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Viewing cable 09BRASILIA1239, HANDLING VISA REQUEST FROM BRAZILIAN INVOLVED IN
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Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin |
---|---|---|---|---|
09BRASILIA1239 | 2009-10-15 17:48 | 2011-07-11 00:00 | SECRET//NOFORN | Embassy Brasilia |
VZCZCXRO2382
OO RUEHRG
DE RUEHBR #1239/01 2881748
ZNY SSSSS ZZH
O 151748Z OCT 09 ZDS
FM AMEMBASSY BRASILIA
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 5218
INFO RUEHRG/AMCONSUL RECIFE IMMEDIATE 0017
RUEHRI/AMCONSUL RIO DE JANEIRO IMMEDIATE 8278
RUEHSO/AMCONSUL SAO PAULO IMMEDIATE 4644
RHMCSUU/FBI WASHINGTON DC
S E C R E T SECTION 01 OF 04 BRASILIA 001239
C O R R E C T E D COPY - ADDING ADDRESSEE
NOFORN
SIPDIS
DEPARTMENT FOR WHA AND CA
E.O. 12958: DECL: 10/14/2019
TAGS: PREL PTER CVIS BR
SUBJECT: HANDLING VISA REQUEST FROM BRAZILIAN INVOLVED IN
THE 1969 KIDNAPPING OF THE U.S. AMBASSADOR
BRASILIA 00001239 001.2 OF 004
Classified By: Charge d' Affaires, a.i. Lisa Kubiske, reason: 1.4 (b) a
nd (d)
¶1. (U) This is an action request--see paras 2 and 10.
¶2. (C) Summary and Action Request: Consulate General Sao
Paulo on October 6 issued a visa to Paulo de Tarso Venceslau,
who after the fact was identified in Brazilian media as one
of the kidnappers of the U.S. Ambassador to Brazil in 1969,
sparking speculation of a change in U.S. policy toward the
former guerillas under the Obama Administration. CG Sao
Paulo, which still has possession of Venceslau,s passport,
reports that Venceslau omitted disclosure of his arrest and
imprisonment for his involvement in the kidnapping on his
visa application. Cancellation of the visa, which would be
the standard course of action, will likely lead to
significant and negative reaction in the Brazilian media at a
time when both official Brazilians and the public are
considering new possibilities for U.S.-Brazil relations. In
light of the distance from the crime, the circumstances under
which it took place, and our desire for a forward-looking
relationship, now might be the time to consider waiving
ineligibilities. At the same time, issuance of a visa, with
attendant waiver of ineligibilities, would set a precedent
for others who participated in the kidnapping, including a
prominent federal deputy and a government minister, and might
have implications for broader U.S. policy and messaging on
terrorism. CG Sao Paulo will interview Venceslau on Monday,
October 19. Mission requests urgent guidance from the
Department on whether to undertake discussions with Venceslau
that might allow us to recommend a waiver of ineligibilities.
End summary.
--------------------------------------
U.S. AMBASSADOR KIDNAPPER IS ISSUED VISA, RUNS TO PRESS
--------------------------------------
¶3. (C) CG Sao Paulo on October 6 issued Venceslau a B2
tourism visa after no hits of any kind appeared on all
iterations of his name. Venceslau did not indicate on
question 38 of his DS-156 application that he had "ever been
arrested or convicted of any offense or crime, even though
subject of pardon." The visa was processed and placed into
the passport, but CG Sao Paulo remains in possession of the
passport.
¶4. (U) Reports in the October 9 and 10 Estado de Sao Paulo
and O Globo newspapers announced that Venceslau, after years
of frustrated attempts, had finally been issued a visa for
entry into the United States. Venceslau was quoted as saying,
"I never have had a great love for the United States," but
that he had always had an interest in seeing the life and
culture in the cities of New York, Chicago, and New Orleans.
Venceslau said he had tried three time in the last four
decades to get a visa at the Consulate in Sao Paulo but was
denied for being considered "a terrorist." Venceslau told the
paper that he immediately told old friends about his
"victory," including fellow kidnappers Fernando Gabeira (a
federal deputy from Rio de Janeiro) and Franklin Martins
(Lula,s Minister of Social Communications at the
presidency). Gabeira claimed to also have tried repeatedly,
but with no success, to obtain a visa and celebrated
Venceslau,s news by saying "this shows that the United
States is looking forward, leaving behind the animosities of
the past century" and joked "I thought this would only happen
with the President serving during the 100th anniversary of
the kidnapping." Martins said that while he is not
considering applying for a visa right now, he will consider
the idea. One article reports that Venceslau is due to
receive his passport and visa this week and that Venceslau is
not worried since "Obama just received the Nobel Peace prize.
