The New Chemical Light
                      Drawn from the Fountain of Nature
                         and from Manual Experience

                              to which is added
                        A Treatise Concerning Sulphur

                             Michael Sendivogius

                           [The Author's Anagram]:
                           "Divi Leschi genus amo"
            In this sentence: "I love the Divine Race of Leschi,"
         all the letters of the Author's name are found transposed,-
                        to wit: Michael Sendivogius.

                                   PREFACE

 Upon all genuine Seekers of the great Chemical Art, or Sons of Hermes, the
             Author implores the Divine Blessing and Salvations.

When I considered in my mind the great number of deceitful books and forged
Alchemistic "receipts", which have been put in circulation by heartless
impostors, though they do not contain even a spark of truth -- and how many
persons have been and are still daily led astray by them? -- it occurred to
me that I could not do better than communicate the Talent committed to me by
the Father of Lights to the Sons and Heirs of Knowledge. I also wish to let
posterity see that in our own age, as well as in ancient times, this
singularly gracious philosophical Blessing has not been denied to a few
favoured men. For certain reasons I do not think it advisable to publish my
name; chiefly, because I do not seek for praise for myself, but am only
anxious to assist the lovers of philosophy. The vainglorious desire for fame
I leave to those who are content to seem what they, in reality, are not. The
facts and deductions which I have here briefly set down are transcribed from
that manual -- experience, graciously bestowed upon me by the Most High; and
my object is to enable those who have laid a sound foundation in the
elementary part of this most noble Art, to advance to a more satisfying
fullness of knowledge, and to put them on their guard against those depraved
"vendors of smoke," who delight in fraud and imposition. Our science is not
a dream, as the vulgar crowd imagines, or the empty invention of idle men,
as the foolish suppose. It is the very truth of philosophy itself, which the
voice of conscience and of love bid me conceal no longer. In these wicked
days, indeed, when virtue and vice are accounted alike, the ingratitude and
unbelief of men keep our Art from appearing openly before the public gaze.
Yet this glorious truth is even now capable of being apprehended by learned
and unlearned persons of virtuous lives, and there are many persons of all
nations now living who have beheld Diana unveiled. But as many, either from
ignorance or from a desire to conceal their knowledge, are daily teaching
and inducing others to believe that the soul of gold can be extracted, and
then imparted to other substances; and thereby entice numbers to incur great
waste of time, labour, and money: let the sons of Hermes know for certain
that the extracting of the essence of gold is a mere fond delusion, as those
who persist in it will be taught to their cost by experience, the only
arbitress from whose judgment seat there is no appeal. If, on the other
hand, a person is able to transmute the smallest piece of metal (with or
without gain) into genuine gold or silver which abides all the usual tests,
he may justly be said to have opened the gates of Nature, and cleared the
way for profounder and more advanced study. It is with this object that I
dedicate the following pages, which embody the results of my experience, to
the sons of knowledge, that by a careful study of the working of Nature they
may be enabled to lift the veil, and enter her inmost sanctuary. To this
final goal of our sacred philosophy they must travel by the royal road which
Nature herself has marked out for them. Let me therefore admonish the gentle
reader that my meaning is to be apprehended not so much from the outward
husk of my words, as from the inward spirit of Nature. If this warning is
neglected, he may spend his time, labour, and money in vain. Let him
consider that this mystery is for vise men, and not for fools. The inward
meaning of our philosophy will be unintelligible to vainglorious boasters,
to conceited mockers, and to men who smother the clamorous voice of
conscience with the insolence of a wicked life; as also to those ignorant
persons who have fondly staked their happiness on albefactions and
rubrefactions and other equally senseless methods. The right understanding
of our Art is by the gift of God, or by the ocular demonstration of a
teacher, and can be attained only by diligent, humble search, and prayerful
dependence on the Giver of all good things; now, God rejects those who ho
hate Him and scorn knowledge. In conclusion, I would earnestly ask the sons
of knowledge to accept this Book in the spirit in which it was it was
written; and when the HIDDEN has become MANIFEST to them and the inner gates
of secret knowledge are flung open not to reveal this mastery to any
unworthy person; also to remember their duty towards their suffering and
distressed neighbours to avoid any ostentatious display of their power; and
above all, to render to God, the Three in One, sincere and grateful thanks
with their lips, in the silence of their hearts, and by refraining from any
abuse of the Gift.

                       Simplicity is the Seal of Truth

As after the completion of the preface it was found that it did not cover
the whole of the space allotted to it, I have, at the publisher's request,
there set down the "last will and testament of Arnold Villanovanus" which I
once turned into Latin verse. I am conscious that the style of my
versification is wanting in neatness and elegance; but this defect was
partly caused by the necessity of adhering strictly and faithfully to the
Author's meaning. Testament of Arnold de Villanova

It is said that Arnold de Villanova a man who was as a credit to his race,
signified his last will in the following words:

"It has its birth in the earth, its strength it doth acquire in the fire,
and there becomes the true Stone of the ancient Sages. Let it be nourished
for twice six hours with a clear liquid until its limbs begin to expand and
grow apace. Then let it be placed in a dry and moderately warm spot for
another period of twelve hours, until it has purged itself by giving out a
thick steam or vapour, and becomes solid and hard within. The 'virgin's milk
' that is expressed from the better part of the Stone is then preserved in a
carefully closed oval-shaped distilling vessel of glass, and is day by day
wondrously changed by the quickening fire, until all the different colours
resolve themselves into a fixed gentle splendour of a white radiance, which
soon, under the continued genial influence of the fire, changes to a
glorious purple, the outward and visible sign of the final perfection of
your work."

