1660s, "large seaweed," from Middle English culpe (late 14c.), a word of unknown origin. Specifically of a type of Pacific seaweed of the Americas from 1834. Kelper "native or inhabitant of the Falkland Islands" is attested from 1896.
keld
*kele-
Kellogg
Kelly
keloid
kelp
kelpie
Kelvin
kempt
ken
kendal