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<NAME>Alexis Jakobson</NAME>
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<DIV1 TYPE="half title">
<PB REF="223">
<PB REF="223">
<P>MEMOIRS OF <HI>EDM&V;ND L&V;DLOW,</HI> E&s;q;</P>
<P>VOL. II.</P>
</DIV1>
<DIV1 TYPE="memoirs">
<PB REF="224">
<PB N="435" REF="224">
<HEAD>MEMOIRS OF <HI>EDM&V;ND L&V;DLOW,</HI> E&s;q;</HEAD>
<P>THE Act for putting a Period to the Parliament was &s;till before a Commit|tee of the whole Hou&s;e, who had made a con&s;iderable Progre&s;s therein, having agreed upon a more equal Di&s;tribution of the Power of Election throughout <HI>England:</HI> And whereas formerly &s;ome Boroughs that had &s;carce a Hou&s;e upon them cho&s;e two Members to be their Repre&s;entatives in Parliament, (ju&s;t as many as the greate&s;t Cities in <HI>England, Lon|don</HI> only excepted) and the &s;ingle County of <HI>Cornwall</HI> elected forty four, when <HI>E&s;&s;ex</HI> and other Counties bearing as great a &s;hare in the Payment of Taxes, &s;ent no more than &s;ix or eight; this unequal Repre&s;entation of the People the Parliament re&s;olved to correct, and to permit only &s;ome of the principal Cities and Boroughs to chu&s;e, and that for the mo&s;t part
<PB N="436" REF="225"> but one Repre&s;entative, the City of <HI>London</HI> only exceptd, which on account of the great proportion of their Contributions and Taxes were allowed to elect &s;ix. The re&s;t of the four hundred, whereof the Parliament was to con|&s;i&s;t, (be&s;ides tho&s;e that &s;erved for <HI>Ireland</HI> and <HI>Scotland)</HI> were appointed to be cho&s;en by the &s;everal Counties, in as near a proportion as was po&s;&s;ible to the Summs charged upon them for the Service of the State, and all Men admitted to be Electors who were worth two hundred Pounds in Lands, Lea&s;es or Goods.</P>
<P>Divers Informations were brought again&s;t the <HI>Iri&s;h</HI> for Murders committed at the begin|ning of the Rebellion, and &s;ince upon the <HI>Eng|li&s;h.</HI> The Principal of the Accu&s;ed were Col. <HI>Maccarty Reagh,</HI> who was &s;eized in the County of <HI>Cork;</HI> the Lord <HI>Mayo</HI> in the County of <HI>Gal|way;</HI> the Mother of Col. <HI>Fitz-Patrick</HI> in the Province of <HI>Leinster,</HI> with many others. And for the Encouragement of the Plantations in <HI>Ireland,</HI> the Parliament permitted the People of <HI>England</HI> to tran&s;port thither all &s;orts of Cattel and Grain free of all Cu&s;tom, and ordered that their Commi&s;&s;ioners in <HI>Ireland</HI> &s;hould rai&s;e a Revenue there for all &s;uch as had been wounded and di&s;abled, and for the Widows and Chil|dren of tho&s;e that had been killed in the Pub|lick Service.</P>
<P>The Vice Admiral of Prince <HI>Rupert</HI>'s Fleet carrying forty Pieces of Cannon, was brought into <HI>Plymouth</HI> by the Engli&s;h Seamen &s;he had
<PB N="437" REF="225"> on board, who finding a favourable occa&s;ion, near <HI>Cape de Verd,</HI> &s;eized the Captain and the re&s;t of the Company, being all <HI>French</HI> and <HI>Dutch:</HI> Upon which the Council of State re|ceived Orders from the Parliament to reward the &s;aid Seamen, and to prepare an Act to en|courage others to follow their Example.</P>
<P>The <HI>Dutch</HI> Admiral <HI>Van Trump,</HI> with one hundred and ten Ships of War, and &s;ome Fire-&s;hips, being joined by &s;eventeen Men of War from <HI>Zealand,</HI> &s;ailed from <HI>Goree</HI> with Orders to convoy &s;afe out of the Channel a Fleet of near five hundred Merchant-Ships, de&s;igned for <HI>France, Spain, Portugal, Italy, Barbary,</HI> and the <HI>Levant,</HI> and to take all the Advantages he could again&s;t the <HI>Engli&s;h.</HI> Hereupon the Par|liament pa&s;&s;ed an Act for the Sale of the E&s;tates of &s;ome, who having been adjudged Delin|quents, had refu&s;ed to lay hold of the Favour extended to them of Compounding; which they did to ea&s;e the People of &s;ome part of the Charge of this War again&s;t the <HI>Dutch;</HI> yet their Occa&s;ions were &s;o pre&s;&s;ing, that they were con&s;trained to lay a Tax for &s;ome Months of one hundred and twenty thou&s;and Pounds a Month, which the People willingly paid, be|cau&s;e they knew that it was wholly employed in their Service.</P>
<P>Mo&s;t of the <HI>Dutch</HI> Merchant-Ships were by bad Weather and contrary Winds driven back into their Harbours, but their Men of War kept out at Sea; and <HI>Van Trump</HI> having re|ceived
<PB N="438" REF="226"> Advice that Admiral <HI>Blake</HI> had &s;ent away twenty of his Ships to convoy a Fleet of Laden Colliers from <HI>Newcastle,</HI> twelve towards <HI>Plymouth,</HI> and fifteen up the River, which had &s;uffered &s;ome Damage by Storm, and that he had left with him but thirty &s;even Ships of War, came into the <HI>Downs</HI> with four&s;core Men of War, and thirty of the able&s;t Merchant|men of the Fleet he was appointed to convoy. Notwith&s;tanding which Inequality of Number it was unanimou&s;ly re&s;olved in a Council of War to fight the <HI>Dutch</HI> Fleet. Accordingly a day or two after ours engaged them about Noon, and the Fight continued till Night &s;epa|rated them. In this Fight we lo&s;t two Ships, the <HI>Garland</HI> of 40, and the <HI>Bonaventure</HI> of 36 Guns; and tho' in recompence we burnt one of their Admirals, and killed many of their Men, particularly two Secretaries who were on board their Admiral, yet the <HI>Dutch</HI> were exceeding|ly elevated with this little Succe&s;s; and being informed that the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Fleet was in great want of all &s;orts of Naval Stores, they pub|li&s;hed a Placaet to prohibit the Exportation of them hither under &s;evere Penalties. They al&s;o threat'ned to drive us out of the I&s;lands which we po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ed in <HI>America,</HI> and to that end &s;ent &s;ome Ships to join Prince <HI>Rupert,</HI> which with tho&s;e revolted <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> made up in all twenty five Sail. The King of <HI>Denmark</HI> likewi&s;e pro|mi&s;ed to a&s;&s;i&s;t them by the next Spring with thirty Ships of War for the Summ of one Mil|lion
<PB N="439" REF="226"> of Guilders, which they agreed to pay to him.</P>
<P>In the mean time the Parliament, having re|ceived Information of the Misbehaviour of &s;ome Officers in the late Engagement, appoin|ted a Committee, whereof Sir <HI>Henry Vane,</HI> Mr. <HI>John Carew,</HI> and Major <HI>Salloway,</HI> were the principal, impowering them to place and di|&s;place Officers, and to regulate all Matters re|lating to the Sea, in &s;uch a manner as might be mo&s;t conducing to the Service of the State. The&s;e Commi&s;&s;ioners u&s;ed &s;uch Care and Dili|gence in the di&s;charge of this Tru&s;t, that the face of Affairs &s;oon became much alter'd for the better; the Ships that were un&s;erviceable re|paired, a con&s;iderable Fleet put to Sea well officer'd and well mann'd, the Store-hou&s;es re|pleni&s;h'd with all manner of nece&s;&s;ary Provi&s;i|ons, and thirty Frigats preparing to be built. Lieutenant General <HI>Monk</HI> was al&s;o added to the Generals <HI>Blake</HI> and <HI>Dean,</HI> in the room of Col. <HI>Edward Popham</HI> lately decea&s;ed, to take care of the equipping and commanding the Fleet. And that nothing might be wanting on our part to pre&s;erve a good Corre&s;pondence with &s;uch Fo|reign States as were in Amity with us, the Par|liament &s;ent the Lord Commi&s;&s;ioner <HI>Whitlock</HI> on an extraordinary Emba&s;&s;y to the Crown of <HI>Sweden,</HI> where he was received with all the Ho|nours due to his Character.</P>
<P>The Commi&s;&s;ioners for the <HI>Iri&s;h</HI> Affairs be|ing at <HI>Dublin,</HI> Lieutenant General <HI>Fleetwood</HI>
<PB N="440" REF="227"> came thither with his Family; after who&s;e Ar|rival a Commi&s;&s;ion was i&s;&s;ued out for the Trials of &s;uch as were accu&s;ed of having murdered the <HI>Engli&s;h,</HI> which was directed to Per&s;ons of known Ability and Integrity in each Province. To tho&s;e formerly accu&s;ed, was added the Lord <HI>Muskerry,</HI> who was charged to have put many <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Men to death in the way between his Hou&s;e of <HI>Mackroom</HI> and the City of <HI>Cork.</HI> Up|on this Accu&s;ation the &s;aid Lord was &s;eized, and ordered to be pro&s;ecuted by the Court of Ju&s;tice at <HI>Dublin</HI> for the &s;ame. The Commi&s;&s;i|oners al&s;o by Order of the Parliament publi&s;h|ed a Declaration to inform the Publick, and particularly the Adventurers, who had ad|vanced Money upon the <HI>Iri&s;h</HI> Lands, that the War in <HI>Ireland</HI> was concluded. This they did as well that the &s;aid Adventurers might have what was ju&s;tly due to them, as that the poor wa&s;ted Country of <HI>Ireland</HI> might have the A&s;&s;i&s;tance of their own Pur&s;es and Labour, to recover the Stock and Growth of the Land; the <HI>Iri&s;h</HI> having all along eaten out the Heart and Vigour of the Ground, and of late much more than ever, being in daily Apprehen&s;ions of being removed.</P>
<P>All Arrears due to the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Army in <HI>Ire|land</HI> were &s;atisfied by the Parliament out of the E&s;tates forfeited by the Rebels, which were delivered to them at the &s;ame Rates with the fir&s;t Adventurers. In this Tran&s;action tho&s;e of the Army &s;hewed great Partiality, by confining
<PB N="441" REF="227"> the Satisfaction of Arrears only to &s;uch as were in Arms in <HI>Augu&s;t</HI> 1649. which was the time when the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Army commanded by Lieu|tenant General <HI>Cromwel</HI> arrived in <HI>Ireland;</HI> and tho' the hard&s;hips endured by tho&s;e who were in Arms before had been much greater, yet no|thing could be obtained but &s;uch a Proportion of Lands in the County of <HI>Wicklo,</HI> and el&s;e|where, as was not &s;ufficient to clear the fourth part of what was due to them. Tho&s;e who &s;o|licited the Affairs of the Army in <HI>Ireland</HI> with the Parliament, having per&s;uaded the Adven|turers that there were Forfeited Lands enough in one Moiety of nine principal Counties, they accepted of them for their Satisfaction, and the other Moiety was a&s;&s;igned by the Act for the Satisfaction of the Soldiers; the re&s;t of <HI>Ire|land</HI> was al&s;o di&s;po&s;ed of, only the Province of <HI>Connaught</HI> was re&s;erved for the <HI>Iri&s;h</HI> under the Qualifications agreed upon by the Parliament: According to which they were to be put into po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ion of the &s;everal Proportions of Land which had been promi&s;ed them in the &s;aid Pro|vince; that &s;o the Adventurers, Soldiers, and others to whom the Parliament &s;hould a&s;&s;ign their Lands, might plant without di&s;turbance, or danger of being Corrupted by intermixing with the Natives in Marriages or otherwi&s;e, which by the Experience of former times the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> had been found to be, rather than to have bettered the <HI>Iri&s;h</HI> either in Religion or good Manners: and that the Natives being di|vided
<PB N="442" REF="228"> by the River <HI>Shannon</HI> from the other Pro|vinces, and having Garri&s;ons placed round and among&s;t them in the mo&s;t proper and conve|nient Stations, they might not have tho&s;e Op|portunities to prejudice the Engli&s;h as formerly they had. An Act being drawn up to this pur|po&s;e, the Parliament pa&s;&s;ed it, re&s;erving the Counties of <HI>Dublin, Kildare, Carlo</HI> and <HI>Cork,</HI> (together with the remaining part of the Lands formerly belonging to the Bi&s;hops, Deans and Chapters of <HI>Ireland,</HI> whereof &s;ome had been already applied, to augment the Revenues of the College of <HI>Dublin)</HI> to be di&s;po&s;ed of as the Parliament &s;hould think fit.</P>
<P>The Forfeited Lands were divided between the Adventurers and Soldiers by Lot, accord|ing to an E&s;timate taken of the Number of Acres in the re&s;pective Counties, in conformity to an Order from the Commi&s;&s;ioners of Parlia|ment; by whom were appointed Sub-Com|mi&s;&s;ioners to judge of the Qualifications of each Per&s;on, and others, who upon Certificate from the Sub-Commi&s;&s;ioners for determining Qualifi|cations, were required to &s;et out &s;o much Land in the Province of <HI>Connaught</HI> as belonged to every one by virtue of the &s;aid Act. They al|&s;o e&s;tabli&s;hed a Committee to &s;it at <HI>Dublin</HI> to receive and adjudge all Claims of Engli&s;h and others to any Lands, limitting a time within which they were obliged to bring in and make appear their re&s;pective Claims to be Legal; to the end that the Adventurers, Soldiers, and
<PB N="443" REF="228"> others, might be at a certainty, and after &s;uch a time free from any Mole&s;tation in the po&s;&s;e&s;|&s;ion of their Lands; and that none through Ig|norance or Ab&s;ence might be &s;urprized, they prorogued the &s;aid time twice or thrice to a longer day.</P>
<P>The Courts of Ju&s;tice erected at <HI>Dublin</HI> and in other Parts, proceeded vigorou&s;ly in making Inqui&s;ition after the Murders that had been committed: <HI>Maccarty Reagh,</HI> after much &s;earch into the Matter whereof he &s;tood accu&s;ed, was acquitted by the Court &s;itting at <HI>Cork;</HI> and &s;o was the Lord <HI>Clanmaliere</HI> by that of <HI>Kilken|ny;</HI> but the Mother of Col. <HI>Fitz-Patrick</HI> was found guilty of the Murder of the Engli&s;h, with this Aggravation, that &s;he &s;aid &s;he would make Candles of their Fat. She was condemned to be burnt, and the Sentence was executed ac|cordingly. Col. <HI>Lewis Moor</HI> and <HI>Lewis Demley</HI> were al&s;o found guilty of Murder, for which they were hanged. Sir <HI>Charles Coote,</HI> with the re&s;t of the Court of Ju&s;tice in the Province of <HI>Connaught,</HI> proceeded again&s;t the Lord <HI>Mayo,</HI> and declared him guilty of the &s;ame Crime, for which he was executed accorded to the Sentence pronounced again&s;t him.</P>
<P>The Trial of the Lord <HI>Muskerry</HI> was long, by rea&s;on of a Clau&s;e which he urged in his Defence from a printed Copy of the Articles made with him; which tho' it had been unju&s;t for me to grant in the Terms there mentioned, yet would have cleared him, and thrown the
<PB N="444" REF="229"> Blame and Guilt upon me; for Articles given ought to be made good. But this Clau&s;e upon &s;earch into the Original, which I kept, appeared to have been in&s;erted by them&s;elves in the Print which they produced for Evidence, under pre|tence of having lo&s;t the Original Articles &s;igned by me. Notwith&s;tanding which, it appearing that tho' divers of the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> were murdered by the Convoy appointed to conduct them &s;afe to <HI>Cork,</HI> the Lord <HI>Muskerry</HI> had taken what care he could for their &s;ecurity, and had done what in him lay to bring the Per&s;on who was guilty of that Blood to Ju&s;tice, the Court ac|quitted him, and he was permitted according to his Articles to pa&s;s into <HI>Spain.</HI> I have heard that upon his arrival in that Kingdom, a Facti|on appeared again&s;t him, upon account of his former Oppo&s;ition to the Pope's Nuncio in <HI>Ire|land;</HI> &s;o that he finding but cold Entertain|ment there, entred into a Treaty to put him&s;elf and his Men into the Service of the <HI>Venetians.</HI></P>
<P><HI>Luke Took,</HI> the Head of a Sept in the Coun|ty of <HI>Wicklo,</HI> being con&s;cious of his Guilt, had formerly de&s;ired my Pa&s;s to come and Treat with me about Conditions for laying down the Arms of him&s;elf and Party; and to induce me to give him more favourable Terms, &s;aid, he had a Hor&s;e and Saddle worth a hundred Pounds, which he de&s;ired I would accept of. I refu&s;ing his Pre&s;ent, he took it as an ill Omen to him; for they are &s;o accu&s;tomed to Bribe their Magi&s;trates in that Country, that if any
<PB N="445" REF="229"> one refu&s;e their Pre&s;ents, they pre&s;ently con|clude him to be their Enemy, and give their Cau&s;e for lo&s;t; and therefore he &s;ubmitted not at that time. But now &s;uppo&s;ing he could by no means avoid falling into our hands, by rea|&s;on of the number of our Gari&s;ons placed in all Parts among&s;t them, who by this time were as well acquainted with their Retreats and Fa&s;t|ne&s;&s;es as them&s;elves, and it may be thinking there would not appear &s;ufficient Evidence to prove him guilty, he &s;ubmitted upon the &s;ame Condition I had formerly offered to him, which was, <HI>That he &s;hould be liable to be que&s;tioned for Murder,</HI> whereof being accu&s;ed before the Court at <HI>Dublin,</HI> he was convicted, &s;entenced, and executed.</P>
<P>Sir <HI>Phelim O Neal,</HI> Head al&s;o of a Sept, and one who had as great a &s;hare as any in the contriving and carrying on the Ma&s;&s;acre and Rebellion, &s;ell into the Hands of the Lord <HI>Caw|field,</HI> who&s;e Brother he had cau&s;ed to be mur|dered at the beginning of the Rebellion in this manner. <HI>O Neal</HI> being a Neighbour of the Lord <HI>Cawfield,</HI> came to him under the pretence of Friend&s;hip, with about half a dozen Friends, to his Ca&s;tle of <HI>Charlemont,</HI> where being re|ceived, he and tho&s;e that were with him were carried to drink in the Cellar by the Lord <HI>Caw|field,</HI> (both of them being too much addicted to that which the World calls good Fellow&s;hip.) After &s;ome time Sir <HI>Phelim O Neal</HI> fires a Pi&s;tol, which was a Signal agreed on, and immediate|ly
<PB N="446" REF="230"> thirty Iri&s;h entred and &s;urprized the Ca&s;tle, taking the Lord, his Mother, Lady, and Chil|dren, with the re&s;t of the Family Pri&s;oners; and after three or four days murdered the Lord <HI>Cawfield,</HI> the re&s;t hardly e&s;caping with their Lives. But now the Commi&s;&s;ioners of Parlia|ment having by their pre&s;cribed Lines, within which all were obliged to inhabit, withdrawn Provi&s;ions from the Enemy, who could not be &s;upplied without hazard of their Lives, thought fit as a further means to reduce them, to &s;et a Sum of Money upon the Heads of the Princi|pal of tho&s;e who yet per&s;i&s;ted in their Rebel|lion, upon &s;ome twenty, others forty, and up|on Sir <HI>Phelim O Neal</HI> a hundred Pounds, to bring him dead or alive. This was &s;uch an In|couragement to look after him, that one of the Country People having notice that he was in an I&s;land in the North, gave Intelligence thereof to the Lord <HI>Cawfield,</HI> who having brought toge|ther a Party of Hor&s;e and Foot, entred the I&s;land in Boats, and &s;eized him there. From thence he carried him to <HI>Dublin,</HI> where divers of his Cruelties to the Engli&s;h being proved again&s;t him, he was &s;entenced by the Court of Ju&s;tice to be put to death, and his Head to be &s;et upon the Gate that &s;tands at the Foot of the Bridge, which was put in execution accordingly.</P>
<P>Thus the Enemy by the Ble&s;&s;ing of God up|on the Coun&s;els of the Parliament, and Endea|vours of their Armies, was every where di&s;|per&s;ed and conquered, and the Nation likely to
<PB N="447" REF="230"> attain in a &s;hort time that mea&s;ure of Happine&s;s which humane things are capable of, when by the Ambition of one Man the Hopes and Ex|pectations of all good Men were di&s;appointed, and the People robbed of that Liberty which they had contended for at the Expence of &s;o much Blood and Trea&s;ure.</P>
<P>General <HI>Cromwel</HI> had long been &s;u&s;pected by wi&s;e and good Men; but he had taken &s;uch Care to form and mould the Army to his Hu|mour and Intere&s;ts, that he had filled all Places either with his own Creatures, or with &s;uch as hoped to &s;hare with him in the Sovereignty, and removed tho&s;e who fore&s;eeing his De&s;ign, had either the Courage or Hone&s;ty to oppo&s;e him in it. His pernicious Intentions did not di&s;cover them&s;elves openly till after the Battel at <HI>Worce&s;ter,</HI> which in one of his Letters to the Parliament he called <HI>The Crowning Victory.</HI> At the &s;ame time when he di&s;mi&s;&s;ed the Militia, who had mo&s;t readily offered them&s;elves to &s;erve the Commonwealth again&s;t the <HI>Scots,</HI> he did it with Anger and Contempt, which was all the Acknowledgment they could obtain from him for their Service and Affection to the Publick Cau&s;e. In a word, &s;o much was he elevated with that Succe&s;s, that Mr. <HI>Hugh Pe|ters,</HI> as he &s;ince told me, took &s;o much notice of it, as to &s;ay in confidence to a Friend upon the Road in his return from <HI>Worce&s;ter, That</HI> Crom|wel <HI>would make him&s;elf King.</HI> He now began to di&s;pi&s;e divers Members of the Hou&s;e whom
<PB N="448" REF="231"> he had formerly courted, and grew mo&s;t fami|liar with tho&s;e whom he u&s;ed to &s;hew mo&s;t Aver&s;ion to; endeavouring to oblige the Royal Party, by procuring for them more favourable Conditions than con&s;i&s;ted with the Ju&s;tice of the Parliament to grant, under colour of quiet|ing the Spirits of many People, and keeping them from engaging in new Di&s;turbances to re&s;cue them&s;elves out of tho&s;e Fears, which many who had acted for the King yet lay un|der; tho' at the &s;ame time he de&s;igned nothing, as by the Succe&s;s was mo&s;t manife&s;t, but to ad|vance him&s;elf by all manner of means, and to betray the great Tru&s;t which the Parliament and good People of <HI>England</HI> had repo&s;ed in him. To this end he pre&s;&s;ed the Act of Oblivion with &s;o much Importunity, that tho' &s;ome Members earne&s;tly oppo&s;ed its bearing date till after &s;ome Months, as well in Ju&s;tice to tho&s;e of that Party who had already fined for their Delinquen|cy, that others as guilty as them&s;elves might be upon an equal foot with them, as that the State might by that means be &s;upplied with Money, which they wanted, and that &s;uch who had been plundered by the Enemy, might receive &s;ome Satisfaction from tho&s;e who had ruined them, yet nothing could prevail upon the Gene|ral; and &s;o the Act was pa&s;&s;ed: The Parliament being unwilling to deny him any thing for which there was the lea&s;t colour of Rea&s;on.</P>
<P>But tho' he had gained this Point, and eager|ly coveted his own Advancement, he thought
<PB N="449" REF="231"> it not convenient yet to unmask him&s;elf; but rather to make higher Pretences to Hone&s;ty than ever he had done before, thereby to en|gage Major General <HI>Harri&s;on,</HI> Col. <HI>Rich,</HI> and their Party, to him&s;elf. To this end he took all occa&s;ions in their Pre&s;ence to a&s;per&s;e the Par|liament, as not de&s;igning to do tho&s;e good things they pretended to; but rather intending to &s;upport the corrupt Intere&s;ts of the Clergy and Lawyers. And tho' he was convinced that they were ha&s;tning with all Expedition to put a Period to their &s;itting, having pa&s;&s;ed a Vote that they would do it within the &s;pace of a Year, and that they were making all po&s;&s;ible Prepa|rations in order to it; yet did he indu&s;triou&s;ly publi&s;h, that they were &s;o in love with their Seats, that they would u&s;e all means to perpe|tuate them&s;elves. The&s;e and other Calumnies he had with &s;o much Art in&s;inuated into the Belief of many hone&s;t and well meaning Peo|ple, that they began to wi&s;h him Pro&s;perity in his Undertaking. Divers of the Clergy from their Pulpits began to prophecy the De&s;truction of the Parliament, and to propo&s;e it openly as a thing de&s;irable. In&s;omuch that the General, who had all along concurred with this Spirit in them, hypocritically complained to Quarter-Ma&s;ter General <HI>Vernon, That he was pu&s;hed on by two Parties to do that, the con&s;ideration of the I&s;&s;ue whereof made his Hair to &s;tand an end.</HI> One of the&s;e, &s;aid he, is headed by Major General <HI>Lambert,</HI> who in revenge of that Injury the
<PB N="450" REF="232"> Parliament did him, in not permitting him to go into <HI>Ireland</HI> with a Character and Conditi|ons &s;utable to his Merit, will be contented with nothing le&s;s than their Di&s;&s;olution: Of the other Major General <HI>Harri&s;on</HI> is the Chief, who is an hone&s;t Man, and aims at good things, yet from the Impatience of his Spirit will not wait the Lord's lei&s;ure, but hurries me on to that which he and all hone&s;t Men will have cau&s;e to repent. Thus did he craftily feel the Pul&s;e of Men towards this Work, endeavour|ing to ca&s;t the Infamy of it on others, re&s;erving to him&s;elf the appearance of Tenderne&s;s to Ci|vil and Religious Liberty, and of skreening the Nation from the Fury of the Parties before|mentioned.</P>
<P>This Mine of his was not wrought with &s;o much Privacy but it was ob&s;erved by &s;ome di&s;|cerning Men of the Parliament, e&s;pecially by tho&s;e who had the Direction and Management of the War with <HI>Holland.</HI> The&s;e Men endea|voured to countermine him two ways: Fir&s;t by balancing his Intere&s;t in the Army with that of the Fleet, procuring an Order from the Parliament, who&s;e Ear they had upon all occa&s;ions, by rea&s;on of the Impor|tance of the War with the <HI>Dutch,</HI> to &s;end &s;ome Regiments of the Army to &s;trengthen the Fleet; and &s;econdly by recommending, as an ea&s;ie way to rai&s;e Money in that Exigency, the Sale of <HI>Hampton-Court,</HI> and other Places, that were e&s;teemed as Baits to tempt &s;ome ambitious
<PB N="451" REF="232"> Man to a&s;cend the Throne. The Parliament having ordered the&s;e things to be done, the General, &s;en&s;ible of the De&s;ign, and of the Con|&s;equences of &s;uffering the Army to be new-moulded, and put under another Conduct, made ha&s;te to execute his former Re&s;olutions, railing to Col. <HI>Okey</HI> and other Officers of the Army again&s;t divers Members of the Parlia|ment&punc; affirming that little Good could be ex|pected from that Body where &s;uch Men had &s;o great an Influence. At the &s;ame time he made the mo&s;t &s;olemn Profe&s;&s;ions of Fidelity to the Parliament, a&s;&s;uring them, that if they would command the Army to break their Swords over their Heads, and to throw them into the Sea, he would undertake they &s;hould do it. Yet did he privately engage the Officers of the Ar|my to draw up a Petition to the Parliament, That for the Satisfaction of the Nation they would put that Vote which they had made for fixing a Period to their &s;itting, into an Act; which whil&s;t the Officers were forming and de|bating, the General having, it &s;eems, for that time altered his Coun&s;els, &s;ent Col. <HI>Desborough,</HI> one of his In&s;truments, to the Council of Offi|cers, who told them, that they were a &s;ort of Men whom nothing could &s;atisfie; That the Parliament were more ready to do any Good than they to de&s;ire it; That they ought to relie upon their Word and Promi&s;e to di&s;&s;olve them|&s;elves by the time prefixed; and that to petition them to put their Vote into an Act, would ma|nife&s;t
<PB N="452" REF="233"> a Diffidence of them, and le&s;&s;en their Au|thority, which was &s;o nece&s;&s;ary to the Army. The General coming into the Council whil&s;t <HI>Desborough</HI> was &s;peaking, &s;econded him; to which &s;ome of the Officers took the Liberty to reply, that they had the &s;ame Opinion of the Parliament and Petition with them, and that the chief Argument that moved them to take this Matter into con&s;ideration, was the Inti|mation they had received, that it was accord|ing to the De&s;ires of tho&s;e who had now &s;poken again&s;t it, and who&s;e latter Motion they were much more ready to comply with than their former. Thus was this Bu&s;ine&s;s &s;tifled for the pre&s;ent, none being &s;o well able to lay the Evil Spirit as tho&s;e that had rai&s;ed it. But either the General's Ambition was &s;o great, that he could not forbear a&s;cending the Throne till the time limited by the Parliament for their &s;itting was expired, or his Fears ha&s;tned him to the Accompli&s;hment of his De&s;ign, le&s;t the di&s;intere&s;ted Proceeding of the Parliament, who were about to leave the Nation under a Form of Government that provided &s;ufficiently for the Good of the Community, might work the People into a greater Aver&s;ion to his &s;elfi&s;h De|&s;ign. Certain it is that he vehemently de&s;ired to be rid of this Parliament that had performed &s;uch great things, having &s;ubdued their Ene|mies in <HI>England, Scotland,</HI> and <HI>Ireland;</HI> e&s;ta|bli&s;hed the Liberty of the People, reduced the Kingdom of <HI>Portugal</HI> to &s;uch Terms as they
<PB N="453" REF="233"> thought fit to grant; maintained a War again&s;t the <HI>Dutch</HI> with that Conduct and Succe&s;s, that it &s;eemed now drawing to a happy Conclu&s;ion; recovered our Reputation at Sea, &s;ecured our Trade, and provided a powerful Fleet for the Service of the Nation. And however the Ma|lice of their Enemies may endeavour to deprive them of the Glory which they ju&s;tly merited, yet it will appear to unprejudiced Po&s;terity, that they were a di&s;intere&s;ted and impartial Parlia|ment, who tho' they had the Sovereign Power of the three Nations in their hands for the &s;pace of ten or twelve Years, did not in all that time give away among&s;t them&s;elves &s;o much as their Forces &s;pent in three Months; no, not &s;o much as they &s;pent in one, from the time that the Parliament con&s;i&s;ted but of one Hou&s;e, and the Government was formed into a Commonwealth. To which ought to be added, that after &s;o many Toils and Hazards, &s;o much Trouble and Lo&s;s for the Publick Good, they were not unwilling to put an end to their Pow|er, and to content them&s;elves with an equal &s;hare with others, for the whole Reward of their Labours. Of this <HI>Cromwel</HI> was very &s;en&s;i|ble, as well as of their great Skill and Experi|ence in the Management of Publick Affairs, and of the good E&s;teem they had acquired among&s;t the mo&s;t di&s;cerning part of the Nati|on, and therefore was very de&s;irous to lay them a&s;ide with as little Noi&s;e as might be. To this end, after he had re&s;olved not to &s;uffer the
<PB N="454" REF="234"> Act for their Di&s;&s;olution to be fini&s;hed, he would needs per&s;wade them to be the In&s;tru|ments of their own De&s;truction, by putting a Period to them&s;elves, and at the &s;ame time in|ve&s;ting a certain Number with the Supreme Authority, not doubting when they had &s;o done, to find Pretences enough to di&s;per&s;e any &s;uch, well knowing that when the face of Ci|vil Authority was once taken away, the Power would naturally fall into the hands of that Per|&s;on who had the greate&s;t Intere&s;t in the Army, which he &s;uppo&s;ed to be him&s;elf. This made him join with Major General <HI>Harri&s;on,</HI> being confident that when he had u&s;ed him and his Party to di&s;&s;olve the pre&s;ent Government, he could cru&s;h both him and them at his plea&s;ure. And tho' it was no difficult matter to di&s;cover this, yet tho&s;e poor, deluded, however well-meaning Men, would not believe it. But all were not &s;o blind, for divers Members of the Parliament whom he endeavoured to cajole into a good Opinion of his De&s;ign, being very &s;en&s;i|ble of the great Mi&s;chiefs that mu&s;t nece&s;&s;arily en&s;ue from &s;uch Cour&s;es, re&s;olved either to di&s;|&s;wade him from them, or endeavour to coun|termine him therein. To this end they had &s;e|veral Meetings with <HI>Cromwel,</HI> at one of which, when he and his Party laboured to &s;hew that it was impo&s;&s;ible for the Parliament, con&s;i&s;ting, as they &s;aid, for the mo&s;t part of Men intere&s;t|ed in the Corruptions of the Law and the Cler|gy, to effect tho&s;e things that good Men ex|pected
<PB N="455" REF="234"> from them, Major <HI>Salloway</HI> de&s;ired of them, that before they took away the pre&s;ent Authority, they would declare what they would have e&s;tabli&s;hed in its room; to which it was replied by one of the General's Party, That it was nece&s;&s;ary to pull down this Go|vernment, and it would be time enough then to con&s;ider what &s;hould be placed in the room of it. So both Parties under&s;tanding one ano|ther, prepared to &s;ecure them&s;elves.</P>
<P>The Parliament now perceiving to what kind of Exce&s;&s;es the Madne&s;s of the Army was like to carry them, re&s;olved to leave as a Lega|cy to the People the Government of a Common|wealth by their Repre&s;entatives, when a&s;&s;em|bled in Parliament, and in the Intervals thereof by a Council of State, cho&s;en by them, and to continue till the Meeting of the next &s;ucceeding Parliament, to whom they were to give an ac|count of their Conduct and Management. To this end they re&s;olved, without any further Delay, to pa&s;s the Act for their own Di&s;&s;oluti|on; of which <HI>Cromwel</HI> having notice, makes ha&s;te to the Hou&s;e, where he &s;at down and heard the Debate for &s;ome time. Then calling to Major General <HI>Harri&s;on,</HI> who was on the other &s;ide of the Hou&s;e, to come to him, he told him, <HI>That he judged the Parliament ripe for a Di&s;&s;olution,</HI> and this to be the time of doing it. The Major General an&s;wered, as he &s;ince told me; Sir, the Work is very great and dange|rous, therefore I de&s;ire you &s;eriou&s;ly to con&s;ider
<PB N="456" REF="235"> of it before you engage in it. You &s;ay well, replied the General, and thereupon &s;at &s;till for about a quarter of an hour; and then the Que&s;ti|on for pa&s;&s;ing the Bill being to be put, he &s;aid again to Major General <HI>Harri&s;on, This is the time I mu&s;t do it;</HI> and &s;uddenly &s;tanding up, made a Speech, wherein he loaded the Parlia|ment with the vile&s;t Reproaches, charging them not to have a Heart to do any thing for the Publick Good, to have e&s;pou&s;ed the corrupt Intere&s;t of Presbytery and the Lawyers, who were the Supporters of Tyranny and Oppre&s;&s;i|on, accu&s;ing them of an Intention to perpetu|ate them&s;elves in Power, had they not been forced to the pa&s;&s;ing of this Act, which he af|firmed they de&s;igned never to ob&s;erve, and thereupon told them, that the Lord had done with them, and had cho&s;en other In&s;truments for the carrying on his Work that were more worthy. This he &s;poke with &s;o much Pa&s;&s;ion and Di&s;compo&s;ure of Mind, as if he had been di&s;tracted. Sir <HI>Peter Wentworth</HI> &s;tood up to an&s;wer him, and &s;aid, That this was the fir&s;t time that ever he had heard &s;uch unbecoming Language given to the Parliament, and that it was the more horrid in that it came from their Servant, and their Servant whom they had &s;o highly tru&s;ted and obliged: But as he was go|ing on, the General &s;tept into the mid&s;t of the Hou&s;e, where continuing his di&s;tracted Lan|guage, he &s;aid, Come, come, I will put an end to your prating; then walking up and down
<PB N="457" REF="235"> the Hou&s;e like a Mad-man, and kicking the Ground with his Feet, he cried out, You are no Parliament, I &s;ay you are no Parliament; I will put an end to your Sitting; call them in, call them in: Whereupon the Serjeant attending the Parliament opened the Doors, and Lieute|nant-Colonel <HI>Wor&s;ley</HI> with two Files of Mu&s;|queteers entred the Hou&s;e; which Sir <HI>Henry Vane</HI> ob&s;erving from his Place, &s;aid aloud, This is not hone&s;t, yea it is again&s;t Morality and Common Hone&s;ty. Then <HI>Cromwel</HI> fell a railing at him, crying out with a loud Voice, O Sir <HI>Henry Vane,</HI> Sir <HI>Henry Vane,</HI> the Lord de|liver me from Sir <HI>Henry Vane.</HI> Then looking upon one of the Members, he &s;aid, There &s;its a Drunkard; and giving much reviling Lan|guage to others, he commanded the Mace to be taken away, &s;aying, <HI>What &s;hall we do with this Bauble? here, take it away.</HI> Having brought all into this Di&s;order, Major-General <HI>Harri&s;on</HI> went to the Speaker as he &s;at in the Chair, and told him, That &s;eeing things were reduc'd to this pa&s;s, it would not be convenient for him to remain there. The Speaker an&s;wered, That he would not come down unle&s;s he were forc'd. Sir, &s;aid <HI>Harri&s;on,</HI> I will lend you my Hand; and thereupon putting his Hand within his, the Speaker came down. Then <HI>Cromwel</HI> applied him&s;elf to the Members of the Hou&s;e, who were in number between 80 and 100, and &s;aid to them, <HI>It's you that have forced me to this, for I have &s;ought the Lord Night and Day, that</HI>
<PB N="458" REF="236"> <HI>he would rather &s;lay me, than put me upon the do|of this Work.</HI> Hereupon Alderman <HI>Allen,</HI> a Member of Parliament, told him, that it was not yet gone &s;o far, but all things might be re|&s;tored again; and that if the Soldiers were commanded out of the Hou&s;e, and the Mace returned, the Publick Affairs might go on in their former Cour&s;e: But <HI>Cromwel</HI> having now pa&s;&s;ed the <HI>Rubicon,</HI> not only rejected his Ad|vice, but charged him with an Account of &s;ome hundred thou&s;and Pounds, for which he threat|ned to que&s;tion him, he having been long Trea|&s;urer for the Army, and in a Rage committed him to the Cu&s;tody of one of the Mu&s;queteeers. Alderman <HI>Allen</HI> told him, That it was well known that it had not been his Fault that his Account was not made up long &s;ince; that he had often tendred it to the Hou&s;e, and that he asked no Favour from any Man in that matter. <HI>Cromwel</HI> having acted this treacherous and im|pious part, ordered the Guard to &s;ee the Hou&s;e clear'd of all the Members, and then &s;eized up|on the Records that were there, and at Mr. <HI>Scobell</HI>'s Hou&s;e. After which he went to the Clerk, and &s;natching the Act of Di&s;&s;olution, which was ready to pa&s;s, out of his Hand, he put it under his Cloak, and having command|ed the Doors to be locked up, went away to <HI>Whitehall.</HI></P>
<P>This villainous Attempt was much encou|raged by <HI>Neiuport</HI> and the other Amba&s;&s;adors lately arrived from <HI>Holland,</HI> with In&s;tructions
<PB N="459" REF="236"> to conclude a Peace; who finding the Parlia|ment &s;upported by the Affections of the People, becau&s;e acting for their Intere&s;t, and therefore not to be forced, much le&s;s cheated into an un|ju&s;t and di&s;advantageous Agreement, in&s;tigated <HI>Cromwel</HI> to take the Power into his hands, well under&s;tanding that he would &s;oon be nece&s;&s;ita|ted to make Peace with them upon what Terms they &s;hould think fit; in the mean time re&s;ol|ving to interrupt our Trade, and to put the Nation to a great Expence to maintain a Fleet for the Guard of the Seas, which they knew the People would be unwilling to keep when they &s;hould perceive that it &s;erved only to up|hold and &s;trengthen a Tyranny. They al&s;o had made Preparations to &s;end over Money, Arms, and Men, with Lieut. Gen. <HI>Middleton,</HI> to enable the Mountaneers of <HI>Scotland</HI> to give Di|&s;turbance to the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Intere&s;t there.</P>
<P><HI>Cromwel</HI> being returned to <HI>Whitehall,</HI> found the Council of War in Debate concerning this Weighty Affair, and informed them, that he had done it, and that they needed not to trouble them&s;elves any further about it. Some of the Officers of the Army well af|fected to the Publick Cau&s;e, and not of his Juncto, of whom were Col. <HI>Okey</HI> and others, repaired to the General, to de&s;ire Satisfaction in that Proceeding, conceiving that the way they were now going, tended to Ruin and Confu&s;i|on. To the&s;e, having not yet taken off his Mask, but pretending to more Hone&s;ty and Self-denial
<PB N="460" REF="237"> than ever, he profe&s;&s;ed him&s;elf re&s;olved to do much more Good, and with more Expedition than could be expected from the Parliament: Which Profe&s;&s;ions from him put mo&s;t of them to &s;ilence, and moved them to a Re&s;olution of waiting for a further Di&s;covery of his De&s;ign, before they would proceed to a Breach and Di|vi&s;ion from him. But Col. <HI>Okey</HI> being jealous that the End would be bad, becau&s;e the Means were &s;uch as made them ju&s;tly &s;u&s;pected of Hy|pocri&s;ie, enquired of Col. <HI>Desborough</HI> what his meaning was to give &s;uch high Commendations to the Parliament, when he endeavoured to di&s;|&s;wade the Officers of the Army from petition|ing them for a Di&s;&s;olution, and &s;o &s;hort a time after, to eject them with &s;o much Scorn and Contempt; who had no other An&s;wer to make, but that if ever he drolled in his Life, he had drolled then.</P>
<P>We who were in <HI>Ireland</HI> being not &s;o well in|formed of the&s;e Clande&s;tine Practices, and no le&s;s confident that the Principles of &s;ome Men who joined in this Attempt were directed to the Good of the Nation; and that tho' &s;ome might be &s;uch arrant Knaves as to have other De&s;igns, yet tru&s;ting that an impo&s;&s;ibility of accompli&s;h|ing the &s;ame would oblige them to fall in with the Publick Intere&s;t, and not to be &s;o very foo|li&s;h to attempt the &s;etting up for them&s;elves, tho' we could not but have &s;ome Doubts of the ill Con&s;equences of the&s;e things, yet thought our &s;elves by the Rules of Charity obliged to
<PB N="461" REF="237"> hope the be&s;t, and therefore continued to act in our Places and Stations as before,</P>
<P><HI>Cromwel</HI> having interrupted the Parliament in the morning of the 20th of <HI>April,</HI> 1653. came in the afternoon to the Council of State, (who were a&s;&s;embled to do their Duty at the u&s;ual place) accompanied with Major-General <HI>Lambert</HI> and Col. <HI>Harri&s;on,</HI> and told them at his entrance; <HI>Gentlemen, If you are met here as private Per&s;ons, you &s;hall not be di&s;turbed; but if as a Council of State, this is no place for you; and &s;ince you can't but know what was done at the Hou&s;e in the Morning, &s;o take notice, that the Parliament is di&s;&s;olved.</HI> To this Serjeant <HI>Brad|&s;haw</HI> an&s;wered; <HI>Sir, we have heard what you did at the Hou&s;e in the Morning, and before many Hours all</HI> England <HI>will hear it: But, Sir, you are mi&s;taken to think that the Parliament is di&s;|&s;olved; for no Power under Heaven can di&s;&s;olve them but them&s;elves; therefore take you notice of that.</HI> Something more was &s;aid to the &s;ame purpo&s;e by Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig,</HI> Mr. <HI>Love,</HI> and Mr. <HI>Scot;</HI> and then the Council of State percei|ving them&s;elves to be under the &s;ame Violence, departed&punc;</P>
<P>Soon after <HI>Cromwel</HI> had thus barbarou&s;ly treated the Parliament, and effaced the Civil Authority, he &s;ent for Major <HI>Salloway</HI> and Mr. <HI>John Carew,</HI> to whom he complained of <HI>the great Weight of Affairs that by this &V;ndertaking was fallen upon him; affirming, that the Thoughts of the Con&s;equences thereof made him to tremble,</HI>
<PB N="462" REF="238"> <HI>and therefore de&s;ired them to free him from the Temptations that might be laid before him; and to that end to go immediately to the Chief Ju&s;tice</HI> St. Johns, <HI>Mr.</HI> Selden, <HI>and &s;ome others, and en|deavour to per&s;wade them to draw up &s;ome In&s;tru|ment of Govennment that might put the Power out of his hands.</HI> To this it was an&s;wered by Major <HI>Salloway; the way, Sir, to free you from this Temptation, is for you not to look upon your &s;elf to be under it, but to re&s;t per&s;waded that the Power of the Nation is in the Good People of</HI> Eng|land, <HI>as formerly it was. Cromwel</HI> perceiving by this An&s;wer that he was better under&s;tood than he could have wi&s;hed, fell upon another Expe|dient before he would openly di&s;cover him&s;elf, appointing a Meeting of the Chief Officers of the Army to be at <HI>Whitehall,</HI> in order to con&s;i|der what was fit to be done in this Exigency.</P>
<P>Major Gen. <HI>Lambert,</HI> Col. <HI>Harri&s;on,</HI> and di|vers other Officers, were at this A&s;&s;embly, where Major <HI>Salloway,</HI> tho' he had then no Command, was de&s;ired to be pre&s;ent. Major Gen. <HI>Lambert</HI> moved that a few Per&s;ons, not exceeding the Number of 10 or 12, might be intru&s;ted with the Supreme Power: Major Gen. <HI>Harri&s;on</HI> was for a greater Number, in|clining mo&s;t to that of 70, being the Number of which the <HI>Jewi&s;h</HI> Sanhedrim con&s;i&s;ted; but after &s;ome Debate it was re&s;olved that out of each County and City in <HI>England, Ireland,</HI> and <HI>Scotland,</HI> a certain Number of per&s;ons, as near as might be proportionable to their Payments
<PB N="463" REF="238"> toward the Publick Charge, &s;hould be nomi|nated by the Council of Officers to be &s;ent for to meet at <HI>We&s;tmin&s;ter,</HI> on a certain day, where all the Authority of the Nation &s;hould be de|livered into their hands by an In&s;trument &s;ign|ed and &s;ealed by the General and the Officers, obliging them&s;elves to yield Obedience to their Orders. The Gentlemen who were &s;ummoned, met at the time and place appointed, where after they had heard the General's Harangue, in which he &s;eemed to acknowledge the Good|ne&s;s of the Lord in that he &s;aw that day where|in the Saints began their Rule in the Earth, <HI>&amp;c.</HI> they went into the Hou&s;e wherein the Parlia|ment u&s;ed to &s;it, where they voted them&s;elves to be the Parliament of the Commonwealth of <HI>England, Scotland,</HI> and <HI>Ireland.</HI> Many of the Members of this A&s;&s;embly had manife&s;ted a good Affection to the publick Cau&s;e; but &s;ome there were among them who were brought in as Spies and Trapanners; and tho' they had been always of the contrary Party, made the highe&s;t preten&s;ions to Hone&s;ty, and the Service of the Nation. This A&s;&s;embly therefore being compo&s;ed for the mo&s;t part of hone&s;t and well-meaning per&s;ons, (who having good Intenti|ons, were le&s;s ready to &s;u&s;pect the evil De&s;igns of others) thought them&s;elves in full po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ion of the Power and Authority of the Nation, and therefore proceeded to the making of Laws relating to the publick; among&s;t others one concerning the Plantation of <HI>Ireland,</HI> &s;ettling
<PB N="464" REF="239"> the Lands there upon the Adventurers and Soldiers, together with an Act for Mariners; one for Payment of &s;ome Publick Debts, with divers others. They al&s;o made &s;ome Progre&s;s in the Reformation of the Law, having ap|pointed a Committee to that end.</P>
<P>In <HI>Ireland</HI> we disbanded &s;ome of our Forces to the Number of about 5000 Hor&s;e and Foot, and &s;ummoned a Council of Officers to adju&s;t the Arrears of the Soldiers, and to put them into po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ion of the Land a&s;&s;igned for their Satisfaction; who judging that it would not hold out to &s;atisfie the whole, rated the be&s;t Land of each County according to its intrin&s;ick Value, re&s;erving the wor&s;t to be equally di&s;tri|buted among&s;t them, when the Arrears &s;hould appear to be &s;atisfied on the foot of the new Valuation. The County of <HI>Dublin</HI> was in this E&s;timate rated at 1500 <HI>l.</HI> for 1000 Acrees; the County of <HI>Wexford</HI> at 800 <HI>l.</HI> the County of <HI>Kilkenny</HI> at 1000 <HI>l.</HI> All which Counties being within the Province of <HI>Lemp&s;ter,</HI> were rated by the Act at 600 <HI>l.</HI> for 1000 Acres. In&s;tructions were al&s;o given to the Committee for &s;tating the Accounts of the Arrears of the Soldiers, by which tho&s;e who were disbanded in <HI>Con|naught,</HI> had their Arrears a&s;&s;igned in Lands about <HI>Slego,</HI> tho&s;e in <HI>Mun&s;ter</HI> in the County of <HI>Cork,</HI> &amp;c. Tho&s;e who had been for &s;ome time with the Lord <HI>Inchequin,</HI> and therefore thought fit to be disbanded, had their Arrears a&s;&s;igned (upon my De&s;ire) together, about <HI>Collen,</HI> in
<PB N="465" REF="239"> the County of <HI>Kilkenny,</HI> that they might be the better able to defend them&s;elves, and a&s;&s;i&s;t their Friends upon occa&s;ion. Col. <HI>Theophilus Jones</HI>'s Regiment was reduced, his own Troop and &s;ome others appointed to compleat mine, and Col. <HI>Jones</HI> to be Major of my Regiment in the room of Col. <HI>Warden,</HI> who was disband|ed.</P>
<P>The Pay of &s;ome of the Officers of the Ar|my was al&s;o reduced, but yet they now re|ceived the Pay of &s;even days <HI>per</HI> Week, where|as before they had but four; but the General Officers who had been paid &s;even days for a Week, had &s;ome ten Shillings, others five Shil|lings <HI>per</HI> day abated of their Pay; among&s;t whom it fell heavier on me than any other; for as my Work was double both as a Commi&s;&s;ioner of Parliament, and Lieutenant General of the Hor&s;e, &s;o were my Expences al&s;o, being ob|lig'd to keep a more plentiful Table than any other of the Commi&s;&s;ioners, and more than twenty Hor&s;es continually in my Stable ready for Service: but indeed could I have &s;een our Victories employed to the Good of the Com|monwealth, I &s;hould have been &s;atisfied without any other Encouragement: And I can clearly make it appear, that during the four Years I &s;erved in <HI>Ireland,</HI> I expended 4500 <HI>l.</HI> of my own E&s;tate more than all the Pay that I re|ceived.</P>
<P>The Commi&s;&s;ioners for the Management of Affairs by Sea having not fini&s;hed the Time li|mitted
<PB N="466" REF="240"> by the Parliament for their acting, nor clearly &s;eeing to what Extremities things would be driven, continued to act in their Station; which they did with that Diligence and Vi|gour, that &s;ince the late Engagement in the <HI>Downs</HI> they had equipped a very con&s;iderable Fleet, and furni&s;hed it with all &s;orts of Provi|&s;ions, Amunition and Men. This Fleet was commanded by <HI>Dean</HI> and <HI>Monk</HI> as Admirals, by <HI>Penn</HI> as Vice-Admiral, and by <HI>Law&s;on</HI> as Reer-Admiral. On the 2d of <HI>June,</HI> 1653. ear|ly in the Morning they Attacked the <HI>Dutch</HI> Fleet commanded by <HI>Van Tromp, Evert&s;on, De Witt,</HI> and <HI>De Ruyter,</HI> on the Coa&s;t of <HI>Flanders. Law&s;on</HI> who commanded the Blue Squadron, charged through the <HI>Dutch</HI> Fleet with forty Ships, which Storm falling principally on <HI>De Ruyter</HI>'s Squadron, <HI>Van Tromp</HI> bore up to his A&s;&s;i&s;tance; which when our Admirals, who were both on the &s;ame Ship, perceived, they engaged <HI>Tromp</HI> with the Body of the Fleet, and the Fight continued till three in the After|noon, at which time the Wind coming up con|trary to the <HI>Engli&s;h,</HI> the <HI>Dutch</HI> fled, and were pur&s;ued by the lighte&s;t of our Frigats. The next Morning the two Fleets found them&s;elves again near each other, but for want of Wind could not come to engage till about Noon, at which time the Di&s;pute began, and continued very hot on both &s;ides till ten at Night. Our Fleet charged the <HI>Dutch</HI> with &s;o much Re&s;olu|tion, and put them into &s;o great Di&s;order, that
<PB N="467" REF="240"> tho' their Admiral fired on them to rally them, he could not procure more than twenty Ships of his whole Fleet to &s;tand by him, the re&s;t making all the &s;ail they could away to the Ea&s;t|ward. But the Wind blowing a fre&s;h Gale from the We&s;tward, ours pur&s;ued them &s;o ef|fectually, that they &s;unk &s;ix of their be&s;t Ships, and blew up two others that were in the Body of their Fleet, taking eleven of their bigge&s;t Ships, and two others, with thirteen hundred Pri&s;oners, among whom were &s;ix of their prin|cipal Captains; and had not the re&s;t of their Fleet &s;heltered them&s;elves between <HI>Dunkirk</HI> and <HI>Calais,</HI> where it was un&s;afe to expo&s;e our great Ships by rea&s;on of the Sands, we had probably taken or de&s;troyed mo&s;t of the re&s;t. The <HI>Hollanders</HI> were much &s;uperiour to the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> in number of Ships; but &s;uch was the Courage and Conduct of our Men, that we lo&s;t but one Ship in the Fight, had but one Captain killed, except Admiral <HI>Dean,</HI> which indeed was a great lo&s;s, and about one hun|dred and &s;ixty private Men killed and wounded. Our Fleet having put their Pri&s;oners on Shoar, and left &s;ome of their Ships to be re&s;itted, re|turned to the Coa&s;t of <HI>Holland,</HI> where they took many Prizes. The People in <HI>Holland</HI> &s;eeing them&s;elves as it were be&s;ieged by the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Fleet, con&s;trained the Magi&s;trates by their Clamours, to &s;end their Fleet again to Sea, which they reinforced with divers great Ships, and &s;ome Fire&s;hips, &s;o that they made up in all,
<PB N="468" REF="241"> one hundred and forty Sail. The <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Fleet were little more in number than ninety, yet re&s;olved to fight the Enemy; and accordingly detaching the lighte&s;t of their Frigats, a&s;&s;i&s;ted by &s;ome greater Ships, they engaged the <HI>Dutch,</HI> and maintained the Fight till they were &s;epa|rated by the Night. The next day little was done, but on the day after they fought again; and tho' many of our Men were &s;ick of the Scurvy, and that the <HI>Dutch</HI> had Fire&s;hips, of which we had none, the Wind al&s;o entirely fa|vouring them, yet did the Fight continue in equal balance till two or three in the Afternoon, about which time their Admiral <HI>Van Tromp</HI> was killed with a Musket-ball, as he walked upon the Deck with his Sword drawn. This &s;o di&s;couraged the Enemy, that they made all the ha&s;te they could away towards the <HI>Texel,</HI> and were pur&s;ued with that Diligence by ours, that the Ship of <HI>Cornelius Evertzen</HI> was &s;unk, with about thirty more, as we were informed by the Pri&s;oners taken or &s;aved from peri&s;hing. The Victory was great, but co&s;t us dear, for we lo&s;t eight of our brave Captains, who&s;e Names were, <HI>Graves, Peacock, Taylor, Cri&s;p, Newman, Cox, Owen</HI> and <HI>Chapman,</HI> with about four hundred Men. We had al&s;o about &s;even hundred wounded, and among&s;t them five Commanders, yet we lo&s;t but one Ship in this Fight. Our Admiral having put his Pri&s;oners with the wounded Men on &s;hoar, and taken in Provi&s;ions, returned with the Fleet to the Coa&s;t
<PB N="469" REF="241"> of <HI>Holland,</HI> where many of the Officers of the Enemies Fleet and others ingenuou&s;ly acknow|ledged that the Hand of God was again&s;t them, and that they ought not to contend any lon|ger with us.</P>
<P>The <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Fleet being now ab&s;olute Ma|&s;ters of the Sea, no Ship could &s;tir out of the <HI>Texel</HI> without their Permi&s;&s;ion. The <HI>Dutch</HI> were willing to impute their ill Succe&s;s to the Treachery and Cowardice of their Officers; but &s;o it was, by the Ble&s;&s;ing of God upon the Endeavours of the Parliament and their Fleet, that &s;ince the beginning of the War we had taken, &s;unk and de&s;troyed, between fourteen and fifteen hundred of their Ships, of which many were con&s;iderable Men of War. Their Seamen generally declined the Service, neither had they a &s;ufficient number of Ships to put to Sea, tho' they had been furni&s;hed with all other Accommodations. In &s;hort, Matters were brought to that pa&s;s, that <HI>Myn Heer Nieuport,</HI> one of the Amba&s;&s;adors from <HI>Holland,</HI> demand|ed of &s;ome of the Parliament&punc;Party what they intended to do with them, endeavouring by all means po&s;&s;ible to per&s;uade them that the Ruin of the <HI>Dutch</HI> would be prejudicial to them|&s;elves. Our Friends plainly told him, that they de&s;ired nothing but a <HI>Coale&s;cence</HI> with them, and then would be as ready to promote the Good of <HI>Holland</HI> as their own. To this the Amba&s;&s;ador replied, that he would engage his Ma&s;ters &s;hould &s;end us a <HI>Blank,</HI> and that what
<PB N="470" REF="242"> Conditions &s;oever we &s;hould think fit to write on it, they would &s;ub&s;cribe. Soon after they &s;ent Amba&s;&s;adors to treat in good earne&s;t con|cerning a Peace, which they were the more nece&s;&s;itated to do, by rea&s;on of &s;ome Divi&s;ions among&s;t them&s;elves on account of the Prince of <HI>Orange</HI>'s Intere&s;t. But this Attempt proved in|effectual, and they not able to prevail as long as the face of Authority remained in <HI>England,</HI> without con&s;enting to the <HI>Coale&s;cence.</HI> For many of the pre&s;ent A&s;&s;embly acting with Sin|cerity for the Publick, and therefore little &s;u&s;|pecting the Treachery of others, re&s;olved whil&s;t they had opportunity to be doing their Duty, and to di&s;charge the Tru&s;t committed to their care, according to the be&s;t of their Judgment, for the Good of the Common|wealth. They i&s;&s;ued forth Orders for regu|lating the Exci&s;e and Cu&s;toms, and enlarged the Powers of the Committee e&s;tabli&s;hed for Trade. They made all nece&s;&s;ary Preparations for carrying on the War by Sea, and declared General <HI>Robert Blake,</HI> General <HI>George Monk,</HI> Major General <HI>Desborough,</HI> and Vice-Admiral <HI>Penn,</HI> to be the four Generals of the Fleet of the Commonwealth, impowering them with &s;ome others to manage the Affairs of the Admi|ralty for &s;ix Months. They al&s;o gave Order to prepare an Act to erect a High Court of Ju&s;tice for proceeding again&s;t &s;uch as &s;hould &s;urprize or betray any of the Fortre&s;&s;es, Ma|gazines, or Ships of the Commonwealth into
<PB N="471" REF="242"> the hands of the Enemy; and al&s;o again&s;t tho&s;e who &s;hould, contrary to the Laws alrea|dy made, proclaim any to be King of <HI>England</HI> or <HI>Ireland,</HI> whereby it is manife&s;t they &s;u&s;pect|ed the De&s;ign on foot, tho' their Jealou&s;y did not at all defer, but rather ha&s;ten the execution of it.</P>
<P>The perfidious <HI>Cromwel</HI> having forgot his mo&s;t &s;olemn Profe&s;&s;ions and former Vows, as well as the Blood and Trea&s;ure that had been &s;pent in this Conte&s;t, thought it high time to take off the Ma&s;que, and re&s;olved to &s;acrifice all our Victories and Deliverances to his Pride and Ambition, under colour of taking upon him the Office as it were of a High Con&s;table, in order to keep the Peace of the Nation, and to re&s;train Men from cutting one anothers Throats. One Difficulty yet remained to ob&s;truct his De|&s;ign, and that was the Convention, which he had a&s;&s;embled and inve&s;ted with Power, as well as earne&s;tly &s;olicited to reform the Law, and reduce the Clergy to a more Evangelical Con&s;titution. And having &s;ufficiently alarmed tho&s;e Intere&s;ts, and &s;hewn them their Danger from the Convention, he informs them farther, that they cannot be ignorant of the Confu&s;ion that all things are brought into by the immo|derate Zeal of tho&s;e in Authority, and to what Extremities Matters might be reduced, if per|mitted to go on; po&s;&s;ibly &s;aid he, to the utter Extirpation of Law and Go&s;pel from among&s;t us; and therefore advi&s;ed that they would join
<PB N="472" REF="243"> their Intere&s;ts to his, in order to prevent this Inundation. His Propo&s;ition was readily em|braced by the corrupt part of the Lawyers and Clergy, and &s;o he became their Protector, and they the humble Supporters of his Tyranny. But that his U&s;urpation might &s;eem le&s;s horrid, he &s;o contrived it by his In&s;truments, that &s;ome of the Convention mu&s;t openly manife&s;t their Di&s;approbation of their own Proceedings, and under divers &s;pecious pretences put a period to their &s;itting. To this end it was agreed by Mr. <HI>Rou&s;e,</HI> Chairman to that A&s;&s;embly, and the re&s;t of <HI>Cromwel</HI>'s Junto, to meet earlier in the Hou&s;e than was u&s;ual, which was done accord|ingly on the 12th of <HI>December,</HI> 1653. hoping by &s;urprize, to obtain a Vote for their Di&s;&s;olu|tion. Being met, Col. <HI>Sydenham,</HI> Sir <HI>Charles Wol&s;ely</HI> and others, according to their In&s;tru|ctions, bitterly inveighed again&s;t the Tran&s;acti|ons of the Convention, and particularly charged them with a De&s;ign to de&s;troy the Army, by not making a &s;ufficient and timely Provi&s;ion for their Pay. They alledged, that tho' they had Voted them a Sum of Money, yet having re|&s;olved to rai&s;e it by way of a Pound-rate, it would take up &s;o much time to bring it in, that the Army mu&s;t either &s;tarve by want, or op|pre&s;s the Country by Free Quarter. A &s;econd Ground of their Invectives was taken from a Motion made that the Great Officers of the Ar|my &s;hould &s;erve without Pay for one Year. They accu&s;ed them al&s;o of endeavouring to de|&s;troy
<PB N="473" REF="243"> the Clergy, the Law, and the Propriety of the Subject, in&s;tancing in their denying a Right of Pre&s;entation to the Patrons of Eccle|&s;ia&s;tical Benefices: In general, that they had not a frame of Spirit to do Ju&s;tice, which they would have made out by their not relieving Sir <HI>John Stawell,</HI> when he made his Application to them. Thus they endeavoured to cajole the Clergy, Lawyers, Cavaliers, and all Intere&s;ts, except that which they &s;hould have had mo&s;t regard to.</P>
<P>They thought to have prevented any De|bate about their De&s;ign, by meeting &s;o early in the Morning; but they were deceived, and enough found in the Hou&s;e to an&s;wer their Ob|jections. To that concerning the Army it was &s;aid, That the Pound-rate was found to be the mo&s;t equal way of rai&s;ing Money, and there|fore re&s;olved upon by them; not at all doubt|ing that it would come in &s;oon enough for the Soldiers Supply: That they thought it rea&s;ona|ble and ju&s;t, that the Great Officers of the Ar|my who were po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ed of plentiful E&s;tates, and had received all their Arrears, &s;hould abate &s;omewhat of their Superfluities, and &s;erve for a little time freely, as well as tho&s;e who were em|ployed in Civil Affairs, who&s;e Labour and Ha|zard was as great, and both equally concerned in the Publick Good; e&s;pecially con&s;idering how much this Conduct would contribute to the Ea&s;e and Satisfaction of the People, who could not be ignorant that there were now no pre&s;&s;ing
<PB N="474" REF="244"> Occa&s;ions of Charge or Danger, the Enemy be|ing every where entirely &s;ubdued. To what had been done in order to a Reformation of the Law and Clergy, it was an&s;wered, That as they conceived there was great need of it, &s;o they had been told that they were called toge|ther principally for that end; and that if they had done any thing too much therein, the Gen|tlemen who blamed them for it were very unfit &s;o to do, having them&s;elves been the Men that pre&s;&s;ed them continually to go much farther than they had done. To the Objection con|cerning Pre&s;entations, they &s;aid, that the Me|thod u&s;ed therein &s;eemed to them too unrea&s;on|able to be continued, it being in effect to give a Power to the greate&s;t of the Pari&s;h, who were not always the be&s;t, to pre&s;cribe what Religion they plea&s;ed to the Pari&s;hioners, by pre&s;enting a Per&s;on, how&s;oever unfit for that Office, to be their Mini&s;ter. La&s;tly, in an&s;wer to the Charge of denying Relief to Sir <HI>John Stawel,</HI> it was an|&s;wered, that the Con&s;ideration of that Matter was before them, and that they would not fail to act as his Ca&s;e de&s;erved. The Debate thus &s;pun out, the Hou&s;e began to fill, &s;o that <HI>Crom|wel</HI>'s Party de&s;pairing to carry their De&s;ign by Vote, broke off in an abrupt manner, &s;aying, that it was not a time to Debate, but to do &s;omething that might prevent tho&s;e Inconve|niences which they pretended did threaten them. Then Mr. <HI>Rou&s;e,</HI> who was of the Plot, de&s;cending from his Chair, went out of the
<PB N="475" REF="244"> Hou&s;e, and with the re&s;t of the Cabal repaired to <HI>Whitehall,</HI> where they &s;ub&s;cribed a Writing, taking notice of the Power with which the Ar|my had intru&s;ted them, and of the &s;en&s;e they had of their own Inability to bring any thing to Perfection for the Good and Settlement of the Nation: and that therefore they re&s;igned that Power into the hands of <HI>Cromwel,</HI> from whom they had received it.</P>
<P>The other part of that A&s;&s;embly, who came with hone&s;t Minds and &s;incere Intentions to perform their Duty and to &s;erve their Country, kept their Places in the Hou&s;e, and would not quit them till they were removed by a Guard of Soldiers &s;ent by <HI>Cromwel</HI> to that end. And it &s;eems remarkable, that tho' this Body of Men had not a clear Authority according to the Na|tional Con&s;titution, and were called together with a De&s;ign of rendring them odious, as well as to &s;care the Lawyers and Clergy into a Com|pliance with <HI>Cromwel;</HI> yet many being con|vinced of the Rectitude of their Intentions, were brought over daily to approve their Acti|ons. And as this treacherous and unworthy Re&s;ignation of the Power to <HI>Cromwel</HI> could not be carried by a Vote in the Hou&s;e, &s;o I have been informed that the major part of tho&s;e who were Members of that A&s;&s;embly, could never be per&s;uaded to &s;ign the Paper for that Re&s;ignation, tho' importuned to it by all Politick and De|vili&s;h Arguments imaginable.</P>
<P>This Convention, who derived all the Au|thority
<PB N="476" REF="245"> they had from <HI>Cromwel,</HI> being di&s;&s;olved, after they had driven the Clergy and corrupt part of the Lawyers into his Net, as had been de&s;igned, all Men were full of Expectation what &s;tep he would take next to advance him|&s;elf. And becau&s;e all hone&s;t Men who &s;tood near the Centre of his Actions had lo&s;t all hopes of Good from him, he began to court and ca|jole tho&s;e that were at a di&s;tance, whom he hoped the more ea&s;ily to &s;urprize, as le&s;s ac|quainted with his treacherous De&s;igns. Among&s;t others I received a Me&s;&s;age from him by one of my Relations, to a&s;&s;ure me of his Friend&s;hip and Intentions to do as much for me as for any Man.</P>
<P>After a few Days, a Council of Field-Officers was &s;ummoned, where Major General <HI>Lam|bert</HI> having rehear&s;ed the &s;everal &s;teps and de|grees by which things had been brought to the pre&s;ent &s;tate wherein they were, and pre&s;&s;ed the Nece&s;&s;ity incumbent upon the Army, to provide &s;omething in the room of what was lately taken away, pre&s;ented to them a Paper intituled, <HI>An In&s;trument of Government,</HI> which he read in his place. Some of the Officers be|ing convinced that the Contents of this In&s;tru|ment tended to the &s;acrificing all our Labours to the Lu&s;t and Ambition of a &s;ingle Per&s;on, be|gan to declare their Unwillingne&s;s to concur in it. But they were interrupted by the Major General, and informed that it was not now to be di&s;puted, Whether this &s;hould be the Form of
<PB N="477" REF="245"> Government or not, for that was already re&s;ol|ved, it having been under con&s;ideration for two Months pa&s;t: Neither was it brought before them with any other Intention than to give them Permi&s;&s;ion to offer any Amendment they might think fit, with a Promi&s;e that they &s;hould be taken into con&s;ideration. The Council of Officers perceiving to what Terms they were re&s;trained, propo&s;ed, that it might be declared in this In&s;trument, that the General of the Ar|my &s;hould, after this fir&s;t time, be held uncapa|ble of being <HI>Protector;</HI> (for that was the Title given by this In&s;trument to the Chief Magi|&s;trate, tho' &s;ome were &s;aid to have moved that it might be <HI>King)</HI> That none of the Relations of the la&s;t Protector &s;hould be cho&s;en at the next &s;ucceeding Election; and that a General Coun|cil of all the Commi&s;&s;ion Officers who were a|bout the Town, &s;hould be &s;ummoned to con&s;i|der thereof. To the&s;e Propo&s;itions they could obtain no other An&s;wer, than that they &s;hould be offered to the General, which was the Title they yet gave to <HI>Cromwel.</HI> At the next Meet|ing of Officers, it was not thought fit to con|&s;ult with them at all; but they were openly told by Major General <HI>Lambert,</HI> that the Gene|ral would take care of managing the Civil Go|vernment; and then having required them to repair to their re&s;pective Charges, where their Troops and Companies lay, that they might pre&s;erve the Publick Peace, he di&s;mi&s;&s;ed them.</P>
<PB N="478" REF="246">
<P> Thus was this important Bu&s;ine&s;s that &s;o highly concerned the Nation, and in &s;ome mea|&s;ure all <HI>Europe,</HI> in a clande&s;tine manner carried on and huddled up by two or three per&s;ons; for more they were not who were let into the Secret of it, &s;o that it may ju&s;tly be called a Work of Darkne&s;s. This In&s;trument appoint|ed the Legi&s;lative Power to be in the Repre&s;en|tative of the People and the Protector; That a Parliament &s;hould be cho&s;en every three Years, which &s;hould &s;it five Months, if they thought fit, without any Interruption: That their fir&s;t Meeting &s;hould be on the thirteenth of <HI>Septem|ber</HI> next en&s;uing: That the Members of whom the Parliament was to con&s;i&s;t, &s;hould be cho&s;en by the People: That what&s;oever they would have Enacted, &s;hould be pre&s;ented to the Pro|tector for his Con&s;ent; and that if he did not confirm it within twenty days after it was fir&s;t tendered to him, it &s;hould have the Force and Obligation of a Law; provided that it extend|ed not to le&s;&s;en the Number or Pay of the Ar|my, to puni&s;h any Man on account of his Con|&s;cience, or to make any Alteration in the In&s;tru|ment of Government; in all which a Negative was re&s;erved to the &s;ingle per&s;on. It provided al&s;o that all Writs &s;hould i&s;&s;ue out in the Pro|tector's Name: That mo&s;t of the Magi&s;trates &s;hould be appointed, and all Honours conferred by him: That he &s;hould have the Power of the Militia by Sea and Land: That in the In|tervals of Parliament the Nation &s;hould be go|verned
<PB N="479" REF="246"> by the <HI>Protector</HI> and his Council, who were not to exceed the Number of one and twenty, nor to be under thirteen. The fir&s;t per&s;ons nominated to be of his Council were Major General <HI>Lambert,</HI> Col. <HI>Desborough,</HI> Mr. <HI>Henry Lawrence,</HI> Sir <HI>Charles Wol&s;ely,</HI> Col. <HI>Wil|liam Sydenham,</HI> Mr. <HI>Francis Rou&s;e, Philip</HI> Vi&s;|count <HI>Li&s;le,</HI> Col. <HI>Philip Jones,</HI> Col. <HI>Montague,</HI> Mr. <HI>Richard Major, Walter Strickland</HI> E&s;q; Sir <HI>Gilbert Pickering,</HI> Major General <HI>Skippon,</HI> and Sir <HI>Anthony A&s;hley Cooper,</HI> in all fourteen. It was ob&s;erved, that in the choice of this Coun|cil, &s;uch were put in for the mo&s;t part who had been principal In&s;truments in the Interruption of the late A&s;&s;embly, and leading Men in the Re&s;ignation of that Power into the Hands of <HI>Cromwel;</HI> and becau&s;e nothing of Honour or Con&s;cience could be pre&s;umed to oblige them to be faithful to <HI>Cromwel</HI> and his Government, tho' they took an Oath to that purpo&s;e, he as a publick Robber having po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ed him&s;elf of the Pur&s;e of the Nation, di&s;tributed a thou&s;and Pounds a Year to each of his Council. He al|&s;o e&s;tabli&s;hed a Commi&s;&s;ion for the viewing and taking care of all Fore&s;ts, Fees and Lands be|longing to the late King, Queen, and Prince, under pretence of improving them to the Ad|vantage of the Commonwealth, but indeed in order to convert them to his own profit. The Management of the Trea&s;ury was put into the Hands of Col. <HI>Desborough, Montague,</HI> and <HI>Sy|denham,</HI> who were his Creatures; to whom
<PB N="480" REF="247"> was added Mr. <HI>William Ma&s;ham,</HI> a worthy Gen|tleman, and a Member of Parliament, placed there by <HI>Cromwel,</HI> upon Information that he had divers Relations of con&s;iderable Intere&s;t in the Clergy-Party, together with a numerous Family, and &s;mall E&s;tate during his Father's Life, which Con&s;iderations prevailed with the &s;aid Gentleman to accept of that Employment.</P>
<P>Things being thus prepared, the Mayor and Aldermen of <HI>London</HI> were required to attend at <HI>Whitehall</HI> in their Scarlet Gowns, whither when they came, the De&s;ign was imparted to them, and they being under the Power of an Army, were forced to contribute to this Pa|geantry, by accompanying <HI>Cromwel</HI> to <HI>West|min&s;ter-Hall.</HI> The Commi&s;&s;ioners of the Seal, the Judges, and Barons of the <HI>Exchequer,</HI> march|ed fir&s;t, the Council of the Commonwealth following them, and then the Mayor, Sheriffs, and the Aldermen of <HI>London</HI> in their Robes. After them came the General with a great num|ber of the Officers of the Army, Major Gene|ral <HI>Lambert</HI> carrying the Sword before him into the Court of <HI>Chancery;</HI> where after the Gene|ral had heard the In&s;trument of Government read, and taken the Oath as directed in the Clo&s;e of the &s;aid In&s;trument, Major General <HI>Lambert</HI> kneeling, pre&s;ented him with a Sword in the Scabbard, repre&s;enting the Civil Sword; which <HI>Cromwel</HI> accepting, put off his own, in|timating thereby that he would no longer rule by the Military Sword, tho like a fal&s;e Hypo|crite
<PB N="481" REF="247"> he de&s;igned nothing more. The Com|mi&s;&s;ioners delivered the Seals to him, and the Mayor of <HI>London</HI> the Sword, all which he re|&s;tored again, with an Exhortation to u&s;e them well; and having a&s;&s;ured them that he would not have undertaken this Charge, but to make u&s;e of it for the good of the Publick, he re|turned to <HI>Whitehall</HI> in the &s;ame manner and order as he came. His Council having taken their places, i&s;&s;ued out Orders to all Counties and con&s;iderable Corporations for the proclaim|ing <HI>Oliver Cromwel</HI> Protector of the Common|wealth of <HI>England, Scotland,</HI> and <HI>Ireland;</HI> and care was taken to alter all legal Writs and Proce&s;s from the Title of the <HI>Keepers of the Liberties of England,</HI> to that of <HI>Protector.</HI> A Declaration al&s;o was publi&s;hed impowering all tho&s;e who &s;tood lawfully inve&s;ted with any Office of Judicature, or with the Power of the Admiralty on the <HI>20th</HI> of the pre&s;ent <HI>Decem|ber,</HI> to continue in their Imployments till farther Order.</P>
<P>The News of this great Alteration of Af|fairs was very unwelcome to us in <HI>Ireland,</HI> be|cau&s;e contrary to the Oaths which had been taken, and e&s;pecially to the Engagement, whereby all that took it, promi&s;ed Fidelity to the Commonwealth of <HI>England,</HI> as it was e&s;tabli&s;hed without a King or Hou&s;e of Lords: which Engagement having &s;ub&s;cribed both with Hand and Heart, I was re&s;olved to u&s;e my be&s;t Endeavours, either to oppo&s;e this U|&s;urpation,
<PB N="482" REF="248"> or at lea&s;t not to do any thing that might contribute to the &s;trengthning of it. To this end, when it was pre&s;&s;ed by &s;ome Court-Para&s;ites among&s;t us, that &s;eeing things were brought to this pa&s;s, and that there was now no other Face of Authority in being; therefore to prevent the De&s;igns of our Enemies, the Com|mi&s;&s;ioners of Parliament &s;hould proclaim <HI>Crom|wel</HI> Protector in <HI>Dublin,</HI> and other parts of <HI>Ire|land:</HI> I objected again&s;t it as a thing evil in it &s;elf, tending to the betraying of our Cau&s;e, and contrary to an Act of Parliament; that if it were but dubious whether it were evil or no, we ought at lea&s;t to expect an Order from tho&s;e who had the Power in their Hands, which as yet we had not received. By this means I hindred the proclaiming of him in <HI>Ireland</HI> for more than a Fortnight, tho' continually ear|ne&s;tly pre&s;&s;ed to a Compliance. But a Day being appointed for the Con&s;ideration of that Affair, the Commi&s;&s;ioners with three or four chief Officers, of who&s;e Integrity and Abili|ties we had the be&s;t opinion, met in Lieut. Ge|neral <HI>Fleetwood</HI>'s Chamber in the Ca&s;tle, where after near five hours Debate, and the Que&s;tion put, the Votes were found to be equal on both &s;ides. In that in&s;tant of time Mr. <HI>Roberts</HI> the Auditor-General coming thither upon &s;ome particular Bu&s;ine&s;s of the Army, Lieut. Gene|ral <HI>Fleetwood</HI> being well acquainted with his flattering Spirit, and earne&s;tly de&s;iring to have the thing done, gave him Liberty to declare
<PB N="483" REF="248"> his Opinion; which, when he had done in the Affirmative, the Lieut. General took his Con|currence (he being a General Officer) to be a Deci&s;ion of the Controver&s;ie. So it was re&s;ol|ved to be done, and an Order directed to be drawn up for that purpo&s;e, which the Com|mi&s;&s;ioners endeavoured to per&s;wade me to &s;ign; but I po&s;itively refu&s;ing &s;o to do, they ordered it to be &s;igned by their Secretary in the name of the Commi&s;&s;ion; which way was taken, that it might not appear that any of the Com|mi&s;&s;ioners Hands were wanting to the Procla|mation. At this Ceremony there was but a thin Appearance, &s;ome Captains and inferior Officers; but no Colonel nor General Officer, except Sir <HI>Hardre&s;s Waller</HI> and one Col. <HI>Moore</HI> were pre&s;ent. The Herald at Arms, who made Proclamation, was clothed in black; but the Artillery, which was at the Command of Lieut. General <HI>Fleetwood,</HI> wa&s;ted &s;ome of the Powder belonging to the Publick, the Re|port of which was very unwelcome Mu&s;ick to me, who de&s;iring to be as far from this Pa|geantry as I could, rode out of Town that Afternoon.</P>
<P>Having done what I could to ob&s;truct the Proclamation of that, which was called an In&s;trument of Government, impo&s;ed upon the People by the Military Sword, contrary to many Oaths and &s;olemn Engagements, as well as to the Intere&s;t and Expectations of the Peo|ple, I thought my &s;elf obliged in Duty to act
<PB N="484" REF="249"> no further in my Civil Capacity as Commi&s;&s;io|ner of Parliament, le&s;t I &s;hould &s;eem by acting with them, to acknowledge this as a lawful Authority: To that end I forbore to go to <HI>Cork-hou&s;e,</HI> which was the u&s;ual place where the Commi&s;&s;ioners of Parliament met; but Lieut. General <HI>Fleetwood</HI> by great Importunity did once prevail with me to be pre&s;ent there, and to give my Advice in &s;ome things that ab|&s;olutely concerned the Peace of <HI>Ireland;</HI> after which time I never gave any Vote among&s;t them, or &s;et my Hand to any of their Orders, tho' pre&s;&s;ed to do it by divers hone&s;t and well-meaning Men. But becau&s;e I was always ready to call in que&s;tion my own Judgment, when different from knowing and con&s;cientious Per&s;ons, I con&s;ented that a Day might be ap|pointed to con&s;ult with them touching my Duty in this Conjuncture. The mo&s;t weighty Ar|guments which were then u&s;ed to per&s;wade me to continue in my Imployments were, That &s;uppo&s;ing <HI>Cromwel</HI> to be a Tyrant, to have no ju&s;t Call to his pre&s;ent Imployment, and a wicked Man, as mo&s;t of them were &s;o ingenu|ous to acknowledge him to be; yet they de|clared them&s;elves to be of opinion, that a good Man might act under him; and for proof of this they urged the Example of <HI>Cornelius,</HI> who was a Centurion under <HI>Nero.</HI> To this I an|&s;wered, That tho' in an evil Government al|ready e&s;tabli&s;hed, an hone&s;t Man may take an Imployment, and ble&s;s God for &s;uch an Op|portunity
<PB N="485" REF="249"> of doing good, yet our Ca&s;e &s;eem|ed to me to be very different, the Di&s;pute ly|ing now between Tyranny and Liberty; and that I dur&s;t not in any mea&s;ure contribute to the &s;upport of Tyranny again&s;t the Liberty of my Country. Another Argument much pre&s;|&s;ed was, that by declining my Station I &s;hould neglect an occa&s;ion of doing &s;ome good, and lay a nece&s;&s;ity upon tho&s;e in Power to employ others, who might do mi&s;chief. To this I replied, That it was not lawful to do the lea&s;t Evil for the attaining the greate&s;t Good; and that I apprehended it to be an evil thing to for|tifie <HI>Cromwel</HI> in his U&s;urpation; that I hoped I &s;h<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="MURP" EXTENT="3 letters">d do more good by my open Prote&s;tation again&s;t his Inju&s;tice, and declining to act under him, than by the contrary means: For &s;hould all Men who continued well affected to the In|tere&s;t of the Commonwealth, refu&s;e to act in the pre&s;ent &s;tate of Affairs, there could be no way thought of, in my opinion, more probable to reduce the U&s;urper to his right Sen&s;es; who not daring to tru&s;t &s;uch as had acted again&s;t him, mu&s;t of nece&s;&s;ity by this means be left de&s;titute of In&s;truments to carry on his un|ju&s;t De&s;igns. A third Argument was, That I &s;hould wait to &s;ee how he would u&s;e his Power, which if he improved to evil ends, I &s;hould then find many others to join with, who would be as ready to oppo&s;e him as my &s;elf. To this al&s;o I an&s;wered, That I was fully convinced of the Inju&s;tice of his Underta|king;
<PB N="486" REF="250"> that he had betrayed his Ma&s;ters, under colour that they would not reform the Law and the Clergy; and that having called an A&s;&s;embly in order, as he pretended, to accom|pli&s;h that Work, he had now broken them al&s;o for endeavouring to do it; that as &s;oon as he had made the corrupt Intere&s;ts of the Nation &s;en&s;ible of their Danger, he had contracted an Alliance with them, and was become their Pro|tector; That it could not be rea&s;onably expect|ed that he &s;hould do any thing towards their Reformation, becau&s;e every &s;tep he &s;hould take towards the le&s;&s;ening of their Credit, would tend to the weakening of his own Au|thority; and that he was no le&s;s nece&s;<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="MURP" EXTENT="4 letters">ted to be a Va&s;&s;al to them, than he de&s;igned the re&s;t of the Nation to be Slaves to him. Tho' for the&s;e and other Rea&s;ons I dur&s;t not act in my Civil Capacity, yet I was unwilling to decline the Exerci&s;e of my Military Authority as Lieutenant General of the Hor&s;e, having re|ceived my Commi&s;&s;ion from the Parliament, which I re&s;olved to keep, till it &s;hould be forced from me, and to act by it in order to attain tho&s;e Ends for which I received it, the principal whereof were, to bring tho&s;e to Ju|&s;tice who had been guilty of the Blood of ma|ny thou&s;ands of <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Prote&s;tants, and to re&s;tore the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> who remained alive, to the Lands which had been taken from them by the <HI>Iri&s;h.</HI> And tho' much of this Work was al|ready effected; yet it was no le&s;s a Duty to
<PB N="487" REF="250"> bring it to perfection than to begin it, and to defend our Country-men in a ju&s;t Po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ion, than to gain it for them. Neither was it im|po&s;&s;ible that as one had made u&s;e of the Mili|tary Sword to de&s;troy the Civil Authority, &s;o others might have an opportunity to re&s;tore it by the &s;ame means.</P>
<P>One of the fir&s;t important Affairs of <HI>Crom|wel</HI>'s new Government, was to make Peace with the <HI>Dutch,</HI> which the low Condition they had been brought into by the good Conduct of the Parliament made them earne&s;tly to de&s;ire. In the Articles &s;ome &s;eeming Provi&s;ion was made for bringing tho&s;e to Ju&s;tice, who had been guilty of the Blood of the Engli&s;h at <HI>Amboyna,</HI> if they could be found. The <HI>Dutch</HI> al&s;o un|dertook to reimbur&s;e to our Merchants the Lo&s;&s;es they &s;u&s;tained by the Seizure of twenty two Ships in <HI>Denmark;</HI> the Duty of &s;triking the Flag to the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> in the Narrow Seas was acknowledged, and compliance promi|&s;ed with the Act of Parliament, whereby all foreign Commodities were forbidden to be brought into <HI>England</HI> &s;ave in <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Bottoms, except by &s;uch Ve&s;&s;els as properly belonged to that Country where tho&s;e Commodities &s;hould grow. By another Article it was agreed, that the Enemies of the re&s;pective Nations &s;hould not be protected by either of them; but there was no provi&s;ion made by this Treaty for the Coale&s;cence &s;o much in&s;i&s;ted upon during the Admini&s;tration of Affairs by the Parliament.</P>
<PB N="488" REF="251">
<P> The Lord <HI>Whitlock,</HI> who had been &s;ent Am|ba&s;&s;ador to the Crown of <HI>Sweden</HI> by the Par|liament, acquainted the Queen with the late Change of Government, producing Letters of Credence from <HI>Cromwel,</HI> and owning him as his Ma&s;ter; upon which he was received as kindly as formerly by the Queen, who &s;igned the Articles agreed upon by the two Nations, to the great &s;atisfaction of both.</P>
<P><HI>Cromwel</HI> having thus all clear before him, and no Enemy in the Field, except only in the <HI>Highlands</HI> of <HI>Scotland,</HI> a con&s;iderable Army by Land, and a powerful Fleet at Sea, all the Soldiers fully paid, with a Month's Advance; the Stores &s;ufficiently &s;upplied with all Provi|&s;ions for Sea and Land, three hundred thou|&s;and Pounds of ready Money in <HI>England,</HI> and one hundred and fifty thou&s;and Pounds in the Trea&s;ury of <HI>Ireland;</HI> he removed from the <HI>Cock-pit,</HI> which Hou&s;e the Parliament had a&s;|&s;ign'd him, to take po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ion of <HI>Whitehall,</HI> which he a&s;&s;igned to him&s;elf. His Wi&s;e &s;eemed at fir&s;t unwilling to remove thither, tho' after|wards &s;he became better &s;atisfied with her Grandeur; but his Mother, who by rea&s;on of her great Age was not &s;o ea&s;ily flattered with the&s;e Temptations, very much mi&s;tru&s;ted the I&s;&s;ue of Affairs, and would be often afraid, when &s;he heard the Noi&s;e of a Mu&s;quet, that her Son was &s;hot, being exceedingly di&s;&s;atisfied, unle&s;s &s;he might &s;ee him once a day at lea&s;t: But &s;he &s;hortly after dying, left him the Po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ion
<PB N="489" REF="251"> of what &s;he held in Jointure, which was reported not to exceed &s;ixty Pounds by Year, tho' he out of the Publick Pur&s;e expended much more at her Interment, and among&s;t other needle&s;s Ceremonies, cau&s;ed many hundred Torches to be carried with the Hear&s;e, tho' &s;he was buried by day-light.</P>
<P>The U&s;urper endeavouring to fix him&s;elf in his Throne by all ways imaginable, gave Direction to the Judges, who were ready to go their &s;everal Circuits, to take e&s;pecial care to extend all Favour and Kindne&s;s to the Cava|lier Party. He him&s;elf re&s;tored Col. <HI>Grace,</HI> a notorious <HI>Iri&s;h</HI> Rebel, to his E&s;tate; and &s;ent a Letter in favour of the Lord <HI>Fitz-Williams,</HI> who had been Lieutenant General in <HI>Pre&s;ton</HI>'s Army in <HI>Ireland:</HI> But he dealt otherways with tho&s;e whom formerly he had mo&s;t courted, &s;ummoning Major General <HI>Harri&s;on,</HI> Col. <HI>Rich,</HI> Mr. <HI>Carew,</HI> and others, before the Council; requiring &s;uch of them as had Commi&s;&s;ions from him to &s;urrender them, upbraiding Ma|jor General <HI>Harri&s;on</HI> with his Carriage to him, and charging him with coveting his Employ|ment when he was &s;ick in <HI>Scotland.</HI> And be|cau&s;e they refu&s;ed to engage not to act again&s;t him and his Government, he &s;ent them to &s;eve|ral Pri&s;ons. Major General <HI>Harri&s;on</HI> was or|dered to be carried to <HI>Carisbrooke</HI> Ca&s;tle in the <HI>I&s;le of Wight,</HI> Mr. <HI>Carew</HI> was &s;ent to <HI>Pendennis</HI> in <HI>Cornwal,</HI> and Col. <HI>Rich</HI> confined to the Cu|&s;tody of the Serjeant at Arms. Soon after Mr.
