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WOBURN

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Originally appearing in Volume V28, Page 767 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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WOBURN , a See also:

city of See also:Middlesex See also:county, See also:Massachusetts, U.S.A., ro m. W. by N.W. of See also:Boston. Pop. (1890) 13,499; (1900) 14,254, of whom 3840 were See also:foreign-See also:born and 261 were negroes; (1910, U.S. See also:census) 15,308. See also:Area, 12.6 sq. m. Woburn is served by the See also:southern See also:division of the Boston & See also:Maine railway, and is connected with See also:Burlington, See also:Lexington, See also:Reading, See also:Stoneham, See also:Wilmington, See also:Winchester, See also:Arlington, Boston and See also:Lowell by electric See also:railways. In the city area are several villages, including Woburn proper, known as " the Centre," See also:North Woburn, Woburn See also:Highlands, Cummingsville (in the western See also:part), Mishawum (in the north-See also:east), Montvale (in the east) and See also:Walnut See also:Hill (also in the east). There are two See also:ancient burying-grounds; the See also:oldest, on See also:Park See also:Street, See also:dates from about 1642 and contains the See also:graves of ancestors of four presidents—See also:Cleveland, See also:Benjamin See also:Harrison, See also:Franklin See also:Pierce and See also:Garfield—and a See also:granite See also:obelisk to the memory of Loammi See also:Baldwin (1744-1807). On See also:Academy Hill is the See also:Warren Academy See also:building used by a See also:Free See also:Industrial School. See also:Forest Park (53 acres) is a See also:fine stretch of natural See also:woods, and there are several small parks and squares; on Woburn See also:Common is the Public Library, by H. H. See also:Richardson, the See also:gift of See also:Charles Winn.

The building houses an See also:

art See also:gallery and See also:historical museum, and a library of about 50,000 volumes especially See also:rich in Americana. Among colonial houses still See also:standing are the birthplace of See also:Count See also:Rumford (in North Woburn), built about 1714, and now preserved by the Rumford Historical Association as a depository for the Rumford Library and historical memorials, and the Baldwin See also:mansion (built partly in 1661 and later enlarged), the See also:home of Loammi Baldwin (1780-1838), known as " the See also:father of See also:civil See also:engineering in See also:America." Woburn's manufactories are concentrated within a small area. The city is the most important See also:leather manufacturing centre of New See also:England: in 1905 the value of the leather product was $2,851,5J4, being 61.3% of the value of all factory products ($4,654,067); other manufactures are chemicals, leather-working machinery, boots and shoes, See also:glue and See also:cotton goods. See also:Market gardening is an important See also:industry. Woburn, first settled about 1638-164o, was incorporated as a township under its See also:present name in 1642, and was the first township set off from See also:Charlestown. It then included a large part of the present Winchester and the greater part of the present Wilmington and Burlington, separately organized in 1730 and 1799 respectively. It was named after Woburn in See also:Bedfordshire by its See also:chief founder, See also:Edward See also:Johnson (1599-1672), whose See also:work, The Wonder-Working See also:Providence of See also:Zion's Saviour (1654; latest ed. 1910), was one of the earliest historical accounts of the Massachusetts See also:Bay See also:Colony. The leather industry was established by See also:David Cummings at Cummingsville shortly before the See also:War of See also:Independence. Woburn's industrial growth dates from the construction through the township of the old Middlesex See also:Canal. The city was chartered in 1888. See P.

L. Converse, Legends of Woburn, 1642–1892 (2 vols., Woburn, 1892–1896) ; See also:

Samuel See also:Sewall, See also:History of Woburn, 1640 to 186o (Boston, 1868) ; F. E. Wetherell, Two See also:Hundred and Fiftieth Anniversary of Woburn (Woburn, 1892); and G. M. Champney in S. A. See also:Drake's History of Middlesex County (2 vols., Boston, 1880).

End of Article: WOBURN

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