                             THE FIRST TREATISE

  Of Nature, what she is, and what manner of men her Disciples ought to be

Many Sages, Scholars, and learned men have in all ages, and (according to
Hermes) even so early as the days before the Flood, written much concerning
the preparation of the Philosopher's Stone; and if their books could be
understood without a knowledge of the living processes of Nature, one might
almost say that they are calculated to supersede the study of the real world
around us. But though they never departed from the simple ways of Nature
they have something to teach us, which, in these more sophisticated times,
still need to learn, because we have applied ourselves to what are regarded
as the more advanced branches of knowledge, and despise the study of so
"simple " a thing as natural Generation. Hence we pay more heed to
impossible things than to those objects which are broadly exhibited before
our very eyes, we excel more in subtle speculations than in a sober study of
Nature, and of the meaning of the Sages. It is one of the most remarkable
features of human nature that we neglect those things which seem familiar,
and are eager for new and strange information. The workman who has attained
the highest degree of excellence in his Art, neglects it, and applies
himself to something else, or else abuses his knowledge. Our longing for an
increase of knowledge urges us ever onward towards some final goal, in which
we imagine that we shall find full rest and satisfaction, like the ant which
is not endowed with wings till the last days of its life. In our time, the
Philosophical Art has become a very subtle matter; it is the craft of the
goldsmith compared with that of the humble workman who exercises his calling
at the forge. We have made such mighty strides in advance that if the
ancient Masters of our science, Hermes and Geber and Raymond Lullius, were
to rise from the dead, they would be treated by our modern Alchemists not as
Sages but as only humble learners. They would seem very poor scholars in our
modern lore of futile distillations, circulations, calcinations and in all
the other countless operations wherewith modern research has so famously
enriched our Art though without understanding the sense of the ancient
writings. In all these respects, our learning is vastly superior to theirs.
Only one thing is unfortunately wanting to us which they possessed, namely,
the knack they had of actually preparing the Philosopher's Stone. Perhaps,
then, their simple methods were after all the best; and it is on this
supposition that I desire, in this volume, to teach you to understand Nature
so that our vain imaginations may not misdirect us in the true and simple
way. Nature then, is one, true, simple, self-contained, created by God and
informed with a certain universal spirit. Its end and origin are God. Its
unity is also found in God, because God made all things. Nature is the one
source of all things: nor is anything in the world outside Nature, or
contrary to Nature. Nature is divided into four "places" in which she brings
forth all things that appear and that are in the shade; and according to the
good or bad quality of the "place" she brings forth good or bad things.
There are only four qualities which are in all things and yet do not agree
among themselves, as one is always striving to obtain the mastery over the
rest. Nature is not visible, though she acts visibly; she is a volatile
spirit who manifests herself in material shapes, and her existence is in the
Will of God. Students of Nature should be such as is Nature herself -- true,
simple, patient, constant, and so on; above all, they should fear God, and
love their neighbors. They should always be ready to learn from Nature and
to be guided by her methods, ascertaining by visible and sensible examples
whether that which they propose to perform is in accordance with her
possibilities. If we would reproduce something already accomplished by
Nature, we follow her, but if we would improve on her performance, we must
know in and by what it is ameliorated. For instance, if we desire to impart
to a metal greater excellence than Nature has given to it, we must take the
metallic substance both in its male and its female varieties, else all our
efforts will be in vain. It is as impossible to produce a metal out of a
plant, It is most important for us to know her "places" and those which are
most in harmony and most closely allied, in order that we may join things
together according to Nature, and not attempt to confound vegetables with
animals, or animals with metals. Everything should be made to act on that
which is like to it -- and then Nature will perform her duty. as to make a
tree out of a dog or any other animal.

                               SECOND TREATISE

      Concerning the operation of Nature in our Substance, and its Seed

I have already said that Nature is one, true, and consistent, and that she
is known by her products, such as trees, herbs, &c. I have also described
the qualifications of a student of Nature. Now I will say a few words about
the operation of Nature. As Nature has her being in the Will of God, so her
will, or seed is in the Elements. She is one, and produces different things
but only through the mediate instrumentality of seed. For Nature performs
whatsoever the sperm requires of her, and is, as it were only the instrument
of some artisan. The seed if anything is more useful to the artist than
Nature herself; for Nature: for Nature without seed is, what a goldsmith is
without silver and gold, or a husbandman without seed corn. Wherever there
is seed, Nature will work through it, whether it be good or bad. Nature
works on "seed" as God works on the free will of man. Truly it is a great
marvel to behold Nature obeying the seed not because she is forced to do so
but of her own will. In like manner, God permits man to do what hat he
pleases not because He is constrained but of His good and free bounty. The
seed, then, is the elixir or of anything, or its quintessence, or its most
perfect digestion and decoction, or, again, the Balm of Sulphur, which is
the same as the radical moisture in metals. We might say much more about
this seed, but can only mention those facts which are of importance in our
Art. The four elements produce seed, through the will of God and the
imagination of Nature; and as the seed of the male animal has its centre or
storing place in the kidneys, so the four elements by their continual action
project a constant supply of seed to the centre of the earth, where it is
digested, and whence it proceeds again in generative motions. Now the centre
of the earth is a certain void place wherein nothing is at rest; and upon
the margin or circumference of this centre the four elements project their
qualities. As the male seed is emitted into the womb of the female, where
only so much as is needed is retained while the rest is driven out again, so
the magnetic force of our earth-centre attracts to itself as much as is
needed of the cognate seminal substance, while that which cannot be used for
vital generation is thrust forth in the shape of stones and other rubbish.
This is the fountain-head of all things terrestrial. Let us illustrate the
matter by supposing a glass of water to be set in the middle of a table,
round the margin of which are placed little heaps of salt, and of powders of
different colours. If the water be poured out, it will run all over the
table in divergent rivulets, and will become salt where it touches the salt,
red where it dissolves the red powder, and so on. The water does not change
the "places," but the several places differentiate the water. In the same
way, the seed which is the product of the four elements is projected in all
directions from the earth-centre, and produces different things, according
to the quality of the different places. Thus, while the seed of all things
is one, it is made to generate a great variety of things, just as the seed
of a man might produce a man if projected into the womb of a female of his
own species, or a monstrous variety of abortions, if projected into the
wombs of different female animals. So long as Nature's seed remains in the
centre it can indifferently produce a tree or a metal, a herb or a stone,
and in like manner according to the purity of the place, it will produce
what is less or more pure. But how do the elements generate the sperm or
seed ? There are four elements, two heavy and two light, two dry and two
moist, but one driest and one moistest of all; and these are male and
female. By God's will each of these is constantly striving to produce things
like to itself in its own sphere. Moreover they are constantly acting on one
another, and the subtle essences of all are combined in the centre, where
they are well mixed and sent forth again by Archeus, the servant of Nature,
as is more fully set forth in the Epilogue of these twelve Treatises.