<PB N="490" REF="252"> <HI>Rogers,</HI> Mr. <HI>Feak,</HI> and Mr. <HI>Sym&s;on,</HI> Mini&s;ters, having publickly declared again&s;t his U&s;urpati|on, both by printing and preaching, were al&s;o impri&s;oned. So having changed his Intere&s;t, and taken off his Ma&s;que, he &s;ent his &s;econd Son Col. <HI>Henry Cromwel</HI> into <HI>Ireland,</HI> to feel the Pul&s;e of the Officers there touching his com|ing over to command in that Nation, where he arrived attended only by one Servant; and landing near my Country-Hou&s;e, I &s;ent my Coach to receive him, and to bring him thi|ther, where he &s;taid till Lieut. General <HI>Fleet|wood,</HI> with &s;everal Officers, came with Coaches to conduct him to <HI>Dublin.</HI> Having made what Ob&s;ervations he could of Per&s;ons and Things in <HI>Ireland,</HI> he re&s;olved upon his Return; of which having given me advice, I de&s;ired him to take my Hou&s;e in his way; and to that end dined with him on the Day of his Depar|ture at the Lieutenant Generals in the Ca&s;tle. After Dinner we went together to my Hou&s;e at <HI>Moncktown,</HI> where after a &s;hort Collation walking in the Garden, I acquainted him with the Grounds of my Di&s;&s;atisfaction with the pre&s;ent &s;tate of Affairs in <HI>England,</HI> which I a&s;&s;ured him was in no &s;ort per&s;onal, but would be the &s;ame were my own Father alive, and in the Place of his. He told me that his Father looked upon me to be di&s;&s;atisfied upon a di|&s;tinct account from mo&s;t Men in the three Na|tions; and thereupon affirmed that he knew it to be his Re&s;olution to carry him&s;elf with all
<PB N="491" REF="252"> Tenderne&s;s towards me. I told him that I ought to have &s;o much Charity for his Father, to beleive that he apprehended his late Under|taking to have been ab&s;olutely nece&s;&s;ary, being well a&s;&s;ured that he was not &s;o weak a Man to decline his former Station, wherein his Power was as great, and his Wealth as much as any rational Man could wi&s;h to procure to him&s;elf nothing but Envy and Trouble. I &s;uppo&s;ed he would have agreed with me in the&s;e Senti|ments; but he in&s;tead of that acknowledged the Ambition of his Father in the&s;e Words: <HI>You that are here may think he had Power, but they made a very Kick&s;haw of him at</HI> London. I replied, that if it were &s;o, they did ill; for he had de&s;erved much from them. Then I pro|ceeded to acquaint him with my Re&s;olution not to act in my Civil Employment, and my expectation not to be permitted to continue in my Military Command; to which he an&s;wer|ed, that he was confident I &s;hould receive no Interruption therein. I told him I could not fore&s;ee what his Father would do; but inclined to think that no other Man in his Ca&s;e would permit it. To this I added, that the Rea&s;on of my drawing a Sword in this War, was to re|move tho&s;e Ob&s;tructions that the Civil Magi|&s;trate met with in the di&s;charge of his Duty; which being now accompli&s;hed, I could not but think that all things ought for the future to run in their proper and genuine Channel: For as the extraordinary Remedy is not to be
<PB N="492" REF="253"> u&s;ed, till the ordinary fail to work its proper effect, &s;o ought it to be continued no longer than the nece&s;&s;ity of u&s;ing it &s;ub&s;i&s;ts; where|as this that they called a Government had no other means to pre&s;erve it &s;elf, but &s;uch as were violent; which not being natural, could not be la&s;ting. Would you then, &s;aid he, have the Sword laid down? I cannot but think you be|lieve it to be as much your Intere&s;t to have it kept up as any Man: I confe&s;&s;ed I had been of that Opinion whil&s;t I was per&s;waded there was a nece&s;&s;ity of it, which &s;eeming to me to be now over, I accounted it to be much more my Intere&s;t to &s;ee it well laid down, there being a va&s;t difference between u&s;ing the Sword to re|&s;tore the People to their Rights and Privi|leges, and the keeping it up for the robbing and de&s;poiling them of the &s;ame. But Company coming in, and the time for his going on board approaching, we could not be permitted to continue our Di&s;cour&s;e; &s;o after we had taken leave of each other, he departed from <HI>Ireland,</HI> and upon his Arrival at <HI>Che&s;ter,</HI> was attended by many of the late King's Party; and among&s;t others by Col. <HI>Mol&s;on,</HI> who enquiring of him how he left Affairs in <HI>Ireland,</HI> he an&s;wered very well, only that &s;ome who were in love with their Power mu&s;t be removed.</P>
<P>In the mean time, <HI>Cromwel</HI> &s;o ordered mat|ters at <HI>London,</HI> that he procured him&s;elf, his Officers, and Council, to be invited by the City to Dinner, which was managed with all po&s;|&s;ible
<PB N="493" REF="253"> &s;tate. He and the re&s;t of his Company rode on Hor&s;eback through the City; the Mayor and Alderman met him at <HI>Temple-Bar,</HI> where the Mayor, as an acknowledgement of his Authority, delivered the Sword to him, and he (as Kings u&s;e to do) re&s;tored it to him again. He was harangu'd by the Recorder, and the Mayor riding bareheaded, carried the Sword before him, the &s;everal Liveries in their Gowns &s;tanding on each &s;ide of the Streets where he pa&s;&s;ed. Commi&s;&s;ary General <HI>Reynolds,</HI> and Col. <HI>Whalley,</HI> led a Troop of three hundred Officers to <HI>Grocers-</HI>Hall, being the place ap|pointed for the Entertainment; which being ended, he be&s;towed a Badge of his U&s;urpation in conferring a Knighthood upon Alderman <HI>Thomas Viner,</HI> then Mayor of <HI>London.</HI> This was principally contrived, to let the World un|der&s;tand how good a Corre&s;pondence there was between him and the City of <HI>London;</HI> yet a|mong&s;t di&s;cerning Men it had a contrary effect, who knew it to be rather an act of Force than of Choice in the City, as appeared in the great Silence and little Re&s;pect that was given him in his Pa&s;&s;age thro' the Streets: And tho' he, to invite them to it, rode bareheaded the grea|te&s;t part of the way; and tho' &s;ome of his Crea|tures had placed them&s;elves at the entrance of <HI>Cheap&s;ide,</HI> and began to &s;hout, yet it took not at all with the People.</P>
<P>About this time <HI>Cromwel</HI> having re&s;olved up|on a foreign Expedition, drew out five or &s;ix
<PB N="494" REF="254"> thou&s;and Men, by which Artifice he not only alarm'd foreign States, but al&s;o engaged all the Reformade Officers to his Party, who otherwi&s;e would have been ready to join with any Party again&s;t him. Col. <HI>Venables</HI> was cho&s;en to com|mand this Army; and tho' the particular De&s;ign of the&s;e Preparations was not certainly known, yet it was &s;oon &s;u&s;pected to be again&s;t &s;ome of the King of <HI>Spain</HI>'s Territories. Vice Admiral <HI>Pen</HI> commanded the Fleet that was to tran&s;port them, which con&s;i&s;ted of &s;ixteen or &s;eventeen Men of War, be&s;ides the Ve&s;&s;els of Tran&s;por|tation. When they arrived at the <HI>Barbadoes,</HI> they made Ploclamation there, that who&s;oever would engage in the Undertaking &s;hould have his Freedom, whereupon about two thou&s;and Servants li&s;ted them&s;elves, to the great damage of the Planters. The <HI>Spani&s;h</HI> Amba&s;&s;ador be|ing informed that the Fleet was gone towards the <HI>We&s;t-Indies,</HI> and that the Storm was likely to fall upon &s;ome of his Ma&s;ter's Territories, made application to <HI>Cromwel,</HI> to know whether he had any ju&s;t ground of Complaint again&s;t the King his Ma&s;ter; and if &s;o, that he was ready to give him all po&s;&s;ible Satisfaction. <HI>Cromwel</HI> demanded a Liberty to Trade to the <HI>Spani&s;h West-Indies,</HI> and the repeal of the Laws of the Inqui&s;ition. To which the Amba&s;&s;ador repli|ed, That his Ma&s;ter had but two Eyes, and that he would have him to put them both out at once. The Goods of our Merchants trading in <HI>Spain</HI> were &s;eized for want of timely notice
<PB N="495" REF="254"> to withdraw their Effects from thence. And one Major <HI>Walters</HI> with others concerned with him in the Tran&s;portation of <HI>Iri&s;h</HI> Souldiers in|to the <HI>Spani&s;h</HI> Service, lo&s;t thirty thou&s;and Pounds, which remained due to them from the King of <HI>Spain.</HI></P>
<P>The Fleet being arrived at <HI>Hi&s;paniola,</HI> whe|ther thro' any difference between Col. <HI>Venables,</HI> who commanded the Army, and Vice-Admiral <HI>Pen,</HI> who commanded the Fleet, or for what other Rea&s;on, is not ea&s;ie to determine, they neglected to land their Army near the Town, as was advi&s;ed by many of the Officers, and as they might ea&s;ily have done, with great pro|bability of taking the Town, which mo&s;t of the Inhabitants had de&s;erted: But the Army having landed far from the Town, were upon their March towards it, when the Forlorn was attacked at the Entrance of a Wood by forty or fifty Fellows, who were employ'd to kill the wild Cows of that Country. This incon|&s;iderable number of Men put the Forlorn to flight; and they retreating in great di&s;order, &s;truck the whole Army with &s;uch a panick Fear, that they began to &s;hift for them&s;elves, and could not be prevailed with, either by Promi&s;es or Threatnings to keep their ground. Which being ob&s;erved by Major General <HI>Haines,</HI> and five or &s;ix Officers more, they re&s;olved either to put a &s;top to the pur&s;uit of the Enemy, or not to out-live the Di&s;grace: Thereupon they made a &s;tand and fought them, till the Major
<PB N="496" REF="255"> General and mo&s;t of the re&s;t were killed. Du|ring this time our Forces rallied, yet could not recover Courage enough to charge that incon|&s;iderable Enemy; and tho&s;e very Men, who when they fought for the Liberties of their Country, had performed Wonders, having now engaged to &s;upport the late erected Tyranny, di&s;gracefully fled when there was none to pur|&s;ue them. The Expedition again&s;t <HI>Hi&s;paniola</HI> proving un&s;ucce&s;sful, they &s;hipped them&s;elves, and &s;oon after arrived at the I&s;land of <HI>Jamaica,</HI> belonging al&s;o to the <HI>Spaniards;</HI> which being but meanly fortified, the Inhabitants, who lived for the mo&s;t part together in the principal Town, ran away, and betook them&s;elves to the Woods, leaving what they could not car|ry away to be plunder'd by the Army. Col. <HI>Venables</HI> being di&s;abled by Sickne&s;s to per|form the Functions of his Office, was permit|ted by the Council of Officers to return into <HI>England;</HI> and Vice-Admiral <HI>Pen</HI> &s;u&s;pecting he would lay the whole Blame of that Af|fair on him, obtained leave al&s;o: And being both arrived, they were heard at <HI>Whitehall</HI> one again&s;t the other; where the Accu&s;ations of both &s;eemed to be of more weight than the Defences of either of them. So <HI>Pen</HI> was com|mitted to the <HI>Tower,</HI> and Col. <HI>Venables</HI> con|fined to his Lodging, the Di&s;temper that was upon him excu&s;ing him from a &s;tricter Impri|&s;onment.</P>
<PB N="497" REF="255">
<P> According to the Promi&s;e contained in the In&s;trument of Government, it was re&s;olved to i&s;&s;ue out Writs for the Election of Members to &s;erve in an A&s;&s;embly at <HI>We&s;tmin&s;ter,</HI> who were to be cho&s;en, not by &s;mall Boroughs, and two for each County, as formerly, but in &s;uch manner as had been agreed upon by the Par|liarment in the Rule for chu&s;ing &s;ucce&s;&s;ive Re|pre&s;entatives, which indeed was much more equal and ju&s;t. And becau&s;e it was provided by the &s;ame In&s;trument, that thirty Members &s;hould be &s;ent by <HI>Ireland,</HI> and the &s;ame Num|ber by <HI>Scotland,</HI> to &s;it in the Hou&s;e, Letters were &s;ent by <HI>Cromwel</HI> and his Council to the Commi&s;&s;ioners there, acquainting them with that Clau&s;e in the In&s;trument of Government, and de&s;iring their Advice touching the en&s;uing Election. Some of the Commi&s;&s;ioners in <HI>Ire|land</HI> were of Opinion, That if the Proprietors &s;hould chu&s;e, they would return &s;uch as were Enemies to the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Intere&s;t, and therefore propo&s;ed that for this time <HI>Cromwel</HI> and his Council &s;hould nominate the thirty who were to be cho&s;en for that Nation. This Que&s;tion coming before the Commi&s;&s;ioners before the arrival of the new Set nominated by <HI>Cromwel,</HI> tho' I re&s;olved to intermeddle as little as might be, yet this Advice &s;eemed &s;o &s;trange to me, that I could not forbear to de&s;ire of them, that &s;eeing we had no more of Liberty left but the Name, they would at lea&s;t retain the Form, in hopes that in time Men might become
<PB N="498" REF="256"> &s;o &s;en&s;ible of their own Intere&s;t as to be enabled thereby to recover the Efficacy and Sub&s;tance of it, e&s;pecially &s;ince it was mo&s;t probable that by the Influence of tho&s;e in Power, the &s;ame per&s;ons would be cho&s;en that they de&s;ired. To this they agreed; and having proportioned the Cities and Counties for the Election before the i&s;&s;uing out the Writs, a private Junto was held by Lieutenant General <HI>Fleetwood,</HI> who agreed upon the per&s;ons that they would have cho&s;en for each Place, which they had a great Advantage to effect, having nominated and fit|ted the Sheriffs and other Officers for that pur|po&s;e. The Court-party endeavoured to pro|mote the Election of &s;uch as would center in a|doring the Idol lately &s;et up, however different in Opinions about other Matters. The Clergy in &s;ome parts proved &s;o &s;trong, that they car|ried it again&s;t tho&s;e agreed on by the Court; but both Parties concurred in the decrying all &s;uch who would not &s;acrifice the Cau&s;e of the Publick to the Ambition of Men. In <HI>England</HI> they better under&s;tood the De&s;ign that was car|rying on, in&s;omuch that many per&s;ons of known Vertue and Integrity were cho&s;en to &s;it in this A&s;&s;embly, in particular the Lord Pre&s;ident <HI>Brad&s;haw,</HI> Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig,</HI> Mr. <HI>Thomas Scott,</HI> Mr. <HI>Robert Wallup,</HI> and divers others. When the time appointed for the Meeting of this A&s;&s;embly was come, <HI>Cromwel</HI> went in a Coach to <HI>We&s;tmin&s;ter,</HI> accompanied by his Hor&s;e and Foot Guard, with many Officers of the
<PB N="499" REF="256"> Army on Foot; where being arrived, his fir&s;t Bu&s;ine&s;s was to appear in his Kingly Garb at the Abby, there to hear a Sermon with the Members of that A&s;&s;embly before they went about their other Affairs. Which done, he went into the Painted Chamber, where he en|tertained the Members with a tedious Speech, wherein he endeavoured to make it appear, that things were brought to this pa&s;s, not by his Contrivance, but by the over-ruling Hand of God; a&s;&s;uring them, that he was much rejoiced to &s;ee &s;o free an A&s;&s;embly of the People met to|gether, and that he re&s;olved to &s;ubmit him&s;elf to their Judgment. But notwith&s;tanding the&s;e &s;pecious pretences, he cau&s;ed the Lord <HI>Grey</HI> of <HI>Grooby,</HI> Mr. <HI>John Wildman,</HI> Mr. <HI>Highland,</HI> and others, who had always manife&s;ted a con&s;tant Affection to the Commonwealth, to be ex|cluded from the Hou&s;e. And tho' many undue Methods had been u&s;ed at the Elections to pro|cure tho&s;e to be cho&s;en who were Enemies, and to keep out many who were known Friends to the Common Cau&s;e; and tho' they &s;aw them&s;elves under the Power of one who they knew would force his way to the Throne, yet they appeared in a few days not to be for his purpo&s;e, but re&s;olved, at the lea&s;t, to lay a Claim to their Liberties. For whereas the Court-Party would have obliged them to approve at once the whole In&s;trument of Government which they had framed, the A&s;&s;embly took it in pieces, and referred the Con&s;ideration of it
<PB N="500" REF="257"> to a Committee, where the fir&s;t Que&s;tion fallen upon was, <HI>Whether the Supreme Legi&s;lative Pow|er of the Nation &s;hall be in a &s;ingle Per&s;on and the Parliament.</HI> In this Debate Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig,</HI> Mr. <HI>Scott,</HI> and many others, e&s;pe|cially the Lord Pre&s;ident <HI>Brad&s;haw,</HI> were very in&s;trumental in opening the Eyes of many young Members who had never before heard their Intere&s;t &s;o clearly &s;tated and a&s;&s;erted; &s;o that the Commonwealth-Party increa&s;ed daily, and that of the Sword lo&s;t ground. <HI>Cromwel</HI> being informed of the&s;e Tran&s;actions by his Creatures, and fearing to have that great Que&s;tion put; le&s;t he &s;hould be depo&s;ed, by a Vote of this A&s;&s;embly, from the Throne which he had u&s;urped, cau&s;ed a Guard to be &s;et upon the Door of the Hou&s;e early in the Morning, and &s;ent to the Mayor of <HI>London</HI> to acquaint him with the Rea&s;ons of what he was about to do, to the end that he might prevent any Di&s;orders in the City. The Members coming at the u&s;ual hour were refu&s;ed the Door, and required to attend him in the Painted Chamber; where he taking notice of what was under Debate in the Hou&s;e, contrary to the Priviledge of a Parliament, (as he would have this thought to be) told them, that being called by virtue of the In&s;trument of Government to that A&s;&s;embly, they were bound up by the In|dentures them&s;elves, upon which they were re|turned, from altering the Government by a &s;in|gle Per&s;on and a Parliament; and that the
<PB N="501" REF="257"> Country having owned him by Electing a Par|liament called by his Writ, and that the Judges with the Ju&s;tices of Peace having acted by vir|tue of his Authority, he was re&s;olved not to permit that point to be called in que&s;tion, ac|quainting them, that no Per&s;on &s;hould be ad|mitted, for the time to come, to &s;it as a Mem|ber in that A&s;&s;embly, till he had &s;ub&s;cribed an Acknowledgment of the Government by a &s;ingle Per&s;on and a Parliament. Some of tho&s;e who had been cho&s;en Members of this Conven|tion, had already declined the Hou&s;e, upon ac|count that <HI>Cromwel</HI> and his Council had ex|cluded from their places divers Per&s;ons who had been con&s;tantly faithful to the publick In|tere&s;t; but &s;o &s;oon as this vi&s;ible Hand of Vio|lence appeared to be upon them, mo&s;t of the Eminent A&s;&s;ertors of the Liberty of their Coun|try withdrew them&s;elves, being per&s;waded they &s;hould better di&s;charge their Duty to the Nation by this way of expre&s;&s;ing their Abhor|rence of his Tyrannical Proceedings, than by &s;urrendring their Liberties under their own hands, and then treating with him who was po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ed of the Sword, to recover &s;ome part of them again. However this Engagement was &s;igned by about one hundred and thirty Mem|bers within a day or two, and &s;ome days after &s;everal others &s;ub&s;cribed it, and took their Places in the Hou&s;e, where a Debate ari&s;ing touching the &s;aid Recognition, they pa&s;&s;ed a Declaration, that it &s;hould not be intended to
<PB N="502" REF="258"> comprehend the whole Government contained in the forty two Articles of the In&s;trument, but that only which required the Government of the Commonwealth to be by a &s;ingle Per&s;on and &s;ucce&s;&s;ive Parliaments. And to this the major part con&s;ented, hoping that by their compliance with him, in making Provi&s;ion for his Safety, and the Government of the Nation during his Life, he would have been &s;atisfied therewith, and in Gratitude would have judg|ed the People after his Death to be of Age and Wi&s;dom &s;ufficient to chu&s;e a Government for them&s;elves. This great Point touching the &s;ingle Per&s;on being thus over-ruled, they ap|plied them&s;elves to the Con&s;ideration and De|bate of the remaining Clau&s;es of the In&s;tru|ment of Government. They declared that he &s;hould be Protector during his Life, and limited the Number of Forces to be kept up in <HI>England, Scotland,</HI> and <HI>Ireland,</HI> with Provi&s;ion for the Paiment of them. They agreed upon the Number of Ships that they thought nece&s;&s;ary for the Guard of the Seas, and ordered two hundred thou&s;and Pounds a Year for his own Expence, the Salaries of his Council, the Judges, Foreign Intelligence, and the Recep|tion of Amba&s;&s;adors. They al&s;o Voted a Clau&s;e to be inferred, to declare the Rights of the People of <HI>England,</HI> and particularly that no Money &s;hould be rai&s;ed upon the Nation but by Authority of Parliament. And whereas by the In&s;trument of Government it was provided,
<PB N="503" REF="258"> that if the Parliament were not &s;itting at the Death of the pre&s;ent Protector, the Council of Officers &s;hould chu&s;e a Succe&s;&s;or; they re|&s;olved, that nothing &s;hould be determined by the Council after his Death, but the calling of a Parliament, who were then to con&s;ider what they would have done. Be&s;ides the&s;e things, I can remember no remarkable Variation from what was formerly &s;et down in the Paper cal|led the In&s;trument of Government, except this additional Vote, <HI>That no one Clau&s;e of this &s;hould be looked upon as binding, unle&s;s the whole were con&s;ented unto.</HI> Which they did, le&s;t <HI>Crom|wel</HI> &s;hould interrupt them, and taking what made for his own Advancement, reject what was advantageous to the Commonwealth. Much time was &s;pent, and pains taken, to ef|fect this within the time limited, &s;o that hard|ly any private Bu&s;ine&s;s was done all that time, except an Order given to the Exei&s;e-Office for &s;atisfying an old Debt pretended by Col. <HI>John Birch,</HI> one of their Members, a nimble Gen|tleman, and one who u&s;ed to neglect no Op|portunity of providing for him&s;elf.</P>
<P>The U&s;urper, that he might make way for his Po&s;terity to &s;ucceed him in his Greatne&s;s, changed the Title of Lieutenant General <HI>Fleet|wood</HI> from that of <HI>Commander in Chief,</HI> to that of <HI>Deputy</HI> of <HI>Ireland,</HI> to continue till &s;uch time as it &s;hould be thought fit to recal him from thence, and to e&s;tabli&s;h his Son <HI>Harry</HI> in his Place. In order to this a Commi&s;&s;ion was &s;ent
<PB N="504" REF="259"> to <HI>Fleetwood</HI> from <HI>Cromwel,</HI> wherein tho&s;e who were before called Commi&s;&s;ioners are now &s;tiled only his Coun&s;ellors. Having thus mo|delled the Government of <HI>Ireland,</HI> he began to apply his Care to that of <HI>Scotland;</HI> and know|ing <HI>Monk</HI> to be a Soldier, and faithful enough to him, as long as he would gratifie his vicious, covetous, and ambitious Inclinations, he en|tru&s;ted him with the Command of the Forces, and made him one of the Commi&s;&s;ioners for Civil Affairs in that Nation. But that he might balance him with &s;ome of another Tem|per, who might be a Guard upon his Actions, he &s;ent Col. <HI>Adrian Scroop</HI> to be one of the Commi&s;&s;ioners there al&s;o, having fir&s;t cau&s;ed the Ca&s;tle of <HI>Bri&s;tol,</HI> whereof he was Governour, to be &s;lighted, not daring to tru&s;t a Per&s;on of &s;o much Honour and Worth with a Place of that Importance. He likewi&s;e &s;ent thither Col. <HI>Whetham</HI> with the &s;ame Character, who hav|ing been one of the late A&s;&s;embly, as well as Governour of <HI>Port&s;mouth,</HI> and under&s;tanding that a De&s;ign was on foot to make <HI>Cromwel</HI> King, had in the Hou&s;e applied to him the Say|ing of the Prophet to <HI>Ahab, Ha&s;t thou killed, and al&s;o taken Po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ion?</HI> By which words it ap|pearing that this Gentleman was not for <HI>Oli|ver's</HI> turn, he removed him from <HI>Port&s;mouth,</HI> and &s;ent him to <HI>Scotland</HI> to be one of the Com|mi&s;&s;ioners there al&s;o. The Lord <HI>Broghil</HI> was made Pre&s;ident of the Council in <HI>Scotland,</HI> with an Allowance of two thou&s;and Pounds a Year,
<PB N="505" REF="259"> with a Promi&s;e from him, who never kept any but &s;uch as &s;uted with his corrupt ends, that his Service &s;hould be di&s;penced with after one Year, and yet his Salary to continue.</P>
<P>In <HI>Holland</HI> the Party of the Prince of <HI>Orange</HI> having long ob&s;tructed the &s;igning of the Arti|cles agreed upon between that State and <HI>Crom|wel,</HI> the States General &s;ent <HI>Myn Heer Bever|ning</HI> Amba&s;&s;ador into <HI>England,</HI> to a&s;&s;ure <HI>Crom|wel,</HI> that if the Provinces did not agree to the Articles within eight days, he had Power from the States General to &s;ign them in their Names. But before this Peace was concluded, the King of <HI>Scots</HI> Party had obtained Succours to be &s;ent to their Friends in <HI>Scotland,</HI> who were aug|mented to the Number of about five thou&s;and Hor&s;e and Foot, having received fifteen hun|dred Foot, two hundred Hor&s;e, and great Numbers of Arms brought to them by &s;even|teen <HI>Holland</HI> Ships; &s;o that it was thought fit to take Lieutenant General <HI>Monk</HI> from the Fleet, the War at Sea being now over, and to &s;end him to take care of Affairs in <HI>Scotland;</HI> but chiefly to keep the Officers there from draw|ing to a Head again&s;t <HI>Cromwel</HI>'s U&s;urpation. Lieutenant General <HI>Middleton,</HI> with about one hundred Men more, for the mo&s;t part Officers, five hundred Arms, and one hundred and fifty Barrels of Powder, landed al&s;o in the North of <HI>Scotland.</HI> To oppo&s;e the&s;e Forces we &s;ent fif|teen hundred Men from <HI>Ireland</HI> under Lieute|nant Col. <HI>Braine,</HI> into the Mountains of <HI>Scot|land,</HI>
<PB N="506" REF="260"> who contributed very much to the &s;up|pre&s;&s;ion of them.</P>
<P><HI>Monk</HI> being arrived in <HI>Scotland,</HI> divided his Army into &s;everal Bodies, the two principal of which were commanded by him&s;elf and Col. <HI>Morgan.</HI> With the&s;e they pur&s;ued the Enemy &s;o clo&s;ely, that at a Council of War held by them in the County of <HI>Murray,</HI> they made a Re&s;olution to di&s;per&s;e them&s;elves upon every Alarm, and to meet again at a Rendezvouz to be agreed upon. This being re&s;olved, they advanced towards the Quarters of Col. <HI>Braine,</HI> where they were warmly received, and forced to retire. <HI>Middleton,</HI> to avoid the pur&s;uit of ours, di&s;per&s;ed his Foot into inacce&s;&s;ible Quar|ters, and drew together about &s;ix hundred Hor&s;e at <HI>Kennagh;</HI> whereby <HI>Monk</HI> perceiving that his De&s;ign was to tire out our Forces, de|clined following him &s;o clo&s;e, endeavouring to drive him upon Col. <HI>Morgan,</HI> whom <HI>Monk</HI> had informed of the Enemies March. <HI>Middleton</HI> &s;eeing him&s;elf no farther pur&s;ued, &s;tayed at <HI>Kennagh;</HI> whereupon <HI>Monk</HI> having received Advice of the Approach of Col. <HI>Morgan</HI>'s Par|ty, advanced with his Forces towards the Ene|my, who retiring towards <HI>Badenorth,</HI> and be|ing about to take their Quarters that Night at <HI>Loughary,</HI> found them&s;elves engaged at a nar|row Pa&s;s by Col. <HI>Morgan,</HI> who de&s;igned to quarter at the &s;ame place. <HI>Middleton</HI> endea|vouring to retire, was ob&s;tructed by a Mora&s;s; and being hotly pur&s;ued by Col. <HI>Morgan</HI>'s
<PB N="507" REF="260"> Forces, and much hara&s;&s;ed by difficult Marches, was &s;oon routed, many of his Men were killed, and many taken Pri&s;oners; four hundred of their Hor&s;e were taken, together with the Charging and Sumpter Hor&s;es of <HI>Middleton</HI> him&s;elf, who being wounded in the Action, &s;aved him&s;elf with much difficulty on Foot. His Commi&s;&s;ion, In&s;tructions, and divers Let|ters written to him and his Friends, by their King, were taken al&s;o; and had not &s;uch as fled been favoured by the bad Ways and the Night, very few had e&s;caped. The News of this Defeat coming to the Enemies Foot, who were in Number about twelve hundred, they immediately disbanded them&s;elves, and divers of the Enemies principal Officers came in and &s;ubmitted, and among&s;t them the Earl of <HI>Glencarne,</HI> Lieutenant Col. <HI>Maxwel,</HI> Lieutenant Col. <HI>Herriott,</HI> the Lord <HI>Fore&s;ter,</HI> and Sir <HI>George Monroe.</HI> Yet notwith&s;tanding this low Condi|tion of that Party in <HI>Scotland,</HI> the Clergy re|fu&s;ed to ob&s;erve &s;uch Fa&s;ts as were appointed by the Government in <HI>England,</HI> and in&s;tead of them, appointed others by their own Authority, wherein they exhorted the People, among&s;t other things, to &s;eek the Lord, to pre&s;erve the Mini&s;try among them, to forget the Offences of the Hou&s;e of the <HI>Stewarts,</HI> and to turn from his People the &s;ad Effects of a late Eclip&s;e.</P>
<P>A Fleet commanded by General <HI>Blake</HI> was &s;ent into the <HI>Mediterranean,</HI> to require &s;ati&s;|faction from the Grand Duke of <HI>Tu&s;cany,</HI> for
<PB N="508" REF="261"> Injuries done to our Merchants, and for enter|taining and harbouring Prince <HI>Rupert</HI>'s Fleet; in which Expedition he not only procured the Satisfaction demanded, but rendred the Power of <HI>England</HI> &s;o formidable not only to all <HI>Italy,</HI> but even to the Grand Seignior him&s;elf, that they expre&s;&s;ed a greatier readine&s;s to pre&s;erve the Friend&s;hip of the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> than ever they had done before.</P>
<P>In the mean time <HI>Cromwel</HI> having a&s;&s;umed the whole Power of the Nation to him&s;elf, and &s;ent Amba&s;&s;adors and Agents to Foreign States, was courted again by them, and pre&s;ented with the Rarities of &s;everal Countries; among&s;t the re&s;t the Duke of <HI>Hol&s;tein</HI> made him a Pre|&s;ent of a Set of gray <HI>Frizeland</HI> Coach-Hor&s;es, with which taking the Air in the Park, attend|ed only with his Secretary <HI>Thurlow,</HI> and Guard of Janizaries, he would needs take the place of the Coachman, not doubting but the three pair of Hor&s;es he was about to drive would prove as tame as the three Nations which were ridden by him: and therefore not contented with their ordinary pace, he la&s;hed them very furiou&s;ly. But they unaccu&s;tomed to &s;uch a rough Driver, ran away in a Rage and &s;top'd not till they had thrown him out of the Box, with which fall his Pi&s;tol fired in his Pocket, tho' without any hurt to him&s;elf; by which he might have been in&s;tructed how dangerous it was to intermeddle with tho&s;e things wherein he had no Experience.</P>
<PB N="509" REF="261">
<P> The Repre&s;entative &s;itting at <HI>We&s;tmin&s;ter,</HI> tho' garbled as he thought fit, proving not &s;uf|ficiently inclined to &s;erve his De&s;igns, but rather in prudence yielding to the &s;trength of the pre&s;ent Stream, in hopes the People might in time recover their Oars, and make u&s;e of them for the publick good; he grew impatient till the five Months allowed for their &s;itting &s;hould be expired; during which time he was re&s;trained by that which he called <HI>The In&s;tru|ment of Government,</HI> from giving them Inter|ruption. And tho' they differed not in any ma|terial point from that Form of Government which he him&s;elf had &s;et up, unle&s;s it were in re&s;erving the Nomination of his Succe&s;&s;or to the Parliament; yet did the Omi&s;&s;ion of this one thing &s;o inrage him, that he re&s;olved upon their Di&s;&s;olution. They had prepared all things to offer to him, and had been very cau|tious of giving him any ju&s;t occa&s;ion of Offence, well knowing that in ca&s;e they had given him the lea&s;t pretence of Di&s;&s;atisfaction, he would have laid all the blame at their Door; and therefore they prudently left the &s;ettling of the Church Government, and the Liberty that was to be extended to tender Con&s;ciences (an En|gine by which <HI>Cromwel</HI> did mo&s;t of his work) to the con&s;ideration of the next A&s;&s;embly: Whereupon he wanting wherewith ju&s;tly to accu&s;e them, unle&s;s it were for too much com|plying with him to the prejudice of the Com|monwealth, after he had peru&s;ed the Form of
<PB N="510" REF="262"> Government which the A&s;&s;embly had agreed upon, and tendred to him for his Con&s;ideration; the five Months of their Se&s;&s;ions, according to the Soldiers account of twenty eight Days to the Month, being expired, they were order|ed to attend him on the 23<HI>d</HI> of <HI>Januar.</HI> 1654, in the Painted Chamber, where he made up with Words and Pa&s;&s;ion what he wanted of Matter to charge them with, accu&s;ing them of endea|vouring to bring all things into Di&s;order and Confu&s;ion, by raking into the particulars of the In&s;trument of Government, which he ex|tolled very highly. He charged them with neglecting to make provi&s;ion for the Army, and nece&s;&s;itating them thereby to take Free Quarter, to the great di&s;&s;atisfaction of the Country, if it had not been prevented by the Care, and at the Expence of the Officers. In this and in many other particulars he very much preferred the Wi&s;dom and Prudence of the Long Parliament, which was the part he propo&s;ed now to act, having determined to cry down this. And becau&s;e he could not ac|cu&s;e them of any Practices again&s;t Liberty of Con&s;cience, he charged them with their Prin|ciples, and imputed to them all tho&s;e Di&s;con|tents and De&s;igns, which were on foot by &s;e|veral Parties again&s;t the pre&s;ent Government, affirming that if they had not their Ri&s;e from &s;ome that &s;at among them (which he thought he &s;hould make appear) yet they grew like Shrubs under their Shadow. And that he
<PB N="511" REF="262"> might obviate that Objection, which his own Con&s;cience told him was the true rea&s;on of his Di&s;&s;atisfaction with what had been agreed on in this A&s;&s;embly, he told them that their not &s;ettling the Government on him and his Heirs was not the rea&s;on why he refu&s;ed to con&s;ent to what they pre&s;ented to him, For, &s;aid he, &s;o fully am I convinced (in the Judgment I now am) of the Inju&s;tice of Hereditary Go|vernment, that if you had offered me the whole In&s;trument of Government with that one alteration in favour of my Family, I &s;hould have refu&s;ed the whole for the &s;ake of that; and I do not know tho' you have begun with an unworthy Per&s;on, but hereafter the &s;ame Method may be ob&s;erved in the Choice of Magi&s;trates, as was among&s;t the Children of <HI>I&s;rael,</HI> who appointed tho&s;e that had been mo&s;t eminent in delivering them from their Enemies abroad to govern them at home. In which Excu&s;e three things &s;eem remarkable; Fir&s;t, that tho' in the Judgment he then was Hereditary Government was unju&s;t, yet he re|&s;erved a Liberty to alter his Opinion, if he &s;hould find Per&s;ons and Things inclining that way. Secondly, in declaring this to be his pre&s;ent Opinion, he flattered the Ambition of Major General <HI>Lambert,</HI> and kept him in ex|pectation of &s;ucceeding him, and &s;o &s;ecured his A&s;&s;i&s;tance in carrying on his wicked De&s;ign. In the third place, by de&s;igning that the Gene|ral &s;hould be always cho&s;en Protector, it ap|pears
<PB N="512" REF="263"> that he would have had the Nation to be perpetually governed by the Military Sword. Thus did this wi&s;e Man (as he would be thought) weaken his own Intere&s;t, and lo&s;e the Affections of the People: For as by his Interruption of the long Parliament, he di&s;ob|liged the mo&s;t &s;ober part of the Nation, &s;o by the Di&s;&s;olution of this A&s;&s;embly he opened the Eyes of the re&s;t, who had been hitherto made to believe that he was nece&s;&s;itated to that extraordinary Action, becau&s;e they would not do tho&s;e good things for the Nation which were expected from them; and by this re|proachful di&s;mi&s;&s;ion of the Convention, which con&s;i&s;ted for the mo&s;t part of Men of mode|rate Spirits, and who had gone in the Judg|ment of the mo&s;t di&s;cerning Men, but too far in compliance with him for the purcha&s;e of their pre&s;ent Peace, he made a con&s;iderable part of tho&s;e who had been Friends to him, ir|reconcilable Enemies, and &s;ent the Members into their re&s;pective Countries to relate to their Neighbours and tho&s;e that &s;ent them what an unrea&s;onable Creature they had found him.</P>
<P>Having di&s;&s;olved the pretended Repre&s;enta|tive called by his own Authority, he began by Bribes to corrupt others to his Intere&s;t; and to this end ordered the Arrears of Col. <HI>Hewet&s;on</HI> for his <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Service to be paid in ready Mo|ney, and his <HI>Iri&s;h</HI> Arrears to be &s;atisfied out of forfeited Lands in the County of <HI>Dublin,</HI> at the
<PB N="513" REF="263"> rate of the Adventurers in &s;uch places as he &s;hould choo&s;e. He ordered two thou&s;and Pounds to be paid out of the Trea&s;ury to Mr. <HI>Weaver</HI> in lieu of what the Parliament had &s;etled upon him out of the forfeited Lands in <HI>Scotland,</HI> and ten thou&s;and Pounds in ready Money to Major General <HI>Lambert</HI> in con&s;idera|tion of one thou&s;and Pounds by Year out of the &s;aid forfeited Lands given to him by the Parliament, not regarding how he lavi&s;hed a|way the Publick Trea&s;ure, &s;o as he might pro|cure &s;uch In&s;truments as he thought would be &s;ub&s;ervient to his unju&s;t De&s;igns.</P>
<P>By this time many began openly to di&s;cover their Di&s;contents, and particularly the Friends of the <HI>Scots</HI> King, who tho' he &s;aw clearly his Game playing by this U&s;urper through the Di|vi&s;ions he made among&s;t tho&s;e, who&s;e Intere&s;t it was to be united in oppo&s;ition to him; yet being impatient of delay, and not caring how many he &s;acrificed, &s;o as he might with more expedition recover the Exerci&s;e of his Power, he &s;ent over divers Commi&s;&s;ions for the rai&s;ing of Hor&s;e and Foot, and prevailed with &s;ome young Gentlemen of little Con&s;ideration and le&s;s Experience to accept them, and to engage again&s;t a victorious Army commanded by one, who &s;pared not the Pur&s;e of the Common|wealth to procure Intelligence. By which means he cau&s;ed a great number of Arms that were provided for the execution of this De&s;ign to be &s;eized, and impri&s;oned divers Per&s;ons
<PB N="514" REF="264"> concerned in it; wherein he made u&s;e of one <HI>Baily</HI> a Je&s;uit, who di&s;covered his Kin&s;man one Mr. <HI>Bagnal,</HI> Son to the Lady <HI>Terringham,</HI> to|gether with his own Brother Capt. <HI>Nicholas Baily,</HI> accu&s;ing them both of accepting Com|mi&s;&s;ions for rai&s;ing a Regiment, which Mr. <HI>Bagnal</HI> upon his examination did not deny. But notwith&s;tanding this Di&s;covery, &s;o confi|dent were the&s;e young Men of Succe&s;s, that they &s;till carried on their Plot, and appointed a Day for the execution of it. <HI>Cromwel</HI> &s;u&s;|pecting they might have &s;ome Grounds for their Confidence, di&s;patched Commi&s;&s;ary Ge|neral <HI>Reynolds</HI> to <HI>Ireland</HI> with Orders to cau&s;e &s;ome Forces to be imbarked for <HI>England,</HI> and accordingly about two thou&s;and Foot and three hundred Hor&s;e were ordered to be &s;ent over to his a&s;&s;i&s;tance; the Foot to be command|ed by Col. <HI>Sadler,</HI> and the Hor&s;e by Major <HI>Bol|ton.</HI> This Party being drawn to the Water|&s;ide, &s;ome of the private Soldiers, whether from any Scruple of Con&s;cience, or from an unwillingne&s;s to leave their Wives, Children, and Plantations in <HI>Ireland,</HI> I cannot &s;ay, re|fu&s;ed to imbark, tho' Lieut. General <HI>Fleetwood</HI> with &s;everal Field-Officers of the Army were pre&s;ent; alledging that they had li&s;ted them|&s;elves to fight again&s;t the Rebels of <HI>Ireland,</HI> and in pro&s;ecution of that Obligation were rea|dy to obey all Commands; that they knew not again&s;t whom they &s;hould be drawn to engage in <HI>England,</HI> po&s;&s;ibly again&s;t &s;ome of their be&s;t
<PB N="515" REF="264"> Friends, and therefore de&s;ired to be excu&s;ed from that Service. The Officers re&s;olving to compel them by Force to go aboard, called a Court Martial upon the Place, where they condemned one of the mo&s;t active to Death, and ordered one entire Company to be ca&s;hier|ed; both which Orders were immediately put in execution, by breaking the Company, and hanging the Man upon the Ma&s;t of one of the Ships: At this Execution Col. <HI>Hewet&s;on,</HI> who had been lately obliged in the matter of his Arrears, as a Mark of his Gratitude gave order that the poor Man &s;hould be hanged higher than was at fir&s;t de&s;igned.</P>
<P>The Cavalier Plot was &s;till on foot in <HI>Eng|land;</HI> and tho' divers of them were impri&s;oned, and many Arms &s;eized, yet it was &s;till re&s;olved to attempt &s;omething. To this end a Cartload of Arms was conveyed to the place of Ren|dezvouz agreed upon for the Northern Parts, where it was reported the Contrivers of this De&s;ign were to be headed by the Lord <HI>Wilmot.</HI> But receiving &s;ome Alarm upon their fir&s;t meet|ing, and fearing le&s;t the regular Forces &s;hould fall upon them before they were &s;ufficiently prepared for their Defence, they di&s;per&s;ed them&s;elves, and left their Arms behind them. The only con&s;iderable Party that appeared were tho&s;e at <HI>Salisbury,</HI> which they had an opportu|nity of doing under colour of going to the A&s;&s;izes. They con&s;i&s;ted of about one hundred and fifty Hor&s;e, and drew together in the
<PB N="516" REF="265"> Night, and were ordered to &s;eize the Judges there in Circuit, the Sheriff of the County, and &s;uch other Per&s;ons as they &s;hould &s;u&s;pect to be Enemies to the De&s;ign. Col. <HI>Wag&s;taff</HI> was &s;aid to be their Commander; but Col. <HI>Penrud|dock,</HI> a Gentleman of that Country, appeared mo&s;t forward in giving out the nece&s;&s;ary Or|ders and Directions. Capt. <HI>Hugh Grove,</HI> and Mr. <HI>Jones</HI> of <HI>Newton,</HI> with &s;everal other Gentle|men of tho&s;e parts, were among&s;t them. They proclaimed <HI>Charles</HI> the Second to be King of <HI>England,</HI> &amp;c. &s;eized the Judges, and having taken away their Commi&s;&s;ions, &s;et them at liberty. They carried the Sheriff Mr. <HI>Dove</HI> away with them to <HI>Dogtown,</HI> to which place they thought &s;it to retire, apprehending more danger at <HI>Salisbury,</HI> their Forces not at all an|&s;wering their fir&s;t Expectations. From thence they marched as far as <HI>Blandford</HI> in <HI>Dor&s;et&s;hire,</HI> but &s;o few joined them in their way, that at their arrival there they exceeded not the num|ber of two hundred Hor&s;e. Mo&s;t Men looked upon them as flying, divers of their own Party &s;tealing from them as fa&s;t as others came to them; and tho&s;e that &s;taid with them, did &s;o rather to &s;ecure them&s;elves, and obtain better Condi|tions, than from any hopes of &s;ucceeding. What they did &s;erved only to alarm the Army, &s;ome Troops of which pur&s;ued them into <HI>Devon&s;hire,</HI> where they were fallen upon by Major <HI>&V;n|ton Crook&punc;</HI> and defeated. Divers of them were taken Pri&s;oners, and among&s;t them Col. <HI>Pen|ruddock,</HI>
<PB N="517" REF="265"> Mr. <HI>Jones,</HI> and Capt. <HI>Grove.</HI> Major General <HI>Wag&s;taff,</HI> Mr. <HI>Mompe&s;&s;on,</HI> and &s;everal others e&s;caped, and went privately to their own Habitations; but upon Information given that they were concerned in this Plot, they were &s;eized and &s;ecured in order to Trial. The Pri&s;oners taken in the Fight pretended Articles for Life from Major <HI>Crook,</HI> alledging that otherwi&s;e they would not have delivered them&s;elves on &s;o ea&s;ie Terms; but the Major ab&s;olutely denied any &s;uch thing: So that a Commi&s;&s;ion of Oyer and Terminer was i&s;&s;ued for their Trial, and Mr. Attorney General <HI>Prideaux</HI> was &s;ent from <HI>London</HI> to pro&s;ecute them. The Chief Ju&s;tice <HI>Rolls</HI> was nomina|ted in the Commi&s;&s;ion to be one of their Judg|es, but he refu&s;ed to act therein, on account that the Pri&s;oners had done a particular Injury to him in &s;eizing his Per&s;on at their fir&s;t ri&s;ing, and therefore he thought him&s;elf unfit to give his Judgment in their Ca&s;e, wherein he might be thought a Party concerned. Some of them were condemned at <HI>Salisbury,</HI> and &s;ome at <HI>Exe|ter,</HI> of which number were Col. <HI>Penruddock</HI> and Capt. <HI>Grove;</HI> and in aggravation of their Crimes it was urged, that this was their &s;econd Offence of this kind, and that it was committed again&s;t much Favour and Kindne&s;s, not only in that they had been permitted to compound for their E&s;tates at a rea&s;onable rate, when they had forfeited all, but al&s;o that an Act of Oblivi|on had been granted to them and their whole
<PB N="518" REF="266"> Party, whereby they were put into a condition of enjoying the Advantages of all the Victories of tho&s;e to whom they had been Enemies. To this they an&s;wered, That they did not ri&s;e again&s;t tho&s;e who had extended that Favour to them, but again&s;t a Per&s;on who had di&s;&s;ipated tho&s;e Men, and e&s;tabli&s;hed him&s;elf in their Place. And I cannot tell by what Laws of God or Man they could have been ju&s;tly con|demned, had they been upon as &s;ure a Foun|dation in what they declared for, as they were in what they declared again&s;t. But certainly it can never be e&s;teemed by a wi&s;e Man to be worth the &s;cratch of a Finger to remove a &s;ingle Per&s;on acting by an Arbitrary Power, in order &s;o &s;et up another with the &s;ame unli|mited Authority. Col. <HI>Penruddock</HI> and Capt. <HI>Grove</HI> were executed by beheading, according to the Sentence pronounced again&s;t them; but Mr. <HI>Jones</HI> of <HI>Newton-Tony</HI> being allied to <HI>Crom|wel,</HI> was pardoned after he had been found guilty by the Jury, and Major <HI>Crook</HI> was ordered to have two hundred Pounds by year out of Mr. <HI>Monpe&s;&s;on</HI>'s E&s;tate for his good Service in the &s;uppre&s;&s;ion of this Party.</P>
<P>The U&s;urper was not a little &s;tartled at this In&s;urrection, &s;u&s;pecting that &s;o &s;mall a Num|ber would not have appeared without more con&s;iderable Encouragement; and therefore tho' he had lately &s;o meanly &s;tooped to court the Cavalier Party, and thereby highly provoked his ancient Friends to a ju&s;t Jealou&s;ie and In|dignation,
<PB N="519" REF="266"> he re&s;olved now to fall upon them, and to break through all their Compo&s;itions, e|ven the Act of Oblivion it &s;elf, in the obtaining and pa&s;&s;ing of which he had &s;o great a hand. To this end he commanded a tenth part of their E&s;tates to be levied, in order as he pre|tended to maintain tho&s;e extraordinary Forces which their turbulent and &s;editious Practices obliged him to keep up. In defence of which Oppre&s;&s;ion I could never yet hear one Argu|ment offered that carried any Weight, either with re&s;pect to Ju&s;tice or Policy: for having by his Treachery and U&s;urpation di&s;obliged tho&s;e with whom he fir&s;t engaged, he &s;eemed to have no other way left to &s;upport him&s;elf, but by balancing his new with his old Ene|mies, whom by this fre&s;h Act of Inju&s;tice he rendred de&s;perate and irreconcilable, they be|ing not able to call any thing their own, whil&s;t by the &s;ame rule that he &s;eized one Tenth, he might al&s;o take away the other nine parts at his plea&s;ure. And to put this dete&s;table Project in execution, he divided <HI>England</HI> into Cantons, over each of which he placed a Ba&s;haw under the Title of Major General, who was to have the In&s;pection and Government of inferiour Commi&s;&s;ioners in every County, with Orders to &s;eize the Per&s;ons, and di&s;train the E&s;tates of &s;uch as &s;hould be refractory, and to put in execution &s;uch further Directions as they &s;hould receive from him.</P>
<PB N="520" REF="267">
<P> In the Army there were not wanting &s;ome that &s;till retained an Affection to the Cau&s;e of their Country, which appeared more particu|larly in a Petition to <HI>Cromwel,</HI> &s;igned by many of them, containing things &s;o &s;uitable to the De&s;ires of hone&s;t Men, that it proved on that account very unwelcome to the U&s;urper. A+mong&s;t others <HI>Col. Okey</HI> endeavoured to per|&s;wade the Officers of his Regiment to &s;tand by him in the pro&s;ecution of the ends of it, but was interrupted in that De&s;ign by his Major, for whom he had not without difficulty ob|tained that Employment. It was al&s;o pre|tended, that Major General <HI>Overton,</HI> with &s;ome Officers of the Army in <HI>Scotland,</HI> de&s;ign|ed to &s;eize upon <HI>Monk,</HI> and to march with that Army to <HI>London</HI> for the Re&s;titution of the Par|liament: Upon &s;u&s;picion of which he was &s;eized and &s;ent Pri&s;oner to <HI>London,</HI> where he was committed to the Tower.</P>
<P>About three hundred of the Petition afore|&s;aid, together with another Writing called <HI>the Memento,</HI> were &s;ent into <HI>Ireland</HI> in a Box di|rected to me, and accompanied with a &s;hort Letter without any Sub&s;cription: Which Pa|pers, when I had peru&s;ed, and found them to contain &s;uch Truths as were very proper to prepare the Minds of Men to embrace the fir&s;t Opportunity of re&s;cuing them&s;elves from the pre&s;ent Oppre&s;&s;ion, I thought it my Duty to procure them to be di&s;per&s;ed as much to the Advantage of the Publick as I could. Where|in
<PB N="521" REF="267"> I was particularly a&s;&s;i&s;ted by Capt. <HI>Walcot,</HI> one of the faithful Officers of my Regiment, and divers others of my Friends. I acquainted Lieutenant Col. <HI>Brayfield</HI> with my De&s;ign, and &s;ent &s;ome of the Papers to Major <HI>Davis,</HI> who was then at <HI>Dublin,</HI> but re&s;ided u&s;ually in <HI>Con|naught,</HI> thinking him to be a proper Per&s;on to be employed to di&s;per&s;e them in that Province. The &s;aid Major <HI>Davis</HI> having received the Pa|pers, came to me, and de&s;ired to know if they came from me. I an&s;wered him, that tho' I wi&s;hed my Name might have been concealed, yet that Que&s;tion being put to me, I dur&s;t not deny it; and having further informed him of the Rea&s;ons which moved me &s;o to do, he de|clared him&s;elf to be fully &s;atisfied with them. But it afterwards appeared, that upon the fir&s;t receipt of tho&s;e Papers, he had acquainted Mr. <HI>Roberts,</HI> the Auditor General therewith, pre|&s;uming him to be well affected to the Com|mon Cau&s;e; which proving otherwi&s;e, the &s;aid <HI>Roberts</HI> inform'd Lieutenant General <HI>Fleet|wood</HI> of what he knew. The Lieutenant Ge|neral having al&s;o had advice that I had di&s;|cour&s;ed with Lieutenant Col. <HI>Brayfield</HI> in the Ca&s;tle-yard, and &s;u&s;pecting it might be upon the &s;ame Bu&s;ine&s;s, &s;ent for Major <HI>Davis</HI> and the &s;aid Lieutenant Colonel to examine them, who confe&s;&s;ed &s;o much of the matter, as was a ground for him to di&s;pach a Me&s;&s;enger to me, in order to enquire concerning the Truth of it. The Per&s;on imployed was one Major <HI>Wallis,</HI>
<PB N="522" REF="268"> who coming to my Hou&s;e at <HI>Moncktown,</HI> in|formed me, that Lieutenant General <HI>Fleetwood</HI> had received Information that I had di&s;per&s;ed &s;ome of the late Petitions and Memento's. To which I an&s;wered, that &s;eeing the thing which I de&s;ired to carry on privately was not concea|led, I &s;hould not decline to affirm, that my Con&s;cience obliged me not to &s;mother &s;o much Truth as tho&s;e Papers &s;eem'd to me to contain. He then told me, that the Lieutenant General de&s;ired to &s;peak with me about that Matter; and I promi&s;ed to attend him the next Mor|ning. Accordingly I went to him, and after &s;ome Conference concerning the Papers, he produced an Order from <HI>Cromwel</HI> and his Coun|cil to this effect: <HI>That whereas I had declared my &s;elf di&s;&s;atisfied with the pre&s;ent Government, he the &s;aid Lieutenant General</HI> Fleetwood <HI>was required to take care, that my Charge in the Army might be managed &s;ome other way.</HI> He ad|ded, that he had received the &s;aid Order &s;ome Months &s;ince, but would not communicate it to me till now, when upon the di&s;tribution of the&s;e Papers he dur&s;t not conceal it any longer, le&s;t he &s;hould be accounted a Confederate with me. I replied, that if my Life as well as my Employment had been at &s;take, I dur&s;t not have omitted what I thought to be my Duty in this Particular: That having no Power to di&s;pute their Plea&s;ure, I &s;hould at pre&s;ent look upon it as a Law to which I mu&s;t &s;ubmit. Some time after, Mr. <HI>Benjamin Wor&s;eley</HI> was &s;ent
<PB N="523" REF="268"> to acquaint me, that Lieutenant General <HI>Fleet|wood</HI> had been in expectation of hearing from me touching my &s;ubmi&s;&s;ion to the Order he &s;hewed me, either by Letter, or the &s;urrender of my Commi&s;&s;ion. I an&s;wered, that I thought neither of them nece&s;&s;ary; and hoped that my Retirement into my own Country, which I &s;uddenly de&s;igned, might be &s;ufficient. But it was determined that I &s;hould not &s;o ea&s;ily quit the Publick Stage: For the next Morning I was de&s;ired to attend the Lieutenant General, which accordingly I did, and found eight or ten of his Advi&s;ers with him. The De&s;ign of their Meeting was to per&s;wade me either to de|liver up my Commi&s;&s;ion, or to engage under my Hand, not to act by virtue of it, till I &s;hould fir&s;t receive Commi&s;&s;ion &s;o to do from <HI>Cromwel,</HI> or Lieutenant General <HI>Fleetwood.</HI> To the fir&s;t I an&s;wered, That I dur&s;t not deliver my Com|mi&s;&s;ion to any other Power &s;ave that of the Parliament, who had entru&s;ted me with it; and that it was all I had to ju&s;tifie me for doing ma|ny things wherein the Lives of Men had been concerned. To the Second I could by no means con&s;ent, becau&s;e I dur&s;t not tie my own Hands from acting by virtue of it, when I &s;hould be ju&s;tly call'd upon &s;o to do. Being returned to my Hou&s;e, doubtful what the E|vent of this Conte&s;t might be, and de&s;irous to have good Advice before I proceeded any far|ther, I &s;ent to four or five Officers, of who&s;e Integrity I had a good Opinion, to ask their
<PB N="524" REF="269"> Judgment in this ca&s;e. The Re&s;ult of our Conference was, That I &s;hould in a Letter to Lieutenant General <HI>Fleetwood,</HI> &s;tate the Ju&s;tice of my Call to the Employment whereof I was po&s;&s;e&s;t, and the Conditions on which I received my Commi&s;&s;ion, being particularly &s;olicited to it by <HI>Cromwel</HI> him&s;elf, when he appeared in the &s;hape of a Commonwealths&punc;man: The Autho|rity that gave me my Commi&s;&s;ion; the pre|&s;ent Defection from that Authority and Com|mon Cau&s;e, which <HI>Cromwel</HI> as well as I had en|gaged to maintain; the Duty incumbent upon me to di&s;per&s;e the &s;aid Books, becau&s;e the Sub|&s;tance of my Di&s;&s;atisfaction was contained in them; withal to declare what I would be &s;a|tisfied with, if it might be attained; and if that could not be, how far I thought my &s;elf obliged to &s;ubmit. A Letter to this effect be|ing drawn up by me, with the Advice of the Officers above-mentioned, I &s;ent it to the Lieu|tenant General, and &s;ome time after received a Me&s;&s;age from him to acquaint me, that ac|cording to a late Order brought to him from <HI>England,</HI> I mu&s;t either deliver my Commi&s;&s;ion, or be &s;ent Pri&s;oner thither. I told the Me&s;&s;en|ger, that I could not comply with his Demand, tho' I &s;hould be &s;ent Pri&s;oner to <HI>Rome;</HI> but that the Commi&s;&s;ion lay in a Cabinet in my Clo&s;et, where he might find it if he thought fit to break open the Door, and take it away. But he having no other Orders than to demand the Delivery of my Commi&s;&s;ion, departed
<PB N="525" REF="269"> without it. A Day or two after Mr. <HI>Miles Corbet</HI> came to my Hou&s;e by order of the Lieu|tenant General, and &s;hewed me the Letter that <HI>Cromwel</HI> had &s;ent to require him to demand the Surrender of my Commi&s;&s;ion, and in ca&s;e of refu&s;al to &s;ecure my Per&s;on in <HI>Ireland,</HI> or to &s;end me Pri&s;oner to <HI>England.</HI> He u&s;ed what Arguments he could to induce me to a Compli|ance, which when I had heard, I &s;et down in writing my An&s;wer, to be delivered to Lieu|tenant General <HI>Fleetwood,</HI> which was in &s;ub|&s;tance to let him know, That I looked upon my Commi&s;&s;ion to be of no more danger to them, than if it was actually taken from me, and can|celled at the head of the Army, but that I was not willing, by a voluntary Submi&s;&s;ion, to own the Ju&s;tice of the pre&s;ent Order, becau&s;e I had received the &s;aid Commi&s;&s;ion from the Parlia|ment to &s;erve as an Officer in their Army, in order to the execution of Ju&s;tice upon tho&s;e who had murdered and oppre&s;&s;ed the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Prote&s;tants; and that I dur&s;t not con&s;ent to be withdrawn from that Duty by any &s;ave that Authority alone which had placed me in that Station: That if I had received my Commi&s;&s;i+on immediately from the General, I &s;hould not willingly return it at his Plea&s;ure in this Con|juncture, as well in regard to the Duty I owed to the Publick, as to the Army: That it could be e&s;teemed nothing le&s;s than a wilful betray|ing of that Cau&s;e for which I had contended in conjunction with the Army, if I, who had been
<PB N="526" REF="270"> honoured with an Employment in a War rai&s;ed for the Defence of Liberty again&s;t the Arbitra|ry Power of a &s;ingle Per&s;on, &s;hould voluntarily &s;ubmit to what was propo&s;ed. For &s;ince the whole Authority of the Three Nations was a&s;|&s;umed by the Army, if I &s;hould acknowledge the entire Di&s;po&s;al of all things relating to that Army to re&s;ide in the General, what would this be but to declare my Con&s;ent to give up the Power of the Parliament, Army, and Nation into his hands? However, to avoid Extremi|ties, as far as I was able, I propo&s;ed that if a Council of the Officers who were about <HI>Dub|lin</HI> might be called, and that upon a full hear|ing and debate of the matter they &s;hould de|clare it to be my Duty, I would &s;ubmit, as to the Higher Powers, having none at pre&s;ent to appeal to from them but God. This Expedi|ent being not approved, the Lieutenant Gene|ral &s;ent Mr. <HI>Miles Corbet</HI> again to me, with a Propo&s;ition, that I would chu&s;e either to go to <HI>London,</HI> or to be confined in <HI>Ireland.</HI> In an|&s;wer to which, and upon con&s;ideration of the Di&s;compo&s;ure of my Affairs in <HI>England,</HI> by rea&s;on of a great Debt left upon my E&s;tate at my departure thence, not likely to be le&s;&s;ened by my Ab&s;ence; and being very de&s;irous to come to a &s;peedy Trial for my Refu&s;al to de|liver my Commi&s;&s;ion, I made choice of the for|mer. Mr. <HI>Corbet</HI> then told me, that a Man of War &s;hould be prepared for my Tran&s;portati|on, provided I would give my word to appear
<PB N="527" REF="270"> before <HI>Cromwel,</HI> and not to act any thing again&s;t him in the mean time, to which I con&s;ented. For tho' I dur&s;t not engage to di&s;able my &s;elf from acting, whil&s;t nothing was objected a|gain&s;t me, le&s;t I &s;hould thereby not only have given away my own Liberty, but al&s;o make an ill Precedent for other Men; yet being now accu&s;ed of a pretended Crime, I was contented to pa&s;s my Parole to appear as de&s;ired, and in the mean time not to act again&s;t him. When the Lieutenant General perceived that I was re|&s;olved on my Journey, he de&s;ired me to put off my departure for two Months, pretending that things being in &s;ome di&s;order in <HI>England,</HI> he feared <HI>Cromwel</HI> might apprehend a nece&s;&s;ity of u&s;ing me with more Severity than he wi&s;hed; and to &s;often this Delay, gave a Warrant for the payment of a Sum of Money to me for de|fraying my Expences whil&s;t I &s;taid, together with tho&s;e of my Journey to <HI>London.</HI> And in|deed what he &s;aid concerning the Di&s;orders of <HI>England,</HI> was not without ground, things run|ning every day more and more into Confu&s;ion, the Cavaliers being enraged to &s;ee the Throne u&s;urped, and tho&s;e who had hazarded all for their Country finding them&s;elves cheated, Cu&s;tom and Exci&s;e rai&s;ed without Authority of Parliament, and Taxes impo&s;ed to no other end than to &s;upport the Pride and In&s;olence of a &s;ingle Per&s;on. Some there were that openly oppo&s;ed the&s;e Oppre&s;&s;ions, and among&s;t others Mr. <HI>George Cony</HI> a Merchant, who having re|fu&s;ed
<PB N="528" REF="271"> to pay Cu&s;tom, it was violently taken from him, and he thereupon &s;ued the Collector at the Common Law. But <HI>Cromwel</HI> re&s;olving to put a &s;top to &s;uch dangerous Precedents, cau&s;ed the Coun&s;el for Mr. <HI>Cony,</HI> who were Serjeant <HI>Maynard,</HI> Serjeant <HI>Twy&s;den,</HI> and Mr. <HI>Wadham Windham,</HI> to be &s;ent to the <HI>Tower,</HI> where they had not been above three or four Days, when they unworthily petitioned to be &s;et at liberty, acknowledging their Fault, and promi&s;ing to do &s;o no more, chu&s;ing rather to &s;acrifice the Cau&s;e of their Client, wherein that of their Country was al&s;o <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">minently con|cerned, than to endure a little Re&s;traint, with the lo&s;s of the Fees for a few days. By this means, when the Cau&s;e came to the next hear|ing, Mr. <HI>Cony</HI> was nece&s;&s;itated to plead for him|&s;elf, which he did in as &s;hort a manner as he could, referring it wholly to the Judge, whe|ther that Tax being not authorized by Parlia|ment, ought to be paid by the Law of the Land; and declaring that he would abide by his Judgment therein. Serjeant <HI>Rolls,</HI> then Chief Ju&s;tice of the Upper Bench, tho' a con|&s;cientious Man, and a Lover of Civil Liberty, yet not daring to determine it for him, &s;aid, that &s;omething mu&s;t be allowed to Ca&s;es of Nece&s;&s;ity. To which Mr. <HI>Cony</HI> replied, That it was never wont to be a good Plea in Law, for a Man to make Nece&s;&s;ities, and then to plead them. But the Judge wanting Courage, would not give Judgment again&s;t the U&s;urper;
<PB N="529" REF="271"> and being too much an hone&s;t Man to give it for him, he took time till the next en&s;uing Term, to con&s;ider what Rule he &s;hould give in the ca&s;e. In the mean time, upon con&s;ide|ration that his continuance in that Station was like to en&s;nare him more and more, he de&s;ired, by a Letter to <HI>Cromwel,</HI> to have his <HI>Quietus;</HI> and Serjeant <HI>Glyn</HI> was appointed to &s;ucceed him in his Employment, as a fitter In&s;trument to car|ry on the De&s;igns on foot. The new Chief Ju&s;tice, before he came to &s;it on the Bench, took care to have this Bu&s;ine&s;s accommodated with <HI>Cony,</HI> who lo&s;t his Reputation by withdraw|ing him&s;elf from a Cau&s;e wherein the Publick was &s;o much concerned. Sir <HI>Peter Wentworth;</HI> a Member of the Long Parliament, cau&s;ed al&s;o a Collector in the Country to be arre&s;ted and pro&s;ecuted at his Suit, tho' he could hardly procure an Attorney to appear, or Coun&s;el to plead for him. <HI>Cromwel</HI> having received no|tice of this Pro&s;ecution, &s;ent a Me&s;&s;enger with an Order to bring him before the Council; where being examined concerning the Ground of his Proceeding, he told them, that he was moved to it by his con&s;tant Principle, <HI>That by the Law of</HI> England, <HI>no Money ought to be levied upon the People without their Con&s;ent in Parlia|ment. Cromwel</HI> then asked him, whether he would withdraw his Action or no? To which he replied, If you will command me, I mu&s;t &s;ubmit; and thereupon <HI>Cromwel</HI> having com|manded it, he withdrew his Action. Some
<PB N="530" REF="272"> time after taking the liberty in a Di&s;cour&s;e with him to reprove him for that Retractation, he made me this An&s;wer, That no Man could have done more than he did to the time of his appearing at the Council, and that if he had then failed in any thing, it mu&s;t be attributed to his Age of three&s;core and three Years, when, &s;aid he, the Blood does not run with the &s;ame Vigour as in younger Men. It having been di&s;covered that the Lord <HI>Grey</HI> of <HI>Grooby</HI> had given to a Per&s;on a Copy of the Memento which I had before di&s;per&s;ed in <HI>Ireland,</HI> he was &s;ent for to <HI>London,</HI> and committed Pri&s;oner to <HI>Wind&s;or-</HI>Ca&s;tle for the &s;ame. The next Term he &s;ued for a <HI>Habeas Corpus,</HI> which the Chief Ju&s;tice, according to Law, granted him, but the Governour of <HI>Wind&s;or-</HI>Ca&s;tle refu&s;ed to give Obedience to the Order of Court, and &s;o rendred it ineffectual to him, in&s;omuch that he could not obtain his Liberty till he had given a pecuniary Security not to act again&s;t the Go|vernment, which he cho&s;e to do rather than to engage his Parole, thereby hazarding only the Lo&s;s of &s;o much Money, and pre&s;erving his Honour and Integrity. Col. <HI>Sexby</HI> was al&s;o &s;u&s;pected to have had a hand in the di&s;per&s;ion of the Petitions and Memento's before-men|tioned; and thereupon was &s;ent for in order to be &s;ecured, which he having notice of, fled, but was pur&s;ued &s;o clo&s;e, that his Man was taken with his Portmanteau. <HI>Cromwel</HI> being di&s;ap|pointed of taking him, pretended on the ac|count
<PB N="531" REF="272"> of ancient Friend&s;hip to pa&s;s by what he had done, and propo&s;ed to imploy him as his Agent to tho&s;e of <HI>Bourdeaux,</HI> who had applied them&s;elves for Succour again&s;t the oppre&s;&s;ing Mini&s;try of <HI>France.</HI> The Colonel being un|der nece&s;&s;ity, accepted of the Employment, and <HI>Cromwel</HI> ordered him a Sum of Money to &s;up|ply his pre&s;ent Occa&s;ions, with Letters of Ex|change for more at <HI>Bourdeaux.</HI> Being thus fur|ni&s;hed, he went over to <HI>France,</HI> where his Bu&s;i|ne&s;s being betrayed to the Magi&s;trates of <HI>Bour|deaux,</HI> they gave order to &s;eize his Per&s;on; but he having received advice of their Intenti|ons, made his E&s;cape by Night over the Wall of the Town, and departed from that King|dom.</P>
<P>In <HI>Ireland</HI> it was thought fit to disband &s;ome part of the Army; yet rather to free them&s;elves of &s;ome of the di&s;contented Party, than that Nation of the Charge. In order to this, a Li&s;t was produced lately &s;ent from <HI>England,</HI> ap|pointing what Regiments of Hor&s;e and Foot &s;hould be broken. Of the&s;e mine was to be one, tho' care was taken that tho&s;e of my Re|giment, or any other, that would &s;ail with any Wind, &s;hould be provided for; and it mu&s;t be acknowledged, that they were &s;o ju&s;t to allow both Officers and Soldiers their full Arrears out of the forfeited Lands in each County, ac|cording to the Rates that had been &s;et upon them by the General Council of Officers, where|in the Goodne&s;s and Conveniency of every
<PB N="532" REF="273"> County was e&s;timated and equally balanced. The Arrears of my Regiment fell by Lot to be &s;atisfied in the County of <HI>Wexford,</HI> where I ordered Capt. <HI>Walcot,</HI> my Captain Lieutenant, with my Cornet and Quarter-ma&s;ter, to act for me, which they did; and my Proportion in the &s;aid Land, yielded me about one hundred pounds the fir&s;t Year, and afterwards near 200. It was reported to be farther improvable; but I never &s;aw it, and know not whether I ever &s;hall. My Lieutenant Colonel having had his Arrears with the re&s;t of the Regiment, was ac|cu&s;ed of &s;aying that this Di&s;tribution would prove invalid without an Act of Parliament, and the Crime aggravated by one, who infor|med at the head Quarters as if he de&s;igned to excite the Soldiers to a Mutiny; whereupon he was &s;ent for, and committed to Cu&s;tody till he gave a&s;&s;urance of his quiet and peaceable Beha|viour.</P>
<P>The De&s;ign of &s;eizing the Riches of the <HI>Spaniards</HI> in the <HI>West-Indies,</HI> having proved un&s;ucce&s;sful, and in&s;tead of bringing Gold or Sil|ver home, much was tran&s;ported from hence thither, where many of our Men daily peri&s;h|ed thro' want and the exce&s;&s;ive Heats of that Climate; yet it was re&s;olved to keep <HI>Jamaica,</HI> of which place Col. <HI>Forte&s;cue</HI> was made Go|vernour, and Commander in Chief of the For|ces there, after the return of Col. <HI>Venables.</HI> Among&s;t others that died, there was one Mr. <HI>Win&s;low,</HI> who had been de&s;igned to be Gover|nour
<PB N="533" REF="273"> of &s;ome Place, when they could get it. In this Expedition one Mr. <HI>Gage</HI> a Prie&s;t died al&s;o, who was reported to have been a princi|pal Advi&s;er of this Undertaking. Colonel <HI>For|te&s;cue</HI> continued not long in his Employment before he died al&s;o: After who&s;e Death Colonel <HI>Edward Doily</HI> was made Commander in Chief, and he falling to plant, made a &s;hift to get a Sub&s;i&s;tence, which was but a poor return for the Expence and Lo&s;s &s;u&s;tained in this Attempt. And as <HI>Cromwel</HI> was thus prodigal of the Lives of <HI>Engli&s;h-men</HI> abroad, &s;o was he no le&s;s of our Liberties at home; for not contenting him|&s;elf with the Death of many of tho&s;e who had rai&s;ed Arms again&s;t him, and Seizure of the Goods of that Party, he tran&s;ported whole Droves of them at a time into foreign parts, without any legal Trial. In the number of tho&s;e that were &s;ent away was Mr. <HI>William A&s;hburnham,</HI> Sir <HI>Thomas Arm&s;trong,</HI> and others, to whom may be added Lieut. Col. <HI>John Lil|burn,</HI> who contrary to all Law, and after an Acquittal by a Jury, had been formerly bani|&s;hed. And now to prevent Major General <HI>Overton</HI> from the Benefit of a <HI>Habeas Corpus,</HI> for which <HI>Cromwel</HI> was informed he intended to move, tho' he had no rea&s;on to alledge why it &s;hould be denied him; yet he &s;ent him in cu&s;tody to <HI>Jer&s;ey</HI> with the hazard of his Life, and to the great prejudice of his E&s;tate. Major <HI>John Wildman</HI> was al&s;o &s;eized upon, and it was pretended that he was taken dictating to his
<PB N="534" REF="274"> Servant a Declaration for levying War again&s;t <HI>Oliver Cromwel.</HI> The Citizens of <HI>London</HI> were made acquainted with it, and the &s;aid Major brought to <HI>London</HI> by a Guard of Hor&s;e, and committed Pri&s;oner to the <HI>Tower.</HI></P>
<P><HI>Oliver</HI> having felt the Pul&s;e of the Army in <HI>Ireland,</HI> as was ob&s;erved before, re&s;olved to &s;end his Son <HI>Harry</HI> thither, that being on the Place, he might be the more able to fix the Soldiery to his Intere&s;t. In his Journey to <HI>Ireland</HI> with his Wife and Family, he was every-where care&s;&s;ed by the Cavalier Party, and particularly enter|tained by Col. <HI>Mo&s;&s;on</HI> in <HI>North-Wales,</HI> where the Health of his Father was drunk by the &s;aid Colonel. After &s;ome time &s;pent in tho&s;e parts, he put to Sea; and upon his arrival in the Bay of <HI>Dublin,</HI> the Men of War that accom|panied him, and other Ships in the Harbour, rung &s;uch a Peal with their Cannon, as if &s;ome great good News had been coming to us; and tho' the u&s;ual place of landing for tho&s;e who come in Ships of War was near my Hou&s;e, yet he and his company went up in Boats to the <HI>Rings-end,</HI> where they went a&s;hore, and were met there by mo&s;t of the Officers Civil and Military about the Town: The end of his coming over was not at fir&s;t di&s;covered, and conjectured to be only to command in the Ar|my as Major General under Lieut. General <HI>Fleetwood.</HI> The two Months agreed on at the de&s;ire of the Lieutenant General for my Stay in <HI>Ireland</HI> being expired, he renewed his Reque&s;t
<PB N="535" REF="274"> that I would again defer my Journey to <HI>Eng|land</HI> for two Months longer, to which I con|&s;ented, not doubting that it proceeded from his Friend&s;hip to me. But the la&s;t two Months drawing near to an end, I began to prepare for my Journey; which being ob&s;erved, an Order, pur&s;uant to In&s;tructions from <HI>England,</HI> was brought to me by Col. <HI>Thomas Herbert,</HI> Secre|tary of the Council, requiring me to remain in <HI>Ireland.</HI> The Secretary told me, that he had it in Commi&s;&s;ion from Lieut. General <HI>Fleet|wood,</HI> to acquaint me, that upon his own ac|count, and notwith&s;tanding this Order, he would take upon him to give me permi&s;&s;ion to go in|to <HI>England</HI> for &s;etling my Affairs there, if I would engage to return within &s;ix Months, and not act again&s;t the pre&s;ent Government during that time.</P>
<P>Tho' I thought my &s;elf very ill u&s;ed, not on|ly by being denied the opportunity of coming to a &s;peedy Trial for not delivering my Com|mi&s;&s;ion at the Command of the General, but al|&s;o by being prevented to take care of my pri|vate Affairs without the&s;e Fetters; yet I let him know, that I would attend the Lieutenant General the next Morning concerning this matter: Which having done according to my Promi&s;e, he pre&s;&s;ed me to comply with his Re|que&s;t, with the general Argument of the Duty that lay upon me to &s;ubmit to the higher Powers. I an&s;wered, that as I conceived it was yet in di&s;|pute who were the&s;e higher Powers, whether the
<PB N="536" REF="275"> Government of a Commonwealth, or that of a &s;ingle Per&s;on; that I knew not whether with|in the time prefixed by him for me to engage not to act, I might have an opportunity &s;o to do, and therefore dur&s;t not engage to the con|trary. He demanded of me what I judged an opportunity to ju&s;tifie me in &s;uch an Underta|king? To which I replied, Such an appearance of good Men, as might probably balance the Power of the &s;ingle Per&s;on: I took the Liber|ty al&s;o to tell him, that he him&s;elf had already ju&s;tified that Principle by his own Practice in acting again&s;t the King: But, &s;aid he, we had the Authority of the Parliament for our Ju&s;ti|fication. But what, &s;aid I, have you to coun|tenance you in your Actions now for a &s;ingle Per&s;on again&s;t the Parliament, which I may not have to ju&s;tifie me in acting with another Power again&s;t this &s;ingle Per&s;on? and for any thing I know, the &s;ame Parliamentary Autho|rity that commi&s;&s;ioned us all to act again&s;t the King, may within that time authorize me to act again&s;t the pre&s;ent &s;ingle Per&s;on. Two or three Conferences and Me&s;&s;ages pa&s;&s;ed be|tween us upon this Bu&s;ine&s;s, the re&s;ult of all which was, that I promi&s;ed to render my &s;elf a Pri&s;oner to <HI>Cromwel,</HI> who might farther di&s;po&s;e of me as God &s;hould permit him: But this Offer not proving &s;atisfactory, the Council &s;e|conded their former Order, and required me not to go out of <HI>Ireland</HI> without their farther Directions. Finding my &s;elf thus &s;urrounded,
<PB N="537" REF="275"> and well knowing that this Hard&s;hip was impo|&s;ed upon me by Order from <HI>Whitehall,</HI> and that what the Lieutenant General had propo&s;ed, was out of Affection to my Per&s;on, I thought my &s;elf obliged to u&s;e my utmo&s;t Endeavours to &s;ecure him from &s;uffering for his Civility and Friend&s;hip to me: To that end I propo&s;ed that tho' I could not engage po&s;itively not to act during &s;ix Months, as was de&s;ired, becau&s;e whatever Opportunity might be offered, I &s;hould then have my Hands tied during the &s;aid time; yet I would promi&s;e not to act within that time again&s;t the pre&s;ent Government, un|le&s;s I had fir&s;t &s;urrendred my &s;elf to the General, or Lieut. General <HI>Fleetwood,</HI> and de&s;ired of them to be freed from this Engagement. Lieutenant General <HI>Fleetwood</HI> con&s;ented to this Propo&s;ition, profe&s;&s;ing his readine&s;s to comply with my De&s;ires in what he could; and accordingly this Agreement being drawn up to our mutual Satisfaction, together with his Permi&s;&s;ion for my Departure to <HI>England,</HI> was &s;igned by him at the <HI>Phoenix,</HI> in the pre&s;ence of Mr. <HI>Corbet,</HI> then Chief Baron in that Nation. The next Day Col. <HI>Lawrence</HI> came to me, and after &s;ome Di&s;cour&s;e, told me, that by rea&s;on of &s;ome Op|po&s;ition which the Lieutenant General had met with in my Affair, he had &s;ent him to de&s;ire of me, that notwith&s;tanding what had pa&s;&s;ed be|tween us, I would re&s;pite my Journey for a Fortnight or three Weeks longer, in which time he doubted not to clear my way for me.
