For other versions of this document, see http://wikileaks.org/wiki/CRS-96-253 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Order Code 96-253 SPR Updated April 28, 2008 Cancer Research: Selected Federal Spending and Morbidity and Mortality Statistics Judith A. Johnson Domestic Social Policy Division Janet Kinzer Knowledge Services Group Table 1 shows federal spending at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) for research on selected cancer sites (i.e., the part of the body in which the cancer presents itself). Most cancer research at NIH is conducted by the National Cancer Institute (NCI); NCI amounts are indicated in parentheses (which are a subset of the number above it). The estimate for FY2009 is based on the President's request. Table 1. NIH Research Funding for Selected Cancer Sites ($ in millions; NCI portion of NIH total is shown in parentheses) FY2004 FY2005 FY2006 FY2007 FY2008 FY2009 Cancer Actual Actual Actual Actual Estimate Estimate $708 $700 $718 $707 $705 $703 Breast (566) (560) (585) (572) (572) (572) 94 96 97 96 96 96 Cervical (79) (82) (83) (82) (82) (82) 297 284 269 282 282 282 Colorectal (262) (253) (244) (258) (258) (258) 297 289 266 249 249 249 Lung (273) (266) (243) (227) (227) (227) 112 106 102 103 103 103 Ovarian (100) (98) (95) (97) (97) (97) 378 373 348 345 344 344 Prostate (309) (309) (293) (296) (296) (296) 35 39 28 22 22 22 Uterine (27) (31) (19) (17) (17) (17) NIH total $5,547 $5,639 $5,575 $5,643 $5,652 $5,654 (NCI total) ($4,723) ($4,795) ($4,747) ($4,795) ($4,805) ($4,810) Source: NIH budget office, February 5, 2008, and NCI budget office, April 24, 2008. Note: Amounts for the cancer sites do not add up to the totals. In addition to funding research on many other cancer sites, NIH supports basic cancer research on prevention, epidemiology, carcinogenesis, tumor biology, immunology, as well as research on diagnosis and treatment of cancer patients. CRS-2 In the past, federal cancer research was conducted solely by NIH. In FY1992, Congress appropriated $25 million for breast cancer research to the Department of Defense (DOD). In FY1997, Congress began providing for research on ovarian and prostate cancer as well. Table 2 shows appropriations for these cancers for the past seven years. Funding for DOD cancer research does not appear in the Administration's budget, but rather originates with Congress as part of the appropriations process. On November 13, 2007, the Department of Defense Appropriations Act of 2008 was signed into law (P.L. 110-116). A total of $228 million was made available in FY2008 for peer-reviewed cancer research on breast ($138 million), ovarian ($10 million), and prostate cancer ($80 million). Table 2. Congressional Appropriations to DOD for Cancer Research ($ in millions) Cancer FY2002 FY2003 FY2004 FY2005 FY2006 FY2007 FY2008 Breast $150 $150 $150 $150 $127.5 $127.5 $138 Ovarian 10.2 10 10 10 10 10 10 Prostate 85 85 85 85 80 80 80 Source: DOD Appropriation documents and H.Rept. 110-434. Note: More about the DOD Congressionally Directed Medical Research Program is at [http://cdmrp.army.mil/]. Table 3 gives estimates for the number of new cancer cases and deaths expected in 2008 for selected sites. Annual estimates of cancer cases and deaths are published by the American Cancer Society based on incidence rates obtained from NCI's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program, which collects data from cancer registries in various parts of the country, representing about 10% of the U.S. population. Table 3. Estimated U.S. Cancer Cases and Deaths -- Selected Sites, 2008 Cancer Cases Deaths Breast (female) 182,460 40,480 Cervical 11,070 3,870 Colorectal 148,810 49,960 Lung 215,020 161,840 Ovarian 21,650 15,520 Prostate 186,320 28,660 Uterine 40,100 7,470 All cancer sitesa 1,437,180 565,650 Source: A. Jemal, et al., Cancer Statistics, 2008. CA -- A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, vol. 58, March/April 2008, at [http://caonline.amcancersoc.org/cgi/reprint/58/2/71]. a. Totals for all cancer sites include those listed in Table 3 and other cancer sites not listed here. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ For other versions of this document, see http://wikileaks.org/wiki/CRS-96-253