                               THIRD TREATISE

               Concerning the true and first Matter of Metals

The first matter of metals is twofold, and one without the other cannot
create a metal. The first and principal substance is the moisture of air
mingled with warmth. This substance the Sages have called Mercury, and in
the philosophical sea it is governed by the rays of the Sun and the Moon.
The second substance is the dry heat of the earth, which is called Sulphur.
But as this substance has always been kept a great mystery, let us declare
it more fully, and especially its weight, ignorance of which mars the hole
work. The right substance, if the quantity of it which is taken be wrong,
can produce nothing but an abortion. There are some who take the entire body
for their matter, that is, for their seed or sperm; others take only a part
of it: both are on the wrong track. If any one, for instance, were to
attempt the creation of a man out of a man's hand and a woman's foot, he
would fail. For there is in every body a central atom, or vital point of the
seed (its 1/8200 part), even in a grain of wheat. Neither the body nor the
grain is all seed, but every body has a small seminal spark, which the other
parts protect from all excess of heat and cold. If you have ears and eyes
treasure up this fact, and be on your guard against those who would use the
whole grain as seed, and those who strive to produce a highly rarefied
metallic substance by the vain solution and mixture of different metals. For
even the purest metals contain a certain element of impurity, while in the
inferior the proportion is greater. You will have all you want if you find
the point of Nature, which you must not, however, look for in the vulgar
metals; it is not to be found therein, for all these, and common gold more
especially, are dead. But the metals which we advise you to take are living
and have vital spirits. Fire is the life of metals while they are still in
their ore, and the fire of smelting is their death. But the first matter of
metals as a certain moisture mixed with warm air. Its appearance is that of
oily water adhering to all pure and impure things; yet in some places it is
found more abundantly than in others because the earth is more open and
porous in one place than in another, and has a greater magnetic force. When
it becomes manifest, it is clothed in a certain vesture, especially in
places where it has nothing to cling to. It is known by the fact that it is
composed of three principles; but, as a metallic substance it is only one
without any visible sign of conjunction, except that which may be called its
vesture or shadow namely, sulphur, &c.

                               FOURTH TREATISE

             How metals are produced in the Bowels in the Earth

The metals are produced in this way: after the four elements have projected
their power and virtues to the centre of the earth, they are, in the hands
of the Archeus of Nature distilled and sublimed by the heat of perpetual
motion towards the surface of the earth. For the earth is porous, and the
air by distillation through the pores of the earth is resolved into a water
out of which all things are generated. You should know that the seed of
metals is the same, in the first instance, as the sperm of all other things,
viz., a vaporous moisture. Hence it is foolish to seek the dissolution of
metals in the first matter, which is nothing but a vapour, and in so doing
philosophers have not comprehended the first matter, but only the second, as
Bernard Trevisan well argues, though in a somewhat obscure manner, for he
addressed himself to the Sons of the Doctrine. For my part before openly
explaining this theory, I would warn all men not to seek that which exists
everywhere by itself in a soft volatile form by so many circulations,
calcinations, and reiterations of hard gold and silver, which can never be
changed back into their original substance. Let us follow the real meaning
of the writers of Alchemy whose works we read, and remember that if Art
would produce any solid and permanent effect, it must follow in the
footsteps of Nature, and be guided by her methods. It must trust itself to
the guidance of Nature as far as Nature will lead, and go beyond her by
still adhering to her rules. Now I said that all things are produced of a
liquid air or a vapour which the elements distil into the centre of the
earth by a continual motion, and that as soon as the Archeus has received
it, his wisdom sublimes it through the pores, and distributes it to each
place, producing different things according to the diverse places in which
it is deposited. Some think that each metal has its own seed. But this is a
great mistake for there is only one Seed. The sperm which appears in Saturn
is the same as that which is found in gold, silver, copper, &c.; their
difference is caused by the place, and by the time during which Nature was
at work upon them, the procreation of silver being achieved sooner than that
of gold, and so with the other metals. The vapour which is sublimed by heat
from the centre of the earth, passes either through cold or warm places. If
the place be warm and pure, and contain adhering to it a certain fatness of
sulphur, the vapour (or Mercury of the Sages) joins itself to its fatness,
and sublimes it together with itself. If in the course of its further
sublimation this unctuous vapour reaches other places where the earth has
already been subtilized, purified, and rendered moist by previous ascending
vapours, it fills the pores of this earth, and with it becomes gold. But if
this unctuous moisture be carried to impure and cold places, it becomes
lead; if the earth be pure and mingled with sulphur, it becomes copper. For
the purer the place is, the more beautiful and perfect will the metal be. We
must also note that the vapour is constantly ascending, and in its ascent
from the earth's centre to its superficies, it purifies the places through
which it passes. Hence precious metals are found now where none existed a
thousand years ago, for this vapour, by its continual progress, ever
subtilizes the crude and impure, and as continually carries away the pure
with itself. This is the circulation and reiteration of Nature. All places
are being more and more purified: and the purer they become the nobler are
their products. In the winter this unctuous vapor is congealed by the frost.
At the return of spring it is set free, and is the Magnesia which attracts
to itself the kindred Mercury of the air, and gives life to all things
through the rays of the Sun, the Moon and the Stars, thus bringing forth
grass, flowers, and the like, for Nature is never idle Even during a single
moment. This then, is the only true account of the generation of Metals. The
earth is purged by a long distillation, and when the unctuous or fatty
vapour approaches, the same are procreated, nor are they ever otherwise
begotten notwithstanding the imaginations of those who misinterpret on this
point the writings of the philosophers.