<PB N="538" REF="276"> I pre&s;ently &s;u&s;pected from what Corner the Wind blew, but knew not how to help my &s;elf for the pre&s;ent. The next Morning Mr. <HI>Cor|bet</HI> &s;ent me a Me&s;&s;age, to de&s;ire that I would meet him on the Road betwixt my Hou&s;e and <HI>Dublin;</HI> which having done according to his Appointment, he acquainted me more particu|larly with what had happened, telling me that Col. <HI>Cromwel</HI> was &s;o enraged at the Form of our Agreement, that he had written to his Father concerning it, in&s;omuch that if I &s;hould venture to go, he doubted I might be ob&s;truct|ed by the way, which would not only be trouble&s;ome to me, but di&s;honourable to the Lieutenant General. He a&s;&s;ured me al&s;o that Lieut. General <HI>Fleetwood</HI> would take &s;uch care to repre&s;ent the matter in <HI>England,</HI> that all Ob&s;tacles to my Pa&s;&s;age might be removed in a &s;hort time, and de&s;ired of me that I would not have the wor&s;e Opinion of him for not performing at pre&s;ent what he had promi&s;ed. In an&s;wer to Mr. <HI>Corbet,</HI> I let him know, that I found my &s;elf &s;o much di&s;po&s;ed to the contrary, that whereas once I thought the Lieu|tenant General could have done more for me if he would, now I clearly perceived he had done more on my account than he could well an&s;wer.</P>
<P>It now began to be publick that Lieut. Gen. <HI>Fleetwood</HI> was &s;uddenly to depart for <HI>England,</HI> tho' it was given out that his Bu&s;ine&s;s there was only to advi&s;e in &s;ome particular Affairs,
<PB N="539" REF="276"> and that he &s;hould &s;peedily return to <HI>Ireland.</HI> At his Departure he was accompanied by Col. <HI>Cromwel</HI> and his Lady, the Council, the May|or and Aldermen of <HI>Dublin,</HI> with mo&s;t of the con&s;iderable Per&s;ons then about the City. They brought him as far as my Hou&s;e, which &s;tood near the place of embarking, where after a &s;hort &s;tay he went on board, and departed for <HI>Eng|land,</HI> leaving me with a permi&s;&s;ion to tran&s;port my &s;elf into <HI>England,</HI> which was to take effect about a Month after, requiring all Per&s;ons to permit me to pa&s;s without Interruption. He promi&s;ed me likewi&s;e that in the mean time he would take care to remove all Difficulties that might hinder me, and that it &s;hould be the fir&s;t Bu&s;ine&s;s he would do after his arrival at <HI>London.</HI></P>
<P>Some time after, I under&s;tood by a Letter from my Father <HI>Old&s;worth,</HI> that Lieut. General <HI>Fleet|wood</HI> had a&s;&s;ured him that I would &s;uddenly be in <HI>England,</HI> and that he had left me a Pa&s;&s;port as &s;ufficient to that purpo&s;e as he could give, or I needed; which being &s;poken by him after he had been with his Father <HI>Cromwel,</HI> made me pre&s;ume he had cleared the way for me. Having received this Advice, I prepared for my Jour|ney, and waiting on Mr. <HI>Corbet</HI> to take my leave of him, I &s;hewed him the Lieut. General's Pa&s;s, and that Clau&s;e in my Father <HI>Old&s;worth</HI>'s Let|ter which related to it. He told me that Col. <HI>Cromwel,</HI> who was then in his Progre&s;s, had &s;ent a Me&s;&s;age to him that he &s;hould acquaint
<PB N="540" REF="277"> me with a &s;econd Order lately brought from <HI>England,</HI> to require po&s;itively my Stay in <HI>Ire|land;</HI> but withal added, that being unwilling to be employed in &s;uch unwelcome Me&s;&s;ages to his Friends, he had made his Excu&s;e to the Colonel by Letter, which he pre&s;umed was accepted by him, becau&s;e he had heard no|thing of it &s;ince that time, and therefore de|clared, that he mentioned it not to me as a Per&s;on commi&s;&s;ioned &s;o to do, but only as a Friend. I told him that I &s;hould take no notice of it, but proceed on my Voyage, as I had before de&s;igned, having already hired a Ve&s;&s;el to that end. He then de&s;ired that I would &s;tay till the return of Colonel <HI>Cromwel,</HI> which would cer|tainly be within two or three days, le&s;t it &s;hould be &s;u&s;pected that he had advi&s;ed with me about my Departure. I being unwilling to bring any prejudice upon him, con&s;ented to defer my Journey till the return of Colonel <HI>Cromwel,</HI> and endeavoured to attend him on the Day of his coming to Town: But he arriving late in the Night, I found my &s;elf ob|liged to go home without &s;peaking to him, by rea&s;on of a Humour fallen upon one of my Legs, which had been hurt by a Hor&s;e; &s;o that I was con&s;trained to put my Wi&s;e to the trouble of making my Excu&s;e; who ac|quainting him with my Condition, and &s;hew|ing him the Lieutenant General's Pa&s;s, with the Clau&s;e in that Letter before mentioned, a&s;|&s;ured him that the Compo&s;ure and Settlement
<PB N="541" REF="277"> of my E&s;tate in <HI>England</HI> nece&s;&s;arily required my pre&s;ence there. He told her that he knew no|thing to hinder my pa&s;&s;age, and that a Man of War was ready in the Harbour for our Tran&s;|portation; and de&s;iring her to dine, promi&s;ed that after Dinner they &s;hould go together to <HI>Cork-</HI>Hou&s;e, to &s;peak with Mr. <HI>Corbet</HI> her Hu&s;|band's old Friend, as he favoured me to call him, and that the work &s;hould be done. My Wife accordingly went with him full of Ex|pectation, that the Bu&s;ine&s;s &s;he came about would be effected; but after he had con&s;ulted with Mr. <HI>Corbet,</HI> he told her, that though I had the Lieut. General's Pa&s;s, yet becau&s;e he had &s;ince received a Command for my &s;tay, he could not give Order for my Departure: That if &s;he would go, &s;he &s;hould have a Ship of War to tran&s;port her, which &s;he excu&s;ed, unle&s;s I might have permi&s;&s;ion to go al&s;o. Then &s;aid &s;he, tho' you will not grant a Warrant for my Husband's going, I hope you will not order his &s;tay. No indeed, &s;aid Col. <HI>Cromwel,</HI> I &s;hall not, tho' I think it would be much better for him to &s;tay; tho' what I &s;peak is as a Friend, and not as one in Authority.</P>
<P>Upon con&s;ideration of the&s;e Particulars: <HI>1&s;t.</HI> That I had the Lieutenant General's Or|der, who was then the Chief Officer in <HI>Ireland,</HI> together with Mr. <HI>Corbet</HI>'s Advice for my go|ing, who was one of the Council, in ca&s;e I were not ordered to &s;tay, and al&s;o Col. <HI>Crom|wel</HI>'s Promi&s;e, who was Principal in Command
<PB N="542" REF="278"> upon the place, that he would not detain me, I re&s;olved to go aboard. And having written a Letter to Col. <HI>Cromwel,</HI> to a&s;&s;ure him that the end of my going to <HI>England</HI> was to &s;ettle my di&s;compo&s;ed Family and E&s;tate, I ordered it not to be delivered to him till the next Day a|bout Noon, and endeavoured to get on board with my Wife and Servants on that Day; but the Wind blowing hard, and the Weather be|ing very bad, no Boat could be procured that would adventure to Sea. At la&s;t I prevailed not without difficulty with the Ma&s;ter of one of the large&s;t Herring-Ve&s;&s;els that was in the Bay to carry me and my Family to the Ship which was to tran&s;port me, and lay about a League and half from the Shoar. We depart|ed between two and three in the Afternoon, and were accompanied to the Ship by about two hundred People of the place, &s;o that it could not be ju&s;tly &s;aid, as it was afterwards, that I &s;tole away privately, the Road by which the Ve&s;&s;el mu&s;t nece&s;&s;arily pa&s;s, being al&s;o within &s;ight of <HI>Dublin.</HI> Being arrived on board the Man of War which lay ready for us, we weighed Anchor about eleven a Clock that Night, and recovered the Harbour of <HI>Beauma|ris</HI> by next Day at Noon, about which time my Letter to Col. <HI>Cromwel</HI> was according to my Order delivered to him by my Servant. The Weather was &s;o tempe&s;tuous, that we dur&s;t not adventure to land till the &s;econd Day after our Arrival, when the Wind &s;omewhat
<PB N="543" REF="278"> abating, we went a-&s;hoar, where the Gover|nour of <HI>Beaumaris</HI> met us, and furni&s;hed us with Hor&s;es to carry us to the Town. We ob|&s;erved him to look a little melancholy, yet &s;u&s;|pected not the rea&s;on of it. But after Dinner the Governour, as civilly as he could, acquainted me, that one Captain <HI>Shaw,</HI> who was then in Town, had brought him an Order from Col. <HI>Henry Cromwel,</HI> and the re&s;t of the Council in <HI>Ireland,</HI> to detain me there till the Plea&s;ure of his Father &s;hould be known concerning me. I de&s;ired a &s;ight of the Order, and found it to be directed to the Governour of <HI>Beaumaris, Che|&s;ter,</HI> or any other Garri&s;on, or Commander of any of the Forces, <HI>&amp;c.</HI> and &s;igned by <HI>Henry Cromwel, ...... Pepis, Matt. Thomlin&s;on,</HI> and <HI>Miles Corbet.</HI> Capt. <HI>Shaw</HI> excu&s;ed him&s;elf for being employed in this Me&s;&s;age, and told me, that the Day after I left <HI>Ireland,</HI> he being ju&s;t then arrived from <HI>England,</HI> and very weary of his Journey, went to bed, where he had not been above an Hour, before he was &s;ent for by Col. <HI>Cromwel,</HI> and told, that being informed of my Departure for <HI>England,</HI> which was ex|pre&s;ly again&s;t an Order received from his Fa|ther, he had immediately &s;ummoned a Coun|cil, where it had been agreed to &s;end after me, and to &s;ecure me where&s;oever I &s;hould be over|taken, and that he had pitched upon him as a fit Per&s;on to be employed in this Bu&s;ine&s;s, and to attend his Father and the Lieutenant Gene|ral with an account of it. He &s;aid he had en|deavoured
<PB N="544" REF="279"> to get him&s;elf excu&s;ed, but neither his Wearine&s;s by rea&s;on of his great Journey, nor any other Arguments would prevail with Col. <HI>Cromwel.</HI> I told him, that tho&s;e who re|&s;olved to wor&s;hip the Ri&s;ing Sun, mu&s;t not re|fu&s;e to run upon more ungrateful Errands than this, even towards the be&s;t of their Friends, and therefore could not &s;uppo&s;e that any Re|&s;pect which he expre&s;&s;ed to have for me &s;hould prevail to excu&s;e him from this Employment: However, that I thought Lieutenant General <HI>Fleetwood,</HI> whom I knew to be the Per&s;on he hoped to advance him&s;elf by, would not take it well that he &s;hould be in&s;trumental in offer|ing this Affront to his Authority, he being Chief Governour of <HI>Ireland,</HI> and I on my Journey by his Pa&s;&s;port and Permi&s;&s;ion, who I hoped under&s;tood his own Power. The Lord <HI>Fitz-Williams,</HI> a civil Per&s;on, tho' a Papi&s;t, and one who had been Lieutenant General to <HI>Pre&s;ton</HI> when he commanded an Army of <HI>Iri&s;h</HI> Rebels, came over with us from <HI>Ireland,</HI> and being rea|dy to take Hor&s;e for <HI>London,</HI> was plea&s;ed to give me a Vi&s;it before he went, wherein he not only expre&s;&s;ed him&s;elf very &s;orry to &s;ee me un|der Re&s;traint, but a&s;&s;ured me of his readine&s;s to u&s;e his utmo&s;t Endeavours with his Highne&s;s the Lord Protector, as he thought fit to call him, in my behalf. I gave him my Thanks for his Civility, but thought it a &s;trange Revo|lution of Affairs, that the Intere&s;t of a Gentle|man who had been Lieutenant General in the
<PB N="545" REF="279"> Army of the <HI>Iri&s;h</HI> Rebels, &s;hould be &s;o much greater than mine in the General of the Army of the Commonwealth. Capt. <HI>Shaw</HI> being rea|dy to depart for <HI>London,</HI> and de&s;iring to know if he could do any Service for me there, I gave him a Letter for Lieutenant General <HI>Fleetwood,</HI> which was to let him know what had hapned &s;ince his Departure, wherein I thought him to be much more concerned than my &s;elf; and that being his Pri&s;oner, and coming upon his Permi&s;&s;ion, the Affront was wholly done to him, tho' the &s;uffering part fell to my &s;hare. In the Evening I was conveyed to a Widow's Hou&s;e in the Town, where I had the Conve|niency of a Chamber and Dining-Room, with a Sentinel placed at the Stairs-head. With great Impatience I expected the Return of the Po&s;t from <HI>London,</HI> hoping that the Matter would be &s;o pre&s;ented by Lieutenant Gene|ral <HI>Fleetwood</HI> and Capt. <HI>Shaw,</HI> that I might have my Liberty. But the U&s;urper, who&s;e Jealou|&s;ies increa&s;ed with his Guilt, being informed of my Landing, di&s;patched an Order to the Go|vernour of <HI>Beaumaris,</HI> to this effect, <HI>That where|as Lieutenant General</HI> Ludlow <HI>was &s;toln out of</HI> Ireland, <HI>he &s;hould take care to keep him in &s;trict and &s;afe Custody, and not to permit any to &s;peak with him.</HI> Upon the Receipt of this Order, the Governour, re&s;olving to make his Fortune by any means, propo&s;ed to impri&s;on me in the Ca&s;tle, the Air of which place is &s;o unheal|thy, that the Soldiers dare not lodge there;
<PB N="546" REF="280"> and it is ob&s;erved, that few Pri&s;oners who have been confined there have ever recovered from the Di&s;tempers which they contracted. I told him, that being in his Power, I could not re&s;i&s;t; but the Warrant requiring no &s;uch thing, a time might come wherein he might be called to account for what he now did. Whereupon he thought fit to let me remain at my Lodg|ings, but permitted no Man to come to me &s;ave my own Servants, and of tho&s;e not above two. One cau&s;e of this Severity toward me, as I conjecture, was, that I might not have an Op|portunity of &s;peaking with the Officers of the <HI>Iri&s;h</HI> Brigade, le&s;t I &s;hould have put them in mind of their Duty, who having &s;erved <HI>Crom|wel</HI>'s turn in a&s;&s;i&s;ting to &s;uppre&s;s the late At|tempts again&s;t him, were now returning for <HI>Ire|land,</HI> and lay at <HI>Beaumaris</HI> in expectation of a Wind. Neither did their Cruelty extend only to me, but Col. <HI>Cromwel</HI> having notice that Col. <HI>Kemp&s;tone,</HI> who Married my Si&s;ter, had a&s;&s;i&s;ted me in my going away, and had not given advice to him of it, committed him to Pri&s;on where he was u&s;ed with equal Severity as my &s;elf, tho' he alledged in his ju&s;tification that he knew not that I was guilty of any Crime, nor that I was forbidden to depart from <HI>Ireland;</HI> and tho' he did not know of any Ne|ce&s;&s;ity I had of a Pa&s;s for my going, yet he well knew that I had one from Lieutenant General <HI>Fleetwood,</HI> the Chief Officer of <HI>Ire|land,</HI> and that he only accompanied me
<PB N="547" REF="280"> to the Water-&s;ide, as a hundred more had done.</P>
<P>To prevent any fal&s;e Repre&s;entation of the State of my Bu&s;ine&s;s, I gave an account of it to my Friends in <HI>Ireland,</HI> as well as to tho&s;e in <HI>England.</HI> Some of my Letters were inter|cepted, and in one of them was found an Ex|pre&s;&s;ion to this effect: <HI>Tho' I know not of any Crime whereof I am guilty, yet I am wor&s;e u&s;ed by tho&s;e with whom I have engaged, than by tho&s;e again&s;t whom I fought; for when I was made Pri|&s;oner by the latter, no Per&s;on was denied the Li|berty of coming to me, and I was permitted in publick to give my Rea&s;ons in ju&s;tification of the Proceedings of the Parliament; but the pre&s;ent Powers being as it &s;eems more con&s;cious of their own Guilt, will not permit me either to &s;ee or &s;peak with any of my Friends.</HI> After I had been &s;ix Weeks a Pri&s;oner, Capt. <HI>Shaw</HI> returned to <HI>Beau|maris</HI> with an Order for my Di&s;charge, on con|dition that I would &s;ign an Engagement which he brought ready drawn, to oblige my &s;elf never to act again&s;t the pre&s;ent Government. He told me, that Lieutenant General <HI>Fleetwood</HI> &s;u&s;pect|ing my unwillingne&s;s to &s;ign any &s;uch Paper, had de&s;ired Col. <HI>John Jones</HI> to accompany him to me, and either to per&s;wade me to &s;ub&s;cribe it, or to accommodate the Bu&s;ine&s;s as well as he could. Accordingly Col. <HI>Jones</HI> came to me with Col. <HI>Sadler,</HI> who commanded the <HI>Iri&s;h</HI> Brigade before-mentioned, and who had been long in the Town, tho' he dur&s;t not come to
<PB N="548" REF="281"> me before this time. Upon the peru&s;al of this Engagement, which was propo&s;ed as the con|dition of my Di&s;charge, I &s;oon came to a Re|&s;olution, that I would not &s;ign it, if my Life as well as my Liberty had lain at &s;take; acquaint|ing them with the Rea&s;ons of my Refu&s;al, and with the Engagement given to Lieutenant Ge|neral <HI>Fleetwood,</HI> by which I &s;tood obliged to render my &s;elf a Pri&s;oner either to <HI>Cromwel</HI> or him&s;elf, which I was ready to perform. Col. <HI>Sadler</HI> &s;aid, That it was highly rea&s;onable, and as much as could be expected from me; and ad|ded, that he was confident the Difference be|tween <HI>Cromwel</HI> and me was grounded upon Mi&s;takes, he having heard him expre&s;s great Affection to me, with Prote&s;tations that he wi&s;hed me as well as any Man in the three Na|tions. I thought it not convenient to take much pains to undeceive him, but was rather willing he &s;hould believe that he &s;poke in ear|ne&s;t, tho' indeed he loved no Per&s;on living any farther than he &s;erved to promote his Ambiti|tion; for how could it be expected that one who had &s;acrificed his Con&s;cience and Honour, as well as the Cau&s;e of his Country, to the Idol of his Pride, &s;hould &s;cruple to trample under foot any Man that &s;tood in his way? One of the Company endeavoured to per&s;wade me to &s;ign the Paper as it was drawn, re&s;erving to my &s;elf tho&s;e Explanations which I had before pro|po&s;ed, or el&s;e to look upon my &s;elf as free from any Obligation, being under a Force. To
<PB N="549" REF="281"> which I an&s;wered, That I thought it below a Man to be compelled to any Act again&s;t his Con&s;cience, with an intention to violate the &s;ame; and that to re&s;erve any Explanations to my &s;elf, as it had been again&s;t my Practice, &s;o was it contrary to my Principles, unle&s;s the Go|vernour would con&s;ent to accept my Sub&s;crip|tion to the Engagement with &s;uch an Explana|tion as I was willing to make. Thus de&s;pairing to obtain the Liberty of pur&s;uing my Journey at that time, I prepared to &s;end my Wi&s;e to &s;ettle my Affairs as well as &s;he could; and the Company being gone to Dinner, I wrote Let|ters to my Friends and Relations; when on a &s;udden Col. <HI>Jones</HI> and Col. <HI>Sadler</HI> came up to tell me that the Governour was willing to di&s;|charge me if I would &s;ign the Engagement with &s;uch an Explanation as I had propo&s;ed. Here|upon I de&s;ired the Governour not to do any thing out of re&s;pect to me, that might not con|&s;i&s;t with the Duty of his Place, or prove to be to his Prejudice, my Explanation being in my Opinion an ab&s;olute Repeal of the Engagement as &s;oon as I had rendred my &s;elf. He replied, he had con&s;idered of it, and was willing to ac|cept of it, if I would &s;ign it. Whereupon the Company de&s;ired me to draw my own Expla|nation, which I did to this effect, <HI>viz. I look upon this Engagement now tendred to me for my Sub&s;cription by the Governour of</HI> Beaumaris, <HI>by Order from,</HI> &amp;c. <HI>to be no longer of any force than till I have rendred my &s;elf a Pri&s;oner at</HI> White|hall,
<PB N="550" REF="282"> <HI>and in that Sen&s;e I only &s;ub&s;cribe it.</HI> Having drawn and &s;igned two Copies of this Explana|tion, and procured them to be atte&s;ted by Co|lonel <HI>John Jones,</HI> Colonel <HI>Sadler,</HI> and Captain <HI>Shaw,</HI> I delivered one of them to the Gover|nour, and kept the other my &s;elf, and then &s;igned the Engagement. Capt. <HI>Shaw</HI> informed me that Lieutenant General <HI>Fleetwood</HI> had been much concerned for my Re&s;traint, and had ex|pre&s;&s;ed him&s;elf highly di&s;plea&s;ed with him for undertaking that Imployment; that he had u&s;ed all po&s;&s;ible Diligence for my Liberty, in which he had met with great Oppo&s;ition; in particular, that Major General <HI>Lambert</HI> had endeavoured to per&s;wade him that I was of &s;uch Principles, and &s;uch a Spirit, as not to de|&s;erve my Liberty, tho' I cannot remember that our Familiarity had ever been &s;o great as to ena|ble him to give a Character of me.</P>
<P>Having thus cleared my way, I departed from <HI>Beaumaris,</HI> and pa&s;&s;ing over <HI>Penman-Maur</HI> I ar|rived at <HI>Conway</HI> the fir&s;t Night. From thence in two days I reached <HI>Wrexham,</HI> where after we had been treated two or three days by Col. <HI>Jones,</HI> my Coach which I had &s;ent before from <HI>Ireland</HI> being brought to us, we &s;et forward on our Journey for <HI>London;</HI> but the ways being extremely bad, by rea&s;on of a Fro&s;t which yet was not able to bear the Coach, it was near three a Clock before we came to <HI>Whitchurch,</HI> tho' it was not above twelve Miles. But being de&s;irous to reach <HI>London</HI> if po&s;&s;ible that Week,
<PB N="551" REF="282"> fearing if <HI>Cromwel</HI> &s;hould hear of my being on the Road, he would &s;end to &s;top me, we tra|velled till nine a Clock that Night, and the next after till twelve. The next day we came to <HI>Coventry</HI> about four in the Afternoon, where Col. <HI>Whalley</HI> commanded as Ba&s;haw, or Major General. After &s;ome refre&s;hment we conti|nued our Journey, and by the help of the Moon-light and the Snow that lay on the Ground, we reached <HI>Dunchurch</HI> a little after twelve; there we re&s;ted till about three, and then &s;et forward toward <HI>Toce&s;ter,</HI> where we arrived by &s;ix that Night, and between one and two the next Morning we began our Jour|ney for <HI>London:</HI> But at <HI>Stony-&s;tratford</HI> the Coach breaking, my Wife and I, with two or three Servants, took Hor&s;e, and about &s;ix of the Clock in the evening of the <HI>10th</HI> of <HI>December,</HI> one of the &s;horte&s;t days of the Year, we came to <HI>We&s;tmin&s;ter,</HI> having travelled fifty Miles that day. The &s;ame Night I waited on Lieu|tenant General <HI>Fleetwood,</HI> to acknowledge his Care of me, and to acquaint him with the Con|dition on which I had my Liberty to come up, and with the explanation upon which only I had &s;igned the Engagement propo&s;ed to me, and de&s;ired of him that the whole Matter of Fact might be plainly &s;tated to his Father-in-law, and that I might be now accounted free from that Engagement, according to the Ex|planation. He told me, he was glad to &s;ee me there, and would take care to acquaint his
<PB N="552" REF="283"> Highne&s;s, as he called him, with what I had &s;aid, and to repre&s;ent it as much as might be to my advantage. The next Wedne&s;day after my arrival about eight in the Evening, <HI>Crom|wel</HI> &s;ent a Gentleman, one Mr. <HI>Fenwick,</HI> to let me know that he would &s;peak with me. I found him in his Bed-Chamber at <HI>Whitehall,</HI> and with him Major General <HI>Lambert,</HI> Col. <HI>Sydenham,</HI> Mr. <HI>Walter Strickland,</HI> Col. <HI>Monta|gue,</HI> and &s;oon after came in Lieutenant General <HI>Fleetwood.</HI> The fir&s;t Salute I received from him was to tell me, that I had not dealt fairly with him in making him to believe I had &s;ign|ed an Engagement not to act again&s;t him, and yet re&s;erving an Explanation whereby I made void that Engagement; which if it had not been made known to him, he might have relied upon my Promi&s;e, and &s;o have been engaged in Blood before he was aware. I told him, I knew not why he &s;hould look upon me to be &s;o con&s;iderable; neither could I apprehend how it had been po&s;&s;ible for me to deal more fairly and openly with him than I had done: For I had told his Governour at <HI>Beaumaris,</HI> that if my Life as well as my Liberty had been at &s;take, I could not &s;ign the Engagement &s;imply, and therefore had re&s;olved to continue there, had not the Governour him&s;elf expre&s;&s;ed a De&s;ire to accept of my Sub&s;cription with that Explanati|on. And becau&s;e I accounted it to be in effect a Repeal of the Engagement, I had told him &s;o and de&s;ired him to do nothing out of re|&s;pect
<PB N="553" REF="283"> to me that con&s;i&s;ted not with his Duty; notwith&s;tanding which, the Governour told me, he was free to accept my Sub&s;cription, &s;o that I knew not but he might have received In|&s;tructions &s;o to do. No, &s;aid <HI>Cromwel,</HI> he had none from me. That was more, &s;aid I, than I knew; and if you had not notice as well of the one as the other, it was not my fault, for I had acquainted you with neither; and tho&s;e who informed you of the one, I pre&s;umed had made you acquainted with the other al&s;o. He then objected to me, that I was &s;tolen from <HI>Ire|land</HI> without leave: To which I made an&s;wer, That tho' I knew no cau&s;e why I &s;hould either be detained in <HI>Ireland,</HI> or obliged to ask leave to depart, yet to avoid all pretence of Excepti|on again&s;t me, I had taken care to procure even that too, as far as it was po&s;&s;ible, having a Pa&s;&s;port for <HI>England</HI> from Lieutenant General <HI>Fleetwood,</HI> the Chief Officer of <HI>Ireland,</HI> with the Advice of Mr. <HI>Corbet,</HI> one of his Council, for my coming, and his Son <HI>Harry</HI>'s Promi&s;e not to ob&s;truct me in my Journey. He next asked me, wherefore I would not engage not to act again&s;t the pre&s;ent Government, telling me, that if <HI>Nero</HI> were in Power, it would be my Duty to &s;ubmit. To which I replied, that I was ready to &s;ubmit, and could truly &s;ay, that I knew not of any De&s;ign again&s;t him. But &s;aid I, if Providence open a way, and give an Opportunity of appearing in behalf of the Peo|ple, I cannot con&s;ent to tie my own Hands be|fore-hand,
<PB N="554" REF="284"> and oblige my &s;elf not to lay hold on it. However, &s;aid he, it is not rea&s;onable to &s;uffer one that I di&s;tru&s;t to come within my Hou&s;e, till he a&s;&s;ure me he will do me no Mi&s;|chief: I told him, I was not accu&s;tomed to go to any Hou&s;e, unle&s;s I expected to be welcom; neither had I come hither but upon a Me&s;&s;age from him, and that I de&s;ired nothing but a lit|tle liberty to breathe in the Air, to which I conceived I had an equal Right with other Men. He then fell to inveigh bitterly again&s;t Major <HI>Wildman,</HI> as the Author of the Petition from the Army before-mentioned, reviling him with unhand&s;om Language, and &s;aying, he de|&s;erved to be hanged; and that he mu&s;t &s;ecure me al&s;o, if I would not oblige my &s;elf never to act again&s;t him. I told him I had gone as far as I could in that Engagement which I had given to Lieutenant General <HI>Fleetwood;</HI> and if that were not thought &s;ufficient, I re&s;olved with God's A&s;&s;i&s;tance to &s;uffer any Extremities that might be impo&s;ed upon me. Yes, &s;aid he, we know your Re&s;olution well enough, and we have cau&s;e to be as &s;tout as you; but I pray who &s;poke of your Suffering? Sir, &s;aid I, if I am not deceived, you mentioned the &s;ecuring my Per&s;on. Yea, &s;aid he, and great Rea&s;on there is why we &s;hould do &s;o; for I am a&s;hamed to &s;ee that Engagement which you have given to the Lieutenant General, which would be more fit for a General who &s;hould be taken Pri&s;oner, and that hath yet an Army of thirty thou&s;and
<PB N="555" REF="284"> Men in the Field, than for one in your conditi|on. I an&s;wered, that it was as much as I could con&s;ent to give, and what Lieutenant General <HI>Fleetwood</HI> thought fit to accept. Then begin|ning to carry him&s;elf more calmly, he &s;aid that he had been always ready to do me what good Offices he could, and that he wi&s;hed me as well as he did any one of his Council, de&s;iring me to make choice of &s;ome Place to be in, where I might have good Air. I a&s;&s;ured him, that my Di&s;&s;atisfactions were not grounded upon any Animo&s;ity again&s;t his Per&s;on; and that if my own Father were alive, and in his Place, they would, I doubted not, be altogether as great. He acknowledged that I had always carried my &s;elf fairly and openly to him, and prote&s;t|ed that he had never given me ju&s;t Cau&s;e to act otherwi&s;e.</P>
<P>When <HI>Cromwel</HI> had fini&s;hed his Di&s;cour&s;e, &s;ome of tho&s;e who were pre&s;ent, began to make their Ob&s;ervations, and particularly Col. <HI>Mon|tague</HI> thought it worthy his notice, that I had intimated, <HI>If Providence &s;hould offer an Occa&s;ion, I was ready to act again&s;t the pre&s;ent Government;</HI> but the re&s;t of the Company &s;eemed a&s;hamed of what he &s;aid. Major General <HI>Lambert</HI> then de&s;ired to know from me why I could not own this as a lawful Government: Becau&s;e, &s;aid I, it &s;eems to me to be in &s;ub&s;tance a Re-e&s;tabli&s;h|ment of that which we all engaged again&s;t, and had with a great Expence of Blood and Trea&s;ure aboli&s;hed. What then, &s;aid he, would
<PB N="556" REF="285"> you account to be a &s;ufficient Warrant for you to act again&s;t the pre&s;ent Authority? I an&s;wer|ed, When I might rationally hope to be &s;up|ported by an Authority equal or &s;uperior to to this, and could be per&s;waded that the &s;aid Au|thority would employ its Power for the Good of Mankind. But who &s;hall be Judge of that, &s;aid he? For all are ready to &s;ay they do &s;o, and we our &s;elves think we u&s;e the be&s;t of our En|deavours to that end. I replied, that if they did &s;o, their Crime was the le&s;s, becau&s;e every Man &s;tands obliged to govern him&s;elf by the Light of his own Rea&s;on, which Rule, with the A&s;&s;i&s;tance of God, I was determined to ob|&s;erve. Col. <HI>Sydenham</HI> &s;aid, we might be mi&s;|taken in Judging that to be a Power giving us a ju&s;t and rational Call to act, which may not be &s;o. I told him, that we ought to be very care|ful and circum&s;pect in that particular, and at lea&s;t be a&s;&s;ured of very probable Grounds to be|lieve the Power under which we engage to be &s;ufficiently able to protect us in our Under|taking; otherwi&s;e I &s;hould account my &s;elf not only guilty of my own Blood, but al&s;o in &s;ome mea&s;ure of the Ruine and De&s;truction of all tho&s;e that I &s;hould induce to engage with me, tho' the Cau&s;e were never &s;o ju&s;t.</P>
<P>This Di&s;cour&s;e being ended, I was de&s;ired to withdraw into the next room, where Lieu|tenant General <HI>Fleetwood</HI> came to me, and la|boured to per&s;wade me to engage, as was de|&s;ired, tho' but for a Week. I made an&s;wer,
<PB N="557" REF="285"> that I was not willing to do it for an Hour; then, &s;aid he, you &s;hall engage to me. I told him I looked upon my &s;elf already obliged by the Conditions of my late Engagement, far|ther than which I could not go; and thereupon returned to my Lodging, in order to imploy my lei&s;ure about my private Affairs during that time.</P>
<P>The De&s;ign again&s;t the <HI>Spaniards</HI> in the <HI>We&s;t-Indies</HI> having been, as was before related, un&s;ucce&s;sful, it was re&s;olved to &s;end three thou|&s;and Men from <HI>Scotland</HI> and <HI>Ireland</HI> to rein|force the Party in <HI>Jamaica,</HI> which from twelve thou&s;and Men was now reduced to little more than three thou&s;and. The Officers of this Reinforcement were to be of &s;uch as were accounted di&s;&s;atisfied with the pre&s;ent Po&s;ture of Affairs, and therefore thought unfit to re|main here. Among&s;t the Officers of the <HI>Scots</HI> Regiment was a Lieutenant Colonel, I think it was Lieut. Col. <HI>Brain,</HI> who &s;ome time before had been ca&s;hiered for his Affection to the Commonwealth, which was now e&s;teemed the Common Enemy. But not having gained by his faithful Services any competent Sub&s;i&s;t|ence, as mercenary Officers generally know how to do, he was driven to the nece&s;&s;ity of accepting the Command of that Regi|ment.</P>
<P>According to their In&s;tructions they &s;et &s;ail for the place of Rendezvouz, where they were to meet tho&s;e Forces that were ordered to join
<PB N="558" REF="286"> them from <HI>Ireland.</HI> But a violent Storm ari|&s;ing in their Pa&s;&s;age, this Colonel, with about three hundred Men, was ca&s;t away, the re&s;t being driven on the Coa&s;t of <HI>Ireland.</HI></P>
<P>Great endeavours were u&s;ed in <HI>Ireland</HI> to per&s;wade Lieut. Col. <HI>Walker,</HI> an hone&s;t Man and a good Officer, to undertake the Command of tho&s;e Forces that were ordered to be &s;ent from thence; but he perceiving the De&s;ign, and being throughly &s;en&s;ible that this Offer was not made to him from any Affection to his Per&s;on, or &s;en&s;e of his Services, refu&s;ed to bite at the Bait, tho' it was gilded as much as might be, by advancing a con&s;iderable Sum, and &s;atisfying the Arrears of tho&s;e that went, out of the forfeited Lands in &s;uch places as they &s;hould chu&s;e. Upon his refu&s;al, Major <HI>Moor</HI> accepted the Imployment with the Title of Co|lonel; but on condition that after he had con|ducted the Men to <HI>Jamaica,</HI> he &s;hould have liberty to return, which he did after many Difficulties and Hazards of his Per&s;on. Capt. <HI>Che&s;ter,</HI> a &s;tout Man, and one who at a Gene|ral Council of Officers had openly expre&s;&s;ed his Di&s;content again&s;t the U&s;urpation, was al&s;o per&s;waded to engage in his Service, and lo&s;t his Life in the Expedition.</P>
<P><HI>Cromwel</HI> perceiving he could not compa&s;s his De&s;igns again <HI>Spain</HI> by his own Power, entred into an Alliance with the <HI>French,</HI> who by the Treaty with him, obliged them&s;elves not to permit the Sons of the late King to remain in
<PB N="559" REF="286"> any part of <HI>France;</HI> which Article was punctu|ally performed. For &s;uch is the My&s;tery, or ra|ther Knavery of tho&s;e Governments that are framed to &s;upport an Arbitrary Power, that they will not &s;cruple to &s;acrifice the be&s;t Friends and neare&s;t Relations when they &s;tand in the way of their De&s;igns. This Confederacy was dearly purcha&s;ed on our part; for by it the Balance of the two Crowns of <HI>Spain</HI> and <HI>France</HI> was de&s;troyed, and a Foundation laid for the future Greatne&s;s of the <HI>French,</HI> to the un&s;peak|able Prejudice of all <HI>Europe</HI> in general, and of this Nation in particular, who&s;e Intere&s;t it had been to that time accounted to maintain that Equality as near as might be.</P>
<P>In the mean time the Major Generals carried things with unheard of In&s;olence in their &s;eve|ral Precincts, Decimating to extremity whom they plea&s;ed, and interrupting the Proceedings at Law upon Petitions of tho&s;e who pretend|ed them&s;elves aggrieved; threatning &s;uch as would not yield a ready &s;ubmi&s;&s;ion to their Orders, with Tran&s;portation to <HI>Jamaica</HI> or &s;ome other Plantations in the <HI>We&s;t-Indies;</HI> and &s;uf|fering none to e&s;cape their Per&s;ecution, but tho&s;e that would betray their own Party, by di&s;covering the Per&s;ons that had acted with them or for them. And here I cannot omit to mention a Farmer in <HI>Bark&s;hire,</HI> who being de|manded to pay his Tenth, de&s;ired to know of the Commi&s;&s;ioners, in ca&s;e he did &s;o, what Se|curity he &s;hould have for the other nine parts:
<PB N="560" REF="287"> and an&s;wer being made that he &s;hould have <HI>Cromwel</HI>'s Order and theirs for the Enjoyment of the re&s;t; he replied, that he had already an Act of Parliament for the whole, which he could not but think to be as good Security as they could give. But, &s;aid he, if Goodman &s;uch a one, and another whom he named of his Neigh|bours, will give me their Bond for it, I know what to &s;ay to &s;uch a Propo&s;al; for if they break their Agreement, I know where to right my &s;elf; but the&s;e Sword-men are too &s;trong for me.</P>
<P>A Squadron of our Ships cruizing off the Coa&s;t of <HI>Spain,</HI> met with and fought 5 Ships re|turning thither from the <HI>We&s;t-Indies,</HI> which had on board a <HI>Spani&s;h</HI> Marqui&s;s, who with his Fa|mily and great Wealth acquired in his Govern|ment there, was coming back to <HI>Spain.</HI> The <HI>Spaniards</HI> defended them&s;elves as well as they could; but the Marqui&s;s thinking it impo&s;&s;ible to e&s;cape, &s;et fire to the Ship wherein he was, and with mo&s;t of his Family was burnt in her. Of the other four one was &s;unk in the Fight, another made her e&s;cape, and two were taken, on board of one of which was the Son of the &s;aid Marqui&s;s. It was reported that in the two Ships taken, there was found about three Mil|lions in Bullion, which was brought in triumph by Carts from <HI>Port&s;mouth</HI> to <HI>London,</HI> in order to be coined at the <HI>Tower.</HI></P>
<P>The Siege of <HI>Dunkirk</HI> being undertaken by the <HI>French,</HI> their Confederate <HI>Cromwel</HI> &s;ent a
<PB N="561" REF="287"> Body of Men in number about &s;ix thou&s;and, for the mo&s;t part Foot, to their A&s;&s;i&s;tance. The Cavalier Party under the Duke of <HI>York</HI> joined them&s;elves to the <HI>Spaniards,</HI> who en|deavoured with an Army to relieve the Place; and having &s;ent a Party to po&s;&s;e&s;s them&s;elves of a Sand-Hill, &s;o galled the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> from thence, that they re&s;olved, if po&s;&s;ible, to remove them from that Po&s;t. The Ground was &s;o deep and loo&s;e, that they could not without extreme difficulty march up the Hill; yet at la&s;t they effected it, and having put the <HI>Spaniards</HI> to flight, pur&s;ued them to their main Body: But having engaged them&s;elves too far, and being over-powered by great numbers of Hor&s;e and Foot, (the <HI>French</HI> leaving the whole &s;tre&s;s of the Fight upon them) they were in danger of being entirely cut off; which being perceived by Major General <HI>Drummond</HI> a <HI>Scots</HI> Officer, who &s;erved with the Engli&s;h as a Volunteer, he rode up to the <HI>French</HI> Hor&s;e, and by re|proaching them with Treachery and Negli|gence, procured a Party of Hor&s;e to be &s;ent to their Succour. Upon the arrival of this &s;ea|&s;onable Relief, the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> took fre&s;h Courage, renewed their Attack, and killed a great num|ber of the Enemy; many of tho&s;e that were killed on the Enemies &s;ide were <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> and <HI>Iri&s;h,</HI> that fought under the Duke of <HI>York.</HI> And as it was confe&s;&s;ed by all pre&s;ent, that the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> who took part with the French, beha|ved them&s;elves with more Bravery than any in
<PB N="562" REF="288"> the Field that day; &s;o it was ob&s;erved that tho&s;e of the Cavalier Party, who had joined with the <HI>Spaniards,</HI> behaved them&s;elves wor&s;t. Soon after this Battel the Town of <HI>Dunkirk</HI> was &s;urrendred to the <HI>French,</HI> and delivered into the hands of the <HI>Engli&s;h,</HI> as it had been a|greed between <HI>Cromwel</HI> and Cardinal <HI>Maza|rine.</HI></P>
<P>It being thought fit to fortifie divers Places of Importance in <HI>Scotland, Cromwel</HI> appointed a con&s;iderable Sum of Money to be expend|ed on the Works of <HI>Ayre, Dundee, Leith, St. Johns-town, Sterling,</HI> &amp;c. and had &s;o balanced the &s;everal Intere&s;ts in his Councils there, that tho' <HI>Monk</HI> generally favoured the more loo&s;e and vitious Party among&s;t the <HI>Scots,</HI> yet there were not wanting &s;ome who &s;upported an hone&s;ter &s;ort of Men, that were not willing to permit their King to return without Con|ditions. The Lord <HI>Broghil</HI> had been of great u&s;e to moderate the&s;e two Parties; but being much afflicted with the Gout, and the Air of <HI>Scotland</HI> not agreeing with his di&s;temper'd Bo|dy, he de&s;ired <HI>Cromwel</HI> to grant him leave to return to <HI>Ireland</HI> according to his Promi&s;e, the Year of his Re&s;idence in <HI>Scotland</HI> being now ex|pired. <HI>Cromwel</HI> not willing to comply with his De&s;ires in this particular, di&s;patched In|&s;tructions to his Son <HI>Henry</HI> in <HI>Ireland</HI> by all means to procure a Petition from the di&s;con|tented Party, again&s;t the Lord <HI>Broghil</HI>'s return thither. To this end Sir <HI>Hardre&s;s Waller</HI> &s;u&s;|pecting
<PB N="563" REF="288"> that the Pre&s;ence of this Lord might eclip&s;e his Greatne&s;s, became an earne&s;t Solici|tor to Adjutant General <HI>Allen,</HI> and Quarter|ma&s;ter General <HI>Vernon,</HI> to join in a Petition to that effect. But they perceiving the De&s;ign, not only refu&s;ed &s;o to do, but plainly told him that they were ready to join in a Petition for his coming, it being impo&s;&s;ible to be wor&s;e with them than now it was. This Di&s;cour&s;e being reported to Col. <HI>Henry Cromwel</HI> with an In&s;inuation, that it was to be &s;u&s;pected that there was &s;ome De&s;ign carrying on by the Lord <HI>Broghil</HI> and the di&s;&s;atisfied Party in <HI>Ireland,</HI> he &s;ent an account of it to his Father, and de&s;ired that he would not by any means permit him to return thither.</P>
<P>Divers Con&s;piracies that had been formed again&s;t the Government of the U&s;urper being already defeated, and the Authors of them for the mo&s;t part puni&s;hed, he was prevailed with to permit Major General <HI>Harri&s;on</HI> and Mr. <HI>Carew,</HI> whom he had &s;ent to remote Con|finements, to be Pri&s;oners at their own Habi|tations; and accordingly he ordered Major <HI>Strange</HI> to go to <HI>Carisbrook</HI> Ca&s;tle, and to bring the Major General from thence to his Hou&s;e at <HI>Highgate:</HI> where when I was acquainted with his arrival, I went to make him a Vi&s;it, and having told him that I was very de&s;irous to be informed by him of the Rea&s;ons that moved him to join with <HI>Cromwel</HI> in the Interruption of the Civil Authority; he an&s;wered that he had
<PB N="564" REF="289"> done it, becau&s;e he was fully per&s;waded they had not a heart to do any more good for the Lord and his People, Then, &s;aid I, are you not now convinced of your Error, in entertaining &s;uch Thoughts, e&s;pecially &s;ince it has been &s;een what u&s;e has been made of the u&s;urped Power? To which he replied, Upon their Heads be the Guilt, who have made a wrong u&s;e of it; for my own part, my Heart was upright and &s;in|cere in the thing. I an&s;wered, that I conceived it not to be &s;ufficient in matters of &s;o great Im|portance to Mankind, to have only good In|tentions and De&s;igns, unle&s;s there be al&s;o pro|bable means of attaining tho&s;e Ends by the Me|thods we enter upon; and tho' it &s;hould be granted that the Parliament was not inclined to make &s;o full a Reformation of things ami&s;s as might be de&s;ired, yet I could not doubt that they would have done as much good for us, as the Nation was fitted to receive; and there|fore that extraordinary Means ought not to have been u&s;ed, till it had been clearly evident that the ordinary had failed, e&s;pecially &s;ince it could not but be manife&s;t to every Man, who ob&s;erved the &s;tate of our Affairs; that upon the &s;uppre&s;&s;ion of the Civil Authority, the Power would immediately devolve upon that Per&s;on who had the greate&s;t Intere&s;t in the Army. His &s;econd Rea&s;on for joining with <HI>Cromwel</HI> was, becau&s;e he pretended to own and favour a &s;ort of Men, who acted upon higher Principles than tho&s;e of Civil Liberty. I re|plied,
<PB N="565" REF="289"> that I thought him mi&s;taken in that al&s;o, &s;ince it had not appeared that he ever approved of any Per&s;ons or things farther than he might make them &s;ub&s;ervient to his own ambitious De|&s;igns; reminding him that the generality of the People that had engag'd with us having acted up|on no higher Principles than tho&s;e of Civil Liber|ty, and that they might be governed by their own Con&s;ent, it could not be ju&s;t to treat them in another manner upon any pretences what|&s;oever. The Major General then cited a Pa&s;|&s;age of the Prophet <HI>Daniel,</HI> where 'tis &s;aid, <HI>That the Saints &s;hall take the Kingdom and po&s;&s;e&s;s it.</HI> To which he added another to the &s;ame effect, <HI>That the Kingdom &s;hall not be left to a|nother People.</HI> I an&s;wered, that the &s;ame Pro|phet &s;ays in another Place, <HI>That the Kingdom &s;hall be given to the People of the Saints of the mo&s;t High.</HI> And that I conceived, if they &s;hould pre&s;ume to take it before it was given, they would at the be&s;t be guilty of doing evil, that good might come from it: For to deprive tho&s;e of their Right in the Government, who had contended for it equally with our &s;elves, were to do as we would not that others &s;hould do to us: That &s;uch Proceedings are not only unju&s;t, but al&s;o impracticable, at lea&s;t for the pre&s;ent; becau&s;e we cannot perceive that the Saints are clothed with &s;uch a Spirit, as tho&s;e are required to be to whom the King|dom is promi&s;ed; and therefore we may ea&s;ily be deceived in judging who are &s;it for Govern|ment,
<PB N="566" REF="290"> for many have taken upon them the Form of Saint&s;hip, that they might be admit|ted to it, who yet have not acted &s;utably to their Preten&s;ions in the &s;ight of God or Men: for proof of which we need go no further than to tho&s;e very Per&s;ons who had drawn him to a&s;&s;i&s;t them in their De&s;ign of exalting them|&s;elves, under the &s;pecious Pretence of advan|cing the Kingdom of Chri&s;t. He confe&s;&s;ed him|&s;elf not able to an&s;wer the Arguments I had u&s;ed; yet &s;aid, he was not convinced that the Texts of Scripture quoted by him were not to be interpreted in the Sen&s;e he had taken them, and therefore de&s;ired a farther Conference with me at another time, when each of us might be accompanied with &s;ome Friends to a&s;&s;i&s;t us in the clearing of this Matter. I con&s;ented to his propo&s;al, and &s;o we parted; but from that time forward we had not an opportunity to di&s;cour&s;e farther upon this Subject.</P>
<P>About the &s;ame time Mr. <HI>Peters,</HI> who &s;till kept fair with tho&s;e at <HI>Whitehall,</HI> made me a Vi&s;it; and in our Conver&s;ation about the Pub|lick Affairs I freely told him my Opinion con|cerning the Actions of <HI>Cromwel,</HI> endeavouring to make him &s;en&s;ible not only of his Inju&s;tice, but great Imprudence, thus to &s;acrifice the Common Cau&s;e to his Ambition, and by every &s;tep he had lately taken to &s;trengthen the hands of the Common Enemy, whereby he would undoubtedly open a way for the Return of the Family of the late King, who would not fail
<PB N="567" REF="290"> to do all that Revenge could in&s;pire them with: Whereas if he had made u&s;e of his Power to e&s;tabli&s;h the ju&s;t Liberties of the Nation, or could yet be per&s;waded &s;o to do, he might live more honoured and e&s;teemed, have the Plea|&s;ure and Satisfaction ari&s;ing from &s;o generous an Action, when he died, and leave his own Family, together with the whole Body of the People, in a mo&s;t happy and flouri&s;hing Condi|tion. He confe&s;&s;ed that what I had &s;aid was mo&s;t true, but added, that there was not a Man about him who had Courage enough to tell him &s;o: That for his part he had ob&s;erved him immediately after the Victory at <HI>Worce&s;ter</HI> to be &s;o elevated, that he then began to fear what was &s;ince come to pa&s;s; and that he told a Friend with whom he then quartered in his re|turn to <HI>London,</HI> that he was inclined to believe <HI>Cromwel</HI> would endeavour to make him&s;elf King.</P>
<P>The U&s;urper having governed as he thought long enough by virtue of the In&s;trument of Government, which tho' drawn up by him&s;elf and his Creatures, was now thought to lay too great a Re&s;traint upon his ambitious Spirit; and re&s;olving to re&s;t &s;atisfied with nothing le&s;s than the Succe&s;&s;ion of his Family to the Crown, he attempted to make him&s;elf King. To this end he thought it nece&s;&s;ary to call a Parliament; and that he might engage the Army to a&s;&s;i&s;t him in all Parts to procure &s;uch Men to be cho&s;en as would be fit for his purpo&s;e, he pretended
<PB N="568" REF="291"> that this A&s;&s;embly was called only in order to rai&s;e Money for the Paiment of the Army and Fleet, to confirm the Authority of the Major Generals, and that of the In&s;trument of Go|vernment. By this means he obtained his De|&s;ires in a great mea&s;ure, e&s;pecially in <HI>Scotland</HI> and <HI>Ireland,</HI> where all kinds of Artifice, and in many places the mo&s;t irregular Cour&s;es, were taken to get &s;uch Men returned as were pro|po&s;ed by the Court. But knowing the People of <HI>England</HI> not to be of &s;o mercenary a Spirit; and that as they were better in&s;tructed in the Principles of Civil Liberty, &s;o they were not wanting in Courage to a&s;&s;ert it, he u&s;ed his ut|mo&s;t Endeavours to di&s;able and incapacitate &s;uch Men from being cho&s;en, whom he thought mo&s;t likely to ob&s;truct his De&s;igns. In order to this he &s;ummoned the Lord Pre&s;ident <HI>Brad|&s;haw,</HI> Sir <HI>Henry Vane,</HI> Col. <HI>Rich,</HI> and my &s;elf, to appear before him in Council: Which we all did except Sir <HI>Henry Vane,</HI> who told the Me&s;|&s;enger he &s;hould be at his Hou&s;e at <HI>Charing-Cro&s;s</HI> on a certain day. <HI>Cromwel,</HI> as &s;oon as he &s;aw the Lord Pre&s;ident, required him to take out a new Commi&s;&s;ion for his Office of Chief Ju&s;tice of <HI>Che&s;ter,</HI> which he refu&s;ed, alledging that he held that Place by a Grant from the Parliament of <HI>England</HI> to continue <HI>quamdiu &s;e bene ge&s;&s;erit.</HI> And whether he had carried him|&s;elf with that Integrity which his Commi&s;&s;ion exacted from him, he was ready to &s;ubmit to a Trial by twelve <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Men, to be cho&s;en
<PB N="569" REF="291"> even by <HI>Cromwel</HI> him&s;elf. Col. <HI>Rich</HI> being pre&s;&s;ed to give Security not to act again&s;t the Government, and refu&s;ing &s;o to do, was &s;ent Pri&s;oner to <HI>Wind&s;or-</HI>Ca&s;tle. Then I drew near to the Council-Table, where <HI>Cromwel</HI> charged me with di&s;per&s;ing trea&s;onable Books in <HI>Ireland,</HI> and with endeavouring to render the Officers of the Army di&s;affected, by di&s;cour&s;ing to them concerning new Models of Government. I ac|knowledged that I had cau&s;ed &s;ome Papers to be di&s;per&s;ed in <HI>Ireland,</HI> but denied that they ju&s;tly could be called Trea&s;onable. And tho' I knew not that it was a Crime to debate of the &s;everal Forms of Government, yet that I had not done any thing of that nature lately to the be&s;t of my remembrance. He then &s;aid, that he was not ignorant of the many Plots that were on foot to di&s;turb the pre&s;ent Power, and that he thought it his Duty to &s;ecure &s;uch as he &s;u&s;pected. To this I replied, that there were two Duties required by God of the Magi&s;trate, <HI>i. e.</HI> that he be a Terror to tho&s;e that do evil, and a Prai&s;e to &s;uch as do well; and whether my Actions were good or bad, I was ready to &s;ubmit to a legal Trial: That I was ignorant of any other way to &s;ecure the Magi&s;trate from being afraid of the People, or the People from the Dread of the Magi&s;trate, unle&s;s both will do that which is ju&s;t and good. You do well, &s;aid he, to reflect on our Fears; yet I would have you know, that what I do, proceeds not from any Motive of Fear, but from a timely
<PB N="570" REF="292"> Prudence to fore&s;ee and prevent Danger: That had I done as I &s;hould, I ought to have &s;ecured you immediately upon your coming into <HI>Eng|land,</HI> or at lea&s;t when you de&s;ired to be freed from the Engagement you had given after your arrival; and therefore I now require you to give a&s;&s;urance not to act again&s;t the Govern|ment. I de&s;ired to be excu&s;ed in that Particu|lar, reminding him of the Rea&s;ons I had for|merly given him for my Refu&s;al, adding, that I was in his Power, and that he might u&s;e me as he thought fit. Pray then, &s;aid he, what is it that you would have? May not every Man be as good as he will? What can you de&s;ire more than you have? It were ea&s;ie, &s;aid I, to tell what we would have. What is that, I pray, &s;aid he? That which we fought for, &s;aid I, that the Nation might be governed by its own Con&s;ent. I am, &s;aid he, as much for a Governmeent by Con&s;ent as any Man; but where &s;hall we find that Con&s;ent? Among&s;t the Prelatical, Presbyterian, Independent, Ana|bapti&s;t, or Leveling Parties? I an&s;wered, a|mong&s;t tho&s;e of all &s;orts who had acted with Fidelity and Affection to the Publick. Then he &s;ell into the Commendation of his own Go|vernment, boa&s;ting of the Protection and Quiet which the People enjoyed under it, &s;aying that he was re&s;olved to keep the Nation from being imbrued in Blood. I &s;aid, that I was of Opini|on too much Blood had been already &s;hed, un|le&s;s there were a better account of it. You do
<PB N="571" REF="292"> well, &s;aid he, to charge us with the Guilt of Blood; but we think there is a good Return for what hath been &s;hed; and we under&s;tand what clande&s;tine Corre&s;pondences are carrying on at this time between the <HI>Spaniard</HI> and tho&s;e of your Party, who make u&s;e of your Name, and affirm that you will own them and a&s;&s;i&s;t them. I know not, &s;aid I, what you mean by my Party, and can truly &s;ay, that if any Men have entred into an Engagement with <HI>Spain,</HI> they have had no Advice from me &s;o to do, and that if they will u&s;e my Name I cannot help it. Then in a &s;ofter way he told me, that he de|&s;ired not to put any more Hard&s;hips on me than on him&s;elf; that he had been always ready to do me all the good Offices that lay in his Pow|er, and that he aimed at nothing by this Pro|ceeding but the Publick Quiet and Security. Truly Sir, &s;aid I, I know not why you &s;hould be an Enemy to me who have been faithful to you in all your Difficulties. I under&s;tand not, &s;aid he, what you mean by my Difficulties. I am &s;ure they were not &s;o properly mine as tho&s;e of the Publick; for in re&s;pect to my outward Condition I have not much improved it, as the&s;e Gentlemen, pointing to his Council, well know. To which they &s;eemed to a&s;&s;ent, by ri&s;ing from their Chairs; and therefore I thought not fit to in&s;i&s;t farther on that Point, contenting my &s;elf to &s;ay, that it was from that Duty which I owed to the Publick, where|of he expre&s;&s;ed &s;uch a peculiar Regard, that I
<PB N="572" REF="293"> dur&s;t not give the Security he de&s;ired, becau&s;e I conceived it to be again&s;t the Liberty of the People, and contrary to the known Law of <HI>England.</HI> For proof of this I produced an Act of Parliament for re&s;training the Council-Table from impri&s;oning any of the free-born People of <HI>England;</HI> and in ca&s;e they &s;hould do &s;o, requiring the Ju&s;tices of the Upper Bench, upon the Application of the aggrieved Party, to grant his <HI>Habeas Corpus,</HI> and to give him con&s;iderable Damages. To this Act I &s;uppo|&s;ed he gave his free Vote, a&s;&s;uring him, that for my own part I dur&s;t not do any thing that &s;hould tend to the violation of it. But, &s;aid he, did not the Army and Council of State commit Per&s;ons to Pri&s;on? I an&s;wered, that the Council of State did &s;o, but it was by vir|tue of an Authority granted to them by the Parliament; and if the Army had &s;ometimes acted in that manner, it had been in time of War, and then only in order to bring the Per|&s;ons &s;ecured to a legal Trial; whereas it is now pretended that we live in a time of Peace, and are to be governed by the known Laws of the Land. A Ju&s;tice of Peace, &s;aid he, may com|mit, and &s;hall not I? He is, &s;aid I, a legal Officer, and authorized by the Law to do &s;o, which you could not be, tho' you were King; becau&s;e if you do wrong therein, no Remedy can be had again&s;t you. Therefore if I have offended again&s;t the Law, I de&s;ire to be referred to a Ju&s;tice of the Peace, that I may be pro|ceeded
<PB N="573" REF="293"> with according to Law; but if I have done nothing to de&s;erve a Re&s;traint, that then I may have my Liberty. Whereupon being commanded to withdraw into a Room next to the Council-Chamber, I heard Major General <HI>Lambert</HI> to advi&s;e that I might be peremptorily required to give the Security demanded. But <HI>Cromwel</HI> &s;aid, that the Air of <HI>Ireland</HI> was good, that I had a Hou&s;e there, and therefore he thought it be&s;t to &s;end me thither. Immediate|ly after Mr. <HI>Scobel,</HI> one of the Clerks of the Council, came to me, and acquainted me, that I might return to my Lodging; where I had not been a quarter of an hour before Mr. <HI>Strick|land,</HI> one of the Council, came to me, and pre&s;&s;ed me earne&s;tly to comply: But I told him, that having contended for the Liberty of others, I was not willing to give away my own, and to be made a Precedent to the preju|dice of my Country-men, becau&s;e it was the plea&s;ure of tho&s;e that had the Sword to have it &s;o. Why, &s;aid he, was it not the Sword by which you kept <HI>Warder-</HI>Ca&s;tle, and by which you acted during the whole cour&s;e of the late War? I had, &s;aid I, the Authority of the Par|liament to ju&s;tifie me in &s;o doing. He an&s;wer|ed, But they governed by the Sword. To which I replied, that indeed they made u&s;e of the Sword to remove the <HI>Ob&s;tructions</HI> that were in the way of the Civil Government, and ex|erci&s;ed that Power to vindicate and e&s;tabli&s;h the Law of the Land; and that I was heartily
<PB N="574" REF="294"> &s;orry to &s;ee one who had been &s;o forward in the Cau&s;e of the Publick, not to di&s;cern any Diffe|rence between a Sword in the hands of a Par|liament to re&s;tore the People to their ancient Rights, and a Sword in the hands of a Tyrant to rob and de&s;poil them thereof. Here our Di&s;cour&s;e was interrupted by a Me&s;&s;enger who came from the Council with an Order from them, to require me to give the Security of five thou&s;and Pounds within three days after the Date of the Order, not to do any thing preju|dicial to the pre&s;ent Government; and in ca&s;e of failure, to be taken into Cu&s;tody. Upon the receipt of it I told the Me&s;&s;enger, that having no Power to re&s;i&s;t, I mu&s;t &s;ubmit to their Plea&s;ure. A day or two after the expi|ration of the Time limited by the Order for giving the demanded Security, which I had not done, Serjeant <HI>Dendy</HI> came to me with another from the Council, &s;igned by <HI>Henry Lawrence</HI> Pre&s;ident, requiring and authorizing him to take me into Cu&s;tody. Having &s;hewn me the Order, he de&s;ired me to make choice of a Chamber; but after &s;ome Di&s;cour&s;e with my near Relations, who were then pre&s;ent, he was contented to let me remain at my Lodgings. So having promi&s;ed to return in a day or two, and in the mean time to advi&s;e with Lieutenant Ge|neral <HI>Fleetwood,</HI> he went away. The next day <HI>Cromwel</HI> diverting him&s;elf with Hunting at <HI>Hampton-Court,</HI> asked my Brother <HI>Thomas Lud|low,</HI> who was in the Company, if he were not
<PB N="575" REF="294"> angry with him for committing me? And my Brother an&s;wering, that it was not fit for him to judge concerning his Actions: He thereup|on a&s;&s;ured him, that he wi&s;hed me as well as any of his own Children: That his de&s;iring me to give Security for my own Carriage to the Government, was de&s;igned by him as well for my Good as for his own Security, and that he would have him to engage for me; to which he mo&s;t readily con&s;ented. The Morning fol|lowing, my Brother came to me, and having acquainted me with what had pa&s;&s;ed between <HI>Cromwel</HI> and him&s;elf, I gave him thanks for his kind Offer; but withal told him, that I would by no means de&s;ire that of him which I was not willing to do my &s;elf. Be&s;ides, I told him, that &s;hould it be granted that the thing were fit for him to do, yet it might prove a Snare to him, and lay an Obligation upon him to gratifie the U&s;urper in another way. How|ever, after this Di&s;cour&s;e of <HI>Cromwel</HI> to my Bro|ther, and the Conference of my Relations with Serjeant <HI>Dendy,</HI> I ventured to accompany my Father and Mother <HI>Old&s;worth,</HI> with my Wife, into <HI>E&s;&s;ex,</HI> where we &s;pent the remaining part of that Summer. My &s;tay there did in &s;ome mea&s;ure an&s;wer the De&s;ign of <HI>Cromwel,</HI> which was to keep me out of my own Country, where he doubted I might ob&s;truct the Electi|on of &s;uch Per&s;ons as the Court had re&s;olved by all Methods to procure to be returned. But there was no need to fear my intermedling in
<PB N="576" REF="295"> that particular, at &s;uch a time; and if I had, it &s;hould have been only to give a publick Te&s;ti|mony again&s;t any Election at all, the Long Par|liament being &s;till in being, tho' under a pre&s;ent Force. Be&s;ides, it was manife&s;t that the de|&s;igned A&s;&s;embly was to be called for no other end than to &s;trengthen the Sword, and to ad|vance the corrupt Intere&s;t of him that called them together; and if it &s;hould happen that they had either the Courage or Hone&s;ty to at|tempt any thing for the Service of the Publick; I was a&s;&s;ured their Endeavours would be rendred fruitle&s;s by a &s;udden Di&s;&s;ipation.</P>
<P>Sir <HI>Henry Vane,</HI> according to his Promi&s;e, be|ing come to his Hou&s;e near <HI>Charing-cro&s;s,</HI> the Council &s;ent a Me&s;&s;enger thither to require him to attend them, which he did, and was there charged by <HI>Cromwel</HI> with Di&s;affection to the Government, which he had demon&s;trated by a late Writing publi&s;hed by him, with a &s;editious Intention. The Paper was called, <HI>A Healing, Que&s;tion propo&s;ed and re&s;olved,</HI> and contained the State of our Controver&s;ie with the King, the pre&s;ent Deviation from that Cau&s;e for which we engaged, and the means to unite all Parties in attaining the accompli&s;hment of it. It was written upon an Invitation given in a Declara|tion publi&s;hed by <HI>Cromwel</HI> for a General Fa&s;t, wherein it was de&s;ired that the People would apply them&s;elves to the Lord to di&s;cover that <HI>Achan</HI> which had &s;o long ob&s;tructed the Settle|ment of the&s;e di&s;tracted Nations. When it
<PB N="577" REF="295"> was fini&s;hed, he &s;hewed it to Lieutenant Gene|ral <HI>Fleetwood,</HI> who &s;eeming to approve it, de|&s;ired to take it with him, and promi&s;ed to com|municate it to <HI>Cromwel,</HI> upon the fir&s;t Opportu|nity that &s;hould be offered. Sir <HI>Henry</HI> did not di&s;own either his Di&s;&s;atisfaction with the pre|&s;ent State of Affairs, or the Publication of the Di&s;cour&s;e before-mentioned. So that <HI>Cromwel</HI> thought fit to require him, by a day limited, to give Security not to act again&s;t him. Which time being expired, he appeared again before the Council, and delivered into <HI>Cromwel</HI>'s own hand another Paper, containing the Rea&s;ons of his di&s;approving the pre&s;ent U&s;urpation, and a friendly Advice to him to return to his Duty, with &s;ome Ju&s;tification of his own Conduct with relation to the Publick. But notwith|&s;tanding all this, and divers Rea&s;ons alledged by him to excu&s;e him&s;elf from giving the de|manded Security, he was &s;ent Pri&s;oner to <HI>Ca|risbrook-</HI>Ca&s;tle in the <HI>I&s;le of Wight.</HI> The Pre|&s;ident <HI>Brad&s;haw,</HI> notwith&s;tanding what had pa&s;&s;ed, re&s;olved to go his Circuit as Chief Ju&s;tice of <HI>Che&s;ter,</HI> unle&s;s he &s;hould be prevented by Force. But it was thought more advi&s;able to permit him to execute his Office, than by putting a &s;top to his Circuit, to make a Breach with tho&s;e of the Long Robe, who&s;e A&s;&s;i&s;tance was &s;o nece&s;&s;ary to the carrying on of <HI>Crom|wel</HI>'s De&s;ign. Yet that neither he, nor, if po&s;&s;ible, any other Per&s;ons who had continued faithful to the Commonwealth, might be
<PB N="578" REF="296"> cho&s;en Members of the approaching A&s;&s;embly, Letters were di&s;patched to all Parts of <HI>England</HI> to give notice that it would be re&s;ented, if &s;uch Per&s;ons were elected; one of which was pub|lickly read at the Election for <HI>Che&s;ter,</HI> to deter Men from appearing for the Pre&s;ident. In <HI>Wilt&s;hire</HI> a more numerous Party appearing for me than was expected, they were a&s;&s;ured by &s;ome Creatures of <HI>Cromwel</HI> that I was a Pri&s;o|ner in the Tower, and by one who had former|ly &s;erved under me, that I had declared to him that I would not be cho&s;en. Yet for all this the People per&s;i&s;ting in their Re&s;olution to elect me, the Deputy Major-General of the County demanded of them, whether they in|tended to have a new War, that they de&s;igned to make choice of me? By &s;uch Arts the Emi&s;&s;a|ries of the Court cau&s;ed the Elections in mo&s;t Places to be decided in favour of &s;uch as plea&s;ed them. For my own part, tho' I had re&s;olved not to &s;tand, for Rea&s;ons which I mentioned be|fore, and on that account had not directly or indirectly &s;poken or written to any Per&s;on to appear for me; yet I mu&s;t acknowledge I was not di&s;&s;atisfied that &s;o con&s;iderable a Number of my Country-men were not afraid to own and accept that Service (how &s;mall &s;oever) that I had done in the Common Cau&s;e. The Court finding by the Li&s;ts they had received, that notwith&s;tanding all their Menaces, Promi&s;es, and other Artifices, divers Per&s;ons were cho&s;en whom they knew to be no Favourers of the
<PB N="579" REF="296"> U&s;urpation, re&s;olved to clear their hands of them at once. And to that end, under colour of a Clau&s;e in the In&s;trument of Government, that none &s;hould be admitted to Places of Pow|er and Tru&s;t, but &s;uch as were Men of Since|rity and Integrity, they gave an Exclu&s;ion to Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig</HI> and Mr. <HI>Scott,</HI> with as many more as they thought fit. By this means, and the refu&s;al of others to take out their Per|mi&s;&s;ions to &s;it from <HI>Cromwel</HI> and his Council, as was required, le&s;t they &s;hould &s;eem to counte|nance &s;uch a dete&s;table Impo&s;ition and open Breach of Privilege, it came to pa&s;s that a|bout a hundred of tho&s;e who were elected by the Country, were excluded from the Di&s;charge of their Tru&s;t, whil&s;t tho&s;e for <HI>Ireland</HI> and <HI>Scotland,</HI> who were cho&s;en by and for the Sword, were admitted without any &s;cruple. Tho&s;e that were excluded pre&s;ented a Petition to the &s;itting Members, acquainting them, that being cho&s;en by the Country to &s;erve with them, they were ready to di&s;charge their Du|ty, but were prevented from doing the &s;ame by the Power of the Sword, and refu&s;ed Ad|mittance into the Hou&s;e by a Guard of Soldi|ers. After the Petition had been read, a Com|mittee was &s;ent to inquire of <HI>Cromwel</HI> and his Council concerning the Rea&s;ons of that Pro|ceeding, who returned with this An&s;wer: That if the Per&s;ons complaining would addre&s;s them&s;elves to them, they &s;hould be relieved if there was Cau&s;e. With this An&s;wer the&s;e
<PB N="580" REF="297"> Men who would be accounted an <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Par|liament acquie&s;ced, leaving their Privileges un|vindicated, and the Merit of Elections to Par|liament to be adjudged by Men without doors. Then they proceeded to prepare divers Bills, which tended chiefly to gratifie the Soldiery, and &s;uch Per&s;ons as had received Grants of Land from <HI>Cromwel</HI> and his Council, which were confirmed to them. Yet for all this Harmony there were &s;ometimes bitter Reflections ca&s;t up|on the Proceedings of the Major Generals by the Lawyers and Country Gentlemen, who ac|cu&s;ed them to have done many things oppre&s;|&s;ive to the People, in interrupting the Cour&s;e of the Law, and threatning &s;uch as would not &s;ubmit to their Arbitrary Orders, with Tran&s;|portation beyond the Seas. On the other hand the Major Generals in&s;i&s;ted vehemently with the A&s;&s;embly to confirm the In&s;trument of Go|vernment, and to e&s;tabli&s;h their Authority in particular: and when it was propo&s;ed by &s;ome who were unwilling to &s;ettle &s;uch an Arbitrary Power by a Law, that to compo&s;e the&s;e Diffe|rences an Act of Indemnity &s;hould be granted for what was pa&s;t, one of the Major Generals had the In&s;olence to &s;ay, They would not thank them for that; for whil&s;t they had their Swords by their &s;ides, they could protect and indemnifie them&s;elves. So confident was the Soldierty grown, that they dur&s;t openly avow them&s;elves to be our Lords and Ma&s;ters. But the Lawyers and others of the A&s;&s;embly having
<PB N="581" REF="297"> privately received Encouragement from tho&s;e who were more powerful than the Major Gene|rals, de&s;i&s;ted not from endeavouring the Sup|pre&s;&s;ion of their Authority, loading them with many heavy Accu&s;ations, for which they had given but too ju&s;t Cau&s;e. Yet the Major Ge|nerals, confident of the Strength of their Party, moved for a day when the In&s;trument of Go|vernment, and the Confirmation of their Pow|er, &s;hould be debated; which having obtained, and the time come, they moved that the whole In&s;trument might be confirmed at once; but that being rejected, it was debated in Parts. When the Power of the Major Generals came under Con&s;ideration, all Men were in great Expectation concerning the i&s;&s;ue of it. It was &s;uppo&s;ed that <HI>Cromwel,</HI> who had erected their Authority, and engaged them in tho&s;e Actions for which they were now become odious, would &s;upport them again&s;t all Attempts; be|cau&s;e there appeared now no way &s;o probable to maintain his own Power, as by keeping the Army firmly united to him. But Ambition had corrupted his Under&s;tanding to that degree, that he made no &s;cruple to &s;acrifice the&s;e Men, who, to &s;ay no wor&s;e, had enlarged their Con|&s;ciences to an extraordinary &s;ize in the execution of his Orders, to tho&s;e who in requital of the Favour had promi&s;ed to make him King. Hi|therto he had given good Words to the Major Generals; but when their Power came to be debated, Mr. <HI>Cleypole</HI> his Son-in-law fir&s;t &s;tood
<PB N="582" REF="298"> up, which was unu&s;ual for him to do at all, and told the Hou&s;e, that he could but &s;tart the Game, and mu&s;t leave tho&s;e who had more Experience to follow the Chace; and therefore &s;hould only &s;ay, that he had formerly thought it nece&s;&s;ary in re&s;pect to the Condition in which the Nation had been, that the Major Generals &s;hould be entru&s;ted with the Authority which they had exerci&s;ed; but in the pre&s;ent State of Affairs he conceived it incon&s;i&s;tent with the Laws of <HI>England,</HI> and Liberties of the People to continue their Power any longer. This Mo|tion was a clear Direction to the Sycophants of the Court, who being fully per&s;waded that <HI>Cleypole</HI> had delivered the Sen&s;e, if not the very Words of <HI>Cromwel</HI> in this Matter, joined as one Man in oppo&s;ing the Major Generals, and &s;o their Authority was abrogated.</P>
<P>Soon after Col <HI>William Jeph&s;on,</HI> one of the Members that &s;erved for <HI>Ireland,</HI> moved in the Hou&s;e, that <HI>Cromwel</HI> might be made King; but Matters not being throughly concerted, it had no other effect than to &s;ound the Inclinations of the A&s;&s;embly. <HI>Cromwel</HI> having notice of this Motion, as he had of every thing that pa&s;&s;ed, reproved the Colonel gently at Table for it, telling him, that he wondred what he could mean by &s;uch a propo&s;ition. To which the other an&s;wered, that whil&s;t he was permitted the Honour of &s;itting in that Hou&s;e, he mu&s;t de&s;ire the Liberty to di&s;charge his Con&s;cience, tho' his Opinion &s;hould happen to di&s;plea&s;e.
