

Currently released so far... 51122 / 251,287
Articles
Brazil
Sri Lanka
United Kingdom
Sweden
00. Editorial
United States
Latin America
Egypt
Jordan
Yemen
Thailand
Browse latest releases
2010/12/01
2010/12/02
2010/12/03
2010/12/04
2010/12/05
2010/12/06
2010/12/07
2010/12/08
2010/12/09
2010/12/10
2010/12/11
2010/12/12
2010/12/13
2010/12/14
2010/12/15
2010/12/16
2010/12/17
2010/12/18
2010/12/19
2010/12/20
2010/12/21
2010/12/22
2010/12/23
2010/12/24
2010/12/25
2010/12/26
2010/12/27
2010/12/28
2010/12/29
2010/12/30
2011/01/01
2011/01/02
2011/01/04
2011/01/05
2011/01/07
2011/01/09
2011/01/11
2011/01/12
2011/01/13
2011/01/14
2011/01/15
2011/01/16
2011/01/17
2011/01/18
2011/01/19
2011/01/20
2011/01/21
2011/01/22
2011/01/23
2011/01/24
2011/01/25
2011/01/26
2011/01/27
2011/01/28
2011/01/29
2011/01/30
2011/01/31
2011/02/01
2011/02/02
2011/02/03
2011/02/04
2011/02/05
2011/02/06
2011/02/07
2011/02/08
2011/02/09
2011/02/10
2011/02/11
2011/02/12
2011/02/13
2011/02/14
2011/02/15
2011/02/16
2011/02/17
2011/02/18
2011/02/19
2011/02/20
2011/02/21
2011/02/22
2011/02/23
2011/02/24
2011/02/25
2011/02/26
2011/02/27
2011/02/28
2011/03/01
2011/03/02
2011/03/03
2011/03/04
2011/03/05
2011/03/06
2011/03/07
2011/03/08
2011/03/09
2011/03/10
2011/03/11
2011/03/13
2011/03/14
2011/03/15
2011/03/16
2011/03/17
2011/03/18
2011/03/19
2011/03/20
2011/03/21
2011/03/22
2011/03/23
2011/03/24
2011/03/25
2011/03/26
2011/03/27
2011/03/28
2011/03/29
2011/03/30
2011/03/31
2011/04/01
2011/04/02
2011/04/03
2011/04/04
2011/04/05
2011/04/06
2011/04/07
2011/04/08
2011/04/09
2011/04/10
2011/04/11
2011/04/12
2011/04/13
2011/04/14
2011/04/15
2011/04/16
2011/04/17
2011/04/18
2011/04/19
2011/04/20
2011/04/21
2011/04/22
2011/04/23
2011/04/24
2011/04/25
2011/04/26
2011/04/27
2011/04/28
2011/04/29
2011/04/30
2011/05/01
2011/05/02
2011/05/03
2011/05/04
2011/05/05
2011/05/06
2011/05/07
2011/05/08
2011/05/09
2011/05/10
2011/05/11
2011/05/12
2011/05/13
2011/05/14
2011/05/15
2011/05/16
2011/05/17
2011/05/18
2011/05/19
2011/05/20
2011/05/21
2011/05/22
2011/05/23
2011/05/24
2011/05/25
2011/05/26
2011/05/27
2011/05/28
2011/05/29
2011/05/30
2011/05/31
2011/06/01
2011/06/02
2011/06/03
2011/06/04
2011/06/05
2011/06/06
2011/06/07
2011/06/08
2011/06/09
2011/06/10
2011/06/11
2011/06/12
2011/06/13
2011/06/14
2011/06/15
2011/06/16
2011/06/17
2011/06/18
2011/06/19
2011/06/20
2011/06/21
2011/06/22
2011/06/23
2011/06/24
2011/06/25
2011/06/26
2011/06/27
2011/06/28
2011/06/29
2011/06/30
2011/07/01
2011/07/02
2011/07/04
2011/07/05
2011/07/06
2011/07/07
2011/07/08
2011/07/10
2011/07/11
2011/07/12
2011/07/13
2011/07/14
2011/07/15
2011/07/16
2011/07/17
2011/07/18
2011/07/19
2011/07/20
2011/07/21
2011/07/22
2011/07/23
2011/07/25
2011/07/27
2011/07/28
2011/07/29
2011/07/31
2011/08/01
2011/08/02
2011/08/03
2011/08/05
2011/08/06
2011/08/07
2011/08/08
2011/08/09
2011/08/10
2011/08/11
2011/08/12
2011/08/13
2011/08/15
2011/08/16
2011/08/17
2011/08/18
2011/08/19
2011/08/21
2011/08/22
2011/08/23
2011/08/24
Browse by creation date
Browse by origin
Embassy Athens
Embassy Asuncion
Embassy Astana
Embassy Asmara
Embassy Ashgabat
Embassy Apia
Embassy Antananarivo
Embassy Ankara
Embassy Amman
Embassy Algiers
