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Viewing cable 08BRASILIA1529, NNSA ADMINISTRATOR SEEKS BRAZIL SUPPORT FOR NSG PROPOSAL ON
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Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin |
---|---|---|---|---|
08BRASILIA1529 | 2008-11-25 17:05 | 2011-07-11 00:00 | UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY | Embassy Brasilia |
VZCZCXRO9504
RR RUEHRG
DE RUEHBR #1529/01 3301705
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
R 251705Z NOV 08
FM AMEMBASSY BRASILIA
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC 2991
RHEBAAA/DEPT OF ENERGY WASHDC
RUEHBU/AMEMBASSY BUENOS AIRES 5946
INFO RUEHSO/AMCONSUL SAO PAULO 3126
RUEHRI/AMCONSUL RIO DE JANEIRO 6930
RUEHRG/AMCONSUL RECIFE 8753
RUCNNSG/NUCLEAR SUPPLIERS GROUP COLLECTIVE
UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 02 BRASILIA 001529
SENSITIVE
SIPDIS
E.O. 12958: N/A
TAGS: ENRG ETTC KNNP MNUC PARM TRGY IAEA BR
SUBJECT: NNSA ADMINISTRATOR SEEKS BRAZIL SUPPORT FOR NSG PROPOSAL ON
ENRICHMENT AND REPROCESSING TECHNOLGY TRANSFERS
REF: (A) STATE 115509, (B) BRASILIA 1354
¶1. (U) THIS CABLE IS SENSITIVE BUT UNCLASSIFIED AND NOT FOR
INTERNET DISTRIBUTION.
¶2. (SBU) SUMMARY. On November 5, National Nuclear Security
Administration (NNSA) Administrator D'Agostino met with senior
officials of the Government of Brazil (GOB) - Ministry of Exterior
Relations (MRE) Under Secretary Vargas and Defense Minister Jobim -
to urge them to work with the USG in developing acceptable language
for a criteria-based proposal for Nuclear Suppler Group control of
transfers of enrichment and reprocessing (ENR) equipment and
technology. The MRE, which leads the GOB effort, is ready and
willing to review the draft language as soon as it is available.
Nonetheless, the GOB made clear that it would not accept anything
that would indicate that Brazil should adopt an IAEA Additional
Protocol; the GOB views adoption of an AP as a complex matter, and
it has not concluded its internal deliberations. END SUMMARY.
¶3. (SBU) National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
Administrator Thomas D'Agostino, Adam Scheinman, NNSA's Assistant
Deputy Administrator for Non-Proliferation and International
Security, and Captain Peter H. Hanlon, Captain, Executive Staff
Director and Military Assistant to the Administrator, came to
Brasilia to discuss nuclear safeguards. Specifically, D'Agostino
met with senior officials from Government of Brazil (GOB) to urge
support for reaching consensus at the November 19 meeting of the
Consultative Group of the Nuclear Supplier Group (NSG) on a U.S.
criteria-based proposal for NSG control of transfers of enrichment
and reprocessing (ENR) equipment and technology (REFTEL A). On
November 5, the Administrator met with Brazilian Ministry of
External Relations (MRE) Under Secretary for Policy, Amb. Everton
Vargas, and later with Minister of Defense Nelson Jobim. NOTE:
Embassy's request for a meeting with MRE Deputy Minister Samuel
Pinheiro Guimaraes Neto was turned down because he was "unavailable"
all day; he is a key player in matters regarding nuclear safeguard
issues. END NOTE.
MEETING WITH UNDER SECRETARY VARGAS
¶4. (SBU) Administrator D'Agostino met with Amb. Vargas and his
staff. He said that the USG hoped to bring the effort to develop a
criteria-based ENR transfer proposal to a successful conclusion
after three years of work. D'Agostino stressed that the USG
recognized the issue of Brazil adopting an International Atomic
Energy Agency (IAEA) Additional Protocol (AP) was a sensitive one
for the GOB and would take time to implement. Therefore, he wanted
to delink the AP adoption issue from that of supporting the
criteria-based ENR transfer proposal at the NSG. He suggested that
the USG and GOB try to work out differences on the ENR proposal
before the upcoming NSG meeting. Scheinman briefed Vargas on
progress being made on resolving the outstanding issues with Canada
on the proposal. Scheinman expected that Canada would be on board
shortly. NOTE: With Canada supporting the NSG proposal, the only
remaining countries with significant objection would be Brazil and
Argentina. END NOTE.