<PB N="583" REF="298"> Whereupon <HI>Cromwel</HI> clapping him on the Shoul|der &s;aid, <HI>Get thee gone for a mad Fellow as thou art.</HI> But it &s;oon appeared with what Madne&s;s he was po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ed; for he immediately obtained a Foot Company for his Son, then a Scholar at <HI>Oxford,</HI> and a Troop of Hor&s;e for him&s;elf: and not long after was &s;ent Agent to the Crown of <HI>Sweden,</HI> with a con&s;iderable Allowance ap|pointed to defray the Expences of his Journey thither.</P>
<P>Many Objections being made in the Hou&s;e again&s;t the In&s;trument of Government, <HI>Crom|wel,</HI> who was vehemently de&s;irous to be a King, began to think it altogether in&s;ignificant to that purpo&s;e, and that it would be more conducing to his De&s;ign if a new Form were drawn up, and pre&s;ented to the A&s;&s;embly for their Appro|bation. Accordingly it was prepared by his Creatures, and brought into the Hou&s;e by Mr. <HI>Pack</HI> an Alderman of <HI>London,</HI> where it was without much difficulty read, and appeared to be a Shoe fitted to the Foot of a Monarch, tho' at pre&s;ent a Blank was left for the Title of the &s;ingle Per&s;on, who with Two Hou&s;es was to have the Supreme Legi&s;lative Power.</P>
<P>Tho&s;e who were of the Major Generals and Soldiers Party finding that <HI>Cromwel</HI> was aban|doning them to e&s;pou&s;e another Intere&s;t, &s;truck in with tho&s;e who &s;till retained &s;ome Affection to the Commonwealth; and all together per|ceiving that the&s;e new Mea&s;ures had been ad|vi&s;ed by the Craft of our old Enemy, to make
<PB N="584" REF="299"> u&s;e of <HI>Cromwel</HI>'s Ambition as the only probable means to reduce us to our former Servitude, fell &s;o furiou&s;ly upon <HI>Pack</HI> for his great Pre&s;umpti|on in bringing a Bu&s;ine&s;s of that Nature into the Hou&s;e, in &s;uch an Unparliamentary way, that they bore him down from the Speaker's Chair to the Bar of the Hou&s;e of Commons. But this heat being &s;oon over, the Lord <HI>Brog|hil,</HI> Serjeant <HI>Glynn,</HI> and others, who were ac|quainted with <HI>Cromwel</HI>'s De&s;ign, endeavoured to per&s;wade the Hou&s;e to debate the new Form, telling them, that being Ma&s;ters of their own Re&s;olutions, they might retain as much of it as was good, and reject what was not &s;o. By this means they brought it to be debated; and tho' they received &s;ome Oppo&s;ition therein, yet when it came to be put to the Que&s;tion, they carried all before them, and grew &s;o hardy to move that the Blank left for the In&s;ertion of the Title of the Chief Magi&s;trate might be filled up with the Name of <HI>KING.</HI> This Motion, tho' earne&s;tly oppo&s;ed by Lieutenant General <HI>Fleetwood,</HI> was carried al&s;o, and the Name voted, together with the filling up the two Blanks left for the Two Hou&s;es, with the words, <HI>Hou&s;e of Commons, and Other Hou&s;e.</HI> The latter of the&s;e was re&s;olved to con&s;i&s;t of &s;eventy Per&s;ons to be nominated by <HI>Cromwel,</HI> and to be approved by the A&s;&s;embly then &s;it|ting. But <HI>Cromwel</HI> being acquainted with that Re&s;olution, and di&s;liking it, as unrea&s;onable that Gentlemens Names &s;hould be canva&s;&s;ed,
<PB N="585" REF="299"> and it may be their Per&s;ons reflected on in a publick A&s;&s;embly, he obtained it to be left to him to appoint whom he &s;hould think fit to compo&s;e that <HI>Other Hou&s;e.</HI> He told them al&s;o, that the Provi&s;ion made for his Expence, and for maintaining the Army and Fleet, was not &s;ufficient, and thereby procured a grear Sum of Money to be added to that which at fir&s;t they de&s;igned. Yet for all this he &s;crupled to take upon him the Title of King, as a thing &s;canda|lous and of great hazard; tho' at the &s;ame time he vilified the former In&s;trument of Govern|ment to the la&s;t degree; and after having &s;o highly magnified it when it was e&s;tabli&s;hed, he compared it now to a rotten Plank, on which if a Man &s;et his Foot, it will break and leave him. The A&s;&s;embly well under&s;tanding that the Cau&s;e of his Delays was either to be impor|tuned to the thing, or to get time to per&s;wade the Army to be of the &s;ame Opinion with him|&s;elf, appointed a Committee of their own Mem|bers to give him their Rea&s;ons for accept|ing this Title. Among&s;t others the Lord <HI>Brog|hil</HI> much pre&s;&s;ed that Pa&s;&s;age brought by the Apo&s;tle in the Di&s;pute concerning the Abolition of the Jewi&s;h Wor&s;hip by the new and living Way revealed in Je&s;us Chri&s;t, illu&s;trated by the Wife that was put away, who might yet be re|taken by her former Husband, if &s;he was not married to another; applying this Similitude to the pre&s;ent occa&s;ion, as if there was no other way to keep out <HI>Charles Stuart,</HI> but by filling
<PB N="586" REF="300"> his Place with another King. Mr. <HI>Lenthall</HI>'s Argument was very Parliamentary and ratio|nal, had it been rightly applied; for he pre&s;&s;ed him to accept of it, becau&s;e it was propo&s;ed to him by the Parliament, as he was plea&s;ed to call it, whom he &s;aid he ought not to deny. But he was now arrived to that height of Vanity, that tho' the De&s;ign of this Argument was only to per&s;wade him to accept that which he de&s;ired above all things in the World; yet conceiving it below his Grandeur to acknowledge &s;uch a Prerogative in the Parliament alone, he ex|pre&s;&s;ed his Di&s;like of it. And tho' he owned that the Rea&s;ons they had offered had much weight in them, and that he was convinced there was no evil in the thing, yet he could not think it expedient to accept their Offer, be|cau&s;e he found that many of the good People of the Nation were di&s;&s;atisfied with it. With this An&s;wer he di&s;mi&s;&s;ed them for the pre&s;ent, and appointed them to attend him again. In the mean time, he endeavoured by all po&s;&s;ible means to prevail with the Officers of the Army to approve his De&s;ign, and knowing that Lieu|tenant General <HI>Fleetwood</HI> and Col <HI>Desborough</HI> were particularly aver&s;e to it, he invited him|&s;elf to dine per&s;onally with the Colonel, and carried the Lieutenant General with him, where he began to droll with them about Monarchy, and &s;peaking &s;lightly of it, &s;aid it was but a Feather in a Man's Cap, and therefore won|dred that Men would not plea&s;e the Children,
<PB N="587" REF="300"> and permit them to enjoy their Rattle. But he received from them, as Col. <HI>Desborough</HI> &s;ince told me, &s;uch an An&s;wer as was not at all &s;uta|ble to his Expectations or De&s;ires. For they a&s;&s;ured him, that there was more in this Mat|ter than he perceived; that tho&s;e who put him upon it were no Enemies to <HI>Charles Stuart;</HI> and that if he accepted of it, he would infallibly draw Ruine on him&s;elf and Friends. Having thus &s;ounded their Inclinations, that he might conclude in the manner he had begun, he told them they were a Couple of &s;crupulous Fel|lows, and &s;o departed. The next Day he &s;ent a Me&s;&s;age to the Hou&s;e, to require their At|tendance in the Painted Chamber the next Morning, de&s;igning, as all Men believed, there to declare his Acceptation of the Crown. But in the mean time meeting with Col. <HI>Desborough</HI> in the great Walk of the Park, and acquaint|ing him with his Re&s;olution, the Colonel made an&s;wer, that he then gave the Cau&s;e and <HI>Crom|wel</HI>'s Family al&s;o for lo&s;t; adding, that tho' he was re&s;olved never to act again&s;t him, yet he would not act for him after that time. So after &s;ome other Di&s;cour&s;e upon the &s;ame Subject, <HI>Desborough</HI> went home, and there found Col. <HI>Pride,</HI> whom <HI>Cromwel</HI> had Knighted with a Faggot-&s;tick; and having imparted to him the De&s;ign of <HI>Cromwel</HI> to accept the Crown, <HI>Pride</HI> an&s;wered, he &s;hall not: Why, &s;aid the Colonel, how wilt thou hinder it? To which <HI>Pride</HI> re|plied, Get me a Petition drawn, and I will pre|vent
<PB N="588" REF="301"> it. Whereupon they both went to Dr. <HI>Owen,</HI> and having acquainted him with what had happened, they per&s;waded him to draw a Petition according to their De&s;ires. Whil&s;t this was doing, <HI>Cromwel</HI> having reflected on his Di&s;cour&s;e with Col. <HI>Desborough,</HI> and being in|formed that <HI>Lambert</HI> and divers other Officers were di&s;&s;atisfied with his De&s;ign, &s;ent a Me&s;|&s;age to put off the Meeting in the Painted Chamber, and to de&s;ire that the Hou&s;e would &s;end a Committee to con&s;er with him about the Great Bu&s;ine&s;s that was then depending; in|tending thereby to gain time in which he might be fitting the Officers for his De&s;ign. But the Hou&s;e being ri&s;en before his Me&s;&s;age arrived, and &s;o out of a Capacity to appoint any to come to him, the old Committee that had been for|merly appointed to that end, thought &s;it by vir|tue of their general In&s;tructions to wait on him to know his Plea&s;ure. Accordingly they came to <HI>Whitehall,</HI> where they attended about two Hours, and then a <HI>Barbary-</HI>Hor&s;e being brought into the Garden for him to &s;ee, gave him an occa&s;ion to pa&s;s through the Room where the Committee was attending. As he was pa&s;&s;ing by without taking the lea&s;t notice of them, one of the Me&s;&s;engers put him in mind that they had attended very long; which he &s;lightly ex|cu&s;ing, told them, that he thought the Hou&s;e being ri&s;en before his Me&s;&s;age came to them, had not impowered any Per&s;ons to come to him. It was an&s;wered, That they came to
<PB N="589" REF="301"> him upon the general In&s;tructions which they had formerly received from the Hou&s;e: Upon which he told them, he would &s;end to them &s;ome other time. The next morning the Hou&s;e being in great Expectation of a Me&s;&s;age to ap|point the Time and Place for the Acceptance of what they had prepared, &s;ome Officers of the Army coming to the Parliament-Doors, &s;ent in a Me&s;&s;age to Col. <HI>Desborough,</HI> to acquaint him that they had a Petition which they de|&s;ired him to pre&s;ent to the Hou&s;e. But he knowing the Contents of it, and conceiving it unfit for him to take publick notice of it before it was pre&s;ented, acquainted the Hou&s;e, that certain Officers of the Army had a Petition to pre&s;ent to them. Which having done, and every one &s;uppo&s;ing that the De&s;ires of the Officers were conformable to their own, <HI>Crom|wel</HI>'s Party concluding that no part of the Army dur&s;t appear for the cro&s;&s;ing his De&s;ign, it was generally agreed that they &s;hould be called in, and have leave to pre&s;ent it with their own hands. Lieutenant Colonel <HI>Ma&s;on</HI> was cho&s;en by the re&s;t of the Officers to deliver the Petiti|on, which when he had done, and the Officers withdrawn, it was read. The Contents of it were to this purpo&s;e: <HI>That they had hazarded their Lives against. Monarchy, and were &s;till ready &s;o to do, in Defence of the Liberties of the Nation: That having ob&s;erved in &s;ome Men great Endeavours to bring the Nation again under their old Servitude, by pre&s;&s;ing their General to take up|on</HI>
<PB N="590" REF="302"> <HI>him the Title and Government of a King, in order to de&s;troy him, and weaken the Hands of tho&s;e who were faithful to the Publick; they there|fore humbly de&s;ired that they would di&s;countenance all &s;uch Per&s;ons and Endeavours, and continue &s;tedfa&s;t to the Old Cau&s;e, for the Pre&s;ervation of which they for their parts were mo&s;t ready to lay down their lives.</HI> This Petition was &s;ub&s;cribed by two Colonels, &s;even Lieutenant Colonels, eight Majors, and &s;ixteen Captains, who with &s;uch Officers in the Hou&s;e as were of the &s;ame Opi|nion, made up the Majority of tho&s;e relating to that part of the Army which was then quar|tered about the Town. It's difficult to deter|mine whether the Hou&s;e or <HI>Cromwel</HI> was more &s;urprized at this unexpected Addre&s;s; but cer|tainly both were infinitely di&s;turbed at it. As &s;oon as the notice of it was brought to <HI>Crom|wel,</HI> he &s;ent for Lieutenant General <HI>Fleetwood,</HI> and told him, that he wondred he would &s;uf|fer &s;uch a Petition to proceed &s;o far, which he might have hindred, &s;ince he knew it to be his Re&s;olution not to accept the Crown without the Con&s;ent of the Army; and therefore de&s;i|red him to ha&s;ten to the Hou&s;e, and to put them off from doing any thing farther therein. The Lieutenant General immediately went thither, and told them that the Petition ought not to be debated, much le&s;s to be an&s;wered at this time, the Contents of it being to de&s;ire them not to pre&s;s the Protector to be King, whereas the pre|&s;ent Bu&s;ine&s;s was to receive his An&s;wer to what
<PB N="591" REF="302"> had been formerly offered to him, and therefore de&s;ired that the Debate of it might be put off, till they had received his An&s;wer. To this the Hou&s;e having con&s;ented, they received a Me&s;|&s;age from <HI>Cromwel,</HI> that in&s;tead of meeting him in the Painted Chamber, which was the place where he u&s;ed to give his Con&s;ent, they would meet him in the Banquetting-Hou&s;e: So the Members came to <HI>Whitehall,</HI> and <HI>Cromwel</HI> with great O&s;tentation of his Self-denial refu&s;ed the Title of King.</P>
<P>The Grand De&s;ign of the U&s;urper having mi&s;carried, the People were full of Expecta|tion to &s;ee what Form of Government the Men of the Sword would erect next. For as <HI>Cromwel</HI> had u&s;ed all imaginable Art and In|du&s;try to throw Dirt on all that had preceded, and mo&s;t of all on the In&s;trument of Govern|ment, which he was once &s;o fond of, and yet now alledged that it neither provided for the Safety of the Governours or Governed: So the pre&s;ent A&s;&s;embly had openly declared a|gain&s;t the Family of the <HI>Stuarts.</HI> But the Re&s;ti|tution of the Commonwealth being the thing that was principally dreaded by the&s;e &s;elf-in|tere&s;ted Men, it was &s;o contrived and carried, that the Hou&s;e &s;hall pre&s;ent their humble Pe|tition and Advice to him again, with the &s;ole Alteration of the Word <HI>King</HI> into that of <HI>Pro|tector.</HI> This Re&s;olution was the more ea&s;ily obtained, becau&s;e the Commonwealth's Men had been, under various frivolous Pretences de|nied
<PB N="592" REF="303"> their Places in the A&s;&s;embly; &s;o that tho&s;e only, who were for a Protector with an Army, or tho&s;e who were for King <HI>Oliver</HI> with an Army, were the Per&s;ons that were permitted to di&s;pute within tho&s;e Walls. And now <HI>Crom|wel</HI> having manife&s;ted his Weakne&s;s, as well as his Ambition in the late Intrigue, was glad to take what he could get, and without any di&s;pute agreed to what was propo&s;ed to him by the A&s;&s;embly: Which being done, the time was appointed for ve&s;ting him with the Authority which was to be conferred upon him, and <HI>We&s;t|min&s;ter</HI>-Hall was the place where the Solemni|ty was performed. The Aldermen of <HI>London</HI> and the Judges, rather moved by Fear than Affection, were prevailed to be pre&s;ent; and Sir <HI>Thomas Widdrington,</HI> who was Speaker of the A&s;&s;embly, was ordered to admini&s;ter an Oath to him, and to pre&s;ent him with a Sword, a Scepter, and a Bible. The pretended Pro|tector was cloathed with a purple Robe lined with Ermins, the Train of which was held by the Son of the Lord <HI>Roberts.</HI> Of all the Nobility the Earl of <HI>Warwick</HI> was the only per&s;on that accompanied him; and becau&s;e he would &s;till retain a Form of Godline&s;s, he ap|pointed Mr. <HI>Lockyer</HI> to preach before him at his return to <HI>Whitehall.</HI> The next Day after this Solemnity, a Fea&s;t was prepared for the A&s;&s;em|bly and Officers of the Army, at which it was ob&s;erved Major General <HI>Lambert</HI> was not pre|&s;ent, whereby it was &s;u&s;pected that he was
<PB N="593" REF="303"> declining in favour for ob&s;tructing <HI>Cromwel</HI>'s De&s;ign of being King: For as I have been in|formed by a Per&s;on de&s;erving Credit, the Ma|jor General did take the Liberty, when that Que&s;tion was on foot, to tell <HI>Cromwel,</HI> that if he accepted the Crown, he could not a&s;&s;ure the Army to him.</P>
<P>By the <HI>Humble Petition and Advice,</HI> for &s;o was this new In&s;trument called, among o|ther things it was provided, that an Oath &s;hould be taken by tho&s;e of the A&s;&s;embly and Council, not to do any thing again&s;t the pre&s;ent Government, and to be true and faithful to the Protector, according to the Law of the Land. This Oath Major General <HI>Lambert</HI> refu&s;ed, whereupon <HI>Cromwel</HI> &s;ent for him, and told him that he was well a&s;&s;ured his Refu&s;al proceeded not on account of this new Authority; for he might remember that he him&s;elf did at the fir&s;t pre&s;s him to accept the Title of King: And therefore if he was now di&s;&s;atisfied with the pre&s;ent Po&s;ture of Affairs, he de&s;ired him to &s;urrender his Commi&s;&s;ion. To this the Major General an&s;wered, that having no &s;u&s;picion that it would then be demanded of him, he had not brought it, but if he plea&s;ed to &s;end for it, he &s;hould deliver it, which two or three days after was done; and &s;o his Pay as Colo|nel of a Regiment of Hor&s;e, as Colonel of a Re|giment of Foot, and as Major General of the Army, was &s;truck off, together with ten Pounds by day, which was the General's Pay,
<PB N="594" REF="304"> and which <HI>Cromwel</HI> allowed him, to keep him firm to his Intere&s;t. But <HI>Cromwel</HI> did not think it &s;afe to di&s;gu&s;t him intirely, and therefore thought it expedient to allow him a Pen&s;ion of two thou&s;and Pounds by Year, to keep him from any de&s;perate Undertaking.</P>
<P>Sir <HI>Henry Vane</HI> being &s;till a Pri&s;oner in <HI>Carif|brook</HI> Ca&s;tle, an Order was &s;ent thither from the Council to bring him from thence, and to permit him to enjoy his Liberty, which was done, and he arrived at <HI>London</HI> in a &s;hort time after, where he met with another kind of Per|&s;ecution: For <HI>Cromwel</HI> perceiving that the for|mer Method had proved un&s;ucce&s;sful, private|ly incouraged &s;ome of the Army to take po&s;|&s;e&s;&s;ion of certain Fore&s;t Walks belonging to Sir <HI>Henry Vane</HI> near the Ca&s;tle of <HI>Raby,</HI> and al&s;o gave Order to the Attorney General, on pre|tence of a Flaw in his Title to a great part of his E&s;tate, to pre&s;ent a Bill again&s;t him in the Exchequer. This was de&s;igned to oblige him to expo&s;e his Title, which if they could get done, they doubted not, by the Craft of the Lawyers, to find &s;ome defect in it, whereby it was hoped he would be forced into a Compli|ance; yet at the &s;ame time he was privately informed that he &s;hould be freed from this, or any other Inqui&s;ition, and that he &s;hould have what&s;oever el&s;e he would de&s;ire, in ca&s;e he would comply with the pre&s;ent Authority.</P>
<P>The A&s;&s;embly having provided Supplies for the Army, and referred other things to the
<PB N="595" REF="304"> Conduct of <HI>Cromwel,</HI> adjourned them&s;elves for &s;ome Months, during which time <HI>Cromwel</HI> endeavoured to make up a Collection of Men of all Intere&s;ts to fill that which was called the Other Hou&s;e. The principal part of them were &s;uch as had procured their pre&s;ent Po&s;&s;e&s;|&s;ions by their Wits, and were re&s;olved to en|large them by &s;elling their Con&s;ciences for the purcha&s;e of his Favour. With the&s;e were joined &s;ome of the Antient Nobility, together with &s;ome of the Gentry, who had con&s;iderable E&s;tates derived to them from their Ance&s;tors; &s;uch were Mr. <HI>Pierpoint,</HI> Mr. <HI>Alexander Pop|ham,</HI> Sir <HI>Richard On&s;low,</HI> Thomas <HI>Honywood,</HI> Mr. <HI>Edmund Thomas,</HI> Sir <HI>Gilbert Gerrard,</HI> and others. He &s;ent al&s;o a Summons, in the form of the Ancient Writ directed by the Kings of <HI>England</HI> to &s;uch as they called to the Lords Hou&s;e, to Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;terig,</HI> who had al|ways appeared a zealous A&s;&s;ertor of the Pub|lick Liberty. Sir <HI>Arthur</HI> having received the Summons from the Me&s;&s;enger, who brought it to him into the Country, di&s;mi&s;&s;ed him, without declaring his Re&s;olutions concerning it. Mr. <HI>William Lenthal,</HI> who had been Speak|er of the Parliament, was very much di&s;turbed that a Writ was not &s;ent to him to enable him to &s;it in the other Hou&s;e. He complained, that he who had been for &s;ome Years the fir&s;t Man of the Nation, was now denied to be a Mem|ber of either Hou&s;e of Parliament; for he was uncapable of &s;itting in the Hou&s;e of Commons
<PB N="596" REF="305"> by his Place as Ma&s;ter of the Rolls, whereby he was obliged to &s;it as A&s;&s;i&s;tant in the Other Hou&s;e. This grievous Complaint coming to the Ears of <HI>Cromwel,</HI> he &s;ent him a Writ, which &s;o elevated the poor Man, that riding in his Coach through the <HI>Strand,</HI> and &s;eeing Mr. <HI>Lam|bert Osbal&s;ton,</HI> formerly Ma&s;ter of the School at <HI>We&s;tmin&s;ter,</HI> whom he knew to be a great Lo|ver of Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig,</HI> he aked him what Sir <HI>Arthur</HI> de&s;igned to do in an&s;wer to the Writ which he had received? and Mr. <HI>Osbal&s;ton</HI> an&s;wering that he knew not what the Inten|tions of Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig</HI> were concerning it; he replied, I pray write to him, and de&s;ire him by no means to omit taking his Place in that Hou&s;e, and a&s;&s;ure him from me that all that do &s;o, &s;hall them&s;elves and their Heirs be for ever Peers of <HI>England.</HI></P>
<P>The time for the meeting of the&s;e venerable A&s;&s;emblies being come, none of the antient Nobility, except the Lord <HI>Eure,</HI> adventured to come into the Other Hou&s;e. The Earl of <HI>Warwick</HI> him&s;elf, tho'he ventured to Marry his Grand&s;on to one of <HI>Cromwel</HI>'s Daughters, would not be per&s;waded to &s;it with Col. <HI>Hew|&s;on</HI> and Col. <HI>Pride,</HI> whereof the one had been a Shoomaker, and the other a Drayman; and had they driven no wor&s;e Trade, I know not why any good Man &s;hould refu&s;e to act with them. Divers of the Gentry did not appear, yet others, and particularly &s;uch as were rela|ted to tho&s;e in Power, were prevailed with to be of this A&s;&s;embly.</P>
<PB N="597" REF="305">
<P> The Door of the Hou&s;e of Commons, for &s;o they would have it called, was now opened, and the Guard removed, and every Member admit|ted that took the Oath pre&s;cribed by them be|fore their Adjournment: Mo&s;t of the Members, who had been formerly excluded, took the Oath al&s;o, and were admitted to &s;it in the Hou&s;e, where the Addition of the&s;e la&s;t, together with the Removal of tho&s;e of the Other Hou&s;e, who were for the mo&s;t part taken out of this, made a con&s;iderable Alteration in that Body. Great Expectations were rai&s;ed to &s;ee what Cour&s;e Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig</HI> would take, who being cho&s;en by the People to &s;it in one A&s;&s;em|bly, and by <HI>Cromwel</HI> to &s;it in another, had not yet declared his Intentions in that Matter. He came to <HI>London</HI> as privately as he could, but the Court having notice of his Arrival, &s;ent Col. <HI>Howard</HI> to his Lodgings the next Morning to feel his Pul&s;e; which he, &s;u&s;pecting &s;ome|thing of that Nature, avoided by going early abroad; and coming to the Door of the Hou&s;e of Commons, procured &s;ome of his Friends to give him the Oath; then he took his Place in the Hou&s;e without any di&s;pute, as did al&s;o Mr. <HI>Scot,</HI> with divers others who had been formerly excluded by <HI>Cromwel</HI> and his Council. There they began to call in que&s;tion all that had been done in the former Se&s;&s;ions, ground|ing their Arguments on the Force that was upon that A&s;&s;embly, whereby a great Number of tho&s;e who had as good a Right to it there
<PB N="598" REF="306"> as any others, were peremptorily refu&s;ed to &s;it. Eight or ten Days were &s;pent in the&s;e Debates; and in the mean time &s;ome Petitions were car|rying on, and &s;ub&s;cribed by many thou&s;ands, to be pre&s;ented to tho&s;e who &s;ate in the place where the Parliament of <HI>England</HI> ought to be. <HI>Cromwel</HI> was not a little &s;tartled at the&s;e Pro|ceedings, &s;u&s;pecting that part of the Army, e&s;pecially tho&s;e that were quartered about St. <HI>James</HI>'s, were engaged therein; therefore to prevent that which he feared, and which his Con&s;cience told him he had de&s;erv'd, he took the In&s;pection of the Watch at <HI>Whitehall</HI> for &s;eve|ral Nights &s;ucce&s;&s;ively in his own Per&s;on. And the Alarm from abroad increa&s;ing daily, he re&s;olved upon the Di&s;&s;olution of this A&s;&s;em|bly, intending as &s;oon as they were di&s;mi&s;&s;ed, and the Power devolved upon him again, to curb that Spirit of Liberty that had lately ap|peared, and to remove &s;uch Officers from their Commands in the Army, whom he &s;u&s;pected to have had any hand in their late Coun&s;els. Whil&s;t he was deliberating about the be&s;t means of effecting this De&s;ign, fre&s;h Informa|tion was brought him concerning the Diligence of his Adver&s;aries in all Parts; which quickened him to that degree, that he would not &s;tay for one of his own Coaches, but taking the fir&s;t that was at hand, with &s;uch Guards as he could pre&s;ently get together, he hurried to the Other Hou&s;e. Whither being come, he imparted his Intentions to di&s;&s;olve that A&s;&s;embly to Lieut.
<PB N="599" REF="306"> General <HI>Fleetwood;</HI> who earnea&s;tly endeavour|ing to di&s;&s;wade him from it, he clapped his Hand upon his Brea&s;t, and &s;wore by the Living God he would do it. Then he &s;ent for the Judges, and they being come, di&s;patched a|nother Me&s;&s;age to the A&s;&s;embly to attend him pre&s;ently. Many of them declined to come, and tho&s;e that appeared were very ill treated by him for ob&s;tructing that Work, which he &s;aid was &s;o well begun, in order to the Settle|ment of the Nation. On the other hand, he a&s;&s;ured tho&s;e whom he had called to his Other Hou&s;e, that notwith&s;tanding all the Practices that had been u&s;ed again&s;t them, they &s;hould continue to be Lords, and &s;o di&s;mi&s;&s;ed both the A&s;&s;emblies to follow their own private Af|fairs.</P>
<P><HI>Cromwel</HI> having thus re&s;umed the Power into his own Hands, made u&s;e of it to remove from the Army &s;uch as he &s;u&s;pected to have ob&s;truct|ed his De&s;ign; and beginning with his own Regiment of Hor&s;e, he &s;ent for Col. <HI>Packer,</HI> who was the Major, and Capt. <HI>Gladman,</HI> who commanded his own Troop, with the re&s;t of the Captains of that Regiment to attend him: Whither being come, he demanded of them if they were willing to promi&s;e Fidelity to the pre&s;ent Government, and to fight again&s;t tho&s;e that &s;hould oppo&s;e it. They an&s;wered they were ready to fight again&s;t <HI>Charles Stuart,</HI> and that Intere&s;t; but they could not engage
<PB N="600" REF="307"> again&s;t they knew not whom, and for they knew not what. But he provoked with this An&s;wer, di&s;mi&s;&s;ed them from their Com|mands, and placed Men that would obey without re&s;erve in their room. By this and other means he lo&s;t the Affections of great numbers of Men, that would have been u&s;eful and faithful to him again&s;t the Fami|ly of the late King. And it being well known that he could not &s;ub&s;i&s;t at all without at lea&s;t a Mock-Parliament, Mr. <HI>Henry Nevil,</HI> a hear|ty A&s;&s;ertor of the Commonwealth Intere&s;t, ha|ving been much injured by the Sheriff of <HI>Bark|&s;hire</HI> in the la&s;t Return for that County, com|menced a Suit again&s;t the &s;aid Sheriff, in order to deter others from the like foul Practices for the future: But not being willing &s;o far to ac|knowledge the pre&s;ent Authority, as to prefer his Action upon the In&s;trument of Government, he was advi&s;ed by Serjeant <HI>Maynard,</HI> Mr. <HI>Al|len</HI> of <HI>Grays-Inn,</HI> and &s;ome others, to bring his Action of the Ca&s;e again&s;t the Sheriff. On the day of Tryal Mr. <HI>Nevil</HI> de&s;ired Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;terig,</HI> Sir <HI>James Harrington,</HI> Mr. <HI>Scot,</HI> my &s;elf, and &s;ome other Members of the Long Parliament, to be pre&s;ent in the Court; where after all the Objections made by the Sheriff's Coun&s;el again&s;t the Delaration it &s;elf, and a|gain&s;t the Damages pretended by him for not being returned, were over-ruled by the Court, they proceeded to hear the Witne&s;&s;es on both
<PB N="601" REF="307"> &s;ides; which being done, the Chief Ju&s;tice <HI>St. Johns</HI> declared to the Jury how heinous a Crime it was for a Sheriff, who being but a Servant to the Country, &s;hould pre&s;ume to impo&s;e upon them &s;uch Members as he plea&s;ed to &s;erve in Parliament, which was the Bul|wark of the Peoples Liberties; adding farther, that if &s;uch Practices &s;hould be allowed, the People would be out of hope to be relieved from their Grievances. Then the Jury retired, and having con&s;idered the Depo&s;itions of the Witne&s;&s;es, and al&s;o what was &s;aid to them by the Chief Ju&s;tice, they returned into Court, and found the Sheriff guilty of the Charge, and adjudged him to pay 1500 <HI>l.</HI> for Damages to Mr. <HI>Nevil,</HI> and one hundred Pounds to the Commonwealth. This Verdict was very grateful to tho&s;e who wi&s;hed well to the Pub|lick, not only on the account of Mr. <HI>Nevil,</HI> who had entred into this Conte&s;t to vindicate his Country from Oppre&s;&s;ion; but becau&s;e it was hoped it would prove a means to deter other Sheriffs from doing the like for the future. But now the Chief Ju&s;tice having, as he thought, &s;ufficiently plea&s;ed the popular Inte|re&s;t by what he had &s;aid concerning the Rights of the People, began to contrive means to gra|tify his Ma&s;ter <HI>Cromwel,</HI> by who&s;e Order the Sheriff had acted; and to this end upon the motion of the Sheriff's Coun&s;el, granted an Ar|re&s;t of Judgment, and appointed a day in the next Term to hear what could be &s;aid on each
<PB N="602" REF="308"> &s;ide. In the mean time the Sheriff, and tho&s;e who had promi&s;ed to &s;upport him, applied them&s;elves to <HI>Cromwel</HI> to interpo&s;e his Autho|rity in this Matter, charging Mr. <HI>Nevil</HI> with many fal&s;e and malicious A&s;per&s;ions, whil&s;t the Sheriff improving the Opportunity, con|veyed away his real and per&s;onal E&s;tate: En|deavours were likewi&s;e u&s;ed to take off Mr. <HI>Nevil,</HI> by compounding the Bu&s;ine&s;s; but he preferring the Advantage of the Common|wealth before his private Intere&s;t, refu&s;ed to hearken to any Overtures, till the Judgment was Recorded for an Example to Po&s;terity, and then declared him&s;elf re&s;olved to deal with the Sheriff as became him.</P>
<P>The &s;tate of Affairs in <HI>Ireland</HI> was little diffe|rent from that of <HI>England,</HI> and the Army there as much di&s;affected to <HI>Cromwel</HI>'s De&s;ign of being King, as tho&s;e of that Profe&s;&s;ion at home; &s;o that Col. <HI>Henry Cromwel</HI> who had before court|ed the Sectarian Party, and &s;hewed much re|&s;pect to Col. <HI>Zanchy,</HI> now began to care&s;s Ma|jor <HI>Markham,</HI> Mr. <HI>Winter,</HI> and others of the Presbyterian Intere&s;t, de&s;iring them to joyn in an Addre&s;s to his Father to &s;tand by and defend him again&s;t his Enemies. To which they an|&s;wered, that if they knew who they were, they could be po&s;itive in their An&s;wer; but being altogether ignorant of the things they were required to engage for, and of the Per|&s;ons they were to engage again&s;t, they could by no means con&s;ent to his Propo&s;al. In the
<PB N="603" REF="308"> mean time <HI>Cromwel</HI> was not unmindful of &s;e|curing the Fleet to his Intere&s;t; and therefore &s;u&s;pecting that General <HI>Blake</HI> was di&s;&s;atisfied with his Proceedings, joined Col. <HI>Montague</HI> who was intirely his Creature, and Col. <HI>Des|borough</HI> in Commi&s;&s;ion with him; the latter only bearing the Name, and managing with other Commi&s;&s;ioners the Maritime Affairs at home. It was ea&s;ily perceived that <HI>Montague</HI> was &s;ent to Sea with <HI>Blake</HI> to gain Experience in tho&s;e Affairs, and to endeavour to get an In|tere&s;t in the Seamen, that the Credit of <HI>Blake</HI> might be the better balanced, or his Per&s;on totally laid a&s;ide: But it plea&s;ed God that this Work was in a &s;hort time done to their Hands, General <HI>Blake</HI> falling &s;ick a little after of a Di&s;|temper, whereby he died. The Lo&s;s of this great Man was lamented by <HI>Cromwel</HI> much in the &s;ame manner as that of the Lord Deputy <HI>Ireton,</HI> and that al&s;o of General <HI>Deane</HI> had been.</P>
<P><HI>Cromwel</HI> having been di&s;appointed, as I for|merly mentioned, in his Endeavours of procu|ring a Civil Authority to countenance his Ar|bitrary Power, made it his Bu&s;ine&s;s &s;o to balance all Intere&s;ts, that they &s;hould not dare to oppo&s;e him, for fear of bringing them&s;elves into a wor&s;e condition than that wherein they were. To this end he gratified &s;uch of the Presbyterian Party as were the mo&s;t complying, and courted divers of the Nobility, particularly the Earl of <HI>Warwick,</HI> who&s;e Grand&s;on was ad|mitted
<PB N="604" REF="309"> to be a Suitor to his younge&s;t Daughter. But becau&s;e that this Alliance was not at all grateful to &s;ome Per&s;ons about him, he con|trived to appear aver&s;e to the Match; and then by the Management of Sir <HI>Edward Sydenham</HI> it was brought about that the young Couple were married without the knowledge of their Parents: for which Contrivance Sir <HI>Edward</HI> was for a time forbidden the Court.</P>
<P>Notwith&s;tanding the&s;e and many other Ar|tifices u&s;ed by him to &s;upport his U&s;urpation, continual De&s;igns were &s;et on foot again&s;t him. Some Fifth-Monarchy-men, to the number of about three hundred, expecting extraordinary A&s;&s;i&s;tance from Heaven, had formed a De&s;ign to dethrone him; but the&s;e he &s;lighted on ac|count of the Smallne&s;s of their Number, and having &s;ome Spies among&s;t them, who gave him Intelligence of all their Mea&s;ures, he &s;uf|fered them to go on till the Night before that wherein they had appointed to Rendezvouz. At which time he &s;ent a Guard of Soldiers, who &s;eized the Principal of them as they were con|&s;ulting about the manner of putting their En|terprize in execution. Their Declarations were al&s;o taken with them, and their Standard which had in it a Lion Couchant with the&s;e words, <HI>Who &s;hall rou&s;e him up?</HI> The&s;e Men being for the mo&s;t part Trade&s;men, were carried Pri&s;o|ners to the Gate-hou&s;e, where they lay long in a mi&s;erable Condition. Soon after this &s;ome Per&s;ons that u&s;ed to meet in <HI>Coleman-&s;treet,</HI> to
<PB N="605" REF="309"> deplore the Apo&s;tacy of the Times, and parti|cularly that of <HI>Whitehall,</HI> were &s;eized by the Lord Mayor's Officers, pur&s;uant to <HI>Cromwel</HI>'s Orders, as they were coming out from their Meeting-place. Among&s;t the&s;e was a Cornet who&s;e Name was <HI>Day,</HI> and who being charged with &s;aying that <HI>Cromwel</HI> was a Rogue and a Traitor, confe&s;&s;ed the Words; and to ju&s;tify him&s;elf &s;aid, that <HI>Cromwel</HI> had affirmed in the pre|&s;ence of him&s;elf and divers other Officers, that if he did oppre&s;s the Con&s;cientious, or betray the Liberties of the People, or not take away Tithes by a certain time, now pa&s;t, they &s;hould then have Liberty to &s;ay he was a Rogue and a Traitor: He moved therefore that he might be permitted to produce his Witne&s;&s;es, who were then pre&s;ent, to the particulars before|mentioned. But the Matter was &s;o ordered, that he and &s;ome others were fined and impri|&s;oned for their pretended Mi&s;demeanours. Ano|ther Plot much more dangerous was about the &s;ame time carried on by the Royali&s;ts, and di&s;|covered to him by his Spies. The Per&s;ons con|cerned in it he u&s;ed with more Severity, be|cau&s;e he accounted them to be of a more formi|dable Party, and therefore referred them to be tried by tho&s;e Per&s;ons whom his la&s;t A&s;&s;embly had nominated to be a High Court of Ju&s;tice. The Pri&s;oners were Dr. <HI>Hewet,</HI> Sir <HI>Henry Sling&s;|by,</HI> and Mr. <HI>Mordaunt,</HI> with &s;ome others of the meaner &s;ort. The general Charge again&s;t them was for endeavouring to levy War again&s;t the
<PB N="606" REF="310"> Government on the behalf of <HI>Charles Stuart.</HI> The particular Charge again&s;t Dr. <HI>Hewet</HI> was for di&s;per&s;ing Commi&s;&s;ions from the Son of the late King, and per&s;wading divers to rai&s;e Forces by virtue of the &s;ame. That again&s;t Sir <HI>Henry Slingsby</HI> was for attempting to debauch &s;ome of the Garri&s;on of <HI>Hull</HI> to the Service of <HI>Charles Stuart,</HI> and delivering a Commi&s;&s;ion from him to them. The Pri&s;oners of le&s;s Note were charged with a De&s;ign of firing the City in &s;e|veral Places, at the time appointed for their Party to be in Arms. Dr. <HI>Hewet</HI> being brought before the Court, moved that he might be tried by a Jury, and demurred to the Juri&s;diction of the Court. But the Court over-ruled his De|murrer, and told him, that unle&s;s he would plead to his Charge, they would cau&s;e his Re|fu&s;al to be entred, and proceed again&s;t him as if the Fact were confe&s;&s;ed. This being twice &s;aid to him, he was required the third time to plead: To which he an&s;wered, that if the Judges would declare it to be according to Law for him to plead, he would obey: but he was told that the Gentlemen then pre&s;ent were his Judges, and that if he would not plead, they would Regi&s;ter his Contempt the third time, and upon his Refu&s;al did &s;o. Mr. <HI>Mordaunt</HI> admoni&s;hed by his Example, pleaded not guilty; and after a full hearing of the Witne&s;&s;es on both &s;ides, the Court acquitted him by one Voice: Then Sir <HI>Henry Slingsby</HI> was called to the Bar, and the Witne&s;&s;es on each &s;ide being heard, he
<PB N="607" REF="310"> was pronounced Guilty, tho' in the Opinion of many Men he had very hard Mea&s;ure. For it appeared that he was a Pri&s;oner at the time when he was charged to have practi&s;ed again&s;t the Government; that he was a declared Ene|my, and therefore by the Laws of War free to make any &s;uch Attempt: Be&s;ides it was alledg|ed that the Per&s;ons whom he was accu&s;ed to have endeavoured to corrupt, had trapan'd him by their Promi&s;es to &s;erve the King in de|livering <HI>Hull,</HI> if he would give them a Com|mi&s;&s;ion to act for him, which Commi&s;&s;ion was an old one that had long lain by him. But all this being not thought &s;ufficient to excu&s;e him, he was adjudged to die. The re&s;t of the Pri|&s;oners were al&s;o condemned, and Sentence of Death being pronounced, Sir <HI>Henry Slingsby</HI> and Dr. <HI>Hewet</HI> had the Favour of being be|headed; and the others, being Men of a le&s;&s;er Figure, were hanged. <HI>Cromwel</HI>'s Daughter and Favourite Mrs. <HI>Cleypole,</HI> laboured earne&s;tly with her Father to &s;ave the Life of Dr. <HI>Hewet,</HI> but without &s;ucce&s;s: which Denial &s;o afflicted her, that it was reported to have been one cau&s;e of her Death, which happened &s;oon after with the concurrence of an Ulcer in her Womb.</P>
<P>The U&s;urper, as he was thus prodigal of <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Blood, &s;o was he no le&s;s profu&s;e of the Publick Trea&s;ure, in procuring Intelligence from the Royal Party abroad. To which end he employed one <HI>Henry Manning,</HI> Son to one Col. <HI>Richard Manning</HI> a Papi&s;t, and formerly a
<PB N="608" REF="311"> Colonel in the late King's Army, where he lo&s;t his Life. This Gentleman he furni&s;hed with a con&s;iderable Sum of Money, and &s;ent him to the place where the Son of the late King then re&s;ided: where when he arrived, he informed the Exiles, that he was &s;ent thither from &s;ome Friends in <HI>England,</HI> that de&s;ired to have their Names concealed. But having with him &s;uch good Credentials as ready Money, part where|of he gave to <HI>Charles Stuart,</HI> and di&s;tributed &s;everal le&s;&s;er Sums to his nece&s;&s;itous Followers, he was ea&s;ily admitted among&s;t them. It hap|ned at that time, that a Gentleman who had &s;erved the late King, de&s;ired leave from <HI>Crom|wel</HI> to travel, which he obtained on condition he &s;hould not &s;ee the King, which he promi&s;ed. Accordingly when he arrived at <HI>Colen,</HI> if I mi&s;take not, that was the place, he &s;ent a Me&s;|&s;age to the King, that he might be permitted to wait on him at night, which was granted; and having di&s;cour&s;ed fully concerning the Af|fairs he came about, he took leave, and receiv|ed a Letter which he &s;ewed within the Crown of his Hat. Upon his return to <HI>England</HI> he came with Confidence to <HI>Cromwel,</HI> and being demanded by him if he had punctually per|formed his Promi&s;e? He an&s;wered, that he had. But &s;aid <HI>Cromwel,</HI> Who was it that put out the Candles when you &s;poke to <HI>Charles Stuart?</HI> This unexpected Que&s;tion &s;omewhat &s;tartled him; but <HI>Cromwel</HI> proceeding, asked him, What he &s;aid to him? To which the Gentleman
<PB N="609" REF="311"> an&s;wered, that he &s;aid nothing at all to him. Then &s;aid <HI>Cromwel,</HI> did he not &s;end a Letter by you? The Gentleman denying that al&s;o, <HI>Crom|wel</HI> took his Hat, and having found the Letter, he &s;ent him immediately to the Tower. From thence he took the fir&s;t favourable Occa&s;ion to acquaint <HI>Charles Stuart</HI> with all that had hap|ned to him relating to this Affair, a&s;&s;uring him, that one of the three Per&s;ons who were in the Room with him at the time above-mentioned, mu&s;t nece&s;&s;arily have betrayed him. Upon this Information <HI>Manning</HI>'s Study was &s;earched, and his Corre&s;pondence being di&s;covered, leave was obtained from the Duke of <HI>Neuburg</HI> to execute him within his Territories, and accord|ingly he was &s;hot to Death. But tho' <HI>Manning</HI>'s Action was ba&s;e and perfidious, as proceeding from a dome&s;tick Servant, yet by what Law he was executed I confe&s;s my &s;elf utterly igno|rant.</P>
<P>After the Death of Mrs. <HI>Cleypole</HI> it was ob|&s;erved that <HI>Cromwel</HI> grew melancholy, and al&s;o di&s;tempered with divers Infirmities, particular|ly a malignant Humour in his Foot; which hin|dring him from the Exerci&s;es of walking or riding abroad, he obliged his Phy&s;icians to en|deavour to di&s;per&s;e it, which they endeavour|ing to do, drove it upwards to his Heart. By this means he became de&s;perately &s;ick; and as &s;ome about him had for a long time deceived others, &s;o they now endeavoured to impo&s;e up|on God him&s;elf. For Dr. <HI>Goodwin,</HI> his Crea|ture
<PB N="610" REF="312"> and Trencher-Chaplain, u&s;ed this Expre&s;&s;i|on in his Prayer during the time of his Sick|ne&s;s; <HI>Lord, we beg not for his Recovery, for that thou ha&s;t already granted, and a&s;&s;ured us of, but for his &s;peedy Recovery.</HI> At this time I was in the County of <HI>E&s;&s;ex,</HI> and according to a former Re&s;olution I had taken, went to <HI>London</HI> to attend my Father <HI>Old&s;worth,</HI> and to bring him into the Country, whether he de&s;igned to come with my Mother <HI>Ludlow.</HI> On the Monday Afternoon I &s;et forward on my Journey, the Morning proving &s;o tempe&s;tuous that the Hor&s;es were not able to draw again&s;t it; &s;o that I could reach no farther than <HI>Epping</HI> that Night. By this means I arrived not at <HI>We&s;t|min&s;ter</HI> till Tue&s;day about Noon, when pa&s;&s;ing by <HI>Whitehall,</HI> notice was immediately given to <HI>Cromwel,</HI> that I was come to Town. Where|upon he &s;ent for Lieutenant General <HI>Fleetwood,</HI> and ordered him to enquire concerning the Rea|&s;ons of my coming in &s;uch ha&s;te, and at &s;uch a time. The Lieutenant General accordingly de|&s;ired by a Me&s;&s;age that I would come to him the next Morning, which I did, and under|&s;tood from him that <HI>Cromwel</HI> &s;u&s;pected I was come with a De&s;ign to rai&s;e &s;ome Di&s;turbance in the Army, and that he was de&s;irous to know the occa&s;ion of my Journey. I a&s;&s;ured him, that as it was not in my Power to cau&s;e any Commotion in the Army, &s;o neither was it in my Thoughts at this time; and that I came to Town in order to bring our Family together in|to
<PB N="611" REF="312"> the Country, according to a Re&s;olution taken a Month &s;ince, and before I heard of <HI>Cromwel's</HI> Indi&s;po&s;ition. He then told me, that the Pro|tector had been ill, but that it was now hoped he was recovering. I &s;aid, that I wi&s;hed him &s;o well, that I was not de&s;irous he &s;hould die in the way he was in at pre&s;ent, and a&s;&s;ured him, that I &s;hould be glad of the Prolongation of his Life, if he would employ it to the Pub|lick Good, which ought to be more dear to us than Life it &s;elf.</P>
<P>At <HI>Whitehall</HI> they were unwilling to have it known that he was &s;o dangerou&s;ly ill; yet by rea&s;on of a Clau&s;e in the <HI>humble Petition and Advice</HI> (which was the Rule of Government they pretended to act by) that the Protector &s;hould have Power to nominate his Succe&s;&s;or, the Commi&s;&s;ioners of the Great Seal attended for &s;igning the Declaration of the Per&s;on to be appointed to &s;ucceed him. But whether he was unwilling to di&s;cover his Intentions to leave the Succe&s;&s;ion to his Son, le&s;t thereby he &s;hould, in ca&s;e of recovery, di&s;oblige others, whom he had put in expectation of that Pow|er; or whether he was &s;o di&s;compo&s;ed in Body and Mind, that he could not attend that Mat|ter; or la&s;tly, whether he would have named or did name any other, is to me uncertain. But certain it is that the Commi&s;&s;ioners were not admitted till the Friday following, when the Symptoms of Death were apparent upon him, and many Mini&s;ters and others a&s;&s;embled in a
<PB N="612" REF="313"> Chamber at <HI>Whitehall,</HI> praying for him, whil&s;t he manife&s;ted &s;o little Remor&s;e of Con&s;cience for his betraying the Publick Cau&s;e, and &s;acri|ficing it to the Idol of his own Ambition, that &s;ome of his la&s;t Words were rather becoming a Mediator than a Sinner, recommending to God the Condition of the Nation that he had &s;o infamou&s;ly cheated, and expre&s;&s;ing a great Care of the People whom he had &s;o manife&s;tly de|&s;pi&s;ed. But he &s;eemed above all concerned for the Reproaches he &s;aid Men would ca&s;t upon his Name, in trampling on his A&s;hes when dead. In this Temper of Mind he departed this Life about two in the Afternoon; and the News of his Death being brought to tho&s;e who were met together to pray for him, Mr. <HI>Sterry</HI> &s;tood up and de&s;ired them not to be trou|bled. For, &s;aid he, this is good News; be|cau&s;e if he was of great U&s;e to the People of God when he was among&s;t us, now he will be much more &s;o, being a&s;cended to Heaven to &s;it at the right hand of Je&s;us Chri&s;t, there to intercede for us, and to be mindful of us on all occa&s;ions.</P>
<P>Different were the Effects that the Death of <HI>Cromwel</HI> produced in the Nation: Tho&s;e Men who had been Sharers with him in the U&s;urped Authority were exceedingly troubled, whil&s;t all other Parties rejoiced at it; each of them hoping that this Alteration would prove advan|tagious to their Affairs. The Commonwealths|men were &s;o charitable to believe that the Sol|diery
<PB N="613" REF="313"> being delivered from their Servitude to the General, to which they were willing to at|tribute their former Compliances, would now open their Eyes and join with them, as the on|ly means left to pre&s;erve them&s;elves and the People. Neither were the Cavaliers without great hopes that new Divi&s;ions might ari&s;e, and give them an Opportunity of advancing their Minion, who had been long endeavouring to unite all the corrupt Intere&s;ts of the Nation to his Party. But neither the Sen&s;e of their Duty, nor the Care of their own Safety, nor the ju&s;t Apprehen&s;ions of being overcome by their irreconcilable Enemy, could prevail with the Army to return to their proper Station. So that having ta&s;ted of Sovereignty under the &s;ha|dow of their late Ma&s;ter, they re&s;olved again&s;t the Re&s;titution of the Parliament. And in or|der to this it was agreed to proclaim <HI>Richard Cromwel,</HI> elde&s;t Son to <HI>Oliver,</HI> Protector of the Commonwealth, in hopes that he, who by fol|lowing his Plea&s;ures had rendred him&s;elf unfit for Publick Bu&s;ine&s;s, would not fail to place the Admini&s;tration of the Government in the hands of tho&s;e who were mo&s;t powerful in the Army. Accordingly the Proclamation was publi&s;hed in <HI>We&s;tmin&s;ter,</HI> at <HI>Temple-Bar,</HI> and at the <HI>Old Exchange,</HI> with as few Expre&s;&s;ions of Joy as had ever been ob&s;erved on the like occa|&s;ion. This being done, the Council i&s;&s;ued out Orders to the Officers of Civil Ju&s;tice to act by virtue of their old Commi&s;&s;ions till new ones
<PB N="614" REF="314"> could be &s;ent to them: And that nothing might be omitted to fortifie the new Government, va|rious means were u&s;ed to procure Addre&s;&s;es from all Parts, which were brought in great Numbers from the &s;everal Counties of <HI>Eng|land, Scotland</HI> and <HI>Ireland,</HI> as al&s;o from divers Regiments of the Army. One of the fir&s;t Acts of the new Government was, to order the Fu|neral of the late U&s;urper: and the Council hav|ing re&s;olved that it &s;hould be very magnificent, the Care of it was referred to a Committee of them, who &s;ending for Mr. <HI>Kinner&s;ly</HI> Ma&s;ter of the Wardrobe, de&s;ired him to find out &s;ome Precedent by which they might govern them|&s;elves in this important Affair. After examina|tion of his Books and Papers, Mr. <HI>Kinner&s;ly,</HI> who was &s;u&s;pected to be inclined to Popery, recommended to them the Solemnities u&s;ed up|on the like occa&s;ion for <HI>Philip</HI> the Second, King of <HI>Spain,</HI> who had been repre&s;ented to be in Purgatory for about two Months. In the like manner was the Body of this great Reformer laid in <HI>Somer&s;et-hou&s;e:</HI> The Apartment was hung with Black, the Day-light was excluded, and no other but that of Wax-Tapers to be &s;een. This Scene of Purgatory continned till the fir&s;t of <HI>November,</HI> which being the day preceding that commonly called <HI>all Souls,</HI> he was removed into the great Hall of the &s;aid Hou&s;e, and repre&s;ented <HI>in Effigie,</HI> &s;tanding on a Bed of Crim&s;on Velvet covered with a Gown of the like coloured Velvet, a Scepter in his
<PB N="615" REF="314"> Hand, and a Crown on his Head. That part of the Hall wherein the Bed &s;tood was railed in, and the Rails and Ground within them co|vered with Crim&s;on Velvet. Four or five hun|dred Candles &s;et in flat &s;hining Candle&s;ticks were &s;o placed round near the Roof of the Hall, that the Light they gave &s;eemed like the Rays of the Sun: By all which he was repre&s;ented to be now in a State of Glory. This Folly and Profu&s;ion &s;o far provoked the People, that they threw Dirt in the night on his E&s;cucheon that was placed over the great Gate of <HI>Somer&s;et|hou&s;e.</HI> I purpo&s;ely omit the re&s;t of the Pagean|try, the great Number of Per&s;ons that attend|ed on the Body, the Proce&s;&s;ion to <HI>We&s;tmin&s;ter,</HI> the va&s;t Expence in Mourning, the State and Magnificence of the Monument erected for him, with many other things that I care not to re|member.</P>
<P>The Nece&s;&s;ities of the Government daily in|crea&s;ing, it was thought expedient to call a Par|liament, as they termed it. Whereupon the Council being &s;ummoned, three Que&s;tions were debated among them.</P>
<P>1<HI>&s;t.</HI> Whether the Elections &s;hould be made by the Counties, Cities, and con&s;iderable Towns, according to the Di&s;tribution agreed on by the Long Parliament, and practi&s;ed by <HI>Cromwel</HI> in his time; or whether they &s;hould be made by the Counties, Cities, and Boroughs, according to the ancient L<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters"> of the Land.</P>
<PB N="616" REF="315">
<P> The 2<HI>d</HI> was concerning the thirty Members to &s;erve for <HI>Ireland,</HI> and thirty for <HI>Scotland;</HI> whether, or how, they &s;hould be cho&s;en, there having been as yet no Di&s;tribution of Powers to elect, as it was ordered there &s;hould be in the humble Petition and Advice.</P>
<P>The 3<HI>d</HI> was touching the Writs of Summons to be i&s;&s;ued to tho&s;e of the Other Hou&s;e.</P>
<P>For the fir&s;t, the Council learned in the Art and My&s;tery of the Law, advi&s;ed, That &s;ee|ing there was a Clau&s;e in the <HI>Petition and Ad|vice,</HI> that all &s;hould be done according to Law, it was the mo&s;t &s;afe way to i&s;&s;ue out the Writs of Election according to the ancient Form; and this Method after &s;ome Debate was re&s;olved upon, principally becau&s;e it was well under|&s;tood that mean and decayed Boroughs might be much more ea&s;ily corrupted than the nume|rous Counties and con&s;iderable Cities. The Motion for proceeding according to Law pre|vailed with them al&s;o in reference to the Writs for Members to &s;erve in the Other Hou&s;e, which were accordingly i&s;&s;ued out in the &s;ame Form with tho&s;e that had been formerly &s;ent to the Peers. The &s;econd Que&s;tion touching the Members for <HI>Scotland</HI> and <HI>Ireland</HI> was long de|bated, the mo&s;t prudent being of opinion, that &s;ince Writs were to go out in the ancient man|ner to elect Members to &s;erve for <HI>England</HI> in Parliament, there could be no pretence for tho&s;e of <HI>Scotland</HI> and <HI>Ireland</HI> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters"> &s;it with them:
<PB N="617" REF="315"> However, the Majority concluded that Mem|bers &s;hould be cho&s;en for <HI>Scotland</HI> and <HI>Ireland,</HI> as had been practi&s;ed in the time of <HI>Cromwel,</HI> with this Provi&s;o, that they &s;hould not be ad|mitted to &s;it as &s;uch, till the Con&s;ent of tho&s;e cho&s;en for <HI>England</HI> were fir&s;t obtained. The time of Election drawing near, the Court u&s;ed their utmo&s;t Endeavours to procure &s;uch Men to be cho&s;en as were their Creatures, and had their Dependencies on them, in which they had no &s;mall Advantages. For be&s;ides the Power of di&s;countenancing and puni&s;hing tho&s;e that were not their Friends, they had all the Pre|ferments as well Military as Civil in their Di&s;|po&s;ition. The Officers of the Admiralty and Navy had a great Influence not only upon the Cinque-Ports, but al&s;o upon all Sea-Towns what&s;oever, and could pre&s;s at their plea&s;ure any Inhabitant to &s;erve at Sea, and thereby ruin both them and their Families. The She|riffs, who generally were Men cho&s;en for &s;uch Purpo&s;es, contributed no little A&s;&s;i&s;tance to their De&s;ign, by di&s;po&s;ing the Writs to whom they plea&s;ed, and making them&s;elves Judges of the Fitne&s;s and due Qualifications of all tho&s;e who &s;hould vote at the &s;everal Elections.</P>
<P>In the mean time divers Per&s;ons who conti|nued un&s;haken in their Zeal and Affection to the Commonwealth, met at the Hou&s;e of Sir <HI>Henry Vane,</HI> where they con&s;ulted what would be mo&s;t proper for them to do in ca&s;e any of them &s;hould be elected to &s;erve in the approach|ing
<PB N="618" REF="316"> A&s;&s;embly: And after mature Deliberation, re&s;olved that if they &s;hould be fairly cho&s;en, and that no unju&s;t or di&s;honourable thing were re|quired of them, they &s;hould accept the Employ|ment, and therein u&s;e the be&s;t of their Endea|vours to &s;erve the Publick, being per&s;waded that it is the Duty of a good Man at all times and in all places, when an Opportunity offers it &s;elf, to be u&s;eful to his Country. Neither did they think that their Pre&s;ence and A&s;&s;i|&s;tance in &s;uch an A&s;&s;embly could by any means be interpreted to be an Acknowledgment that they were a Parliament, in prejudice of the Right of the Long Parliament, which tho' un|der a Force, yet was never legally di&s;&s;olved. In con&s;equence of this Re&s;olution, Sir <HI>Arthur Ha|&s;lerig,</HI> Mr. <HI>Thomas Scot,</HI> Mr. <HI>Weaver,</HI> Colonel <HI>Kendrick,</HI> and divers others of known Affecti|on to the Commonwealth, being cho&s;en to &s;erve, &s;at in the A&s;&s;embly. Pre&s;ident <HI>Brad&s;haw</HI> was returned by the Sheriff for the County of <HI>Che&s;ter;</HI> but &s;ome of that County having re|turned another Per&s;on, he was not pre&s;ent at their fir&s;t Meetings, the A&s;&s;embly having made an Order, That in ca&s;e of a double Return, neither of the Competitors &s;hould &s;it till the Matter &s;hould be heard and decided. Great Endeavours were u&s;ed by the Court to prevent the Election of Sir <HI>Henry Vane;</HI> and tho their Officers refu&s;ed to return him at <HI>Hall</HI> and <HI>Bri|&s;tol,</HI> at both which places it was &s;aid he had the majority, yet at la&s;t he was cho&s;en and return|ed
<PB N="619" REF="316"> for the Borough of <HI>Whitchurch</HI> in the Coun|ty of <HI>Southampton.</HI> The people of this place were advi&s;ed to this Choice by Mr. <HI>Robert Wal|lop;</HI> at which the Court Faction were &s;o enra|ged, that they had &s;ent a menacing Letter to him, which was &s;ub&s;eribed by mo&s;t Ju&s;tices of the Peace for the County, to let him know, that they would oppo&s;e his Election for the Shire, if he per&s;i&s;ted to recommend Sir <HI>Henry Vane</HI> to the Choice of the People. But Mr. <HI>Wallop</HI> de|&s;pi&s;ing their Threatnings. continued to a&s;&s;i&s;t Sir <HI>Henry Vane,</HI> and was cho&s;en for the County in de&s;pite of them.</P>
<P>Tho&s;e that governed at <HI>Whitehall,</HI> had or|dered an Oath to be admini&s;tred to all &s;uch as &s;hould be admitted to &s;it in the Hou&s;e, where|by the Members were to oblige them&s;elves not to act or contrive any thing again&s;t the Pro|tector. This Oath I was unwilling to take, and therefore declined going into the A&s;&s;em|bly; but being one day walking in <HI>We&s;tmin&s;ter-</HI>Hall, and meeting Sir <HI>Walter St. Johns,</HI> who was one of the Per&s;ons appointed to admini&s;ter the Oath, he asked me why I came not to the Hou&s;e? I told him, that tho' I had heard di|vers Arguments for taking the Oath, yet my Doubts not being fully &s;atisfied by them, I had hitherto ab&s;tained. Whereupon he de&s;ired me to meet him in the Lobby the next Morning, promi&s;ing to carry me in with him, which, &s;aid he, will create a Belief in the Hou&s;e that I have given you the Oath. Accordingly I attended,
<PB N="620" REF="317"> but not finding Sir <HI>Walter</HI> there, I went in, and the Hou&s;e being at Prayers, I &s;tood among&s;t the re&s;t of the Members till they were ended, and then went up to the Speaker's Chamber, where, and in the Gallery, I &s;at with as much privacy as I could. Thus I continued to do for about a Week, when News was brought, to the great mortification of the Court, that Sir <HI>Henry Vane</HI> was cho&s;en to &s;erve in this A&s;&s;em|bly for the Borough of <HI>Whitchurch,</HI> as was mentioned before. Sir <HI>Henry</HI> being come to Town, and informed that I &s;at in the Hou&s;e, he was plea&s;ed to make me a Vi&s;it, and to en|quire by what means I had procured admi&s;&s;i|on, for he had been acquainted with my Scru|ples touching the Oath. I a&s;&s;ured him, that my Doubts remained &s;till un&s;atisfied; but that I had ventured to go into the A&s;&s;embly, where I &s;ate as yet without any interruption. Within a day or two a Member informed me of an In|tention in &s;ome to complain to the Hou&s;e again&s;t me, for &s;itting among&s;t them without the Qualification of the Oath: To which I an|&s;wered, That it was no more than I expected. And accordingly one of the Members called <HI>Bodurdo,</HI> the &s;ame day pre&s;&s;ed to be heard touching a Matter which, he &s;aid; concerned the very Being of the Hou&s;e; having been in|formed that there &s;at a Per&s;on among&s;t them, who had not taken the Oath required to be admini&s;tred to every Member before his ad|mi&s;&s;ion. He therefore moved the Hou&s;e to en|quire
<PB N="621" REF="317"> into it, and to give order that all Men that &s;at there might be upon an equal foot. This Motion was oppo&s;ed by &s;ome, who alledged that it was of far le&s;s Importance than many other things that were before them. But Mr. <HI>John Trevor,</HI> a leading Man of the Court-Party, &s;econded the former Motion, tho' with much Civility and Re&s;pect, urging that he could not but think it very &s;ea&s;onable, and of Con&s;equence, con&s;idering the Worth, as he was plea&s;ed to &s;ay, of the Per&s;on concerned. So the Debate was entred upon, and divers gave their Opinions that the Oath &s;hould be peremptorily required. But Mr. <HI>Weaver</HI> and &s;ome others oppo&s;ed them, alledging, that for the mo&s;t part Oaths proved only Snares to ho|ne&s;t Men, it being generally ob&s;erved, that tho&s;e who were lea&s;t con&s;cientious in keeping an Oath, were the mo&s;t forward to take it. Col. <HI>Eyres</HI> al&s;o informed the Hou&s;e, that he had &s;at in the Long Parliament without taking the Oath then pre&s;cribed, and that he was fully per&s;waded that my Omi&s;&s;ion therein proceeded not from a Spirit of Oppo&s;ition, but from a real Scruple of Con&s;cience; that his Ca&s;e had formerly been the &s;ame with mine; and tho' no Man could que&s;tion my Affection to that Parliament, yet I had moved the Hou&s;e in his behalf, and was the Per&s;on nominated by them to bring him into the Hou&s;e without taking the Oath. This Debate continuing for two or three hours, was at length interrupted by the
<PB N="622" REF="318"> di&s;covery of a Per&s;on &s;itting in the Hou&s;e, who had not been elected &s;o to do: His Name was <HI>King,</HI> and being called to the Bar, the Hou&s;e demanded of him whether he were a Mem|ber? To which he an&s;wered, that he knew not whether he were or no. For meeting with an Alderman of <HI>London,</HI> who asked him if he were cho&s;en, he demanded of him the Rea&s;on of his Que&s;tion: Whereupon the Alderman &s;aying that he had &s;een the Name of one <HI>King</HI> upon the Li&s;t of Returns, he came down to the Hou&s;e, and had continued &s;o to do, that he might not be wanting in his Duty. This Man being ordered to withdraw, many of the Mem|bers willingly left the Debate, and others did &s;o too from their great Zeal again&s;t him, &s;up|po&s;ing him to be a dangerous Per&s;on, becau&s;e he had been ob&s;erved that Morning in the Speaker's Chamber to approve and promote a Paper which was there delivered, tending to &s;hew the Wickedne&s;s of the De&s;igns that were carrying on by the Court-Faction, and the Ne|ce&s;&s;ity incumbent on the A&s;&s;embly to re&s;tore the Commonwealth. So the Merits of this Per&s;on having been debated al&s;o, and the Hou&s;e being informed by one of the Members &s;erving for the City of <HI>London,</HI> that the Man was di&s;tem|pered in his Head to that degree, that his Rela|tions were often obliged to bind him hand and foot, they contented them&s;elves to &s;end him to <HI>Newgate</HI> for a day or two, and then ordered him to be di&s;charged. By this means the A&s;|&s;embly
<PB N="623" REF="318"> was diverted from re&s;olving to impo&s;e the Oath; and tho' they were much inclined to get rid of my Company, yet partly by finding &s;o great oppo&s;ition, and partly by di&s;covering that there were &s;ome of another Intere&s;t which they liked better, that had not taken it, they were di&s;couraged from re&s;uming that Debate for the future, tho' they did &s;ometimes mention it by way of Reflection, when I moved any thing di&s;plea&s;ing to them.</P>
<P>All Men were in great expectation what the Re&s;olutions of the Hou&s;e would be concerning the Government. The &s;ounder part of them were very de&s;irous to &s;ecure them&s;elves in the two e&s;&s;ential Points which had been the ground of the Quarrel between the King and the Parlia|ment, <HI>viz</HI> the <HI>Militia</HI> and the <HI>Negative Voice,</HI> and to e&s;tabli&s;h them in the Repre&s;entative of the People, before they &s;hould enter upon any other Bu&s;ine&s;s. But whil&s;t the&s;e important Matters were under con&s;ideration, Mr. <HI>Thur|loe,</HI> a Member of the A&s;&s;embly, and Secretary to Mr. <HI>Richard Cromwel,</HI> pre&s;ented them with a Declaration ready drawn, wherein was con|tained an Acknowledgment of the &s;aid <HI>Richard Cromwel</HI> to be Protector, and the <HI>Petition and Advice</HI> to be the Rule of Government for the&s;e Nations. This Action was by impartial Men e&s;teemed to be a great Injury to the A&s;&s;embly; but he had a &s;ufficient Strength among&s;t them to carry him through what&s;oever he thought fit to undertake, and therefore he was not only
<PB N="624" REF="319"> defended for what he had done, but it was re|&s;olved that the Declaration &s;hould be received and debated. Hereupon it was moved that the In&s;trument might be produced, wherein, according to <HI>the Petition and Advice,</HI> the Suc|ce&s;&s;or ought to be nominated, and the Great Seal affixed; but they having no &s;uch thing to &s;hew, over-ruled that Motion. Not being able to obtain this, and being extreamly de&s;irous to place the Militia in the Parliament, and to make void any Pretence to a Negative Voice in a &s;ingle Per&s;on, as well as to do &s;ome other things for the Peoples Safety and Welfare, the Court-Party refu&s;ed to con&s;ent to any thing of that nature for the pre&s;ent, craftily in&s;inuating and making large Promi&s;es, that &s;uch things as were nece&s;&s;ary &s;hould be done hereafter at a more convenient Sea&s;on. In the next place it was de&s;ired, that &s;ince it appeared the pre&s;ent Power had no legal Foundation, and that it would be mo&s;t &s;afe for the Protector to derive his Authority from a right Source, the Words in the Declaration of <HI>Recognizing</HI> him might be altered for <HI>Agnizing</HI> him; that &s;o his Right might appear to be founded upon the Con&s;ent of the People repre&s;ented in this A&s;&s;embly. But this Propo&s;ition, tho' inforced with many weighty Rea&s;ons, was rejected as the former had been, tho' it was thought convenient to di|vide the Hou&s;e upon it. Upon this Succe&s;s the Court pre&s;uming to carry all before them, grew unmea&s;urably in&s;olent, and all that could be
<PB N="625" REF="319"> done was only to lengthen out their Debates, and to hang on the Wheels of the Chariot, that they might not be able to drive &s;o furiou&s;ly. By this means time was gained to infu&s;e good Principles into divers young Gentlemen, who before had never been in any Publick A&s;&s;embly, in hopes that tho' for the pre&s;ent their previous Engagements &s;hould carry them again&s;t us, yet upon more mature Deliberation they might di&s;cover where their true Intere&s;t lay. Neither were our Endeavours without Succe&s;s, for ha|ving frequently held the Hou&s;e nine or ten days in Debate before they could come to a Que&s;tion, many Gentlemen who came to <HI>We&s;tmin&s;ter</HI> pre|po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ed in favour of the Court, confe&s;&s;ed that the Rea&s;ons of the Commonwealth Party were &s;o cogent, that they were not able to re&s;i&s;t them. And becau&s;e all Parties had confederated again&s;t us, we, in order to le&s;&s;en their Num|bers, impeached divers of them for having been of the King's Party, by which means we procured &s;ome of them to be expell'd, and frighted away &s;ome others who knew them|&s;elves to be in the &s;ame Condition. The Court to requite us brought Mr. <HI>Marvin Touchet</HI> a Pa|pi&s;t, and Brother to the Lord of <HI>Ca&s;tlehaven,</HI> to accu&s;e Mr. <HI>Villars,</HI> who had voted with us, of &s;erving in the King's Army; and tho' it ap|peared that he was forced &s;o to do by tho&s;e who had the Government of him, he being then but &s;ixteen Years of Age, and that he came into the Parliament's Quarters as &s;oon as he had an op|portunity,
<PB N="626" REF="320"> yet all that could be &s;aid proving not &s;ufficient to excu&s;e him, he was likewi&s;e voted out from the Hou&s;e. The next thing we endeavoured was to remove the Scoti&s;h and Iri&s;h Members, who had intruded them&s;elves into the Hou&s;e, and to have the Que&s;tion put, <HI>Whether tho&s;e Members cho&s;en by</HI> Scotland <HI>ought by the Law of the Land to &s;it as Members of this Parliament.</HI> The Rea&s;ons u&s;ed to ju&s;tify the wording of the Que&s;tion in this manner were: 1. That there was no colour by the ancient Law of the Land for their &s;itting as Members of the Parliament of <HI>England,</HI> having always been a di&s;tinct Kingdom from it. 2. That there had been no di&s;tribution of Powers to elect, as was required by the <HI>Humble Petition and Ad|vice.</HI> The Court would by no means permit the Que&s;tion to be put in the manner before-men|tioned, but moved that it might be thus propo&s;|ed in the following Words, <HI>Whether the Hou&s;e thought fit that tho&s;e returned frow</HI> Scotland <HI>&s;hould &s;it as Members of this Parliament:</HI> By this means turning a Que&s;tion of Right into a Que&s;tion of Conveniency. However, becau&s;e our Que&s;tion was fir&s;t propo&s;ed, we in&s;i&s;ted that it might al&s;o be fir&s;t put; and likewi&s;e moved, that tho&s;e &s;ent from <HI>Scotland</HI> and <HI>Ire|land</HI> being the Per&s;ons concerned in the Que&s;ti|on, might be ordered to withdraw, and not be permitted to &s;it Judges of their own Ca&s;e: and this we thought we might with more rea|&s;on demand, becau&s;e their own Party had al|ready
<PB N="627" REF="320"> waved the Legality of their Election by the Form of Words they had u&s;ed in the Que&s;|tion they propo&s;ed: But the pretended Mem|bers for <HI>Scotland</HI> and <HI>Ireland,</HI> except only Mr. <HI>Swinton</HI> who mode&s;tly withdrew, as they had debated their own Ca&s;e with much confidence, &s;o by the &s;upport of that Court they re&s;olved to decide it in their own favour. When we &s;aw our &s;elves thus overpowered by Violence and Number, we had the Que&s;tion put for leaving out the Words, <HI>By the Law of the Land,</HI> which being carried in the Affirmative; and therefore to be entred in the Journal, we let fall Words in the Hou&s;e to in&s;inuate that they were not a Legal Parliament, having no coun|tenance from the Authority by which they acted: And as to their prudential way of ad|mitting the Scots and Iri&s;h on the account of Conveniency, we &s;aid it would weaken all that &s;hould be done by this A&s;&s;embly, who&s;e Acti|ons would be weighed and duly con&s;idered by tho&s;e that &s;hould come into Power, when they were gone: That the Laws of this A&s;&s;embly, tho' it were granted that they were a Legal Parliament, would not bind the People of <HI>Scotland,</HI> who are not governed by the Com|mon Law of <HI>England,</HI> and therefore that it was unrea&s;onable that tho&s;e cho&s;en by that Nation &s;hould have any part in making Laws for the People of <HI>England;</HI> and that it was in|tolerable, that they who had fought again&s;t a Commonwealth &s;hould be con&s;ulted with in
<PB N="628" REF="321"> the framing of our Con&s;titution, and &s;o vote us out of that with their Tongues, which they could never fight us out of with their Swords. But all our Arguments were an&s;wered by calling for the Que&s;tion, which they carried by a great number of Votes, as they did al&s;o that for ad|mitting tho&s;e returned for <HI>Ireland.</HI></P>
<P>The Court having overcome the&s;e Difficul|ties, doubted not to obtain the E&s;tabli&s;hment of their Hou&s;e of Lords, which they called the <HI>Other Hou&s;e;</HI> and therefore moved for recognizing them al&s;o. The Commonwealths|men propo&s;ed that the A&s;&s;embly would fir&s;t take into their con&s;ideration the Powers where|with the Other Hou&s;e &s;hould be ve&s;ted before they proceeded to the Recognition of them, le&s;t our qualifying them with the Title of a Hou&s;e, and our Approbation of the Per&s;ons that were to fill it, might be a means to pro|cure them more Power than otherwi&s;e we &s;hould think &s;it to give them. But the Court-Party alledged that the Other Hou&s;e being al|ready con&s;tituted, it was no more in the Power of the Commons to alter their E&s;tabli&s;hment; than in the Power of the New Hou&s;e to make any Change in that of the Commons. Then we endeavoured to &s;hew them the unrea&s;ona|blene&s;s of impo&s;ing &s;uch a Hou&s;e upon the Nation, telling them, that in ancient times tho&s;e that came to Parliament &s;ate there by virtue of the Lands they po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ed, and that he who had twenty Fees, each of twenty Pounds
<PB N="629" REF="321"> yearly Rent, might demand his Place in the Hou&s;e as an Earl; and that who&s;oever was po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ed of thirteen Fees, whereof one third part was military, had a Right to &s;it in the &s;ame Hou&s;e as a Baron: That this Method continued till the greater Barons finding them|&s;elves overvoted, withdrew into a di&s;tinct Hou&s;e. But King <HI>Henry</HI> the Third having ob|tained a Victory again&s;t the Barons, deprived them of their ancient U&s;ages, and permit|ted none of them to come to Parliament with|out a Writ of Summons from him. We &s;hewed them that the Hou&s;e of Lords an|ciently con&s;i&s;ted of Per&s;ons, on whom the Commons had their Dependance; and be|ing for the mo&s;t part Retainers to them, were clothed in their Liveries: But the Ballance be|ing now altered, and the greate&s;t part of the Lands of <HI>England</HI> devolved upon the Com|mons, they in&s;tead of wearing the Lords blew Coats, did now give Wages to mo&s;t of tho&s;e who pretended to be Members of the other Hou&s;e. But notwith&s;tanding all that could be &s;aid, the Confederacy for them was &s;trong enough to carry all before them, the Cavalee|ri&s;h Party, who were very numerous, joining with them, in expectation that it might prove a good &s;tep towards the Return of the former Peerage: So the Que&s;tion was put, <HI>Whether This Hou&s;e &s;hould tran&s;act with the Other Hou&s;e,</HI> and carried in the Affirmative. We then de|&s;ired, that &s;eeing This Hou&s;e was undeniably
