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Viewing cable 09TASHKENT22, UZBEKISTAN: TIP PUBLIC AWARENESS CAMPAIGN CONTINUES;
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Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin |
---|---|---|---|---|
09TASHKENT22 | 2009-01-07 12:07 | 2011-08-24 01:00 | UNCLASSIFIED | Embassy Tashkent |
VZCZCXRO4412
RR RUEHDBU RUEHIK RUEHLN RUEHPOD RUEHSK RUEHVK RUEHYG
DE RUEHNT #0022/01 0071202
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
R 071207Z JAN 09
FM AMEMBASSY TASHKENT
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC 0206
INFO CIS COLLECTIVE
NATO EU COLLECTIVE
RHEFDIA/DIA WASHINGTON DC
RHEHAAA/NSC WASHINGTON DC
RUEAIIA/CIA WASHINGTON DC
RUEHGV/USMISSION GENEVA 0054
RUEHIL/AMEMBASSY ISLAMABAD 0078
RUEHKA/AMEMBASSY DHAKA 0070
RUEHKT/AMEMBASSY KATHMANDU 0067
RUEHLM/AMEMBASSY COLOMBO 0070
RUEHNE/AMEMBASSY NEW DELHI 0078
RUEHNT/AMEMBASSY TASHKENT
RUEHVEN/USMISSION USOSCE 0054
RUEKJCS/SECDEF WASHDC
UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 06 TASHKENT 000022
SIPDIS SIPDIS
DEPT FOR SCA, DRL, AND G/TIP
G/TIP FOR MEGAN HALL
E.O. 12958: N/A
TAGS: PHUM ECON ELAB KCRM KTIP KWMN PGOV PREL SOCI KZ RS UZ
SUBJECT: UZBEKISTAN: TIP PUBLIC AWARENESS CAMPAIGN CONTINUES;
CONVICTIONS REPORTED
REF: a) 08 TASHKENT 1380; 08 TASHKENT 987; 08 TASHKENT 1227
¶1. (U) Summary: In the past few months, the government has
continued a wide-ranging public awareness campaign on
trafficking-in-persons (TIP) in the government-controlled mass
media (ref A and B). Conducting a relatively non-extensive survey,
poloff uncovered more than 70 separate TIP-related stories which
appeared on Uzbek television and in state-controlled newspapers and
websites between approximately mid-September and the end of
December. The stories, which were aimed at raising the awareness
of Uzbek citizens about the dangers of trafficking-in-persons,
reported convictions of alleged traffickers, efforts by government
bodies to counter human trafficking and assist victims, and
specific cases of individuals trafficked for both labor and sexual
exploitations. Presumably, more stories ran in the
state-controlled media that poloff did not stumble across. In
addition, poloff has observed TIP advertisements on Uzbek
television featuring emergency hotline numbers operated by
independent anti-TIP NGOs and a prominently displayed billboard on
TIP that has recently appeared in downtown Tashkent. The TIP
public awareness campaign has been remarked upon by several
observers and appears to have increased TIP awareness among Uzbek
citizens. Considering the extreme reluctance of state-controlled
media to run any stories that show Uzbekistan in a negative light,
the government's TIP public awareness campaign is nothing less than
extraordinary. End summary.
REPORTS ON RECENT TIP-RELATED CONVICTIONS
-----------------------------------------
¶2. (U) Over the past several months, the state-controlled media
reported that at least 12 alleged traffickers have been convicted
and imprisoned for TIP-related offences. There was a noticeable
increase in the number of convictions reported after the passage of
criminal code amendments in September which strengthened penalties
against traffickers. Some of the media reports did not provide
full information about the cases, such as name of convicted
traffickers or the length of their sentences. Presumably, there
were additional reports of convictions in the local media that
poloff did not see, as well as convictions that were not reported
in the media.
¶3. (U) On December 23, the Uzbek National News Agency website
reported that Nukus-resident Samandar Eshboyev was recently
convicted of trafficking 13 individuals abroad for labor
exploitation. The individuals reportedly had their passports
seized and were forced to work at construction sites and live in
poor conditions.
