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wild, yellow or Carolina jessamine, although in no way related to the true jessamines, which belong to the order Oleaceae. It was first described in 164o by See also:

John See also:

PARKINSON, JAMES (d. 1824)

Parkinson, who See also:

GREW, NEHEMIAH (1641-1712)

grew it in his See also:

GARDEN (from O. Fr. garden, mod. Fr. jardin; this, like our words " garth," a paddock attached to a building, and " yard," comes from a Teutonic word for an enclosure which appears in Gothic as gards and O. H. Ger. gart, cf. Dutch gaarde and Ger. .garten)

garden from See also:

SEED (from the root seen in Lat. serere, to sow)

seed sent by Tradescant from Virginia; at the See also:

PRESENT

present See also:

time it is but rarely seen, even in botanical gardens, in See also:

GREAT

Great Britian. The drug contains a volatile oil and two potent alkaloids, gelseminine And gelsemine. Gelseminine is a yellowish, See also:

BITTER, KARL THEODORE FRANCIS (1867– )

bitter substance, readily soluble in See also:

ETHER, (C2H5)2O

ether and See also:

ALCOHOL

alcohol. It is not employed therapeutically. Gelsemine has the See also:

formula CuH19NO2, and is a colourless, odourless, intensely bitter solid, which is insoluble in See also:

WATER

water, but readily forms a soluble hydrochloride. Gelsemium nitidum, See also:

HALF

half natural See also:

SIZE

size; See also:

flower, nat. size. The dose of this See also:

salt is from 4th to Itoth of a See also:

GRAIN (derived through the French from Lat. granum, seed, from an Aryan root meaning " to wear down," which also appears in the common Teutonic word " corn ")

grain.

The See also:

BRITISH

British See also:

PHARMACOPOEIA (lit. the art of the OapµaK07robbs, or drug-compounder)

Pharmacopoeia contains a See also:

TINCTURE (Fr. teinture, Lat. tinctura, tingere, to dye, stain)

tincture of gelsemium, the dose of which is from five to fifteen minims. The drug is essentially a See also:

NERVE (Lat. nervus, Gr. vevpov, a bowstring)

nerve See also:

POISON

poison. It has no See also:

ACTION

action, on the skin and no marked action on the alimentary or circulatory systems. Its action on the cerebrum is slight, consciousness being retained even after toxic doses, but there may be headache and giddiness. The drug rapidly causes failure of See also:

VISION (from Lat. videre, to see), or SIGHT

vision, diplopia, ptosis or falling of the upper eyelid, See also:

DILATATION (from Lat. dis-, distributive, and lotus, wide)

dilatation of the See also:

PUPIL (Lat. pupillus, orphan, minor, dim. of pupus, boy, allied to puer, from root pm- or peu-, to beget, cf. "pupa," Lat. for " doll," the name given to the stage intervening between the larval and imaginal stages in certain insects)

pupil, and a lowering of the See also:

INTRA

intra-ocular tension. This last action is doubtful. The symptoms appear to be due to a See also:

PARALYSIS, or PALSY (from Gr. aapal,6a , to relax; Wycliffe has palesy, and another old form of the word is parlesy)

paralysis of the motor cells that See also:

CONTROL (Fr. contrdle, older form contre rolle, from Med. Lat. contra-rotulus, a counter roll or copy of a document used to check the original; there is no instance in English of the use of " control " in this, its literal, meaning)

control the See also:

INTERNAL

internal and See also:

EXTERNAL

external ocular muscles. The most marked action of the drug is upon the anterior cornua of See also:

grey See also:

MATTER

matter in the See also:

SPINAL

spinal See also:

CORD (derived through the Fr. corde, from the Lat. chorda, Gr. xop(5rt, the string of a musical instrument)

cord. It can be shown by a See also:

PROCESS

process of experimental exclusion that to an See also:

ARREST (Fr. arrester, arreeter, to stop or stay)

arrest of See also:

FUNCTION

function of these cells is due the paralysis of all the voluntary muscles of the See also:

BODY

body that follows the See also:

ADMINISTRATION (Lat. administrare, to serve)

administration of gelsemium or gelsemine. Just before See also:

DEATH

death the sensory See also:

PART

part of the spinal cord is also paralysed, See also:

general See also:

ANAESTHESIA

anaesthesia resulting. The drug kills by its action on the See also:

RESPIRATORY

respiratory centre in the medulla oblongata. Shortly after the administration of even a moderate dose the respiration is slowed and is ultimately arrested, this being the 'cause of death.

In cases of poisoning the essential treatment is artificial respiration, which may be aided by the subcutaneous See also:

EXHIBITION

exhibition of See also:

STRYCHNINE

strychnine. Though the drug is still widely used, the rational indications for its employment are singularly rare and uncertain. The conditions in which it is most frequently employed are See also:

CONVULSIONS

convulsions, See also:

BRONCHITIS

bronchitis, severe and purposeless coughing, myalgia or See also:

MUSCULAR

muscular See also:

pain, See also:

NEURALGIA (Gr. veiipov, nerve, and iXyos, pain)

neuralgia and various vague forms of pain.

End of Article: GELSEMIUM

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