<PB N="630" REF="322"> more Honourable in the Members of it than the Other, and much more in relation to tho&s;e whom they repre&s;ented, that the Members of This Hou&s;e might not go to them with Me&s;|&s;ages as formerly, unle&s;s the Members of the New Hou&s;e would re&s;pectively come to us with their Me&s;&s;ages; or, that the Ma&s;ters in Chancery, who were accu&s;tomed to be the Lords Me&s;&s;engers, might be divided between the two Hou&s;es for that purpo&s;e: But this al|&s;o was denied, and we were told, <HI>That a Fea|ther might hinder the Motion of a Clock as well as a piece of Iron.</HI> The Subject of our fir&s;t Tran&s;action with the Other Hou&s;e was touch|ing a Declaration for a Fa&s;t, which, by &s;ome Expre&s;&s;ions in it, <HI>of taking Shame to our &s;elves for neglecting to &s;ettle the Government of the Church, and having permitted &s;o many erroneous and heretical Opinions to be divulged,</HI> with o|thers of a like nature, di&s;covered plainly in what Mint it was forged. This Declaration being agreed to, it was ordered to be carried to the Other Hou&s;e for their Concurrence by one Mr. <HI>Grove,</HI> who was accompained by divers young Gentlemen, and many of the Cavalier-Party, all of them attending like &s;o many Lac|keys at the Bar of the Other Hou&s;e, whil&s;t the Ceremonies of pre&s;enting it were performed; which were the &s;ame that had been formerly u&s;ed to the Peers on the like Occa&s;ion. Tho&s;e of the other Hou&s;e were wonderfully plea&s;ed with this Application to them, having waited
<PB N="631" REF="322"> near three Months for it, and having no bu&s;i|ne&s;s to do, had con&s;umed great &s;tore of Fire to keep them warm at the Publick Charge: Yet upon the Debate, they found not &s;o great a Unanimity as in the receiving it; for Mr. <HI>Cromwel</HI>'s Party and the Presbyterians fell vio|lently upon the Independents and &s;ome of the Army, concerning &s;ome Clau&s;es therein in&s;ert|ed, as they &s;aid, by tho&s;e of their Party. The&s;e Divi&s;ions were not confined within the Walls of that Hou&s;e, but broke out in the Army it &s;elf; the Officers every where di&s;covering their Jealou&s;ies one of another. They were divi|ded into Three Parties, and neither of them much &s;uperiour to the Other in number. One Party was known to be well affected to the Commonwealth, and con&s;i&s;ted chiefly of the following Officers, <HI>viz.</HI> Col. <HI>A&s;hfield,</HI> Col. <HI>Lilburn,</HI> Col. <HI>Fitz,</HI> Lieut. Col. <HI>Ma&s;on,</HI> Lieut. Col. <HI>Mo&s;s,</HI> Lieut. Col. <HI>Farley,</HI> Major <HI>Creed,</HI> with divers Captains and other inferior Officers. A &s;econd Party was known by the Title of the <HI>Wallingford</HI> Hou&s;e, or Army-Party, who had advanced Mr. <HI>Richard Cromwel</HI> in expecta|tion of governing all as they plea&s;ed: Of the&s;e were Lieutenant General <HI>Fleetwood,</HI> Col. <HI>De&s;|brough,</HI> Col. <HI>Sydenham,</HI> Col. <HI>Clark,</HI> Col. <HI>Kel|&s;ey,</HI> Col. <HI>Berry,</HI> Major <HI>Haines,</HI> Trea&s;urer <HI>Blackwel,</HI> and &s;ome others. The Third Party was that of Mr. <HI>Richard Cromwel,</HI> who having ca&s;t off tho&s;e who had taken the pains to ad|vance him, joyned him&s;elf to Men that were
<PB N="632" REF="323"> more &s;uitable to his Inclinations; &s;uch were Col. <HI>Ingoldsby,</HI> Col. <HI>Gough,</HI> Col. <HI>Whalley,</HI> Col. <HI>Howard,</HI> Col. <HI>Goodrick,</HI> Lieut. Col. <HI>Keins,</HI> with many others, and more particularly tho&s;e that were Officers in the Scots and Iri&s;h Forces. But his Cabinet-Council were the Lord <HI>Broghil,</HI> Dr. <HI>Wilkins,</HI> and Col. <HI>Philip Jones.</HI> The Differences between the&s;e Parties being already very great, were yet much increa&s;ed by the following Accident. Col. <HI>Whalley,</HI> whom <HI>Richard</HI> had lately made Commi&s;&s;ary Gene|ral of the Hor&s;e, meeting with Col. <HI>A&s;hfield</HI> in <HI>We&s;tmin&s;ter-Hall,</HI> and di&s;cour&s;ing with him concerning the Other Hou&s;e, about which their Sentiments were very different, the Com|mi&s;&s;ary General fell into &s;uch a Pa&s;&s;ion, that he threatned to &s;trike the Colonel, who thereupon daring him to do it, <HI>Whalley</HI> cho&s;e rather to make his Complaint to Mr. <HI>Richard Cromwel,</HI> Col. <HI>A&s;hfield</HI> being &s;ummoned to appear, the pretended Protector threatned to ca&s;hier him as a Mutineer, for &s;peaking in &s;uch a manner to a General Officer of the Army. But the Colonel de&s;iring a fair and equal Hearing by a Council of Officers, he was ordered to attend again. At the time appointed it was contrived that Col. <HI>Gough,</HI> Col. <HI>Ingoldsby,</HI> Col. <HI>Howard,</HI> Lieut. Col. <HI>Goodrick,</HI> and other Creatures of the Court &s;hould be pre&s;ent to decide the mat|ter in di&s;pute, who unanimou&s;ly enjoyned Col. <HI>A&s;hfield</HI> to acknowledge his Fault, and to ask the Commi&s;&s;ary General's Pardon for the &s;ame:
<PB N="633" REF="323"> But their Endeavours herein proved ineffectual, for the Colonel denying that he had offended the Commi&s;&s;ary General, refu&s;ed to de&s;ire his Pardon. Another thing happened about the &s;ame time that proved very di&s;advantageous to the Intere&s;t of Mr. <HI>Richard Cromwel:</HI> For a certain Inferiour Officer having publickly mur|mured at the advancement of &s;ome that had been Cavaliers to Commands in the Army, he was carried to <HI>Whitehal</HI> to an&s;wer for the &s;ame. Mr. <HI>Richard Cromwel,</HI> be&s;ides other reproachful Language, asking him in a deriding manner, whether he would have him prefer none but tho&s;e that were Godly? <HI>Here,</HI> continued he, <HI>is</HI> Dick Ingoldsby <HI>who can neither pray nor preach, and yet I will trust him before ye all.</HI> Tho&s;e imprudent, as well as irreligious words, &s;o clearly di&s;covering the Frame and Temper of his Mind, were &s;oon publi&s;hed in the Army and City of <HI>London,</HI> to his great prejudice. And from this time all Men among them who made but the lea&s;t pretences to Religion and Sobriety, began to think them&s;elves un&s;afe whil&s;t he go|verned, and thereupon &s;oon formed a Re&s;olu|tion to u&s;e their utmo&s;t Endeavours to divide the Military from the Civil Power, and to place the Command of the Army in Lieutenant Ge|neral <HI>Fleetwood.</HI></P>
<P>The <HI>Wallingford-</HI>Hou&s;e Party finding them|&s;elves abandoned by Mr. <HI>Richard Cromwel,</HI> and being very de&s;irous, if not to get the whole Power into their Hands, yet at lea&s;t to pre&s;erve
<PB N="634" REF="324"> what they were already po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ed of, and to render them&s;elves formidable, de&s;ired to renew a Corre&s;pondence with the Commonwealths Men, and to that end ordered Col. <HI>Kel&s;ey,</HI> one of their Members, to let me know that If I would go to <HI>Wallingford</HI> Hou&s;e, I &s;hould meet with a friendly Reception from the Lieutenant General and the re&s;t of the Company. Ac|cordingly I went thither, and perceiving them to agree that the Mea&s;ures then taken would inevitably bring in the Common Enemy, I could not forbear telling them that tho' I was heartily &s;orry for the &s;aid Con&s;equences &s;uch a Revolution might bring upon the People of <HI>England;</HI> yet with re&s;pect to them&s;elves, they had merited what&s;oever had already happen'd, or was ju&s;tly to be feared, in that they had ad|vanced a &s;ingle Per&s;on over us, when it was in their Power to put us into a full Po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ion of our Liberties. However, that I pre&s;umed it was not yet too late, if they would re&s;olve to joyn them&s;elves to that part of the Army who were well-affected to the Commonwealth, and who in conjunction with them would in all appearance, be enabled to re&s;tore that Go|vernment, which had co&s;t the Nation &s;o much Blood to e&s;tabli&s;h. I told them that it would be convenient to give &s;ome Earne&s;t of the Sin|cerity of their Reconciliation with us in order to recover that Tru&s;t and Confidence from the Commonwealth-Party, which was nece&s;&s;a|ry to our pre&s;ent Undertaking; and to that
<PB N="635" REF="324"> end propo&s;ed that they would &s;upport and de|fend Col. <HI>A&s;hfield,</HI> who was like to &s;uffer for his Affection to the Commonwealth. They acquainted me, that they had already appeared for the Colonel, and promi&s;ed to do him the be&s;t Offices they could in his Affair, yet ex|pre&s;&s;ed an unwillingne&s;s to ruin &s;ome of their Friends who were of Mr. <HI>Cromwel</HI>'s Party, and particularly named Col. <HI>Whalley.</HI> I replied that if Col. <HI>Walley</HI> was &s;o good a Man to de|&s;erve that con&s;ideration from them, I per&s;wad|ed my &s;elf he would not oppo&s;e them; but if he were otherwi&s;e, they could not ju&s;tly be thought worthy of the Honour of being im|ployed in the Re&s;cue and Deliverance of their Country, who &s;hould &s;uffer them&s;elves to be &s;o much governed by private Intere&s;ts and En|gagements. Nothing more of moment pa&s;&s;ed between us in this Conver&s;ation, except that they de&s;ired to keep a good Corre&s;pondence with us, and to that end moved that they might &s;ee Sir. <HI>Henry Vane</HI> and Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;le|rig,</HI> or at lea&s;t be made acquainted with their Opinion concerning the Publick Affairs, and receive their Advice touching their future Pro|ceedings. I told them it was my Opinion, that tho&s;e two Gentlemen were too prudent to appear publickly in a matter of this nature, before full &s;atisfaction that tho&s;e of <HI>Wallingford</HI> Hou&s;e were in earne&s;t, and had done &s;ome|thing that &s;hould put them pa&s;t all Retreat: yet I promi&s;ed them to inform my &s;elf concerning
<PB N="636" REF="325"> their Sentiments, and to adverti&s;e them from time to time what mea&s;ures they &s;hould think mo&s;t proper to be taken. The next day I ac|quainted Sir <HI>Henry Vane</HI> and Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;le|rig</HI> with what had pa&s;&s;ed, and they approved the way that was propo&s;ed, and promi|&s;ed that when they &s;aw it &s;ea&s;onable they would be ready to a&s;&s;i&s;t them in all things tending to the Publick Service. With this An&s;wer I went to Col. <HI>Sydenham,</HI> and de&s;ired him to impart it to the re&s;t of the Company at <HI>Wallingford</HI> Hou&s;e; and then asking him con|cerning their Proceedings, he told me they de&s;igned to procure a General Council of Offi|cers to be called, which if they could effect, he hoped it would be of great advantage to their Affairs. After two or three days, &s;ome of the principal of the Party finding Mr. <HI>Cromwel</HI> a|lone, took the opportunity to per&s;wade him of the Nece&s;&s;ity of calling a General Council of Officers, in order to pre&s;ent &s;omething to the Hou&s;e for the Regulation and Maintenance of the Army: he not &s;u&s;pecting their De&s;ign, con&s;ented to the Propo&s;ition, and having i&s;&s;ued out an Order to that purpo&s;e, a General Coun|cil of Officers met. Both Parties endeavoured to take advantage of this Meeting, and the lighte&s;t Ve&s;&s;els being u&s;ually mo&s;t noi&s;y, the Iri&s;h Officers fir&s;t moved that the Council would petition the Hou&s;e, that the Protector might be declared General of the Army, as the only means to put an end to the Divi&s;ions
<PB N="637" REF="325"> that were among&s;t them: But this Motion found &s;o little Approbation, that the Court Party began to doubt of their Succe&s;s at this Meeting, and had much more rea&s;on &s;o to do, when they heard the Hum that was given upon a Propo&s;ition made to this effect, That it would be more advantageous to the Army, and more conducing to the good of the Na|tion, if the Military and Civil Power might be placed in different Hands, that the one might be a Ballance to the other. The Tem|per and Inclinations of the Council being thus tried, they were adjourned to another day. In the mean time the Party of <HI>Wallingford</HI> Hou&s;e beginning to appear more publickly, Col. <HI>De&s;|borough</HI> and Col. <HI>Sydenham</HI> &s;ent an Officer to de&s;ire me to give them a Meeting in the Cham|ber where the Committee for the Army u&s;ual|ly &s;ate, and to bring with me two or three Per&s;ons, in who&s;e Affections to the Publick I had the mo&s;t confidence. Accordingly I made choice of Col. <HI>Dixwel,</HI> and my Cou&s;in Mr. <HI>Wallop,</HI> and with them went to the Place ap|pointed, where our Di&s;cour&s;e tended chiefly to give reciprocal A&s;&s;urances of our Re&s;olution to join together in order to promote the Publick Good, promi&s;ing to u&s;e our Endeavours to re|move all Doubts and Scruples that might re|main in any of us, that by a mutual Tru&s;t and Confidence in each other, we might be the better enabled to prevent the Return of the Common Enemy. The &s;econd time the
<PB N="638" REF="326"> General Council of Officers met, they went a &s;tep farther, and declared their apprehen&s;ions, That <HI>the Common Cau&s;e was likely to be ruined by that Subtilty and Artifices of tho&s;e who had never been able to do it by open Force;</HI> and therefore de&s;ired that the Command of the Army might be intru&s;ted to the Care of &s;ome fit Per&s;on, in whom they might all confide. This Propo|&s;ition found &s;o general an Approbation, that it was impo&s;&s;ible for the Courtiers, to re&s;i&s;t the Stream, and &s;o the Meeting was adjourned to another Day. In the mean time Mr. <HI>Cromwel</HI> and his Party were exceedingly alarm'd at the&s;e Proceedings; and not daring to tru&s;t to their own Authority in this matter, they contrived it &s;o as to engage the Parliament in their Defence. Accordingly &s;ome Members of the Commons Hou&s;e charged the Council with mutinous Words there &s;poken again&s;t the Government, and again&s;t the Re&s;olutions of the Parliament it &s;elf. This Accu&s;ation was &s;o well &s;econded, that the Hou&s;e re&s;olved to di&s;&s;ipate the Storm, and to that end pa&s;&s;ed a Vote, <HI>That the Officers, of the Army &s;hould no more meet as a General Coun|cil.</HI> Yet for all this, they met again at the time appointed, in order to proceed in their De&s;ign: But the Hou&s;e having notice of it, and being very de&s;irous to enable Mr. <HI>Cromwel</HI> to make their Vote effectual, declared him to be Gene|ral of their Army, authorizing him to di&s;per&s;e the Officers to their re&s;pective Charges, to re|move from their Commands &s;uch as &s;hould di&s;|obey,
<PB N="639" REF="326"> and to place others in the room of them. They al&s;o voted it to be High Trea&s;on in the Officers to meet in Council contrary to their Order, and promi&s;ed to cau&s;e the Arrears of tho&s;e that &s;hould yield Obedience, to be forth|with paid, with a&s;&s;urances to take care of them for the future. Mr. <HI>Richard Cromwel</HI> having notice of the&s;e Votes, immediately went to the place where the Council of Officers was a&s;&s;embled; and having informed them of what had pa&s;&s;ed, he told them that he expected their pre&s;ent Obedience. The Officers not being then prepared to di&s;pute his Commands, with|drew them&s;elves; but the chief of them con|tinued their Meetings in a more private man|ner, making u&s;e of all means imaginable to oblige Mr. <HI>Richard Cromwel</HI> to a Compliance with them: but he relying on the Strength of his new Friends, refu&s;ed to hearken to them; &s;o that they perceived it to be high time to pro|vide for the Security of them&s;elves. Information being given at Court, that &s;omething extraordi|nary was in agitation, the Protector <HI>Richard</HI> &s;ent a Me&s;&s;age to Lieut. General <HI>Fleetwood</HI> to come to him; but the Me&s;&s;enger returned without-an An&s;wer. Then he ordered &s;ome of the Guard to be &s;ent for him, but they de&s;ired to be excu&s;ed. The Lieutenant General having notice of this De&s;ign, retired to St. <HI>James</HI>'s, where many Officers of the Army re&s;ort|ing to him, it was concluded between them, that the whole Army &s;hould rendezvous at
<PB N="640" REF="327"> St. <HI>James</HI>'s. The News of this Re&s;olution being brought to Mr. <HI>Cromwel,</HI> he al&s;o appoint|ed a Counter-Rendezvouz to be at the &s;ame time at <HI>Whitehal.</HI> Accordingly Col. <HI>Gough</HI> &s;ent Orders for his Regiment to march to <HI>Whitehal;</HI> but the Major had already prevailed with them to draw to St. <HI>James</HI>'s. Three Troops of Col. <HI>In|goldsby</HI>'s Hor&s;e marched al&s;o to St. <HI>James</HI>'s, with part of two more; &s;o that he had only one entire Troop of his Regiment to &s;tand by him. Col. <HI>Whalley</HI>'s Regiment of Hor&s;e for the mo&s;t part left him, and went off to St. <HI>James</HI>'s, which he &s;ee|ing, opened his Brea&s;t, and de&s;ired them to &s;hoot him. Col. <HI>Hacker</HI>'s Regiment of Hor&s;e being drawn up near <HI>Cheap&s;ide,</HI> Mr. <HI>Cromwel</HI> &s;ent a Me&s;&s;age to the Colonel, with an Order to re|quire him forthwith to march to <HI>Whitehal;</HI> but he excu&s;ed him&s;elf, and &s;aid that he had re|ceived Orders from Lieutenant General <HI>Fleet|wood</HI> to keep that Po&s;t. Many al&s;o of <HI>Richard</HI>'s own Guard went to St. <HI>James</HI>'s, and mo&s;t of tho&s;e that &s;taid with him, declared they would not oppo&s;e any that &s;hould come to them by Order from Lieutenant General <HI>Fleetwood.</HI> Thus here was a General without any Army, and divers great Officers without Souldiers; who having boa&s;ted of their Intere&s;t in the Army, and having thereby led the Hou&s;e into their late ra&s;h Proceedings, now being utterly di&s;appointed in their Hopes and Expectations, knew not what to advi&s;e, or what to do. A|bout Noon Col. <HI>Desborough</HI> went to Mr. <HI>Ri|chard</HI>
<PB N="641" REF="327"> <HI>Cromwel</HI> at <HI>Whitehal,</HI> and told him that if he would di&s;&s;olve his Parliament, the Offi|cers would take care of him; but that, if he refu&s;ed &s;o to do, they would do it without him, and leave him to &s;hift for him&s;elf. Ha|ving taken a little time to con&s;ider of it, and finding no other way left to do better, he con|&s;ented to what was demanded. This great Alteration was made with &s;o little noi&s;e, that very few were alarm'd at it. The next Morn|ing the Hou&s;e met, and divers Members made extravagant Motions rather, as was &s;uppo&s;ed, to vent their own Pa&s;&s;ions, than from any hopes of Succe&s;s: For whatever were the Re|&s;olutions that had been made by the Court-<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters">nto, they could not &s;uddenly be brought to a Vote, becau&s;e the contrary Party was con|&s;iderably increa&s;ed by this change of Affairs. Few of the Hou&s;e knew of the Re&s;olution ta|ken to put a Period to them, or if they did, were unwilling to take notice of it; &s;o that when the U&s;her of the Black Rod, who attend|ed the other Hou&s;e, came to let the Serjeant at Arms know that it was the Plea&s;ure of the Protector that the Hou&s;e of Commons &s;hould attend him at the other Hou&s;e, many of them were unwilling to admit the Serjeant into the Hou&s;e to deliver the Me&s;&s;age; but the Com|monwealth Party demanded, and obtained that he &s;hould give the Hou&s;e an account of what the Gentleman of the Black Rod had &s;aid to him. The A&s;&s;embly being under this Con|fu&s;ion,
<PB N="642" REF="328"> adjourned them&s;elves till eight of the Clock the next Morning, but care was taken to prevent their meeting again by publi&s;hing a Proclamation, declaring them to be di&s;&s;olved, by &s;etting a Padlock on the Door of the Hou&s;e, and by placing a Guard in the Court of Re|que&s;ts, with Orders to refu&s;e admittance to all tho&s;e that &s;hould demand it. The Army hav|ing broken this A&s;&s;embly, were not &s;o una|nimous in re&s;olving what &s;tep to take next. The chief of them were mo&s;t inclined to patch up &s;ome Agreement with Mr. <HI>Richard Cromwel,</HI> if they could effect it with advantage to them|&s;elves. In the mean time they permitted the ordinary Cour&s;e of Ju&s;tice to run in his Name, whil&s;t they them&s;elves di&s;po&s;ed of the Offices of the Army at their Plea&s;ure; removing &s;uch as had appeared active again&s;t them at the time of their general Rendezvous, and filling the Vacancies with their own Creatures. They took Major General <HI>Lambert</HI> into their Coun|cils, and re&s;tored him, together with Col. <HI>Packer,</HI> and Capt. <HI>Gladman,</HI> to their &s;everal Commands. Sir <HI>Charles Coot</HI> went po&s;t for <HI>Ireland</HI> to carry the News of this great Altera|tion to Col. <HI>Henry Cromwel,</HI> and to con&s;ult what might be done to continue their Reign. Col. <HI>Henry Ingoldsby</HI> ha&s;tned after him on the &s;ame account; and &s;oon after their arrival, all po&s;&s;ible care was taken to maintain them&s;elves. To that end Sir <HI>Charles Coot</HI> was &s;ent into <HI>Con|naught,</HI> Lieutenant Col. <HI>Flower</HI> into <HI>&V;lster,</HI> the
<PB N="643" REF="328"> Lord <HI>Broghil</HI> into <HI>Mun&s;ter;</HI> and the Troops they mo&s;t confided in were ordered to march towards <HI>Dublin.</HI> This being done, a Council of Officers was called together by Col. <HI>Crom|wel,</HI> and a Propo&s;ition made to them that they would declare them&s;elves ready to &s;tand by and defend Mr. <HI>Richard Cromwel;</HI> which they declined to do at that time, de&s;ireing to &s;ee what Cour&s;e would be taken by the Army in <HI>England,</HI> before thy &s;hould declare them&s;elves. In <HI>England</HI> there were not wanting &s;ome who endeavoured to &s;upport this tottering Govern|ment; but finding them&s;elves hopele&s;s of Suc|ce&s;s in or about <HI>London,</HI> they re&s;olved to act their parts farther off. In order to this, they made choice of the North, principally by rea|&s;on of the Neighbourhood of <HI>Scotland,</HI> where the Forces were commanded by Colonel <HI>George Monk,</HI> a Per&s;on of an ambitious and covetous Temper, of loo&s;e, or rather no Prin|ciples, and of a vicious and &s;candalous Con|ver&s;ation. The chief In&s;truments made u&s;e of in this De&s;ign were the Lord <HI>Falconbridge</HI> and Col. <HI>Howard,</HI> who, tho' they had attended on Lieutenant General <HI>Fleetwood</HI> before they began their Journey, to a&s;&s;ure him of their Re&s;olutions to acquie&s;ce, yet had both tam|pered with their Regiments, in order to fit them to their purpo&s;es, and al&s;o held a Corre|&s;pondence with Col. <HI>Monk,</HI> who was not a little &s;u&s;pected by the confederated Officers of <HI>Wallingford-</HI>Hou&s;e.</P>
<PB N="644" REF="329">
<P> The <HI>Wallingford-</HI>Hou&s;e Party, who had thus po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ed them&s;elves of the Supreme Power, were every day pre&s;&s;ed from all Parts, and e&s;pe|cially from the City of <HI>London,</HI> to re&s;tore the Long Parliament, as the only means to &s;atisfie the People, and to e&s;tabli&s;h an equal and ju&s;t Government among&s;t us in the way of a Com|monwealth. Neither were there wanting di|vers Officers of the Army, who po&s;itively de|clared that they would not re&s;t contented with any thing le&s;s. Be&s;ides, the Commonwealth-Party had ab&s;olutely refu&s;ed to hearken to any Propo&s;itions of Accommodation with Mr. <HI>Rich. Cromwel,</HI> and great Endeavours had been u&s;ed by the Son of the late King in conjunction with the Presbyterians, to rai&s;e Tumults and In&s;ur|rections in <HI>England.</HI> To which may be added, the great Probability that appeared of a Peace to be concluded &s;peedily between <HI>France</HI> and <HI>Spain,</HI> who would then be at lei&s;ure to a&s;&s;i&s;t the Common Enemy. The&s;e things being &s;eri|ou&s;ly con&s;idered by tho&s;e of <HI>Wallingford</HI> Hou&s;e, and finding them&s;elves de&s;titute of all other means to &s;upply the Nece&s;&s;ities of the Army and Navy; they were compelled at la&s;t to ad|mit the Debate of the Re&s;titution of the Long Parliament, among&s;t other Propo&s;itions that were under their Con&s;ideration. They al&s;o re&s;tored &s;ome Officers to their Commands who had &s;uffered for their Affections to the Parlia|ment; and among&s;t others Col. <HI>Okey</HI> and Col. <HI>Saunders,</HI> who had been ca&s;hiered by <HI>Oli|ver</HI>
<PB N="645" REF="329"> <HI>Cromwel</HI> on that account. The Propo&s;ition of re&s;toring the Parliament met with great Op|po&s;ition from many of tho&s;e that had ta&s;ted the Sweetne&s;s of Power and Profit under the late U&s;urpation of the <HI>Cromwels,</HI> and who feared a more equal Di&s;tribution of things; and there|fore they every where affirmed, that there was not a &s;ufficient Number of Members left to make up a Parliament. Hereupon Dr. <HI>John Owen</HI> having de&s;ired me to give him a Li&s;t of their Names, I delivered him one; wherein I had marked tho&s;e who had &s;at in the Hou&s;e &s;ince the Year 1648. and were yet alive, amounting to the Number of about one hundred and &s;ixty. The Doctor having peru&s;ed it, carried it to tho&s;e at <HI>Wallingford</HI> Hou&s;e; who for the Rea&s;ons be|fore-mentioned appointed a Committee of their A&s;&s;ociates to treat with &s;ome Members of that Parliament, in order to a clearing of &s;ome Par|ticulars which &s;eemed mo&s;t con&s;iderable to them, before they &s;hould proceed to a final Determi|nation in this great Affair. The Place of Meet|ing was Sir <HI>Henry Vane</HI>'s Hou&s;e at <HI>Charing-Cro&s;s;</HI> the Per&s;ons of and from the Army were Major-General <HI>Lambert,</HI> Col. <HI>John Jones,</HI> Col. <HI>Kelfey,</HI> Col. <HI>Berry,</HI> &amp;c. Tho&s;e of the Parliament were, Sir <HI>Henry Vane,</HI> Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;terig,</HI> Major <HI>Salo|way,</HI> and my &s;elf. The Things demanded by tho&s;e of the Army were,</P>
<P N="1">1. To be &s;ecured by an Act of Indemnity for what was pa&s;t.</P>
<P N="2"><PB N="646" REF="330"> 2. That &s;ome Provi&s;ion of Power might be made for Mr. <HI>Richard Cromwel,</HI> as well as for the Paiment of his Debts, and future Sub|&s;i&s;tence in a plentiful manner, they having pro|mi&s;ed to take care of him in the&s;e Particulars.</P>
<P N="3">3. That what &s;hould &s;tand in need of Regu|lation both in the Law and Clergy, &s;hould be reformed and amended.</P>
<P N="4">4. That the Government of the Nation &s;hould be by a repre&s;entive of the People, and by a &s;elect Senate.</P>
<P>For the fir&s;t, it was thought rea&s;onable that &s;omething of that nature &s;hould be done, as well to gratify tho&s;e who would contribute to our Return, as for our own future Peace and Quiet.</P>
<P>Touching the &s;econd Propo&s;ition concerning a Provi&s;ion to be made for Mr. <HI>Richard Crom|wel,</HI> we &s;aid, that tho' the Parliament and Na|tion had been greatly injured by the Interrupti|on they had received; yet &s;eeing tho&s;e who were at pre&s;ent in po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ion of the Power had engaged to make &s;ome provi&s;ion for him; we were contented for our &s;elves, that tho&s;e Debts which he had contracted on the Publick Ac|count &s;hould be paid. that &s;o he might be ena|bled to &s;ub&s;i&s;t comfortably: But that we could by no means con&s;ent to continue any part of his late a&s;&s;umed Power to him, neither could we believe that &s;uch a Propo&s;ition would ever be hearkned to by the Members of the Parliament if they &s;hould come together.</P>
<PB N="647" REF="330">
<P> The third Propo&s;ition was ea&s;ily agreed to, all of us declaring that we would u&s;e the ut|mo&s;t of our endeavours to rectify and reform what&s;oever &s;hould appear to be ami&s;s either in Church or State.</P>
<P>In the fourth Propo&s;ition we found a greater Difficulty, not being all of the &s;ame Opinion with re&s;pect to that part of it relating to the <HI>Senate.</HI> Whereupon finding that out of a De|&s;ire to avoid any thing that might prove an Ob|&s;truction to the Return of the Parliament; or po&s;&s;ibly from an Inclination in &s;ome, to the thing it &s;elf, there was an Intention by a general Si|lence about that Matter, to give them hopes of our Compliance: Therefore that they might have no ju&s;t occa&s;ion to &s;ay hereafter, that we had dealt doubly with them, keeping fair in that particular before our Admi&s;&s;ion, and after we were admitted, declaring again&s;t it; I thought it my Duty to let them know, that If by a &s;elect Senate they under&s;tood a la&s;ting Power, co-ordinate with the Authority of the People's Repre&s;entative, and not cho&s;en by the People; I could net engage to promote the E&s;ta|bli&s;hment of &s;uch a Power, apprehending that it would prove a means to perpetuate our Dif|ferences, and make it nece&s;&s;ary to keep up a Standing Force to &s;upport it. But if they pro|po&s;ed to erect &s;uch an Authority only for a &s;hort time, and in order to proceed with more Vigour to an equal and ju&s;t e&s;tabli&s;hment of the Commonwealth, I pre&s;umed it might be
<PB N="648" REF="331"> very u&s;eful, and that the People would readily acquie&s;ce when it &s;hould be evident that it was de&s;igned to no other end than to prevent them from de&s;troying them&s;elves, and not to en&s;lave them to any Faction or Party. After four or five hours Debate concerning the&s;e Particulars, we de&s;ired them to con&s;ider that what&s;oever had been &s;aid by us in this Conference, ought only to be taken as proceeding from private Men&punc; and that we dur&s;t not pre&s;ume to pro|mi&s;e any thing on the part of the Parliament. However we encouraged them to hope, that if we four joyned in propo&s;ing any thing in the Hou&s;e for the Publick Good, we might proba|bly bring it to effect. At the Conclu&s;ion of our Conver&s;ation Major General <HI>Lambert</HI> affured us, that he would repre&s;ent to the General Council what had pa&s;&s;ed between us as fairly, and with as much Advantage as we could de|&s;ire. After three or four days the &s;ame Com|pany met again at the &s;ame place, where tho&s;e that were employed by the Council of Officers, declared the Re&s;olution of them&s;elves, and of tho&s;e they repre&s;ented, to be, That the Parlia|ment &s;hould be re&s;tored, and thereupon pre&s;&s;ed us that the Members might meet with all po&s;&s;i|ble Expedition, being per&s;waded that Delays in a Matter of &s;uch Importance, might hazard the Succe&s;s of all. Therefore it was re&s;olved that notice &s;hould be given to &s;uch Members as were in Town to meet on the <HI>Thur&s;day</HI> fol|lowing at Mr. <HI>Lenthal</HI> their Speaker's Hou&s;e,
<PB N="649" REF="331"> and that the Officers of the Army &s;hould come thither, and there acquaint us with the De&s;ires of the Army. At the time appointed, about Sixteen of us went to the Speaker's Hou&s;e, and having informed him of the Cau&s;e of our coming, he began to make many trifling Ex|cu&s;es, pleading his Age, Sickne&s;s, and Inability to &s;it long Soon after the Committee from the General Council came, and Major General <HI>Lambert,</HI> in the Name of the re&s;t, acquainted the Speaker, That in order to reconcile our Diffe|rences, and to unite all tho&s;e that were well af|fected to the Publick, it was the De&s;ire of the Army, that the Parliament would return to the Di&s;charge of their Duty according to the Tru&s;t repo&s;ed in them by the People of <HI>England;</HI> pro|mi&s;ing to &s;tand by them, and &s;erve them to the utmo&s;t of their Power. The Speaker, who had been lately at Court, where they had pre|vailed with him to endeavour to render this De|&s;ign, which they feared above all things, in|effectual; and on the other hand, being unwil|ling to lo&s;e his late acquired Peerage, renewed his former Excu&s;es, with this Addition, that he was not fully &s;atisfied that the Death of the late King had not put an end to the Parliament. To this it was an&s;wered, That by a Law made by an undi&s;puted Authority, the Parliament could not be di&s;&s;olved without their own Con|&s;ent, which had never yet been given. And therefore they de&s;ired him, as he valued the Peace and Happine&s;s of the Nation, to &s;end his Let|ters
<PB N="650" REF="332"> to &s;uch Members as were about the Town, requiring them to meet the next Morning in the Lords Hou&s;e, in order to re&s;ume their Places in the Hou&s;e of Commons &s;o &s;oon as they might make up a <HI>Quorum.</HI> He replied, that he could by no means do as we de&s;ired, having appointed a Bu&s;ine&s;s of far greater Im|portance to him&s;elf, which he would not omit on any account; becau&s;e it concerned the Sal|vation of his own Soul. We then pre&s;&s;ed him to inform us what it might be: To which he an&s;wered, that he was preparing him&s;elf to participate of the Lord's Supper, which he re|&s;olved to take on the next Lord's-day. Upon this it was replied, that Mercy is more accepta|ble to God than Sacrifice, and that he could not better prepare him&s;elf for the afore&s;aid Du|ty, than by contributing to the Publick Good. But he re&s;olving to perform &s;ome part of his Promi&s;e to Mr. <HI>Richard Cromwel,</HI> would not be per&s;waded to &s;end Letters to the Members, as it was de&s;ired. So that we found our &s;elves obliged to tell him, that the Service of the Pub|lick had been too long ob&s;tructed by the Will of &s;ingle Per&s;ons; and that if he refu&s;ed to i&s;&s;ue out his Letters to the Members, we would cau&s;e it to be done by other means: And there|upon gave Orders to &s;uch Clerks as we then had there ready for that purpo&s;e, to draw Di|rections for the Me&s;&s;engers who were to &s;um|mon the Members, and to divide the Li&s;t a|mong&s;t them, in &s;uch a manner as might be&s;t
<PB N="651" REF="332"> provide for the Expedition of the Bu&s;ine&s;s. In the Morning about thirty Members being come, and the Number increa&s;ing continually, the Speaker, who had appointed his Spies to bring him word whether we might probably make up a Hou&s;e or not, being informed that we wanted not above three or four; notwi&s;tand|ing the Salvation of his Soul, thought it time to come to us, and &s;oon after the requi&s;ite Number was compleated. About twelve a Clock we went to take our Places in the Hou&s;e, Mr. <HI>Lenthal</HI> our Speaker leading the way, and the Officers of the Army lining the Rooms for us, as we pa&s;&s;ed through the Painted Chamber, the Court of Reque&s;ts, and the Lobby it &s;elf, the principal Officers having placed them&s;elves neare&s;t to the door of the Parliament-Hou&s;e, every one &s;eeming to rejoyce at our Re&s;titution, and promi&s;ing to live and die with us. The &s;ame day, the Hou&s;e appointed a Commitee of Safety, with Authority to &s;eize and &s;ecure &s;uch as might ju&s;tly be &s;u&s;pected of any De&s;ign to di&s;turb the Publick Peace and al&s;o to remove &s;uch Officers of the Army as they &s;hould think fit, and to fill their Places with others, till the Parliament &s;hould take farther Order therein. The Per&s;ons con&s;tituted to be of that Commit|tee were Sir <HI>Henry Vane,</HI> Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig,</HI> Lieutenant General <HI>Fleetwood,</HI> Col. <HI>Sydenham,</HI> Major <HI>Saloway,</HI> Col. <HI>John Jones,</HI> and my &s;elf. The&s;e were of the Hou&s;e, and to them were joyned from without, Major General <HI>Lambert,</HI>
<PB N="652" REF="333"> Col. <HI>Desborough,</HI> and Col. <HI>Berry.</HI> The time appointed for the Duration of their Power was, if I mi&s;take not, eight days, by which time it was &s;uppo&s;ed the Hou&s;e would be able to con&s;titute a Council of State, to take care of Affairs of that nature. The Parliament re|ferred to the Committee to give notice to Fo|reign Amba&s;&s;adors re&s;iding in <HI>England,</HI> and to the Mini&s;ters of this Nation employed in Fo|reign Parts, of their Return to the Exerci&s;e of their Authority. They likewi&s;e directed them to inform them&s;elves what Alliances <HI>England</HI> had abroad, and to report the State of that Af|fair to the Hou&s;e. They impowered them al|&s;o to make Inquiry into the Mi&s;carriages of Officers during the late Confu&s;ions, to remove &s;uch as they found guilty, to put others in their Places, and then to lay the whole Matter be|fore the Parliament for their Approbation. To the Members of the Hou&s;e who were of the Committee, they added Mr. <HI>Scott;</HI> and then ordered them to take a view of all the Civil Officers of the Nation, authorizing them to di&s;place tho&s;e that &s;hould be found unfit to &s;erve, and to place others in the room of them, and to report what they had done to the Hou&s;e. Writs and all Proceedings at Law were directed to run as formerly in the Name of the <HI>Keepers of the Liberties of</HI> England. And le&s;t the Judges who were Members of the Hou&s;e might by their Influence there, prevent the intended Re|formation of the Law, it was re&s;olved that no
<PB N="653" REF="333"> Member of Parliament &s;hould be a Judge in any Court. Information being given to the Com|mittee that Col. <HI>Norton</HI> Governour of <HI>Port&s;|mouth</HI> had let fall &s;ome Expre&s;&s;ions of Di&s;con|tent, they knowing the Place to be of great Importance, &s;ent down Col. <HI>Whetham,</HI> who formerly had been Governour thereof, to take po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ion of the Government of it; at which tho' the Colonel was much di&s;turbed, yet in a Let|ter to me written by him &s;oon after; he a&s;&s;ured me he &s;hould be very well &s;atisfied, if we would proceed to the Settlement of an equal Commonwealth. A Committee for the Sea-Affairs was al&s;o appointed by the Parliament, who being informed of the Di&s;affection of &s;ome that managed the Bu&s;ine&s;s of the Admiralty to the Pre&s;ent Government, the Hou&s;e was ear|ne&s;tly pre&s;&s;ed to pa&s;s a Vote for excluding them from that Employment; but at la&s;t they were prevailed with to refer it to the Committee which they had already appointed for nomi|nating Officers, to propo&s;e &s;ome for that Charge. The Committee having re&s;olved to acquaint the Per&s;ons they de&s;igned to propo&s;e to the Parliament, with their Intentions before|hand, demanded of Col. <HI>Kel&s;ey</HI> if he would ac|cept of it, and ea&s;ily obtained his Con&s;ent; tho' they told him they could not promi&s;e him any other Salary than what he &s;hould merit by a diligent Performance of the Duties of the Place. The &s;ame Propo&s;ition being made to Col. <HI>Clark;</HI> he told them, he would con&s;ider
<PB N="654" REF="334"> well before he would engage &s;o far with the pre&s;ent Authority. This Carriage of the Co|lonel cau&s;ed me to &s;u&s;pect that the Army had &s;till &s;ome De&s;ign on foot, more than appeared openly; and I was the rather induced to this Su&s;picion by this Relation to <HI>Thurloe</HI> the late Se|cretary, and his Familiarity with Col. <HI>Desbo|rough;</HI> e&s;pecially con&s;idering that the way was &s;till open to reconcile them&s;elves to Mr. <HI>Richard Cromwel,</HI> who yet remained at <HI>Whitehall</HI> with|out making any Preparations for his Removal. The Officers al&s;o under colour of enquiring into the Mi&s;carriages of the late Governments, and modelling the Affairs of the Army, had fre|quent Mettings, wherein greater care was taken to maintain their own Faction, than to provide for the Publick Service. It was very evident by the Li&s;ts of Officers pre&s;ented by them to the Committee, that the <HI>Wallingford-</HI>hou&s;e Party was not &s;o aver&s;e to the Creatures of Mr. <HI>Richard Cromwel,</HI> as they were to tho&s;e who had been Sufferes on the account of the Commonwealth. So that Major General <HI>Over|ton,</HI> Col. <HI>Rich,</HI> Col. <HI>Alured,</HI> and Capt. <HI>Bremen,</HI> were not without great difficulty received into the Service. The Regiment of Hor&s;e that had been commanded by Col. <HI>Howard</HI> was given to Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig,</HI> and a day or two after, it was propo&s;ed that I &s;hould be Colonel of that which had been commanded by Col. <HI>Gough;</HI> Sir <HI>Henry Vane</HI> and Major <HI>Saloway</HI> ear|ne&s;tly pre&s;&s;ing me to accept of it. But being
<PB N="655" REF="334"> unwilling to intermeddle with any Employ|ment of Advantage under the Parliament, that I might give my Voice in the Hou&s;e with more Freedom and Impartiality; I de&s;ired to be ex|cu&s;ed. Having taken this Re&s;olution, Sir <HI>Ar|thur Ha&s;lerig</HI> came to me and told me, that un|le&s;s I did accept it, he would quit the Regiment he commanded; which he prote&s;ted to have taken, not with a De&s;ign to make any Advan|tage of it, being re&s;olved not to receive any Pay; but only to have a Right to be pre&s;ent at the Councils of War, whereby he might be enabled to do &s;ome Good, and po&s;&s;ibly to pre|vent more Mi&s;chief. Having weighed the&s;e things, and con&s;idered that our greate&s;t Dan|ger was likely to ari&s;e from the Army, the Principal Officers of which had been debauched from their Duty by <HI>Oliver Cromwel,</HI> and had learn'd their own Strength when they ob&s;truct|ed his De&s;ign to be King; That they had placed his Son in the &s;ame Power after his Death, and pulled him down again upon their Di&s;like of his Government; I con&s;ented to un|dertake the Command of the Regiment that <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters">s offered to me. The Parliament having many important Affairs under their Con&s;idera|tion, were not yet at lei&s;ure to con&s;titute a Council of State; and therefore continued the Powers granted to the Committee of Safety for a longer time; and declared their Intentions to be, that the Nation &s;hould be governed in the way of a Commonwealth without a King,
<PB N="656" REF="335"> &s;ingle Per&s;on, or Hou&s;e of Lords. They al&s;o ordered that <HI>Whitehal</HI> &s;hould be cleared with all convenient &s;peed for the u&s;e of the Publick; that care &s;hould be taken of the Goods and Fur|niture belonging to it, and that the Committee &s;hould take care that Mr. <HI>Richard Cromwel</HI> might have notice of the&s;e their Re&s;olutions. In the mean time the Parliament took into their Con&s;ideration what Powers and In&s;tructions were requi&s;ite for the Council of State, and voted their Number to con&s;i&s;t of Thirty one, whereof Twenty one to be of the Parliament, and Ten to be of &s;uch per&s;ons as were not Mem|bers of the Hou&s;e. And the better to &s;hew the Con&s;ideration the Parliament had for &s;ome eminent Per&s;ons, who were not of their Body, and principally for the Officers of the Army, it was fir&s;t agreed, That the Lord Pre&s;ident <HI>Brad&s;haw,</HI> the Lord <HI>Fairfax,</HI> Major General <HI>Lambert,</HI> Col. <HI>Desborough,</HI> Col. <HI>Henry,</HI> Sir <HI>An|thony A&s;hley Cooper;</HI> and Sir <HI>Horatio Town&s;end,</HI> &s;hould be Members of the Council. The next Morning the Parliament proceeded to the Ele|ction of Twenty one of their Members to be of the Council of State, according to their former Re&s;olution, and cho&s;e Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;terig,</HI> Sir <HI>Henry Vane,</HI> Lieut. Gen. <HI>Fleetwood,</HI> Major, <HI>Sa|loway,</HI> Col. <HI>Morley,</HI> Mr. <HI>Thomas Chaloner,</HI> Col. <HI>Algernon Sidney,</HI> Mr. <HI>Henry Nevil,</HI> Col. <HI>Wal|ton,</HI> Col. <HI>Dixwel,</HI> Mr. <HI>Wallop,</HI> Chief Ju&s;tice <HI>St. Johns,</HI> Mr. <HI>Thomas Scott,</HI> Col. <HI>Thom&s;on,</HI> Mr. <HI>Robert Reynolds,</HI> Col. <HI>Sydenham,</HI> Col.
<PB N="657" REF="335"> <HI>John Jones,</HI> the Lord Commi&s;&s;ioner <HI>Whitelock,</HI> Sir <HI>James Harrington,</HI> Col. <HI>Downes,</HI> and my &s;elf. Then to compleat the Number of ten, who were to con&s;i&s;t of Per&s;ons that were not Members, they cho&s;e the Lord <HI>Warri&s;ton,</HI> Sir <HI>Robert Honywood,</HI> and Mr. <HI>Jo&s;ias Berners.</HI> The Officers of the Army were not at all plea&s;ed with this Election, perceiving they &s;hould not be permitted to act Arbitrarily, as they de&s;ired, and therefore &s;eldom came to the Council; and when they conde&s;cended to come, carried them|&s;elves with all imaginable Perver&s;ene&s;s and In|&s;olence. They &s;crupled to take the Oath <HI>to be true and faithful to the Commonwealth, in oppo|&s;ition to</HI> Charles Stuart, <HI>or any &s;ingle Per&s;on,</HI> which the Parliament had appointed to be taken by every Member of the Council before he took his Place. And becau&s;e they were a &s;hamed to own them&s;elves di&s;&s;atisfied with the Sub|&s;tance of the Oath, they pretended to be un|willing to take any; yet profe&s;&s;ing a Readi|ne&s;s to promi&s;e as much as the Oath required. This Di&s;tinction &s;eemed very nice to mo&s;t of us; but that there might be no Difference about Ceremonies, the Parliament was pre|vailed with to grant Liberty to the Council to alter the Engagement into &s;uch a Form as might give them Satisfaction. Notwith&s;tand|ing all which Conde&s;cention they were hardly per&s;waded to take it, and when they had done it, they &s;eldom came to di&s;charge their Duty at the Board. Things being in this po&s;ture, the
<PB N="658" REF="336"> Enemies to the Government thought it a pro|per time to attempt &s;omething before a good Agreement might be made between the Parlia|ment and Army: In order to which great Numbers of Arms were brought up by them in <HI>London,</HI> whereof Notice was given to a Com|mittee of the Council of State. A Che&s;t filled with Arms was &s;ent to the Hou&s;e of one Mr. <HI>Overbury</HI> of <HI>Gloce&s;ter&s;hire,</HI> of which he gave notice to Capt. <HI>Crofts,</HI> who commanded the County-Troop; and the Captain having cau&s;ed the Trunk to be opened, found in it ten Ca&s;e of common Pi&s;tols, one fine Pair with the Name of one <HI>Harman Barns</HI> the Maker upon them, together with a compleat Suit of Armor. The Committee of the Council of State &s;ent for the &s;aid <HI>Harman Barns,</HI> and upon Examination found him to have been Gun-&s;mith to Prince <HI>Rupert,</HI> and &s;o confu&s;ed in his An&s;wers, that we thought it nece&s;&s;ary to &s;ecure him and his Arms, amounting to the Number of two hun|dred Carabines, and as many pair of Pi&s;tols ready fixed, be&s;ides a great Number unfixed; tho' he had affirmed to us that he had no more than thirty pair of Pi&s;tols in his Hou&s;e. The Cavalier Party having boa&s;ted to divers Per&s;ons that Mr. <HI>How</HI> of <HI>Glocester&s;hire</HI> had given to them A&s;&s;urances of his Service; the Committee &s;ent for him to appear before them, which he did, and in his Examination acknowledged; that he had a certain number of Arms in his Hou&s;e, which he had purcha&s;ed at the time of the late
<PB N="659" REF="336"> Di&s;pute between <HI>Richard</HI>'s and the Common|wealth Party, that he might be ready to &s;erve the Publick on that occa&s;ion, if there had been any nece&s;&s;ity; and had given a&s;&s;urance to Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig</HI> and me of the &s;ame good Inten|tions. Hereupon tho' I could not but ju&s;tify the Committee in &s;ending for him, on account of the Informations we had received; yet I thought my &s;elf obliged to do him Ju&s;tice, and accordingly informed the Committee, that on the day of the Di&s;&s;olution of <HI>Richard</HI>'s Con|vention, Mr. <HI>How</HI> came to me in <HI>We&s;tmin&s;ter Hall,</HI> and a&s;&s;ured me of his Affection to the Commonwealth, and that when&s;oever I &s;hould &s;ignify to him that there was occa&s;ion for his &s;ervice; he would be ready to hazard both Life and E&s;tate in the defence of it. The Coun|cil being &s;atisfied with this Te&s;timony, gave pre&s;ent Orders for his Di&s;charge. In the mean time the <HI>Wallingford-</HI>Hou&s;e Party not forget|ting their De&s;ign, drew an Addre&s;s to the Par|liament, and pre&s;ented it by the Hands of the chief Officers of the Army, that &s;o it might either have a greater Influence upon the Hou&s;e, or, if it prevailed not there, that it might be a means to unite them all again&s;t the Parlia|ment. The principal Heads of the Addre&s;s were, that tho&s;e who had acted under the late Power might be indemnified by an Act of Parliament; that Lieutenant General <HI>Fleetwood</HI> might be appointed Commander in chief of the Army; that the Debts of the Protector might
<PB N="660" REF="337"> be &s;atisfied, and that he might have ten thou|&s;and Pounds by year added to his Revenue; that the Government of the Nation might con&s;i&s;t of a Repre&s;entative of the People, and of a &s;elect Senate; that care might be taken for the Paiment of the Army; and that Liber|ty of Con&s;cience might be &s;ecured to all &s;uch who profe&s;&s;ed Faith in Je&s;us Chri&s;t, and were not &s;candalous in their Conver&s;ation. The Parliament gave them for an&s;wer, That they would take their De&s;ires into their &s;peedy con|&s;ideration, and give them &s;atisfaction therein as far as &s;hould be po&s;&s;ible. And that for the future, no Man might have an opportunity to pack an Army to &s;erve his Ambition, as had formerly been practi&s;ed; a Bill was prepared and brought in, con&s;tituting the &s;even Per&s;ons following, <HI>viz.</HI> Lieutenant General <HI>Fleetwood,</HI> Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig,</HI> Major General <HI>Lambert,</HI> Col. <HI>Desborough,</HI> Col. <HI>Berry,</HI> Sir <HI>Henry Vane,</HI> and my &s;elf, to be Commi&s;&s;ioners for the No|mination of Officers to be pre&s;ented to the con&s;ideration and approbation of the Parlia|ment. Another Bill was brought in to con&s;ti|tute Lieut. General <HI>Fleetwood</HI> Commander in Chief, and it was re&s;olved that his Commi&s;&s;ion &s;hould continue during the pre&s;ent Se&s;&s;ion, or till the Parliament &s;hould take farther Order therein; and in &s;tead of authorizing the Lieu|tenant General to grant Commi&s;&s;ions to &s;uch Officers as &s;hould be appointed by the Parlia|ment, it was ordered that the &s;aid Commi&s;&s;i|ons
<PB N="661" REF="337"> &s;hould be &s;ub&s;cribed by the Speaker, and received from his Hands, by which it was en|deavoured to bring the Military Sword under the Power of the Civil Authority, as it ought to be in a free Nation. But ob&s;erving that the&s;e things were greatly di&s;liked by the Officers, and knowing how much it import|ed the very being of our Ca&s;e to main|tain a good Corre&s;pondence between the Par|liament and Army, I earne&s;tly pre&s;&s;ed the Hou&s;e not to in&s;i&s;t upon the Re&s;trictions be|fore-mentioned, e&s;pecially con&s;idering that they con&s;i&s;ted rather in Form than Sub&s;tance: For tho' the time of a Commi&s;&s;ion be not expre&s;ly limited; yet it can la&s;t no longer than during the plea&s;ure of tho&s;e that give it, and if it &s;hould happen to be u&s;ed to the De&s;truction of tho&s;e from whom it was received; it actu|ally puts a Period to it &s;elf. Neither could it be thought very material, whether a Com|mi&s;&s;ion was &s;igned by one Per&s;on to another, &s;o long as it was derived from the &s;ame Autho|rity. Sir <HI>Henry Vane</HI> and Major <HI>Saloway</HI> were of the &s;ame Opinion, but Sir <HI>Authur Ha&s;lerig,</HI> Col. <HI>Sidney,</HI> Mr. <HI>Nevil,</HI> and the Majority of the Hou&s;e, carried it for the &s;aid Limitations and Re&s;trictions; and many of the Hou&s;e began to entertain a hard Opinion of me on the ac|count of this Moderation, as if I had e&s;pou&s;ed the Intere&s;t of the Army again&s;t the Parlia|ment. The two Acts being pa&s;&s;ed, it was ordered that notice of them &s;hould be given
<PB N="662" REF="338"> to the Army, and that the Hou&s;e expected that the Commander in Chief, with the re&s;t of the Officers approved by the Parliament, &s;hould take their Commi&s;&s;ions from the hands of the Speaker as he &s;ate in the Chair. Hereupon a Council of Officers being &s;ummoned to Col. <HI>Desborough</HI>'s Hou&s;e to con&s;ult about this Affair, Sir <HI>Authur Ha&s;lerig</HI> de&s;ired me not to fail to meet him there. The Council being met, di|vers Officers, and e&s;pecially tho&s;e of the fir&s;t Rank, openly manife&s;ted their di&s;content a|gain&s;t the Clau&s;es before-mentioned; Major General <HI>Lambert</HI> &s;aying that they implied a Diffidence of the Army, and that they had no a&s;&s;urance that the Parliament would continue them in their Imployments, which, he &s;aid, was contrary to the Promi&s;es made to them, before the Re&s;titution of the Parliament. It was an&s;wered, that no private Per&s;ons either could, or had promi&s;ed more than to u&s;e their Endeavours in the Hou&s;e to procure certain things to be done, and that what&s;oever had been &s;o promi&s;ed by any of us, had been fully effected by the Parliament: For they had con|tinued the Commands of the Army in &s;uch Hands as had been agreed on; neither was there any colour for them to &s;u&s;pect any Inten|tion to alter the &s;ame. They were told that the Parliament could not ju&s;tly be blamed, if, they endeavoured to pre&s;erve their Authority, that had been &s;o eminently violated of late; that it was our Duty to judge favourably of
<PB N="663" REF="338"> the Actions of the Parliament, and e&s;pecially &s;ince they had given &s;uch evident Demon&s;tra|tion to the World that they de&s;igned not to perpetuate their Authority by a late Vote that had pa&s;&s;ed with the two Acts complained of, <HI>That the Parliament &s;hould be di&s;&s;olved in the Month of</HI> May <HI>next en&s;uing:</HI> Whereby they had engaged them&s;elves, as they tendered their own Pre&s;ervation, to make a &s;peedy Provi&s;ion for the &s;ettlement of the Government, and the Security of the Common Cau&s;e, in which the Officers of the Army were as much concerned as any Per&s;ons what&s;oever. We de&s;ired them to con&s;ider well of how great importance it was to the People of <HI>England</HI> to pre&s;erve a good Corre&s;|pondence between the Parliament and the Army at this time, when the Common Enemy had no hopes left but in our Divi&s;ions; that they would not gratify their Enemys; nor di&s;cou|rage their Friends, by entertaining groundle&s;s Su&s;picions and Jealou&s;ies of tho&s;e who&s;e In|tere&s;t was the &s;ame with theirs. But notwith|&s;tanding all that could be &s;aid, the Di&s;&s;atifacti|on of the chief Officers, who had another Game to play, &s;till remained, and their Confi|dence to carry all before them was &s;o great; that Col. <HI>Desbrough</HI> openly &s;aid, that he account|ed the Commi&s;&s;ion he had already, to be as good as any the Parliament could give, and that he would not take another. Yet for all this ruf|fling In&s;olence of the chief Officers of the Ar|my, who thought they could have influenced
<PB N="664" REF="339"> all the re&s;t; Col. <HI>Hacker</HI> with the Officers of his Regiment came the next Morning by the Per&s;wa&s;ions of Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig,</HI> to the Parlia|ment-Hou&s;e, and received their Commi&s;&s;ions from the Speaker according to the Directions of the Act. The next day, I was attended by the Officers of my Regiment, and we altoge|ther received our Commi&s;&s;ions in the &s;ame man|ner. The Ice being thus broke by Col. <HI>Hacker</HI> and me, the re&s;t of the Officers began to con|&s;ider better of the matter, and divers of them growing more moderate, came al&s;o, and took out their Commi&s;&s;ions. Lieutenant General <HI>Fleetwood</HI> received three Commi&s;&s;ions, where|of one was for a Regiment of Hor&s;e, another for a Regiment of Foot, and the third appoint|ing him to be Commander in Chief, with the Limitations above-mentioned, and a Clau&s;e requiring him to obey &s;uch Orders as he &s;hould receive from the Parliament, or the Council of State.</P>
<P>Mr. <HI>Richard Cromwel</HI> not removing from <HI>Whitehal,</HI> tho' he received a Me&s;&s;age to that end, Sir <HI>Henry Vane,</HI> Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig,</HI> Mr. <HI>Scot</HI> and I, according to the command we had from the Parliament; attended him there, and received for an&s;wer that he would do it with all conventient &s;peed. But the Parliament being impatient of his Delays, &s;ent the Chief Ju&s;tice St. <HI>John</HI>'s, and another Per&s;on to require him to give them a po&s;itive An&s;wer touching his Removal, which he did to their &s;atisfaction;
<PB N="665" REF="339"> declaring his Acquie&s;cence in the Providence of God, and his Re&s;olution, not only to &s;ubmit to the Authority of the Parliament, but al&s;o to u&s;e the be&s;t of his Endeavours to per&s;wade all tho&s;e in whom he had any Intere&s;t to do &s;o likewi&s;e. The Parliament having received his An&s;wer, ordered 20000 Pounds to be pre&s;ently paid him to enable him to remove, and pa&s;&s;ed a Re&s;olution to pay tho&s;e Debts, which it was &s;aid he had contracted on the Publick Account.</P>
<P>The Army in <HI>Ireland</HI> being informed that the Parliament was returned to the exer|ci&s;e of their Authority, &s;ent over Commi&s;&s;io|ners to them to propo&s;e divers things relat|ing as well to the Civil as Military Govern|ment of that Nation. The Council of State having heard their Propo&s;itions, prepared &s;uch of them as they thought rea&s;onable for the con&s;ideration of the Parliament; in particular, tho&s;e concerning the e&s;tabli&s;hment of the Ar|my in the po&s;e&s;&s;ion of tho&s;e Lands which had been a&s;&s;igned them in Paiment of their Arrears; as al&s;o to confirm the Adventurers and others in the po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ion of theirs, as far as might con|&s;i&s;t with the Rules of Ju&s;tice. Then the Par|liament proceeded to put the admini&s;tration of Affairs there, into &s;uch Hands as they could be&s;t confide in, declaring the Government &s;hould be again managed by Commi&s;&s;ioners, as it had been formerly; and having nominated the Per|&s;ons to &s;erve in that Imployment, they order|ed the Council of State to draw up In&s;tructi|ons
<PB N="666" REF="340"> for them, and to report them to the Hou&s;e, together with what&s;oever el&s;e they would think nece&s;&s;ary to be done there. They re&s;olved that Col. <HI>Henry Cromwel</HI> &s;hould be required to come over to give an account of the State of Things in <HI>Ireland,</HI> and empowered the Com|mi&s;&s;ioners, or any two of them, to take care of the Safety of that Nation till farther Order.</P>
<P>The Committee of Safety having di&s;patched a Me&s;&s;enger to our Fleet in the <HI>Sound</HI> before the Election of the Council of State, to ac|quaint them with the Re&s;titution of the Parlia|ment; the Officers of the &s;everal Ships a&s;&s;em|bled, and &s;ent an Acknowledgment of their Authority, with all po&s;&s;ible Demon&s;trations of Satisfaction. Notwith&s;tanding which, being highly &s;en&s;ible of how great Importance the Sea-Affairs are to this Nation; we ordered &s;ix Frigats to be equipped with all Diligence, and gave the Command of them to <HI>Law&s;on,</HI> making him at the &s;ame time Vice-Admiral of the Fleet. And this we did, as well to prevent an Inva&s;ion from <HI>Flanders,</HI> with which the Cava|lier Party threatned us, as to ballance the Power of <HI>Montague</HI>'s Party, who we knew was no Friend to the Commonwealth. We treated al&s;o with Myn Heer <HI>Nieuport,</HI> Amba&s;&s;ador from the States of <HI>Holland,</HI> that a good Corre|&s;pondence might be mantained between the two Commonwealths, and that an Accord might be made between the two Kings of <HI>Den|mark</HI> and <HI>Sweden,</HI> who were then Enemies, by
<PB N="667" REF="340"> the Interpo&s;ition of the two States, who agree|ing upon equitable Terms, might be able to impo&s;e them on the Refu&s;er. And this we were in hopes to accompli&s;h the rather, becau&s;e neither the Dutch nor we pretended to any more than a Freedom of pa&s;&s;ing and repa&s;&s;ing the <HI>Sound,</HI> which could not well be; if the Command of it were in the hands of either of tho&s;e Princes. The Dutch Amba&s;&s;ador &s;eemed very de&s;irous to fini&s;h the Treaty, but by &s;eve|ral Demands which he made in the behalf of their Merchants, delay'd it &s;o long, that our Agent in <HI>Holland</HI> had already concluded an Agreement with the States; whereby the two Commonwealths became engaged to compel that King, that &s;hould refu&s;e to accept of the Conditions which they thought ju&s;t and rea&s;o|nable. In order to put this Re&s;olution in exe|cution, the States of <HI>Holland</HI> appointed their Plenipotentiaries, and we on our part did the &s;ame, &s;ending thither Col. <HI>Algernon Sidney,</HI> Sir <HI>Robert Honeywood,</HI> and one Mr. <HI>Boon</HI> a Mer|chant, to that end. The Parliament having taken &s;ome mea&s;ure of Care of foreign Affairs; began to make provi&s;ion for the better executi|on of Ju&s;tice in <HI>England,</HI> and e&s;tabli&s;hed Judges i<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter"> the Upper Bench, Common Pleas, and Ex|chequer; but de&s;igning the Reformation of the Practice of the Law; they for the pre&s;ent no|minated no more than were &s;ufficient to make a <HI>Quorum</HI> in each Court. The Lord Pre&s;ident <HI>Brad&s;haw,</HI> Serjeant <HI>Fountain,</HI> and Serjeant <HI>Tyr|roll,</HI>
<PB N="668" REF="341"> were made Commi&s;&s;ioners of the Broad Seal. And that the Ju&s;tices of the Peace throughout <HI>England</HI> might be fitly qualified for that Employment, the Hou&s;e referred to the Committee of Nominations for Civil Offices, the Con&s;ideration of that Matter; but finding this Work to be full of Difficulty, and attend|ed with much Envy; the Parliament ordered the Members for each County to agree on a Li&s;t of &s;uch Per&s;ons as they &s;hould think mo&s;t proper for that Office, and to &s;et their hands to each Li&s;t. And in ca&s;e of any Difference of Opinion, the Hou&s;e, upon hearing both Par|ties, determined the Matter. Col. <HI>Zanchey,</HI> Col. <HI>Laurence,</HI> Mr. Auditor <HI>Roberts,</HI> and Major <HI>Wallis,</HI> by the Advice of Lieutenant General <HI>Fleetwood,</HI> drew up a Li&s;t of Officers for the Army in <HI>Ireland,</HI> and pre&s;ented it to the Com|mittee of Nominations, and agreed to make it their Reque&s;t, that I might be appointed Com|mander in Chief of tho&s;e Forces; whether from an Opinion that I &s;hould thereby be ren|dred le&s;s able to oppo&s;e their De&s;igns, than by continuing my Attendance in Parliament; or that none of their Grandees could be &s;pared from their Cabals at <HI>Wallingford-</HI>hou&s;e, is uncer|tain. But true it is, that no Man was le&s;s de&s;|rous than my &s;elf, that I &s;hould have that Com|mand; well knowing the Envy and Difficulties that accompanied it, and having ample Expe|rience how much ea&s;ier it was to undertake great Employments, than duly to perform the
<PB N="669" REF="341"> Functions of them. Yet finding the Officers of <HI>Ireland,</HI> the Committee of Nominations, the Council of State, and the Parliament all con|curring to de&s;ign me for that Po&s;t; I thought my &s;elf obliged in Duty to accept it: Tho' I was re&s;olved not to &s;uffer my &s;elf to be bani&s;hed thither, as I had been formerly by <HI>Oliver Crom|wel;</HI> but to return to <HI>England</HI> as &s;oon as I &s;hould have done what might be nece&s;&s;ary, for the Se|curity of that Country; to contribute my En|deavours towards the Settlement of a ju&s;t and equitable Con&s;titution of Government at home; and to prevent tho&s;e Mi&s;chiefs which I per|ceived the Ambition of the Army to be bring|ing upon us. Having opened my &s;elf freely concerning the&s;e Particulars to Sir <HI>Henry Vane,</HI> it was obtained, that the Parliament after they had voted me to be Commander in Chief of the Forces in <HI>Ireland,</HI> pa&s;&s;ed likewi&s;e an Order; That when I had put the Affairs of that Coun|try into a po&s;ture of Security, I &s;hould have Liberty to return to <HI>England.</HI> It was my De|&s;ign at the next &s;itting of the Committee of Nominations to move them to propo&s;e that Sir <HI>Henry Vane</HI> might &s;ucceed me as Colonel of that Regiment which the Parliament had en|tru&s;ted me with; that he might thereby be ena|bled to di&s;cover and prevent the ill De&s;igns of the Army. But the Prebyterian Party in the Hou&s;e, immediately after the Parliament had appointed me for the Service of <HI>Ireland,</HI> moved that Col. <HI>Herbert Morely</HI> might be made Colo|nel
<PB N="670" REF="342"> of my Regiment, and carried it. Divers Officers who had faithfully &s;erved the Com|monwealth, and among&s;t them Col. <HI>Rich,</HI> were re&s;tored to their Commands, tho' not without Difficulty: And that Major General <HI>Lambert</HI> might be altogether inexcu&s;able, if he &s;hould act again&s;t the Parliament, they granted him a Regiment of Hor&s;e and one of Foot. Then they gave Order for rai&s;ing a Troop of Hor&s;e for their own Guard, and gave the Command of it to Col. <HI>Alured,</HI> who had been a great Suf|ferer on the account of the Commonwealth, and very active for the Re&s;titution of the Par|liament. The Troop con&s;i&s;ted of about one hundred and thirty cho&s;en Men, nominated by the Committee, and approved by the Hou&s;e. Col. <HI>Alured</HI> &s;crupled to accept it, thinking it not equivalent to a Regiment of Hor&s;e which he had commanded; tho' the Pay was appoint|ed to be the &s;ame. Being in this Di&s;po&s;ition, he came to me, and having propo&s;ed his Doubts; I took the liberty to inform him, as well as I could, of the Honour and U&s;efulne&s;s of that Employment; and having a&s;&s;ured him that if it were offered to me, the Circum&s;tances of my Affairs permitting, I would prefer it before any other Command; he was contented to ac|cept it. Our Trea&s;ury was &s;o low, through the male-Admini&s;tration of the late Govern|ments, that tho' our Plenipotentiaries to the two Northern Crowns had received their In|&s;tructions; yet they were obliged to &s;tay a
<PB N="671" REF="342"> Fornight longer before they could receive the Sum of two thou&s;and Pounds which had been ordered for the Expences of their Voyage; the Taxes coming in but &s;lowly, and the City of <HI>London</HI> terrified with the Reports of an expect|ed In&s;urrection, being very backward in ad|vancing Money. Yet con&s;idering the great Importance of the Town of <HI>Dunkirk</HI> to the Trade and Navigation of <HI>England;</HI> the Parlia|ment took the fir&s;t occa&s;ion they could to &s;end one Month's Pay for the Gari&s;on there, to Col. <HI>Lockhart</HI> Governour of that Place, with In|&s;tructions to go on with the Fortifications, and to have a vigilant Eye as well upon the French as the Spaniard. They ordered him to draw the Regiments that had been lent to the King of <HI>France</HI> as near <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters"> the Town as he could, being under &s;ome fears that they might be either de|tained by the French, or ob&s;tructed in their Return by the Spani&s;h Forces. And having re|ceived Information that the Treaty between tho&s;e two Nations went pro&s;perou&s;ly on; they gave him Commi&s;&s;ion, when he had provided for the Security of <HI>Dunkirk,</HI> to go to the French Court as Agent from the Parliament; and if he found Encouragement from Cardinal <HI>Maza|rin;</HI> to take upon him the Title and Character of Amba&s;&s;ador, and then to repair to the Place where the Treaty was carrying on between the two Crowns. Col. <HI>Lockhart,</HI> according to his In&s;tructions, having put all things into a good Condition at <HI>Dunkirk,</HI> and drawn the Engli&s;h
<PB N="672" REF="343"> Regiments out of the French Quarters, de|parted for <HI>Paris,</HI> and being atrived, was very well received by the Cardinal, and from thence went to St. <HI>John de Luz,</HI> which was the Place of the Treaty. In the mean time the Parlia|ment being very de&s;irous to re&s;tore the Trade with <HI>Spain</HI> to this Nation, and being informed from <HI>Flanders,</HI> that the Spani&s;h Mini&s;ters were willing to come to an Accommodation with us; cau&s;ed divers Subjects of <HI>Spain,</HI> whom <HI>Crom|wel</HI> had made Pri&s;oners, to be relea&s;ed, and would not &s;uffer any Act of Ho&s;tility to be u|&s;ed again&s;t tho&s;e of that Nation.</P>
<P>The Act of Indemnity had been read twice, and the Hou&s;e was as de&s;irous to di&s;patch it as their Affairs would permit; yet the nece&s;&s;ary time &s;pent in the Debate a<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters"> Con&s;ideration of it, was made great u&s;e of to incen&s;e the Army again&s;t the Parliament: Divers warm Motions were made for excepting &s;ome Per&s;ons from the benefit of it, who had gotten great E&s;tates by their compliance with the U&s;urpation of <HI>Oliver Cromwel,</HI> and abetting the advancement of his Son, and al&s;o to except tho&s;e who had &s;o<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters"> Places, and received Money for them; but the Chief Ju&s;tice St. <HI>John</HI>'s had &s;uch an Influence upon the Hou&s;e; that he procured a Clau&s;e to be in&s;erted in the Bill to indemnify him for &s;uch Offices, as he had &s;old in <HI>Cromwel</HI>'s time; which Partiality I appeared again&s;t &s;o earne&s;tly, that I made him thereby my declared Enemy, tho' I never had expected any &s;incere Friend&s;hip
<PB N="673" REF="343"> from him, becau&s;e he knew me to be zea|lous for the Regulation of the Practice of the Law, and him&s;elf an Ob&s;tructer of all Endea|vours to that end. The two Commi&s;&s;ions of Major General <HI>Lambert</HI> being prepared and &s;igned by the Speaker, he attended at the Door of the Hou&s;e in order to receive them; and being admitted, he was informed by the Spea|ker, That the Parliament having a good opini|on of his Abilities and Fidelity, had intru&s;ted him with the Command of one Regiment of Hor&s;e and one of Foot, for which he then by their Order delivered the Commi&s;&s;ions to him. The Major General an&s;wered, That as his own Inclination and Intere&s;t led him to pro|mote the Service of the Parliament, &s;o the Obligation they laid on him by &s;o great a Tru&s;t &s;hould doubly excite him to Fidelity and O|bedience to their Commands. And I hope he t<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="3 letters"> intended what he promi&s;ed, tho' he after|wards proved an In&s;trument of much Di&s;or|d<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters"> and Confu&s;ion among&s;t us. Mr <HI>Henry N<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters">il,</HI> a Per&s;on of &s;ingular Affection to the Commonwealth, moved the Hou&s;e that Lieu|<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="MURP" EXTENT="4 letters"> General <HI>Fleetwood</HI> might be made Ran|g<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters"> of St. <HI>James</HI>'s Park, and this he did that <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters"> occa&s;ion obliging the Army might be o|<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="MURP" EXTENT="4 letters">ed; which Motion was readily con&s;ented <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 word"> by the Parliament: And indeed the Lieute|nant General, had he not been too much influ|enced by his Wife's Relations, who pretending that he had injured his Brother-in-Law by con|tributing
<PB N="674" REF="344"> to lay him a&s;ide, continually pre&s;&s;ed him to irregular Proceedings, in order to make him &s;ome &s;atisfaction, might have proved a Per&s;on as fit to command the Forces in Chief, as the Parliament could have cho&s;en: Tho' I am not able to &s;ee how he could have &s;erved him better, unle&s;s peradventure by not con&s;enting to his Advancement to the Protector|&s;hip, than to procure him to be removed with &s;o little Detriment to him&s;elf and Reflection on his Family; con&s;idering how great a Tru&s;t his Father had betrayed, what Di&s;honour he had brought on the Nation, what Hard&s;hips he had put upon many good Men, to the hazard of that ju&s;t Cau&s;e which had co&s;t &s;o much Blood and Trea&s;ure of the People.</P>
<P>At this time the Opinions of Men were much divided concerning a Form of Government to be e&s;tabli&s;hed among us. The great Officers of the Army, as <HI>I</HI> &s;aid before, were for a &s;e|lect &s;tanding Senate to be joyned to the Repre|&s;entative of the People. Others laboured to have the Supreme Authority to con&s;i&s;t of an A&s;&s;embly cho&s;en by the People, and a Coun|cil of State cho&s;en by that A&s;&s;embly to be ve&s;ted with the Executive Power, and account|able to that which &s;hould next &s;ucceed, at which time the Power of the &s;aid Cou<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="MURP" EXTENT="4 letters"> &s;hould determine. Some were de&s;irous to have a Repre&s;entative of the People con&s;tantly &s;it|ting, but changed by a perpetual Rotation. Others propo&s;ed that there might be joined to
<PB N="675" REF="344"> the Popular A&s;&s;embly, a &s;elect Number of Men in the nature of the Lacedemonian <HI>Ephori,</HI> who &s;hould have a Negative in things, where|in the E&s;&s;entials of the Government &s;hould be concerned, &s;uch as the Exclu&s;ion of a &s;ingle Per&s;on, touching Liberty of Con&s;cience, Al|teration of the Con&s;titution, and other things of the la&s;t Importance to the State. Some were of opinion, that it would be mo&s;t condu|cing to the Publick Happine&s;s, if there might be two Councils cho&s;en by the People, the one to con&s;i&s;t of about three hundred, and to have the Power only of debating and propo&s;ing Laws; the other to be in number about one <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters">ou&s;and, and to have the Power finally to re|<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">olve and determine: Every Year a third part <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 span"> each Council to go out, and others to be <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters">o&s;en in their places. For my own part if I may be permitted to declare my Opinion, I <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">ould willingly have approved either of the <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 span"> latter Propo&s;itions; pre&s;uming them to be <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 span"> likely to pre&s;erve our ju&s;t Liberties, and to <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="MURP" EXTENT="3 letters">der us a happy People.</P>