¶5. (SBU) Vargas said the AP and the ENR proposal were complex
issues. He appreciated that the NNSA Administrator had come to
Brasilia to hear the GOB's views. He noted that Argentina might
have concerns apart from the issues that the GOB had with references
to an AP. Vargas explained that the GOB did not want to see
impediments to Brazil's programs or Brazil's and Argentina's common
development. He noted that the GOB has an ongoing enrichment
program at Resende run by the Navy and also plans to build from 4-6
new reactors by 2030 (REFTEL B). Vargas did say that the GOB had
no intention of sharing its ENR technology with any other countries,
including Argentina. However, he did not know what might happen in
the future and he did not want to restrict Brazil's access to ENR
technology or its ability to share technology with Argentina.
¶6. (SBU) Vargas said, the GOB has been discussing the question of
an AP for some time now, but has not decided whether to adopt it or
not. Thus, anything that turns on an AP as a pre-condition or
criteria would be a problem for Brazil, he stated. Nonetheless, the
GOB does support the non-proliferation goals and work of the NSG and
has collaborated closely with the USG on sensitive matters, such as
the India deal. In the end, however, Vargas made clear that the GOB
cannot accept "language that calls for Brazil to sign an Additional
Protocol". Brazil is open to working with the USG, he added, but
would have great difficulty in making an AP a threshold condition
for ENR transfers. Vargas's deputy, Carlos Sergio Sobral Duarte,
MRE Director of the Department of International Organizations (which
oversees IAEA matters), added that the GOB wants to strengthen the
BRASILIA 00001529 002 OF 002
NSG, but did not want to hinder its nuclear development.
¶7. (SBU) D'Agostino clarified that the USG did not intend to
hamstring Brazil's nuclear programs. He said, we just want to make
sure that ENR transfers occur in a responsible fashion. We would be
sending the GOB shortly draft language that would seek to accomplish
those ends, promised D'Agostino. The proposal would involve using
the inspections and safeguards provided by the Brazilian-Argentine
Agency for Accounting and Control of Nuclear Materials (ABACC). He
said that he was ready to come back to Brazil to meet with Deputy
Minister Guimaraes and/or Amb. Vargas once they had a chance to see
the USG proposed language. Vargas thanked D'Agostino for the offer
of a second visit, noting the GOB would first want to look over the
proposal.
¶8. (SBU) As for an AP itself, D'Agostino pointed out that the USG
would put an AP in place this year. The USG had many years of
dealing with hundreds of IAEA inspections and has been able to
protect its national security interests. He proposed that the GOB
send officials to the USG to learn about the USG experience with
inspections. This could help to alleviate their concerns about
disclosure of their technology or sensitive or proprietary
information.
¶9. (SBU) Amb. Vargas was accompanied by Carlos Duarte, MRE's
Americas Desk Director Joao Tabajara de Oliveira Junior, MRE's
Acting Director of the Division of Sensitive Technologies, Fabio
Simao Alves, and Army Col. Leal, who handles science and technology
issues. Administrator D'Agostino and party were joined from the
Embassy by Acting Deputy Chief of Mission Cherie Jackson, Science
Counselor Richard Driscoll, and Political Military Officer John
Erath.
MEETING WITH DEFENSE MINISTER JOBIM
¶10. (SBU) At a subsequent meeting, Defense Minister Jobim said he
too would be ready to review any language the USG would propose, but
stated that any text that would oblige Brazil to adhere to an AP
would be unacceptable. Jobim told D'Agostino that the MRE would be
the decision maker for the GOB, although the Ministry of Defense
would be consulted. He underlined the importance of nuclear power
in Brazil and the Brazilian Navy's sensitivity about protecting its
proprietary enrichment technology. Ambassador Sobel, who joined
D'Agostino at the meeting, noted that the United States and Brazil
shared an objective of protecting ENR technology and asked that
Brazil approach the issue from the point of view of seeing what it
could do in the short term to restrict transfers of such technology
while leaving the question of the AP aside. Jobim promised to give
any USG proposals careful attention.
COMMENT
¶11. (SBU) The visit of NNSA Administrator underscored the USG's
great interest in quickly developing with the GOB acceptable
language on a criteria-based ENR transfer proposal for the NSG. In
concept, there appears to be a way forward, so long as it does not
explicitly or implicitly increase pressure on the GOB to adopt an
AP. The GOB officials seem ready and willing to work with the USG
to that end. As Amb. Vargas underscored, the USG and the GOB have
successfully worked together on sensitive negotiations in the past,
and he signaled a willingness to try to do so again here. Given
Brazilian sensitivities, we expect that they will proceed cautiously
and may not be able to take a decision prior to the upcoming NSG
meeting.
KUBISKE