<!DOCTYPE ETS PUBLIC "-//UMDLPS//DTD EEBOPROOF 2.0//EN">
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<REVDESCR>
<CHANGE>
<DATE>2014-10-07</DATE>
<RESPSTMT>
<NAME>Simon Charles</NAME>
<RESP>MURP</RESP>
</RESPSTMT>
<ITEM>Proofed and reviewed as part of batch Z140413.pdcc.</ITEM>
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<EEBO>
<IDG S="marc" R="OX" ID="B24230">
<STC T="W">H2303</STC>
<BIBNO T="umi">99831974</BIBNO>
<VID>198823</VID>
</IDG>
<TEXT LANG="eng">
<BODY>
<DIV1 TYPE="proposal">
<PB REF="1" MS="y">
<HEAD><GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="OXF" EXTENT="1 word"> true and only Cau&s;es of the vvant of Money in the&s;e Kingdoms; And the Remedies. Mentioned in the&s;e General A&s;&s;ertions, in order to more particular Demon&s;trations, how the&s;e Kingdomes may yet be made the Riche&s;t, and mo&s;t Powerful, Kingdoms in the World.</HEAD>
<DIV2 TYPE="part">
<P>_THe&s;e Kingdoms may be Exceedingly increa&s;ed in Riches and Power, by the indu&s;trious Labours of the multitude, carefully, and diligently Employed, to pre&s;erve, Improve, and increa&s;e, their mo&s;t profitable native Produce, Manufactures, and Shipping, for by Improving and Increa&s;ing them, our Exportations will be much Increa&s;ed.</P>
<P N="2">2. But our Exportations may be very great, and yet the&s;e Kingdoms may in a &s;hort time become very poor, weak, and contemptible, if there &s;hould be more goods Imported, and con|&s;umed in the&s;e Kingdoms, then the yearly values of our Native Produce, and of our Manufactures Exported, &s;hall amount unto.</P>
<P N="3">3. For the vain and exce&s;&s;ive wa&s;ting of the inhabitants (e&s;pecially upon Forreign Growth, and Manufactures) maintains their poor; and Exports our Stock, and di&s;courageth, and Im|poveri&s;heth our Poor, and our Artificers, who leave us, and Inrich Forreigners. And the&s;e are the true cau&s;es of the want of Money in the&s;e Kingdoms.</P>
<P N="4">4. For though all our Exportations and Importations in Trade will be near equal in value, accounting the values in Forreign parts (fir&s;t deducting the charges there) of what is Exported <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="OXF" EXTENT="1+ letters">her, or imported from thence by us, and accounting the charges, and values in the&s;e Kingdoms, of what is Imported or Exported by Forreigners.</P>
<P N="5">5. Yet if the values Exported, be more then of Goods Imported and con&s;umed, the Remainder (to make it equal in value) will be Imported in Bullion, Plate, Money, or Jewels, or will be converted <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="OXF" EXTENT="1+ letters">to a Trading Stock for the future benefit of the&s;e Kingdoms. For the yearly increa&s;e thereof will be &s;o much added to our Exportation.</P>
<P N="6">6. Though therefore particular per&s;ons &s;hould be much Impoveri&s;hed, by idly mi&s;pending too much time, and Money, in Gaming, and Drinking, or in Plays, Shews, and &s;uch like divertions, or by <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="OXF" EXTENT="1+ letters">igious, unprofitable Law-&s;uits, occa&s;ioning the neglect of grater concernments, or by being cheated, by Thefts, Lotteries, exce&s;&s;ive u&s;ery, by Extortions, or by colour of office,</P>
<P N="7">7. Yet if (by Increa&s;ing the profitable labours of the Inhabitants, and moderate u&s;ing them) our Exportations &s;hould be much increa&s;ed, and if by our forbearing exce&s;&s;ive Con&s;umptions of the forreign <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="OXF" EXTENT="1+ letters">oduce, and Manufactures, our Importations &s;hould be decrea&s;ed, then would the Merchants bring into the&s;e Kingdoms as much in value (to increa&s;e the Riches and &s;trength thereof) as our Exportati|<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="OXF" EXTENT="1+ letters">s are more then our Con&s;umptions of the &s;aid Forregin, Produce, and Manufactures.</P>
</DIV2>
<DIV2 TYPE="part">
<HEAD>To Export more then we Import and Con&s;ume.</HEAD>
<P N="8">8. Our Exportations &s;hould be Increa&s;ed, and our Importations dimini&s;hed; which may be effected by the indu&s;trious Inhabitants diligently, and profitably imployed, to Increa&s;e and Improve their mo&s;t <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="OXF" EXTENT="1+ letters">ofitable Native Produce, manufactures, and Shipping; and to invite in u&s;eful Forreigners to a&s;&s;i&s;t us therein; and by forbearing Forreign &s;uperfluous trifles; and moderate u&s;ing their more nece&s;&s;ary goods.</P>
<P><LIST>
<ITEM>To Increa&s;e our Exportations.