<P>Some Members of the Council of State pro|<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">o&s;ed at the Board, that the Parliament &s;hould <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">e moved to appoint twenty of their own Num|ber, and ten of the Principal Officers of the <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">rmy to con&s;ider of a Form of Government to be reported to the Parliament; and if they &s;hould approve it, that then the whole Army &s;hould be drawn out and declare their Con|&s;ent to it: which Propo&s;ition, tho' it &s;eemed
<PB N="676" REF="345"> then to find a general Approbation, yet pro|ved abortive, and the Parliament them&s;elves pa&s;&s;ed a Re&s;olution that on every Wedne&s;day the Hou&s;e &s;hould go into a grand Committee to con&s;ider of that matter.</P>
<P>In the Act of Indemnity a Clau&s;e had been in&s;erted to re&s;train the Favour of the Parliament in regard of tho&s;e who under the U&s;urpation had received exorbitant and double Salaries, to the great di&s;content of divers con&s;iderable Per&s;ons, who feared they might be concerned in it. In particular, Major General <HI>Lambert</HI> meeting me the next Morning after the Act was pa<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters">ed, mo&s;t bitterly exclaimed again&s;t i<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">, &s;aying among&s;t other things, that tho' there was no Security given by the Act to indemnity them for what they had done, yet the Parlia|ment had taken care to make them liable to be que&s;tioned for what&s;oever they had received. To which I an&s;wered, that in my opinion, all the Souldiers were indemnified for what they had received, and that if the Parliament &s;hould ever make u&s;e of that Clau&s;e, it would only be again&s;t tho&s;e who had enriched them&s;elves by the Ruin of the Commonwealth, and had oppo&s;ed <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters">e Return of the Parliament to the exerci&s;e or their Authority; that I per&s;waded my &s;elf he could not think that &s;uch a &s;ort of Men de&s;erved the <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="MURP" EXTENT="3 letters">our and Con&s;ideration of the Pa<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="MURP" EXTENT="5 letters">ent equa<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="MURP" EXTENT="3 letters"> with tho&s;e who had contribu<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="MURP" EXTENT="2 letters">d toward<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter"> their Re&s;titution. Ha|ving &s;aid this, Sir <HI>Arthur <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="MURP" EXTENT="4 letters">erig</HI> joined us
<PB N="677" REF="345"> and the Conver&s;ation continuing on the &s;ame Subject, Sir <HI>Arthur</HI> affirmed, That the Act was as full and comprehen&s;ive as could ju&s;tly be de&s;ired; but the Major General &s;aid that it &s;ignified nothing, and that it left them &s;till at Mercy. You are, &s;aid Sir <HI>Arthur,</HI> only at the Mercy of the Parliament, who are your good Friends. I know not, &s;aid <HI>Lambert,</HI> why they &s;hould not be put at our Mercy as well we at theirs. The&s;e Words, as they &s;ounded very har&s;h to my Ears, &s;o they did confirm me in the &s;u&s;picion I had of the De&s;ign that was then on foot: and tho' Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig</HI> contented him&s;elf only to &s;hake his Head, becau&s;e divers Officers were there pre&s;ent; yet meeting me t<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters"> next Morning in the Speaker's Chamber, <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters"> told me, that if the two Regiments had not b<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="3 letters"> already given to Major General <HI>Lambert,</HI> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters"> &s;hould never have them with his con&s;ent.</P>
<P>The Order requiring Col. <HI>Cromwel</HI> to come over from <HI>Ireland,</HI> and to give an account of <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="MURP" EXTENT="4 letters">irs there, being &s;ignified to him, he retired <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="MURP" EXTENT="1 word"> Hou&s;e called <HI>the Phenix,</HI> belonging to the <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">hief Governour of <HI>Ireland,</HI> leaving Col. <HI>Tho|<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="3 letters"> Long</HI> in the Ca&s;tle of <HI>Dublin;</HI> whether with an intention of keeping it, I am not a&s;|&s;<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters">ed: But the Commi&s;&s;ioners &s;u&s;pecting the wor&s;t, and being very de&s;irous to be po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ed of it, imployed Sir <HI>Hardre&s;s Waller</HI> to &s;urprize the Place, who finding the Power of Col. <HI>Crom|wel</HI> to decline, and that of the Parliament to increa&s;e, was very willing to attempt it, and
<PB N="678" REF="346"> being ready to enter by a Po&s;tern into the Ca&s;tle, the Place was immediately &s;urrendred to him. Col. <HI>Cromwel</HI> perceiving it to be to no purpo&s;e to &s;tay longer in <HI>Ireland,</HI> departed for <HI>London,</HI> and being arrived, acquainted me with the time that he de&s;igned to attend the Council of State, and de&s;ired me that I would be pre&s;ent; but I could not, For the Hou&s;e of <HI>Hampton-Court</HI> having been ordered to be &s;old that day, which Place I thought very conveni|ent for the Retirement of tho&s;e that were em|ployed in Publick Affairs, when they &s;hould be indi&s;po&s;ed, in the Summer-Sea&s;on; I re&s;ol|ved to endeavour to prevent the Sale of it, and accordingly procured a Motion to be made at the &s;itting down of the Hou&s;e to that end, which took effect as I de&s;ired. For this I was very much blamed by my good Friend Sir <HI>Hen|ry Vane,</HI> as a thing which was contrary to the Intere&s;t of a Common-wealth: He &s;aid that &s;uch Places might ju&s;tly be accounted among&s;t tho&s;e things that prove Temptations to Ambiti|ous Men, and exceedingly tend to &s;harpen their Appetite to a&s;cend the Throne. But for my own part, as I was free from any &s;ini&s;ter De|&s;ign in this Action; &s;o I was of opinion, that the Temptation of Soveragin Power would prove a far &s;tronger motive to a&s;pire by the Sword to gain the Scepter, which when once attained, would &s;oon be made u&s;e of to force the People to &s;upply the Want of &s;uch an Ac|commodation. Col. <HI>Henry Martin</HI> moved at the
<PB N="679" REF="346"> &s;ame time that the Chappel belonging to <HI>Somer|&s;et-hou&s;e</HI> might not be &s;old, becau&s;e it was the Place of Meeting for the French Church, and this Reque&s;t was al&s;o granted; but the Hou&s;e it &s;elf was &s;old for the Sum of ten thou&s;and Pounds. Then it was moved that <HI>Whitehal</HI> might be al&s;o &s;old, and it was &s;aid that three|&s;core thou&s;and Pounds might be had for it, in order to erect new Buildings on the Ground where it &s;tands, but nothing was done farther in this matter.</P>
<P>And now I began to think it time to ha&s;ten my Journey to <HI>Ireland,</HI> where my Station was a&s;&s;igned to me for &s;ome time; and in order to my Departure, I received four Commi&s;&s;ions from the hands of the Speaker, as the Parlia|ment had directed. By the fir&s;t I was appoint|ed Commander in Chief of all the Forces in <HI>Ireland;</HI> the &s;econd was for a Regiment of Hor&s;e; the third was for a Regiment of Foot, and by the fourth I was made Lieutenant Ge|neral of the Hor&s;e. Which la&s;t Commi&s;&s;ion being read before the Committee of Nomina|tions by Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig,</HI> who in this whole Affair of regulating the Army had &s;erved the Parliament for Secretary without any Salary; Col. <HI>Desborough</HI> de&s;ired that it might be ex|plained how far it &s;hould extend, &s;u&s;pecting that it might intrench upon the Command of the Hor&s;e in <HI>England</HI> and <HI>Scotland,</HI> which &s;ome thought he de&s;igned for him&s;elf. But Sir <HI>Ar|thur Ha&s;lerig</HI> declined to give him any other
<PB N="680" REF="347"> An&s;wer than that it was well enough. In this Commi&s;&s;ion a Clau&s;e was in&s;erted, which had been omitted in the other three, becau&s;e not thought of before, requiring me to obey not only &s;uch Orders as I &s;hould receive from the Parliament and Council of State, but al&s;o all &s;uch as &s;hould be &s;ignified to me from time to time from the Commi&s;&s;ioners of the Parlia|ment for the Affairs of <HI>Ireland.</HI> This I was &s;o far from di&s;liking, that I procured another Order to be made, that the Pay of the Army &s;hould be i&s;&s;ued out by the Commi&s;&s;ioners, and that no Moncy, except only for Con|tingencies, &s;hould be i&s;&s;ued out by the Com|mander in Chief. Having prepared my &s;elf for my Journey, I took leave of the principal Officers of the Army, and on that occa&s;ion mo&s;t earne&s;tly reque&s;ted of Lieutenant Gene|ral <HI>Fleetwood,</HI> Major General <HI>Lambert,</HI> Col. <HI>Desborough,</HI> Col. <HI>Sydenham,</HI> Col. <HI>Berry</HI> and o|thers, that as they valued the good of the Pub|lick and their own Safety, they would be care|ful not to violate the Authority of the Parlia|ment, who I per&s;waded my &s;elf were more ready to do any thing that might tend to the Pre&s;ervations of our Liberties than we were to ask it: And at my parting with Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;terig,</HI> Sir <HI>Henry Vane,</HI> Mr. <HI>Henry Nevil,</HI> Mr. <HI>Scot,</HI> Major <HI>Saloway,</HI> and the re&s;t of my good Friends that were Members of the Par|liament; I took the liberty to beg of them not to put any unnece&s;&s;ary Hard&s;hips upon tho&s;e
<PB N="681" REF="347"> of the Army, but rather to gratify them in what&s;oever they could, that if after all the Conde&s;cen&s;ions and Favours of the Parliament to them, they &s;hould be &s;o unju&s;t and ungrate|ful to offer Violence to the Hou&s;e, they might be left inexcu&s;able in the &s;ight of God and Men. <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="MURP" EXTENT="1 word"> Being on my way to take Shipping for <HI>Ire|land,</HI> accompanied by Col. <HI>John Jones,</HI> and be|ing come as far as <HI>Whitchurch,</HI> one Capt. <HI>Whet|way</HI> of <HI>Che&s;ter</HI> met us there, and informed us of a De&s;ign to ri&s;e in and about that Country by the Presbyterian and Cavalier Parties in con|junction; who gave out that Sir <HI>George Booth,</HI> the Earl of <HI>Darby,</HI> the Lord <HI>Cherbury,</HI> and o|ther Per&s;ons of Quality and E&s;tate were con|cerned with them. We, according to our Du|ty, immediately gave an account of what we had heard to the Council of State, and de&s;ired them to inquire into the matter. Then we proceeded in our Journey, and being arrived at <HI>Holy-head,</HI> we found a &s;mall Ve&s;&s;el carrying about ten Guns, &s;ent thither by the Commi&s;&s;io|ners of the Parliament to tran&s;port us to <HI>Ire|land,</HI> they having at that time no Ship of greater Force on that Coa&s;t. Here we met my Cou&s;in <HI>Roger Ludlow,</HI> who was then new|ly landed from <HI>Ireland,</HI> but finding us ready to &s;et &s;ail, he returned thither with us. At our Arrival within the Bar of <HI>Dublin,</HI> we found Mr. <HI>Ju&s;tice Cook</HI> and my Brother-in-law attend|ing with their Coaches; by which means we had an Opportunity to go that Evening to my
<PB N="682" REF="348"> Hou&s;e at <HI>Monckton.</HI> The next Morning be|fore I could get out, the Major and Aldermen of <HI>Dublin</HI> came to welcome me into the Coun|try, and to pay the u&s;ual Civilities. And at the <HI>Rings-end</HI> I found the Guard that had for|merly attended Col. <HI>Cromwel,</HI> drawn up by the Order of Sir <HI>Hardre&s;s Waller,</HI> with Col. <HI>Theo|philus Jones</HI> at the Head of them, all of them expre&s;&s;ing their Readine&s;s to &s;erve me, and &s;o accompaned me to the City. Being arrived at <HI>Dublin,</HI> I went immediately to wait on the Commi&s;&s;ioners of Parliament who were then &s;itting, and had been debating touching the manner of their Deportment towards me, the Re&s;ult of which they informed me was, That each of them &s;hould &s;ucce&s;&s;ively take the Chair for one Month; that they would de&s;ire me to give them my A&s;&s;i&s;tance when the Affairs of the Army would permit; that I &s;hould fit with them when they &s;at as Commi&s;&s;ioners, in the next Place to the Chair-man; and that in all other Places I &s;hould have the Precedency. I returned them my Thanks for the Honour they did me, and earne&s;tly de&s;ired to be ex|cu&s;ed in the la&s;t Particular, having always de|clared it to be my Opinion; that the Military ought to &s;ubmit to the Civil Power. But they told me, that &s;ince it had been &s;o re&s;olved, they would not permit me to &s;peak any more about it. Then I delivered to them a Warrant from the Council of State, authorizing Mr. <HI>Blackwel</HI> and Mr. <HI>Standi&s;h</HI> the Deputy Trea|&s;urers
<PB N="683" REF="348"> for <HI>Ireland,</HI> to charge by Bill of Exchange or otherwi&s;e the Trea&s;urers of War in <HI>England</HI> with thirty thou&s;and Pounds for the Service of <HI>Ireland.</HI> Which having done, I went into ano|ther Room, where the Officers of the Army were appointed to be, and gave them an ac|count of the Return of the Parliament to the Exerci&s;e of their Authority; by who&s;e Wi&s;dom and Ju&s;tice &s;o many things had been formerly done for the Advantage and Glory of the Eng|li&s;h Nation; and by who&s;e Care and good Oe|conomy they them&s;elves had been provided for, in &s;uch a manner as had never been practi&s;ed in later times, nor indeed could rea&s;onably be ex|pected from any other Per&s;ons than from tho&s;e, who as they are called the Fathers of the Coun|try, &s;o they have the Tenderne&s;s and Affection of Parents for all tho&s;e who take care to de&s;erve their Kindne&s;s and Protection. I a&s;&s;ured them of their good Intentions for the Publick Happi|ne&s;s, and to them in particular: And that as they were pa&s;&s;ing an Act to &s;ecure to the Sol|diers the Po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ions of tho&s;e Lands that had been a&s;&s;igned to them for their Arrears, &s;o they would take care to cau&s;e their Armies to be con&s;tantly paid for the future: That the Par|liament them&s;elves had appointed &s;uch Officers to be placed over them, as had given Demon|&s;tration of their Affections to the Publick in the late times of Defection. I al&s;o informed them that the Parliament had done me the Honour to appoint me to be Commander in Chief of
<PB N="684" REF="349"> their Forces in <HI>Ireland,</HI> as they might more fully under&s;tand by the Commi&s;&s;ion it &s;elf, which I then ordered to be read in their Pre|&s;ence: and that done, I proceeded to tell them, that being &s;en&s;ible of my own Imperfections, and the great Weight and Importance of my pre&s;ent Employment, I had neither directly nor indirectly endeavoured to obtain it; but con&s;idering that my Superiors by virtue of their Authority, at the De&s;ire of divers Officers commi&s;&s;ionated by this Army, had called me to the Exerci&s;e of it, I was re&s;olved to endea|vour faithfully to di&s;charge the Duty of my Station, and to adventure the utmo&s;t Hazards for the Publick Good, wherein I doubted not of their cheerful and ready A&s;&s;i&s;tance. The Officers &s;eeming well &s;atisfied with what I had &s;aid, I di&s;mi&s;&s;ed them for that time.</P>
<P>Soon after my coming to <HI>Dublin</HI> we received Advice by a Me&s;&s;age from <HI>England,</HI> of an In|&s;urrection again&s;t the Parliament under Sir <HI>George Booth,</HI> and that <HI>Che&s;ter</HI> was &s;eized for the King. Upon which I cau&s;ed the Officers to meet, and taking into our Con&s;ideration how we might be&s;t pre&s;erve the Peace of <HI>Ireland,</HI> and prevent the like Mi&s;chiefs there, we im|mediately di&s;patched as many Officers as could be &s;pared to their re&s;pective Charges. And becau&s;e we were under the greate&s;t Apprehen|&s;ions for the Northern Parts, where the Scots and other di&s;affected Per&s;ons were in great Numbers, we &s;ent Major <HI>Dean,</HI> an active and
<PB N="685" REF="349"> good Officer, to command &s;ome Troops of Hor&s;e&punc; that were in tho&s;e Parts. We re&s;olved al&s;o to &s;end for the Lord <HI>Broghil,</HI> with Major <HI>Warden</HI> and Major <HI>Pourden,</HI> two of his Offi|cers, and to require them to give Satisfaction touching their Acquie&s;cence under the pre&s;ent Government. And that I might contribute what I could towards quenching that Fire that had broken out in <HI>England,</HI> having received In|formation in my late Journey through part of <HI>Wales,</HI> that the &s;mall Gari&s;ons of <HI>Denbigh, Beau|maris, Carnarvan,</HI> and <HI>Holyhead,</HI> were under|mann'd, I &s;ent over one hundred Foot to be di&s;tributed among&s;t them. Which &s;mall Sup|<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="3 letters"> came &s;o &s;ea&s;onable, that it not only pre|<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters">nted the Enemy from ri&s;ing in tho&s;e Parts; <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">ut enabled the Governours of tho&s;e Forts to <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="MURP" EXTENT="1 word"> out Parties to bring in Provi&s;ions for the Garri&s;ons, of which they &s;tood in great need. <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters">l. <HI>Edmond Temple</HI> being at <HI>Che&s;ter</HI> when the <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="3 letters">urrection began in tho&s;e Parts, was &s;eized by the Rebels, and carried before Sir <HI>George Booth,</HI> who finding that he was going to em|bar<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter"> for <HI>Ireland,</HI> permitted him to proceed in <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 word"> Voyage. At his Arrival he gave us an ac|count that Col. <HI>Croxton</HI> who was Governour of <HI>Che&s;ter</HI> finding it in vain to endeavour to keep the Town, had made u&s;e of the time he had to provide all things nece&s;&s;ary to maintain the Ca&s;tle till Relief could be &s;ent. He acquainted <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="MURP" EXTENT="1 word"> al&s;o, that three or four hundred of the Ene|mies Hor&s;e had marched into the Town of
<PB N="686" REF="350"> <HI>Che&s;ter;</HI> that Sir <HI>George Booth</HI> was their Com|mander in Chief, and that the principal Per&s;ons who had engaged with them were, the Earl of <HI>Darby,</HI> the Lord <HI>Herbert</HI> of <HI>Cherbury,</HI> Mr. <HI>Lee</HI> of <HI>Limehou&s;e,</HI> and Capt. <HI>Morgan.</HI> He added, that being asked by Sir <HI>George Booth,</HI> if he had not heard of any Ri&s;ing in other Parts, and having informed him that he had found all quiet on the Road from <HI>London,</HI> Sir <HI>George</HI> &s;eemed much &s;urprized and di&s;couraged, &s;aying, that other Promi&s;es had been made to him.</P>
<P>By the next account we received from <HI>Eng|land,</HI> we had notice that a Party of Hor&s;e had appeared in <HI>D<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters">by&s;hire,</HI> tho' by the Vigilance and Courage of <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 word"> Friends in that County, they were &s;peedily di&s;per&s;ed or taken&punc; We were likewi&s;e informed tha<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter"> the Earl of <HI>Sta<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">|ford</HI> had been at the Head of a Party, accord|ing to a Promi&s;e he had made to Sir <HI>George Booth;</HI> but finding them not con&s;iderable he had either &s;urrendred him&s;elf or been &s;eized without any Oppo&s;ition. In <HI>Stafford&s;hire,</HI> from whence the Enemy expected <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="MURP" EXTENT="2 letters">at A&s;&s;i&s;tance their De&s;igns were prevented by the Diligence of Col. <HI>Crompton</HI> and Capt. <HI>Batthur&s;<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters">,</HI> who had &s;ecured the principal Per&s;ons that were &s;u&s;|pected in that County. Col. <HI>Ma&s;&s;ey</HI> was &s;eized at a Gentleman's Hou&s;e in <HI>Gloce&s;ter&s;hire,</HI> with &s;ome Ammunition; and by that means their De&s;igns in the We&s;t were di&s;appointed. And tho' there appeared about three&s;core Hor&s;e with one <HI>Ba&s;&s;et</HI> near <HI>Bathe,</HI> and about the &s;ame
<PB N="687" REF="350"> Number near <HI>Malmesbury;</HI> yet wanting the Colonel to head them, and being informed of the March of the County-Troop again&s;t them, they di&s;per&s;ed them&s;elves. Some of the&s;e, with others from the Borders of <HI>Hamp&s;hire,</HI> went and joined the Body that was commanded by Sir <HI>George Booth.</HI> Sir <HI>Thomas Middleton,</HI> who had made me a Vi&s;it when I was going to <HI>Ireland,</HI> and had a&s;&s;ured me of his Re&s;olution to continue &s;tedfa&s;t in the Intere&s;t of the Com|monwealth, did, either through Dotage, be|ing almo&s;t four&s;core Years of Age, or through the Importunity of others, or the natural De|pravity of his own Heart, appear at the Head or the Cavalier Party at <HI>Wrexham,</HI> and there waving his Sword about his Head, cau&s;ed <HI>Charles Stuart</HI> to be proclaimed King in the Market-Place. Which encouraged the Enemy &s;o much, that they immediately &s;ent out a Par|ty to po&s;&s;e&s;s them&s;elves of <HI>Shrewsbury;</HI> but tho' the Male-contents were very numerous in that Town, and ready to join with them, yet Capt. <HI>Waring</HI> with the Militia-Troop, in conjunction with many well-affected Per&s;ons that went to him from <HI>Wrexham,</HI> and &s;ome others which he got together on a &s;udden, prevented their De|&s;ign, and &s;ecured that Place for the Parliament. This was a great Di&s;appointment to the Ene|my, not only becau&s;e it kept their Friends in tho&s;e Parts from ri&s;ing, but in a great mea&s;ure ob&s;tructed their Corre&s;pondence with the We&s;tern Counties. However it being reported
<PB N="688" REF="351"> that <HI>Coventry</HI> had declared for them, they re|ceived fre&s;h Incouragement, and hoped that it might prove an occa&s;ion to divert the <HI>London</HI> Forces from advancing towards them, and were not without expectations of a Party to appear for them in or about <HI>London.</HI> Neither were their hopes in this particular without Foundation: For the Presbyterian Party did &s;o greatly favour this abominable De&s;ign, where|in the whole Popi&s;h Party was likewi&s;e en|gaged, that many of them, tho' they could not be drawn to join in the dangerous part of acting again&s;t the Parliament, yet openly denied their A&s;&s;i&s;tance to &s;uppre&s;s the Enemy. Of this &s;ort was Col. <HI>Fotherby</HI> who commanded the Forces in the County of <HI>Warwick,</HI> and had faithfully &s;erved the Parliament to this time, yet now re|fu&s;ed to act for them. So that old Colonel <HI>Purefoy,</HI> who had one Foot in the Grave, was obliged to undertake that Employment in tho&s;e Parts, wherein he u&s;ed &s;uch Diligence, and &s;ucceeded &s;o well, that he kept the City of <HI>Coventry</HI> and the adjacent Country in the Obe|dience of the Parliament. And tho' the Con|tagion had infected many within the City of <HI>London,</HI> yet the Vigilance and Diligence of the Parliament prevented it from manife&s;ting it &s;elf in an open Revolt, by a timely &s;eizing or fright|ing away &s;uch as were mo&s;t dangerous to the Publick Peace. The Me&s;&s;enger that had been &s;ent to <HI>Ireland</HI> from the Council of State, brought Orders to me for one thou&s;and Foot
<PB N="689" REF="351"> and five hundred Hor&s;e, to be &s;ent to their A&s;|&s;i&s;tance in <HI>England.</HI> And tho', con&s;idering the Po&s;ture of our Affairs, the Su&s;picion we had of the <HI>Scots,</HI> the Number of the <HI>Iri&s;h,</HI> and that Spirit of Revenge they were po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ed with, together with the Condition of our own Forces, who had been debauching for &s;ome Years from the Intere&s;t of the Commonwealth, we &s;eemed rather to &s;tand in need of Relief from <HI>England,</HI> than to be in a Capacity of &s;ending any thither; yet having received &s;uch Orders from our Supe|riours, we thought it our Duty to obey them. And therefore by the Advice of the Field-Offi|cers, it was re&s;olved to draw together tho&s;e Forces that lay mo&s;t convenient for Tran&s;por|tation; and that the Publick Service might not &s;uffer by any Delay that could be avoided, the Commi&s;&s;ioners of Parliament cau&s;ed an Em|bargo to be laid upon all the Ve&s;&s;els then in the Harbour. Lieutenant-General <HI>Fleetwood</HI> having in a Letter to me, de&s;ired, that Colonel <HI>Zanchey</HI> might command the Forces to be &s;ent from <HI>Ire|land,</HI> I readily con&s;ented to it, having no Su|&s;picion of any De&s;ign concealed under that Re|que&s;t; and being informed by Colonel <HI>Axtel,</HI> that he al&s;o had &s;ome important Affairs in <HI>England,</HI> which he had left un&s;ettled; I appointed him to command the Foot. Lieutenant-Colonel <HI>Walker,</HI> Major <HI>Rawlins,</HI> Major <HI>Bolton,</HI> and Major <HI>God|frey,</HI> were the re&s;t of the Field-Officers. I or|dered, that the Party to be tran&s;ported to <HI>Eng|land,</HI> &s;hould be drawn to <HI>Dublin;</HI> and as &s;oon
<PB N="690" REF="352"> as a con&s;iderable Number of them were arrived there, Orders were di&s;patched for their Tran|&s;portation, on a&s;&s;urance that the &s;peedy Landing of our Forces from <HI>Ireland,</HI> would tend to the Di&s;couragement of our Enemies, and great En|couragement of our Friends. Having drawn the fir&s;t Party, which was to be imbarked, to the Water-&s;ide, con&s;i&s;ting of about four hun|dred, we cau&s;ed two Months Pay to be ad|vanced to them; one to enable them to pay their Debts in <HI>Ireland;</HI> the other was put into the hands of Lieutenant-Colonel <HI>Walker,</HI> who commanded them, to be delivered to them as &s;oon as they &s;hould arrive in <HI>England.</HI> The Officers, and Souldiers, undertook the Service with all imaginable Cheerfulne&s;s; and one of the Ve&s;&s;els that was appointed to carry Captain <HI>Jacomb,</HI> and his Company, not being able to ap|proach &s;o near the Shoar, as to make it conve|nient for the Souldiers to embark, the Captain put him&s;elf into the Water, which his Men &s;eeing, they &s;oon followed his Example, and all together, with the Sea almo&s;t up to the Shoul|ders, marched through to the Ship. They had a very favourable Pa&s;&s;age, and landed &s;ea&s;ona|bly in <HI>England:</HI> For it happened, that the Third Day after their Arrival, Lieutenant Colonel <HI>Walker</HI> took up his Quarters at a Town in <HI>Car|narvan-&s;hire,</HI> where many di&s;affected Gentle|men, and others, of tho&s;e Parts, had appointed to Rendezvous the next Day: But fearing he might ruine th<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter"> Country, if they appeared in
<PB N="691" REF="352"> Arms, they quitted their De&s;ign, and kept them|&s;elves at home.</P>
<P>The Parliament, though they had re&s;olved to &s;end &s;ome Forces again&s;t Sir <HI>George Booth,</HI> yet they were doubtful to whom they &s;hould com|mit that Province. And whil&s;t that Matter was under their Con&s;ideration, &s;ome Per&s;ons of the King's Party, addre&s;&s;ed them&s;elves to the Wife of Colonel <HI>Lambert,</HI> endeavouring to per|&s;wade her, to &s;olicite her Husband, to be the In|&s;trument of the King's Return, with large Offers of what&s;oever Terms he would de|mand. She acquainted the Colonel with their Propo&s;itions; but he having re&s;olved to play another part, di&s;covered the whole Intrigue to Sir <HI>Henry Vane;</HI> who having communicated it to Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig,</HI> and knowing there had been &s;ome late Differences between the Colonel, and Sir <HI>Arthur,</HI> he per&s;waded them to renew their former Friend&s;hip, with Promi&s;es on each part, to unite their Endeavours in the Service of the Parliament. By this means chiefly it was, that Colonel <HI>Lambert</HI> was &s;oon after appointed to Command tho&s;e Forces, that were de&s;igned to &s;uppre&s;s the In&s;urrection in <HI>Che&s;hire.</HI> In this Conjuncture, the Parliament &s;ent an Order to Colonel <HI>Monk,</HI> who then commanded their For|ces in <HI>Scotland,</HI> to &s;end them two Regiments of Foot, and two of Hor&s;e; but he excu&s;ed him&s;elf, under colour of the Enemies Strength, and In|clination to revolt, tho' there were not wanting &s;ome, who then thought, that his Engagements
<PB N="692" REF="353"> with the Common Enemy, were the true Rea&s;ons of that Refu&s;al. And it is certain, that a Gentle|man from the King had been with him; and tho' what pa&s;&s;ed between them was not made publick, yet &s;ince he did not &s;eize him, as it was his Duty, but permitted him to return &s;afely from whence he came, he may ju&s;tly be &s;u&s;pected even then to have betrayed tho&s;e whom he pretended to &s;erve. The &s;econd Party I &s;ent for <HI>England,</HI> was com|manded by Colonel <HI>Axtel;</HI> and the third by Colonel <HI>Zanchey,</HI> to whom I gave al&s;o a Com|mi&s;&s;ion to command the whole Brigade of Hor&s;e and Foot, requiring him to take all Advantages again&s;t the Enemy, to relieve our Friends, and to obey all &s;uch Orders as he &s;hould from time to time receive from the Parliament, the Council of State, Colonel <HI>Lambert,</HI> or me. Thus the whole Number of the Forces demanded by the Parlia|ment was &s;hipped off within ten Days after I had received their Order, tho' &s;ome of them were quartered at a great di&s;tance from <HI>Dublin;</HI> and both Hor&s;e and Foot landed very &s;ea&s;onably in <HI>England,</HI> tho' not without a &s;ad Lo&s;s: For the Ship wherein Major <HI>Bolton,</HI> and Major <HI>Rawlins,</HI> with above thirty private Soldiers, had embarked, &s;prung a Leak in her Pa&s;&s;age, and &s;unk down. The <HI>Iri&s;h</HI> Brigade being joined, and arrived at <HI>Che&s;ter,</HI> they &s;ent to Colonel <HI>Croxton,</HI> to let him know, that if he &s;hould be driven to Extremity before any Relief &s;hould come to him from <HI>Lon|don,</HI> they had re&s;olved to attempt it them&s;elves.</P>
<PB N="693" REF="353">
<P> On the Sixth of <HI>August,</HI> 1659, Colonel <HI>Lam|bert,</HI> at the Head of Three Regiments of Hor&s;e, one of Dragoons, and Three Regiments of Foot, marched from <HI>London,</HI> again&s;t Sir <HI>George Booth,</HI> and his Party, who were about Four thou&s;and in Number. The Enemy had po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ed them|&s;elves of the Town of <HI>Warrington,</HI> and had placed a Party of about Three hundred to de|fend it, having lodged their Main Body on the other &s;ide of the River, and po&s;ted a good Number of Men to keep the Bridge again&s;t ours. At this place the Forces on each &s;ide met, and the Enemy began the Action, by &s;ending out a Party to skirmi&s;h with an advanced Par|ty of Colonel <HI>Lambert:</HI> But being repul&s;ed, and retreating beyond the Bridge, their Body of Hor&s;e, con&s;i&s;ting of about Seventeen or Eighteen hundred, one half whereof they reported to be Gentlemen, began to run before our Hor&s;e could come up to charge them, leaving their Foot to be cut in pieces, except only about thir|ty or forty of their Hor&s;e, commanded by Ca|ptain <HI>Morgan,</HI> who endeavouring to &s;ecure their Retreat, was killed in the Action. Many of their Foot e&s;caped by leaping over the Hedges, and hiding them&s;elves: But their &s;ure&s;t Protection was their having engaged again&s;t tho&s;e that were more ready to &s;ave, than de&s;troy them: So that tho' the whole Force of the Enemy was entirely defeated, yet there were not above For|ty of them killed. About Six or Seven hundred of their Hor&s;e, in &s;cattered and broken Parties,
<PB N="694" REF="354"> fled to <HI>Che&s;ter;</HI> but not thinking them&s;elves &s;afe there, they went into <HI>North-Wales,</HI> and the Town was delivered up to Colonel <HI>Lambert.</HI> Sir <HI>George Booth,</HI> after his Defeat, put him&s;elf into a Woman's Habit, and with two Servants, hoped to e&s;cape to <HI>London,</HI> riding behind one of them. The &s;ingle Hor&s;eman going before, went to an Inn on the Road, and, as he had been ordered, be&s;poke a Supper for his Mi&s;tre&s;s, who, he &s;aid, was coming after. The pretend|ed Mi&s;tre&s;s being arrived, either by alighting from the Hor&s;e, or &s;ome other Action, rai&s;ed a Su&s;picion in the Ma&s;ter of the Hou&s;e, that there was &s;ome My&s;tery under that Dre&s;s. And thereupon re&s;olving to make a full Enquiry into the Matter, he got together &s;ome of his Neighbours, to a&s;&s;i&s;t him, and with them en|tred the Room where the pretended Lady was. But Sir <HI>George Booth</HI> &s;u&s;pecting their Intenti|ons, and being unwilling to put them to the Trouble of a farther Search, di&s;covered him|&s;elf. Whereupon they took him into their Cu&s;tody, and &s;ent him up to <HI>London,</HI> where the Parliament committed him Pri&s;oner to the Tower. From the &s;ad Con&s;ideration of the&s;e, and other un&s;ucce&s;sful Attempts, the Cavalier Party, and tho&s;e that &s;ided with them, began to de&s;pair, and to give their Cau&s;e for lo&s;t, unle&s;s by Divi&s;ions among&s;t our &s;elves, we &s;hould ren|der our Victories u&s;ele&s;s to us: Which fell out &s;ooner than they expected. For the Officers of the Army, whom nothing would &s;atisfie
<PB N="695" REF="354"> le&s;s than an Ab&s;olute Tyranny over the Nati|on, notwith&s;tanding the &s;olemn Engagement they had taken before the Parliament, at the time when they received their Commi&s;&s;ions from the Hands of the Speaker, and all their Expre&s;&s;ions of Sorrow for their former Apo&s;ta|&s;ie, &s;o often repeated in their la&s;t Declarations; the&s;e wretched Men, I &s;ay, contrary to their Faith, and the Duties of Common Hone&s;ty, re&s;olved to de&s;troy the Parliament, and in imi|tation of their late Ma&s;ter, <HI>Oliver,</HI> to &s;acrifice the Common Cau&s;e to their in&s;atiable Ambition. In order to this, Lieutenant-General <HI>Fleetwood</HI> moved the Hou&s;e, at the time when they had received the Account of Sir <HI>George Booth</HI>'s De|feat, that they would appoint Colonel <HI>Lambert</HI> to be Major-General of their Army; and this was done, upon certain A&s;&s;urance, that Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig,</HI> and other Members, would endeavour to ob&s;truct it; whereby they doubted not the Colonel would be &s;o far di&s;obliged, as to be rea|dy to joyn with them in their dete&s;table De&s;ign. And it &s;ucceeded according to their Expectati|ons: For Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig,</HI> well knowing, that in a free Commonwealth no Man ought to be tru&s;ted with too great Power, and e&s;pecially &s;uch as had made very ill u&s;e of it before, pre|vailed with the Parliament to declare, that they would not create any more General Officers than tho&s;e that were &s;o already; which Me|thod they took, that they might not &s;eem to put a Negative upon him in particular. The
<PB N="696" REF="355"> Lieutenant-General having attained his end in the fir&s;t Motion, was encouraged to move again, that &s;eeing the Hou&s;e had not thought fit to do as he had propo&s;ed, they would be plea&s;ed to pre|&s;ent the Sum of Five hundred, or a Thou&s;and Pounds to Colonel <HI>Lambert,</HI> as a Mark of their Favour, to be conferred on him in con&s;ideration of his late Service. This Propo&s;ition was mo&s;t willingly entertained, Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig</HI> con|curring with tho&s;e who were for the greater Sum; which was paid to him accordingly. But the Parliament's Refu&s;al to gratifie him with the Title before-mentioned, was aggrava|ted to that degree, that he, together with many Officers more, among&s;t whom he had an Inte|re&s;t, became mo&s;t implacable Enemies to the Parliament. In the mean time a Committee was &s;ent to examine Sir <HI>George Booth</HI> in the <HI>Tower,</HI> touching the De&s;ign wherein he had been engaged, and the Per&s;ons that had promi&s;ed to join with him. He confe&s;&s;ed to have received a Commi&s;&s;ion from the King, and that many of the Nobility and Gentry had promi&s;ed to ap|pear with him; whereof he di&s;covered &s;ome, and de&s;ired more time to recollect him&s;elf concerning others.</P>
<P>During the&s;e Tran&s;actions, I had endeavoured as well as I could, to di&s;patch tho&s;e Affairs in <HI>Ireland,</HI> which were entru&s;ted to my Care. I had delivered out new Commi&s;&s;ions to the Offi|cers there, and had di&s;po&s;ed of &s;everal Com|mands, that were either vacant by the Refu&s;al
<PB N="697" REF="355"> of &s;ome, to take the Engagement enjoined by the Parliament, or in the hands of Per&s;ons di&s;|affected to the Government. I had furni&s;hed the Gari&s;ons with Provi&s;ions and Ammunition for three Months, and &s;etled a Militia in each County, as con&s;iderable as the Army it &s;elf; con&s;i&s;ting, for the mo&s;t part, of Men that had Experience, and had readily engaged to be true and faithful to the Common-wealth. This Work was attended with many Difficulties; for I found divers of the Officers guilty of ha|bitual Immoralities, many of them accu&s;tomed to detain the Pay of the private Soldiers, and mo&s;t of them debauched in their Principles by the late U&s;urpation of the <HI>Cromwels.</HI> I endea|voured to clear the Army of &s;uch as were mo&s;t guilty, and thereby hoped to reform the re&s;t. I al&s;o appointed fit Per&s;ons to enquire into the Principles, and Practices, of the private Soldi|ers, as well Hor&s;e as Foot; and upon full In|formation, di&s;mi&s;&s;ed &s;uch as appeared incorri|gible, and placed others in the room of them, of whom we had better hopes, together with as ma|ny of tho&s;e as we could find, who had been ca|&s;hiered on account of their Affection to the Parlia|ment.</P>
<P>Upon the News of our Succe&s;s again&s;t Sir <HI>George Booth,</HI> Colonel <HI>Lockart,</HI> our Amba&s;&s;ador at the <HI>Pyrenean</HI> Treaty, began to be courted by the <HI>Spaniard,</HI> as he had been before by the <HI>French;</HI> and our Plenipotentiaries met with good Succe&s;s in their Mediation for an Agree|ment
<PB N="698" REF="356"> between the two Northern Crowns; and the <HI>Dutch</HI> not daring to attempt what they had de&s;igned for the King of <HI>Denmark,</HI> the two Kings were in a fair way to a Peace, tho' the King of <HI>Sweden</HI> had expre&s;&s;ed his Di&s;content, that the two Commonwealths &s;hould form Conditions to be impo&s;ed upon Crowned Heads: But being told by Col. <HI>Algernon Sidney,</HI> that the Friend&s;hip of <HI>Eng|land</HI> was not to be obtained on any other Terms, he &s;eemed to acquie&s;ce. But to return from my Digre&s;&s;ion.</P>
<P>In the Month of <HI>September,</HI> 1659, a Petition came to my Hands, that had been addre&s;&s;ed to the Parliament, from the Officers of that Bri|gade which was commanded by Colonel <HI>Lambert,</HI> and &s;igned from <HI>Derby;</HI> wherein they a&s;per&s;ed the Parliament, for not endeavouring to &s;uppre&s;s the late Rebellion, with &s;uch Vigour as they ought, for not puni&s;hing tho&s;e who had been engaged in it, and for not rewarding the Offi|cers who had defeated the Enemy. They pre&s;&s;ed for a Settlement of the Government after their own Mode, in a Repre&s;entative of the People, and a &s;elect Senate. And for the better Di&s;covery of their Arbitrary De&s;igns, they demanded, that Lieutenant-General <HI>Fleet|wood</HI> might be made Commander in Chief of the Army, without any Limitation of Time; Colonel <HI>Lambert</HI> appointed Major-General, Co|lonel <HI>Desborow</HI> Lieutenant-General of the Hor&s;e, and Colonel <HI>Monk</HI> Major-General of the Foot. To which they added, that no Officer of the Ar|my
<PB N="699" REF="356"> &s;hould be di&s;mi&s;&s;ed from his Command, unle&s;s by a Court Martial. Copies of this Pe|tition were &s;ent by Colonel <HI>Zanchey</HI> into <HI>Ire|land,</HI> accompanied with Letters, to de&s;ire, that it might be communicated to the Officers there, and their Concurrence procured. Being &s;en&s;i|ble of the ill Effects that might ari&s;e from this wicked Attempt, if it &s;hould &s;ucceed according to their Hopes, among&s;t the Officers in <HI>Ireland,</HI> I &s;ummoned as many of them as were quarter|ed near <HI>Dublin,</HI> to meet there; and being met, I endeavoured to convince them of the Defor|mity and Hazard of this De&s;ign of the Army, de&s;iring them to remember how &s;ucce&s;sful they had been, whil&s;t they contained them&s;elves within their proper Station, and how all their Attempts had mi&s;carried, when they intermed|dled with tho&s;e Things that did not belong to them; and that they would not forget how well the Army had been paid, as long as the Par|liament had the Management of Affairs; and how much they had been in Arrears, &s;ince that time. I &s;hewed them, that the Parliament could not fail of coming to a &s;peedy Determi|nation, touching the Settlement of a Ju&s;t and Equal Government, &s;ince they had declared, that a Period &s;hould be put to their &s;itting, in the Month of <HI>May,</HI> next following: That the Na|tion would never endure to be governed by the Sword: That it was a meer Calumny to &s;ay, that the Parliament had not contributed their Endeavours, towards the &s;uppre&s;&s;ion of the late
<PB N="700" REF="357"> Tumults; for nothing could have been at|tempted again&s;t the Enemies, but by their Or|ders: That it was manife&s;t they had gratified tho&s;e who had been in&s;trumental in that Service, having freely given the Sum of a Thou&s;and Pounds to Colonel <HI>Lambert,</HI> and Two hundred Pounds to Lieutenant-Colonel <HI>Duckenfield;</HI> and that no private Soldier, who had been con|cerned in that Action, might remain unreward|ed, they had given the Per&s;onal E&s;tate of Sir <HI>Thomas Middleton,</HI> amounting to about Three thou&s;and Pounds, to be di&s;tributed among&s;t them. I endeavoured to per&s;wade them, that the Commi&s;&s;ion granted to Lieutenant-General <HI>Fleetwood,</HI> was as full and ample as could ju&s;tly be de&s;ired; he being thereby appointed to con|tinue in his Command, 'till the Parliament &s;hould find cau&s;e to the contrary: That if they had re|fu&s;ed to make more General Officers, it was be|cau&s;e they knew it to be unnece&s;&s;ary and dan|gerous; and that Colonel <HI>Lambert,</HI> without the Title of Major-General, had done as good Ser|vice, as if he had been graced with that Additi|on. Then the Council of Officers entred up|on the Debate of the Heads of the Petition; from Point to Point, and after mature Delibera|tion, unanimou&s;ly declared their Di&s;like of it, and their Re&s;olutions to acknowledge the Su|preme Authority of the Nation to be in the Par|liament, and to &s;tand by them in the Pro&s;ecu|tion of the Common Cau&s;e wherein they had been employed. And becau&s;e a Petition to that
<PB N="701" REF="357"> effect could not be immediately drawn, I &s;ent away the &s;aid Re&s;olutions that very Day to Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig,</HI> with a Promi&s;e of a far|ther Declaration as &s;oon as po&s;&s;ible, re&s;olving not to neglect this Opportunity, out of a belief that our Proceedings might be of u&s;e, as well to encourage our Friends, as to di&s;courage our Enemies in <HI>England.</HI> It may be ob&s;erved, that in this Conjuncture Colonel <HI>Monk</HI> &s;ent al&s;o Let|ters to the Parliament, declaring his Re&s;olution not to join in the dangerous Coun&s;els of the Army; but to keep the Officers that were under his Command, within the Rules of Mode&s;ty and O|bedience.</P>
<P>The Army not unmindful of their Grand De&s;ign, per&s;waded &s;ome of their Friends in the Parliament, to move for an Order to conti|nue Alderman <HI>Ireton,</HI> then Mayor, and one of their Confidents, in that Office for the next &s;uc|ceeding Year. And the Parliament &s;eemed at the fir&s;t inclined to grant their Reque&s;t, having perceived great Di&s;contents among&s;t the Citi|zens of <HI>London,</HI> at the time of the late In&s;ur|rections: But the Spirit of Sedition being much allayed &s;ince the Suppre&s;&s;ion of the Rebels, the City petitioned the Parliament to permit them the Enjoyment of their Priviledge to elect their Mayor, promi&s;ing to employ that Favour, and all that they had, for their Service. Where|upon they were permitted to proceed in that Affair according to Cu&s;tom; and Sir <HI>Thomas Allen,</HI> a Man of a moderate Spirit, being cho&s;en,
<PB N="702" REF="358"> they invited the Parliament, and chief Officers of the Army, to a &s;plendid Entertainment, at Dinner.</P>
<P>By this time I had almo&s;t compleate&s;t a Li&s;t, for new Modelling the Army in <HI>Ireland,</HI> in or|der to be pre&s;ented to the Committee of No|minations; and thinking it nece&s;&s;ary, before my departure for <HI>England,</HI> to remove &s;uch Per&s;ons as gave the greate&s;t cau&s;e of Su&s;picion, I filled their Places with tho&s;e, in whom I might be&s;t confide, and who had given evident Proof of their Affection to the Publick. There remain|ed another Bu&s;ine&s;s of the greate&s;t Importance, and wherein I found it difficult to come to a Re&s;olution, and that was to appoint a Per&s;on to Command the Forces in <HI>Ireland</HI> in my Ab&s;ence. My Inclinations led me to lodge that Power with the Commi&s;&s;ioners of the Parliament: But Lieutenant-General <HI>Fleetwood</HI> pre&s;&s;ed me &s;o earne&s;tly again&s;t it, that I was prevailed with to lay a&s;ide that Thought. 'Tis pro|bable, that the Lieutenant-General was unwil|ling to have it di&s;covered, that &s;uch an Office might be managed by more than one, le&s;t it &s;hould tend to the diminution of his own Pow|er, he being Commander in Chief of the Forces in <HI>England,</HI> and <HI>Scotland.</HI> But the Parliament having made no di&s;tinction among&s;t the Colo|nels, by any &s;uperiour Titles, I was much em|bara&s;&s;ed how to proceed. Colonel <HI>Zanchy</HI> was the elde&s;t Colonel, and mo&s;t earne&s;tly de&s;ired the Employment; but when I con&s;idered his
<PB N="703" REF="358"> Carriage, in the contriving, abetting, and pro|moting that ba&s;e Petition lately &s;ent from <HI>Der|by,</HI> by the Officers of the Army, to the Parlia|ment, as I mentioned before, I could not think him to be a Man proper for &s;o great a Tru&s;t. Sir <HI>Hardre&s;s Waller</HI> had been Major-General of the Foot, one of the late King's Judges, and of good Ability and Experience in War: But he having complied with every Party that had been uppermo&s;t; and e&s;pecially having not yet re|ceived the Parliament's Confirmation for the Regiment he commanded, I dur&s;t by no means entru&s;t him with the Command of the entire Forces. After much Deliberation, I re&s;olved, as the be&s;t Expedient I could find, to nominate Colonel <HI>John Jones</HI> to Command the Forces of <HI>Ireland</HI> in my ab&s;ence; he being a Member of Parliament, one of the late King's Judges, and one of the Commi&s;&s;ioners of Parliament for the Admini&s;tration of the Civil Government in <HI>Ireland:</HI> By virtue of which Qualifications, I hoped he might be approved by the Parliament, acceptable to the Officers of the Army, and &s;teadfa&s;t in the Defence of the Common Cau&s;e. Having taken this Re&s;olution, and being wil|ling to keep a good Corre&s;pondence with the Army in <HI>England,</HI> I informed Lieutenant-Ge|neral <HI>Fleetwood</HI> with my Intentions, de&s;iring, that if he approved my Choice, he would pro|cure the Parliament to be moved to give their Approbation. But he having, it &s;eems, ca&s;t off his Re&s;pect to the Parliament, returned me
<PB N="704" REF="359"> in an&s;wer, that I was &s;ufficiently authorized by my Commi&s;&s;ion to con&s;titute one to com|mand in Chief during my Ab&s;ence; and that I had made, in his Opinion, a very good Choice. All this while I had not acquainted Colonel <HI>Jones</HI> with my Re&s;olution touching him, nor intend|ed to do it 'till the time of my Departure drew near, and 'till I had prepared the Officers of the Army to give him their A&s;&s;i&s;tance in the Execution of his Charge. To this end I di&s;|cour&s;ed with Sir <HI>Hardre&s;s Waller,</HI> and freely told him the Rea&s;ons why I had not appointed him to command in Chief, a&s;&s;uring him, that I had committed that Employment to one of the Com|mi&s;&s;ioners of the Parliament, in a great mea&s;ure, out of Re&s;pect to him, that I might not be ob|liged to lodge it with Col. <HI>Zanchey,</HI> who tho' he was a younger Officer, yet being the fir&s;t that was commi&s;&s;ionated by the Parliament, expect|ed it of cour&s;e. Sir <HI>Hardre&s;s</HI> &s;eemed well &s;a|tisfied with what I had &s;aid, and promi&s;ed his hearty a&s;&s;i&s;tance to Colonel <HI>Jones.</HI> There was no nece&s;&s;ity to labour &s;o much to give Satisfaction to Sir <HI>Charles Coote,</HI> in this particular: For he &s;eemed to aim at nothing more, than to keep his Government in <HI>Connaught,</HI> of which Province he was Pre&s;ident by Act of Parliament, and to have his Regiment of Foot, and Troop of Hor&s;e continued to him. I a&s;&s;ured him of my Endeavours, that all tho&s;e things might be con|firmed to him by the Parliament, in hopes that he would employ them in the Defence and Pre|&s;ervation
<PB N="705" REF="359"> of that Authority, under which he had done &s;o many Services, and from whom he had received &s;o many Marks of favour. This he promi&s;ed to do, and added, that he was fully convinced that his Intere&s;t was wholly invol|ved in the Pre&s;ervation of the Parliament, all that he enjoyed being derived from their Au|thority; and that as he had oppo&s;ed the late King in his Arbitrary De&s;igns, &s;o he would continue to act in conformity to tho&s;e Actions, well knowing that if the Son &s;hould happen to prevail, the Engli&s;h Intere&s;t would be lo&s;t in <HI>Ireland,</HI> and the Iri&s;h re&s;tored to the Po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ion of their Lands, according to an Agreement pa&s;&s;ed between them. So having given me the&s;e A&s;&s;urances, he took his leave, in order to re|turn to his Government.</P>
<P>The Petition before-mentioned that had been agreed on by the Officers of the Army at <HI>Dar|by,</HI> coming to the knowledge of the Parliament, with the Endeavours that were u&s;ed to procure Sub&s;criptions to it; &s;ome, who knew it to be a Contrivance of Col. <HI>Lambert,</HI> moved that he might be &s;ent to the Tower: and it had been well, either that the Motion had better &s;ucceed|ed, or that it had never been made. But it ended only in pa&s;&s;ing a Vote to di&s;approve the Petition and the Proceedings thereupon, and to require Lieutenant General <HI>Fleetwood</HI> to &s;end Letters to all Parts to ob&s;truct any farther Pro|gre&s;s therein. One of the &s;aid Letters was &s;ent to <HI>Ireland,</HI> which in effect was an&s;wered before
<PB N="706" REF="360"> it came, we having drawn up a Petition in con|&s;equence of our Vote, which I mentioned be|fore; wherein, after we had a&s;&s;erted our Cau&s;e, de&s;ired a ju&s;t and equal Magi&s;tracy, and the Reformation of &s;uch things as &s;hould be found ami&s;s in Church and State; we a&s;&s;ured the Par|liament of our Readine&s;s to lay down our Lives in their Service, and in the Pro&s;ecution of tho&s;e great Ends. This Affair being di&s;patched, Col. <HI>Lawrence,</HI> who I am per&s;waded was ac|ce&s;&s;ary to the De&s;ign carried on at <HI>Wallingford-</HI>Hou&s;e, &s;u&s;pecting that whil&s;t I &s;taid in <HI>Ireland,</HI> the Army th<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters">e could not be wrought upon by that Faction; advi&s;ed me to ha&s;ten my Depar|ture, telling me that <HI>Ireland</HI> being now &s;ettled, I might do more good in <HI>England,</HI> where my A&s;&s;i&s;tance might be wanted. I &s;u&s;pected not the Sincerity of his Coun&s;el, and having divers Rea&s;ons to move me to it, I prepared my &s;elf for my Journey, and with much difficulty pre|vailed with Serjeant <HI>Steel,</HI> who had &s;upplied the Place of Chancellour during the U&s;urpation, to remain in <HI>Ireland;</HI> tho' he earne&s;tly de&s;ired to go over with me about &s;ome affairs relating to his Office: But I thought it might prove too great a Di&s;couragement to our Friends, if we &s;hould both leave them together, and therefore promi&s;ed him to endeavour that nothing might pa&s;s the Parliament relating to the Courts of Ju&s;tice in <HI>Ireland,</HI> till he &s;hould be heard con|cerning it. The&s;e things done, I acquainted Col. <HI>Jones</HI> with my Re&s;olution, who after &s;ome
<PB N="707" REF="360"> Expre&s;&s;ions of Mode&s;ty and Gratitude accept|ed the Imployment, and promi&s;ed to apply him&s;elf with all po&s;&s;ible Fidelity and Diligence to the Di&s;charge of it. Upon which Promi&s;e and Acceptance, I went to the Commi&s;&s;ioners, and de&s;ired their Approbation. But Col. <HI>Thom|lin&s;on</HI> who was one of them, either from a be|lief that I had not Power to con&s;titute a Depu|ty, or re&s;enting that he was not the Per&s;on, or at lea&s;t joined in the Commi&s;&s;ion with Col. <HI>Jones,</HI> moved the re&s;t of the Commi&s;&s;ioners not to in|termeddle in that Affair, tho' without effect. For it was carried again&s;t his Opinion at the Board, and Col. <HI>Jones</HI> approved, in virtue of a Clau&s;e in my Commi&s;&s;ion, authorizing me to depute whom I thought fit for leading and con|ducting the Army. In con&s;equence of this, they pa&s;&s;ed an Order to confirm my Choice, and to require all Colonels, Lieutenant-Colonels and other inferiour Officers, <HI>&amp;c.</HI> to yield Obedience to him, in the execution of the Commi&s;&s;ion which he had received from me. Then I cal|led a Council of Officers, and informed them that the Commi&s;&s;ioners of Parliament and my &s;elf had impowered Col. <HI>John Jones,</HI> of who&s;e Fidelity to the Publick, and peculiar Affection to them, they had large Experience, to com|mand the Army during the time that their Service might detain me in <HI>England;</HI> de&s;iring them to afford him the be&s;t of their A&s;&s;i&s;tance in the execution of that Tru&s;t, which they unanimou&s;ly promi&s;ed to do. Before my De|parture,
<PB N="708" REF="361"> the Mayor and Aldermen of <HI>Dublin</HI> having formed the Militia of that Place, where|of both Officers and Souldiers had taken the Engagement, they were de&s;irous to give &s;ome Publick Expre&s;&s;ion of their Affection to the Commonwealth; and to that end on the day I de&s;igned to imbark, they drew their Forces into the Field, con&s;i&s;ting of about twelve hundred Foot, and one hundred and twen|ty Hor&s;e, that I might view them, and report to the Parliament their Readine&s;s to &s;erve the Publick. Accordingly the Commi&s;&s;ioners in their Coaches, and I with the Officers of the Army on Hor&s;eback, took a View of them, as they were drawn up on the College Green, be|ing all very well equipped, and drawn up in good Order, and indeed &s;o exact in the performance of their Exerci&s;e, that one would have thought them to have been long in the Service. Here they repeated their Re&s;olutions to &s;erve the Cau&s;e of God and their Country with the utmo&s;t of their Endeavours, and pro|mi&s;ed to live and die with us in the A&s;&s;ertion of our ju&s;t Rights and Liberties. When they had fini&s;hed their Exerci&s;e, I took leave of each Officer at the Head of his re&s;pective Com|pany, and went that Evening to my Hou&s;e at <HI>Moncktown,</HI> in order to imbark for <HI>England.</HI> The Commi&s;&s;ioners of the Parliament did me the Honour to accompany me about half a Mile out of Town, and the Officers of the Ar|my would have attended me to my Hou&s;e.
<PB N="709" REF="361"> But becau&s;e it was late, I would not permit Sir <HI>Hardres Waller</HI> and the re&s;t of the Officers to go further than half way. The next Day after I had &s;igned &s;uch Commi&s;&s;ions and Orders as I thought nece&s;&s;ary, and was ready to go on board, Col. <HI>Jones,</HI> Sir <HI>Hardre&s;s Waller,</HI> with mo&s;t of the Officers about <HI>Dublin,</HI> and my good Friend Chief Ju&s;tice <HI>Cook,</HI> came down to me, and accompanied me to the Sea-&s;ide, where we took leave of each other with mutual Recom|mendations to the Direction and Protection of Almighty God. The next Day I arrived in the Road without the Bay of <HI>Beaumaris,</HI> and there meeting with &s;ome Ve&s;&s;els coming from <HI>Che&s;ter,</HI> I inquired of them if the Iri&s;h Brigade were yet put to Sea for <HI>Ireland,</HI> having been a&s;&s;ured that the Council of State had given Orders for their Tran&s;portation. They informed me that the &s;aid Brigade had lain long at the Water|&s;ide, in order to imbark, and had prepared ma|ny Ve&s;&s;els to that end; but that all the Ships were now di&s;charged upon Orders received from Col. <HI>Zanchey</HI> for tho&s;e Forces to march for <HI>London.</HI> This Information gave me occa|&s;ion to &s;u&s;pect what was &s;oon after confirmed to me; For at my Arrival in the Bay, which was in the Evening, the Governour of <HI>Beau|maris</HI> and another Officer came to me on board, and informed me that the Army had offered Violence a &s;econd time to the Parliament, and re&s;umed the Power into their Hands. This a|&s;toni&s;hing News put me into a Doubt whether
<PB N="710" REF="362"> I &s;hould return to my Command in <HI>Ireland,</HI> or continue my Journey to <HI>London.</HI> On the one hand, I con&s;idered that tho&s;e who were under my particular Care and Conduct being in <HI>Ire|land,</HI> my Pre&s;ence might be nece&s;&s;ary among&s;t them, to excite them to the performance of their Duty. On the other &s;ide, when I called to mind that I had done as much as I could to &s;ecure their Service to the Parliament, that I had brought a Declaration from them to that purpo&s;e, and left the Chief Command in the hands of a Per&s;on who had great Rea&s;ons to move him to be faithful in his Charge, I was inclined to go forward in my Journey. And when I con&s;idered the Mi&s;chiefs likely to follow upon a Breach between the Parliament and Ar|my, which I concluded would inevitably prove the Ruin of both; and that it was not impo&s;|&s;ible that I might contribute &s;omething towards a Reconciliation: In conclu&s;ion knowing that in my way I &s;hould have an Opportunity of conferring with the Iri&s;h Brigade; I re&s;olved to continue my Journy, and the next Morning as I pa&s;&s;ed the Ferry at <HI>Conway,</HI> I perceived a Per&s;on riding Po&s;t towards us, who coming nearer, appeared to be one Col. <HI>Barrow,</HI> di&s;patch|ed from the Council of Officers at <HI>London;</HI> with a Me&s;&s;age to me and the re&s;t of the Officers in <HI>Ireland,</HI> to give us an account of their Proceed|ings, and what &s;atisfaction they could con|cerning them. He delivered to me two Let|<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="MURP" EXTENT="4 letters">, one from the Council of Officers directed
<PB N="711" REF="362"> to me, and to be communicated to the Army in <HI>Ireland:</HI> The other from Lieutenant-General <HI>Fleetwood</HI> to my &s;elf. In that from the Officers, they endeavoured to put the be&s;t Glo&s;s they could upon their late Action, pleading the Force of Nece&s;&s;ity in their excu&s;e, and prote&s;t|ing to improve every Opportunity to promote the Publick Good, with this Expre&s;&s;ion in&s;ert|ed, <HI>That they had been nece&s;&s;itated to ob&s;truct the &s;ittting of the Parliament for the pre&s;ent.</HI> That from Lieut. Gen. <HI>Fleetwood</HI> was much to the &s;ame purpo&s;e, de&s;iring me to exerci&s;e my Charity to them, and labouring to clear his own Integri|ty in the late Tran&s;action. Col. <HI>Barrow</HI> al&s;o endeavoured to per&s;wade me that the Parlia|ment had on many Occa&s;ions manife&s;ted &s;uch a Spirit of Impo&s;ition, as was become in|tolerable; that they had de&s;igned to ruin their mo&s;t ancient and be&s;t Friends; and that the Offi|cers had taken the Power into their own Hands, only to employ it to the full &s;atisfaction of all hone&s;t Men. I told him that tho' I &s;hould be extremely glad to &s;ee it &s;o employed, yet when I con&s;idered how gro&s;sly the Nation had been formerly abu&s;ed under the &s;ame Pretences; I had not the lea&s;t Expectation of it, being well informed that all their Di&s;contents had no other Foundation than the Experience they had, that the Parliament would not permit the Officers of the Army to be their Superiors, and the Sword to tyrannize over the Civil Power. After I had &s;pent about an Hour with Col. <HI>Barrow</HI> in
<PB N="712" REF="363"> Conver&s;ation touching this Affair, I found no Cau&s;e to alter my Re&s;olution concerning my Journey, but was rather confirmed in my Opini|on, that my Endeavours to adju&s;t the Diffe|rences between the Parliament and Army might prove &s;ucce&s;sful; and therefore having peru&s;ed the Letter from the Officers at <HI>London,</HI> which was to be communicated to tho&s;e in <HI>Ireland,</HI> I delivered it again to Col. <HI>Barrow,</HI> with another for Col. <HI>Jones,</HI> wherein I de&s;ired him to take all po&s;&s;ible Care, that the common Enemy might not be able to take advantage from this &s;ad Con|juncture to di&s;turb the Publick Peace. Then I proceeded in my Journey towards <HI>Che&s;ter,</HI> and being arrived within three Miles of that Town, I found the Officers of Hor&s;e belonging to the Iri&s;h Brigade, who gave them&s;elves the trouble to wait my coming, and accompained me to the City, where the Foot were drawn up, and had lined the Streets to the Place where I was to lodge. The next Day being Sunday, I &s;taid there, and taking that Occa&s;ion to &s;peak with the Officers of the &s;aid Brigade, together with Col. <HI>Croxton</HI> Governour of <HI>Chester,</HI> I told them freely my Thoughts concerning the late precipitate Enterprize of the Army, and, as I was able, endeavoured to convince them of the Imprudence and Inju&s;tice of it; deli|vering for my Opinion, that the late Addre&s;s, contrived at <HI>Darby,</HI> had given Birth to this unna|tural Attempt, as it was it &s;elf the Offspring of Pride and Ambition: That it was apparent the
<PB N="713" REF="363"> Army had not put this Affront upon the Parlia|ment for having omitted the performance of their Duty in relation to the Publick, but meer|ly on account of them&s;elves and their own pri|vate Intere&s;t, having expre&s;&s;ed their Re&s;ent|ment in the mo&s;t outragious manner again&s;t the Parliament, for not advancing &s;ome Officers of the Army to &s;uch Powers and Titles as had for|merly proved fatal to the Government; tho' they might have &s;een by the late Succe&s;s of Col. <HI>Lambert,</HI> that Victory is not entailed upon empty Titles. During this Conference there was not one word &s;aid in excu&s;e of the late hor|rid Act committed by the <HI>Wallingford-</HI>hou&s;e Party, but only by one Capt. <HI>Winckworth</HI> a Creature of Col. <HI>Zanchey;</HI> all the re&s;t &s;eeming to be convinced of the Truth of what I had &s;aid, affirming that they had been &s;urprized, and prevailed upon to &s;ign it, without having &s;ufficiently weighed the Con&s;equences it might produce. In particular Lieutenant Colonel <HI>Walker,</HI> the chief Officer then upon the Place, a&s;&s;ured me, that it being &s;uddenly pre&s;ented to him with a Letter from Col. <HI>Zanchey,</HI> he had too ha&s;tily &s;igned it; but after better Con&s;ide|ration, he had re&s;olved to &s;top the Paper at the Po&s;t-hou&s;e, which he had done if it had not been di&s;patched away &s;ooner than he expected.</P>
<P>Whil&s;t I was at <HI>Che&s;ter</HI> there came a Me&s;|&s;enger from the Officers of the Army at <HI>Lon|don</HI> with Letters for tho&s;e in <HI>Ireland,</HI> which he pre&s;ented to me, as they were directed. Up|on
<PB N="714" REF="364"> the peru&s;al of them I found my former Su&s;|picions ju&s;tified, and that the Army would be contented with nothing le&s;s than to have the Government e&s;tabli&s;hed in a Court-Martial. To this end they had agreed, that Lieutenant General <HI>Fleetwood</HI> &s;hould be Commander in Chief of all the Forces of the Commonwealth; Col. <HI>Lambert</HI> Major General of the Army; Col. <HI>Desborow</HI> Lieutenant-General of the Hor&s;e; Col. <HI>Monk</HI> Major General of the Foot; and that all Officers of the Army who &s;hould by their Sub&s;criptions te&s;tify their Submi&s;&s;ion to this Agreement, &s;hould be confirmed in their Com|mands, from thence never to be di&s;charged, unle&s;s by a Court-Martial: That all Officers to be pre&s;ented to any Command that &s;hould be vacant by Di&s;mi&s;&s;ion, Death, or otherwi&s;e, &s;hould be nominated by Lieutenant General <HI>Fleetwood,</HI> Sir <HI>Henry Vane,</HI> Major General <HI>Lam|bert,</HI> Col. <HI>Desborow,</HI> Col. <HI>Berry,</HI> my &s;elf, or any three of us; and to receive their Commi&s;&s;i|ons from Lieutenant General <HI>Fleetwood,</HI> who al&s;o was to grant new ones to tho&s;e that were already po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ed of any Military Command. We were informed al&s;o by this Me&s;&s;enger, that the Council of Officers had agreed upon one and twenty Per&s;ons, with whom they pretend|ed to entru&s;t the Admini&s;tration of all Civil Affairs, under the Title of a <HI>Committee of Safety,</HI> re&s;olving to obey them &s;o long as they would do what &s;hould be pre&s;cribed to them. This Number, tho' filled up with Men of al|mo&s;t
<PB N="715" REF="364"> all Parties, yet was &s;o craftily compo&s;ed, that the Ballance was &s;ufficiently &s;ecured to tho&s;e of their own Faction. The Names of the Committee were as followeth; Lieutenant Ge|neral <HI>Fleetwood,</HI> Major General <HI>Lambert,</HI> Col. <HI>Desborow,</HI> Sir <HI>Henry Vane,</HI> Major <HI>Saloway,</HI> the Lord <HI>Warri&s;ton,</HI> Col. <HI>Tichburn,</HI> Commi&s;&s;ioner <HI>Whitlock,</HI> Col. <HI>Berry,</HI> Mr. <HI>Walter Strickland,</HI> Col. <HI>Hewet&s;on,</HI> Mr. <HI>Cornelius Holland,</HI> Sir <HI>James Harrington,</HI> Alderman <HI>Ireton,</HI> Col. <HI>Sydenham,</HI> Mr. Serjeant <HI>Steel,</HI> Mr. <HI>Henry Brandriff,</HI> Col. <HI>Monk,</HI> Sir <HI>Gilbert Pickering,</HI> one Per&s;on more, and my &s;elf. Notwith&s;tanding all this bad News, I re&s;olved to pur&s;ue my Journey; and having viewed the Ca&s;tle of <HI>Chester,</HI> exhorted the Officers of the Iri&s;h Brigade to per&s;i&s;t in their Re&s;olutions of Fidelity to the Parliament, and written to the Officers in <HI>Ireland</HI> to the &s;ame purpo&s;e; I departed from thence on Mon|day about Noon, the Streets being lined with Soldiers as at my Arrival. The Hor&s;e accom|pained me about three Miles on my way, and there I found another Troop waiting to attend me to <HI>Whitchurch,</HI> where I lay <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">hat Night. But the next Morning, having permitted them to accompany me about a Mile from the Town, I di&s;mi&s;&s;ed them with Thanks for their Af|fection, and extremely plea&s;ed to be freed from &s;uch Ceremonies; admiring how it &s;hould come to pa&s;s that &s;o many Men delight in nu|merous and magnificent Trains, which, be|&s;ides the Trouble it put, others to, mu&s;tnece&s;|&s;arily
<PB N="716" REF="365"> render tho&s;e for who&s;e Service they are de&s;igned, le&s;s u&s;eful and ea&s;y to them&s;elves. At <HI>Coventry</HI> I found &s;ome of the Forces that had been in the Service of the King of <HI>France,</HI> and lately brought to <HI>England</HI> by order of the Par|liament, upon the In&s;urrection of Sir <HI>George Booth</HI>'s Party. I di&s;cour&s;ed with the Officers concerning their Duty in this Conjuncture, and exhorted them to continue &s;tedfa&s;t in their Obe|dience to the Parliament, which they promi&s;ed to do. The next Night I lay at <HI>Northampton,</HI> and was informed by &s;ome Pa&s;&s;engers who came from <HI>London,</HI> that Col. <HI>Monk,</HI> had de|clared again&s;t the late Proceedings of the Army. Which News was &s;o welcome that I could not give intire Credit to it, till it was confirmed to me the next Night at <HI>Dun&s;table,</HI> and the Day after by my Wife, who came to meet me at St. <HI>Albans.</HI> Being arrived at <HI>London,</HI> I went to Lieutenant General <HI>Fleetwood,</HI> who endeavour|ing to per&s;wade me to go into a Council of Officers that was then a&s;&s;embled at <HI>Wallingford-</HI>hou&s;e, to con&s;ider of Letters brought from Col. <HI>Monk,</HI> I de&s;ired to be excu&s;ed from intermed|ling in their Con&s;ultations, being very ill &s;a|tisfied with their Proceedings, accounting them to be founded upon a &s;elfi&s;h bottom, and there|fore not likely to produce any Good to the Pub|lick. He reque&s;ted me to put a charitable Con|&s;truction on their Actions, making &s;olemn Pro|te&s;tations of his own Integrity, and adding, that what&s;oever Opinion I might have con|ceived
<PB N="717" REF="365"> of them, I &s;hould certainly find that <HI>Monk</HI>'s Intentions were neither &s;incere nor ho|ne&s;t. To which I replied, that tho' I knew not what De&s;igns he might have to carry on, yet it ought to be confe&s;&s;ed that his publick Decla|ration had a better appearance than theirs, who demanded nothing le&s;s than a Government by the Sword. By him and others whom I con|ver&s;ed with, I was fully acquainted with the Grounds and Cau&s;es of this &s;econd Violence offered to the Parliament, which had been de|&s;igned &s;oon after their Re&s;titution, when the Grandees of the Army perceived they would not be governed by them; and had been more &s;peedily put in execution, if the late Tumults of the Cavaliers and Presbyterians had not cau&s;ed it to be put off till they were &s;uppre&s;&s;ed. The Parliament on their part being &s;en&s;ible of their Danger, were not wholly negligent of the means to prevent it; tho I cannot &s;ay they gave no Advantages to the Faction of the Army, by di&s;gu&s;ting the Sectarian Party, and falling in with the corrupt Intere&s;ts of the Lawyers and Clergy, wherein the Army did not fail to out|bid them when they &s;aw their time. But Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig</HI> &s;uppo&s;ing that a Conjunction with the&s;e Men would contribute much to de|ter the Officers from any Attempt again&s;t the Parliament, clo&s;ed with them, and thereby dis|&s;atisfied many of the Commonwealth-Party. Neither did it a little contribute to this Di&s;or|der, that Sir <HI>Arthur,</HI> who took upon him to
<PB N="718" REF="366"> be the principal Manager of Affairs in Parlia|ment, was a Man of a di&s;obliging Carriage, &s;ower and moro&s;e of Temper, liable to be tran&s;|ported with Pa&s;&s;ion, and to whom Liberality &s;eemed to be a Vice. Yet to do him Ju&s;tice, I mu&s;t acknowledge, that I am under no man|ner of Doubt concerning the Rectitude and Sincerity of his Intentions. For he made it his bu&s;ine&s;s to prevent Arbitrary Power where&s;oe|ver he knew it to be affected, and to keep the Sword &s;ub&s;ervient to the Civil Magi&s;trate. To this end he had procured many Officers to be cho&s;en into the Army, with whom he hoped to ballance that Faction that appeared every day more and more among&s;t them. He had recom|mended Col. <HI>Fitz</HI> to the Parliament for Lieute|nant of the Tower, and took care on all Occa|&s;ions to oblige Col. <HI>Monk,</HI> who commanded the Forces in <HI>Scotland.</HI> He pre&s;umed upon the Fi|delity of the Fleet and Forces in <HI>Ireland,</HI> on ac|count of the pa&s;t Services of tho&s;e that com|manded them, and their former Oppo&s;ition to the U&s;urpation of <HI>Cromwel.</HI> He had procured a Guard of cho&s;en Hor&s;e commanded by Major <HI>Evelyn,</HI> to attend the Parliament, and was a&s;|&s;ured of Col. <HI>Morley</HI>'s Regiment, with tho&s;e of Col. <HI>Hacker,</HI> Col. <HI>Okey,</HI> and &s;ome others that lay in or near the Town. In the mean time the Officers at <HI>Wallingford-</HI>hou&s;e had not been idle, and accounting it lawful for them to do what&s;oever they had power to do, they agreed on that Petiton which I mentioned before to
<PB N="719" REF="366"> have been &s;ent from <HI>Darby,</HI> and privately &s;ent it down thither to be &s;igned and di&s;per&s;ed, and then to be returned to <HI>London,</HI> as if it had been drawn at <HI>Darby,</HI> and by no means to be pre|&s;ented to the Parliament, unle&s;s it were fir&s;t approved by Lieutenant General <HI>Fleetwood,</HI> and &s;igned, at his Recommendation, by the Offi|cers about <HI>London.</HI> The Lieutenant General having received this pernicious Paper, being one Morning at a Committee in the Speaker's Chamber before the Hou&s;e was &s;at, &s;hewed it to Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig,</HI> acquainting him how it came to his hands, pretending his Di&s;like of it, and a Re&s;olution to put a &s;top to it. Sir <HI>Arthur</HI> &s;aid not much to him concerning it, either &s;u&s;|pecting him to be in the Plot, or thinking that if &s;peedy care were not taken, it would be pa&s;t all Remedy: And therefore procured the Speaker immediately to take the Chair, and to &s;end for the Members from the Committee into the Hou&s;e. Which being done, he obtained an Order for &s;hutting the Door, and bringing the Keys to the Table, alledging that the Bu&s;i|ne&s;s which he had to impart to the Parliament required that Care. Then he communicated to them the Petition it &s;elf, which being read, he aggravated the Heniou&s;ne&s;s of the Attempt, and moved that Col. <HI>Lambert,</HI> who command|ed that part of the Army among&s;t whom it was &s;aid to have had its beginning, might be accu&s;ed of High Trea&s;on, and commited to the Tower; and that one Major <HI>Creed</HI> and Col.
