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FUCHOW

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Originally appearing in Volume V11, Page 272 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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FUCHOW , FU-CHAU, Foocxow, a See also:

city of See also:China, See also:capital of the See also:province of Fu-kien, and one of the See also:principal ports open to See also:foreign See also:commerce. In the See also:local See also:dialect it is called Hokchiu. It is situated on the See also:river See also:Min, about 35 M. from the See also:sea, in 26° 5' N. and 119 ° 20' E., 140 M. N. of See also:Amoy and 28o S. of Hang-chow. The city proper, lying nearly 3 M. from the See also:north See also:bank of the river, is surrounded by a See also:wall about 30 ft. high and 12 ft. thick, which makes a See also:circuit of upwards of 5 M. and is pierced by seven gateways surrounded by tall fantastic See also:watch-towers. The whole See also:district between the city and the river, the See also:island of Nantai, and the See also:southern See also:banks of the Min are occupied by extensive suburbs; and the river itself bears a large floating See also:population. Communication from bank to bank is afforded by a See also:long See also:stone See also:bridge supported by See also:forty solid stone piers in its See also:northern See also:section and by nine in its southern. The most remark-able See also:establishment of Fuchow is the See also:arsenal situated about 3 M. down the stream at See also:Pagoda Island, where the sea-going vessels usually See also:anchor. It was founded in 1867, and is conducted under the direction of See also:French See also:engineers according to See also:European methods. In 187o it employed about moo workmen besides fifty European superintendents, and between that date and x88o it turned out about 20 or 30 small gunboats. In 1884 it was partially destroyed by the French See also:fleet, and for a number of years the workshops and machinery were allowed to stand idle and go to decay. On the 1st of See also:August 1895 an attack was made on the See also:English See also:mission near the city of Ku-chang, 120 M. See also:west of Fuchow, on which occasion nine missionaries, of whom eight were ladies, were massacred.

The See also:

port was opened to European commerce in 1842; and in 1853 the See also:firm of See also:Russell and Co. shipped the first cargoes of See also:tea from Fuchow to See also:Europe and See also:America. The See also:total See also:trade in foreign vessels in 1876 was imports to the value of £1,531,617, and exports to the value of £3,330,489. In 1904 the imports amounted to £1,440,351, and the exports to £1,034,436. The number of vessels that entered in 1876 was 275, and of these 211 were See also:British, 27 See also:German, 1 x Danish and 9 See also:American. While in 1904 480 vessels entered the port, 216 of which were British. A large trade is carried on by the native merchants in See also:timber, See also:paper, woollen and See also:cotton goods, oranges and See also:olives; but the foreign houses mainly confine themselves to See also:opium and tea. Commercial intercourse with See also:Australia and New See also:Zealand is on the increase. The principal imports, besides opium, are shirtings, T-cloths, See also:lead and See also:tin, medicines, See also:rice, See also:tobacco, and beans and peas. Two steamboat lines afford See also:regular communication with Hong-See also:Kong twice a See also:month. The See also:town is the seat of several important See also:missions, of which the first was founded in 1846. That supported by the American See also:board had in 1876 issued 1,3000,000 copies of See also:Chinese books and tracts.

End of Article: FUCHOW

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