<LIST>
<ITEM>May Increa&s;e and Improve
<LIST>
<ITEM>Their Native Produce.
<LIST>
<ITEM>By being Indu&s;triou&s;ly, diligently, and Artificially Imployed, to increa&s;e, pre&s;erve, and improve, the mo&s;t profitable, and u&s;eful of them, and by &s;pending frugally out of them,</ITEM>
<ITEM>And what may (by frugality) be &s;pared there out, might be Exported, and vended, at &s;ea&s;onable times, upon rea&s;onable re&s;trictions, and cu&s;toms fir&s;t paid.</ITEM>
</LIST></ITEM>
<ITEM>Manufactures
<LIST>
<ITEM>By making them good, to increa&s;e their e&s;teem,
<LIST>
<ITEM>Imploying none to make any for Forreign &s;ail, but &s;uch as are approved of, to be able Arti&s;ts.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Puni&s;hing tho&s;e that make them Defective.
<LIST>
<ITEM>If the Cities, and Corporations, mo&s;t conveniently &s;eated for cloathing &s;hould, have the &s;earching, and &s;ealing of them (the Kings Aulnager being fir&s;t &s;atisfied) then if they &s;eal any Defective Clothes, they might forfeit the values according to the Statute of the 4th and 5th. of Phil. and Mary, Chap. 5.</ITEM>
</LIST></ITEM>
<ITEM>Rewarding tho&s;e that make them be&s;t. The&s;e Cities, and Corporations would emulate, and &s;trive to excel each others in making good Clothes.</ITEM>
</LIST></ITEM>
<ITEM>By affording them cheape&s;t to increa&s;e their vent.
<LIST>
<ITEM>By the diligent indu&s;try, and frugality, of tho&s;e that are imployed therein; and by le&s;&s;ening the &s;uperfluous Exce&s;s, and number, of Forreign retailers,</ITEM>
<ITEM>By inhabiting the cheape&s;t (convenient) places for making them, and by Exporting them from The neare&s;t Ports, (not to the next) but be&s;t markets.</ITEM>
<ITEM>By u&s;ing all advantages of Arts, Ingins, and creatures, to &s;pare the labour of carriage, and of doing that by many, which may as well be done, by a few.</ITEM>
<ITEM>By paying &s;mall Intere&s;t for money.
<LIST>
<ITEM>Whereby they that take up Money to imploy in Increa&s;ing, or improving, our Produce, or Manufactures, and the Merchants that take up Money to Trade with, may afford them cheaper: Onely plenty of Money makes Intere&s;t low, <HI>Et contra.</HI></ITEM>
</LIST></ITEM>
<ITEM>But Erecting Lumbards, or bancks of charity, would much help the indigent, indu&s;trious poor, and abate the Extor&s;ive U&s;ury, practi&s;ed on them.</ITEM>
<ITEM>By &s;mall Taxes upon &s;uch of the Inhabitants as are imployed in making Manufactures and in the mo&s;t profitable Labours.</ITEM>
<ITEM>By &s;mall cu&s;toms on &s;uch wrought goods Exported as Forreigners can as well make, and on &s;uch unwrought goods Imported, as are u&s;eful to us.</ITEM>
</LIST></ITEM>
<ITEM>By u&s;ing them our &s;elves.
