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Viewing cable 09KABUL2179, Ambassador Wayne and SRAP Staff Meetings with Afghan
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Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin |
---|---|---|---|---|
09KABUL2179 | 2009-08-03 13:34 | 2011-08-24 01:00 | UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY | Embassy Kabul |
VZCZCXRO3318
PP RUEHDBU RUEHIK RUEHPOD RUEHPW RUEHSL RUEHYG
DE RUEHBUL #2179/01 2151334
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
P 031334Z AUG 09
FM AMEMBASSY KABUL
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 0576
INFO RUEATRS/DEPT OF TREASURY WASHINGTON DC 0865
RUCNAFG/AFGHANISTAN COLLECTIVE
RUEHZG/NATO EU COLLECTIVE
RUEABND/DEA HQS WASHINGTON DC
RUCPDOC/DEPT OF COMMERCE WASHINGTON DC
UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 03 KABUL 002179
DEPT FOR SRAP, SCA/FO, SCA/RA, AND SCA/A
DEPT PASS FOR AID/ASIA SCAA
DEPT PASS USTR FOR DELANEY AND DEANGELIS
DEPT PASS OPIC
DEPT PASS FOR TDA FOR STEIN AND GREENIP
USOECD FOR ENERGY ATTACHE
CENTCOM FOR CSTC-A
NSC FOR JJONES AND GSMITH
DASD FOR DSEDNEY
TREASURY FOR JCASAL, ABAUKOL, MNUGENT, AND AWELLER
COMMERCE FOR HAMROCK-MANN, DEES, CHOPPIN, AND FONOVICH
SENSITIVE
SIPDIS
E.O. 12958 N/A
TAGS: EFIN EAID ECON EAGR PGOV AF
SUBJECT: Ambassador Wayne and SRAP Staff Meetings with Afghan
Finance Minister Zakhilwal and Central Bank Governor Fitrat
REF: A) Kabul 2002, B) Kabul 2056
-------
SUMMARY
-------
¶1. (SBU) In a July 26 meeting with Finance Minister Zakhilwal,
Ambassador Wayne and SRAP staff praised successful efforts by the
GIRoA to increase revenue collection in Afghanistan and address
corruption. Zakhilwal said that donors should reward this progress
by channeling more aid through the central government budget. He
also made clear that direct budget support could be conditioned on
additional reform measures. Ambassador Wayne stressed the need to
demonstrate accountability as U.S. assistance to Afghanistan
increases and noted that the U.S. Mission has approved the
Ministry's request to receive direct budget support. Zakhilwal
mentioned that strengthening revenue collection is of primary
importance and that he has instituted a policy of zero tolerance for
corruption at the Ministry. He requested U.S. assistance in
increasing transparency, including help in strengthening the
government's internal audit function. In a separate meeting on July
27, Ambassador Wayne and SRAP staff met with Central Bank Governor
Fitrat to encourage expansion - and oversight - of mobile banking.
SRAP staff thanked Fitrat for his leadership on money service
provider (hawala) licensing and stressed the importance of continued
efforts in this area. Fitrat requested the Ambassador's support in
completing ongoing work to establish Afghan deposit insurance, build
a banking institute, and start an Afghan stock exchange to generate
long-term capital.
End Summary
-------------------------------------
FOCUS ON INCREASED REVENUE COLLECTION
-------------------------------------
¶2. (SBU) Ambassador Wayne and Mr. Rami Shy, who serves as U.S.