¶4. (U) On November 20, the state-controlled Russian-language
Norodnoye Slovo newspaper, as well its Uzbek-language equivalent
Khalq Sozi, reported that Nukus resident Nurlan Bakimbetov was
sentenced to five years' imprisonment for trafficking Uzbek
citizens to Kazakhstan for the purpose of labor exploitation. He
was also ordered to pay 100,000 soums (73 dollars) in damages to
each victim. Bakimbetov reportedly collaborated with a Kazakh
accomplice, Dostom, to traffic 14 men to Kazakhstan. The article
reported that the men were forced to work under poor conditions and
hand their salaries over to Bakimbetov, who earned 2 million soums
(1,500 dollars) from the scheme.
¶5. (U) On November 13, the state-controlled Kuch Aolatda newspaper
TASHKENT 00000022 002 OF 006
reported that a court in Tashkent sentenced an unnamed resident of
Surkhundarya province to six years' imprisonment for human
trafficking.
¶6. (U) On October 9, the state-controlled Diyonat newspaper
reported that Namangan resident Ayubkhon Narsriddinov was
imprisoned for trafficking seven Namangan residents to Kazakhstan
for the purpose of labor exploitation. The report does not mention
the length of Nasriddinov's sentence. The individuals were
reportedly forced to work for six months in Kazakhstan under poor
conditions and without pay.
¶7. (U) On October 8, the Russian Regnum news agency reported that
the Chilonzor district criminal court in Tashkent convicted Ilhom
Yusupov and three female accomplices of trafficking 20 women from
Uzbekistan to Kazakhstan and sentenced them to between 10 to 14
years' imprisonment under criminal code article 135 (human
trafficking). According to the article, the criminal group received
300,000 soums (230 dollars) from their Kazakhstani accomplices for
each woman that was trafficked (ref C).
¶8. (U) The Russian news agency Regnum reported on September 19
that Ikrom Teshaboyev was sentenced by a court in Namangan
province's Chortoq district to five years' imprisonment for human
trafficking. Teshaboyev had reportedly lured Uzbek citizens to
Russia with promises of finding work in Saint Petersburg that paid
between 500 to 1,000 dollars a month. Instead, the victims were
reportedly forced to work under poor conditions after Teshaboyev
seized their passports and stole about 6,000 dollars in wages from
them. The court also ruled that Teshaboyev should pay 7,840,000
soums (about 6,000 dollars) in damages to the victims. The article
specifically noted that Teshaboyev had been convicted under the new
criminal code amendments.
¶9. (U) On September 19, Uzbekistan's First Television Channel
reported that two women from the Ferghana Valley were recently
imprisoned for trafficking in persons. One of the women, Sanobar
Abdullayeva from Ferghana City, was sentenced to three years'
imprisonment for trafficking two Uzbek women to Dubai for sexual
exploitation. The other woman, Ziyoda Sotvoldiyeva from Kokand,
was imprisoned for two years for trafficking Uzbek women abroad for
sexual exploitation (the destination was not reported). The report
also included interviews with three of the victims, whose
identities were protected. The Ferghana City prosecutor, Bobur
Dehqunov, also warned viewers not to fall victim to traffickers.
¶10. (U) On August 15, the Khalq Sozi newspaper reported that an
unnamed resident of Shakhrihon district of Andijon province was
convicted of human trafficking.
REPORTS ON TIP-RELATED TRIALS AND ARRESTS
-----------------------------------------
¶11. (U) The state-controlled press also reported on TIP-related
arrests and trials whose results are currently unknown. On
December 16, the Narodnoye Slovo newspaper reported that criminal
charges had been brought against "a number of people" for human
trafficking in Khorezm province. The unnamed individuals were
TASHKENT 00000022 003 OF 006
accused of trafficking men to Kazakhstan for labor exploitation and
women to Kazakhstan and India for sexual exploitation.
¶12. (U) On December 2, the Khalq Sozi newspaper reported that
Uzbek law enforcement had arrested "a group of three men and one
woman" for trafficking two Uzbek women into Kazakhstan for sexual
exploitation. The group was reportedly paid 30,000 Kazakh tenge
(250 dollars) for each victim. Interestingly enough, the story
appears to have been first reported by the independent Uznews.net
website (operated by an exiled Uzbek independent journalist) on
December 1. The Uznews.net article reported that one of the group,
Batyr, identified victims, who were then taken on "first dates" to
a local cafe in Tashkent by another accomplice, a 25-year old man
named Faruh. There another accomplice, a 38-year old woman named
Hurshida, drugged the victims by giving them soft drinks mixed with
psychotropic agents. The gang then reportedly drove the victims to
the border with Kazakhstan, where another accomplice named Ahmed
brought them across the border and sold them to brothels in
Kazakhstan (Note: The Kazakh border is only a 20-minute drive from
downtown Tashkent. End note.) The article quoted MVD investigator
Alisher Kamalov as stating that authorities had so far identified
eight victims, but suspected more might have been trafficked.