<LIST>
<ITEM>Prohibiting the Importation of De&s;tructive, or needle&s;s Manufactures, &s;uch as would &s;erve but to corrupt the natives.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Putting great Cu&s;toms on wrought goods Imported (if Bulky) and unwrought goods Exported.</ITEM>
<ITEM>All concerned in the making, or Di&s;po&s;ing of them (e&s;pecially our factors) &s;hould, by their Examples, invite others to u&s;e them.</ITEM>
</LIST></ITEM>
</LIST></ITEM>
<ITEM>And Shiping
<LIST>
<ITEM>By Building in the cheape&s;t, and conveniente&s;t places, &s;uch great Ships, and Bu&s;&s;es, as may be mo&s;t &s;ervicable for the Voyages, Ports, and Fi&s;hings, for which they are intended.</ITEM>
<ITEM>By Increa&s;ing and Incouraging.
<LIST>
<ITEM>Merchants,
<LIST>
<ITEM>By &s;pecial priviledges, and Immunities.
<LIST>
<ITEM>To delight, and become Expert in Merchantdi&s;ing, and in Building Ships rather then Hou&s;es.</ITEM>
<ITEM>To gain mo&s;t of the Exportation, Importation, and Tran&s;portation, to them&s;elves.</ITEM>
</LIST></ITEM>
<ITEM>By erecting four or five Companies, and Coun&s;els for Trade, to whom all Ports may be free for Goods Imported by them tell &s;old, and who by other &s;pecial priviledges might be encouraged and inabled.
<LIST>
<ITEM>To govern and regulate skilfully, our Manufacture.</ITEM>
<ITEM>To imploy, and improve, the Kingdoms Stock, and publick Bancks, in Trade,</ITEM>
<ITEM>To increa&s;e, improve, and &s;ettle, our Plantations.</ITEM>
<ITEM>To enrich the&s;e Kingdoms, by increa&s;ing, and improving, our mo&s;t profitable fi&s;hings.</ITEM>
</LIST></ITEM>
<ITEM>By &s;uffering them to trade to any of our Plantations, and (as freely as any Forreigners) to any part of the world, they imploying (mo&s;t, of) our native Seamen</ITEM>
</LIST></ITEM>
<ITEM>Seamen.
<LIST>
<ITEM>By &s;ome convenient free Ports for his Maje&s;ties Subjects (imploying mo&s;t the Native Seamen) to increa&s;e, our Tran&s;portation.</ITEM>
<ITEM>By freeing their Per&s;ons from Impri&s;onments, for &s;mall debts, or in Per&s;onal Actions, between private per&s;ons.</ITEM>
<ITEM>By imploying them in Land Services, or Southerne Voyages, or the Coal-Trade, or in fi&s;hing in Pinks, <HI>&amp;c.</HI> in the winter.</ITEM>
</LIST></ITEM>
</LIST></ITEM>
</LIST></ITEM>
</LIST></ITEM>
<ITEM>May invite Foreigners.
<LIST>
<ITEM>To labour for our benefit.
<LIST>
<ITEM>As a con&s;iderable in number, of Seamen, and Fi&s;hermen, and &s;uch as might be u&s;efully imployed, to increa&s;e the va&s;t Trades, of Tran&s;portation, and Fi&s;hing.</ITEM>
<ITEM>And &s;uch Arti&s;ts as are be&s;t skilled, in building Ships, or Bu&s;&s;es, <HI>&amp;c.</HI> and in the Linnen, woollen, and Silk, Manufactures.</ITEM>
</LIST></ITEM>
<ITEM>To imploy our Natives.
<LIST>
<ITEM>As all Merchants, and others, that will Trade, or imploy their &s;tocks, in our Ships, or Companies, or in their Banks.</ITEM>
<ITEM>All indu&s;trious per&s;ons (conforming to the Government of our Plantations) might profitably be admitted, to Plant, in any of them.</ITEM>
</LIST></ITEM>
</LIST></ITEM>
</LIST></ITEM>
<ITEM>To dimini&s;h our Importations.
