The Moon Is A Harsh Mistress

Reviewed by J. Neil Schulman

Many libertarians practice a religious dogma which I'll term "Monovelism." The Sacred Creed of the Monovelist is "There is But One True Novel, It's Name Is Atlas Shrugged, and I Will Have No Other Novels Before It."

Or after it, judging by the depressing sales figures Laissez Faire Books has had on novels by myself, Victor Koman, L. Neil Smith, and Brad Linaweaver, as compared to Laissez Faire's sales on Atlas Shrugged -- or compared to its sales figures on its more popular nonfiction books, for that matter.

Let me be blunt about this. If you think Ayn Rand's novels are the last word on libertarian fiction, then you are as bigoted in your thinking as any TV evangelist who preaches that the only stories we need to read are in the King James Bible.

For me, libertarianism didn't start with Ayn Rand. In fact, Atlas Shrugged was recommended to me when I was 14. I lifted it off the library shelf, saw how many pages were in the damn thing, and put it right back. I didn't pick up a copy again for another four years, and by that time I had already started a libertarian group on my college campus.

The author who made me a libertarian wasn't Ayn Rand but Robert A. Heinlein.

Of his 45 or so books, the novel which was most influential in getting me to start thinking like a libertarian, and instantly to recognize libertarians as ideological kin when I first encountered them, was The Moon Is A Harsh Mistress.

The Moon Is A Harsh Mistress tells the story of a revolutionary war fought against the one-world government of Earth by colonists on Luna, Earth's moon, in the year 2076. It's no coincidence that Heinlein set his parable precisely three centuries after the American Revolution because much of Heinlein's future parallels our nation's past: a repressive absentee government set on economic exploitation of a new world for its own benefit and only its own benefit.

The story of the revolution is told first person by Manuel Garcia O'Kelly, a computer tech working for the Lunar Authority. In a 1973 interview I did with Heinlein, he confessed how surprised he was by the speed of computer progress; Moon reflects this in a future without an Internet of personal computers, but instead a central mainframe with as many connections as the neural network of the human brain. Heinlein had asked scientist Herman Kahn whether a computer with equivalent connections might think; Kahn had answered, "That seems plausible." Kahn's plausibility became the nexus of Heinlein's novel. The computer, a "HOLMES Mark IV" computer which Manuel O'Kelly names Mycroft after Sherlock's brother and addresses as "Mike" (the computer returns the favor by nicknaming Manuel "Man") -- is much smarter than HAL in 2001 -- smart enough to become the eyes, ears, Internet server, and brain of a revolution.

The plot takes shape when O'Kelly -- in consultations with friends including Mike, a Benjamin Franklin-type revolututionary named Professor Bernardo de la Paz, and a rabble-rousing feminist named Wyoming Knott -- learns that the lunar colony is just a few years from planetary starvation caused by the Earth authority's economic policies. There is no institutional means of staving off impending doom which leaves revolution as the only chance for colonial survival.

Heinlein uses the causes and situations of this future society as blueprints for political and sociological change. In Heinlein's future Luna, a fully privatized social system has been developed, one where custom and market institutions have entirely replaced government.

Any marriage contract -- polyandry, group marriages, whatever -- is socially accepted. Private arbitration has replaced courts, and decisions including the death penalty are enforced by popular acclaim. Education, insurance, and banking are entirely private matters. Heinlein's anarchic legal system is so well worked out that the Tennessee Law Review examined it seriously, in a Fall, 1995 article by Dmitry Feofanov titled "Luna Law: The Libertarian Vision in Heinlein's The Moon Is A Harsh Mistress."

Here you'll learn that the essence of "rational anarchism" is the understanding that personal responsibility for one's actions are neither increased nor lessened by hiding an action behind the curtain of governmental sovereignty.

You'll discover the principle of TANSTAAFL -- "There Ain't No Such Thing As A Free Lunch" -- which demolishes all socialist schemes which try to increase the public good by redistributing wealth.

The Moon Is A Harsh Mistress mines as rich a vein of ideas on both political and social concerns as Atlas Shrugged. If you decide to break free from the chains of Monovelism, there's no better place to start.

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