It would look bad if he cancelled my passport." Another
newspaper reported Venceslau as saying "my only fear is that
there was been a mistake and that the Consulate will cancel
my visa. I would like to listen to jazz in Chicago but I
don,t believe in miracles."
--------------------------------------
THE 1969 U.S. AMBASSADOR KIDNAPPING AND PERPETRATORS
--------------------------------------
¶5. (U) U.S. Ambassador to Brazil Charles Elbrick was
kidnapped on September 4, 1969 by a Brazilian guerilla group
named Dissidencia Comunista Universitaria da Guanabara
(Communist Dissidence of the University of Guanabara) DI/GB.
Their goal, in which they succeeded, was to exchange the U.S.
Ambassador for the release of 15 political prisoners detained
by the military government then in power. One of the 15
BRASILIA 00001239 002.2 OF 004
prisoners released was Brazilian President Lula,s former
Chief of Staff, Jose Dirceu, who served under the first Lula
administration but had to resign after his involvement in the
"mensalao" (vote-buying) scandal in the Congress. During the
kidnapping, in an attempt to humiliate the military, they
called themselves the MR-8, which was a guerilla group the
military had recently boasted in the press it had
extinguished. They chose the U.S. Ambassador because he
represented "imperialist and North-American interests in our
country." Ambassador Elbrick was released on September 7
having suffered minor head trauma from being pistol whipped
during the kidnapping.
¶6. (S//NF) According to press reports and FBI archive
records, Paulo de Tarso Venceslau helped plan the details of
the kidnapping, was one of the passengers in the vehicle used
to block the Ambassador,s car, subdued the Ambassador,s
driver, and was one of the kidnappers who boarded the
Ambassador,s vehicle and took him into hiding. While the
Ambassador was held, Venceslau helped put together the list
of 15 political prisoners the group demanded be released. On
October 1, 1969 Venceslau was caught and imprisoned, without
trial, for his involvement in the kidnapping, according to
press reports. He was released in December 1974. Since
leaving prison he has been a leader in the PT (Worker,s
Party), worked for the city of Sao Paulo, and secretary for
the mayor,s office of Sao Jose dos Campos, Sao Paulo, and
Campinas. He is currently a businessman in the field of
communications. Venceslau was also put in jail for two to
three days in September 1966 for participating in illegal
student protests, according to press reports.
¶7. (S//NF) Most of the 12 kidnappers were convicted and
imprisoned within one year of the kidnapping. Following is
information available to post on the other identified
kidnappers and drawn from press reports and FBI archive
records:
-- Franklin de Souza Martins: Was one of the chief architects
of the kidnapping plot. Two months after the kidnapping he
fled to Cuba for guerilla training and only returned to
Brazil in 1973. He was never imprisoned. He is currently
serving in the Lula administration as the Minister of Social
Communications in the presidency, and has been discussed in
the press as a close advisor to Dilma Rousseff in her
anticipated run for the presidency next year. Based on
personal interest from President Lula, the Brazilian Ministry
of Foreign Relations (MRE) has intervened on his behalf in an
attempt to secure Martins a visa for entry into the United
States.
-- Cid Queroz Benjamin: Was one of the kidnappers in the car
that blocked the Ambassador,s vehicle. He was imprisoned in
April of 1970; he only served two months because he was
released as part of an exchange for the kidnapped German
Ambassador.
-- Vera Silvia Araujo de Magalhaes: Seduced the chief of
security at the Ambassador,s residence to obtain information
about the Ambassador,s car and schedule. She was imprisoned
in February of 1970 and was released four months later as
part of an exchange of the kidnapped German Ambassador.
-- Fernando Gabeira: Rented the house in which the Ambassador
was hidden during the kidnapping. He wrote the document that
was left in the Ambassador,s car after the kidnapping. He
was in the house when the Ambassador was brought there and
took the Ambassador,s messages to his wife and delivered the
list of the 15 political prisoners demanded in the exchange
for the Ambassador. He was shot by police and imprisoned in
January of 1970. He was also released during the exchange for
the kidnapped German Ambassador. Gabeira, who has publicly
repudiated his role in the kidnapping and has been critical
of hostage-taking by the FARC, is a prominent federal deputy
from Green Party in Rio de Janeiro.
