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DUTCH TIMOR

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Originally appearing in Volume V26, Page 990 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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DUTCH See also:

TIMOR has an See also:area of a little over 5000 sq. m. Kupang, the See also:chief See also:town of the residency, contains some 8000 inhabitants, of whom 145 are Europeans living in well-built houses, 594 See also:Chinese, and 43 See also:Arabs. In See also:agriculture, See also:European See also:plants have not been successful, and of native products the See also:supply is only sufficient for the See also:home See also:consumption. The export of See also:sandalwood, ponies, See also:cattle, pinang nuts, &c., amounts in a See also:year to only about £8500. Dutch Timor gives its name to a residency comprising, besides its own territory, the small adjacent islands, Rotti, Peman, &c., the Savu islands, See also:Sumba or Sandalwood See also:island, the See also:Solon and Allor See also:group of islands, and the eastern See also:half of See also:Flores, all lying between 8° 5' and 1I° 5' S. and 119° 3' and 125° 15' E., the See also:total area being 17,698 sq. m. It is divided into four administrative districts—Timor, Rotti and Savu, Larantuka (eastern Flores) and Sumba. Pop. of the residency (1905), 308,500. It is possible that the Portuguese visited Timor before the Spaniards did so in 1522. They were, at any See also:rate, established on-the island when the Dutch expelled them from Kupang in 1613. During the 18th See also:century the two See also:powers came frequently into conflict ; and in 1859 their boundaries were settled by treaty. This treaty was replaced by one signed at See also:Lisbon in See also:June 1893. The old treaty had proved irksome in many ways, especially as it See also:left portions of the territory belonging to protected chieftains of each See also:power as enclaves within the boundaries of the other.

This led to frequent disputes, and a mixed boundary See also:

commission was therefore appointed under the new 'treaty and determined ,more satisfactory boundaries. The new treaty, moreover, stipulates that all future disputes shall be referred to See also:arbitration. Equally important is the See also:declaration, signed at the same See also:time, that either power would favour the subjects of the other in granting concessions, &c., to the exclusion of all others. Thus See also:Portugal and See also:Holland secured the exclusive See also:possession of Timor to themselves. See P. A. See also:van der Lith, Nederlands-Indic (See also:Leiden, 1893-1894). H. O. See also:Forbes, A Naturalist's Wanderings in the Eastern See also:Archipelago (See also:London, 1885) ; and other See also:general See also:works (cf. See also:MALAY ARCHIPELAGO). Some of the problems connected with the See also:physical features of Timor are discussed in H. Zondervan's " Timor en de Timoreezen," Tijdschr.

A ardr. Gen. (1888), vol. v. (with bibliography) ; K. See also:

Martin and A. Wichmann, Sammlungen See also:des geologischen Reichsmuseums '(Leiden, 188i-1884) ; A. Wichmann, " Bericht caber eine Reise nach dem indischen Archipel," Tijdschr. Aardr. Gen. (1890-1892), with sketches of Timor, See also:map, &c.; A. Rothpletz, See also:Die See also:Perm-, Trias-, and See also:Jura,-Formation auf Timor and Rotti See also:im indischen Archipel, Palaeontographica (1892) pp. 57-106.

There is a See also:

summary of Rothpletz's results in See also:American Naturalist (1891), See also:XXV. 959-962. For the remarkable flying survey of the See also:south See also:coast by the commandant of the Siboga expedition, exploring the deep seas and See also:fauna of the archipelago, see Bulletin (No. 35) of the Maatsclhappij ter bevordering van het natuurkun onderzoek der N.I. Kolonien; R. Dores, " Apontamentos See also:para um diccionario chorographico de Timor," See also:Bel. See also:Soc. Geogr. Lisbon '(19o1), vol. xix.

End of Article: DUTCH TIMOR

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