Kamalov also reported that the investigation was hampered by the
unwillingness of victims to cooperate with the police, as they
feared being condemned as prostitutes by friends and family and
feared retaliation by the traffickers.
¶13. (U) On November 14, the Narodnoye Slovo newspaper reported
that criminal cases have been recently launched against 19
suspected human traffickers in Surkhundarya province.
¶14. (U) On November 8, the state-controlled Jamiyat newspaper
carried an article by Qahramon Kholmurodov, a judge from Jizzakh
province, who reported that three individuals had recently been put
on trial in his province for trafficking residents to Kazakhstan
for the purpose of labor exploitation.
REPORTS ON GOVERNMENT ANTI-TIP EFFORTS
--------------------------------------
¶15. (U) Many of the TIP-related programs and articles in the
state-controlled media reported on government efforts to combat TIP
and raise awareness among ordinary Uzbeks about the dangers of
being trafficked for both labor and sexual exploitation. Several
of the articles reported on national and provincial level officials
holding roundtables on combating trafficking, assisting victims,
and conducting public awareness campaigns in all of Uzbekistan's
provinces. Other articles focused on the specifics of individual
TIP cases. Almost all of the articles and programs warned citizens
about the dangers of becoming victims. Below is just a sample of
the more interesting articles.
¶16. (U) On December 25, the state-controlled Ozbekistan Ovozi
newspaper reported that the national interagency commission to
fight human trafficking recently held a meeting at the Ministry of
Interior to discuss the efforts of provincial-level anti-TIP
commissions in 2008. Under an anti-TIP National Action Plan
adopted by the government in July, the interagency commission is
required to meet at least quarterly to address trafficking issues
and oversee implementation of national and regional activities to
TASHKENT 00000022 004 OF 006
raise awareness, protect victims, and modify legislation.
¶17. (U) On December 20, Uzbek Television First Channel broadcasted
a program about a former police major from Bukhara province, Furqat
Kamoliddinov, who allegedly trafficked 28 persons from his region
to Russia for labor exploitation. The program also showed street
billboards and posters at airports warning about human trafficking,
and also explained procedures about how citizens can find legal
employment abroad.
¶18. (U) On December 4, the state-controlled XXI Asr newspaper
reported that Bahodir Yangiboyev, the head of the anti-TIP
commission in Uzbekistan's Autonomous Republic of Karakalpakstan,
reported that human trafficking was on the rise in Karakalpakstan,
noting an increase in the number of TIP-related criminal cases in
¶2008. Yangiboyev also criticized the performance of police on the
issue. On September 10, Tashkent's state-controlled Kuch Adolatda
newspaper also reported that the number of human trafficking cases
in Uzbekistan was increasing. The articles are particularly
interesting as state-controlled newspapers almost never report
negative information about Uzbekistan.
¶19. (U) On November 26, the state-controlled Mahalla newspaper
reported that officials conducted a TIP-related public awareness
campaign in Khorezm province, which involved law enforcement
officials visiting mahallas (neighborhoods), education
establishments, private companies and public organizations to warn
locals about the dangers of TIP.
¶20. (U) On November 14, the Jamiyat newspaper carried an interview
with Foreign Labor Migration Agency head Gafurjon Usmonov, who
warned readers about falling victim to human traffickers and
explained how his agency could assist Uzbeks find legal employment
abroad, including in South Korea, Russia, and Poland.
¶21. (U) On November 13, the state-controlled Narodnoye Slovo
newspaper reported that the Prosecutor General's Office, the
Women's Committee, the national association of NGOs, and UNDP held
a seminar in Tashkent to discuss the role of NGOs in fighting human
trafficking and assisting victims.