-- Manoel Cyrillo de Oliveira Netto: Was the second in
command of the kidnapping operation and was one of the
subjects who physically kidnapped the Ambassador in his car.
He was imprisoned on September 31, 1969 and spent 10 years in
jail.
-- Sergio Rubens de Araujo Torres: Drove the car that
followed and help trap the Ambassador,s car.
-- Joao Lopes Salgado: Was never imprisoned but lived in
exile outside of Brazil until 1980. He provided cover for the
BRASILIA 00001239 003.2 OF 004
vehicles that were used in the kidnapping.
-- Claudio Torres da Silva: Drove all of the vehicles used to
transport the kidnapped Ambassador, both during the
kidnapping and for his release. He was the first of the
kidnappers to be caught and jailed on September 9, 1969, and
was released in 1977.
-- Jose Sebastiao Rios de Moura: Was the watchman during the
kidnapping who signaled the Ambassador,s departure from his
residence. He went into exile and only returned to Brazil in
¶1980. In 1983 he was shot dead by two men in suits and hats
on his way
home.
-- Joaquim Camara Ferreira: Was the chief negotiator with the
government during the kidnapping and stayed the entire time
in the house with Ambassador Elbrick. He was imprisoned on
October 24, 1970 and died hours later while being tortured.
-- Virgilio Gomes da Silva: Served as the chief commander of
the kidnapping operation. He was caught on September 29, 1969
and died the following day during a torture session.
--------------------------------------
POTENTIAL IMPLICATIONS AND REQUEST FOR ACTION
--------------------------------------
¶8. (C) CG Sao Paulo and Embassy Brasilia are in contact
separately with CA regarding the technical and legal aspects
of potential ineligibilities. CG Sao Paulo has an appointment
to interview Venceslau regarding these ineligibilities, and
particularly to verify reports (not officially confirmed)
that he was arrested and convicted of the crime, which he did
not acknowledge on his visa application (Note: In an initial
conversation with CG Sao Paulo on October 14, Venceslau
claimed that, as his crime was "political," he was not
obligated to do so "under Brazilian law." End note.) If
available information is correct, at a minimum he appears to
be ineligible under Section 212(a)(2)(A)(i) for Conviction of
Crimes Involving Moral Turpitude, as well as 6C1 for
misrepresenting a material fact. Other ineligibilities may
apply.
¶9. (C) Beyond the question of ineligibilities, Mission sees
broader implications resulting from a decision to either
cancel the visa with no additional action, or to pursue a
waiver. In our view, a minimum bar for granting Venceslau a
waiver would be public repudiation of the crime and of
kidnapping as a tactic. We have no evidence that Venceslau
has made such a renunciation and would have to seek it from
him. Assuming he were amenable to such a renunciation,
issuance of a visa to Venceslau upon receipt of a waiver
would set a precedent related to other kidnappers, at least
two of whom (Gabeira and Martins) are likely to apply in the
near future. While Gabeira has publicly renounced kidnapping
as a form of expression and has criticized the FARC for
engaging in kidnapping, Martins has pointedly refused to
express remorse for his actions, explaining that they were in
the context of a worthy political struggle. Mission also
sees potential implications in issuing the visa for broader
U.S. policy and messaging on terrorism, especially with
regard to USG officials.
¶10. (C) At the same time, with the new U.S. Administration,
both Brazilian officials and the public are considering new
possibilities for bilateral relations. President Obama,s
statements at the April Summit of the Americas regarding his
desire to build a new relationship with Latin America that
looks forward, rather than backward, resonated strongly in
Brazil. Although cancelation of his visa will be
straightforward as a consular matter, it is likely to
generate significant negative press that calls into question
whether U.S. policy toward Latin America has changed, and to
have repercussions in official circles where a number of
senior officials and elite are linked to the case either
directly (e.g., Gabeira and Martins) or indirectly (e.g.,
Human Rights Minister Paulo Vannuchi, who is linked with
Venceslau as a political prisoner, and senior PT official
Jose Direceu, who was released by the military government as
a result of the kidnapping). When considered with the fact
that 40 years has passed since the kidnapping and the
political nature of the opposition to the military regime,
these factors suggest pursuing a waiver of ineligibilities as
a way to promote a forward-looking bilateral relationship.
¶11. (C) Action request: In light of the political and media
sensitivities, Mission requests guidance from the Department
BRASILIA 00001239 004.2 OF 004
on an urgent basis, and ideally prior the October 19 meeting
with Venceslau, as to whether to initiate discussions with
Venceslau that might allow for a recommendation to waive
ineligibilities.
KUBISKE