1590s, transitive, "break up (a company or band), dismiss from united service or action" (especially a military force), also intransitive, "become disunited, go separate ways," from Middle French desbander "discharge in a body from military service" (Modern French débander), from des- "opposite of" (see dis-) + bander "to bind" (see band (v.)). Related: Disbanded; disbanding; disbandment.