Alan Whitney, DPM

Assistant Professor, Department of Orthopedics, Temple University School of Podiatric Medicine

Barbara Braunstein Wilson, MD

Edward P. Cawley Associate Professor of Dermatology, University of Virginia

Margaret-Mary G. Wilson, MD

Assistant Professor of Internal and Geriatric Medicine, Saint Louis University Health Sciences Center, St. Louis VA Medical Center

Marilyn Wright, MS, MPH

Director of Community Case Management, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston

Lowell S. Young, MD

Clinical Professor of Medicine, University of California at San Francisco; Director, Kuzell Institute for Arthritis and Infectious Diseases, San Francisco

Thomas M. Zizic, MD

Associate Professor of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Codirector, Chesapeake Medical Research