Embassy Addis Ababa
Embassy Accra
Embassy Abuja
Embassy Abu Dhabi
Embassy Abidjan
Consulate Auckland
Consulate Amsterdam
Consulate Alexandria
Consulate Adana
American Institute Taiwan, Taipei
Embasy Bonn
Embassy Bujumbura
Embassy Buenos Aires
Embassy Budapest
Embassy Bucharest
Embassy Brussels
Embassy Bridgetown
Embassy Brazzaville
Embassy Bratislava
Embassy Brasilia
Embassy Bogota
Embassy Bishkek
Embassy Bern
Embassy Berlin
Embassy Belmopan
Embassy Belgrade
Embassy Beirut
Embassy Beijing
Embassy Banjul
Embassy Bangui
Embassy Bangkok
Embassy Bandar Seri Begawan
Embassy Bamako
Embassy Baku
Embassy Baghdad
Consulate Belfast
Consulate Barcelona
Embassy Cotonou
Embassy Copenhagen
Embassy Conakry
Embassy Colombo
Embassy Chisinau
Embassy Caracas
Embassy Canberra
Embassy Cairo
Consulate Curacao
Consulate Ciudad Juarez
Consulate Chiang Mai
Consulate Chennai
Consulate Chengdu
Consulate Casablanca
Consulate Cape Town
Consulate Calgary
Embassy Dushanbe
Embassy Dublin
Embassy Doha
Embassy Djibouti
Embassy Dili
Embassy Dhaka
Embassy Dar Es Salaam
Embassy Damascus
Embassy Dakar
DIR FSINFATC
Consulate Dusseldorf
Consulate Durban
Consulate Dubai
Consulate Dhahran
Embassy Guatemala
Embassy Grenada
Embassy Georgetown
Embassy Gaborone
Consulate Guayaquil
Consulate Guangzhou
Consulate Guadalajara
Embassy Helsinki
Embassy Harare
Embassy Hanoi
Consulate Hong Kong
Consulate Ho Chi Minh City
Consulate Hermosillo
Consulate Hamilton
Consulate Hamburg
Consulate Halifax
Embassy Kyiv
Embassy Kuwait
Embassy Kuala Lumpur
Embassy Kolonia
Embassy Kinshasa
Embassy Kingston
Embassy Kigali
Embassy Khartoum
Embassy Kathmandu
Embassy Kampala
Embassy Kabul
Consulate Krakow
Consulate Kolkata
Consulate Karachi
Embassy Luxembourg
Embassy Lusaka
Embassy Luanda
Embassy London
Embassy Lome
Embassy Ljubljana
Embassy Lisbon
Embassy Lima
Embassy Lilongwe
Embassy Libreville
Embassy La Paz
Consulate Leipzig
Consulate Lahore
Consulate Lagos
Mission USOSCE
Mission USNATO
Mission UNESCO
Mission Geneva
Embassy Muscat
Embassy Moscow
Embassy Montevideo
Embassy Monrovia
Embassy Mogadishu
Embassy Minsk
Embassy Mexico
Embassy Mbabane
Embassy Maseru
Embassy Maputo
Embassy Manila
Embassy Manama
Embassy Managua
Embassy Malabo
Embassy Madrid
Consulate Munich
Consulate Mumbai
Consulate Montreal
Consulate Monterrey
Consulate Milan
Consulate Merida
Consulate Melbourne
Consulate Matamoros
Consulate Marseille
Embassy Nouakchott
Embassy Nicosia
Embassy Niamey
Embassy New Delhi
Embassy Ndjamena
Embassy Nassau
Embassy Nairobi
Consulate Nuevo Laredo
Consulate Naples
Consulate Naha
Consulate Nagoya
Embassy Pristina
Embassy Pretoria
Embassy Praia
Embassy Prague
Embassy Port Of Spain
Embassy Port Moresby
Embassy Port Louis
Embassy Port Au Prince
Embassy Podgorica
Embassy Phnom Penh
Embassy Paris
Embassy Paramaribo
Embassy Panama
Consulate Peshawar
REO Hillah
REO Basrah
Embassy Rome
Embassy Riyadh
Embassy Riga
Embassy Reykjavik
Embassy Rangoon
Embassy Rabat
Consulate Rio De Janeiro
Consulate Recife
Secretary of State
Embassy Suva
Embassy Stockholm
Embassy Sofia
Embassy Skopje
Embassy Singapore
Embassy Seoul
Embassy Sarajevo
Embassy Santo Domingo
Embassy Santiago
Embassy Sanaa