¶22. (U) On September 29, the Jahon news agency reported that the
National Academic Drama Theater of Uzbekistan in Tashkent staged a
play entitled "Bitter Repentance," which focused on the plight of
TIP victims. The play was written by two local playwrights, T.
Makhmudov and D. Makhmudova, who were assisted by the Tashkent City
Prosecutor's office and the Tashkent City Criminal Court.
TIP-RELATED TV ADVERTISEMENTS AND BILLBOARDS
--------------------------------------------
¶23. (U) Poloff also has observed TIP-related commercials on Uzbek
television. While waiting for a long-delayed flight at the Nukus
airport in Karakalpakstan in November, poloff saw TIP-related
commercials repeatedly aired on Uzbek television during commercial
breaks. The advertisements warned viewers about the dangers of
TASHKENT 00000022 005 OF 006
becoming victims of trafficking for both sexual and labor
exploitation and displayed emergency hotline numbers in every
province operated by IOM's partner NGOs. The showing of the
commercials in Karakalpakstan is especially noteworthy, as the
region is Uzbekistan's poorest and is where many of the country's
TIP victims originate. Regular flights also leave directly from
Nukus to Moscow, which presumably include some TIP victims.
¶24. (U) While driving recently along Navoi street, one of
Tashkent's biggest thoroughfares, poloff noticed a rather large
billboard warning local residents about TIP that had been recently
erected. Previously, Emboffs also have noted TIP-related posters
at the Tashkent airport and other locations in the city.
PUBLIC AWARENESS CAMPAIGN APPEARS TO BE EFFECTIVE
--------------------------------------------- ----
¶25. (U) Several international observers working on human rights
issues in Uzbekistan have noticed and remarked upon the
government's anti-TIP campaign to poloff over the past few months.
For example, UNDP Deputy Director Kyoko Postil remarked that she
had never seen the government engage in such a wide-ranging human
rights-related campaign before and speculated that local
journalists must have been given free reign to report on the issue,
which they do not enjoy on nearly any other human rights issue
(though the press this fall also appears to have more freedom to
write on child labor as well). European diplomats have commented
that they wish they could see the same level of engagement the
government has displayed on TIP on other human rights-related
issues.
¶26. (U) The government's public awareness campaign appears to be
effective in raising the awareness of ordinary Uzbek citizens about
the dangers of TIP. Several ordinary Uzbeks have commented on the
campaign to poloff and have demonstrated a thorough grasp of the
issue. The somewhat awkward Russian-language term used for human
trafficking, "torgovli ludmi" (literally "trade in people"), which,
when previously used by poloff, used to elicit blank stares from
many Uzbeks, appears to have more thoroughly penetrated the local
lexicon this year. Local human rights activists also have taken
note of the campaign, and there has been a marked increase in their
reporting on TIP, an issue which they had largely ignored before
this year.
COMMENT
-------
¶27. (U) Considering the extreme reluctance of state-controlled
media to run stories that show Uzbekistan in anything less than an
absolutely glowing light, the government's recent TIP public
awareness campaign, which has included articles admitting that
human trafficking is a growing problem in Uzbekistan and noting
official shortcomings, is nothing less than extraordinary.
Especially noteworthy is the sheer number and variety of media
outlets involved, including Uzbek television and state-controlled
websites, and newspapers in every province of Uzbekistan. The
articles also demonstrate an increase in the number of TIP-related
convictions since the adoption of new criminal code amendments in
September and describe other anti-TIP efforts undertaken by the
TASHKENT 00000022 006 OF 006
government, some of which, such as the play conducted by the
National Academic Drama Theater of Uzbekistan, are truly quite
inventive. The public awareness campaign already appears to have
had some impact on raising the awareness of Uzbek citizens about
the dangers of TIP and how to avoid becoming victims, which
hopefully will result in their increased vigilance and a decrease
in the number of TIP cases in the future. As noted by other
foreign diplomats, if only we could get the government to engage so
thoroughly on other human rights-related issues as it has on TIP,
we would be well on our way to improving human rights in the
country. Nevertheless, most Uzbeks who become TIP victims are
seeking better economic prospects abroad, and until economic
conditions improve, especially in the country's more remote rural
regions like Karakalpakstan and Surkhundarya province, TIP is
likely to remain an issue in Uzbekistan.
NORLAND
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