Treasury's representative to SRAP, opened the meeting with Finance
Minister Zakhilwal saying the U.S. was very encouraged by increased
customs and tax revenue collection. Zakhilwal noted that his team -
in the final month of the last fiscal year (SY 1387) - surpassed the
IMF revenue target by adopting strong measures (Note: The original
IMF revenue target was lowered and would note have been surpassed
otherwise. Importantly, however, Minister Zakhilwal's efforts at
the end of SY 1387 undoubtedly played a key role in exceeding the
lowered target. Moreover, these efforts helped set the conditions
for revenue collection progress in the current fiscal year). These
measures included dismissal of underperforming and corrupt
collection officials, instituting rewards for performing staff,
daily reporting, and prioritization of revenue collection across the
Ministry. He pointed out that these measures were continued into
the current fiscal year and as a result revenue year-over-year is up
more than 80%. Moreover, in the area of customs revenue, the
Government has doubled revenue collection year-over-year and
believes that even greater gains are possible. Importantly,
Minister Zakhilwal recently unveiled to donors a 'Revenue Action
Plan' that recommends further steps and should result in better
collection results if properly implemented and resourced. The
current IMF revenue collection target is Afs 51 billion (roughly USD
1 billion). If the Ministry of Finance maintains revenue collection
at its current pace, GIRoA will greatly exceed the IMF's target for
SY 1388. Comment: Enhanced revenue collection is also a result of
improved clarity on institutional arrangements of government
entities at the border. Earlier this year, the Ministry of Finance
gained agreement from the Ministry of Commerce and Industries to
implement an MOU that guaranteed Customs Officers unfettered access
to verify fuel imports at the state-owned Fuel and Liquid Gas
Enterprise (FLGE) facility in Hairatan. In mid-July, Ministers of
Finance and Interior signed an MOU in which they commit to enhancing
cooperation at the border. This will help to improve border
security as well as facilitate Customs officer's ability to fulfill
their mandate for revenue collection.
KABUL 00002179 002 OF 003
¶3. (SBU) Ambassador Wayne advised Zakhilwal that the U.S. Mission
has approved direct budget support to the Ministry of Finance to
fund at least 22 of the 55 priority technical advisory positions
with up to $30 million over two years (Reftel A). We intend to pilot
this initiative and work with UNAMA and other donors, and pursue
expanded support (based on successful performance of this pilot).
Zakhilwal thanked the Ambassador and said that this should open the
door for more direct budget support. He pointed out that
approximately 20% of aid goes through the Afghan system and that
this percentage should be increased. To bolster this point,
Zakhilwal mentioned that the financial management system of
Afghanistan is strong and transparent, representing a real
achievement for the government. He said he hopes to further improve
transparency through the provision of technical assistance for the
Ministry's Internal Audit Department and the reinstatement of
Article 61, which will give the Ministry internal audit authority
over other Ministries. Strengthening GIRoA's Internal Audit
function, specifically reinstatement of Article 61, is also an
Afghanistan Reconstruction Trust Fund 'conditioned' benchmark. This
Incentive Program essentially offers additional discretionary
funding if the GIRoA meets certain pre-agreed benchmarks on an
annual basis (Reftel B).
¶4. (SBU) Zakhilwal noted that the current leadership within the
cabinet is very good and communication is better than he has ever
seen during his time in government. He further pointed out that
people underestimate President Karzai's commitment to reform. More
broadly, Zakhilwal called on the Ambassador and SRAP staff for help
in moving forward efforts to reform the Ministry of Mines and other
ministries that collect non-tax revenue (e.g. Ministry of Interior
and Ministry of Transport and Civil Aviation). In particular,
Zakhilwal believes that mining contracts are not fully transparent
and that material extracted is often worth more than what is being
collected. As a result, the cabinet asked the Ministry of Finance
to review all finalized mining contracts (except the Aynak copper
mine) to ensure proper revenue collection. Improvement of the
regulatory framework and transparency in the mining sector is also
an Afghanistan Reconstruction Trust Fund 'conditioned' benchmark
(Reftel B).
