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Viewing cable 09JAKARTA645, ACEH ELECTIONS BODE PEACEFUL DESPITE INTIMIDATION AND
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Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin |
---|---|---|---|---|
09JAKARTA645 | 2009-04-08 09:25 | 2011-08-24 01:00 | UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY | Embassy Jakarta |
VZCZCXRO2351
OO RUEHDT RUEHPB
DE RUEHJA #0645/01 0980925
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
O 080925Z APR 09
FM AMEMBASSY JAKARTA
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 2077
INFO RUCNARF/ASEAN REGIONAL FORUM COLLECTIVE PRIORITY
RUEHHE/AMEMBASSY HELSINKI 0948
RHHJJPI/USPACOM HONOLULU HI
RHEFDIA/DIA WASHINGTON DC
RUEAIIA/CIA WASHDC
RHEHNSC/NSC WASHDC
UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 03 JAKARTA 000645
SENSITIVE
SIPDIS
DEPT FOR EAP/MTS, EAP/MLS, EAP/RSP, DRL, NSC FOR EPHU
E.O.12958: N/A
TAGS: PGOV PINS PREL ASEC ID
SUBJECT: ACEH ELECTIONS BODE PEACEFUL DESPITE INTIMIDATION AND
SNAFUS
REF: JAKARTA 611
¶1. (U) This message was drafted by Consul General Medan. It is
Sensitive But Unclassified, please handle accordingly.
¶2. (SBU) SUMMARY: The Aceh Party (PA) is poised to win a plurality
and possible outright majority in the provincial parliament as well
as majoi(ties in several local councils in the election onAApril 9.
The campaign period has been messy, wit national and local parties
complaining of pervaiive intimidation by PA supporters. Meanwhile,
PA has complained that local officials and the militay( interfered
in its campaign and that its campainn materials were being stolen en
masse. PA cadrs" also tell of the chilling effect the string ofggrenade and arson attacks have had on its campaign.
¶3. Summary (cont.) Despite this, PA's leaders a ve acted with
restraint. All parties, local an national, however, agree on one
thing: the performance of the election supervisory body charged with
enforcing campaign regulations (PANWASLU) has been dismal. Most
observers believe that there may be localized violence surrounding
the election - as there was in 2006 - but that overall it is
expected to be peaceful. END SUMMARY.
¶4. (SBU) The Aceh Party is widely expected to perform strongly in
the parliamentary elections on April 9. The party is strongest in
areas with large majorities of ethnic Acehnese, including the belt
running south and east from Pidie Jaya to East Aceh district, and in
west coast districts including Aceh Jaya, Aceh Barat Daya and West
Aceh - precisely the areas where so-called "independent" candidates
affiliated with the Free Aceh Movement (GAM) polled well in the 2006
and subsequent local government elections.
¶5. (SBU) During the final days of the campaign period, PA ralliesr"esembled victory parades as supporters by the thossands marched
through the streets in cities along the east and west coasts. No
other party drew ee n a fraction of those drawn to PA's rallies.
Fe even tried. The Prosperous Justice Party (PKS) ws" the notable
exception. Its rallies in Bireuenaand Lhokseumawe attracted between
2,000 to 3,000. After a series of massive PA campaigns around theQ
province, however, most parties cancelled public rallies. Even
Golkar with its solid party structure cut back, reputedly to avoid
appearing weak compared with PA. By the end of the campaign period,
virtually all parties other than PA eschewed large events and
focused instead on smaller, closed dialogues with supporters.
COUNTING DELAYS EXPECTED
------------------------
¶6. (SBU) Throughout Aceh, election and party officials boasted
nervously that Indonesia has the most complex voting system in the
world. Not only is the system complex, but voting and counting is a
time consuming process that many observers and poll workers expect
to extend well into the evening and, in some cases, into the next
day. In addition, observers are also concerned that poll workers
have not been adequately trained to use the new 8-page tabulation
forms unveiled for this election. Confusion and delays are expected.
CAMPAIGN VIOLATIONS
-------------------
¶7. (SBU) By all accounts, PA supporters committed widespread
campaign violations, particularly along the east coast. Violations
included threats, intimidation, assaults, and destruction of rival
parties' campaign materials. In Pidie Jaya, for example, a popular
candidate told Medan that due to pressure from PA members, he was
unable to hang his own poster in front of his house. In neighboring
Pidie district, PKS members grew tired of PA supporters' constant
intimidation and destruction of their banners and posters, and
protested by demonstrating in front of PA's local office. PA members
surrounded the group and forced them to strip. The situation in this
district became so serious that when the local police gathered all
parties to sign a commitment to conduct a clean campaign, only PA
and one other party agreed to do so; the others refused, calling the
effort an empty gesture. Elsewhere in Aceh, party leaders from
GOLKAR, PKS, the United Development Party (PPP) and other national
parties told Medan that the combined effects of the violations in
several key districts made it impossible to run meaningful campaigns
and some local party leaders there said they felt so threatened that
they no longer slept at home to avoid possible attacks. Outside
PA's strongholds, incidents like these were much less common but
still occurred. In remote Gayo Luwes where PA is relatively weak
the district chief of a national party filed a formal complaint that
JAKARTA 00000645 002 OF 003
PA cadres had threatened to kill her if she did not drop out of the
election.
