1720, "an outstanding intellect," from master (n.) + mind (n.). Meaning "head of a criminal enterprise" is attested by 1872. As a verb (also mastermind), "to engage in the highest level of planning and execution of a major operation," from 1940. Related: Masterminded; masterminding.
mast
mastectomy
master
masterful
masterly
master-mind
masterpiece
master-stroke
master-work
mastery
mast-head