<PB N="720" REF="367"> <HI>Zanchey</HI> might al&s;o be taken into Cu&s;tody. The major part of the Hou&s;e, finding their very Be|ing &s;truck at by this Combination, &s;eemed very ready to agree with tho&s;e who were the mo&s;t zealous for the Suppre&s;&s;ion of it. But the Lieutenant General affirming, that, according to the be&s;t of his Information, the Petition had been begun and carried on by the inferiour Offi|cers of the Brigade, without the Knowledge or Con&s;ent of Col. <HI>Lambert:</HI> That it was not to have been pre&s;ented to the Parliament without the Approbation of him&s;elf, and the re&s;t of the Officers about <HI>London;</HI> and that he had taken a Re&s;olution to &s;uppre&s;s it; the Hou&s;e inclined to more gentle Methods, and contented them&s;elves with pa&s;&s;ing a Vote, to expre&s;s their Di&s;like of the &s;aid Petition, requiring tho&s;e of the Army to forbear any farther pro&s;ecution of it, and commanding Lieutenant General <HI>Fleetwood</HI> to i&s;&s;ue out his Letters to that effect to the &s;everal Quarters of the Army, which he did accord|ingly. But for all this a Council of Officers was &s;ummoned to meet at <HI>Wallingford-</HI>hou&s;e; and tho' it was pretended to be only in order to declare their Acquie&s;cence in the Re&s;olution of the Parliament, yet the Officers fell into De|bates of the utmo&s;t Rage and Madne&s;s, Col. <HI>Lambert,</HI> who was pre&s;ent, &s;itting &s;till as a Per&s;on altogether unconcerned, and not reprove|ing them in the lea&s;t for their Exce&s;&s;es. The Re&s;ult of all was, that a Committee of the Council of Officers was directed to prepare an
<PB N="721" REF="367"> Addre&s;s to the Parliament, wherein after the &s;pecious Promi&s;es of Obedience they de&s;ired that tho&s;e who &s;hould hereafter mi&s;inform the Hou&s;e, as had been done in their Ca&s;e, might undergo the Cen&s;ure of the Parliament: That a Commander in Chief might be con&s;tituted without limitation of Time: That no Officer might be di&s;placed unle&s;s by a Court-Martial: That the Act of Indemnity might be enlarged: That the Revenue of Mr. <HI>Richard Cromwel</HI> might be augmented, and that his Debts might be paid; with other Particulars, mo&s;t of which were as ab&s;urd for the Army to ask, as for the Parliament to grant. However, the Parliament being willing to leave no means unattempted that might give Satisfaction to the Army, taking hold of that Clau&s;e in the Addre&s;s wherein they had promi&s;ed Obedience, gave them Thanks for their Affection expre&s;&s;ed therein, and promi&s;ed to take the Particulars of the Peti|tion into their &s;peedy and &s;erious Con&s;iderati|on, to do therein according to Ju&s;tice, and as far as they could to their Satisfaction. In pur|&s;uance of this Promi&s;e the Parliament proceed|ed to the Con&s;ideration of the &s;everal Parts of the Addre&s;s, and had made a good Progre&s;s in it; when Col. <HI>Okey</HI> communicated to them a Letter &s;ub&s;cribed by Col. <HI>Lambert,</HI> Col. <HI>Desbo|row,</HI> Col. <HI>Berry,</HI> Col. <HI>Clerk,</HI> Col. <HI>Barrow,</HI> who were of a Committee nominated by the Coun|cil of Officers, which had been &s;ent to him to encourage Sub&s;criptions to the Petition lately
<PB N="722" REF="368"> read in the Hou&s;e. By which Proceeding it was manife&s;t, that they intended the Petition to be the Ground on which they de&s;igned to unite the Army again&s;t the Civil Authority. The Parliament finding that the ways of Com|pliance which they had been taking &s;erved only to encourage the Army to Mutiny and Rebelli|on, re&s;olved upon &s;harper Coun&s;els. And to that end, having cau&s;ed the Door of the Hou&s;e to be locked, and fully informed them&s;elves of the Matter of Fact, they voted the Commi&s;&s;i|ons of tho&s;e who had &s;ub&s;cribed the &s;aid Letter to be void. They voted the Commi&s;&s;ion of Lieutenant General <HI>Fleetwood</HI> to be void al&s;o, and placed by an Act the Power of Command|er in Chief of all the Forces in <HI>England</HI> and <HI>Scotland</HI> in the &s;even following Per&s;ons, <HI>viz.</HI> Lieutenant General <HI>Fleetwood,</HI> Col. <HI>Monk,</HI> Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig,</HI> Col. <HI>Walton,</HI> Col. <HI>Morley,</HI> Col. <HI>Overton,</HI> and Me. Then they cau&s;ed the Speaker to demand of Lieutenant General <HI>Fleetwood,</HI> who was pre&s;ent in the Hou&s;e, if he would &s;ubmit to this Re&s;olution of the Par|liament; to which he an&s;wered, that he would. They al&s;o declared, that no Tax &s;hould be laid or levied upon the People, unle&s;s by Act of Par|liament; under the Penalty due to tho&s;e that are guilty of High Trea&s;on. This Bu&s;ine&s;s, tho' carried with as much Privacy as it could be, yet came to the notice of the Officers without doors, who being &s;urprized at the Re&s;olution of the Parliament, and convinced that the lea&s;t
<PB N="723" REF="368"> Delay might prove dangerous, u&s;ed all po&s;&s;ible Diligence in drawing together their Party, and preparing them&s;elves for their de&s;igned Work.</P>
<P>In the mean time the Parliament ordered the Regiments of Col. <HI>Morley</HI> and Col. <HI>Mo&s;s</HI> to march forthwith to <HI>We&s;tmin&s;ter</HI> for their Secu|rity, and &s;ent for the re&s;t of the Troops that were about the Town to draw down to them al&s;o with all convenient &s;peed. In pur&s;uance of which Order, Col. <HI>Okey</HI> endeavoured to bring down his Regiment of Hor&s;e, but the greate&s;t part of them de&s;erted him. For mo&s;t of the old Officers whom <HI>Cromwel</HI> had by his Example corrupted with the horrid Vices of Ambition and Treachery, found it ea&s;y to delude the in|ferior Officers and private Souldiers, who had either utterly forgot their Trades, or were un|willing to return to an indu&s;trious Life, into a compliance with any De&s;ign, in order to get a living. Col. <HI>Lambert</HI> was the Per&s;on that made the fir&s;t Attempt again&s;t the Parliament's Guard, endeavouring at the Head of a Party of Hor&s;e to break in upon that part where Col. <HI>Morley</HI> was po&s;ted with his Regiment. But the Colonel advancing and a&s;&s;uring him, that if he per&s;i&s;ted, he would fire upon him, <HI>Lam|bert</HI> an&s;wered, I will then go the other way, which he did, after he had given Order to block up the Avenues by the Mill-Bank with Carts and other Impediments, to prevent the Guards of the Parliament from &s;allying out upon them by that way. The Army had al&s;o placed a
<PB N="724" REF="369"> Party of theirs in <HI>King-street,</HI> and in the Church-yard near the Abby, &s;ome of Col. <HI>Mor|ley</HI>'s Regiment having already po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ed them|&s;elves of the Old <HI>Palace-yard.</HI> In this po&s;ture they continued all Night. The next Morning that Guard of the Army which lay in the Church-yard advanced with one Major <HI>Grimes</HI> at the Head of them towards tho&s;e of Col. <HI>Morley</HI>'s Regiment, who were in the <HI>Palace-yard:</HI> Of which Motion the Colonel being in|formed, drew out tho&s;e that he had with him, and ha&s;tned to their Relief. Both Parties being come within Pi&s;tol-&s;hot, and each of them rea|dy to fire, tho&s;e of the Army began to invite Col. <HI>Morley</HI>'s Men to go over to them, de&s;iring them to remember that they had hitherto fought together, and that it was unrea&s;onable now to become Enemies. In like manner Col. <HI>Morley</HI>'s Party endeavoured to per&s;wade tho&s;e of the Army to join with them in the Defence of the Parliament, who they &s;aid had been always &s;ucce&s;sful in the Admini&s;tration of Publick Af|fairs, and to whom the Officers of the Army had &s;o lately promi&s;ed Obedience, when they received their la&s;t Commi&s;&s;ions: who had al|ways taken effectual care for their con&s;tant Pay, and who were the only Authority that could do &s;o for the future. The chief Officers at length interpo&s;ing, it was agreed, that both Parties &s;hould for the pre&s;ent retire to their for|mer Stations. On the other &s;ide, Col. <HI>Lambert</HI> being advanced near that Party which was
<PB N="725" REF="369"> commanded by Col. <HI>Mo&s;s,</HI> demanded of them if they would &s;uffer nine of their old Officers, who had &s;o often &s;pent their Blood for them and with them, to be di&s;graced and ruined with their Families. The Colonel an&s;wered, that tho' that &s;hould be the Ca&s;e, yet it were much better that nine Families &s;hould be de|&s;troyed, than the Civil Authority of the Nation trampled under Foot, who de&s;igned not the Ruin of any, but only to remove from their Commands nine Officers, who by their &s;editi|ous Carriage had rendred them&s;elves unworthy of that Tru&s;t. But Col. <HI>Lambert</HI>'s Oratory was more prevalent with the Per&s;on that com|manded the Parliament's Guard of Hor&s;e, who perceiving that divers of his Men had left him, and revolted by the treacherous Per&s;wa&s;ions of one <HI>Cathne&s;s</HI> his Lieutenant, di&s;mounted in the Head of his Troop at the Command of <HI>Lam|bert.</HI> Some of Col. <HI>Mo&s;s</HI> his Regiment went off al&s;o, each Party u&s;ing their Rhetorick to bring over as many as they could. On the other part &s;ome came over to the Parliament's Party, and particularly three intire Companies of Col. <HI>Sydenham</HI>'s Regiment. But at la&s;t the Army gained their Point, and placed Guards both by Land and Water, to hinder the Members of Parliament from approaching the Hou&s;e, tho' Sir <HI>Peter Wentworth</HI> being rowed by a Crew of able Watermen, broke through their Guard on the River, and got into the Hou&s;e. In the mean time the Speaker endeavouring to pa&s;s in
<PB N="726" REF="370"> his Coach through the Guards of the Army was &s;topped near the Gate of the <HI>Palace-yard</HI> by Lieutenant Colonel <HI>Duckenfield;</HI> and being de|manded whither he was going, the Speaker an|&s;wered, to perform his Duty at the Hou&s;e: Then turning him&s;elf to the Souldiers, he told them, that he was their General, and expected their Obedience. But the&s;e Men having re|&s;olved to de&s;troy the Civil Authority, and to &s;et up the Sword in the room of it, forced his Coachman to drive back, and as he pa&s;&s;ed by <HI>Wallingford-</HI>hou&s;e, would have compelled him to drive in at the Gate, telling the Speaker, that he mu&s;t go to Lieutenant General <HI>Fleetwood.</HI> But the Speaker commanded the Coachman to drive home: and having told the Officers, that if Lieutenant General <HI>Fleetwood</HI> had any bu&s;i|ne&s;s with him, he might come to his Hou&s;e, they de&s;i&s;ted from giving him any farther Trouble at that time.</P>
<P>During tho&s;e Di&s;orders, the Council of State &s;till a&s;&s;embled at the u&s;ual Place; and at one of their Meetings Col. <HI>Sydenham,</HI> who was one of them, made a Speech, wherein he endeavoured to ju&s;tify the&s;e Proceedings of the Army, under|taking to prove that they were nece&s;&s;itated <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters"> make u&s;e of this la&s;t Remedy by a particular Call of the Divine Providence. But the Lord Pre&s;ident <HI>Brad&s;haw,</HI> who was then pre&s;ent, tho' by long Sickne&s;s very weak and much extenu|ated, yet animated by his ardent Zeal and con|&s;tant Affection to the Common Cau&s;e, upon
<PB N="727" REF="370"> hearing tho&s;e Words, &s;tood up and interrupted him, declaring his Abhorrence of that dete&s;ta|ble Action, and telling the Council, that being now going to his God, he had not Patience to &s;it there to hear his Great Name &s;o openly bla&s;phemed; and thereupon departed to his Lodgings, and withdrew him&s;elf from Publick Employment. The Army having re&s;olved to fini&s;h the Work, appointed a &s;elect Number of Per&s;ons, con&s;i&s;ting for the mo&s;t part of them|&s;elves and their Creatures, to have the Admi|ni&s;tration of Civil-Affairs, calling them, as I &s;aid before, <HI>A Committee of Safety:</HI> and knowing that it was of great Importance to &s;ecure the Forces in <HI>Ireland</HI> and <HI>Scotland</HI> to their Intere&s;t, they di&s;patched Col. <HI>Barrow,</HI> formerly mentio|ned, to <HI>Ireland,</HI> and Col. <HI>Cobbet</HI> to <HI>Scotland,</HI> on that De&s;ign.</P>
<P>The News of this great Change being brought to <HI>Ireland,</HI> was at fir&s;t received with great Sadne&s;s and Di&s;content; but after three or four days, when Col. <HI>Barrow</HI> had given A&s;|&s;urances of Favour and Advancement to divers Officers, he ea&s;ily per&s;waded many of them that the Army would make u&s;e of their Power <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">o good Ends. Yet &s;o much Di&s;&s;atisfaction re|mained in the major part of them, that the Co|lonel could not obtain any publick Approbation from them of the Proceedings of the Army in <HI>England:</HI> Only they &s;ent a Letter inclo&s;ed in one to me, and directed to the Council of Offi|cers at <HI>London,</HI> advi&s;ing them to be very cir|cum&s;pect
<PB N="728" REF="371"> in their Actions, le&s;t they &s;hould hap|pent to &s;plit as formerly upon the Rocks of Pride and Ambition. At the &s;ame time I re|ceived Letters from Sir <HI>Hardre&s;s Waller,</HI> Col. <HI>Cooper,</HI> and other Officers, to inform me, that tho&s;e who had the Management of Affairs in <HI>Ireland,</HI> endeavoured on all occa&s;ions to impo&s;e upon them, and therefore earne&s;tly de&s;ired my Pre&s;ence there. Col. <HI>Cobbet</HI> had not &s;o good Succe&s;s in <HI>Scotland:</HI> For Col. <HI>Monk,</HI> who had another Part to play, having &s;ecured to him|&s;elf the Fidelity of mo&s;t of his Officers who had been with him for many Years, and by the particular Favour of Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig,</HI> had not been altered by the Committee of Nomina|tions, &s;eized Col. <HI>Cobbert</HI> with &s;ome Officers that he &s;u&s;pected might oppo&s;e his De&s;igns, and &s;ent them Pri&s;oners into one of the I&s;lands. After that he declared for the Parliament, and writ three Letters, whereof the fir&s;t was di|rected to the Speaker, the &s;econd to Lieute|nant General <HI>Fleetwood,</HI> and the third to Col. <HI>Lambert&punc;</HI> In that to the Speaker he a&s;&s;ured him, that he would expo&s;e him&s;elf and the Forces with him to all hazards for the Re&s;titu|tion of the Parliament to the Exerci&s;e of their Authority, in obedience to the Commi&s;&s;ion he had received from them. In his Letters to the Lieutenant General and Col. <HI>Lambert,</HI> he endea|voured to per&s;wade them to u&s;e their Intere&s;t and Power to re&s;tore the Parliament, declaring his own Re&s;olution in that Matter. I al&s;o re|ceived
<PB N="729" REF="371"> a Letter from him, wherein he acquaint|ed me with his Intentions touching the Parlia|ment, and de&s;ired my A&s;&s;i&s;tance therein.</P>
<P>In this Confu&s;ion of things it was brought about, chiefly by the Intere&s;t of Sir <HI>Henry Vane</HI> with Col. <HI>Lambert,</HI> that the &s;aid Sir <HI>Henry Vane,</HI> Major <HI>Saloway,</HI> and my &s;elf, &s;hould meet and confer with Lieutenant General <HI>Fleetwood,</HI> Col. <HI>Lambert,</HI> Col. <HI>Sydenham,</HI> and Col. <HI>Desborow,</HI> concerning the pre&s;ent Condition of Affairs. Accordingly we met in one of the Council-Chambers at <HI>Whitehall,</HI> where Col. <HI>Lambert</HI> in the fir&s;t place demanded of me, If I could give him my hand. I an&s;wered, that tho' according to my Information his part in the late Action appeared to me very unwarrantable; yet if it might make me more capable of &s;erving the Publick, and recommend my Endeavours for the Peace of the Nation, and the Reconciliati|on of the Differences among&s;t us, I could not only give him my Hand but my Heart al&s;o. Then he laboured to ju&s;tify his late Proceedings, prote&s;ting that he had no Intention to interrupt the Parliament till the time that he did it, and that he was nece&s;&s;itated to that Extremity for his own Pre&s;ervation, &s;aying, That Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig</HI> was &s;o enraged again&s;t him, that he would be &s;atisfied with nothing but his Blood. I endeavoured to take him off from that Opini|on, by telling him, that being a&s;&s;ured of Sir <HI>Ar|thur</HI>'s &s;incere Affection to the Commonwealth, I could not think that he would do any thing to
<PB N="730" REF="372"> the Prejudice of tho&s;e that were Friends to it. I told him al&s;o, that according to my Notion of things, the Aim and De&s;ign of <HI>Sir Arthur Ha&s;lerig</HI> was good, even in that matter whi<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters"> had been the fir&s;t occa&s;ion of Difference be|tween them concerning new Titles and Pow|ers, which had proved &s;o fatal to the Parlia|ment in former time, and which he thought very un&s;afe under an equal and moderate Go|vernment. I a&s;&s;ured him that Sir <HI>Arthur</HI> had a Per&s;onal Re&s;pect for him, which he had mani|fe&s;ted on &s;everal occa&s;ions, particularly I de|&s;ired him to remember that he had prevailed with the Parliament to grant him the Command of two Regiments, and &s;ided with tho&s;e Mem|bers who were for the greate&s;t Sum to be given him in acknowledgment of his Service in <HI>Che|&s;hire.</HI> In conclu&s;ion, I told him that Sir <HI>Arthur</HI> was well known not to be of an obliging Car|riage; and therefore if ever he had been u&s;ed too roughly by him, it would become him to pardon it, and to charge it upon his Temper, e&s;pecially &s;ince he had not &s;pared the be&s;t of his Friends, of which I gave him divers In&s;tances, &s;ome of which related to my &s;elf. After this Di&s;cour&s;e the Officers declared to us their Re&s;o|lution to do great things for the Publick Good, and pre&s;&s;ed us earne&s;tly to come among&s;t them to their Committee of Safety: but we de&s;ired to be excu&s;ed, till &s;uch time as the Common Cau&s;e might be &s;ecured to the &s;atisfaction of good Men, and therefore agreed upon another
<PB N="731" REF="372"> Meeting, wherein this Affair might be fully debated. In the mean time I endeavoured to moderate the Warmth of &s;ome of the Parlia|ment-Party, and to bring them to de&s;ire a Re|conciliation with the Army, that by that means the Publick might be pre&s;erved from Ruin; and to this end a Meeting was appointed be|tween Mr. <HI>Scot,</HI> Col. <HI>Morley,</HI> Mr. <HI>Say,</HI> my &s;elf, and one Per&s;on more, who&s;e Name I have forgot; where after much debate on that Sub|ject, I &s;hewed them the Addre&s;s which I had brought from all the Officers in <HI>Ireland,</HI> as well General as Inferiour, to whom it had been ten|dered, and informed them that the Iri&s;h Bri|gade had a&s;&s;ured me at <HI>Che&s;ter,</HI> that they would continue faithful to the Parliament, and had acknowledged their Error in &s;ign|ing the Petition from <HI>Darby.</HI> Hereupon they de&s;ired me to publi&s;h the Addre&s;s from <HI>Ireland,</HI> together with what had pa&s;&s;ed between the Iri&s;h Brigade and Me, &s;uppo&s;ing it might be of great Service in that Conjuncture. I told them I would con&s;ider of it, and that for the pre&s;ent I had nothing to object again&s;t the Publication of tho&s;e Papers, except my Fear, that by &s;o doing I might &s;o far exa&s;perate the Army, as to render all my Offices to recon|cile them to to the Parliament utterly ineffectual. When the Company was &s;eparated, and Mr. <HI>Scot</HI> and I going away together, he earne&s;tly pre&s;&s;ed me to improve the Opportunity which he &s;aid I had in my hands, to be highly &s;ervice|able
<PB N="732" REF="373"> to the Publick, which if I neglected, I &s;hould repent it as long as I had an Hour to live. I told him that I thought he laid too much Weight on my Intere&s;t: But yet de&s;ired him to inform me what he thought it my Duty to do. He &s;aid that I ought by all means to declare again&s;t the Proceedings of the Army, and to join with <HI>Monk</HI> in oppo&s;ition to them. I replied, that tho' I knew not what the De&s;ign of <HI>Monk</HI> might be, yet I had entertained a charitable Opinion of him, by rea&s;on of his Declaration for the Parliament: But that it was my Judgment, that if either the Parlia|ment or the Army &s;hould entirely prevail one again&s;t the other in this Juncture, it would hazard the Ruin of both; and therefore I thought my &s;elf obliged in Duty to u&s;e the ut|mo&s;t of my Endeavours to bring them to a Reconciliation, before I &s;hould think of decla|ring my &s;elf. For as there was no appearance that the Army could long &s;ub&s;i&s;t without a due Provi&s;ion for their Payment, which the Parlia|ment only could make to the Content of the People, e&s;pecially &s;ince the pa&s;&s;ing of the Vote again&s;t levying Money unle&s;s by their Autho|rity; &s;o al&s;o it was nece&s;&s;ary for the Parliament to have the A&s;&s;i&s;tance of the Army in the great Work they had before them, to e&s;tabli&s;h a ju&s;t and equal Government in the Nation.</P>
<P>After this I waited on Mr. <HI>Lenthal</HI> the Spea|ker of the Parliament, and gave him al&s;o an Account of the State of Affairs in <HI>Ireland,</HI> and
<PB N="733" REF="373"> that I had many things to offer to the Parlia|ment from that Nation, which I hoped &s;peedi|ly to do, when he &s;hould return to the Chair of the Hou&s;e; to which end I a&s;&s;ured him I would imploy all my Intere&s;t, being fully con|vinced of the Inju&s;tice of the Army in the late Violence, and that no Authority but that of the Parliament can render any Form of Go|vernment agreeable to the People. I acquaint|ed him al&s;o with the Sentiments of the Iri&s;h Brigade, with all which he declared him&s;elf much &s;atisfied; and having given me a Relation of his own Gallantry towards tho&s;e of the Ar|my that had mutined again&s;t him, as before|mentioned, I took my leave for that time. Some of the Council of State writ Letters to Col. <HI>Monk</HI> to incourage him in his Re&s;olutions for the Parliament; and Lieutenant General <HI>Fleetwood</HI> &s;ent one Capt. <HI>Lloyd</HI> with an An&s;wer to that which he had received from the Colonel, and to promi&s;e on his part all the Advantages that he could de&s;ire. Col. <HI>Jones,</HI> Sir <HI>Hardre&s;s Waller,</HI> and about &s;ix or &s;even Officers more drew up an An&s;wer to <HI>Monk</HI>'s Letter directed to me in <HI>Ireland,</HI> and &s;ent it to me at <HI>London</HI> for my approbation, together with the Letter it &s;elf. Having peru&s;ed both, I perceived a great Al|teration in many of the Officers of <HI>Ireland,</HI> and a great Defection from their Duty. For in their An&s;wer they manife&s;tly took part with the Army, and required <HI>Monk</HI> to de&s;i&s;t from his Undertaking, charging the Blood that might
<PB N="734" REF="374"> be &s;hed in this Quarrel on his Head, with much more to the &s;ame effect. With the&s;e Letters I received others from Col. <HI>Cooper</HI> and Maj. <HI>War|ren,</HI> complaining of the &s;aid Breach, and of the Hard&s;hips which they &s;aid were put upon them by tho&s;e whom I had intru&s;ted with the Com|mand of the Forces, and earne&s;tly pre&s;&s;ing me to return to them. I thought my &s;elf obliged to an|&s;wer the&s;e Letters, and in that to Col. <HI>Jones</HI> I ex|pre&s;&s;ed my Di&s;&s;atisfaction with what he and &s;ome others had written to Col. <HI>Monk,</HI> wherein they had e&s;pou&s;ed the Intere&s;ts of the Army, contrary to the Tru&s;t they had received from the Parli|ament and me, which thing de&s;erved the more blame, becau&s;e the Army had as yet declared for no other Government than that of a Court-Martial; whereas Col. <HI>Monk,</HI> whatever his De&s;igns might be, had hitherto a&s;&s;erted the Au|thority of the Parliament. To the &s;ame pur|po&s;e I writ to Col. <HI>Cooper</HI> and Major <HI>Warren,</HI> advi&s;ing them to be careful not to join them|&s;elves to a Faction in oppo&s;ition to the Civil Authority of the Nation; and &s;ent Orders to Col. <HI>Cooper,</HI> who was a good Officer, and very acceptable to the be&s;t &s;ort of People in the Northern Parts, to command the Forces there, and to be vigilant on all occa&s;ions to promote the Publick Service: And tho' the Letters which had been &s;ent to <HI>Ireland</HI> by the Council of Offi|cers at <HI>Wallingford-</HI>Hou&s;e were for the pre&s;ent laid a&s;ide; yet being informed that Endeavours were u&s;ed privately to make them take effect,
<PB N="735" REF="374"> and to engage tho&s;e Forces to the Faction of the Army, I went to Lieutenant General <HI>Fleet|wood,</HI> and de&s;ired him, that to prevent &s;etting the Army in <HI>Ireland</HI> together by the Ears, the Proceedings in that matter might be let fall, telling him that if they ab&s;olutely required the Officers there to &s;ub&s;cribe their Confederacy, it would come to pa&s;s that many of them would lay down their Commi&s;&s;ions, and thereby a way would be open to fill their Places with corrupt and &s;candalous Per&s;ons, who might not only prove the Cau&s;es of great Di&s;orders in that Country, but al&s;o would be &s;o fixed in their Stations, as not ea&s;ily to be removed again, it being one of the Articles of their Papers, that no Officer &s;hould be di&s;placed but by a Court-Martial. The Lieutenant General a|vowing that he had not for&s;een either of tho&s;e Inconveniences, promi&s;ed to de&s;i&s;t from any farther Pro&s;ecution of that matter.</P>
<P>In the mean time the Officers at <HI>Wallingford-</HI>Hou&s;e were not negligent, and having drawn up an Engagement, as I &s;aid before, they re|quired tho&s;e of the Army who de&s;ired to con|tinue in their Imployments, to &s;ub&s;cribe it. By this means Col. <HI>Okey,</HI> Col. <HI>Morley,</HI> Col. <HI>A|lured,</HI> Lieutenant Col. <HI>Farley,</HI> and divers o|thers who were not of their Faction, were re|moved from their Commands; tho' Col. <HI>Mo&s;s</HI> and Col. <HI>Rich</HI> were permitted to continue in their Charges without &s;ub&s;cribing. Col. <HI>Rich</HI> was the more willing to retain his Regiment, that he might be the better acquainted with
<PB N="736" REF="375"> the De&s;igns of the Army, and have more Op|portunities of rectifying the Mi&s;takes of &s;uch Officers, who tho' hone&s;t and well meaning Men, yet might happen to be deluded by the plau&s;ible Pretences of their Superiors. But that which principally per&s;waded him to continue among&s;t them, was the Intere&s;t and Friend&s;hip which he had with Vice Admiral <HI>Law&s;on,</HI> who commanded the Fleet at that time, and who very much depended upon the Advice of the Colonel for the Mea&s;ures he &s;hould take to &s;erve the Publick. Their Committee of Safety al&s;o nominated Lieutenant General <HI>Fleetwood,</HI> Com|mi&s;&s;ioner <HI>Whitlock,</HI> Sir <HI>Henry Vane,</HI> Major <HI>Sal|oway,</HI> Co<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">&punc; <HI>Tichburn,</HI> and Me, to con&s;ider of a Form of Government for the three Nations, and to report our Opinions to them. And tho &s;ome of us were very unwilling to have any part in an Affair of this nature, yet &s;eeing we were now under the Power and Government of the Sword, we re&s;olved to procure the be&s;t Settlement we could get, if we could not ob|tain &s;uch a one as we de&s;ired, hoping at lea&s;t to procure the Regulation of what was mo&s;t ami&s;s. And therefore we had &s;everal Metings on this Subject, wherein we agreed upon the princi|pal Points in di&s;pute. But the greate&s;t Diffi|culty was in what manner the Re&s;ult of our Debates &s;hould receive a Sanction. The Army-Party de&s;ired that the Forces on foot in the three Nations &s;hould be drawn together, and that they, with &s;uch of the People who would join with them, &s;hould give their Con&s;ent to
<PB N="737" REF="375"> the Form agreed on in a Publick A&s;&s;embly. This I could not approve, but re&s;olved, if we could come to any Agreement, to procure it to be laid before the Parliament for their Approbation, or never to a&s;&s;ent to it.</P>
<P>During the&s;e Tran&s;actions, Colonel <HI>Monk</HI> ha|ving received the An&s;wer of Colonel <HI>Jones,</HI> and other Officers in <HI>Ireland,</HI> to the Letter he had written to them, and not liking the Contents of it, &s;eized Major <HI>Barret,</HI> by whom it was &s;ent; and re&s;olving to March for <HI>London</HI> with all po&s;&s;i|ble Expedition, he fell upon new Modelling his Men; wherein he had Two notable Advantages, the one from divers of his Officers, who being of the <HI>Wallingford-</HI>Hou&s;e Party, voluntarily &s;ur|rendred their Commi&s;&s;ions to him, who&s;e Pla|ces he immediately filled with his own Crea|tures: The other from the late Act of Parli|ament, whereby he was con&s;tituted one of the &s;even Generals, appointed to command the Ar|my, by virtue of which Authority he under|took &s;o to regulate his Forces, as might be mo&s;t for his purpo&s;e. Before his Departure from <HI>Scotland,</HI> he procured a Sum of Money from the Scots, with which he paid his Soldiers, and thereby obliged them the more to his Service, e&s;pecially at this time, when they knew the Army in <HI>England</HI> were in want of it, and knew not well how to Rai&s;e any, having inter|rupted the Civil Authority, by whom alone Money may rightfully be Rai&s;ed. The Army-Party being informed of his De&s;ign, re&s;olved
<PB N="738" REF="376"> to draw a Body of their Troops together to be &s;ent again&s;t him, with Orders, if po&s;&s;ible, to po&s;&s;e&s;s them&s;elves of <HI>Newca&s;tle,</HI> a place of great Importance to the City of <HI>London,</HI> and to Fight him if an Opportunity &s;hould be offered. Four thou&s;and Foot, and Three thou&s;and five hun|dred Hor&s;e were appointed for this Service, together with the Iri&s;h Brigade, Commanded by Colonel <HI>Zanchey,</HI> who notwith&s;tanding his late Carriage, came with great Confidence to me, to receive my Orders; but I was very re&s;erved to him in that particular, knowing how in&s;trumen|tal he had been in promoting the pre&s;ent Di&s;|orders. The Committee of the Army intru&s;t|ed Colonel <HI>Lambert</HI> with the Command of the&s;e Forces, who having di&s;patched his Orders to the Souldery that were Quartered in the North to draw together, and to &s;eize on the Town of <HI>Newca&s;tle,</HI> went him&s;elf by Po&s;t for that Place. Before his Departure, he de&s;ired tho&s;e who had been appointed to con&s;ider of a Form of Go|vernment, to proceed in their Con&s;ultations, and to &s;end the Re&s;ult of them to him, promi|&s;ing to give his A&s;&s;ent and Approbation to it. But &s;ome of us earne&s;tly pre&s;&s;ed that we might come to an Agreement before he began his Jour|ney, a&s;&s;uring him that it would very much tend to facilitate his pre&s;ent Undertaking, e&s;pecially if the E&s;tabli&s;hment de&s;igned might be &s;o ju&s;t and equal, that a good Man might rea&s;onably ad|venture his Life in the Defence of it; where|as on the contrary, if things were left uncer|tain,
<PB N="739" REF="376"> and no Form of Government agreed upon, Men would not ea&s;ily be per&s;waded to engage for a Party, again&s;t tho&s;e who at lea&s;t pretended to act for the Civil Authority. He acknowledg'd the Force of the&s;e Rea&s;ons, but could not be prevailed upon to &s;tay till it &s;hould be perfected, tho' he de|&s;ired it might be &s;ent after him with all po&s;&s;ible Expedition.</P>
<P>In the mean time Colonel <HI>Jones,</HI> and tho&s;e Officers who were in and about <HI>Dublin,</HI> &s;ent Lieu|tenant Colonel <HI>Dob&s;on</HI> to be their Agent in <HI>Eng|land,</HI> and to inform them of publick Affairs. He had been u&s;ed ill by <HI>Oliver,</HI> and unju&s;tly remo|ved from his Command; which being Repre|&s;ented to me when I was there, I advanced him to be a Field Officer: But being a Man of &s;lender Ability, and little acquainted with Publick Affairs, he was ea&s;ily deluded by the fair Pretences of the <HI>Wallingford-</HI>Hou&s;e Party, and became their Creature, rather than the Agent of tho&s;e that &s;ent him. And now Colo|nel <HI>Jones</HI> de&s;pairing to prevail upon the Council of Officers, whil&s;t together, to &s;ub&s;cribe the De|&s;ign of governing the Three Nations by a Coun|cil of War, di&s;per&s;ed them to their re&s;pective Quarters, and &s;ent the <HI>Wallingford-</HI>Hou&s;e Paper to be Sub&s;cribed by them, when they could not have an Opportunity of Con&s;ulting together, accompanied with Letters from him&s;elf to pre&s;s them to it: And having declared openly, that if they refu&s;ed to Sub&s;cribe, the Army in <HI>England</HI> would find a way to detain the Pay that had
<PB N="740" REF="377"> been a&s;&s;igned to them by the Parliament; ma|ny of tho&s;e who had &s;igned an Engagement to the Parliament, which I had carried over to <HI>England,</HI> and therein expre&s;&s;ed their Sorrow for the Interruption of the Civil Authority, together with their firm Re&s;olution to adhere con&s;tantly to them for the future, were now brought in to &s;ign an Engagement directly con|trary to the former. Of which being informed, I thought my &s;elf obliged to write to Colonel <HI>Jones,</HI> and other Officers of the Army, and to expo&s;tulate with them concerning the Foulne&s;s of the&s;e Practi&s;es, that were not only contrary to their late &s;olemn Promi&s;es, and pretended Sor|row for their former evil Compliances, but al&s;o tending in a high degree, to &s;et up the power of the Sword upon the Ruines of the Civil Autho|rity. Colonel <HI>Jones</HI> in his An&s;wer excus'd him|&s;elf, as not having fore&s;een the Inconveniencies of the fore&s;aid Paper, affirming that he had only permitted it to be promoted at the ince&s;&s;ant Importunities of others; but yet he expre&s;&s;ed &s;ome di&s;content that I &s;hould lay &s;o heavy a Charge upon him, who had undertaken his Imployment at my De&s;ire, and had managed it according to the be&s;t of his Under&s;tanding. He concluded, that he earne&s;tly de&s;ired I would return to my Command, and ea&s;e him of the Burden that was upon him. About the &s;ame time Serjeant <HI>Steel,</HI> one of the Commi&s;&s;ioners in <HI>Ireland,</HI> being nominated of the Committee of Safety, took that opportunity to go into <HI>England,</HI>
<PB N="741" REF="377"> as he had long de&s;ired to do, by who&s;e Depar|ture the Affairs of <HI>Ireland</HI> &s;uffered much, he being generally e&s;teemed to be a Man of great Prudence and uncorrupted Integrity. At <HI>Lon|don</HI> he refu&s;ed to Act in the Committee of Safe|ty; and tho' he &s;ometimes went to <HI>Wallingford</HI> Hou&s;e, and Di&s;cour&s;ed with Lieutenant General <HI>Fleetwood</HI> and &s;ome others, about things rela|ting to a future E&s;tabli&s;hment, yet he always declared his Opinion to be, that the Parliament were the only proper Judges of that Matter, and u&s;ed the be&s;t of his Endeavours that they might be re&s;tored to their Authority. After his Departure, the Commi&s;&s;ioners of the Par|liament in <HI>Ireland</HI> &s;ell in with the Party of the Army, and altered their Title in the Orders and Commi&s;&s;ions Signed by them, from that of Commi&s;&s;ioners of the Parliament, to that of Commi&s;&s;ioners of the Common-wealth; and being informed that the Gari&s;on of <HI>Ayre</HI> in <HI>Scot|land</HI> had di&s;charged their Governour, and de|clared for <HI>Monk,</HI> they ordered a Ship of War to crui&s;e on that Coa&s;t, to prevent their Cor|re&s;pondence with the Northern Parts of <HI>Ireland.</HI> Colonel <HI>Lambert</HI> being now in the North of <HI>Eng|land,</HI> and his Forces in Po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ion of <HI>Newca&s;tle,</HI> divers Me&s;&s;ages pa&s;&s;ed between him and Colo|nel <HI>Monk,</HI> the latter always declaring his Re&s;o|lution, as he had done before to the Generals Commi&s;&s;ioned by the Parliament, to be a&s;&s;i&s;t|ing to them in &s;ettling the Government on the Foot of a Common-wealth, without a King,
<PB N="742" REF="378"> &s;ingle Per&s;on, or Hou&s;e of Lords: And &s;eeing that the Army had begun to treat with him, he nomi|nated Col <HI>Wilkes,</HI> Col. <HI>Knight,</HI> and Lieutenant Col. <HI>Clobery,</HI> to be Commi&s;&s;ioners to adju&s;t the pre&s;ent Differences with tho&s;e of the <HI>Wallingford-</HI>Hou&s;e Party.</P>
<P>The Iri&s;h Brigade, tho' Colonel <HI>Zanchey</HI> and others endeavoured to per&s;wade them to join heartily with tho&s;e of the Army, had not quite forgot our Di&s;cour&s;e at <HI>Che&s;ter,</HI> and therefore they re&s;olved not to engage again&s;t <HI>Monk,</HI> till they might &s;ee, that what they were about to Fight for, was worth the Hazard they were to run. To this end they &s;igned a Paper in the Nature of an A&s;&s;ociation, whereby they obliged them|&s;elves to live and die together; one of the principal Officers informing me by a Letter, that if Colonel <HI>Lambert</HI> de&s;igned to advance him|&s;elf, he mu&s;t chu&s;e another Pole to climb by than the Iri&s;h Brigade, who were fully re&s;ol|ved not to a&s;&s;i&s;t him in &s;uch an Attempt. <HI>Lam|bert</HI> being made acquainted with the fore&s;aid Paper, concluded that the Jealou&s;y they had of him aro&s;e from the Influence I had upon that Brigade, and thereupon wrote to Sir <HI>Henry Vane,</HI> de&s;iring him to procure a Letter from me to them, to remove that prejudice which they had entertained again&s;t him. Accordingly Sir <HI>Hen|ry Vane</HI> came to me, and having a&s;&s;ured me that Colonel <HI>Lambert</HI> had rather been made u&s;e of by the <HI>Wallingford-</HI>Hou&s;e Party, than that he had been in any manner the principal Contriver of
<PB N="743" REF="378"> the late Di&s;orders, and that he would be an Impediment to them in their De&s;ign of advan|cing a &s;ingle Per&s;on; I con&s;ented to de&s;ire our Brigade, that they would be careful to inform them&s;elves well before they &s;hould determine what Cour&s;e to take, that they might not, out of a Jealou&s;y of one Per&s;on, contribute to the Advancement of others, who might po&s;&s;ibly prove to be wor&s;e. Upon the Receipt of my Letter, which I &s;ent to one of the principal Officers among&s;t them to be Communicated to the re&s;t, they marched nearer to the Forces of Colonel <HI>Lambert,</HI> who thereupon &s;ent me a Let|ter of Thanks, acknowledging that I had exer|ci&s;ed my Charity to him in an extraordinary man|ner, con&s;idering the late Tran&s;actions; prote&s;t|ing that he de&s;igned not the Violence that was of|fered to the Parliament, and was wholly inno|cent from promoting that Petition which had a tendency to it; that he knew not of any Inter|ruption to be given to the Hou&s;e, till the Day it was put in Execution; and that he had no further De&s;ign therein, than to pre&s;erve him&s;elf from De&s;truction, which he conceived was intended again&s;t him. He concluded with A&s;&s;urances that he would take all Opportunities to advance the Good of the Common-wealth, and de&s;ired my Friend&s;hip no farther than he &s;hould act in order to that end.</P>
<P>About this time I went to Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig,</HI> whom I knew to be of a mo&s;t ri|gid and inflexible Spirit, and endeavoured as well as I could, to per&s;wade him of the
<PB N="744" REF="379"> Nece&s;&s;ity incumbent on us all to lay a&s;ide our private Animo&s;ities, and to unite our whole Strength to pre&s;erve the Ve&s;&s;el of the Com|mon wealth from &s;inking. I de&s;ired him to entertain a better Opinion of Sir <HI>Henry Vane,</HI> and &s;ome other Per&s;ons than he &s;eemed to have, a&s;&s;uring him, that it was impo&s;&s;ible to prevent that Ruine which threatned us, but by a hearty Reconciliation, and a &s;olid Union among&s;t our &s;elves. I acknowledged his Care of the Publick in the endeavours he had u&s;ed to hinder the Accumulation of extraordinary Powers and Titles upon any Per&s;on, and to render the Sword &s;ub&s;ervient to the Civil Magi&s;trate. But I could not forbear to acquaint him, that in my poor Opinion, he had not taken the right way to that great end, having lately e&s;tranged him|&s;elf from his ancient Friends, and fallen in with the Lawyers and Clergy, putting tho&s;e, who would have been his principal Strength in times of nece&s;&s;ity, into de&s;pair of receiving any good from him, and relying upon Men who&s;e Principles and Practi&s;es are incon&s;i&s;tent with a ju&s;t and equal Government. I agreed with him that nothing could recover us from the pre&s;ent Confu&s;ions, but the Re&s;titution of the Parlia|ment to their Authority; tho' I thought my &s;elf obliged to add, that if he and others &s;hould re|turn to the Exerci&s;e of their Power with a Spi|rit of Revenge again&s;t tho&s;e that had wronged them and the Publick, and not rather contri|bute their utmo&s;t to reconcile all tho&s;e who&s;e Intere&s;ts were involved in that of the Common|wealth,
<PB N="745" REF="379"> they would certainly ruin them&s;elves, and every one that wi&s;hed well to the Parlia|ment and the Common Cau&s;e. Sir <HI>Arthur</HI> &s;eemed &s;o &s;en&s;ible of the Truth of what I had &s;aid, that he a&s;&s;ured me, if ever he returned to &s;it in Parliament, and thereupon &s;hewed him|&s;elf Revengeful to any Man, he would permit me to &s;pit in his Face. In the mean time many Members of the Parliament had frequent Meetings with their Friends to con&s;ult about the mo&s;t proper means to be u&s;ed for their Re|&s;titution, to which I was never called, they having conceived a Su&s;picion that I had too much &s;ided with the Army. And on the other &s;ide, tho&s;e of the Army were jealous of me, as indeed they had more Cau&s;e, for my Adhe|rence to the Parliament. For I had openly de|clared my Di&s;&s;atisfaction with their late Pro|ceedings, and my Doubts of the Sincerity of their Prote&s;tations to improve their Power to the Publick Advantage. I had refu&s;ed to be pre&s;ent at their Committee of Safety, or in that of Nominations, tho' con&s;i&s;ting of the &s;ame Per&s;ons the Parliament had formerly appointed, excepting only Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig.</HI> And be|ing one day in the next Room to that where they u&s;ed to &s;it, and Lieutenant General <HI>Fleet|wood,</HI> with others, pre&s;&s;ing me to go in, telling me, that they wanted one to make a <HI>Quorum,</HI> and that the Officers to be approved were ho|ne&s;t Men, and &s;uch as I e&s;teemed; yet I utter|ly refu&s;ed to have any thing to do with them.
<PB N="746" REF="380"> But Sir <HI>Henry Vane</HI> and Major <HI>Saloway</HI> did prevail with them&s;elves to act with them in their Commit|tees, and to di&s;charge the Office of Commi&s;&s;ioners of the Navy, to which they had been nominated by the Parliament, and continued by the Officers of the Army.</P>
<P>It being re&s;olved by the Members of Parlia|ment, to open a way, if po&s;&s;ible, for their Re|turn to the Hou&s;e, they prevailed with Colonel <HI>Whetham,</HI> then Governour of <HI>Port&s;mouth,</HI> to admit Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig,</HI> Colonel <HI>Walton,</HI> and Colonel <HI>Morley,</HI> with &s;ome Forces into that important Place: Who thereupon immedi|ately declared for the Parliament, and i&s;&s;ued our Orders for more Forces to come to their A&s;&s;i&s;t|ance. They al&s;o di&s;patched Letters to <HI>Monk</HI> to warrant his Undertaking, and invited the Fleet to join with them. The Commi&s;&s;ioners that had been appointed by Colonel <HI>Monk,</HI> to treat with tho&s;e of the Army, had no &s;mall part in pro|moting this Diver&s;ion of the Forces of the Ar|my; yet to colour their De&s;igns, they endea|voured at the &s;ame time to lay a&s;leep the <HI>Wal|lingford-</HI>Hou&s;e Party, and to make them believe that they de&s;igned nothing more than a good Under&s;tanding with them. By which Arti|fice they cau&s;ed him to neglect tho&s;e means which they had in their Hands to reduce <HI>Monk,</HI> and his Party, who were not to be compared with the Forces of the Army, either for Num|ber, Experience, or Unanimity. For tho' by his &s;olemn Prote&s;tations, and publick Declarati|on
<PB N="747" REF="380"> of his firm Re&s;olution to adhere to the Par|liament, and their Cau&s;e, again&s;t a King, &s;ingle Per&s;on, or Hou&s;e of Peers, he had deluded di|vers of tho&s;e who were at a di&s;tance from him, and who from their Enmity to the Faction of the Army, were ready to tru&s;t any that might probably re&s;cue them from that Servitude; yet tho&s;e who approached him nearer, and under|&s;tood him better, finding him on all Occa&s;ions to encourage the mo&s;t vicious, and to prefer Men of Monarchical Principles, though of the mo&s;t &s;candalous Lives, to all the Offices that became vacant, &s;aw &s;o clearly into the Drift of his De&s;ign, that mo&s;t of the Officers who had any Sence of Religion, or common Hone&s;ty, abandoned him, and joyned them&s;elves to Colonel <HI>Lambert;</HI> and after them, about Three hundred Hor&s;emen, leaving their Hor&s;es and Equipage behind them, did the &s;ame. But this proved very prejudicial in the Con&s;equence to the Pub|lick Service: For tho&s;e Officers that de&s;erted <HI>Monk,</HI> gave him an opportunity of filling their Commands with his own Creatures; whereas, if they had continued with him, they might have had a con&s;iderable Influence upon the whole Party, to make u&s;e of as Opportunities had offered. The Hor&s;e likewi&s;e that aban|doned him, made room for others, who were mounted and equipped without Expence, and compo&s;ed of &s;uch as were fit for his purpo&s;e. Yet for all this, the Treaty went on between <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 span"> the Army, and &s;eemed to draw near
<PB N="748" REF="381"> to a Conclu&s;ion, it being agreed that he &s;hould have one part of a Sum of Money that had been appointed to pay his Forces: That he &s;hould be one of their Committee for the No|mination of Officers to &s;uch Places as &s;hould be vacant in the Army: That a Repre&s;entative of the People &s;hould be called with all conve|nient &s;peed; and to that end Commi&s;&s;ioners &s;hould be appointed by the Military Power of the three Nations, to con&s;ider and agree upon the Qualifications of &s;uch as might be elected, and &s;it as Members. Accordingly tho&s;e en|tru&s;ted by <HI>Monk,</HI> nominated Mr. <HI>Scot,</HI> Sir <HI>James Harrington,</HI> and Colonel <HI>Thomp&s;on,</HI> on their part: Lieutenant-General <HI>Fleetwood,</HI> Sir <HI>Henry Vane,</HI> and Major <HI>Saloway,</HI> were appointed for the Ar|my, or <HI>Wallingford-Hou&s;e</HI> Party: And on the part of the Forces in <HI>Ireland,</HI> Colonel <HI>Barrow,</HI> and Lieutenant-Colonel <HI>Dob&s;on</HI> were joyned with me, to be Commi&s;&s;ioners, to con&s;ider of the Qua|lifications of the Per&s;ons to be elected, as afore|&s;aid. A General Council of Officers was al&s;o appointed to meet at <HI>White-Hall,</HI> on a certain Day, and to con&s;i&s;t of two Per&s;ons of each Regi|ment in the three Nations, to be cho&s;en by the Officers of the &s;everal Regiments. It was de&s;ired al&s;o, that the Fleet would &s;end their Deputies to this A&s;&s;embly, who were to prepare Mat|ters for the Con&s;ideration of the Repre&s;entative that they pretended to call. I was altogether a Stranger to the&s;e Coun&s;els, the Articles ha|ving been drawn up by a private Junto; yet I
<PB N="749" REF="381"> know not how, I was per&s;waded to be pre&s;ent when they were read to the Council of Offi|cers for their Approbation, where I ab&s;olutely refu&s;ed to con&s;ent to any part of it, except that whereby two of each Regiment in the three Nations were propo&s;ed to meet in a General Council. Which I accounted to be the mo&s;t probable way of finding out the true Sence of the Armies, into who&s;e Hands the Power was mo&s;t unhappily fallen, and much le&s;s di&s;ho|nourable, if not more &s;afe, than to continue lon|ger under the Servitude of the Faction at <HI>Wal|lingford-Hou&s;e,</HI> who had pre&s;umed to give Law, both to the Parliament, and the Army. I cannot omit, that at this Meeting, &s;ome Per&s;ons having moved, that the Commi&s;&s;ioners from <HI>Monk</HI> might be required to produce their Pow|ers, that it might appear whether he would &s;tand obliged to what &s;hould be agreed, they could not be per&s;waded to &s;hew any Orders from him to that purpo&s;e; and yet Lieutenant-General <HI>Fleetwood,</HI> and his Cabinet-Council, were contented to treat with them, tho' they had ne|ver &s;een any Commi&s;&s;ion that they had. And now it began to be &s;u&s;pected, that the De&s;ign of <HI>Clobery,</HI> and the re&s;t of the Commi&s;&s;ioners, was only to prolong the Treaty in which they were engaged, that the Forces of the Army might be kept from attacking <HI>Monk,</HI> which he was afraid of, having found his own Party waver|ing and doubtful. They well knew, that if they could &s;pin out the Time in Treaty, 'till the
<PB N="750" REF="382"> expiration of the Taxes that had been laid by the Parliament, which would happen in the Month of <HI>January</HI> next en&s;uing, the Army would then be driven to great Straits for want of Money, wherewith <HI>Monk</HI>'s Forces had been &s;upplied by the <HI>Scots.</HI> Of this Sir <HI>Henry Vane</HI> was very &s;en&s;ible, and gave both Army and Parliament for lo&s;t, when they began to treat. But the chief Officers of the Army having al|ready parted with their Hone&s;ty, by driving on their own private Intere&s;t, were now re&s;olved to &s;hake hands with their Rea&s;on al&s;o, and &s;ent down to <HI>Scotland</HI> one Doctor <HI>Clarges,</HI> Brother to <HI>Monk</HI>'s Wife, and a known Royali&s;t, with a Commi&s;&s;ion to per&s;wade him to an Accommo|dation with them. They di&s;patched al&s;o &s;ome Forces for the Reduction of <HI>Port&s;mouth,</HI> but gave the Command of them to &s;uch as were either little acquainted with their Soldiers, or inclining in their Affections to the Parliament. And tho' they knew not how to procure Money for the Payment of their Standing Army, they rai&s;ed the Militia in divers parts, and gave out Commi&s;&s;ions for Hor&s;e and Foot to be levied, promi&s;ing to pay all. Some of them earne&s;tly &s;olicited me to rai&s;e two Regiments, one of Hor&s;e, and another of Foot; but I told them, they had already as many as they could pay, and I feared more than would be well employ|ed. They endeavoured all this while to keep fair with Sir <HI>Henry Vane,</HI> Major <HI>Saloway,</HI> and me, making large Prote&s;tations of the Sincerity
<PB N="751" REF="382"> of their Intentions, and the great De&s;igns they had to promote the Service of the Publick, hoping that by our continuing to come among&s;t them, it would come to pa&s;s that tho&s;e who had a good Opinion of us would extend it al&s;o to them and their Actions. But they were ob|liged to di&s;cover them&s;elves more openly on the following occa&s;ion. The Parliament had ma|nife&s;ted before the la&s;t Interruption, an Inclina|tion to ea&s;e the People of the Payment of Tithes, and in lieu of them to appropriate a certain Sum of Money for the Maintenance and Encouragement of the Mini&s;try, to be di&s;tri|buted in a more equal manner than had been formerly practi&s;ed; hoping, if this could be ef|fected, that the Clergy would no longer have any other Intere&s;t to promote than that of the whole Commonwealth, nor be a di&s;tinct Party from the People. It was well known al&s;o to the Lawyers, that they &s;till retained the De&s;ign of regulating the Practice of the Law, and re|lieving the People in that particular. The&s;e two Parties therefore being equally concerned to perpetuate the Abu&s;es practi&s;ed among&s;t them, became equally &s;en&s;ible of the common Dangers. And in order to prevent it, <HI>Whit|lock,</HI> and <HI>St. Johns</HI> for the Lawyers, with Do|ctor <HI>Owen,</HI> and Mr. <HI>Nye,</HI> for the Clergy, who at this time had frequent Meetings in the <HI>Savoy,</HI> entred into a private Treaty with the principal Per&s;ons of the <HI>Wallingford-Hou&s;e</HI> Party, and of|fered to rai&s;e a Hundred thou&s;and Pounds for the
<PB N="752" REF="383"> U&s;e of the Army, upon a&s;&s;urance of being pro|tected by them in the full Enjoyment of their re&s;pective Advantages and Profits; with this farther Condition, that they &s;hould oblige them|&s;elves not to hearken any longer to the Advice of Sir <HI>Henry Vane.</HI> Whereby we were left de&s;titute of Hope, to &s;ee any other Reformation of the Clergy, than what they them&s;elves would con|&s;ent to; any other Regulation of the Law, than the Chief Ju&s;tice, and the Commi&s;&s;ioner of the Seal would permit; or any more Liberty for ten|der Con&s;ciences, than the Lord <HI>Warri&s;ton</HI> would be plea&s;ed to grant, who repre&s;enting the <HI>Scotti&s;h</HI> Intere&s;t, made up the third E&s;tate of our Refor|mation.</P>
<P>I began now to think all my time lo&s;t that I had &s;pent in endeavouring to reconcile our bro|ken and divided Coun&s;els, and had no hopes left, but from the General Council of Officers, which was to con&s;i&s;t of two Per&s;ons to be nominated by each Regiment in the three Nations, as I &s;aid before. In order to this Meeting, War|rants were &s;igned and i&s;&s;ued out for their Electi|on, to the Armies in <HI>England</HI> and <HI>Ireland;</HI> and <HI>Monk</HI>'s Commi&s;&s;ioners departed for <HI>Scotland,</HI> to procure, as they &s;aid, all Things to be done there, according to their Agreement. But <HI>Monk</HI> kept him&s;elf upon the Re&s;erve, and in|&s;tead of making good what his Commi&s;&s;ioners had promi&s;ed, he de&s;ired time to con&s;ider of the Articles of the Treaty, and required an Expla|nation of &s;everal Particulars therein contained:
<PB N="753" REF="383"> So that much time was &s;pent in Me&s;&s;ages be|tween him and <HI>Lambert.</HI> Among&s;t others, Col <HI>Zanchey</HI> was &s;ent to tempt him with Pro|mi&s;es and Offers of Advantage; but he having &s;truck a Bargain in another Place, made u&s;e of <HI>Zanchey</HI>'s Pre&s;ence only to keep the Army-Party in expectation of his Compliance, thereby gain|ing time, which he knew would &s;hortly bring the Affairs of the Army to the la&s;t Extremities. He gave out no Orders to the Regiments that were with him to elect Members for the Gene|ral Council of Officers, as had been agreed by his Commi&s;&s;ioners, but formed new Difficulties every day to avoid confirming the Treaty; and under pretence that Col. <HI>Wilkes,</HI> one of his Commi&s;&s;ioners, had too much inclined to the Intere&s;t of the Army, he di&s;mi&s;&s;ed him from his Command. Notwith&s;tanding which, &s;uch Folly and Stupidity had &s;eized tho&s;e of the Army, that upon loo&s;e and general Promi&s;es of Compliance they continued thier Corre&s;pon|dence with him. The Time fixed for the Meeting of the General Council of Officers be|ing come, tho the Deputies from <HI>Ireland</HI> were not arrived, nor any from the Army under Col. <HI>Lambert;</HI> and tho it was well known that none were cho&s;en to repre&s;ent the Forces with <HI>Monk</HI> in <HI>Scotland,</HI> yet tho&s;e of <HI>Wallingford-</HI>Hou&s;e re|&s;olved to act as if they had all been pre&s;ent. I had written to &s;ome of the Officers in <HI>Ireland,</HI> that if they &s;hould take a Re&s;olution to &s;end any Per&s;ons to this Council, they would do
<PB N="754" REF="384"> well to make choice of &s;uch as were mo&s;t in|clined to the Re&s;titution of the Parliament; but that, as to my own particular, I was not willing to have any thing to do among&s;t them. Notwith&s;tanding which I &s;oon received a Let|ter by the hands of Col. <HI>Salmon</HI> from the Offi|cers in <HI>Ireland,</HI> to de&s;ire me to act for them at the General Council; which having imparted to &s;ome of my Friends, and they concurring to encourage me to it, I would not refu&s;e to &s;erve them. Being in the Council, I did what I could to procure the Re&s;titution of the Parliament, wherein I was much a&s;&s;i&s;ted by Col. <HI>Rich.</HI> Five or &s;ix days we &s;pent in a Debate concerning the Form of Government, which had been drawn up, as I &s;aid before, expecting the Arrival of tho&s;e that &s;hould be cho&s;en for <HI>Ireland, Scot|land,</HI> and the Army in the North of <HI>England.</HI> During which time Col. <HI>Rich</HI> and I took fre|quent Occa&s;ions of informing the Officers con|cerning the Publick Affairs, de&s;iring them to be cautious of engaging them&s;elves in any De|&s;ign, of which they might have Cau&s;e after|wards to repent, and exhorting them to contri|bute their Endeavours towards &s;ettling &s;uch a Government as all good Men might concur in, and live happily under. We met with &s;uch Succe&s;s in our Di&s;cour&s;es with the Officers, that tho the <HI>Wallingford-</HI>Hou&s;e Party had influenced the Elections as much as they could, and under pretence that the Fleet was at too great a di|&s;tance, and divided into too many Squadrons to
<PB N="755" REF="384"> be in a capacity of chu&s;ing in due time, had cau&s;ed the Committee of the Admiralty to no|minate whom they plea&s;ed to &s;erve for the Fleet, yet they found their Wheels to move &s;o &s;lowly, that to facilitate their Bu&s;ine&s;s they were obliged to &s;end away divers Officers to their Commands, under colour that their Pre|&s;ence was nece&s;&s;ary in their re&s;pective Stations, by rea&s;on of the Dangers that threatned them from all Parts; when indeed, the true Rea&s;on of their Di&s;mi&s;&s;ion was taken from the Di&s;&s;a|tisfaction they began to &s;hew with the Pro|ceedings of the Chief Officers. By the&s;e and other means it came to pa&s;s, that the Grandees of the Army re&s;olved to &s;pend no more time in the Debate touching the Form of Government, and therefore de&s;ired a Conference with Sir <HI>Henry Vane</HI> and Major <HI>Saloway,</HI> who being un|willing to meet them without me, prevailed with me to accompany them to <HI>Wallingford-</HI>Hou&s;e; where Lieutenant-General <HI>Fleetwood</HI> expre&s;&s;ed great Unea&s;ine&s;s on account of the Publick Di&s;tractions, and de&s;ired them to ad|vi&s;e him what mea&s;ures to take to remove the pre&s;ent Difficulties, and to prevent greater Mi&s;|chiefs which &s;eemed impending over us. The&s;e Gentlemen &s;u&s;pecting the De&s;igns of <HI>Fleetwood</HI> and his Party, kept them&s;elves on their Guard, and in an ironical manner told him, that the mo&s;t certain way to cure all things would be to &s;et up <HI>Richard</HI> again. Ju&s;t as I thought, &s;aid <HI>Fleetwood,</HI> it has happened, that the coming of
<PB N="756" REF="385"> my Lord <HI>Richard</HI> to <HI>Hampton-Court</HI> would give an Occa&s;ion of Jealou&s;y, and then prote&s;ted that his Removal thither proceeded from him|&s;elf, that he had not been advi&s;ed to it by them, and that they had no Intention to &s;et him up again. We believed what we thought mo&s;t rea&s;onable concerning his Removal to that Place. But to that of his Re&s;titution, Major <HI>Saloway</HI> asked them, whether things might not be brought to that pa&s;s as to make it nece&s;&s;ary, tho they intended it not? which <HI>Fleetwood</HI> de|nying, the Major pre&s;&s;ed him farther, and de|&s;ired to know from him, if it were not po&s;&s;i|ble that the Nece&s;&s;ity of our Affairs might ob|lige us to a Compliance with <HI>Charles Stuart.</HI> Thus they &s;tood upon their Guard on both Parts, not adventuring to tru&s;t one another; that mutual Confidence by which they had done &s;o much being intirely lo&s;t. However that I might not be wanting on my part, I told them with my u&s;ual Freedom, that the Re&s;titu|tion of the Parliament &s;eemed to me to be the only Remedy to recover us from our pre&s;ent Di&s;tempers, and to prevent the fatal Con&s;e|quences of our Divi&s;ions. To this the Lieute|nant General an&s;wered, that according to an Agreement made between them and Major Ge|neral <HI>Lambert</HI> before his Departure, nothing could be done in that Matter without mutual Con&s;ent; and &s;o we parted with as little Sati&s;|faction on either &s;ide as we brought with us. From them I went to the Council of Officers
<PB N="757" REF="385"> who were then a&s;&s;embled, and was much &s;ur|prized to find them debating whether a New Parliament &s;hould be called, and ready to go to the Que&s;tion; which I doubted not would pa&s;s in the Affirmative, having ob&s;erved that it met with little Oppo&s;ition, except from Col. <HI>Rich.</HI> And tho' I had but little hope to ob&s;truct the De&s;ign, yet that I might di&s;charge my Du|ty, I took the liberty to lay before them the In|ju&s;tice and Vanity of &s;uch a Re&s;olution, endea|vouring to prove that as they had no Authority to warrant them in that Attempt, &s;o neither would it be of any Advantage to the Nation if it &s;hould &s;ucceed. I de&s;ired them to con&s;ider how great an Enterprize they were about <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">o undertake, without any &s;ufficient Authority to ju&s;tify them in it: That they could not pre|tend to any from the Parliament, and that it was as evident they had none from the Nations, no not from the Military part of them, the Depu|ties from <HI>Scotland</HI> and <HI>Ireland</HI> being not arrived, nor any from the Army in the North of <HI>Eng|land:</HI> That at lea&s;t one third part of the Offi|cers pre&s;ent were again&s;t their De&s;ign; and that it &s;eemed to me to be an unaccountable Pre|&s;umption for two thirds of about a fourth part of the Army to undertake to put a Period to the Civil Authority. I endeavoured to per&s;wade them that the De&s;ign was as vain and fooli&s;h as unwarrantable and unju&s;t; for by this means they would utterly di&s;oblige the Parliament and all their Friends, who were very numerous:
<PB N="758" REF="386"> That <HI>Monk</HI> having declared again&s;t them alrea|dy, and the greate&s;t Number of their own Body di&s;approving the thing, it would come to pa&s;s, that all things would be brought into a mi&s;erable Confu&s;ion; and it may be the Com|mon Enemy would find means to return, and utterly de&s;troy the contending Parties. But their Re&s;olution being already taken, in con&s;e|quence of the Agreement they had made with the Clergy and Lawyers, we could obtain no more than a Re&s;pite of the Conclu&s;ion of this Debate till the Afternoon. Going out of the Council, I de&s;ired Col. <HI>Desborow,</HI> who&s;e Intere&s;t I knew to be very great with the re&s;t, that he would de&s;i&s;t from the farther pro&s;ecution of this De&s;ign, repre&s;enting to him, as well as I could, the Confu&s;ions and Mi&s;chiefs that would inevi|tably en&s;ue upon it. To which he an&s;wered, that the Parliament had deceived them twice, and that they were now re&s;olved to put it out of their Power to do it again. In the After|noon the Debate was rea&s;&s;umed; and a Motion being made that they would take the Re&s;titu|tion of the Parliament into their Con&s;ideration, Col. <HI>Desborow,</HI> to keep his Word, did what he could to a&s;per&s;e the Parliament, &s;aying, that they had not performed any part of the Pro|mi&s;es that had been made for them before their fir&s;t Return to the Hou&s;e, having made no Provi&s;ion for the Lord <HI>Richard,</HI> as he called him, nor granted a &s;atisfactory Indemnity; but by the In&s;ertion of divers oblique Clau&s;es
<PB N="759" REF="386"> had rendred it ab&s;olutely ineffectual: That they had taken no care to &s;ecure a Liberty to tender Con&s;ciences, nor to provide for the Publick Safety by e&s;tabli&s;hing a Select Senate: That they had manife&s;ted their Unworthine&s;s not on|ly in the&s;e Negatives, but had al&s;o po&s;itively declared their Intentions to ruin the Army, by removing the Principal Officers, and placing others in their Commands who were of a diffe|rent Spirit and Principles, and by drawing up one part of the Army again&s;t the other, in or|der to de&s;troy both. For which Rea&s;ons he declared his Opinion to be, that to reinve&s;t tho&s;e with Authority who were &s;o manife&s;tly unfit for that Tru&s;t, would prove the wor&s;t of all the Expedients that could be propo&s;ed. To this Di&s;cour&s;e I thought my &s;elf obliged to make &s;ome An&s;wer, and therefore took the Freedom to &s;ay, That the Parliament being Men, were liable to Pa&s;&s;ions, and &s;ubject to Imperfections, but that it might be &s;aid with|out Immode&s;ty, that they had been chargeable with as few as any of their Predece&s;&s;ors, and po&s;&s;ibly fewer than tho&s;e that had pretended to &s;ucceed them: That they were the only Num|ber of Men that had any legal Call to the Su|pream Authority: That God had eminently appeared for them, and wonderfully a&s;&s;i&s;ted them to &s;ubdue all tho&s;e that had oppo&s;ed them both at home and abroad: That they had been &s;o frugal of the Publick Pur&s;e, that upon the fir&s;t Interruption by <HI>Cromwel,</HI> a va&s;t Sum was
<PB N="760" REF="387"> found in the Trea&s;ury, tho their Armies and Fleets had been fully paid, and their Maga|zines plentifully furni&s;hed with Naval Stores. How the&s;e Advantages had been improved by tho&s;e that had u&s;urped their Authority, was well known; and how the Armies and Fleets had been paid, they them&s;elves were the be&s;t Judges. At the Return of the Parliament to the Exerci&s;e of their Authority, in the place of tho&s;e va&s;t Sums they had left in the Publick Coffers, they found a Debt of two Millions and four hundred thou&s;and Pounds contracted by tho&s;e who had taken upon them the the Ma|nagement of Affairs. I de&s;ired them to ob|&s;erve how unju&s;tly the Parliament was accu&s;ed of breaking their Promi&s;es, who had promi&s;ed nothing: That &s;ome of us indeed as private Men had engaged to promote certain things in the Hou&s;e at the Reque&s;t of &s;ome Officers of the Army; but at the &s;ame time we acquainted them, that we could not an&s;wer for any thing except our own &s;incere Endeavours in that Af|fair. And yet I appealed to them&s;elves, if the Parliament had not done tho&s;e things, in which we had promi&s;ed our Endeavours, having un|dertaken to pay more than thirty thou&s;and Pounds for Mr. <HI>Richard Cromwel,</HI> whereby he would be left in the clear Po&s;&s;&s;&s;ion of about eight thou&s;and Pounds a Year, be&s;ides Woods, Plate, Jewels, and other things of Value: having pa&s;&s;ed that very Clau&s;e for Liberty of Con&s;cience which had been brought in by the
<PB N="761" REF="387"> Officers them&s;elves in their Addre&s;s; and ha|ving indemnified the Souldiery in as full and ample manner as could be de&s;ired, with re&s;pect to their pa&s;t Actions, not only Military but Civil al&s;o; with this only Re&s;ervation, that the Parliament might, if they &s;hould find Cau&s;e, call to account &s;uch as had received Bribes and exorbitant Salaries, which was only de&s;igned as a Check upon tho&s;e who had been and &s;till were Enemies to the Commonwealth. As to what related to the Chief Officers of the Army, I told them it had been made good to a tittle; for they had continued Lieutenant Gene|ral <HI>Fleetwood</HI> to be Commander in Chief of all their Forces in <HI>England</HI> and <HI>Scotland:</HI> But if it was their Intention that he &s;hould be Com|mander in Chief of the Parliament al&s;o, I con|fe&s;&s;ed my &s;elf per&s;waded that it never had en|tred into the Head of any of tho&s;e Per&s;ons be|fore-mentioned, to engage for that; and there|fore what the Parliament did in cau&s;ing him and the re&s;t of the Officers to take their Com|mi&s;&s;ions from them, and in&s;erting a Clau&s;e in that of the Commander in Chief, that it &s;hould continue during this Parliament, or till their farther Order, was no way contrary to the Pro|mi&s;e of the &s;aid Gentlemen. Neither could it be a ju&s;t Ground of Exception to tho&s;e of the Army, if their Intentions were &s;uch as they ought to be; for the Parliament being em|barqued in the &s;ame Ve&s;&s;el, would find it ne|ce&s;&s;ary, as well for their own Security as for
<PB N="762" REF="388"> that of the People, to leave the Sword in faith|ful Hands at the time of their Di&s;&s;olution, which they had fixed by a Vote of the Hou&s;e. And &s;ince they &s;till in&s;i&s;ted upon their Select Senate, I de&s;ired them to remember that I had declared in the Conference my Opinion to be, That if &s;uch a thing could be made u&s;e of for a time to pre&s;erve our Cau&s;e by an Extraordinary Power, I thought I &s;hould not be again&s;t it without better Information; but if they de&s;igned there|by to erect a Military Power, in equal or &s;upe|riour Authority to the Civil, I &s;hould oppo&s;e it to the utmo&s;t of my Ability: And had farther added, that I was fully per&s;waded I therein delivered the Sen&s;e and Intentions of the great|e&s;t part of the Parliament. To this they could make no Reply, being con&s;cious of the Truth of what I &s;aid; but having made an Agree|ment with the Clergy, as I &s;aid before, that u&s;ed to meet at the <HI>Savoy,</HI> they re&s;olved to pur|&s;ue it, and concluded, that con&s;idering the pre|&s;ent po&s;ture of Affairs, a New Parliament &s;hould be called, as the mo&s;t probable means to recon|cile all Differences. They agreed al&s;o with the Mini&s;ters, that their Maintenance by Tithes &s;hould not be taken away till another Revenue as ample and certain &s;hould be &s;ettled upon them: That &s;ome Provi&s;ions &s;hould be made for tho&s;e who differed in Faith and Wor&s;hip from the E&s;tabli&s;hed Church; but that the Quakers and &s;ome others, who&s;e Principles, they &s;aid, tended to the De&s;truction of the Civil Cociety, &s;hould not be tolerated at all.</P>
<PB N="763" REF="388">
<P> Whil&s;t the Army was thus employed, the Parliament Party was not wanting to pro|mote their Intere&s;t, and to that end form|ed a De&s;ign to get the Tower into their hands. Colonel <HI>Fitz,</HI> who was then Lieu|tenant of the Place, had con&s;ented that Co|lonel <HI>Okey,</HI> with three hundred Men, &s;hould lie di&s;per&s;ed about the Tower, prepared for the Enterprize, promi&s;ing that on a certain day he would cau&s;e the Gates to be opened early in the Morning, to let him pa&s;s in his Coach; which Opportunity Col. <HI>Okey</HI> with his Men taking, might ea&s;ily &s;eize the Guards, and po&s;&s;e&s;s him|&s;elf of the Place: and their Attempt might have &s;ucceeded, had it not, by I know not what Accident, been di&s;covered to the Lord Mayor, who informed the Army of it the Night before it was to be put in execution. Whereupon Col. <HI>Desborow,</HI> with &s;ome Forces, was &s;ent thither, who changed the Guards, &s;eized the Lieutenant of the Tower, and left Col. <HI>Miller</HI> to command there till farther Order. Another Party appeared for the Parliament in <HI>Wilt&s;hire,</HI> under the Command of Major <HI>Croke;</HI> who having told divers of my Friends in that County, that the principal Rea&s;ons of his Di&s;&s;a|tisfaction with the Proceedings of the Army had been taken from what I had &s;aid in the late Council of Officers, he prevailed with divers of them to &s;ide with him, and &s;o marched to|wards <HI>Port&s;mouth,</HI> in order to join Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig</HI> and Col. <HI>Morley,</HI> who had already
<PB N="764" REF="389"> po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ed them&s;elves of that Place, and declared for the Re&s;titution of the Parliament. About the &s;ame time <HI>Hur&s;t-</HI>Ca&s;tle was &s;ecured for the Parliament, whereby the Cummunication of tho&s;e in the <HI>I&s;le</HI> of <HI>Wight</HI> with <HI>England</HI> being rendred very difficult, they declared for the Parliament al&s;o. The Fleet began to incline to the &s;ame Coun&s;els, and di&s;patched a Me&s;&s;enger to Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig</HI> at <HI>Port&s;mouth,</HI> to a&s;&s;ure him, they would do nothing in oppo&s;ition to them. In this Conjuncture the Parliament Party re&s;olved to &s;end Col. <HI>Walton</HI> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 span"> was one of them, to communicate the pre&s;ent State of Affairs to Col. <HI>Monk,</HI> and to advi&s;e him what mea&s;ures he &s;hould take.</P>
<P>In the mean time the <HI>Wallingford-</HI>hou&s;e Par|ty, as if infatuated by a &s;uperiour Power to procure their own De&s;truction, continued ob|&s;tinately to oppo&s;e the Parliament, and fixed in their Re&s;olution to call another. On the other &s;ide, I was &s;orry to find mo&s;t of the Parliament Men as &s;tiff, in requiring an ab&s;olute Submi&s;&s;i|on to their Authority, as if no differences had happened among&s;t us, nor the Priviledges of Parliament ever been violated, peremptorily in|&s;i&s;ting upon the intire Subjection of the Army, and refu&s;ing to hearken to any Terms of Ac|commodation, tho' the Nece&s;&s;ity of Affairs &s;eemed to demand it, if we would pre&s;erve our Cau&s;e from Ruin. Therefore, tho' I had re&s;olved to depart with all convenient &s;peed to my Charge in <HI>Ireland,</HI> yet I was induced to de|fer
<PB N="765" REF="389"> my Journey for &s;ome time, at the Solicita|tion of my Friends, who per&s;waded them&s;elves that I might have Intere&s;t enough with both Parties to procure an Accommodation between them. To that end I took all occa&s;ions to mo|derate the Spirits of the Members of Parlia|ment; and that I might not render my &s;elf &s;u&s;pected to the Officers, I continued to fre|quent their Councils, which I was the more willing to do, becau&s;e the Iri&s;h Brigade that was with Col. <HI>Lambert</HI> had &s;ignified to the Council of Officers that they had cho&s;en me with Lieutenant Col. <HI>Walker,</HI> and two Gentle|men more who&s;e Names I cannot recollect, to repre&s;ent them at their Meetings.</P>
<P>At this time Col. <HI>Lockart</HI> Governour of <HI>Dun|kirk</HI> finding his Work at an end abroad by the Conclu&s;ion of a Peace between the Crowns of <HI>France</HI> and <HI>Spain,</HI> returned to <HI>England;</HI> and coming to wait on Sir <HI>Henry Vane</HI> one day at his Hou&s;e, it was my fortune to be there at the &s;ame time. In the Conver&s;ation we had, he very much lamented the Divi&s;ions that were among us, affirming that if they had not pro|ved an Ob&s;truction to him in his Negotiations, we might have had what Terms we could have asked either from <HI>France</HI> or <HI>Spain.</HI></P>
<P>The Army having re&s;olved, as I &s;aid before, to call a new Parliament, and many Difficulties ari&s;ing among&s;t them touching that matter, they referred the Con&s;ideration of it to their Committee of Safety, who having &s;pent &s;ome
<PB N="766" REF="390"> time in the Debate, reported as their Opinion to the Council of Officers, That the be&s;t way to be taken for &s;ummoning a Parliament would be to act therein according to antient Cu&s;tom, directing only &s;ome few Qualifications to be ob|&s;erved as well in the Electors as in the Per&s;ons to be elected. Which when I perceived, and that no Rules for Qualifications could po&s;&s;ibly be given and executed within the time appointed for the Parliament to meet, and that the De&s;ign of the Army tended manife&s;tly to have &s;uch a Parliament as would permit the Men of the Sword to po&s;&s;e&s;s them&s;elves of the Supream Authority; or if they &s;hould refu&s;e to be brought to that, then, being a Creature of the Army, they &s;hould be di&s;mi&s;&s;ed with Scorn, and the Power re&s;umed by the Military Men: For the prevention of the&s;e Mi&s;chiefs I propo&s;ed to the Council of Officers, that the E&s;&s;entials of our Cau&s;e might be clearly &s;tated, and decla|red inviolable by any Authority what&s;oever; and that in ca&s;e any Difference &s;hould hereafter ari&s;e between the Parliament and the Army touching tho&s;e Particulars or any of them, a certain number of Per&s;ons of known Integri|ty might be appointed by this Council finally to determine the matter. The Council having without much difficulty agreed to this Propo|&s;ition, I pre&s;umed to proceed farther; and being fully per&s;waded that if &s;uch a Power were con|ferred upon hone&s;t and di&s;intere&s;ted Per&s;ons, it would give more &s;atisfaction to good Men,
<PB N="767" REF="390"> and better provide for the Publick Safety, than to have the final Deci&s;ion of all things left to a Mercenary Army, I adventured to give in a Li&s;t of one and twenty Per&s;ons for that Ser|vice, who &s;hould be called <HI>Con&s;ervators of Li|berty.</HI> Then we went upon the Debate of &s;uch Particulars as &s;hould be referred to their Cognizance and Judgment, which were as followeth:</P>
<P N="1">1. That the Government &s;hould not be al|tered from a Commonwealth, by &s;etting up a King, &s;ingle Per&s;on, or Hou&s;e of Peers.</P>
<P N="2">2. That Liberty of Con&s;cience &s;hould not be violated.</P>
<P N="3">3. That the Army &s;hould not be dimini&s;hed, their Conduct altered, nor their Pay le&s;&s;ened without the Con&s;ent of the major part of the Con&s;ervators.</P>
<P>Having proceeded thus far, it was re&s;olved to put the Names of the Per&s;ons contained in the Li&s;t, to the Vote of the Council for their Approbation, which was done in this manner. Every one of the Council having received two &s;mall Pieces of Paper, in one of which was written an <HI>N</HI> for the Negative, and in the other an <HI>A</HI> for the Affirmative, when the Can|didate's Name was propo&s;ed, every Man put which of tho&s;e he plea&s;ed, into a Hat; which done, the Papers were taken out, and being found to agree for number with the Per&s;ons
<PB N="768" REF="391"> there pre&s;ent, if the greater number of Papers were marked with the Letter <HI>A,</HI> then the Per|&s;on propo&s;ed was accounted to be cho&s;en, other|wi&s;e to be omitted. I had contrived it &s;o that the Names of the fir&s;t &s;even or eight Per&s;ons of the Li&s;t were Officers of their own Party, except Major <HI>Saloway</HI> and Sir <HI>Henry Vane,</HI> by which means chiefly it came to pa&s;s that the two la&s;t pa&s;&s;ed without Oppo&s;ition: But then they made a Breach upon the Order, and ha|ving put my Name to the Que&s;tion again&s;t my Will, I was approved. Which when they had done, Lieutenant General <HI>Fleetwood</HI> propo|&s;ed Col. <HI>Tichburn,</HI> one who had lately moved to &s;et up <HI>Richard Cromwel</HI> again, and after him the Lord <HI>Warri&s;ton,</HI> who had publickly declared again&s;t Liberty of Con&s;cience, with Mr. <HI>Strick|land,</HI> Sir <HI>Gilbert Pickering,</HI> and two or three more, all of their Faction, and procured them to be cho&s;en in the room of Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig,</HI> Mr. <HI>Wallop,</HI> Col. <HI>Walton,</HI> Col. <HI>Morley,</HI> Mr. <HI>Henry Nevil,</HI> and Col. <HI>Monk,</HI> who were next in order upon the Li&s;t, and with whom I de|&s;igned to balance the <HI>Wallingford-</HI>Hou&s;e Party. But by putting in the&s;e Creatures in their Pla|ces, it was evident they de&s;igned nothing le&s;s than to draw the whole Power into their own Hands; and le&s;t we &s;hould doubt of their Intentions, they gave an Exclu&s;ion to Col. <HI>Rich,</HI> tho pre&s;ent, and a con&s;iderable Officer in the Army, becau&s;e they &s;u&s;pected him not to fa|vour their Arbitrary De&s;igns. Here my Pati|ence
<PB N="769" REF="391"> began to leave me, and I told them openly that &s;eeing they intended only to carry on a Faction, and to govern the Nation by the Sword, I re&s;olved to have no more to do with them, and thereupon refu&s;ed to give in my Bil|let upon the Names of the &s;ix or &s;even Per&s;ons that were la&s;t propo&s;ed: but they compleated their Number, and in the next Publick Intelli|gence cau&s;ed the Names of tho&s;e one and twen|ty Per&s;ons, whom they had elected to be the Con&s;ervators of Liberty, to be publi&s;hed to the World, with notice of their Re&s;olution to &s;ummon a new Parliament, thinking thereby to plea&s;e the People: but they were mi&s;taken, for no Man that loved his Country could approve of it. And the Cavalier Party conceived &s;uch Hopes of their own Affairs, that they grew impatient of any further Delays, and de&s;igned the De&s;truction of the Army by open Force. To that end divers of their Party, who had fled to Parts byond the Seas, returned &s;ecretly to <HI>London,</HI> and entred into the Confederacy. The time of putting their De&s;ign in execution was agreed, and the Places of Rendezvous being ten in number, all in and about the City, were appointed: But it happened again that the Ar|my received Information of the Con&s;piracy the Evening before it &s;hould have been execu|ted, and being alarmed at the Danger, they immediately &s;ent divers Parties of Hor&s;e and Foot to take po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ion of tho&s;e Places which were appointed by the Enemy for their drawing
<PB N="770" REF="392"> together; by which means they &s;eized &s;ome of them, who at twelve a Clock the &s;ame Night were already come together compleatly arm'd on a part of the Temple near the Wa|ter-&s;ide. Others of the &s;ame Company got o|ver the Walls, and e&s;caped in Boats. They took al&s;o at an Inn in <HI>London</HI> thirty Hor&s;es with Saddles and Ho&s;ters, and as many Men ready to mount them. Many more of the Con&s;pirators were taken at the &s;everal Places of Rendezvouz, where the Army had placed their Guards; and &s;ome of them confe&s;&s;ed that the Officer who commanded the Party that was placed near <HI>Pauls Church</HI> had promi&s;ed to join with them; which was not improbable, he be|ing one of tho&s;e who having never engaged in our Cau&s;e, was advanced by <HI>Oliver Cromwel</HI> as his Creature, and &s;ent to <HI>Dunkirk,</HI> from whence he had been lately recalled by the Ar|my, who&s;e Ambition he had throughly &s;econd|ed by his Votes in the Council of Officers. And tho' this Storm was by the Vigilance and Care of the Army pretty well di&s;per&s;ed; yet their in&s;olent and arbitrary Actions gave birth to other Clouds that threatned them with Ruin more than the former. For &s;oon after, the Officers that commanded the Fleet publi&s;hed a Declaration again&s;t the Arbitrary Proceedings of the <HI>Wallingford-</HI>Hou&s;e Party, rehear&s;ing the Particulars for which they had engaged in the Publick Service, and declaring their Re&s;olution to continue faithful to tho&s;e Engagements.