<LIST>
<ITEM>May forbear to Import, or exceed in, Forreign Lace, Ribonds, Pictures, or &s;uch like unnece&s;&s;ary, and u&s;ele&s;s Trifles.</ITEM>
<ITEM>May moderately u&s;e.
<LIST>
<ITEM>Meat, and drink; laying greater cu&s;toms on wines fruits, &s;pice, Suger, and Tobacco, and on other unnece&s;&s;ary Forreign Superfluities.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Cloathing; &s;ettling con&s;tant decent frugal fa&s;hions according to the &s;everal qualities of per&s;ons, con&s;uming therein &s;paringly, Forreign Manufactures.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Building; prohibiting Building for &s;even years upon any new foundations, excepting Sea Port Towns, or near &s;ome Navigable River.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Furnitures, the u&s;efulne&s;s &s;hould be more regarded therein, then the co&s;tline&s;s.</ITEM>
</LIST></ITEM>
<ITEM>May le&s;&s;en the exce&s;&s;ive number of Coaches, able Idlers; and Idle debauched Servants. Such &s;ervants &s;hould be taught Trades, at Idle times, to prevent their future beggery.</ITEM>
</LIST></ITEM>
</LIST></P>
<P>Thus by our diligent care, and labour, in increa&s;ing and improving our u&s;eful Native Produce, Manufactures, and Shiping, and by our frugal, and careful, u&s;e of them, we may benefit our &s;elves, and <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="OXF" EXTENT="1+ letters">ld, for &s;upplying their wants we may enrich our &s;elves, and by being u&s;eful to them, may increa&s;e their friend&s;hip to us, and dependance upon us.</P>
<P>And (although it is of greate&s;t concernment to the&s;e Kingdoms &s;o much to improve, and increa&s;e, our Produce, Manufactures, and Shipping, wherein our wealth, and &s;afety con&s;i&s;ts, that there &s;hould <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="OXF" EXTENT="1 word"> want inhabitants for the&s;e profitable Imployments, then Imployments for the Inhabitants) yet if any of the Inhabitants &s;hould not be fully Imployed therein, it would be advantageous, to imploy <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="OXF" EXTENT="1 word"> mending High-ways or in making Bridges or Cau&s;waies, that thereby the Portage of Goods may be ea&s;ier, and cheaper, or in making Keys, or Moles for Shipping, or in mending Harbours, or in <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="OXF" EXTENT="1+ letters">ing Sea Ports, or in &s;etting up Land Marks, or in &s;uch like Imployments, for the &s;ecurity of Shipping.</P>
<P>Or it would be &s;afer, more profitable, and le&s;s chargeable, to the&s;e Kingdoms to imploy the poor, that want other Imployments, in making Inclo&s;ures, or Fortifications, or in planting Trees, or in <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="OXF" EXTENT="1+ letters">g Store-Hou&s;es, or Work-Hou&s;es, or other publick &s;tructures, then to &s;uffer them to be idle, and take ill cour&s;es.</P>
<P>The better to explain the&s;e a&s;&s;ertions, it may be con&s;idered, that fruitful Countreys, &s;o well provided with all nece&s;&s;aries <HI>for Food and Rayment, &amp;c.</HI> that they can Export more of them to &s;trangers, the<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="OXF" EXTENT="1+ letters"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="OXF" EXTENT="1+ letters">ed to Import, and con&s;ume, may pre&s;erve them&s;elves from being Impoveri&s;hed, though they &s;hould have little or no Forreign Trade, and may maintain them&s;elves with nece&s;&s;aries, though half <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="OXF" EXTENT="1+ letters">+<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="OXF" EXTENT="1+ letters">nts, that are able and fit to work &s;hould be idle or unprofitably imployed.</P>
<P>The&s;e three Kingdoms are &s;uch, and therefore if eight Millions of the Inhabytants thereof are able to work, four Millions of them are &s;ufficient to provide nece&s;&s;aries for them all.</P>
<P>And though two Millions of the other four were imployed in providing for the &s;uperfluous delights, and plea&s;ures, of the Inhabitants, yet if they would exceed no more then the value of what the tw<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="OXF" EXTENT="1+ letters"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="OXF" EXTENT="1 word"> can provide, any part of the other two Millions might be imployed in the warrs, or in any other publick imployments, and the&s;e Kingdoms would not be impoveri&s;hed by maintaining them.</P>