                                 FIFTH TRACT

                  On the generation of all kinds of Stones

The substance of stones is the same as that of all other things; and their
quality is determined by the purity of the places in which they arise when
the four elements distil their vapour to the centre of the earth, the
Archeus of Nature expels and sublimes it in such a manner that it carries
with it in its passage through the pores of the earth, all the impurities of
these places up to the surface, where they are congealed by the air, all
that pure air engenders being congealed by crude air, their ingression being
mutual, so that they join one with another, since Nature rejoices in Nature.
Thus rocks and stones are gradually built up and generated. Now the larger
the pores of the earth, the greater is the quantity of impurities carried
upward; and thus the earth is most completely purified under those places
where there is a great accumulation of stones or rocks at the surface, and
in this manner the procreation of metals becomes easier in these places.
This explains the fact that metals are scarcely ever found in plains, but
nearly always in the bowels of rocky hills. The plains are often moist with
elemental water which attracts to itself the rising vapour, and with it is
digested by the rays of the Sun into the rich clay which potters use. In
places where the soil is gross, and the vapour contains neither unctuousness
nor sulphur, it produces herbs and grass in the meadows. The precious
stones, such as diamonds, rubies, and emeralds, chrysopras, onyx, and
carbuncle, are all generated in the same manner as ordinary stones. When the
natural vapour is sublimed by itself without sulphur or the unctuosity of
which we have spoken and reaches a place where there is pure salt water
(i.e., in very cold places, where our sulphur cannot exist, for could it
exist, this effect would be hindered), diamonds are formed. The unctuous
sulphur which rises with the vapour cannot move without warmth and is
instantly congealed. When it reaches a slightly cold place, leaving the
vapour to continue its upward movement without it. Colours are imparted to
precious stones in this way. When the unctuous sulphur is congealed by the
perpetual motion, the spirit of the water digests it in passing and purifies
it by the water of the salt, until it assumes a red or white colour. This
colour is volatilized by so many repeated distillations, and at length is
borne upward with the purifying vapour, which by its aid is able to enter
imperfect bodies, and thus to pervade them with colour; the colour is united
to the partly congealed water and fills all its pores so that the two are
absolutely one. For water which has no spirit is congealed by heat, and
water which has a spirit is congealed by cold; but he who knows how to
congeal water by means of heat, and to join to it a spirit, is like to
discover something a thousand times more precious than gold, or anything
which is in the world. Let him separate the spirit from the waters in order
that it may putrefy, and that the grain may appear. Then let him purge off
the dross, and reduce the spirit to water. This union will produce a branch
which bears little resemblance to the parent stem.

                               SIXTH TREATISE

                Concerning the Second Matter and Putrefaction

We have spoken of the first matter of all things, and after what manner they
are born by Nature without seed, that is, after what manner Nature receives
the matter from the elements whereof she engenders seed. We will now
consider this seed and the things evolved from it. Everything that has seed
is multiplied thereby, but not without the aid of Nature for seed is nothing
but congealed air, or a vaporous humour enclosed in a body; and unless it be
dissolved by a warm vapour, it cannot work. Now, the nature of this seed
which is produced out of the four elements, is threefold: it is either
Mineral, or Vegetable, or Animal. Mineral seed is known only to the Sages.
Vegetable seed is common and vulgar, as we see in fruits. Animal seed is
known by imagination. But vegetable seed exhibits most clearly the process
by which Nature evolves natural objects out of the four elements. Winter is
the cause of putrefaction: it congeals the vital spirit in trees, and when
the heat of the Sun, which magnetically attracts moisture, sets it free, the
natural heat (of the tree) which is thereby stirred up, drives a subtle
vapour of water towards the surface, and makes the sap to flow, always
separating the pure from the impure, though the impure may sometimes precede
the pure. That which is pure is congealed into flowers, the impure becomes
leaves, the gross and thick hardens into bark. The bark of the tree remains
fixed; the leaves fall when the pores are obstructed by heat or cold; the
flowers receive a colour according to the quality of the natural heat, and
bear fruit or seed. We may instance the apple, wherein is the sperm, whence
the tree does not spring; but in this sperm is the seed or grain interiorly,
whence the tree is born even without sperm, for multiplication is not of the
sperm but of the seed. Thus we see how Nature, without our help, creates
vegetable seed out of the four elements. But how about Minerals? Nature
brings forth Mineral or Metallic seed in the bowels of the earth. This is
the reason why so many will not believe in its existence -- because it is
invisible. And on this account the vulgar unbelief is not so greatly to be
wondered at: for if they hardly understand that which is openly before their
eyes, how should they know anything about that which they cannot see. Yet,
whether they believe it or not, the fact remains the same, and it is most
true that which is above is as that which is below, and that which is born
above has origin from the same source which is at work down below, even in
the bowels of the earth. What prerogative have vegetables above metals that
God should give seed to the one and withhold it from the other? Are not
metals as much in His sight as trees? It is certain that nothing can grow
without seed; for that which has no seed, is dead. The four elements must
either bring forth metallic seed or produce metals without seed. In the
latter case, they cannot be perfect: for nothing is complete without seed.
He who can bring himself to believe that metals are destitute of seed, is
unworthy to understand the mysteries of our Art. The metals then really
contain their own proper seed; and it is generated in the following way. The
vapour which (in the manner repeatedly described rises from the earth's
centre, and is called Mercury not on account of its essence but on account
of its fluidity, and the facility with which it adheres to anything, is
assimilated to the sulphur on account of its internal heat; and, after
congelation, is the radical humour. Thus metals are indeed generated out of
mercury; but those ignorant persons who say that this first substance of
metals is ordinary mercury, confound the whole hole body with the seed that
is in it, seeing that common mercury, too, contains metallic seed, as well
as the other metals. Let us illustrate the matter by the analogy of the
human body. Therein it is certain that there is a seed whereby the species
of mankind is propagated. That body (which may be likened to common mercury)
contains seed, which is not seen, and of which the quantity is very small in
proportion to the size of the whole body: the process of generation is
performed not by the whole body, but by this seminal "congealed watery
vapour." But as no vital generation could take place if the body were
dissected in order to get at the seed, as the murdering of the body would
kill the seed -- so ignorant Alchemists may be said to murder the body and
kill the seed of metals, when they dissolve their bodies, whether of gold,
silver, or lead, and corrode them with aqua fortis, in order to obtain the
metallic seed. All multiplication is performed by means of male and female
seed; and the two (which by themselves are barren) must be conjoined in
order to bring forth fruit, i.e., a new form. Whosoever, therefore, would
bring forth any good thing must take the sperm or the seed, and not the
entire body. Take, then, the living male and the living female, and join
them in order that they may project a sperm for the procreation of a fruit
according to their kind, for let no one presume to suppose that he can make
the first matter. The first matter of man is earth, and there is no one so
bold as to dream that he can create a man. God alone can perform this
artifice. But if the second substance (or seed) which is already created, be
put in the proper place, Nature will produce a new form of the same species.
The Artist only separates what is subtle from its grosser elements, and puts
it into the proper "vessel." Nature does the rest. As a thing begins, so it
ends. Out of one arise two, and out of two one -- as of God the Father there
was begotten God the Son, and from the two proceeded God the Holy Ghost.
Thus was the world made, and so also shall it end. Consider carefully these
few points, and you will find, firstly the Father, then the Father and the
Son, lastly, the Holy Spirit. You will find the four elements, the four
luminaries, the two celestials, the two centrics. In a word there is
nothing, has been, and shall be nothing in the World which is otherwise than
it appears in this symbol, and a volume might be filled with its mysteries.
I say, therefore, it is the attribute of God alone to make one out of one,
you must produce one thing out of two by natural generation. Know, then,
that the multiplying sperm is the second substance, and not the first. For
the first substance of things is not seen, but is hidden in Nature or the
elements: the second substance is occasionally seen by the children of
knowledge.