Embassy San Salvador
Embassy San Jose
Consulate Surabaya
Consulate Strasbourg
Consulate St Petersburg
Consulate Shenyang
Consulate Shanghai
Consulate Sapporo
Consulate Sao Paulo
Embassy Tunis
Embassy Tripoli
Embassy Tokyo
Embassy Tirana
Embassy The Hague
Embassy Tel Aviv
Embassy Tehran
Embassy Tegucigalpa
Embassy Tbilisi
Embassy Tashkent
Embassy Tallinn
Consulate Toronto
Consulate Tijuana
Consulate Thessaloniki
USUN New York
USMISSION USTR GENEVA
USEU Brussels
US Office Almaty
US Mission Geneva
US Mission CD Geneva
US Interests Section Havana
US Delegation, Secretary
UNVIE
UN Rome
Embassy Ulaanbaatar
Embassy Vilnius
Embassy Vientiane
Embassy Vienna
Embassy Vatican
Embassy Valletta
Consulate Vladivostok
Consulate Vancouver
Browse by tag
AMGT
ASEC
AEMR
AR
APECO
AU
AORC
ADANA
AJ
AF
AFIN
AMED
AS
AM
ABLD
AFFAIRS
AMB
APER
ACOA
AND
AA
AE
AADP
AID
AO
AL
AG
AORD
ADM
AINF
AINT
ASEAN
AORG
ABT
APEC
AY
ASUP
ARF
AGOA
AVIAN
ATRN
ANET
AGIT
ASECVE
ABUD
AODE
ALOW
ADB
AN
ADPM
ASPA
ARABL
AFSN
AZ
AC
AIAG
AFSI
ASCE
ASIG
ACABQ
ADIP
AFGHANISTAN
AROC
ADCO
ACOTA
ANARCHISTS
AMEDCASCKFLO
AK
ARABBL
ASCH
ANTITERRORISM
AGRICULTURE
AOCR
ARR
ASSEMBLY
AORCYM
AFPK
ACKM
AGMT
AEC
APRC
AIN
AFPREL
ASFC
ASECTH
AFSA
AINR
AOPC
AFAF
AFARI
AX
ASECAF
ASECAFIN
AT
AFZAL
APCS
AGAO
AIT
ARCH
AEMRASECCASCKFLOMARRPRELPINRAMGTJMXL
AMEX
ARM
AQ
ATFN
AMBASSADOR
AORCD
AVIATION
ARAS
AINFCY
ACBAQ
AOPR
AREP
AOIC
ASEX
ASEK
AER
AGR
AMCT
AVERY
APR
AEMRS
AFU
AMG
ATPDEA
ASECKFRDCVISKIRFPHUMSMIGEG
AORL
ACS
AMCHAMS
AECL
AUC
ACAO
BA
BR
BB
BG
BEXP
BY
BRUSSELS
BU
BD
BTIO
BK
BL
BE
BMGT
BO
BM
BX
BN
BWC
BBSR
BTT
BC
BH
BILAT
BUSH
BHUM
BT
BTC
BMENA
BOND
BAIO
BP
BF
BRPA
BURNS
BUT
BBG
BCW
BOEHNER
BOL
BASHAR
BIDEN
BFIN
BZ
BEXPC
BTIU
CPAS
CA
CASC
CS
CBW
CIDA
CO
CODEL
CI
CROS
CU
CH
CWC
CMGT
CVIS
CDG
CTR
CG
CF
CHIEF
CJAN
CBSA
CE
CY
CB
CW
CM
CHR
CD
COE
CV
COUNTER
CT
CN
CPUOS
CTERR
CVR
CVPR
CDC
COUNTRY
CLEARANCE
CONS
COM
CACS
CR
CONTROLS
CAN
CACM
COMMERCE
CAMBODIA
CFIS
COUNTERTERRORISM
CITES
CONDOLEEZZA
CZ
CTBT
CEN
CLINTON
CFED
CARC
CTM
CARICOM
CSW
CICTE
CYPRUS
CBE
CMGMT
CARSON
CWCM
CIVS
COUNTRYCLEARANCE
CENTCOM
CAPC
COPUOS
CKGR
CITEL
CQ
CITT
CIC
CARIB
CVIC
CAFTA
CVISU
CDB
CEDAW
CNC
CJUS
COMMAND
CENTER
COL
CAJC
CONSULAR
CLMT
CBC
CIA
CNARC
CIS
CEUDA
CHINA
CAC
CL
DR
DJ
DEMOCRATIC
DEMARCHE
DOMESTIC
DISENGAGEMENT
DB
DA
DHS
DAO
DCM
DAVID
DO
DEAX
DEFENSE
DEA
DTRO
DPRK
DOC
DTRA
DK
DAC
DOD
DRL
DRC
DCG
DE
DOT
DEPT
DOE
DS
DKEM
ECON
ETTC
EFIS
ETRD
EC
EMIN
EAGR
EAID
EFIN
EUN
ECIN
EG
EWWT
EINV
ENRG
ELAB
EPET
EIND
EN
EAIR
EUMEM
ECPS
ES
EI
ELTN
ET
EZ
EU
ER
EINT
ENGR
ECONOMIC
ENIV
EFTA
ETRN
EMS
EUREM
EPA
ESTH
EEB
EET
ENV
EAG
EXIM
ECTRD
ELNT
ENVIRONMENT
ECA
EAP
EINDIR
ETR
ECONOMY
ETRC
ELECTIONS
EICN
EXPORT
EARG
EGHG
EID
ETRO
EINF
EAIDHO
ECIP
EENV
EURM
EPEC
ERNG
ENERG
EIAD
EXBS
ED
EREL
ELAM
EK
EWT
ENGRD
EDEV
ECE
ENGY
EXIMOPIC
ETRDEC
ECCT
EUR
ENRGPARMOTRASENVKGHGPGOVECONTSPLEAID
EFI
ECOSOC
EXTERNAL
ESCAP
ETCC
EENG
ERA
ENRD
ECLAC
ETRAD
EBRD
ENVR
ECONENRG
ELTNSNAR
ELAP
EPIT
EDUC
EAIDXMXAXBXFFR
EETC
EIVN
EDRC
EGOV
ETRA
EAIDRW
ETRDEINVECINPGOVCS
ESA
ETRDGK
ENVI
ELN
EPRT
EPTED
ERTD
EUM
EAIDS
EFINECONEAIDUNGAGM
EDU
EV
EAIDAF
EDA
EPREL
EINVEFIN
EAGER
ETMIN
EUCOM
ECCP
EIDN
EINVKSCA
ENNP
EFINECONCS
ETC
EAIRASECCASCID
EINN
ETRP
