"Evolution" Article - Table of Contents

I. EVOLUTION IN BIOLOGY

Part 1. Evolution in Biology - Introduction.
Part 2. The Evolution of the Individual.
Part 3. The Evolution of the Sum of Living Beings.

II. EVOLUTION IN PHILOSOPHY

Part 4. Evolution in Philosophy: Definition.
Part 5. Problems Solved by Evolution. Evolution, Creation and Emanation.
Part 6. Form of Doctrine of Evolution.
Part 7. History of the Idea of Evolution.
Part 8. Indian Philosophy. Early Greek Physicists.
Part 9. Pythagoreans. Eleatics. Heraclitus.
Part 10. Empedocles. Anaxagoras. Atomists. The Sophists. Critias.
Part 11. Plato. Early Platonists.
Part 12. Aristotle. Strato.
Part 13. The Stoics. The Epicureans - Lucretius. Neo-Platonists. The Fathers.
Part 14. The Middle Ages. Early Schoolmen. Descartes. Spinoza.
Part 15. Cudworth. Locke. The Idea of Progress in History.
Part 16. English Writers in the 18th Century: Hume; Priestley; Monboddo.
Part 17. French Writers in the 18th Century.
Part 18. German Writers of the 18th Century: Leibnitz; Lessing; Herder; Kant.
Part 19. German Writers of the 19th Century: Schelling; Followers of Schelling; Hegel; Schopenhauer; Von Baer.
Part 20. English, French and Italian Writers of Early 19th Century.
Part 21. Modern Doctrine of Evolution.
Part 22: English Writers of 19th Century: Charles Darwin; A. R. Wallace.
Part 23. English Writers of 19th Century (cont.): Herbert Spencer.
Part 24; Metaphysical Interpretation: Prof. Clifford. Problems of Organic Evolution: G. H. Lewes. J. J. Murphy.
Part 25. Evolution and Psychology. Anthropology.
Part 26. Relation to Ethics. Relation to Religion.
Part 27. Recent [mid-19th Century] French Writers.
Part 28. Recent [mid-19th Century] German Writers - Materialists.
Part 29. Combination of Mechanical and Teleological View of Evolution. Czolbe. G. T. Fechner. Lotze.
Part 30. Mechanical Doctrines of Evolution. Lange. Noiré. Hartmann.
Part 31. Influence of Darwinism in Germany.
Part 32. Darwinism and Ethics and Religion.
Part 33. Interpretation of Modern Scientific Doctrine.
Part 34. Principal Works Used in the Historic Sketch [i.e. Bibliography].



The section "Evolution in Biology' in the article "Evolution" was written by Thomas Henry Huxley, M.D., LL.D., F.R.S., President of the Royal Society, 1883-85; Professor of Natural History in the Royal School of Mines, London, 1854; author of Theory of the Vertebrate Skull, The Physical Basis of Life, Introduction to the Classification of Animals, Lay Sermons, Elementary Physiology, etc.

The section "Evolution in Philosophy" in the article "Evolution" was written by James Sully, M.A., LL.D.; Grote Professor of Philosophy of Mind and Logic, University College, London, from 1892; author of Sensation and Intuition, Outlines of Psychology, etc.


Some Quotations on Evolution

"When we no longer look at an organic being as a savage looks at a ship, as something wholly beyond his comprehension; when we regard every production of nature as one which has had a long history; when we contemplate every complex structure and instinct as the summing up of many contrivances, each useful to the possessor, in the same way as any great mechanical invention is the summing up of the labour, the experience, the reason, and even the blunders of numerous workmen; when we thus view each organic being, how far more interesting -- I speak from experience -- does the study of natural history become!"
-- Charles Darwin, The Origin of Species

"We must, however, acknowledge ... that man with all his noble qualities, with sympathy which feels for the most debased, with benevolence which extends not only to other men but to the humblest living creature, with his god-like intellect which has penetrated into the movements and constitution of the solar system- with all these exalted powers- Man still bears in his bodily frame the indelible stamp of his lowly origin."
-- Charles Darwin, The Descent Of Man

"The formation of different languages and of distinct species and the proofs that both have been developed through a gradual process, are curiously parallel."
-- Charles Darwin, The Desent Of Man