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ANDROS, or ANDRO

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Originally appearing in Volume V02, Page 1 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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ANDROS, or ANDRO , an See also:island of the See also:Greek See also:archipelago, the most northerly of the See also:Cyclades, 6 m. S.E. of See also:Euboea, and about 2 M. N. of Tenos; it forms an eparchy in the See also:modern See also:kingdom of See also:Greece. It is nearly 25 M. See also:long, and its greatest breadth is 10 m. Its See also:surface is for the most See also:part mountainous, with many fruitful and well-watered valleys. Andros, the See also:capital, on the See also:east See also:coast, contains about 2000 inhabitants. The ruins of Palaeopolis, the See also:ancient capital, are on the See also:west coast; the See also:town II. Ipossessed a famous See also:temple, dedicated to Bacchus. The island has about 18,000 inhabitants. The island in ancient times contained an Ionian See also:population, perhaps with an admixture of Thracian See also:blood. Though originally dependent on See also:Eretria, by the 7th See also:century B.C. it had become sufficiently prosperous to send out several colonies to Chalcidice (See also:Acanthus, Stageirus, Argilus, Sane). In 48o it supplied See also:ships to See also:Xerxes and was subsequently harried by the Greek See also:fleet.

Though enrolled in the Delian See also:

League it remained disaffected towards See also:Athens, and in 447 had to be coerced by the See also:settlement of a See also:cleruchy. In 411 Andros proclaimed its freedom and in 408 withstood an Athenian attack. As a member of the second Delian League it was again controlled by a See also:garrison and an See also:archon. In the Hellenistic See also:period Andros was contended for as a frontier-See also:post by the two See also:naval See also:powers of the See also:Aegean See also:Sea, See also:Macedonia and See also:Egypt. In 333 it received a Macedonian garrison from See also:Antipater; in 308 it was freed by. See also:Ptolemy I. In the Chremonidean See also:War (266-263) it passed again to Macedonia after a See also:battle fought off its shores. In 200 it was captured by a combined See also:Roman, Pergamene and Rhodian fleet, and remained a See also:possession of See also:Pergamum until the See also:dissolution of that kingdom in 133 B.C. Before falling under See also:Turkish See also:rule, Andros was from A.D. 1207 till 1566 governed by the families See also:Zeno and Sommariva under Venetian See also:protection.

End of Article: ANDROS, or ANDRO

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ANDROTION (c. 350 B.c.)

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