ECONOMICS
ENERGY
EIAR
EINDETRD
ECONEFIN
EURN
ETRDEINVTINTCS
EFIM
ETIO
EATO
EIPR
EINVETC
ETTD
ETDR
EIQ
ECONCS
ENRGIZ
EAIG
ENTG
EUC
ERD
EINVECONSENVCSJA
EEPET
EUNCH
ESENV
ECINECONCS
ETRDECONWTOCS
ECUN
FR
FI
FOREIGN
FARM
FIR
FAO
FK
FARC
FAS
FJ
FREEDOM
FAC
FINANCE
FBI
FTAA
FM
FCS
FAA
FORCE
FDA
FTA
FT
FCSC
FMGT
FINR
FIN
FDIC
FOR
FOI
FO
FMLN
FISO
GM
GERARD
GT
GA
GG
GR
GTIP
GH
GZ
GE
GB
GY
GAZA
GJ
GEORGE
GOI
GCC
GMUS
GI
GLOBAL
GV
GC
GL
GOV
GKGIC
GF
GWI
GIPNC
GUTIERREZ
GTMO
GANGS
GAERC
GUILLERMO
GASPAR
HR
HA
HYMPSK
HO
HK
HUMAN
HU
HN
HHS
HURI
HUD
HUMRIT
HUMANITARIAN
HUMANR
HL
HSTC
HILLARY
HCOPIL
HADLEY
HOURANI
HI
HUM
HEBRON
HUMOR
IZ
IN
IAEA
IS
IMO
ILO
IR
IC
IT
ITU
ID
IV
IMF
IBRD
IWC
ICAO
ICRC
INF
IO
IPR
ISO
IK
ISRAELI
IQ
ICES
IDB
INFLUENZA
IRAQI
ISCON
IGAD
IRAN
ITALY
IRAQ
ICTY
ICTR
ITPGOV
ITALIAN
IQNV
IADB
INTERNAL
INMARSAT
IRDB
ILC
INCB
INRB
ICJ
ISRAEL
INR
IEA
ISPA
ICCAT
IOM
ITRD
IHO
IL
IFAD
ITRA
IDLI
ISCA
INL
INRA
INTELSAT
ISAF
ISPL
IRS
IEF
ITER
INDO
IIP
IND
IEFIN
IACI
IAHRC
INNP
IA
INTERPOL
IFIN
ISSUES
IZPREL
IRAJ
IF
ITPHUM
ITA
IP
IRPE
IDA
ISLAMISTS
ITF
INRO
IBET
IDP
IRC
KMDR
KPAO
KOMC
KNNP
KFLO
KDEM
KSUM
KIPR
KFLU
KE
KCRM
KJUS
KAWC
KZ
KSCA
KDRG
KCOR
KGHG
KPAL
KTIP
KMCA
KCRS
KPKO
KOLY
KRVC
KVPR
KG
KWBG
KTER
KS
KN
KSPR
KWMN
KV
KTFN
KFRD
KU
KSTC
KSTH
KISL
KGIC
KSEP
KFIN
KTEX
KTIA
KUNR
KCMR
KCIP
KMOC
KTDB
KBIO
KBCT
KMPI
KSAF
KACT
KFEM
KPRV
KPWR
KIRC
KCFE
KRIM
KHIV
KHLS
KVIR
KNNNP
KCEM
KLIG
KIRF
KNUP
KSAC
KNUC
KPGOV
KTDD
KIDE
KOMS
KLFU
KNNC
KMFO
KSEO
KJRE
KJUST
KMRS
KSRE
KGIT
KPIR
KPOA
KUWAIT
KIVP
KICC
KSCS
KPOL
KSEAO
KRCM
KSCI
KNAP
KGLB
KICA
KCUL
KPRM
KFSC
KQ
KPOP
KPFO
KPALAOIS
KREC
KBWG
KR
KTTB
KNAR
KCOM
KESS
KINR
KOCI
KWN
KCSY
KREL
KTBT
KFTN
KW
KRFD
KFLOA
KHDP
KNEP
KIND
KHUM
KSKN
KOMO
KDRL
KTFIN
KSOC
KPO
KGIV
KSTCPL
KSI
KPRP
KFPC
KNNB
KNDP
KICCPUR
KFRDCVISCMGTCASCKOCIASECPHUMSMIGEG
KDMR
KFCE
KIMMITT
KMCC
KMNP
KSEC
KOMCSG
KGCC
KRAD
KCRP
KAUST
KWAWC
KCHG
KRDP
KPAS
KTIAPARM
KPAOPREL
KWGB
KIRP
KMIG
KLAB
KSEI
KHSA
KNPP
KPAONZ
KWWW
KGHA
KY
KCRIM
KCRCM
KGCN
KPLS
KIIP
KPAOY
KTRD
KTAO
KJU
KBTS
KWAC
KFIU
KNNO
KPAI
KILS
KPA
KRCS
KWBGSY
KNPPIS
KNNPMNUC
KNPT
KERG
KLTN
KPREL
KTLA
KO
KAWK
KVRP
KAID
KX
KENV
KWCI
KNPR
KCFC
KNEI
KFTFN
KTFM
KCERS
KDEMAF
KMEPI
KEMS
KBTR
KEDU
KIRL
KNNR
KMPT
KPDD
KPIN
KDEV
KFRP
KTBD
KMSG
KWWMN
KWBC
KA
KOM
KWNM
KFRDKIRFCVISCMGTKOCIASECPHUMSMIGEG
KRGY
KNNF
KICR
KIFR
KWMNCS
KPAK
KDDG
KCGC
KID
KNSD
KMPF
KWMM
MARR
MX
MASS
MOPS
MNUC
MCAP
MTCRE
MRCRE
MTRE
MASC
MY
MK
MG
MU
MILI
MO
MZ
MEPP
MCC
MEDIA
MOPPS
MI
MAS
MW
MP
MEPN
MV
MD
MR
MC
MCA
MT
MIL
MARITIME
MOPSGRPARM
MAAR
MOOPS
ML
MA
MN
MNUCPTEREZ
MTCR
MUNC
MPOS
MONUC
MGMT
MURRAY
MACP
MINUSTAH
MCCONNELL
MGT
MNUR
MF
MEPI
MOHAMMAD
MAR
MAPP
MNU
MFA
MTS
MLS
MEETINGS
MERCOSUR
MED
MNVC
MIK
MBM
MILITARY
MAPS
MARAD
MDC
MACEDONIA
MASSMNUC
MUCN
MQADHAFI
MPS
NZ
NATO
NI
NO
NU
NG
NL
NPT
NS
NA
NP
NASA
NSF
NEA
NANCY
NSG
NRR
NATIONAL
NMNUC
NC
NSC
NAS
NARC
NELSON
NATEU
NDP
NIH
NK
NIPP
NR
NERG
NSSP
NE
NTDB
NT
NEGROPONTE
NGO
NATOIRAQ
NAR
NZUS
NCCC
NH
NAFTA
NEW
NRG
NUIN
NOVO
NATOPREL
NV
NICHOLAS
NPA
NSFO
NW
NORAD
NPG
NOAA
OPRC
OPDC
OTRA
OECD
OVIP
OREP
ODC
OIIP
OAS
OSCE
OPIC
OMS
OFDP
OFDA
OEXC
OPCW
OIE
OSCI
OM
OPAD
ODPC
OIC
ODIP
OPPI
ORA
OCEA
OREG
OMIG
OFFICIALS
OSAC
OEXP
OPEC
OFPD
OAU