                              SEVENTH TREATISE

                 Concerning the Virtue of the Second Matter

But in order that you may the better know this second matter, I will
describe to you its virtues. Nature is divided into three kingdoms, the
mineral, the vegetable, and the animal. It is manifest that the mineral
kingdom could subsist of itself were there no vegetables or animals in the
world; the vegetable in like manner, is independent of the animal and
mineral. These two kingdoms were created in independence. The animal kingdom
alone depends for its subsistence on the two others, and is the most noble
and excellent of all; and seeing that it is the last of the three, it
governs the two others, because virtue expends itself at the third, even as
it is multiplied in the second. In the vegetable kingdom the first substance
is the herb or the tree, which you cannot create, but which is produced by
Nature alone. The second substance is the seed which you see, by which herbs
and trees are propagated. In the animal kingdom the first substance is the
beast or man, whom you cannot create; but the seed, or second substance, by
which they are propagated, you know. In the mineral kingdom, too, you are
unable to create a metal, and if you boast that you can do so, Nature will
laugh at your pretensions; given even the possession of that first matter
which is vaunted by the philosophers, namely, the centric salt, you cannot
multiple it without gold; but the vegetable seed of metals is known only to
the Sons of Science. In the case of plants, the seed is seen outwardly, and
is digested by warm air. In animals the seed appears inwardly and outwardly,
and is prepared in the kidneys of the male. Water is the seed of minerals,
in the very centre of their heart and life; and the "kidneys of its
digestion" are fire. The receptacle of vegetable seed is the earth; the
receptacle of animal seed the womb of the female; and air is the receptacle
of water -- the mineral seed. The receptacles of seed are the same as
congelations of bodies; digestion is the same as solution, and putrefaction
the same as destruction. The specific property of seed is to enter into
union with other substances belonging to the same kingdom, because it is
subtle, and, in fact, air congealed by fatness into water. It is
recognizable by the fact that it does not become naturally united to
anything outside the kingdom to which it belongs. It is not dissolved, but
only congealed, as it does not need solution but only congelation. Hence it
is necessary that the pores of bodies be opened to admit the sperm, in the
centre of which lies the seed (which is air). When it enters its proper womb
it is congealed, and congeals the pure or mixed substance which it finds. So
long as there is any seed in the body the body lives; when it is all
consumed the body dies; and any emission of seed weakens the body, as may be
seen in the case of dissolute persons, and of trees which have been too
richly laden with fruit. The seed, then, is invisible, but the sperm can be
seen, and is even as a living soul, which is not found in dead things. It is
extracted after two manners, of which the first is gentle and the second
violent. Nothing is produced without seed, but everything comes into being
by means of seed. Let all sons of knowledge remember that seed is vainly
sought in dry trees, and that it is found only in those which are green.

                              EIGHTH TREATISE

               How Nature operates trough our Art in the Seed

Seed in itself produces no fruit, if it be not placed by Nature or Art in
its own proper womb. Though seed in itself is the most glorious of all
created things, yet the womb is its life, which causes the putrefaction of
the enclosing grain or sperm, brings about the congelation of the vital
atom, nourishing and stimulating its growth by the warmth of its own body.
All this is constantly and regularly being enacted (by months, years, and
seasons) in the above said three natural kingdoms. The process can be
hastened artificially in the vegetable and mineral, but not in the animal
world. In the mineral kingdom, Art can do something which Nature is unable
to perform, by removing the crude air which stops up the outward pores of
minerals, not in the bowels of the earth but in the circumference. The
elements vie in projecting their seed into the centre

of the earth in order that it may there be digested. The centre, by a
caloric movement, emits it into the womb; of these wombs there are an untold
number -- as many as there are places, and one place always purer than
another. Know that a pure womb will bring forth a pure form of its own
species. For instance, as among animals there are wombs of women, cows,
mares, bitches, so in the mineral world there are metals, stones, and salts.
Now salts principally demand consideration, with their localities, according
as they are less or more important.

                               NINTH TREATISE

     On the Commixtion of Metals, and the Eliciting of the Metallic Seed

We have spoken hitherto of Nature, of Art, of bodies, sperm and seed. Let us
now proceed to the practical enquiry, how metals should be mixed, and how
they are mutually related. For as a woman is generated in the same womb, and
out of the same seed as a man, and the only difference is in the degree of
digestion, and the purity of the blood and salts, so silver is produced from
the same seed, and in the same womb as gold; but the womb of the silver had
more water, and, as it were less digested blood than that of gold, according
to the times of the celestial moon. But if you would understand the sexual
union of the metals and their manner of emitting and receiving seed look at
the celestial bodies of the planets. You will see that Saturn is higher than
all the rest, to whom Jupiter succeeds, then Mars, the Sun, Venus, Mercury,
while the last place is occupied by the Moon. The virtues of the planets
descend, but do not ascend; and so as experiences teaches us, Mars is easily
converted into Venus, but not Venus into Mars, which has an inferior sphere.
Also Jupiter may be quickly transmuted into Mercury, because Jupiter has a
higher place; the one is second after the firmament, the other second after
the earth. Saturn is the highest, the Moon lowest; the Sun combines with
all, but is never ameliorated by its inferiors. There is a great
correspondence between Saturn and the Moon, the Sun being medial between
them; as also between Mercury and Jupiter, Mars and Venus, which all have
the Sun as their centre. Most operators know how to transmute iron into
copper, or Venus, without using gold, they also know how to change Jupiter
into Mercury some can prepare the Moon (silver) out of Saturn; but if they
could prepare gold by these changes, their secret would be worth knowing
indeed. For this reason I repeat that it is important to know the mutual
correspondence of metals, and their possibilities of union. There is one
metal which has power to consume all others, for it is, so to speak, their
water, and almost their mother, and is resisted only by the radical humour
of gold and silver, and ameliorated by it. This metal is called Chalybs
(steel). If gold is united to it eleven times, and emits its seed, it is
weakened even unto death; but the Chalybs (steel) conceives and brings forth
a son much nobler than the father; and when the seed of the son is placed in
her womb it purifies it, and renders it a thousand times better fitted to
produce excellent fruit. There is another Chalybs (steel) which is like this
one, and created as a thing by itself by Nature this steel is able, with its
wonderful virtue, to elicit from the rays of the " sun " that which so many
have sought, and which is the chief principle of our Art.

