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BALLARAT [BALLAARAT]

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Originally appearing in Volume V03, Page 269 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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BALLARAT [BALLAARAT] and BALLARAT See also:EAST, a See also:city and a See also:town of See also:Grenville See also:county, See also:Victoria, See also:Australia, 74 M. by See also:rail W.N.W. of See also:Melbourne. The city and Ballarat East, separated only by the Yarrowee See also:Creek, are distinct municipalities. Pop. of Ballarat (1901) 25,448, of Ballarat East, 18,262. Ballarat is the second city and the See also:chief See also:gold-See also:mining centre of the See also:state. The alluvial gold-See also:fields were the richest ever opened up, but as these deposits have become exhausted the See also:quartz reefs at deep levels have been exploited, and several mines are worked at depths exceeding 2000 ft. The city is the seat of See also:Anglican and See also:Roman See also:Catholic bishops. It has a number of admirable public buildings, while, among several parks and recreation grounds, mention must be made of the See also:fine botanical See also:garden, 75o acres it} extent, where, in See also:Lake Wendouree, See also:pisciculture is carried on with See also:great success. The school of mines is the most important in Australia and is affiliated to the university of Melbourne. Ballarat is an important railway centre and its See also:industries include woollen-milling, See also:brewing, See also:iron-See also:founding, See also:flour-miffing and distilling. Owing to its See also:elevation of 1438 ft. it has an exceptionally cool and healthy See also:climate. Although the See also:district is principally devoted to mining it is well adapted for See also:sheep-farming, and some of the finest See also:wool in the See also:world is produced near Ballarat. The existence of the towns is due to the heavy See also:immigration which followed upon the See also:discovery of the gold-fields in 1851.

In 1854, in their resistance of an arbitrary tax, the miners came into armed conflict with the authorities; but a See also:

commission was appointed to investigate their grievances; and a See also:charter was granted to the town in 1855. In 1870 Ballarat was raised to the See also:rank of a city.

End of Article: BALLARAT [BALLAARAT]

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