OCII
OIL
OVIPPRELUNGANU
OSHA
OPCD
OPCR
OF
OFDPQIS
OSIC
OHUM
OTR
OBSP
OGAC
OESC
OVP
ON
OES
OTAR
OCS
PREL
PGOV
PARM
PINR
PHUM
PM
PREF
PTER
PK
PINS
PBIO
PHSA
PE
PBTS
PA
PL
POL
PAK
POV
POLITICS
POLICY
PO
PRELTBIOBA
PKO
PIN
PNAT
PU
PGOVPREL
PALESTINIAN
PTERPGOV
PELOSI
PAS
PP
PTEL
PROP
PRELAF
PRHUM
PRE
PUNE
PIRF
PVOV
PROG
PERSONS
PROV
PKK
PRGOV
PH
PLAB
PDEM
PCI
PRL
PRM
PINSO
PERM
PETR
PPAO
PERL
PBS
PETERS
PRELBR
PCON
POLITICAL
PMIL
POLM
PKPA
PNUM
PLO
PTERM
PJUS
PARMP
PNIR
PHUMKPAL
PG
PREZ
PGIC
PAO
PROTECTION
PRELPK
PGOVENRG
PATTY
PSOC
PARTIES
PGOVEAIDUKNOSWGMHUCANLLHFRSPITNZ
PMIG
PAIGH
PARK
PETER
PHUS
PKPO
PGOVECON
POUS
PMAR
PWBG
PAR
PGOVGM
PHUH
PTE
PY
POLUN
PDOV
PGOVSOCI
PGOVPM
PRELEVU
PGOR
PBTSRU
PHUMA
PHUMR
PPD
PGV
PRAM
PARMS
PINL
PSI
PKPAL
PPA
PTERE
PGOF
PINO
PREO
PHAS
PAC
PRESL
PORG
PS
PGVO
PKFK
PSOE
PEPR
PINT
PRELP
PREFA
PNG
PTBS
PFOR
PGOVLO
PHUMBA
PREK
PHJM
POLINT
PGOVE
PHALANAGE
PARTY
PECON
PEACE
PROCESS
PLN
PEDRO
PF
PGPV
PCUL
PGGV
PSA
PGOVSMIGKCRMKWMNPHUMCVISKFRDCA
PGIV
PHUMPREL
POGOV
PEL
PBT
PAMQ
PINF
PSEPC
POSTS
PAHO
PHUMPGOV
PGOC
PNR
RS
RP
RU
RW
RFE
RCMP
RIGHTSPOLMIL
REFORM
RO
ROW
ROBERT
REACTION
REPORT
REGION
RELATIONS
RAY
ROBERTG
RIGHTS
RM
RATIFICATION
RREL
RBI
RICE
ROOD
REL
RODHAM
RGY
RUEHZO
RELIGIOUS
RELFREE
RUEUN
RELAM
RSP
RF
REO
REGIONAL
RUPREL
RI
REMON
RPEL
RSO
SCUL
SENV
SOCI
SZ
SNAR
SO
SP
SU
SY
SI
SMIG
SYR
SA
SW
SF
SR
SYRIA
SNARM
START
SPECIALIST
SG
SNIG
SCI
SGWI
SE
SIPDIS
SANC
SELAB
SN
SETTLEMENTS
SCIENCE
SENVENV
SENS
SPCE
SPAS
SECURITY
SENC
SOCIETY
SOSI
SENVEAGREAIDTBIOECONSOCIXR
SEN
SPECI
ST
SL
SENVCASCEAIDID
SC
SECRETARY
STR
SNA
SOCIS
SADC
SEP
SK
SHUM
SYAI
SMIL
STEPHEN
SNRV
SKCA
SENSITIVE
SECI
SCUD
SCRM
SGNV
SECTOR
SAARC
SENVSXE
SWMN
STEINBERG
SOPN
SOCR
SCRS
SWE
SARS
SNARIZ
SUDAN
SENVQGR
SAN
SM
SFNV
SSA
SPCVIS
SOFA
SCULKPAOECONTU
SENVKGHG
SHI
SEVN
SH
SNARCS
SNARN
SIPRS
TBIO
TW
TRGY
TSPA
TU
TPHY
TI
TX
TH
TIP
TSPL
TNGD
TZ
TS
TC
TK
TURKEY
TERRORISM
TPSL
TINT
TRSY
TERFIN
TPP
TT
TECHNOLOGY
TE
TAGS
TRAFFICKING
TJ
TN
TO
TD
TP
TREATY
TR
TA
TIO
TECH
TF
TRAD
TNDG
TWI
TPSA
TWL
TAUSCHER
TRBY
TL
TV
THPY
TSPAM
TREL
TRT
TNAR
TFIN
TWCH
THOMMA
THOMAS
TERROR
TRY
TBID
UK
UNESCO
UNSC
UNGA
UN
US
UZ
USEU
UG
UP
UNAUS
UNMIK
USTR
UY
USUN
UNEP
UNDC
UV
UNPUOS
UNSCR
USAID
UNODC
UNRCR
UNHCR
UNDP
UNCRIME
UA
UNHRC
UNRWA
UNO
UNCND
UNCHR
USAU
UNICEF
USPS
UNOMIG
UNESCOSCULPRELPHUMKPALCUIRXFVEKV
UR
UNFICYP
UNCITRAL
UNAMA
UNVIE
USTDA
USNC
UNCSD
USCC
UNEF
UNGAPL
USSC
UNMIC
UNTAC
UNCLASSIFIED
USDA
UNCTAD
USGS
UNFPA
UNSE
USOAS
UE
UAE
UNCHS
UNDESCO
UNC
UNSCS
UKXG
UNGACG
UNHR
UNBRO
UNCHC
UNFCYP
UNIDROIT
WHTI
WIPO
WTRO
WHO
WTO
WMO
WFP
WEET
WS
WE
WA
WHA
WBG
WILLIAM
WI
WSIS
WCL
WEBZ
WZ
WW
WWBG
WMD
WWT
WMN
WWARD
WITH
WTRQ
WCO
WEU
WB
WBEG
Browse by classification
Community resources
courage is contagious
Viewing cable 09GUANGZHOU10, Black Pearl - The Threat of Water Pollution to Guangdong's
If you are new to these pages, please read an introduction on the structure of a cable as well as how to discuss them with others. See also the FAQs
Understanding cables
Every cable message consists of three parts:
- The top box shows each cables unique reference number, when and by whom it originally was sent, and what its initial classification was.
