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Viewing cable 06KABUL460, PRT Panjshir: The Political Context
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Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin |
---|---|---|---|---|
06KABUL460 | 2006-02-02 10:53 | 2011-08-24 01:00 | UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY | Embassy Kabul |
This record is a partial extract of the original cable. The full text of the original cable is not available.
UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 03 KABUL 000460
SIPDIS
SENSITIVE
NSC FOR AHARRIMAN, KAMEND
DEPT FOR SA/FO, AMBASSADOR QUINN, SA/PAB, S/CT, SA/A
CENTCOM FOR POLAD
REL NATO/AUST/NZ/ISAF
E.O. 12958 N/A
TAGS: PREL PGOV PTER PINR AF
SUBJECT: PRT Panjshir: The Political Context
REF: KABUL 00452
Summary
-------
¶1. (SBU) The political dynamics in Panjshir Province
are changing. Political standing, in the old
paradigm, was based on ones closeness to Ahmed Shah
Massoud, the Mujahideen leader assassinated in
September 2001. But a new paradigm is emerging.
Political clout derives more and more from ones
s
position in the new institutions of the Bonn process.
For the PRT, the heavyweight in day-to-day politics is
Governor Bahlul. His main ally among Panjshiris in
the central government is Parliament Speaker Qanooni.
End Summary.
¶2. (U) This is the second message of a three-part
series. The first (reftel) dealt with the security
environment in Panjshir; the third will examine the
economic outlook.
Old Paradigm: Massoud
----------------------
¶3. (U) Ahmed Shah Massoud, the Mujahideen leader
slain two days before 9/11, is a central touchstone
for Panjshir politics. He is the Lion of Panjshir.
His legacy, like his tomb, dominates the valley. His
picture hangs in the office of every local official,
sometimes next to President Karzai, sometimes alone.
In certain parts of the valley, the reverence
approaches cult status. (In the living room of
Foreign Minister Abdullah, there are Massoud
depictions in large and small photographs, oil
paintings, even an etching in marble.)
¶4. (U) A visit to the Massouds tomb is mandatory for
local politicians and foreign dignitaries. The
largest gatherings in Panjshir occur around the
anniversary of his death, when hundreds congregate.
The drive up from Kabul passes through several Massoud
arches, including at the mouth of the valley, to
remind visitors they are entering Massoud territory.
As the Governor, a former comrade of Massoud, put it
to us recently, you cant know about Panjshir without
Massoud, and about Massoud without Panjshir.
¶5. (U) Panjshiri contacts tell us that closeness to
Massoud during his life determined ones political
standing after his death. For example, Marshall Fahim
Khan, a key deputy of Massoud, became one of the
heavyweights of Panjshir, along with Qanooni and
Abdullah. His brother, Zia Massoud, can partly
ascribe his rise to first vice president because of
his name (if not to his role in the campaigns against
the Soviets and Taliban). Several of our sources drew
rew
our attention to a large convoy, totaling over thirty
cars, which traveled to Massouds tomb Jan. 12 during
the Eid celebration. They said it transported the
political elite of Panjshir: VP Massoud, Meshrano
Jirga (MJ-Upper House) member Fahim Khan, General
Bismullah Khan, Speaker Qanooni and Governor Bahlul.
¶6. (U) NDS Chief Amrullah Saleh, another Panjshiri,
told the PRT last fall that Panjshiris had three
distinguishing sensitivities: their identity was
drawn from the Massoud-led resistance; their pride
mattered; and their contribution to the Bonn process
was considerable and merited respect.
New Paradigm: Bonn
------------------
¶7. (U) Salehs remarks suggest the transition in
Panjshir from the old to a new political paradigm.
New political forces are arising in Panjshir, anchored
in the institutions of the Bonn process. The Massoud
legacy is beginning to fade.
¶8. (U) At the center of day-to-day politics stands
Governor Bahlul. In terms of operational prowess, he
e
is without peer. A Karzai appointment, he has a
Massoud connection, but a strained one. He served as
one of Massouds commanders before they had a falling
out in the late 1990s, and Bahlul left with his family
for Tehran.
¶9. (SBU) Bahlul cites Speaker Qanooni and VP Massoud
as his closest political allies. He coordinates
closely with Massoud on issues likely to stir
controversy in Panjshir, such as DDR removal of
weapons and ammunition. Bahlul told us of his hopes
that Qanooni, now elevated to Speaker of the Wolesi
Jirga (WJ-Lower House), will become a powerful figure
in Kabul looking after Panjshiri interests. The PRT
has strong ties to Qanoonis village in Panjshir,
where we are building a micro-hydro plant. MJ member
Aref is also a close ally of Bahlul, but more in the
role of financial backer than political adviser. The
PRT has close ties to Aref, from whom we rent one of
our houses.
¶10. (SBU) Tension between Bahlul and Saleh was
evident for several months late last year. Saleh,
,
Bahlul feared, was tying to undercut him in
governmental circles. But reportedly a group of high-
ranking Panjshiris in Kabul called the two together to
bury the hatchet. Criticism of Saleh, once a regular
feature of Bahluls private talks with us, has now
ceased.
¶11. (U) Bahlul has allied himself with the PRT. His
public speeches are supportive of the PRT. His
standard themes, used at various events before
hundreds of Panjshiris, include the following:
The PRT is here to help. It can usher in a new era
of prosperity. Its projects, especially the road
work, can transform the province. Panjshiris should
unite to support it and guarantee its security. The
U.S. is not here to occupy, like the Soviets, but to
assist. Panjshir forged a strategic partnership with
the U.S. in the common struggle against the Soviets
and terrorists. Panjshiris should consider the deeds
of the PRT, look at its projects, and disregard any
anti-PRT propaganda. This is a golden opportunity
that only comes once.
.
¶12. (SBU) Bahlul told us January 19 that he was
confident of the success of two recent undertakings:
establishment of the PRT and consolidation of
security. Now, he said, he was turning his attention
to another pressing matter, the DDR/DIAG process.
¶13. (SBU) The new Provincial Council represents a
Bonn-based political force in Panjshir. Each of its
nine members has pledged to work closely with the PRT.
One of its members, Abdul Wajeb, has taken pains to
help the PRT establish itself in a house in his
village of Anabah. A Bahlul ally and former
Mujahideen medic, Wajeb has committed himself to help
the PRT with community relations and policy issues,
like DDR/DIAG. He outlined his understanding of the
new political institutions: PC members should bring
local concerns to the attention of the provincial and
central governments; MJ and WJ members should
represent the central government in the provinces.
¶14. (U) In our talks in the valley, we hear several
themes concerning the National Assembly. Some
villagers express low expectations about the efficacy
of the new parliament. Others tell us they want their
representatives not so much to lobby for Panjshir but
rather to focus on national interests. Almost all
stated their intention to judge the parliament by its
deeds, not words.
Comment
-------
¶15. (SBU) The PRT understands the legend of Massoud
and the symbolism of his tomb. And yet Massoud is
lionized for the past more than studied for the
future. His legacy is fading, in part because he left
behind no coherent set of political ideas. The PRT is
intent on working with Panjshiri politicians who, with
or without a Massoud connection, have an institutional
base and an operational capability. For the PRT,
Bahlul is the go-to guy for coordination of our
activities. The PRT can reinforce the standing of
politicians of the new paradigm by working with them,
thus strengthening good governance in the province.
NORLAND
D