                               TENTH TREATISE

            On the Supernatural Generation of the Son of the Sun

We have treated of those things which are produced by Nature and have been
created by God, so that those who are searchers of this science man
comprehend more easily the possibility of Nature, and the utmost limit of
her powers. I now go on to speak about the method of preparing the
Philosophers Stone. The Stone or Tincture is nothing other than gold
digested to the highest degree. Common gold resembles a plant without seed;
but when such a plant is matured, it produces seed-and so, when gold is
ripened, it produces its seed, or the Tincture. If any one asks why gold and
other metals do not commonly produce seed I answer because the crudity of
the ore, which has not sufficient heat, prevents it from being matured. In
some places pure gold is found which Nature has been striving to mature, but
which has not attained to ripeness on account of the crudity of the air. An
analogous case is that of the orange tree, which bears no fruit in northern
latitudes, because it has not sufficient warmth, while in warmer countries
it ripens the most delicious fruit, and a like result it is possible to
produce in colder countries, by means of artificial heat. The same thing
happens with metallic natures, and so gold may be made to produce seed, by a
wise and judicious Artist who knows how to assist Nature. Should he act
independently of Nature, he would err, for in this science, as in all
others, we can do nothing but supplement Nature, nor can we otherwise aid
her than through the agency of heat or fire. Now, in order that Nature may
be enabled to work upon a congealed metallic substance, wherein the spirit
does not appear, the body must be dissolved and its pores opened. Now there
are two kinds of solution, the violent and the natural; and under the former
head come all those methods of solution which are in vogue among the vulgar
herd of modern Alchemists, and the same are cold and useless. Natural
solution takes place when the pores of the body are gently opened in our
water, so that the digested seed can be emitted and placed in its womb. Our
water is a water which does not wet the hands; it is a heavenly water, and
yet not rain water. The "Body" is gold, which gives out the seed. Our silver
(not common silver) is that which conceives the seed of the gold. There it
is digested by our continual fire, for seven or even ten months, until our
water consumes three, and leaves one; and this is something twofold. Then it
is nourished with the milk of earth, or the fatness of that which is formed
in the breasts of the earth, and is regulated and conserved by the
putrefaction of the surrounding substance. In this way that infant of the
second generation is born. Now us advance from theory to practice.

                             ELEVENTH TREATISE.

  Concerning the practical preparation of our Stone or Tincture by means of
                                   our Art

Our discourse in preceding chapters has been enlarged by appropriate
examples which well facilitate the understanding of the practice, which, in
accordance with natural procedure, must be performed as follows: take eleven
grains of our earth, by as many doses, one grain of our gold, and two grains
of our silver. Here you should carefully bear in mind that common gold and
silver are of no use for our purpose, as they are dead. Those which I ask
you to take are the living metals. Expose them to the heat of our fire, and
there will come out of them a dry liquid. The earth will first be dissolved
into a water which is called Mercury of the Sages, and this water will
dissolve the bodies of the gold and silver, and consume them, till only the
tenth part with one part remains, which is the radical metallic humour. Then
take the water of saltpetre from our earth, in which is a living river and a
flowing wave. Let this water be clear, and pour on it the radical humour:
expose the whole to the fire of putrefaction and generation, which is not
the same as that of the first operation. Regulate the heat judiciously,
until there appear colours like those of the Peacock's Tail, and then
continue to apply this well-regulated heat until the colours resolve
themselves into a pronounced green. Be not weary but continue till the rest
of the colours have manifested. When you observe at the bottom ashes of a
brown colour, while the water is almost red, you should open the vessel and
dip a feather into it. With this feather smear a morsel of iron, and if it
becomes tinged, pour into the vessel as much of a certain water (which we
will describe hereafter) as there is of crude air which has entered in, and
then again subject it to coction over the same fire, until it colours the
feather again. Further than this my experience does not go. The water I have
mentioned is the menstruum of the world from the sphere of the Moon and so
carefully rectified that it has power to calcine the Sun. Herein have I
desired to discourse everything to your understanding and if sometimes you
will take my meaning rather than my words, you will find that I have
revealed all, more especially as regards the first and second work. It
remains for me to say a few words about the fire. In the first operation the
fire should be of one degree and continuous and should pervade the whole
substance with an even warmth. In the second operation we need a natural
fire, which digests and fixes the substance. Behold, I say unto you the
truth! I have unfolded the regimen of the fire if only you understand
Nature. But it is needful also to speak a few words concerning the vessel,
which ought to be such as is indicated by Nature; and two of these vessels
suffice. In the first operation the vessel should be round; in the second it
should be somewhat smaller; it should also be of glass in the form of a vial
or egg. But, know, above all things, that fire employed by Nature is one and
its differences are determined by differences of distance. The vessel of
Nature is also one, but we use two in order to accelerate the development of
our substance; its material is one, but consists of two substances. If you
would produce anything, look at the things that are produced. If you cannot
understand those which are continually before your eyes, it will go hardly
with you when you seek to produce those which are as yet unseen. Remember
that God alone can create; but He has permitted the Sage to make manifest
things that are hidden and concealed according to the ministry of Nature.
Consider I pray you the simple water of the clouds. Who would believe that
it contains in itself all mundane objects, hard stones, salts, air, earth,
and fire? What shall I say of the earth, which seems simple enough and, and
contains water, fire, salts, air, and much besides? O, admirable Nature, who
knowest by the means of water how to produce the wonderful fruits of earth,
who dost give life to them and nourish them by means of air! Everything
depends upon the faculty of seeing which we bring to the study of nature.
Common eyes, for instance, discern that the sun is hot; the eyes of the Sage
see that the sun itself is cold and that it is only its movements which
produce heat for; its effect is felt at so great a distance in space. The
heat of the sun is the same as our natural fire; for as the sun is the
centre of the planets and thence scatters its heat downward in all
directions, so in the centre of the earth there is a sun of the earth, which
by its perpetual motion drives heat or rays upward towards the surface of
the earth. This inward heat is much more powerful than elemental fire but it
is tempered and cooled by the water which pervades and refreshes the pores
of the earth; otherwise all things would be consumed by its fierceness. In
the same way, the fierce rays of the sun are tempered and assuaged by the
air of the intermediate atmosphere, without which everything would be
consumed, and no generation would be possible. But I must now proceed to
explain after what manner the elements act upon each other. In the centre of
the earth, then, there is a central sun, of which the heat pervades the
whole earth to its surface by reason of the movement thereof, or by the
motion of the firmament thereof. This heat changes the water of the earth
into air (or vapour), which being much more subtle than water, is violently
driven upward through the pores of the earth. But when it reaches the colder
atmosphere it is once more condensed into water and in some places we do
indeed see this water or condensed, air driven highly up into the air by the
force of the central fire: just as a kettle of water when exposed to gentle
heat sends upward a gentle stream of vapour and air, while the steam
thickens and the upward movement becomes more intense when the fire is
kindled into a blaze. By this action of the "central sun" the elements are
distributed over the earth and each finds the place where in can grow. This
upward current of air is not always noticeable because in many places there
is not enough water to make it perceptible: an empty kettle gives out no
steam I say, then, that fire or heat is the cause of the motion of the air,
and the life of all things; and the earth is their nurse, or receptacle. If
our earth and air were not cooled by water, the earth would be parched up,
as it is even now in some places where the pores of the earth are closed up,
and be obstructing the movement of the water would be placed at the mercy of
the two kinds of solar heat. In this way the destruction of the world will
one day be brought about. Now in our Art you should closely imitate these
natural processes. There should be the Central Heat, the change of the water
into air, the driving upward of the air, its diffusion through the pores of
the earth, its reappearance as condensed but volatilized water. Then you
must give our Ancient One gold and silver to swallow and consume, till he
himself is burnt to death and his ashes are scattered into the water, which
you must then subject to coction for a sufficient space of time. The result
will be the Medicine which is a cure for leprosy. But be careful not to take
heat for cold, or cold for heat. Mix only things which are like each other,
and separate contrary elements by means of heat. If you do not follow the
guidance of Nature all your efforts will be in vain. I swear by God that I
have spoken to you as a father should to his son. He that hath ears, let him
hear, and he that hath sense, let him understand.