- The middle box contains the header information that is associated with the cable. It includes information about the receiver(s) as well as a general subject.
- The bottom box presents the body of the cable. The opening can contain a more specific subject, references to other cables (browse by origin to find them) or additional comment. This is followed by the main contents of the cable: a summary, a collection of specific topics and a comment section.
Discussing cables
If you find meaningful or important information in a cable, please link directly to its unique reference number. Linking to a specific paragraph in the body of a cable is also possible by copying the appropriate link (to be found at theparagraph symbol). Please mark messages for social networking services like Twitter with the hash tags #cablegate and a hash containing the reference ID e.g. #09GUANGZHOU10.
Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin |
---|---|---|---|---|
09GUANGZHOU10 | 2009-01-08 09:14 | 2011-08-23 00:00 | UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY | Consulate Guangzhou |
VZCZCXRO2017
RR RUEHCN RUEHGH
DE RUEHGZ #0010/01 0080914
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
R 080914Z JAN 09
FM AMCONSUL GUANGZHOU
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC 0092
INFO RUEHBJ/AMEMBASSY BEIJING 0036
RUEHGH/AMCONSUL SHANGHAI 0007
RUEHCN/AMCONSUL CHENGDU 0007
RUEHSH/AMCONSUL SHENYANG 0007
RUEHHK/AMCONSUL HONG KONG 0015
RUEHGZ/CHINA POSTS COLLECTIVE 0043
RUCPDOC/DEPT OF COMMERCE WASHINGTON DC 0032
RUEATRS/DEPT OF TREASURY WASHINGTON DC 0028
RHMFIUU/HQ EPA WASHINGTON DC 0005
RUEAIIA/CIA WASHDC 0043
RUEKJCS/DIA WASHDC 0043
RHHMUNA/CDR USPACOM HONOLULU HI//J00/J2/J3/J5// 0006
UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 05 GUANGZHOU 000010
SENSITIVE
SIPDIS
STATE FOR EAP/CM AND OES/PCI
EPA FOR OFFICE OF INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS
E.O. 12958: N/A
TAGS: SENV ECON EAGR CH
SUBJECT: Black Pearl - The Threat of Water Pollution to Guangdong's
Future
(U) This document is sensitive but unclassified. Please protect
accordingly. Not for release outside U.S. government channels. Not
for internet publication.
Ref: A) Guangzhou 712, B) Guangzhou 212
¶1. (SBU) Summary: The following is neither an overstatement nor is
it hyperbole. It is a fact. The contaminated waters of the Pearl
River and other water sources in Guangdong are as serious a threat
to the region's health and economic sustainability as the decline in
exports, the closure of small and medium enterprises and the
increasing utilization of land for nonproductive reasons. According
to one study, more than ten percent of drinking water sources in the
province failed to meet Chinese standards -- 24 percent in Guangzhou
alone; local experts say these figures likely underestimate the
severity of the problem. Only about 50 percent of Guangzhou's
sewage is treated. Government efforts to ensure safe drinking water
and minimize health related incidents fall well short as they do not
adequately address elevated levels of contamination for organic
compounds, nitrogen, pesticide residues, heavy metals and other
toxic substances. Water must be piped long distances because closer
resources are too contaminated, oft-times the result of waste
discharge being close to drinking water plants. Smaller rivers and
Pearl River tributaries are especially vulnerable and groundwater
and river sediment are highly contaminated. While it is hard to
assess the impact of water pollution on human health here, it is
clear that local residents in some heavily polluted areas are
already displaying the effects including cancers, bone diseases and
other disorders stemming from exposure to high levels of arsenic,
cadmium and other toxins. Serious steps are needed to address these
looming health issues, but no comprehensive strategy has yet been
devised. End summary.
An Abundant Resource, Heavily Abused
------------------------------------
¶2. (U) Water is plentiful in the Pearl River Delta (PRD). The delta
is formed by the confluence of three major rivers which run into the
South China Sea, with an average annual water flow of about 336.2
billion cubic meters. The area is also rich in rainfall, with
annual precipitation of 1600-2200 millimeters.
¶3. (U) However, after 30 years of rapid development and population
growth, water quality has dramatically deteriorated. Agriculture,
mining, logging, shipping and household waste have all taken their
toll, but industrial waste has been particularly devastating. Many
small, inefficient factories are spread out geographically, which
means pollution is widespread and hard to control or mitigate.
According to one report, there are 18,300 petrochemical factories in
Guangzhou and 70% of them are located around the Pearl River. About
6,000 of them discharge more than 100 tons of waste water annually.
Zhang Hongou, Director of the Guangzhou Institute of Geography, has
predicted that pollution will lead to a drinking water shortage of
1.8 billion cubic meters (or 32 percent of demand) in Guangdong by
¶2010.
Even Official Data Show Severity of Problem
-------------------------------------------
¶4. (SBU) Officially released studies confirm that the level of water
contamination in the Pearl River system is alarming. According to a
2007 provincial government report on the state of Guangdong
environmental protection, more than ten percent of monitoring
samples taken from drinking water sources in the Pearl River Delta
failed to meet the Chinese government's standards for acceptable
levels of contamination. Guangzhou and Shenzhen had the highest
percentages among Guangdong cities of samples that failed to meet
Chinese standards at 24% and 17% respectively. Another study, not
limited to drinking water sources, showed that samples from 35% of
111 sections of major rivers in Guangdong were polluted. Among
them, 12.6, 8.1 and 14.4 percent were mildly, moderately and heavily
polluted, respectively. For Guangdong as a whole, monitoring data
from major river estuaries leading to the South China Sea indicated
that 42.7% were polluted. According to an expert familiar with the
monitoring system, water pollution data in the PRD would reflect
more severe contamination if the monitoring sites were more
GUANGZHOU 00000010 002 OF 005
representative and if more pollutants were analyzed.