-------------------------
EXPANDING MOBILE BANKING
-------------------------
¶5. (SBU) In a separate meeting, Ambassador Wayne, Mr. Rami Shy, and
SRAP Special Advisor Ashley Bommer met with Central Bank Governor
Fitrat to discuss the expansion of mobile banking and to follow-up
on his efforts to license and supervise money service providers in
Afghanistan. Governor Fitrat said he is trying to create a
partnership between the formal banking sector and the mobile banking
platform. For example, to alleviate banker's uncertainties with
mobile banking, he is bringing the various parties together for a
mobile money workshop on August 11. Ambassador Wayne and SRAP staff
encouraged Fitrat to continue his leadership in this important area,
noting that mobile banking represents a viable platform for ensuring
payment to GIRoA employees in remote areas. Fitrat agreed and added
that this technology could also be used to pay electricity bills and
other debts over time. He also said he has seen tremendous growth
in credit unions operating in difficult areas where soldiers rarely
go. These credit unions, according to Fitrat, are offering a
variety of popular Sharia-compliant products to finance development
and agriculture.
¶6. (SBU) Fitrat outlined provisions of a new Central Bank draft
regulation for the mobile banking sector. Interested parties have
one month to comment on the draft regulation, which provides basic
consumer protection, limits daily and monthly remittance amounts
(USD 600 and 3,000 respectively), and provides anti-money laundering
measures and combating the financing of terrorism controls. Fitrat
noted his vision is in the beginning to limit the amount of mobile
banking agents to around 1,000. This, he believes, will help ensure
that the agents are chosen carefully. As a result, mobile banking
KABUL 00002179 003 OF 003
customers will be better serviced and protected. He emphasized the
importance of ensuring that there are no delays in mobile banking
payments from agents to customers and said that he would be
following this issue closely. Note: There are currently 650 agents
and some 70,000 mobile banking customers.
--------------------------------------------
TACKLING UNLICENSED MONEY SERVICE PROVIDERS
--------------------------------------------
¶7. (SBU) Mr. Shy pointed out that the U.S. is encouraged by Fitrat's
important work in the area of money service provider licensing. Mr.
Shy further said to Fitrat that success in this area is widely seen
in Washington as an important sign of progress in Afghanistan.
Fitrat believed that his supervision team would soon finish money
service provider licensing in Mazar-e-Sharif and then move next to
Herat and ultimately Kandahar and surrounding provinces in the
South. In response to a question from Mr. Shy, Fitrat indicated
that licensing money service providers (many for the first time
ever) presented several challenges along the way; challenges that -
for the most part - have been overcome.
-----------------------------
BUILDING THE FINANCIAL SECTOR
-----------------------------
¶8. (SBU) Governor Fitrat outlined several key initiatives and
requested Ambassador Wayne's support in ensuring their delivery via
U.S. funding. These initiatives include the start-up of an Afghan
Deposit Insurance Corporation (ADIC), Afghan Institute of Banking
and Finance, and an Afghan stock exchange to raise more long-term
capital. Under the Central Bank's scheme, the ADIC would provide
insurance for depositors up to the equivalent of $1,000 or Afs
50,000. The Afghan Institute of Banking and Finance would provide
basic training to the more than 6,000 financial sector employees
throughout the country (half of whom are female). According to
Fitrat, very few opportunities are available to further train
domestic talent in the area of banking and financial services,
representing an important gap. In the coming months, Fitrat would
like to bring representatives of the NASDAQ to Kabul or Dubai for
further discussion on setting up a stock market along the lines of
what was done previously in Iraq. Fitrat also mentioned ongoing
work to finalize a web-based Afghan Credit Information Bureau that
will operate from the Central Bank. According to Fitrat, the
private sector is not currently equipped to take on this critical
function.
-------
COMMENT
-------
¶9. (SBU) Members of Zakhilwal's executive team recently told FINATT
that revenue collection may decline or remain at present levels in
the coming months due to the August 20 election and Ramadan. It is
important to closely monitor revenue collection developments during
this time and maintain continued pressure in this area. Governor
Fitrat's commitment to making mobile banking work is important and
represents a relatively new development on his part. Moreover, the
Central Bank's efforts to license and supervise money service
providers (hawala) are critical and require the Mission's continued
attention as efforts move beyond Kunduz and Mazar-e-Sharif into
Herat and Kandahar.
EIKENBERRY