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### Viewing cable 07BRASILIA1006, Update on GOL-Legacy Crash Legal Case

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Reference ID | Created | Released | Classification | Origin
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
07BRASILIA1006 | 2007-06-04 19:27 | 2011-07-11 00:00 | UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY | Embassy Brasilia

`

    VZCZCXRO4881
    PP RUEHRG
    DE RUEHBR #1006/01 1551927
    ZNR UUUUU ZZH
    P 041927Z JUN 07
    FM AMEMBASSY BRASILIA
    TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 9101
    INFO RUEHRG/AMCONSUL RECIFE 6745
    RUEHRI/AMCONSUL RIO DE JANEIRO 4516
    RUEHSO/AMCONSUL SAO PAULO 0018
    RUEHBU/AMEMBASSY BUENOS AIRES 4808
    RUEHAC/AMEMBASSY ASUNCION 6116
    RUEHMN/AMEMBASSY MONTEVIDEO 6913
    RUEHSG/AMEMBASSY SANTIAGO 6264
    RULSDMK/DEPT OF TRANSPORTATION WASHDC
    RHMFIUU/HQ USSOUTHCOM MIAMI FL
    RUEKJCS/SECDEF WASHDC
    RUEANHA/FAA NATIONAL HQ WASHINGTON DC
    RUEAYVF/FAA MIAMI ARTCC MIAMI FL
    RUEWMFU/TSA HQ WASHINGTON DC
    RUWDQAB/NTSB WASHINGTON DC

` `

    UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 03 BRASILIA 001006

    SIPDIS

    SENSITIVE
    SIPDIS

    DEPARTMENT FOR CA/OCS AND WHA/BSC
    DEPT FOR EB/TRA JHORWITZ, JREIFMAN, KGUSTAFSON
    STATE FOR CA/OCS
    TSA FOR VREEDER, SHASMAN

    SIPDIS
    FAA FOR CTFRANCESCHI, CCAPESTANY, MASHBY
    DEPT OF TRANSPORTATION FOR BHEDBERG
    BUENOS AIRES PASS TSA/JOCHOA

    E.O. 12958: N/A
    TAGS: CASC EAIR PGOV BR
    SUBJECT: Update on GOL-Legacy Crash Legal Case

    Ref: Brasilia 600 and previous

    ¶1. (SBU) Summary: In a surprise move, the Brazilian federal
    prosecutor in charge of the criminal investigation into the
    September 29 air collision between a business jet and GOL airliner
    indicted four air traffic controllers for the accident, one on
    serious charges of having acted deliberately.  The federal police
    investigation had only recommended the indictment of the U.S.
    citizen pilots of the business jet.  The prosecutor indicted the
    pilots, and three other controllers, on less serious charges.  The
    federal judge in charge of the case accepted the indictments and set
    dates for questioning of the defendants on August 27 and 28.  It is
    unclear whether the U.S. pilots will be required to return for
    testimony.  The accusations against the controllers were repeated in
    Brazilian Senate committee hearings on the accident and caused a sea
    change in press reporting on the issue.  End Summary.

    ¶2. (U) Brazilian federal prosecutor Thiago Lemos de Andrade indicted
    Brazilian air traffic controller Jomarcelo Fernandes dos Santos for
    intentional criminal conduct that led to the September 29, 2006 air
    collision between a Legacy business jet and a GOL commercial
    airliner. (All 154 persons aboard the GOL flight perished, making
    this the worst aviation accident in Brazilian history.)  The
    prosecutor made this request to federal judge Murilo Mendes in
    Sinop, Mato Grosso, the capital of the state in which the accident
    took place, on May 25.  The recommendation came as a surprise to
    observers as the Federal Police report submitted to the prosecutor,
    after a seven-month investigation, did not recommend action against
    controllers, claiming that as they were in the military they were
    beyond civilian purview.

    ¶3. (U) The prosecutor also recommended indictments of three other
    controllers and the two U.S. citizen Legacy pilots, Joseph Lepore
    and Jan Paladino, for unintentional criminal conduct.  In the
    pilots' case, this was for involuntary manslaughter and exposing an
    aircraft to danger.  The prosecutor claimed the pilots accidentally
    turned off their transponder, disabling both airplanes' collision
    avoidance systems and limiting air traffic controllers' ability to
    confirm the Legacy's altitude.  The federal police report focused on
    the actions of the pilots.

    ¶4. (U) In the case of the controllers, the prosecutor claims that
    Santos did not properly inform the controllers who took over for him
    after his shift that the Legacy's transponder was not functioning
    and that he had been unable to contact the plane.

    ¶5. (U) Judge Mendes issued an order accepting the indictments on
    June 1, setting dates for questioning of the defendants on August 27
    and 28.  His order states that the U.S. pilots will be required to
    testify in Brazil.