Major Pollutants - Sewage, Heavy Metals, Fertilizer
--------------------------------------------- ------
¶5. (SBU) According to a Guangzhou municipal government report, the
city's total waste water discharge in 2007 was about 6.9 billion
tons with 64.4% from residential sewage. Only about 50% of the
city's sewage is treated. The discharges of organic compounds as
measured by chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrogen, industrial toxic
substances (volatile phenols, cyanide, arsenic, lead, mercury,
cadmium and chromium) and petroleum compounds were 1,017,300;
120,000; 53 and 367 tons, respectively. (Note: Measurements of
pollution are often treated as state secrets, and one knowledgeable
contact told us that these figures are too low. End note.)
Pesticide pollution and eutrophication are also serious problems due
to abusive application of the pesticides and chemical fertilizers in
agriculture. Agriculture accounts for 70% of nitrogen pollution and
50% of phosphorous pollution in the PRD. Nitrate, nitrite, heavy
metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) pollution are all
high. A 1999 Zhongshan University study of heavy metal
concentrations in muscle tissue of fish in three different Pearl
River Delta estuaries showed that 45, 50 and 44 percent of samples
exceeded Chinese standards for zinc, lead and arsenic, respectively.
Drinking Water - Government Efforts Failing So Far
--------------------------------------------- -----
¶6. (U) Governments at various levels in Guangdong have pledged to
ensure the quality of drinking water in the province, but their
efforts have not succeeded due to widespread of contamination of
soil, local rivers and other surface waters and the continuous
discharge of the industrial and residential waste water. On October
28, 2008, following an inspection of drinking water facilities, Wang
Yang, Guangdong's Party Secretary, said that he would make sure that
people had clean water to drink. During the inspection, Zhang Hu,
Director of the Guangdong Department of Water Management,
acknowledged that the west channel of the Pearl River - the drinking
water source for the Shimen water plant that was the site of the
visit - was polluted with domestic sewage, industrial waste water
and chemical fertilizers.
¶7. (SBU) According to Pan Dalin, vice director of the Environment
and Resource Protection Committee of the Guangdong People's
Congress, many cities have to spend large amounts of money to get
water from faraway locations because sources closer in are too
heavily polluted. For example, because of heavy contamination in
the section of the Pearl River that runs through Guangzhou, the city
pipes in water from the Shunde channel and the Dongjiang River more
than 10 kilometers away. Guangdong Department of Water Management
officials told us that water quality is regularly monitored by
various measures and treated to make sure drinking water is safe.
But they admitted that this is only applied effectively at the large
drinking water plants in Guangzhou. The officials also said that
they must resort to using polluted sources during droughts and other
water shortages. In 2008, in the Zhong Luotan area of Guangzhou, 41
residents suffered severe nitrite poisoning symptoms because
drinking water was contaminated by industrial waster water.
¶8. (U) Efforts to ensure safe drinking water outside of Guangdong's
major cities also fall short. As in Zhong Luotan, 128 residents of
Yangjiang Municipality in southern Guangdong exhibited nausea,
vomiting and other symptoms in 2008 due to nitrite contamination in
drinking water. In Chikan town, in nearby Jiangmen Municipality,
untreated waste water discharge from a factory with an
electroplating workshop forced the closure of a drinking water plant
in 2008. Water had to be trucked in for 50,000 residents for five
days. The factory's waste discharge outlet was just 100 meters away
from the inlet of the drinking water plant.
¶9. (U) In addition to chronic sources of water pollution, industrial
accidents and other environmental incidents have repeatedly caused
severe levels of contamination in drinking water sources. One
researcher found that among 28 (officially-reported) drinking water
contamination incidents in China between 2001 and 2008, six occurred
GUANGZHOU 00000010 003 OF 005
in Guangdong. Examples of recent incidents include the following:
--In September 2008, 20-30 tons of fish in the Liuxi River in
Guangzhou municipality died due to water contamination. According
to government monitoring data, water quality of the Liuxi River, a
major source for drinking water, meets Chinese standards. According
to local residents, large numbers of dead fish can be found in this
section of the river three to four times per year. Many residents
blame industrial pollution from upstream factories.
-- In 2005, a government-owned lead and zinc smelter, the third
largest in China, illegally discharged cadmium-contaminated
wastewater into the Beijiang River during "an overhaul of
equipment." The contamination increased concentrations of cadmium
in the drinking water source for thousands of residents to more than
10 times the Chinese national standard for drinking water.
Smaller Rivers - Vulnerable and Suffering
-----------------------------------------
¶10. (SBU) Smaller rivers and Pearl River tributaries are
particularly vulnerable because lower water flow levels mean
pollution is less easily diluted. In addition to the Pearl River,
there are 231 smaller rivers in Guangzhou Municipality with a
combined length of 913 kilometers. Due to untreated industrial and
residential waste, many are badly polluted with black discoloration,
foul odors and thick sediment that often contain toxic chemicals.
The municipal government has acknowledged this problem and allotted
more than USD 250 million to clean up 69 rivers totaling 121
kilometers in length. However, Zhao Sun, vice director of the
Guangzhou Department of Water Resources told us that water quality
measurements of rivers that are targeted by the program had shown
basically no improvement, even though the city had built four waste
water treatment plants and laid 763 kilometers of sewage pipes since
¶1997. One contact said the program had been hampered by corruption
and pointed out that wastewater discharge was still high.