                               TWELFH TREATISE

                     Concerning the Stone and its Virtue

We have spoken sufficiently in preceding chapters concerning the production
of natural things, the elements, the first and second matters, bodies and
seeds, as also of their use and virtue. I have written also of the
Philosophical Stone, and shall now speak of its virtue, in so far as
experience has discovered it to me. Before, however, I proceed to describe
the virtues of the Stone, I will, for the better understanding of our Art,
once more recapitulate what has already been said. If any one doubts the
reality of our Art, he should read the books of those ancient Sages whose
good faith no one ever yet called in question, and whose right to speak on
this subject cannot be challenged. If you will not believe them, I am not so
foolish as to enter into a controversy with one who denies first principles:
the deaf and dumb cannot speak. Why minerals alone should be excluded from
God's primal benediction, when He bade all things increase and multiply
after their kind, I am unable to see; and if minerals have seed they have it
for the purpose of generic propagation. The Art of Alchemy is true in its
nature. Nature is true also, but a true Artist is rarely found. Nature is
one, our Art is one but the workmen are many. Nature, then, generates things
through the Will of God out of the first Matter (the product of the
elements) which is known to God alone. Nature produces things, and
multiplies them out of the second substance which is known to the Sages. All
elements are mutually dependent, though they do not agree when joined, but
the queen of all is water, because it is the mother of all things --and over
it broods the spirit of fire. When fire acts on water, and strives with it,
the first matter is evolved. Thus arise vapours of sufficient denseness to
combine with earth, by means of that crude air which from the very beginning
was separated from it. This process is going on ceaselessly, by means of
perpetual motion. For motion causes heat, as you may know by continued
friction of any substance. Motion causes heat, heat moves the water; the
motion of water produces air, which is the life of all living things. Thus
all things grow out of water, out of its more subtle vapours are produced
light and subtle things; out of its "oil," things of greater weight; out of
its salt things far more beautiful and precious than the rest. But as Nature
is often hindered by the impurity of this vapour, fatness, and salt, from
producing perfection, experience has taught us to separate the pure from the
impure. Therefore, if you would ameliorate Nature, and produce a more
perfect and elaborated subject, purge the body by dissolution of all that is
heterogeneous, and unite the pure to the pure, the well-digested to the
well-digested, and the crude to the crude, according to the natural and not
the material weight. For you must know that the central saltpetre never
contains more earth than is required whether it be otherwise pure or impure.
But it is different with the fatness of the water, which is never found
pure. Art purges it by the action of twofold heat, and then again combines
its elements.