<P>This will hold proportionably to the number of Inhabitants that are really in the&s;e Kingdoms, &s;o that a fourth part may well be imployed, by his Maje&s;ty, or his Subjects in the warrs, or towards the i<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="OXF" EXTENT="1+ letters"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="OXF" EXTENT="1 word"> the &s;trength; and Riches, of the&s;e Kingdoms;</P>
<P>Then his Maje&s;ty doth not imploy the tenth part of tho&s;e he might well imploy without Impoveri&s;hing the&s;e Kingdoms, if the idlene&s;s; and exce&s;s, of the Inhabitants did not hinder.</P>
<P>We may likewi&s;e con&s;ider, that if the Riches and con&s;equently the &s;trength of the&s;e Kingdoms are decrea&s;ed (as certainly they are) it is not the greatne&s;s of Taxes which (being well expended) is b<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="OXF" EXTENT="1+ letters"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="OXF" EXTENT="1+ letters">uting of it by tho&s;e that are rich to tho&s;e that are poorer among&s;t us) that cau&s;eth the decrea&s;e; but becau&s;e the greate&s;t part of tho&s;e that are able, and fit to work, are idle; or labour in vain, by &s;pen<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="OXF" EXTENT="1+ letters"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="OXF" EXTENT="1+ letters">e only in providing to maintain, the exce&s;&s;ive, and wa&s;tful, Expences of them&s;eves, and of the other Inhabitants, and &s;uch do no more increa&s;e the Riches, and &s;trength of the&s;e Kingdoms, <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="OXF" EXTENT="1 span"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="OXF" EXTENT="1+ letters">a&s;ed by them, if they remained idle.</P>
<P>For the&s;e Kingdoms are at as much charge to maintain &s;uch, as live idly, or are imployed only in providing to maintain the exce&s;&s;ive expences, of them&s;elves, and the re&s;t of the inhabitan<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="OXF" EXTENT="1+ letters"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="OXF" EXTENT="1 span"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="OXF" EXTENT="1+ letters">r more impoveri&s;hed by maintaining them, then they would be if they paid &s;o much in Taxes as would maintain as many Souldiers though their poverty comes more incen&s;ibly upon <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="OXF" EXTENT="1 span"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="OXF" EXTENT="1+ letters">paing Taxes.</P>
<P>That cu&s;toms, and import exci&s;e may be &s;o laid on, and ordered, that the inhabitants of the&s;e Kingdoms, may grow richer by them, then they would, if they were wholy taken away.</P>
<P>And (though Land Taxes were more then double what they are now) the Inhabitants of the&s;e Kingdoms, may be &s;o imployed, that mo&s;t may find plenty, and few want, and the&s;e Kingd<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="OXF" EXTENT="1+ letters"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="OXF" EXTENT="1 span"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="OXF" EXTENT="1+ letters">y be made the Riche&s;t, the mo&s;t powerful, and flouri&s;hing, Kingdoms, and his Maje&s;ty may become the mo&s;t Powerful, and the Riche&s;t Monarch, in the World, without any inju&s;tice to <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="OXF" EXTENT="1 span"> and with little effu&s;ion of Blood. All which, and much more &s;hall at convenient opportunities <HI>(God willing)</HI> be fully Demon&s;trated, By <HI>J. H. E&s;q;</HI></P>
</DIV2>
</DIV1>
</BODY>
<BACK>
<DIV1 TYPE="colophon">
<P>The &s;econd Edition, Corrected and Enlarged</P>
<P>With All <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="OXF" EXTENT="1 span"></P>
<P>LONDON, Pri<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="OXF" EXTENT="1+ letters"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="OXF" EXTENT="1 span"></P>
</DIV1>
</BACK>
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