¶11. (U) The mayor of Guangzhou, Zhang Guangning, has announced a
major effort to clean up the heavily polluted rivers ahead of the
Guangzhou-hosted 2010 Asia Games. The city will reportedly budget
USD 5.8 billion for water resource management. Zhang said he would
hold party secretaries and other district-level top officials
responsible for cleaning up the rivers, announcing that they would
swim in local rivers, just as he himself swims across the Pearl
River every year to show its improved water quality. (Note: Zhang
did acknowledge that this year's swim was in waters more polluted
than in previous years, though he did not offer any explanation why.
End Note.)
¶12. (U) Some examples of smaller rivers with particularly serious
levels of contamination include:
--The Shijing River - On October 22, 2008, local media reported that
deep-black water stretching for several kilometers from the Shijing
River had flowed into the Pearl River, emitting a foul odor as the
stronger currents of the Pearl stirred up the contaminated sediment
in the Shijing. Local residents complained that this phenomenon had
occurred many times over the last two years.
--The Guanlan and Shima Rivers - Local residents call the Guanlan
River in Shenzhen and Shima River in Dongguan the black dragon
rivers due to discoloration from industrial and residential waste.
Zhang Lijun, former vice minister of China's State Environmental
Protection Administration (forerunner of the Ministry of
Environmental of Protection), was reportedly shocked by the scale
and magnitude of pollution in the two rivers on a January 2007 trip
to Dongguan to inspect emissions. Even after mitigation efforts
lasting several years and costing billions of renminbi, water
quality in the two rivers is still poor. The rivers' flows into the
Dongjiang River had to be disrupted to prevent pollutants from
contaminating an important source of the drinking water for
Guangzhou, Hong Kong and other cities.
--The Hengshui River - Researchers from South China Agricultural
University in Guangzhou reported that even after diluting samples
from the Hengshui River by a factor of 10,000, contamination was
GUANGZHOU 00000010 004 OF 005
still too high for aquatic life to survive in it for more than 24
hours. During periods of heavy rainfall, the toxic waters of the
Hengshui extend as far as 100 to 200 kilometers downstream. Under
normal river-flow conditions, polluted waters typically extend
nearly 50 kilometers downstream.
Groundwater Contaminated Too
----------------------------
¶13. (U) A 2006 survey by the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences'
Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology determined that
groundwater in the PRD is also contaminated with heavy metals,
organic chemicals, volatile phenols, nitrate, pesticides and other
pollutants. The problem is more severe near industrial zones and
heavily polluted rivers. One report from a Guangdong research
institute indicated that lead concentrations of up to 0.15 parts per
million (PPM) have been found in the province's well water. This is
at least 15 times the level permitted by China's drinking water
standards.
Sediment - What's Left Behind
-----------------------------
¶14. (U) The sediment underneath Guangdong's polluted surface waters
has also shown extremely high concentrations of heavy metals, PAHs,
pesticides and other pollutants. One study of sediments in 18
smaller rivers in Guangzhou showed that average concentrations for
arsenic, cadmium, mercury, lead, and chromium were 24.7, 3.0, 0.7,
121.3, and 104.4, mg/kg respectively. The average concentrations of
arsenic and cadmium were 9 and 53 times higher than background
concentrations. The maximum concentrations identified in the study
samples were 34.7 mg/kg for arsenic and 4.8 mg/kg for cadmium. In
comparison, a 2008 EPA proposal to address arsenic-tainted soil in
Minnesota called for clean-up of all soil with concentrations higher
than 25 mg/kg. These river sediments are still used in some areas
as organic fertilizers leading the further soil contamination.
Clean-up of contaminated sediment is particularly challenging; in
the PRD it would take years and large amounts of resources.
Future Mitigation Programs Face Obstacles
-----------------------------------------
¶15. (U) Some senior officials in Guangdong appreciate the severity
of water pollution in the province and are serious about taking
measures to reduce it. Party Secretary Wang Yang's economic
strategy for the province -- the "double transfer" policy -- is
aimed in part at controlling environmental pollution. Overall, the
"double transfer" policy seeks to move labor-intensive, less
efficient and heavily polluting industries out of the Pearl River
Delta to less developed parts of Guangdong Province to make room for
high-tech, high value-added and service industries. As heavily
polluting enterprises are moved, the government claims it will try
to collocate them in special zones to make monitoring and mitigation
easier and more efficient. Some of these types of zones have
already been established (ref B).
¶16. (SBU) However, many local experts believe water pollution will
continue to be a severe problem in the PRD for the near- and
medium-term despite such efforts due to the following factors:
--Large number of inefficient factories.
--High percentage (50%) of residential sewage discharged without
treatment.
--Low efficiency of existing sewage treatment facilities.
--Corruption among environmental monitoring officials.
--High levels of soil contamination that will continue to migrate
into to water sources (ref A)
--Sediment contamination will continue to affect surface water even
if other sources of pollution are mitigated.
--Solid industrial waste which will continue to migrate into water
sources, especially after flooding.
--Low level of commitment from local officials focused on near term
results
--Continuing high levels of pollution from agricultural pesticide
and chemical fertilizer run-off.
--Lack of openness with environmental data.
GUANGZHOU 00000010 005 OF 005
A Critical Challenge for Guangdong
----------------------------------
¶17. (SBU) Comment: Drinking water is a major pathway for many
pollutants and thus water pollution is a critical factor in human
cumulative exposure to harmful chemicals. Because there are no
comprehensive studies of cumulative exposure in the PRD, it's hard
to assess the impact of water pollution on human health here. But
it's clear that, for the population of the PRD and elsewhere in
Guangdong, water pollution is greatly increasing human exposure to
many harmful pollutants such as heavy metals, PAHs and pesticide
residues. In addition, the polluted water will further contaminate
soil, vegetables, livestock and seafood through irrigation, flooding
and food chains, leading to even higher cumulative exposure. Local
residents in some heavily polluted areas already display serious
health effects, including cancers, bone diseases, and water
poisoning from arsenic, cadmium and other toxins. Further studies
would likely reveal more long-term effects. This problem will only
worsen as economic and population growth continue if major action is
not taken to address this serious threat to health and economic
sustainability in Guangdong. End comment.
GOLDBERG