                                  EPILOGUE

                   or Conclusion of these Twelve Treatises

I have composed, O friendly reader, the preceding twelve treatises for the
benefit of the students of this Art; in order that they might understand the
operations of Nature, and after what manner she produces all things which
are in the world, before they put their hands to any experiment. Otherwise,
they might be trying to open the gate without a key, or to draw water with a
sieve. For in regard to our Holy and Blessed Art, he for whom the sun shines
not, walks in thick darkness, and he who does not see the light of the moon,
is involved in the shades of night. Nature has her own light, which is not
visible to the outward eyes. The shadow of Nature upon our eyes is the body.
But where the light of Nature irradiates the mind, this mist is cleared away
from the eyes, all difficulties are overcome, and things are seen in their
very essence, namely, the inmost heart of our Magnesia, which corresponds to
the respective centres of the Sun and Earth. The bodily nature of things is
a concealing outward vesture. If you dressed a boy and a girl of twelve
years of age in exactly the same way, you would be puzzled to tell which was
the boy and which the girl, but when the clothes are removed they may easily
be distinguished. In the same way, our understanding makes a shadow to the
shadow of Nature, for our human nature is concealed by the body in the same
way as the body by the clothes. I might in this place discourse fully and
philosophically of the dignity of man, of his creation and generation but I
will pass over these themes and touch briefly on his life alone. Man is made
of earth, and lives through air; for air contains the hidden food of life,
of which the invisible spirit, when congealed is better than the whole hole
world. Truly wonderful and admirable are the ways of Nature, who shews to us
day by day the light of truth. I have set down in these twelve Treatises
that which she has revealed to me in order that the God-fearing reader may
more easily understand that which I have seen with my eyes, that which my
hands have performed, without any fraud or sophistication. For without the
light and knowledge of Nature it is impossible to attain to the perfection
of this Art, unless it be revealed to a man by the Spirit, or secretly by a
loving friend. The substance is vile and yet most precious. Take ten parts
of our air; one part of living gold or living silver; put all this into your
vessel; subject the air to coction untiit becomes first water and then
something which is not water. If you do not know how to do this and how to
cook air, you will go wrong, for herein is the true Matter of the
Philosophers. You must take that which is, but is not seen until the
operator pleases. This is the water of our dew, which is extracted from the
saltpetre of the Sages, by which all things grow, exist, and are nourished,
whose womb is the centre of the celestial and terrestrial sun and moon. To
speak more openly, it is our Magnet, which I have already called our
Chalybs, or steel. Air generates this magnet, the magnet engenders or
manifests our air. Thus Hermes says that its father is the Sun, its mother
the Moon, and that the winds have fostered it in their womb, that is to say,
the salt Alkali (called by the Sages salt of Ammonia, or vegetable salt) is
hidden in the womb of Magnesia. The operation thereof is as follows: -- You
dissolve condensed air, and in it a tenth part of gold; seal it up and
expose it to our fire, until the air is changed into powder and there will
be seen, given the salt of the world, a great variety of colours. The rest
of this process and the method of multiplication you will find fully set
forth in the writings of Lullius, and other of the ancient Sages, so
therefore I do not dwell on them being content to treat only of the first
and second matters. This I have done frankly, and with open heart. Think not
that any man in this world has spoken more fully and clearly than I have. I
have not learnt what I tell you from books, but by the experiment of my own
hands. If you do not understand it at first, or are unable to accept the
truth, accuse not my work, but blame rather yourself, believing that God
will not reveal this secret unto you. Take it, then, in all earnestness,
read and again read it, especially the Epilogue of these twelve Treatises,
and diligently consider the possibilities of Nature, the action of the
elements, and which is chief among them, especially in the rarefaction of
air or water, by which the heavens and the whole world were created. This I
admonish you to do, as a father admonishes a son. Do not wonder that I have
written so many Treatises. I am not in need of books for myself but was
impelled to record my experience by pity towards those who are wandering
astray in the darkness of their own conceits; and though I might have set
forth this secret in few words, I have written at great length in order to
equip you with that knowledge of Nature, without which you could not hope to
succeed in this Art. Do not be put out by the seeming contradictions with
which, in accordance with the custom of the Sages, I have had to conceal my
real meaning a little. There is no rose found without thorns. Revolve
diligently in your mind all that I have said about the way in which the
elements distil the Radical Moisture to the centre of the earth, and how the
terrestrial and centric sun again raises and sublimes them, by its continual
motion, to the surface of the earth. Note also the correspondence which has
been affirmed between the celestial and the centric Sun for the celestial
Sun and Moon have a special power and a wonderful virtue in distilling upon
earth by their rays. For heat is easily united to heat, and salt to salt. As
the central sun has its sea and crude perceptible water, so the celestial
sun has its sea of subtle and imperceptible water (the atmosphere). On the
surface of the earth the two kinds of rays meet and produce flowers and all
things. Then rain receives its vital force out of the air, and unites it to
that of the saltpetre of the earth. For the saltpetre of the earth is like
calcined tartar, and by its dryness, attracts air to itself -- which air it
dissolves into water. For this saltpetre itself was once air, and has become
joined to the fatness of the earth. The more abundantly the rays of the sun
descend, the greater is the quantity of saltpetre generated, and so also is
the harvest on earth increased. All this does experience daily teach. I have
willed thus to set forth solely for the benefit of the ignorant the
correspondences which exist between all things, and the efficacious virtue
of the Sun, Moon, and Stars. The wise have no need of such instruction. Our
substance is openly displayed before the eyes of all, and yet is not known.
Oh, how marvellous is our heaven, and our water, and our mercury, and our
saltpetre which are in the world sea, and our vegetable, and our fixed and
volatile sulphur, and our dead head, or dregs of our sea, and our water that
does not wet the hands, and without which no mortal can live -- without
which nothing is born or generated in the whole world! It is lightly
esteemed by men, yet no one can do without it: for it is more precious than
all the world beside, and, in short, it is nothing but our pontic-water
which is congealed in the sun and moon and extracted from the sun and moon,
by means of our chalybs (steel) through the skill of the Sages by a
philosophical artifice and in a surprising manner . . . . . I did not really
intend to publish this book, for reasons that are named in the preface; but
my love for earnest students of this Art got the better of my caution. So
have I sought to make known my good-will to those who knows me, and manifest
unto the initiated that I am their companion and equal, and that I desire
their acquaintance. I doubt not that there are many persons of good conduct
and clear conscience who possess this great gift of God in secret. I pray
and conjure them that they should preserve even the silence of Harpocrates.
Let them be made wise by my example, and take warning from my dangers.
Whenever I have revealed myself to the great, it has always been to my peril
and loss. But by this work I now shew myself to the Sons of Hermes, while at
the same time I instruct the ignorant, and direct lost seekers into the
right path. Let them know that the secret is here as plainly expounded as it
ever will be. I have kept nothing back except the secret of extracting our
"salt of Ammonia," or " Mercury of the Sages " out of our "sea water," and
the great use to which it is put. If I have not expressed myself very
plainly on these points, it is only because I may not do so. The secret can
only be revealed by God, who knows men's hearts and minds, and He will
vouchsafe this knowledge, in answer to earnest and importunate prayer after
a repeated careful perusal of this Book. The vessel, as I have said, is one,
or two at most will suffice; and if you have knowledge of Nature, a
continuous fire, and the right substance, you ought to succeed. Let me
caution you, in conclusion, not to be led astray by those who waste their
time and money on herbs, animals, stones, and all kinds of minerals but the
right ones. Farewell, good reader, and may you long enjoy the results of my
labours, to the glory of God, the salvation of your soul, and the good of
your neighbour.
Sendivogius - The New Chemical Light

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