    ¶6. (SBU) The pilots' lawyers, after a preliminary analysis of the
    order, believed that the pilots may be able to make a deposition in
    front of a U.S. court for use by the Brazilian authorities.

    ¶7. (U) The indictment against the controllers was mirrored by a
    similar change of focus in the Brazilian Senate Investigative
    Committee (CPI) created to look into the accident and in Brazilian
    press coverage.  Previously, press coverage had focused on the
    Legacy pilots as the major culprits of the accident.  Following the
    indictment, most articles focused on culpability of the controllers,
    while describing the pilots as secondary contributors to the
    accident.

    ¶8. (U) A chief member of the CPI and Brazilian air officials laid
    the chief blame for the accident on controllers during hearings held
    the week of May 28.  Senator Demostenes Torres, who will draft the
    final CPI report, said that Santos, the flight controller, was most
    to blame.  His statement followed testimony from three military

    BRASILIA 00001006  002 OF 003

    flight controllers, on duty during the midair collision, who told
    the CPI that they blamed the American pilots of the Legacy jet and
    faulty air traffic control equipment for the accident.  The
    controllers claimed that the Legacy pilots should have adjusted
    their altitude according to the flight plan and criticized Brazil's
    air traffic control system.  Demostenes replied that "the [air
    traffic control] system has shortcomings, but the [Gol] accident had
    human causes, especially on the part of [military controller]
    Jomarcelo [Santos].  The Legacy pilots also contributed decisively."
     Officials of the Brazilian Air Force's Center for the Investigation
    and Prevention of Aeronautical Accidents (CENIPA) later told the CPI
    that the crash of the Gol flight could have been prevented by the
    controllers who were on duty.  "If all the rules had been followed,
    there would have been no accident," according to Brigadier Jorge
    Kersul.

    ¶9. (U) The Brazilian Air Force announced on May 31 that it would
    open an investigation into the responsibilities of the flight
    controllers who were on duty the day of the Gol airliner crash.
    According to press reports, the inquiry could take up to two months
    and after this period the air traffic controllers might be tried by
    military justice.

    ¶10. (U) The Brazilian indictment process is very different than the
    U.S. process.  The first step was completed when the Federal Police
    finished their investigation, known as an "inquerito," the purpose
    of which was to determine the facts of the case.  They then
    submitted a "relatorio" (report) to the prosecutor.  (The
    "relatorio" makes an "indiciamento" of those whom the police believe
    qualify as having committed a crime, though this is not an
    indictment in U.S. sense, but closer to a recommendation for
    indictment.)  The prosecutor then indicted those he considered
    guilty.  The federal judge has now accepted the indictments and
    those indicted are now defendants.

    ¶11. (U) The first ruling of the court ordered service of summons on
    the defendants, so that they were officially informed of the
    indictments.  As the pilots do not reside in Brazil, service of
    summons would have to be carried out in the place of their domicile
    by means of a letter rogatory.  Thereafter begins the evidentiary
    phase: the court will question the defendants.  Subsequently, the
    judge would question witnesses for the prosecution and then
    witnesses for the defense. At some point, the court will be provided
    documents by the parties, such as the final report of the Air Force,
    and perhaps proceedings of the CPI.  Eventually the prosecutor and
    defense counsel will file their final briefs and the court will
    issue a decision. There is no jury and there is no trial in the U.S.
    sense (the case is "on trial," mostly in writing, from the moment
    the judge accepts the indictment).  In every criminal case, there is
    the possibility of appeal, and the Federal Court of Appeals, in
    Brasilia, would reexamine the facts in the case of an appeal.

    ¶12. (SBU) Comment: The indictment of the air traffic controllers
    caused a second sea change in the tone of press coverage on the
    culprits of Brazilians worst ever aviation accident.  For the first
    month after the accident, the Legacy pilots were vilified as cowboys
    whose dangerous flying led to the accident.  As problems with
    Brazilian air traffic control systems then became apparent, press
    coverage went through its first metamorphosis and turned to the role
    of the air traffic control systems in the accident, while still
    claiming that the Legacy pilots' "incompetence" was a major factor.
    Now the air traffic controllers, who assigned both aircraft to the
    same path and altitude, have taken center stage, with the Legacy
    pilots moving into a secondary role.

    ¶13. (SBU) Comment continued: It is interesting that the prosecutor
    decided to indict the controllers despite the federal police's claim
    that they were under the military justice system and therefore could
    not be indicted by civilian courts.  It is unclear why, eight months

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    after the accident, the Air Force has now decided to start its own
    criminal investigation of the controllers, although it may be an
    attempt to remove them from the civilian criminal system.

    SOBEL

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