¶8. (SBU) Local parties also complained of intense harassment.
Because many PA supporters consider other local parties to be
illegitimate, they harassed officials and supporters alike. Several
local parties told Medan that because of pervasive intimidation
their poll watchers resigned en masse. Due to what it described as
constant and widespread intimidation by PA, SIRA established a
province-wide hotline for party officials to phone in complaints.
Representatives of the Aceh People's Party (PRA) told Medan that PA
supporters painted anti-PRA/pro-PA messages in places where rallies
were scheduled. Both SIRA and PRA complained that PA members
physically assaulted their candidates in many districts.
¶9. (SBU) PA leaders, on the other hand, complained that it was the
victim of unfair campaign tactics. Around the province PA leaders
told observers that its flags and posters were taken down or defaced
as quickly as they could be put up. In remote Subulussalam, for
example, PA had to post 24 hours guards to prevent its largest flags
and banners from being destroyed - despite their being located
directly in front of the party leader's house. Party chair Muzakir
Manaf called Medan on April 1 to report that in districts across the
province, the police and military were singling their vehicles and
convoys out for time consuming searches. Governor Irwandi Yusuf
also told Medan that the military commanders in the districts of
Gayo Luwes, Southwest Aceh, Similue, Singkil, and elsewhere
organized soccer competitions to coincide with dates of PA's
campaigns to reduce the number of potential attendees. In these and
other districts, local government officials interfered with the
party's campaign by instructing residents to participate in public
works projects. The most serious complaints by PA were that it was
targeted by groups who distributed highly offensive anti-PA flyers
and that military officials went door to door warning inhabitants of
pro-PA villages to reject separatism.
¶10. (SBU) In the months leading up to the election, PA facilities
and homes were targeted in a string of arson and grenade attacks.
The attacks occurred widely throughout the province - even in areas
where PA was particularly weak. These attacks had a chilling effect
in some areas. After a grenade was tossed into a PA leader's shop
and several supporters were beaten in Bener Meriah, Party leaders
there ceased public campaigns and stopped sleeping in their own
homes to protect themselves from attacks. PA leaders and some
observers believed that elements of the military were responsible
for the grenade and arson attacks. Our sources claim that some
military personnel implicated in the attacks have been arrested, an
allegation which we have not been able to substantiate.
¶11. (SBU) All around the province, PA leaders reported numerous
cases of intimidation and threats. In several districts PA
complained that fully armed members of the military told locals that
anyone who attended "GAM rallies" would face consequences.
According to a respected human rights NGO, a radio station in
Lhokseumawe has broadcast anti-PA statements and that ex-militia
working with TNI are making statements in the press against voting
for "separatist parties". A senior political leader in West Aceh
told Medan that members of the military with video cameras have gone
house to house in pro-PA villages to intimidate people against
voting for PA. Elsewhere, there are numerous reports of people
dressed in black wandering around at night, threatening people
thought to be PA supporters.
¶12. (SBU) In the face of open and widespread campaign abuses,
PANWASLU - the government agency charged with enforcing campaign
regulations - has been an abject failure. Virtually all political
parties, the police and military have complained to mission election
observers about PANWASLU's ineffectiveness. In several districts
PANWASLU officials denied having received any actionable complaints,
others reported receiving only a handful. One frustrated police
chief told Medan that his men had attempted to report a serious
violation to PANWASLU and had even offered to be witnesses and
presented electronic evidence of the violation. The report, he
said, went nowhere. Several observers told Medan that they believe
that unethical political parties had seen PANWASLU's ineffectiveness
and had chosen to flout campaign regulations.
¶13. (SBU) PANWASLU's defenders point out that the organization is
understaffed and underfunded. The current election law is also
partly to blame. Not only does the law establish onerous reporting
and evidentiary requirements to establish possible violations, but
unlike the previous law, did not authorize police and prosecutor's
office to have formal positions in the organization. This limits the
JAKARTA 00000645 003 OF 003
organization's ability to investigate and prosecute violations as
well as withstand intimidation.
¶14. (SBU) In contrast with PANWASLU's weak performance, the police,
some senior local officials, and party leaders have taken proactive
steps to ensure that the election comes off peacefully. On
instruction from the provincial police chief, local police have
organized ongoing forums which bringing together party
representatives for dialogue. In several regencies, the local
government has also issued statements reminding residents against
responding to provocations and to elect qualified candidates. To
avoid escalating tensions and violence, top PA leaders have
instructed members to avoid conflict. As a result, most Acehnese
believe that the election will come off peacefully and that the
result will eventually be accepted. Some local government and
security officials anticipate that there may be local outbreaks of
violence such as those which occurred in the 2006 elections, but
none believe that they will spread or significantly disrupt the
election.
HEFFERN