<PB N="771" REF="392"> This Declaration came out &s;omewhat earlier than was intended, by rea&s;on of the Arrival of Col. <HI>Okey</HI> and Mr. <HI>Scot</HI> in the Fleet, who were obliged to go thither for Protection from the Power of the Army, the former being known to have had the principal Share in the De&s;ign of &s;eizing the Tower for the Parliament: The other was not only &s;u&s;pected to have been con|cerned in that Affair, but al&s;o to keep Corre|&s;pondence with the Generals at <HI>Port&s;mouth,</HI> and with Col. <HI>Monk</HI> in <HI>Scotland.</HI> The Army ho|ping to quiet the Fleet with fair Words and large Promi&s;es, di&s;patched Col. <HI>Barrow</HI> to them, &s;uppo&s;ing him to be a proper Per&s;on to be imployed to lay them a&s;leep, becau&s;e they knew he had the good Opinion of Vice Ad|miral <HI>Law&s;on,</HI> and indeed not unde&s;ervely; for he was a Man of Probity; and tho he had been in &s;ome mea&s;ure &s;educed by their Subtle|ties, yet he was not a Confident of their Junto. But the Vice Admiral was too well acquainted with the pernicious De&s;igns of the Army, to be cajoled into a Retractation of what he had done.</P>
<P>The Cavalier Party about <HI>London</HI> finding them&s;elves di&s;appointed in their De&s;ign of de|&s;troying the Army by an In&s;urrection, attempt|ed to do it another way, and to that end en|couraged the Apprentices to meet in great Mul|titudes to petition the Aldermen and Common Council, that they would u&s;e their Endeavours to procure a Free Parliament to be &s;peedily cal|led,
<PB N="772" REF="393"> well knowing what the Con&s;equence of that would be in the pre&s;ent Conjuncture of Affairs. Many Men of the King's Party, and of de&s;perate Fortunes, intermixed them&s;elves with them, and inflamed them to &s;uch a height of Violence, that the Army thought it nece&s;&s;a|ry to &s;end a Regiment of Foot to &s;uppre&s;s them under the Command of Col. <HI>Hewet&s;on;</HI> who when he was come into the City, was affron|ted to his Face, his Men fired upon from the Windows, and Stones thrown on them from the Tops of the Hou&s;es; and as they proceed|ed in their March were &s;o pre&s;&s;ed by the Mul|titude, that the Soldiers to pre&s;erve them&s;elves from their Violence, were obliged to fire upon them, and having, killed three or four of their number, the re&s;t di&s;per&s;ed them&s;elves for that time: But Tumults were now become &s;o fre|quent in the City, that the Army-Party found them&s;elves obliged to &s;end con&s;iderable Guards thither almo&s;t every day, to &s;uppre&s;s them; one of which being commanded by Col. <HI>De&s;|borough,</HI> carried them&s;elves to roughly towards divers eminent Citizens, that they greatly di&s;|gu&s;ted the whole City. The Aldermen and Common Council not thinking it covenient o|penly to patronize the&s;e Di&s;orders, agreed upon a Paper to be pre&s;ented to the Council of Offi|cers, wherein having di&s;owned the late Tu|mults, they complained of the killing of their Men, and of the Guards that were kept in the City, de&s;iring that they might be withdrawn,
<PB N="773" REF="393"> and the Guard of the City left to the Civil Magi|&s;trate, who could not otherwi&s;e undertake to &s;e|cure the Peace, and that a Free Parliament might be forthwith called. This Paper was brought to the Council of Officers by divers Members of the Court of Aldermen and of the Com|mon Council; and being read, it was re&s;olved by tho&s;e of the Army, that if the Aldermen and Common Council would declare again&s;t the Family of the <HI>Stuarts,</HI> and promi&s;e to be true and faithful to the Commonwealth without a King, &s;ingle Per&s;on, or Hou&s;e of Lords, they would withdraw their Souldiers, and leave the City to be guarded by it &s;elf. They acquaint|ed them al&s;o that they had already re&s;olved to call a Parliament: and for the farther Satisfacti|on of the Aldermen and Common Council, they appointed &s;ix of their own number, where|of they con&s;trained me to be one, to confer with them touching the Rea&s;ons of the&s;e Re|&s;olutions, and of the late Proceedings of the Army in the City. We met at <HI>Whitehal,</HI> and after Col. <HI>Desborough</HI> had &s;pent &s;ome time in &s;hewing the nece&s;&s;ity of &s;ending part of the Army to &s;ecure the Peace of the City, and had made large Prote&s;tations of the Army's Friend|&s;hip to them, I took the Liberty to &s;ay, that tho&s;e who were Members of the Army could be&s;t inform them of their own Intentions in the late Proceedings in the City, wherein I &s;hould not intermeddle; but having this Op|portunity, and being a Well-wi&s;her to the
<PB N="774" REF="394"> Commonwealth, I would take upon me to put them in mind, that we had all been engaged together in the defence of our Rights and Li|berties again&s;t Arbitrary Power; that the City had been eminently in&s;trumental in a&s;&s;i&s;ting the Parliament and Army to carry on that weighty Affair, whereby they had acquired Honour to them&s;elves, E&s;teem among&s;t good Men, and Satisfaction in their own Minds. But withal it ought to be con&s;idered that by this they had highly incen&s;ed and vehemently provoked the Common Enemy again&s;t them, who tho they might care&s;s them for the pre&s;ent, and make them the mo&s;t &s;olemn Promi&s;es of future Kind|ne&s;s, would never forget the Aid and Support they had afforded to the Parliament during the whole Cour&s;e of the late War; but would certainly take a time to be revenged on them to the utmo&s;t. Wherefore I de&s;ired them, as they tendred the Peace of the Nation, and the Pre&s;er|vation of their Per&s;ons and E&s;tates, that they would not &s;uffer them&s;elves to be deluded by our Common Adver&s;aries, and &s;educ'd by &s;pe|cious Pretences to promote that Intere&s;t, which prevailing, would not only render all the Blood and Trea&s;ure that had been &s;pent in a&s;&s;erting our Liberties, of no u&s;e to us, but al&s;o force us under &s;uch a Yoke of Servitude, that neither we nor our Po&s;terity &s;hould be able to bear. Divers of them &s;eemed much &s;urprized at this Di&s;cour&s;e, becau&s;e they had taken other Re&s;o|lutions: yet others, and particularly Alder|man
<PB N="775" REF="394"> <HI>Fowke,</HI> expre&s;&s;ed their Approbation of what I had &s;aid, and declared their Re&s;olution to act accordingly, provided they might be a&s;&s;ured not to be governed by an Army, in which I a&s;|&s;ured them my Judgment concurred with them, which my Actions &s;hould always demon&s;trate. And as I did upon all Publick Occa&s;ions endea|vour to per&s;wade our divided Parties to unite for their Common Safety, &s;o I am not &s;en&s;ible that I neglected any private Opportunity to bring about that End. Therefore when I waited on Lieutenant General <HI>Fleetwood,</HI> which fre|quently happened, I never failed to exhort him during this unhappy Breach, that he would u&s;e his Endeavours for the Re&s;titution of the Parliament. About which being one day &s;ome|what earne&s;t with him, and having acquainted him, that finding my good Offices between the Parliament-Men and the Army, were likely to prove ineffectual, I was re&s;olved to go to my Station in <HI>Ireland.</HI> His Lady over-hearing the&s;e la&s;t Words from her Chamber, and being in|form'd that I was alone with the Lieutenant Ge|neral, &s;he came into the Room where we were, and with Tears began to lament the pre&s;ent Condition of her Husband, who, &s;he &s;aid, had been always unwilling to do any thing in oppo|&s;ition to the Parliament; a&s;&s;uring me that he was utterly ignorant of the Contrivance of the Officers at <HI>Darby,</HI> to petition the Parliament in &s;o in&s;olent a manner, and had not had any part in their Proceedings upon it afterwards: That, as
<PB N="776" REF="395"> to her&s;elf, &s;he had always &s;olicited him to comply in all things with the Orders of the Parliament; and that fearing the Con&s;equences of the Peti|tion from <HI>Darby,</HI> &s;he had taken the Original, and locked it up in her Cabinet, where it &s;till was. She de&s;ired me to defer my Journey to <HI>Ireland,</HI> till Differences &s;hould be compo&s;ed be|tween the Parliament and the Army, &s;aying, that &s;he knew I had an Intere&s;t in both, which &s;he hoped I would improve for the good of both, and not forget to do what good Offices I could for her Husband, who &s;he &s;aid had always ex|pre&s;&s;ed a great Friend&s;hip for me. I confe&s;s I was moved with the Di&s;cour&s;e of the Lady, and could have been contented to put off my Journey for <HI>Ireland</HI> &s;ome time longer, if I had not clearly &s;een it impo&s;&s;ible to adju&s;t the Diffe|rences between our contending Parties. For the Army in&s;tead of hearkning to an Accommo|dation, had not only re&s;olved to call a new Par|liament, but al&s;o publi&s;hed a Proclamation to appoint the Day and Place of their meeting. Be&s;ides, I was under no &s;mall Apprehen&s;ions that Di&s;orders might ari&s;e among&s;t the Officers in <HI>Ireland,</HI> which was my peculiar Province, and therefore I re&s;olved to ha&s;ten my Depar|ture, and acquainted the Lieutenant General that my Re&s;olution was fixed, at which both he and his Lady &s;eemed much troubled. The next Morning I went with Sir <HI>Henry Vane</HI> and Major <HI>Saloway</HI> to the Chamber of the Hor&s;e-Guard at <HI>Whitehal,</HI> where the principal Offi|cers
<PB N="777" REF="395"> u&s;ed to meet, in order to take leave of them, and to let them know how much we were di&s;&s;atisfied with the Mea&s;ures they had taken: But when we came there, we found them under great Confu&s;ion, by rea&s;on of the certain Information they had received, That the Fleet had unanimou&s;ly declared for the Re&s;titution of the Parliament. This News had wrought &s;uch an Alteration in them, that they expre&s;&s;ed to us their Readine&s;s to comply with the De&s;ires of the Fleet, &s;o it might be done upon convenient Terms, and earne&s;tly im|portuned Sir <HI>Henry Vane,</HI> and Major <HI>Saloway</HI> to go down to the Fleet with &s;ome of their Party to treat with the Commanders at Sea about the Affair. Sir <HI>Henry Vane,</HI> who was always ready to promote the Service of the Publick, accepted the Imployment without any He&s;ita|tion, tho' the Weather then was extreme &s;harp, it being in the mid&s;t of Winter, and he di&s;tem|pered with a great Cold: To him were joined Major <HI>Saloway</HI> and Col. <HI>Salmon,</HI> with Powers from the Officers of the Army, to treat with tho&s;e of the Fleet; where after they had &s;pent four or five Days in that Negotiation, they returned to make their Report to tho&s;e who had de&s;ired them to undertake that trouble, which to the be&s;t of my remembrance was to this effect: That at their fir&s;t coming on board, Mr. <HI>Scot</HI> de|clined to &s;peak with them, and Col. <HI>Okey</HI> u&s;ed them more roughly; but that by the Per&s;wa&s;i|ons of Vice Admiral <HI>Law&s;on</HI> they did at la&s;t con|&s;ent
<PB N="778" REF="396"> to a Conference, where they appeared ve|ry aver&s;e to any Propo&s;al of Terms to be made with the Parliament before their Readmi&s;&s;ion, in&s;i&s;ting upon the ab&s;olute Submi&s;&s;ion of the Army to the Authority of the Parliament.</P>
<P>Another Difficulty aro&s;e touching the Com|mi&s;&s;ioners to be appointed by the Fleet to treat with an equal Number of the Army, about the Re&s;titution of the Parliament; and the Vice Admiral having propo&s;ed Sir <HI>Henry Vane,</HI> Ma|jor <HI>Saloway,</HI> Mr. <HI>Scot,</HI> and him&s;elf, for that purpo&s;e, Mr. <HI>Scot</HI> excepted again&s;t Sir <HI>Henry Vane</HI> and Major <HI>Saloway,</HI> as Per&s;ons that had too far e&s;pou&s;ed the Intere&s;t of the Army. But the Prudence and Moderation of Vice Admiral <HI>Law&s;on</HI> removed the&s;e Ob&s;tructions, and pre|vailed with Mr. <HI>Scot</HI> to comply. The Officers of the Army gave Thanks to Sir <HI>Henry Vane</HI> and re&s;t of the Commi&s;&s;ioners for their La|bour and good Service, which made me con|ceive &s;ome hopes of a &s;peedy Accommodation, &s;ince there now &s;eemed little more remaining to be done by the Army, but to nominate their four Commi&s;&s;ioners, for which they took time till the Afternoon. But &s;o ripe were the&s;e Men for De&s;truction, and &s;o abandoned of every rea&s;onable Thought, that they knew not how to make u&s;e of this Opportunity; and in&s;tead of naming Per&s;ons to treat about the Re&s;titution of the Parliament, they u&s;ed all the Arts imagi|nable to prevail with the Council of Officers to vote a new Parliament to be called, wherein
<PB N="779" REF="396"> they &s;ucceeded &s;o much, that one of the Princi|pal of them told me in the Afternoon, that he had altered his Opinion, and was fully con|vinced that the Re&s;titution of the Parliament was the very wor&s;t Remedy that could be ap|plied to the Di&s;tempers of the Nation. After they had taken this Re&s;olution, I re&s;olved up|on my Journey for <HI>Ireland</HI> with all Expedition; and having made the nece&s;&s;ary Preparations for my Departure, I went into the Chamber where the Council of Officers accu&s;tomed to meet, and there freely told them, That the Mea&s;ures they had re&s;olved to take, if pur&s;ued, would certainly bring Ruin on them&s;elves, and po&s;&s;i|bly on the People of <HI>England.</HI> Hereupon Col. <HI>Desborow</HI> took me a&s;ide, and propo&s;ed for an Expedient, to make choice of &s;ixty Per&s;ons of the be&s;t and able&s;t of the old Parliament, to be the Select Senate that &s;hould have a Negative upon the Repre&s;entative. To which I an|&s;wered, That I hoped the Members of the Par|liament aimed only at the Promotion of the Pub|lick Good, and not at the Advancement of them&s;elves to Places of Power; but if that could be &s;uppo&s;ed to be the Di&s;ea&s;e of any of them, yet the late Experience they had of the U&s;ele&s;ne&s;s and Vanity of the other Hou&s;e, who made them&s;elves only the Objects of Scorn and Pity, would be &s;ufficient to caution them again&s;t treading in their &s;teps, and entering into a Con|te&s;t and Competition with tho&s;e that repre&s;ent|ed the whole Nation, without any other Sup|port
<PB N="780" REF="397"> but that of the Army, of who&s;e Unfaith|fulne&s;s they had already made &s;uch evident Di&s;|coveries. The &s;ame day in the Evening Lieu|tenant Col. <HI>Walker,</HI> whom I had de&s;ired to go to <HI>Wallingford-</HI>Hou&s;e, and to bring me an Ac|count of their la&s;t Re&s;ult before my Depar|ture, came to me with News that they had again changed their Mea&s;ures, and finally re|&s;olved upon the Re&s;titution of the Parliament, pretending for the Rea&s;on of this great Altera|tion, that Lieutenant General <HI>Fleetwood</HI> had been extremely di&s;turbed in his Mind the Night before, in contemplation of the Mi&s;chiefs that were likely to en&s;ue if they &s;hould proceed up|on their former Re&s;olution. But mo&s;t Men believed that the true Rea&s;ons of this &s;udden Change were taken from the Submi&s;&s;ion of their Forces that had been &s;ent to be&s;iege <HI>Port&s;|mouth,</HI> to the Generals of the Parliament, who had po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ed them&s;elves of that Place; where|of they having received an Account, began to de&s;pair of &s;ub&s;i&s;ting any longer in oppo&s;ition to the Parliament. The manner of their de&s;er|ting the Service of the Army was thus: They generally thought the Differences between the Parties not &s;ufficiently important to warrant any Actions of open Ho&s;tility, e&s;pecially the Hor&s;e, who in the Ab&s;ence of the Colonel were commanded by Major <HI>Bremen,</HI> Major to Col. <HI>Rich</HI> his Regiment. He having &s;ounded the Inclinations of the Souldiers, and informed divers of them of their Duty, gave Advice of
<PB N="781" REF="397"> his Proceedings to the Colonel, who perceiving the Officers of the Fleet, and many of tho&s;e of the Army, to de&s;ire the return of the Parlia|ment, went down privately from <HI>London</HI> to his Regiment. Being arrived before <HI>Port&s;mouth,</HI> and finding both Hor&s;e and Foot prepared for his De&s;ign, he gave notice of his Intentions to Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig</HI> and the re&s;t of the Com|manders in the Place, who having cau&s;ed the Gate to be opened, Col. <HI>Rich</HI> with the Forces that had hitherto lain before the Town as Ene|mies, marched in and joined them&s;elves to the Parliament's Generals. The next Morning af|ter the News of this Event was brought to <HI>Lon|don,</HI> the Army-Party &s;ummoned a Council of Officers, con&s;i&s;ting not only of the Standing Forces, but al&s;o of the City-Militia, and pro|po&s;ed to them an In&s;trument to &s;ign, whereby they &s;hould engage to &s;tand by each other, not|with&s;tanding the Return of the Parliament. The Officers &s;eemed unwilling to &s;ub&s;cribe the Paper, and therefore it was not peremtorily required; but being permitted to give their Ap|probation by Votes, they pa&s;&s;ed it without ma|ny Negatives, Whil&s;t this Matter was under debate, Letters were brought to Lieutenant General <HI>Fleetwood,</HI> which after he had read, he called me a&s;ide, and acquainting me with the Contents of them, he delivered them to me, and de&s;ired I would keep them private. The Sub&s;tance of them was, that a Party of the Army in <HI>Ireland</HI> had po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ed them&s;elves of
<PB N="782" REF="398"> the Ca&s;tle of <HI>Dublin,</HI> &s;eized on Col. <HI>Jones</HI> who commanded in my Ab&s;ence, taken the Commi&s;&s;ioners into Cu&s;tody, and publi&s;hed a Declaration for the Parliament, of which a Copy was inclo&s;ed in the Letters. Therein they declared the Rea&s;ons of their Proceedings to be grounded on their De&s;ires to relieve the Nation from the Government of the Sword, which they &s;aw was endeavoured to be e&s;ta|bli&s;hed not only in <HI>England,</HI> but al&s;o in <HI>Ireland,</HI> even by tho&s;e who had lately &s;igned an Addre&s;s to the Parliament, and &s;ent it over by their Commander in Chief, as they were yet plea&s;ed to call me. They acknowledged the Guilt of tho&s;e who had offered Violence to the Civil Au|thority, and their own Unworthine&s;s, &s;o far as they might have contributed to keep them from the Exerci&s;e of their ju&s;t Power, promi&s;ing to yield Obedience to their Commands for the fu|ture, and declaring their Re&s;olution to join with the Generals at <HI>Port&s;mouth,</HI> Col. <HI>Monk,</HI> and Vice Admiral <HI>Law&s;on,</HI> in order to procure the Re&s;titution of the Parliament. Having read this Declaration, and finding it to agree with my Sen&s;e of the Publick Affairs, and &s;igned by my Brother-in-law Col. <HI>Kemp&s;on,</HI> with many others of known Integrity, I could not refu&s;e to give it my Approbation: But when I had con&s;idered that it was al&s;o &s;ub|&s;cribed by Col. <HI>Theophilus Jones,</HI> who upon all Occa&s;ions had &s;hewed him&s;elf a principal In|&s;trument of Mi&s;chief among&s;t us, and by Col.
<PB N="783" REF="398"> <HI>Bridges</HI> and others, who had been very active to &s;upport the U&s;urpation of the <HI>Cromwels,</HI> I became doubtful what Judgment to make of it. However, having &s;een things brought to an i&s;&s;ue in <HI>England,</HI> I concluded it to be my Duty to ha&s;ten to my Charge in <HI>Ireland,</HI> that if their Intentions were ju&s;t and hone&s;t, I might encou|rage and a&s;&s;i&s;t them; and if I &s;hould find them otherwi&s;e inclined, that I might endeavour to reduce them to their Duty. Therefore having taken leave of my Friends and Relations, I de|parted from <HI>London,</HI> and being on my way to <HI>Che&s;ter,</HI> in order to imbark for <HI>Ireland,</HI> I received Letters by a Me&s;&s;enger &s;ent on purpo&s;e from my Brother <HI>Kemp&s;on,</HI> by which I under&s;tood that the Surprizal of <HI>Dublin</HI> had been princi|pally contrived and carried on by Col. <HI>Bridges,</HI> Lieutenant Colonel <HI>Warren,</HI> Major <HI>Warden,</HI> Major <HI>Warren,</HI> Capt. <HI>Joyner,</HI> and Col. <HI>Theo|philus Jones:</HI> That the Pretence of their meet|ing together at <HI>Dublin</HI> was to petition for a Ge|neral Council of Officers, that the Sen&s;e of the Army there touching the Publick Affairs might be fairly collected and repre&s;ented. Tho&s;e who had the immediate Managment of things in <HI>Ireland</HI> having refu&s;ed to grant their Reque&s;t, the Officers above-mentioned re&s;olved to put their De&s;ign in execution; and having gained the greate&s;t part of a Foot Company that was quartered in the Armory near the Iron Gate of the Ca&s;tle, they ordered three of the private Souldiers who were be&s;t known to the Sentinel
<PB N="784" REF="399"> that was upon the Guard, to de&s;ire him to open the Gate, and to let them in to do &s;ome Bu&s;ine&s;s which they pretended to have in the Ca&s;tle. But &s;o &s;oon as the Sentinel had opened the Gate, the three Souldiers &s;ecured him, and immedi|ately after the re&s;t of their Confederates, with Major <HI>Warden</HI> at the Head of them, ru&s;hed in and &s;urprized the Guard. Being thus po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ed of the Ca&s;tle, they &s;eized upon Col. <HI>John Jones,</HI> and &s;ent Major <HI>Warren</HI> to take into his Cu&s;tody Mr. <HI>Corbet</HI> and Col. <HI>Thomlin&s;on,</HI> the other two Commi&s;&s;ioners, which he did as they were coming from the Church. My Brother <HI>Kemp&s;on</HI> was at this time in my Lodgings in the Ca&s;tle, and heard nothing of this Action, till &s;ome of the principal Per&s;ons concerned came to him, and acquainted him with what had pa&s;&s;ed, de&s;iring him to join with them, which he thought fit to promi&s;e. Then they &s;ent to Sir <HI>Hardre&s;s Waller,</HI> giving him an account of their Succe&s;s, and de&s;ired his A&s;&s;i&s;tance, tho he had not been made acquainted with their De|&s;ign. My Brother al&s;o informed me, that tho he had contributed towards drawing up the De|claration of this Party to be be&s;t Advantage he could for the Publick Intere&s;t, yet he was &s;o un&s;atisfied with the Spirit and Principles of the&s;e Men, that he was very hardly per&s;waded to &s;ign it. The Hor&s;e that were in the Town had for the mo&s;t part joined with this Party; but a Company of Foot of Col. <HI>Lawrence</HI> his Regiment being got together upon this Alarm,
<PB N="785" REF="399"> and &s;olicited to declare with them for the Par|liament, made an&s;wer, That they knew not what Parliament they meant; but that they were re&s;olved to be faithful to the Parliament, and to me their Commander in Chief. In the&s;e Words mo&s;t of the Forces in <HI>Ireland</HI> af|terwards declared; and Sir <HI>Hardre&s;s Waller</HI> de|&s;ired my Brother <HI>Kemp&s;on</HI> to let me know, that he had carried his Life in his Hand, and ha|zarded all in this Affair for my &s;ake. And that there might be no want of Prote&s;tations, Ma|jor <HI>Warden</HI> him&s;elf told my Brother, that tho' I thought him a Cavalier, yet I &s;hould find him as faithful to the Commonwealth as any Man. Yet for all this my Brother acquainted me, that he much doubted the Sincerity of their Intentions, and the rather, becau&s;e Sir <HI>Charles-Coote</HI> had &s;eized <HI>Galway,</HI> and turned out Col. <HI>Sadler</HI> the Governour of that Place; that he had impri&s;oned Major <HI>Ormisby,</HI> an Offi|cer of Courage and Hone&s;ty, and had drawn together a con&s;iderable Body both of Hor&s;e and Foot, con&s;i&s;ting chiefly of the Engli&s;h-Iri&s;h. Therefore he concluded that I would lo&s;e no time, but ha&s;ten to them with all po&s;&s;i|ble Expedition. Having received this Account of the Affairs of <HI>Ireland,</HI> and being per&s;waded that Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig</HI> was like to have a great Influence upon the Publick Coun&s;els, I &s;ent him a Copy of my Letter, and earne&s;tly de&s;ired him to take care not to be &s;educed by fair Pro|mi&s;es and &s;pecious Pretences, to &s;trengthen the
<PB N="786" REF="400"> Hands of tho&s;e in whom he never had found, nor was like to find any ju&s;t Grounds of Con|fidence. Before my Departure from <HI>Che&s;ter</HI> I made a Vi&s;it, and took leave of Col. <HI>Croxton</HI> Governour of that Place, who, as he had always done, gave me all po&s;&s;ible Demon&s;tration of his Affection to the Commonwealth. From thence I went to <HI>Beaumaris,</HI> where I found a Ship of War carrying about thirty Guns, com|manded by Capt. <HI>Aldworth.</HI> And tho I had no Order from any &s;uperiour Powers, yet the Captain promi&s;ed, if he could get out of the Harbour, to &s;et &s;ail for <HI>Ireland</HI> the next Morn|ing. Which having done according to his Pro|mi&s;e, we ca&s;t Anchor the day after in the Bay of <HI>Bullock</HI> over again&s;t my Hou&s;e at <HI>Monck|town.</HI> But not thinking it prudent to go a&s;hore till I had farther informed my &s;elf of the State of Affairs, I writ a Letter to Sir <HI>Hardre&s;s Waller,</HI> and the re&s;t of the Officers, to acquaint them, that the Parliament being again re&s;tored to their Authority, according to their De&s;ires expre&s;&s;ed in their Addre&s;s and late Declaration, wherein I concurred in Judgment with them, I was come over to join with them, and to afford them my A&s;&s;i&s;tance to accompli&s;h tho&s;e things for which they had declared. This Letter I &s;ent to them by our Deputy-Advocate; and when the Boat went off, Capt. <HI>Aldworth</HI> cau&s;ed his Guns to be fired, which gave notice to tho&s;e at <HI>Dublin</HI> of my Arrival. At the Return of the Boat my Brother <HI>Kemp&s;on,</HI> accompanied by
<PB N="787" REF="400"> divers Officers, came on board and informed me, that the Affairs of <HI>Ireland</HI> were in a much wor&s;e Condition than at the time he had writ|ten to me in <HI>England,</HI> by rea&s;on of the Preva|lency of Sir <HI>Charles Coote,</HI> who with one or two more influenced the whole Council of Officers as they plea&s;ed; and that all tho&s;e who had been di&s;placed for Debauchery or Di&s;affection, had joined with him: By which means divers Officers of known Affection to the Publick had been obliged to quit their Po&s;ts, and yield their Gari&s;ons to his Creatures: That Col. <HI>Brayfield</HI> Governour of <HI>Athlone,</HI> having refu&s;ed to &s;ur|render that Place to Sir <HI>Charles Coote,</HI> he had drawn his Forces before it, and by tampering with &s;ome of the Garri&s;on, and fal&s;ely affirm|ing that the Governour would deliver them up to him, he had prevailed with them to &s;et open the Gates of the Ca&s;tle, and to betray their Governour into his hands: That upon this En|couragement he had marched to <HI>Dublin</HI> with a con&s;iderable Body of Hor&s;e, among&s;t whom he had di&s;tributed a great Sum of Money to &s;ecure them to his Intere&s;t: That the like Suc|ce&s;s had attended divers others of his A&s;&s;ociates in &s;everal Parts of that Country, particularly that Col. <HI>Edmund Temple</HI> had po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ed him&s;elf of <HI>Carlo,</HI> whereof Col. <HI>Pretty</HI> was Governour: That Capt. <HI>Li&s;le</HI> had di&s;po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ed Lieutenant Colonel <HI>Desborough</HI> of <HI>Drogheda;</HI> and that Major <HI>Wil&s;on</HI> had &s;ei&s;ed <HI>Limerick,</HI> whereof Col. <HI>Nel|&s;on</HI> had been made Governour by me: That
<PB N="788" REF="401"> Major <HI>Stanley,</HI> whom I had permitted upon his Reque&s;t to &s;tay in the Citadel of <HI>Clonmel</HI> 'till his Wife, who was ready to lie down, &s;hould be brought to Bed, had made u&s;e of the Oppor|tunity to po&s;&s;e&s;s him&s;elf of that Place: That Col. <HI>Cooper,</HI> whom I had entru&s;ted to command &s;ome Forces in the North, had fallen &s;ick upon the late Change, and was &s;ince dead; and that his Lieutenant Colonel had been &s;eized by a Party of his own Souldiers, and brought Pri&s;o|ner to <HI>Dublin,</HI> where a Sum of Money was given to them for that Service: And that Lieu|tenant Colonel <HI>Fowke,</HI> with the A&s;&s;i&s;tance of the Cavalier Party, had &s;eized upon <HI>Youghal.</HI> My Brother al&s;o informed me, that Sir <HI>Charles Coote</HI> and tho&s;e who had &s;eized the Power into their hands, had prevailed with the Council of Officers to pa&s;s a Vote, not to receive me as Commander in Chief, 'till the Plea&s;ure of the Parliament &s;hould be &s;ignified to them, pre|tending me to be an Enemy to the Parliament, and in the Intere&s;t of the Army. In the mean time Col. <HI>Phair</HI> Governour of <HI>Cork,</HI> Col. <HI>Saun|ders</HI> Governour of <HI>Kin&s;ale,</HI> Col. <HI>Richards</HI> Go|vernour of <HI>Wexford,</HI> and Lieutenant Colonel <HI>Arnop</HI> Governour of <HI>Inniskillin,</HI> had declared for the Parliament, but refu&s;ed to obey the Or|ders of tho&s;e at <HI>Dublin.</HI> In this Confu&s;ion were the Affairs of <HI>Ireland,</HI> two Parties contending and accounting each other Enemies, and yet both declaring for the Parliament. Having re|ceived this Information, and being fully con|vinced
<PB N="789" REF="401"> of the ill Intentions of this Party, how|ever they &s;ought to di&s;gui&s;e their Actions under the &s;pecious Pretext of Affection to the Parlia|ment, &s;ince I could not do what I de&s;ired for the Publick Service, yet I re&s;olved to endea|vour to act as I ought, in the di&s;charge of that Tru&s;t which the Parliament had repo&s;ed in me. And that end I writ Letters, and directed them to the Commanders of Gari&s;ons, and to the Officers of Regiments, of who&s;e Fidelity I had the be&s;t A&s;&s;urance, acquainting them with the Return of the Parliament to the Exer|ci&s;e of their Authority, A&s;&s;uring them of my con&s;tant Affections to the Parliament, and my Re&s;olution to adhere to them, requiring the Commanders and Officers of the re&s;pective Ga|ri&s;ons and Regiments, as they valued the Cau&s;e of God and their Country, to continue faithful to the Parliament, and to withdraw from tho&s;e, who under pretence of declaring for the Parlia|ment, had u&s;urped the Power, which they de|&s;igned to u&s;e for their De&s;truction, and for the Re-e&s;tabli&s;hment of Arbitrary Power among&s;t us. Therein I al&s;o ordered them to draw into con&s;iderable Bodies, if po&s;&s;ible, and to defend them&s;elves again&s;t tho&s;e who &s;hould adventure to attack them; and if they &s;hould be over|power'd, to draw towards <HI>Mun&s;ter,</HI> where I would endeavour, with what Force I could get together, to give them my A&s;&s;i&s;tance, pro|mi&s;ing to ju&s;tify them in their Refu&s;al to obey any of tho&s;e who derived not their Authority
<PB N="790" REF="402"> from the Parliament, or Me. The&s;e Letters I put into the hands of one <HI>Mildmay,</HI> who had accompanied my Brother <HI>Kemp&s;on</HI> to me, with Orders to deliver them as they were directed, which he promi&s;ed faithfully to perform. The next Morning one of my Servants, whom I had &s;ent to buy &s;ome Provi&s;ions for us, returned on board, and informed me, that as &s;oon as tho&s;e at <HI>Dublin</HI> had received notice of my Arrival, they &s;ent a Party of Hor&s;e to my Hou&s;e, with Orders to &s;eize me; who not finding me there, had marched towards the Sea &s;ide, where they lay privately, in hopes to &s;urprize me at my Landing. Notwith&s;tanding which our Boat, being well manned and armed, came back &s;afe to the Ship with &s;ome Provi&s;ions. The next day we &s;aw a Ve&s;&s;el coming from <HI>England,</HI> which proving to be the Packet-Boat, I open|ed the Mail, and found therein more plainly what I &s;u&s;pected before, e&s;pecially in one of the Letters to Col. <HI>Theophilus Jones,</HI> wherein &s;ome mention being made of the Affairs of <HI>Charles Stuart,</HI> it was thus corrected, <HI>But no more of that till the next Summer.</HI> This Letter with &s;ome others I kept, and permitted the Ma&s;ter of the Packet-Boat to carry the re&s;t to the Town. About Noon Capt. <HI>Lucas</HI> came to me on board, with an An&s;wer to the Letter I had &s;ent the day before to the Officers at <HI>Dub|lin,</HI> wherein they expre&s;&s;ed great Joy for the Re&s;titution of the Parliament, and acquainted me with the Re&s;olution of their Council of
<PB N="791" REF="402"> Officers concerning me, on &s;u&s;picion that I had taken part with the Army again&s;t the Parlia|ment. They al&s;o informed me, that they had di&s;patched a Me&s;&s;age to the Parliament's Gene|rals, for Orders from them, or the Parliament, for their future Conduct, de&s;iring in the mean time that I would, for avoiding Inconveni|encies, retire into <HI>England,</HI> prote&s;ting them|&s;elves ready to obey me as their Commander in Chief, &s;o &s;oon as the Plea&s;ure of the Parliament, or their General's, &s;hould be &s;ignified to that purpo&s;e. This Me&s;&s;enger gave me al&s;o the Copy of a Letter from Col. <HI>Monk</HI> to Col. <HI>John Jones,</HI> which, he &s;aid, had been found among&s;t the Colonel's Papers at the time when he was &s;eized, by which <HI>Monk</HI> endeavoured to per|&s;wade him of his Affection to the Cau&s;e of the Commonwealth, with a &s;olemn Profe&s;&s;ion of his Re&s;olution to be true and faithful to the Parliament, and to oppo&s;e to the death the &s;et|ting up a King, &s;ingle Per&s;on, or Hou&s;e of Lords. Capt. <HI>Lucas</HI> being ready to return to <HI>Dublin,</HI> I gave him my Reply to the An&s;wer he brought me from the Officers, appealing to their own Con&s;ciences for my Adherence and Affection to the Parliament, telling them, that the Duty of my Charge would not permit me to return to <HI>England</HI> in &s;uch a Conjuncture: That I had received my Commi&s;&s;ion from the Parliament, and did not find that it enjoined me to obey the Commands of tho&s;e, who for the mo&s;t part had no Commi&s;&s;ions from them:
<PB N="792" REF="403"> That I was re&s;olved to pro&s;ecute, as far as I was able, the Ends of my Commi&s;&s;ion for the Service of the Parliament, by whom I was en|tru&s;ted; requiring them to forbear any Oppo&s;i|tion again&s;t me, as they would an&s;wer for the Blood that might be &s;hed in the Di&s;pute. I ac|quainted Capt. <HI>Lucas</HI> with the Sub&s;tance of my Letter; who thereupon propo&s;ed, that &s;eeing I was confident of my good Intentions, and that both my &s;elf and tho&s;e at <HI>Dublin</HI> aimed at the &s;ame thing, I would go to them, and by &s;atisfying their Scruples, adju&s;t the Differences between us. But I told him, that I was too well informed of their Principles and De&s;igns to put my &s;elf into their hands. Then, &s;aid he, you do not think us to be for the Parlia|ment? No indeed, &s;aid I; and it is mo&s;t ma|nife&s;t to me, that the De&s;ign of tho&s;e who now govern the Council of Officers, tho at pre&s;ent it be covered with Pretences for the Parliametn, is to de&s;troy both them and their Friends, and to bring in the Son of the late King.</P>
<P>Perceiving the Pa&s;&s;age to <HI>Dublin</HI> to be barr'd again&s;t me, and being di&s;appointed of &s;ome far|ther Provi&s;ions that I had &s;ent for; the Enemy, for &s;uch they had declared them&s;elves to me, not permitting them to be brought on board, I re&s;olved to try if I could find Reception from any other Gari&s;on on the Coa&s;t, hoping that the Parliament would in a &s;hort time take off the pretended Objection again&s;t me, that I was an Enemy to them. Or if they &s;hould &s;o far
<PB N="793" REF="403"> abandon the Care of their own Safety, to leave the Power in the hands of the&s;e U&s;urpers, I &s;hould yet have the Satisfaction of having done all that I could to di&s;charge the Tru&s;t they had placed in me. But before I departed from the Bay of <HI>Dublin,</HI> I di&s;patched a Relation of my Wife to <HI>England</HI> by the Packet Boat, with Letters for the Parliament, wherein I gave them the be&s;t Account I could of the State of Affairs in <HI>Ireland,</HI> and de&s;ired their In&s;tructi|ons how to govern my &s;elf in &s;o nice a Con|juncture; a&s;&s;uring them, that as I had never been &s;olicitous to procure the Employment wherein their Favour had placed me, &s;o I could be well contented to withdraw from that publick Station if they &s;hould think fit to recal me from it. To the&s;e Letters I added others for Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig</HI> and Mr. <HI>Scot,</HI> with Co|pies of &s;ome of the Letters which I had inter|cepted coming from <HI>England</HI> for tho&s;e at <HI>Dub|lin.</HI> Having di&s;patched the Packet-Boat, we &s;et &s;ail for <HI>Duncannon,</HI> where I had placed one Capt. <HI>Skynner</HI> to command, in whom I had great Confidence, and the next Morning about eight or nine of the Clock we were in view of the Shoar near <HI>Wexford.</HI> Being come within a League of <HI>Duncannon,</HI> and not knowing in who&s;e hands that Place might be in this &s;trange Revolution of Affairs, I &s;ent a Me&s;&s;enger to Capt. <HI>Alland,</HI> whom I had made Governour of the Fort at <HI>Pa&s;&s;age,</HI> to be informed by him of their Condition. The next Morning our Me&s;|&s;enger
<PB N="794" REF="404"> returned with the Captain and two or three more, who acquainted me, that tho no means had been left unattempted to procure the Fort of <HI>Duncannon</HI> to be delivered to tho&s;e at <HI>Dublin,</HI> that Capt. <HI>Skynner</HI> had con&s;tantly re|fu&s;ed to obey any Orders not proceeding from the Parliament or Me. He al&s;o informed me, that Col. <HI>Richards</HI> Governour of <HI>Wexford,</HI> Col. <HI>Phair</HI> Governour of <HI>Cork,</HI> and Col. <HI>Saunders</HI> Governour of <HI>Kin&s;ale,</HI> had acted in the like manner, and that he had hopes that tho&s;e of <HI>Waterford</HI> would al&s;o declare for me, having promi&s;ed &s;o to do when I &s;hould arrive. But that the Per&s;on I had intru&s;ted with the Com|mand of <HI>Kilkenny</HI> had been frighted out of his Government; and that Lieutenant Col. <HI>Hurd,</HI> who had been removed for his vicious Life and Di&s;affection to the Publick, was got into the Place. Being informed of the&s;e Particulars, I landed the &s;ame day in the Evening at <HI>Dun|cannon,</HI> where I was received with great De|mon&s;trations of Joy by Capt. <HI>Skynner</HI> the Go|vernour, and the Gari&s;on, who at my Arrival fired their Guns round the Fort, and were an|&s;wered by tho&s;e from our Ship of War that lay in the Harbour, by which means tho&s;e of <HI>Wa|terford</HI> had notice of my Landing. Doubting what the i&s;&s;ue of things might be, I took a view of the Place; and having perceived that the Gari&s;on was not &s;ufficiently provided either with Men or Provi&s;ions, I took the be&s;t Care I could for their Supply. To this end one of the
<PB N="795" REF="404"> Officers having engaged to bring in the greate&s;t part of a Foot Company in the Regiment of Col. <HI>Stephens,</HI> I &s;ent him out with Orders to that purpo&s;e. I di&s;patched a Me&s;&s;enger al&s;o to my Tenants at <HI>Bally-Magger,</HI> which lay not far from us, to de&s;ire them to furni&s;h me with Corn, Beef, and other Nece&s;&s;aries. I revictu|alled our Men of War, who&s;e Provi&s;ions were almo&s;t &s;pent, and borrowed divers Sums of Money of my Friends in the Parts adjacent, which I knew to be of &s;ingular U&s;e in ca&s;e of Extremity. Having done this, I &s;ent Letters to Col. <HI>Leigh,</HI> Governour of <HI>Waterford,</HI> and to the re&s;t of the Officers there, acquainting them with the Re&s;titution of the Parliament, and with my Arrival at <HI>Duncannon,</HI> in order to promote their Service, wherein I required them to afford me their A&s;&s;i&s;tance. I wrote Letters al&s;o to Col. <HI>Puckle</HI> Governour of <HI>Ro&s;s,</HI> to the &s;ame effect, and di&s;patched others to Col. <HI>Richards,</HI> Col. <HI>Phair,</HI> and Col. <HI>Saunders,</HI> to encourage them to continue to act as they had hitherto done. From <HI>Waterford</HI> I had a civil Return to my Me&s;&s;age brought by &s;ome of their Officers, who came to make me a Vi&s;it; but I could not get a po&s;itive An&s;wer from them to the Contents of my Letter. And I &s;till in&s;i&s;ting that they would declare them|&s;elves, they &s;ent one Capt. <HI>Bolton</HI> and three other Per&s;ons to me, de&s;iring that I would &s;ati&s;|fie them touching the Objection that had been given out again&s;t me, that I was an Enemy to
<PB N="796" REF="405"> the Parliament; which having done, as I might well, they departed in appearance well &s;atisfied. In the mean time Col. <HI>Temple</HI> with &s;ome Hor&s;e was ordered to block up the Fort of <HI>Duncannon;</HI> and having po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ed him&s;elf of the Ways lead|ing to it, one of his Parties &s;topped &s;ome Coun|try People that were bringing &s;ome Black Cattle for the u&s;e of the Gari&s;on; which having per|ceived, I ordered a Party of Foot, being alto|gether de&s;titute of Hor&s;e, to go by a &s;hort Way, and to po&s;t them&s;elves in a Pa&s;s through which they were to return: and tho they came too late to recover the Cattel, yet they prevail|ed with divers of the Party to come to me into the Fort, where they a&s;&s;ured me that they had been brought before us merely in obedience to their &s;uperior Officers, and were much troubled at the Differences among&s;t us; they acknowledged that they had long &s;erved under me, and were more willing to continue to do &s;o &s;till, than to &s;erve under any other Per&s;on; and that under&s;tanding that both the contending Parties waited for the Signification of the Par|liament's Plea&s;ure concerning the Publick Af|fairs, they promi&s;ed to withdraw from the Fort, and to come no more again&s;t us. By which it may farther appear how unwilling the Forces on both &s;ides were to come to any open Acts of Ho&s;tility, it being not ea&s;y for Men in an ordinary Station, unacquainted with Publick Coun&s;els, and of ordinary Capacities, &s;o &s;oon to di&s;cern the way to their Duty through
<PB N="797" REF="405"> the &s;pecious Pretences of each Party. But the Cabal at <HI>Dublin</HI> re&s;olving to carry on their wicked De&s;ign by Force, if they could not do it by Fraud, di&s;placed by their own u&s;urped Authority all the Field Officers of the Ar|my, except Major <HI>Ed. Warren,</HI> with mo&s;t of the other Officers that the Parliament had com|mi&s;&s;ionated, filling their Places with the mo&s;t vicious and di&s;affected Per&s;ons they could find. Which having done, they cau&s;ed a Report to be publi&s;hed, that Sir <HI>Charles Coote</HI> with a con|&s;iderable Force would come to be&s;iege me in <HI>Duncannon,</HI> whereby they obtained this Ad|vantage, that our Enemies in <HI>Waterford</HI> were incouraged to appear openly, and our Friends, uncertain of the Event, would not venture to declare them&s;elves. Be&s;ides, Col. <HI>Leigh</HI> their Go|vernour began now openly to &s;ide with tho&s;e at <HI>Dublin,</HI> either from his Malice to me for repro|ving him formerly for his Zeal in &s;upporting the U&s;urpation of <HI>Cromwel,</HI> or from a &s;elfi&s;h Prin|ciple that was natural to him, of joining always with the ri&s;ing Party; tho being an Anabapti&s;t, he might have con&s;idered, that he was not likely to find much Favour with the Grandees at <HI>Dublin.</HI></P>
<P>The Enemy, as had been before reported, drew down before <HI>Duncannon;</HI> and Capt. <HI>Scot,</HI> Son to Mr. <HI>Scot</HI> a Member of the Parliament, whom I have had occa&s;ion frequently to men|tion, &s;ent a Letter to inform me, that being ap|pointed by the Officers at <HI>Dublin</HI> to reduce the
<PB N="798" REF="406"> Place to the Obedience of the Parliament, he was come thither to that purpo&s;e. Having read his Letter, I wrote an An&s;wer to it, and communicated them both to the Officers and Souldiers of the Garri&s;on. In my An&s;wer I told him that we were really for that, which they only pretended as a Colour to wor&s;e De&s;igns; that I acted by the Authority of the Parliament, and &s;hould endeavour faithfully to di&s;charge my Duty; requiring them forthwith to depart, and return to the Obedience of tho&s;e to whom they owed it, as they would an&s;wer the con|trary to God and Man. I de&s;ired the Captain to communicate my An&s;wer to tho&s;e that were with him, as I a&s;&s;ured him I had done his Let|ter to the Officers and Souldiers of my Garri&s;on. Whil&s;t the&s;e things were doing, Sir <HI>Charles Coote,</HI> Col. <HI>Theophilus Jones,</HI> and the re&s;t of the Cabal at <HI>Dublin,</HI> &s;ent one Capt. <HI>Campbel</HI> to Col. <HI>Monk,</HI> to acquaint him with the Progre&s;s they had made; upon which he cau&s;ed the Cannon at <HI>Berwick</HI> to be fired in te&s;timony of his Joy, and &s;ent back the Me&s;&s;enger to them with Let|ters of Thanks for their good Service, de&s;iring them not to re&s;tore the Commi&s;&s;ioners of the Parliament, whom they had &s;eized, to the exerci&s;e of their Authority: But as I afterwards under&s;tood by &s;ome of <HI>Coote</HI>'s Party, he men|tioned nothing concerning me in his Letters, not knowing, as I pre&s;ume, but that I might be in a condition to retard, if not totally ob&s;truct his Grand De&s;ign, as probably I had done, with
<PB N="799" REF="406"> the Ble&s;&s;ing of God, if the Parliament had not abandoned me, and their own Intere&s;t at the &s;ame time, by the influence of <HI>Monk</HI>'s Party in the Hou&s;e. The Junto at <HI>Dublin</HI> being very de&s;irous to remove me from the Po&s;t where I was, called a Council of Officers, and having drawn up a Letter to ju&s;tify their Proceedings again&s;t me, they procured it to be &s;igned and &s;ent to me from the Council, endeavouring therein to defame me with all po&s;&s;ible Malice, charging me with neglecting the Duty of my Imployment in <HI>Ireland,</HI> when upon the late Interruption of the Parliament I had rather cho&s;en to continue my Journey to <HI>London,</HI> than to return to the di&s;charge of my Office; accu|&s;ing me for divers Pa&s;&s;ages in my Letters which they had intercepted; in one of which, having called Col. <HI>John Jones,</HI> Dear Friend, they would have it interpreted, that I thereby approved his Corre&s;pondence with the <HI>Wallingford-</HI>Hou&s;e Party: And in another having expre&s;&s;ed my De&s;ire to moderate things between the Parlia|ment and the Army, they improved it to a very great Crime, alledging that Men ought to obey, and not to capitulate with the Parliament; adding, that when I &s;aw I could do no more in oppo&s;ition to the Parliament, I had refu&s;ed to wait their &s;itting, and departed for <HI>Ireland</HI> a Day or two before their Re&s;titution, where I had endeavoured to &s;erve the Army by my Intere&s;t in the di&s;affected Party; that finding <HI>Dublin</HI> to be &s;ecured for the Parliament by tho&s;e
<PB N="800" REF="407"> who obeyed their Orders, and would obey me as their Commander in Chief, if the Parlia|ment thought fit to continue that Power to me, I had not only refu&s;ed to return to <HI>England</HI> till their Plea&s;ure in that Affair might be known, but al&s;o had endeavoured by all ho&s;tile means to get the Power into my hands, at the &s;ame time neglecting my Duty in Parliament, which they &s;aid I might have been doing, had not my Mi&s;carriages rendred me uncapable of that Honour. Having peru&s;ed this Letter, I thought my &s;elf obliged to an&s;wer it, as well to clear my &s;elf from the&s;e Calumnies, as to prevent the Effect it might otherwi&s;e have among&s;t unwary Men, which was e&s;pecially to be regarded in this Conjuncture, becau&s;e they had taken care to print and di&s;per&s;e their Libel again&s;t me. I told them in my An&s;wer, that they well knew that in my Letters to Col. <HI>Jones,</HI> which they had intercepted, I had expre&s;&s;ed my Di&s;like of his Corre&s;pondence with the Army, tho ha|ving received Civilities from him, and becau&s;e he had his Sword in his Hand, I thought it not imprudent to keep fair with him, which was probably the rea&s;on why they them&s;elves were not more plainly dealt with by the Parliament: That notwith&s;tanding their Pretences of Obe|dience to the Parliament, I wi&s;hed I might not &s;ee the Day when they &s;hould po&s;itively re|fu&s;e to obey their Commands, to the de&s;tru|ction of their Authority, and the Advancement of a contrary Intere&s;t; tho, to &s;erve the pre|&s;ent
<PB N="801" REF="407"> turn, they now blamed me for endeavour|ing, in the mid&s;t of the Confu&s;ion that the Ambition of the Army had brought upon us, to moderate things &s;o, that their Authority might have been re&s;tored, and the Publick Cau&s;e pre&s;erved from Ruin: That the Rea&s;ons of my not returning to my Command upon advice of the late Interruption were; fir&s;t, becau&s;e I knew it to be the Intere&s;t of the Par|liament and the Army to unite, both being in a certain way to ruin, if they did not; and that therefore I was incouraged to attempt it: And in the next place, becau&s;e I had &s;een the Letter which was &s;ent from the Officers at <HI>London</HI> to tho&s;e in <HI>Ireland,</HI> wherein they had declared that they had only ob&s;tructed their Sitting for a while: Thirdly, I hoped at my Departure I had left the Affairs of <HI>Ireland</HI> in good Hands; and at the wor&s;t, I was per&s;waded it mu&s;t of nece&s;&s;ity follow the Fate of <HI>England.</HI> La&s;tly, I doubted not that by fixing the Iri&s;h Brigade, which was in <HI>England,</HI> to the Intere&s;t of the Parliament, I &s;hould contribute more to their Service, than by the be&s;t Regulation that could be made of the Forces in <HI>Ireland:</HI> That the Cau&s;e of my la&s;t Return to <HI>Ireland</HI> was taken from the knowledge I had of the Per&s;ons that had a&s;&s;umed the Power into their Hands, and the Duty that lay upon me to u&s;e the be&s;t of my Endeavours to put a &s;top to tho&s;e malignant De&s;igns, which I had rea&s;on to believe their Principles would lead them to carry on: That
<PB N="802" REF="408"> they mu&s;t pardon me, if I followed not their Advice of returning to <HI>England,</HI> when I was in the Bay of <HI>Dublin,</HI> having it not in my In|&s;tructions to obey them; and being as fully &s;atisfied of their Intentions to make u&s;e of their Power, under pretence of &s;erving the Parlia|ment, to undermine and de&s;troy their Friends, as I was that my own Endeavours were directed wholly to their Service, and that it was my Duty, as far as I could, to pro&s;ecute the Ends of that Commi&s;&s;ion with which they had intru&s;t|ed me. Before I had &s;ent away this Letter, I received the a&s;toni&s;hing News that the Parli|ament had &s;ent to the Officers at <HI>Dublin</HI> an Ac|knowledgment of their Service, in declaring for them; and about a Week after the &s;aid Officers &s;ent a Letter to be delivered to me, &s;igned by <HI>William Lenthal,</HI> Speaker of the Parliament, to de&s;ire me by their Order to attend the Par|liament, with an Account of the Affairs of <HI>Ire|land,</HI> that upon con&s;ideration thereof, &s;uch a Cour&s;e might be taken, as might &s;ecure the Publick Intere&s;t there. Letters to the &s;ame ef|fect were written, as I was informed, to Col. <HI>John Jones,</HI> Col. <HI>Thomlin&s;on,</HI> and Mr. <HI>Miles Cor|bet,</HI> Commi&s;&s;ioners for the Parliament in <HI>Ire|land.</HI> By the&s;e Letters I perceived that the Parlia|ment was reduced to a di&s;honourable Compli|ance with tho&s;e who had got the A&s;cendant over them; and therefore having received their Comands to attend them, I re&s;olved to do it as &s;oon as I could, hoping by the Account I
<PB N="803" REF="408"> &s;hould give them, to awaken their Care, and if they were not wholly infatuated, per&s;wade them to make a timely Provi&s;ion again&s;t the Dangers that &s;o vi&s;ibly threatned them with &s;udden De&s;truction. The Enemy thought I would have &s;urrendred the Fort of <HI>Duncannon</HI> into their Hands, and to that end u&s;ed many Ar|guments to induce me to it; but I refu&s;ed to hearken to that Propo&s;ition, and acquainted them, that the Letters I had received rather im|plied the contrary; and that if the Parliament were as &s;en&s;ible as they ought to be of their In|tere&s;t, I doubted not that <HI>Duncannon</HI> might prove a good Landing place for an Army from <HI>England,</HI> to reduce tho&s;e in <HI>Ireland</HI> to their Obe|dience. In the mean time I had cau&s;ed two or three Ve&s;&s;els to ca&s;t Anchor under the command of the Ca&s;tle, re&s;olving to make u&s;e of one of them for my Tran&s;portation to <HI>England;</HI> and finding a Dutch Bottom, commanded by a French-man, to be mo&s;t convenient for my pur|po&s;e, I agreed with the Ma&s;ter of her for my Voyage, Before I departed, Capt. <HI>Scot,</HI> Major <HI>Barrington,</HI> and &s;ome others of tho&s;e that had blocked us up, de&s;ired to &s;peak with me, which I agreed to, and among&s;t other Di&s;cour&s;e that de&s;erves not to be mentioned, many of them, and in particular Capt. <HI>Scot,</HI> tho they had de|clared for the Parliament, endeavoured to ju&s;ti|fy the Attempt of Sir <HI>George Booth,</HI> reviling Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig,</HI> and divers others who were Members of the Parliament: and being
<PB N="804" REF="409"> asked whether they would fight again&s;t <HI>Charles Stuart,</HI> if he &s;hould appear at the Head of an Army, they refu&s;ed to explain them&s;elves in that particular: And yet the&s;e Gentlemen would be thought to be the only Champions for the Parliament. Capt. <HI>Scot</HI> accompanied me to the Water-&s;ide, where taking leave of Capt. <HI>Skinner</HI> the Governour and the re&s;t of the Offi|cers and Soldiers of the Gari&s;on, I command|ed the Governour in his Pre&s;ence, not to &s;ur|render the Fort to any Per&s;on that &s;hould not be authorized to receive it by the Parliament or me, wherein I doubted not he would have the A&s;&s;i&s;tance of the whole Gari&s;on, which they unanimou&s;ly promi&s;ed. As &s;oon as I was im|barked, Capt. <HI>Skinner</HI> cau&s;ed all their Cannon to be fired to te&s;tify their Re&s;pects to me; and the Wind being very fair, we immediately &s;et fail for <HI>England.</HI> The next Morning we found our &s;elves in view of the I&s;le of <HI>Lundy,</HI> and I would willingly have landed at <HI>Minhead,</HI> but the Seas went &s;o high, that we were obliged to put in at <HI>Milford Comb;</HI> where having provi|ded Hor&s;es for my &s;elf and Company, we went to <HI>Barn&s;taple,</HI> and lay there that Night. The day following we pa&s;&s;ed over <HI>Axmore,</HI> which was covered with Snow, and with much difficulty arrived that Night at <HI>Lay|&s;tock,</HI> where I was informed that <HI>Monk</HI> was come to <HI>London,</HI> and had brought the &s;e|cluded Members into the Hou&s;e, which Re|port had preceded the Action; for it was
<PB N="805" REF="409"> not yet done. But we were a&s;&s;ured from bet|ter Intelligence, that the Parliament, upon con|&s;ideration of Sir <HI>Henry Vane</HI>'s compliance with the Army during the late Interruption, had di&s;charged him from being a Member, and commanded him to retire from <HI>London;</HI> and that having reproved Major <HI>Saloway</HI> for what he had done of the &s;ame nature, they had committed him to the Tower during the Plea|&s;ure of the Hou&s;e. We were al&s;o informed that they had granted time to Lieutenant Gene|ral <HI>Fleetwood,</HI> Col. <HI>Sydenham,</HI> the Lord Com|mi&s;&s;ioner <HI>Whitlock,</HI> Mr. <HI>Cornelius Holland,</HI> and Mr. <HI>Strickland,</HI> to clear them&s;elves touching their Deportment in that Affair. I was not a little di&s;turbed at this News, conceiving that the Removal of &s;uch eminent Pillars of the Hou&s;e, as &s;ome of the&s;e were, would put the whole Fabrick into apparent Danger of Ruin; but being always de&s;irous to think well of their Proceedings, I per&s;waded my &s;elf that the&s;e Mea&s;ures were the Re&s;ult of the extraordinary Zeal of &s;ome Men, to vindicate the lea&s;t appearance of any Breach that might be &s;uppo&s;ed to have been made upon the Pri|vileges of the Parliament. As I was &s;eriou&s;ly reflecting on the&s;e Particulars, one of my Ser|vants brought me the Paper of Publick Intelli|gence, wherein I not only perceived the former Relation to be confirmed, but al&s;o found that the Parliament had received a Charge of High Trea&s;on again&s;t Me, Mr. <HI>Miles Cor|bet,</HI>
<PB N="806" REF="410"> Col. <HI>John Jones,</HI> and Col. <HI>Thomlin&s;on,</HI> pre|&s;ented by Col. <HI>Bridges,</HI> Major <HI>Edward Warren,</HI> and Capt. <HI>Abel Warren,</HI> and &s;ub&s;cribed by Sir <HI>Charles Coote;</HI> of which, tho I had heard &s;ome flying Report whil&s;t I was in <HI>Ireland,</HI> yet I could not &s;uppo&s;e them &s;o abandoned of all Shame, as to pur&s;ue &s;uch a De&s;ign: But they had learned, that to calumniate abundantly was the way to get &s;omething to &s;tick. And here I confe&s;s, if I had entred upon the Pub|lick Service on the account of my own private Advantage, I &s;hould have been totally di&s;cou|raged, and perhaps have made the be&s;t Provi|&s;ion I could for my own Safety; but being con&s;cious to my &s;elf that I had acted upon bet|ter Principles, I concluded that the Parliament, who knew my Innocence, would not fail to do me Ju&s;tice again&s;t my malicious Enemies. Thereupon I u&s;ed all po&s;&s;ible Diligence in my Journey, taking Po&s;t-Hor&s;es to that end; in&s;o|much that a Per&s;on who knew me, meeting me on the Road, &s;aid, that tho&s;e who were under an Accu&s;ation of High Trea&s;on, were not ac|cu&s;tomed to make &s;uch ha&s;te to pre&s;ent them|&s;elves. Being arrived at <HI>London,</HI> I went not that day to the Parliament, being informed that the Hou&s;e was ri&s;ing; and becau&s;e I was de&s;irous to learn as much as I could concerning the State of Publick Affairs, to which I had been &s;o long a Stranger. The mo&s;t remarkable Tran&s;actions that had pa&s;&s;ed in my Ab&s;ence were the&s;e following: That Lieutenant Gene|ral
<PB N="807" REF="410"> <HI>Fleetwood</HI> finding him&s;elf de&s;erted by mo&s;t part of the Army, had &s;ent the Keys of the Parliament-Hou&s;e to the Speaker, with notice that the Guards were withdrawn, and that the Members of Parliament might attend the Di&s;charge of their Duty: That Lieutenant Colonel <HI>Miller,</HI> who was in po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ion of the Tower, had &s;ent al&s;o to the Speaker, to ac|quaint him that he and his Gari&s;on were ready to receive his Orders: That the Forces about the Town had been mu&s;tered in <HI>Lincolns Inn Fields</HI> by Col. <HI>Alured</HI> and Col. <HI>Okey,</HI> where, after they had declared for the Parliament, they marched by the Speaker's Hou&s;e in <HI>Chancery-Lane,</HI> and &s;aluted him as their General as he &s;tood at his Door: That the Speaker had &s;ent Col. <HI>Bret</HI> and Col. <HI>Redmain,</HI> who had been di&s;|charged for their Zeal to the U&s;urpation of <HI>Cromwel,</HI> to command the Iri&s;h Brigade; tho it was well known that Brigade was Officer'd with &s;uch as were &s;o zealous for the Parliament, that they had refu&s;ed to engage again&s;t Col. <HI>Monk,</HI> becau&s;e he had declared for them, and had marched off intirely from the Army of Col. <HI>Lambert:</HI> That Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig</HI> and the re&s;t of the Officers from <HI>Port&s;mouth</HI> com|ing into <HI>London</HI> by the Bridg, had pa&s;&s;ed through the City, where they had been recei|ved with &s;o much &s;eeming Joy and loud Ac|clamations, that Sir <HI>Arthur</HI> was ob&s;erved in particular to be &s;o elevated, that for &s;ome time after he could &s;carce di&s;cern his Friends from his
<PB N="808" REF="411"> Enemies; whereof my Wife had &s;ome Experi|ence: For &s;he going to give him &s;ome account of me and of Affairs in <HI>Ireland,</HI> found him much altered in his Carriage to her, &s;aying that God and Man having owned them, they mu&s;t imploy tho&s;e that would own them. To which &s;he replied, that he &s;eemed to mi&s;take what &s;he had &s;aid, and a&s;&s;ured him that &s;he was well informed, that as I had never &s;oli|cited for Publick Imployment in better times, &s;o I was very remote from any &s;uch Thoughts in this Condition of things. This Height of Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig</HI> la&s;ted but a few Days; for tho the Clergy and Lawyers, with other di&s;|affected Per&s;ons, had hitherto kept fair with him, and in appearance reverenced him above all others, that by his A&s;&s;i&s;tance they might be able to prevail again&s;t the Army, or <HI>Wallingford-</HI>Hou&s;e Party; yet &s;o &s;oon as they were free from their Fears, and under&s;tood their own Strength, they refu&s;ed to be any longer con|trolled by him, turning out of the Hou&s;e and out of the Army whom&s;oever they plea&s;ed: Which fal&s;e Mea&s;ures taken by him, he began to perceive when there was no Remedy left. Fifteen hundred old Officers were removed from their Commands in the Army by the Committee appointed for that purpo&s;e, and as many brought in to &s;upply their Places, who were for the mo&s;t part either unknown to the Souldiers, di&s;affected to the Cau&s;e, or igno|rant of Military Affairs. The Rules by which
<PB N="809" REF="411"> the Committee for placing and di&s;placing went by, were, as every Man had been known to favour or oppo&s;e the Army Party, without any con&s;ideration of the Rea&s;ons that led them to the one or the other; which yet had been convenient, becau&s;e many had carried it fair to the Army, only that they might be the bet|ter enabled to make them &s;en&s;ible of their Duty, and more ea&s;ily prevail with them to return to the Obedience of the Parliament: And many had rail'd at and oppo&s;ed the Army, with no other de&s;ign than thereby to nece&s;&s;itate both the Parliament and the Army by their Di&s;uni|on, and the Confu&s;ions that would naturally en&s;ue thereupon, to return to their former Ser|vitude.</P>
<P>In the mean time <HI>Monk</HI> having left four Regi|ments in <HI>Scotland</HI> to &s;ecure that Country, and divided his Forces into two Brigades, one of which he commanded him&s;elf, and Col. <HI>Mor|gan</HI> the other, began his March for <HI>England</HI> on the fir&s;t Day of <HI>January,</HI> and on the &s;econd took his Quarters at <HI>Willar,</HI> where he received Letters from the Parliament. On the fifth he came to <HI>Morpeth,</HI> and found there &s;ome Per&s;ons &s;ent to him by the Common Council of <HI>London,</HI> with Orders to de&s;ire him to u&s;e his Intere&s;t to call a Free Parliament. The next Day he entred <HI>Newca&s;tle,</HI> and thence di&s;patched one <HI>Gumble,</HI> whom he had entertained as his Chaplain, with Letters to the Parliament and Council of State, wherein Prote&s;tations of Duty and Fidelity
<PB N="810" REF="412"> were not wanting. Divers Lawyers of the Parliament, with &s;ome others, gave a Meeting to <HI>Monk</HI>'s Me&s;&s;enger at the Speaker's Hou&s;e; and &s;everal Citizens did the like at the Hou&s;e of one Mr. <HI>Robin&s;on:</HI> at both which Meetings, <HI>Gumble</HI> was a&s;&s;ured that they and their Parties would be favourable to <HI>Monk</HI>'s De&s;ign. Ha|ving in a few Days di&s;patched the Bu&s;ine&s;s he came about, he returned to his Ma&s;ter, with an account of the Succe&s;s of his Negotiation. He found him at <HI>Mansfield</HI> in <HI>Nottingham&s;hire;</HI> and having acquainted him with the Divi&s;ions at <HI>London,</HI> and with the Inclinations of the City, <HI>Monk</HI> marched the next day to <HI>Nottingham,</HI> where he &s;taid ten days. In his March he removed many Officers from their Commands, placing in their room Per&s;ons of ruined For|tunes or profligate Lives, making no di&s;tincti|on between tho&s;e that had continued in their Obedience to the Parliament, and tho&s;e who had declared again&s;t them. In particular, he di&s;charged from their Imployments divers Offi|cers of our Iri&s;h Brigade, who had been the mo&s;t zealous for a&s;&s;erting the Civil Authority, and filled their Places with &s;uch as had been di&s;mi&s;&s;ed for their vicious Lives or corrupt Prin|ciples. Wherein his Deportment was &s;o vi|&s;ible, that Col. <HI>Martin</HI> in the Parliament-Hou&s;e re&s;embled him to one, that being &s;ent for to make a Sute of Clothes, brought with him a Budget full of Carpenters Tools; and being told that &s;uch things were not at all fit for the
<PB N="811" REF="412"> Work he was de&s;ired to do, an&s;wered, it mat|ters not, I will do your Work well enough I warrant you. Yet for all this the Pretences for a Commonwealth went never more high than at this time: For be&s;ides an Injunction laid up|on all commi&s;&s;ionated Officers to engage to be true and faithful to the Commonwealth, the Parliament appointed an Oath, containing the Abjuration of the Family of the <HI>Stuarts,</HI> to be taken by the Members of the Council of State, before they might act therein. But none were more forward to publi&s;h their Re&s;olutions of adhering to a Commonwealth-Government than <HI>Monk</HI> him&s;elf, who in a Letter to &s;ome of his own Countrymen of the We&s;tern Parts, that had addre&s;&s;ed him for the Re&s;titution of the Secluded Members, told them that he could not do it, becau&s;e it was not only con|trary to his own frequent Declarations, but di|rectly oppo&s;ite to the Intere&s;t of a Common|wealth, as well as to that of the Army; a thing not to be done by him, or born by them, being a total Rever&s;ing of all that had been done for the la&s;t twelve Years in <HI>England, Scot|land</HI> and <HI>Ireland,</HI> and tending to charge the Nation with all the Blood that had been &s;hed during that time. He &s;aid it would un&s;ettle the Po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ion of Deans, Chapters, Delinquents, Crown and Rebels Lands; and in fine, if we &s;hould &s;uffer Monarchy to return among&s;t us, after &s;o long a Fruition of a Commonwealth, we &s;hould be driven to a wor&s;e Condition than
<PB N="812" REF="413"> ever, and put pa&s;t all hopes of appearing to de|fend our Liberty any more. He advi&s;ed them therefore to acquie&s;ce in the Authority of the pre&s;ent Parliament, who, he a&s;&s;ured them, were mo&s;t ready to hearken to all rea&s;onable Propo&s;itions touching the good and happy Set|tlement of the Nation. And that this An&s;wer might be taken notice of by all Men, he cau&s;ed it to be printed and publi&s;hed.</P>
<P>The Parliament being willing to encourage him in the good Re&s;olutions he profe&s;&s;ed to have taken, &s;ent Mr. <HI>Thomas Scot</HI> and Mr. <HI>Luke Ro|bin&s;on,</HI> Members of the Hou&s;e, to be Com|mi&s;&s;ioners from them to him. Mr. <HI>Scot</HI> had kept a long Corre&s;pondence with him, and af|ter the la&s;t Interruption had publi&s;hed &s;ome of his Letters, wherein <HI>Monk</HI> declared his Re&s;olu|tion to live and die with the Parliament, with|out a King, &s;ingle Per&s;on, or Hou&s;e of Lords. The&s;e two Per&s;ons were in appearance much courted by <HI>Monk,</HI> who pretended to be wholly directed by their Advice. And when the Com|mi&s;&s;ioners for the City of <HI>London,</HI> or the Gen|try of tho&s;e Parts where he pa&s;&s;ed, applied them&s;elves to him&punc; for the Re&s;titution of the &s;ecluded Members, he referred them to the Judgment of the Parliament, to whom, he &s;aid, he was re&s;olved intirely to &s;ubmit. He al&s;o &s;olicited Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig</HI> and &s;ome the is of the Hou&s;e, that the Sectarian Party might be removed out of the Army, &s;ending a Li&s;t of the Names of all tho&s;e who had been con|tinued
<PB N="813" REF="413"> in their Employments by the Army during the late Interruption; and pretending that a Commonwealth could not po&s;&s;ibly be e&s;tabli&s;hed whil&s;t &s;uch Men were in Power. What he did relating to the Affairs of <HI>Ireland</HI> was carried more covertly, and coloured with the Name of Sir <HI>Charles Coote.</HI> And becau&s;e he knew I had &s;ome Reputation with Sir <HI>Ar|thur Ha&s;lerig</HI> and the Commonwealth-Party of the Hou&s;e, he made u&s;e of Sir <HI>Anthony A&s;hley Cooper,</HI> Mr. <HI>Weaver,</HI> Mr. Ju&s;tice <HI>St. Johns,</HI> Mr. <HI>Robert Reynolds,</HI> and &s;ome others, to ob|tain what he de&s;ired in that matter. The&s;e Gentlemen were informed that the Council of State, notwith&s;tanding all the Arts that had been u&s;ed to calumniate me, had agreed upon a Report to be made to the Parliament, that Sir <HI>Hardre&s;s Waller,</HI> Lieutenant Colonel <HI>Walker,</HI> and Major <HI>Godfrey,</HI> might be intru&s;ted in con|junction with me, with the Management of Affairs in <HI>Ireland.</HI> They knew al&s;o that the two la&s;t would be ready to do any hone&s;t thing that I &s;hould advi&s;e; and therefore fearing le&s;t the Parliament might agree with the Council of State upon the Report, they procured the De|bate to be adjourned for three days, within which time they &s;o ordered the matter, that Col. <HI>Bridges</HI> and the two <HI>Warrens</HI> pre&s;ented to the Parliament the Charge of High Trea&s;on again&s;t the Commi&s;&s;ioners and me, as I men|tioned before. Whereof <HI>Monk</HI>'s Party in the Hou&s;e made &s;uch Advantage, as not only to
<PB N="814" REF="414"> refu&s;e their Concurrence with the Council of State in their Report concerning me, but al&s;o by the help of the Lawyers Rhetorick, who were my profe&s;&s;ed Adver&s;aries, on account of my Endeavours to reform the Practice of the Law, pa&s;&s;ed a Vote to require me to deliver the Fort of <HI>Duncannon</HI> into the hands of the Pro&s;e|cutors; &s;ome of them moving, that in ca&s;e of Refu&s;al I &s;hould be declared a Traitor, and &s;ent for in Cu&s;tody. Which perhaps might have pa&s;&s;ed al&s;o, if Mr. <HI>Henry Nevil,</HI> who &s;ingly had the Courage to defend me in that Conjuncture, had not &s;poken in my behalf, de&s;iring them not to entertain a Jealou&s;y of a faithful Servant, upon Informations unproved, nor to do any thing to the Prejudice of my Re|putation, till I &s;hould beheard; when, he doubted not, I would make appear, that I had always endeavoured to promote their Service. But I was not the only Per&s;on born down by this Torrent. Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig</HI> him&s;elf ha|ving parted with Sir <HI>Henry Vane</HI> and Major <HI>Sa|loway,</HI> his mo&s;t able and be&s;t Friends, began to lo&s;e ground, and all that he &s;aid in the Hou&s;e or el&s;ewhere, to go for nothing. And tho they could find out no colour to remove him, as they had done the other two; yet having already rendred him in&s;ignificant in the Parliament, they re&s;olved he &s;hould have as little Power in the Army. To that end it was contrived that <HI>Monk</HI> &s;hould write to the Parliament, that for their greater Security, the Forces that were in
<PB N="815" REF="414"> and about <HI>London,</HI> amounting to about &s;even or eight thou&s;and Hor&s;e and Foot, might be removed to a farther di&s;tance, to make room for tho&s;e that he had with him, pre&s;uming to name to the Parliament &s;ome particular Regiments which he principally in&s;i&s;ted to have removed, among&s;t which Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig</HI>'s Regiment of Hor&s;e was one. And &s;o tame was the Par|liament grown, that tho' it was mo&s;t vi&s;ible he de&s;igned their Ruin, yet on his bare Word and empty Prote&s;tations, they not only tru&s;ted him, but obeyed him as their Superiour, and ordered all that he de&s;ired to be put in execution. Not|with&s;tanding this unhappy po&s;ture of Affairs, thinking it my Duty to clear my &s;elf of the A&s;per&s;ions ca&s;t upon me, and to improve the &s;mall Intere&s;t I had left, for the Service of the Publick Cau&s;e, I re&s;olved to take my place in Parliament: And in order thereunto, being ac|companied by Mr. <HI>Henry Nevil,</HI> I attended Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig</HI> at <HI>Whitehall,</HI> where I gave him a &s;hort Account of my Actions &s;ince I had la&s;t &s;een him, of my Endeavours in <HI>Ireland</HI> to &s;erve the Publick, of the State of Affairs there, of the Principles and Practices of tho&s;e that had a&s;&s;umed the Power in that Country, and of the Readine&s;s of the Souldiers and mo&s;t of the Offi|cers in that Army, to have &s;erved the Parliament faithfully and u&s;efully, if they had been true to them&s;elves and their own Intere&s;t. I al&s;o ac|quainted him with the Sen&s;e I had of the late &s;evere, if I might not &s;ay unju&s;t, Proceedings
<PB N="816" REF="415"> again&s;t me, which &s;eemed to me to be &s;uch a Requital of my faithful Services, that if I ex|pected my Reward from Men, I &s;hould rather chu&s;e to &s;erve the Great Turk. But that I might not be wanting to my &s;elf, and in order to ju&s;tify my own Innocence, if I could do no farther Good, I had re&s;olved to go to the Par|liament-Hou&s;e the next Morning, de&s;iring his Advice and that of Mr. <HI>Nevil</HI> for my Govern|ment when I &s;hould come thither. Sir <HI>Arthur</HI> was unwilling to enter into any Di&s;cour&s;e con|cerning what had lately pa&s;&s;ed, &s;aying, it was too late to recal things now: And then told us how his Enemies thought to en&s;nare him, by <HI>Monk</HI>'s Motion to the Parliament for removing his Regiment from <HI>London;</HI> thinking thereby to create a Difference between him and <HI>Monk;</HI> wherein he had di&s;appointed them by de&s;iring their Removal him&s;elf, contrary to their Ex|pectation, entring into a prolix Commendation of <HI>Monk,</HI> and a&s;&s;uring us that he was a Per&s;on on who&s;e Fidelity they might &s;afely rely. And if I may be permitted to deliver my Sen&s;e touch|ing this Di&s;cour&s;e of Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig,</HI> I con|jecture it proceeded partly from an Apprehen|&s;ion that things were already gone &s;o far, that he doubted whether he could put any &s;top to them; and partly from &s;ome Sparks of Hope that <HI>Monk</HI> could not be &s;uch a Devil to betray a Tru&s;t &s;o freely repo&s;ed in him. For he kept a con&s;tant Corre&s;pondence with Sir <HI>Arthur,</HI> and in all his Letters repeated the Engagements of
<PB N="817" REF="415"> his Fidelity to the Parliament, with Expre&s;&s;i|ons of the greate&s;t Zeal for a Commonwealth-Government. In the Conclu&s;ion it was agreed between us, that when I came into the Hou&s;e I &s;hould &s;it as privately as I could, and ob&s;erve the Temper of the Members, before I &s;hould put them upon the Con&s;ideration of my Affair. Accordingly I went to the Hou&s;e, and tho they had u&s;ed me in the manner I have related, yet they treated me very civilly, &s;ome of them telling me in a je&s;ting way, that it was not u&s;u|al for Men accu&s;ed of High Trea&s;on to be &s;o well received in that Place. Having taken out a Coppy of the Charge exhibited again&s;t the Commi&s;&s;ioners and Me, I found the Commi&s;&s;i|oners to be charged with altering their Title during the late Interruption, from <HI>Commi&s;&s;ioners of Parliament,</HI> to <HI>Commi&s;&s;ioners of the Common|wealth;</HI> and that they had &s;ent a Ship of War to prevent any Relief to, or Corre&s;pondence with the Gari&s;on of <HI>Ayre</HI> in <HI>Scotland,</HI> who had declared for the Parliament. Be&s;ides which, Col. <HI>John Jones</HI> was accu&s;ed for taking part with the Army again&s;t the Parliament, not on|ly in the Particulars afore&s;aid, but al&s;o in his An&s;wer to the Letter written by <HI>Monk</HI> to me, on &s;uppo&s;ition that I was then in <HI>Ireland,</HI> to in|vite me to a Conjunction with him for the Re&s;ti|tution of the Parliament: And likewi&s;e for promoting a Sub&s;cription to the Government of the Army among&s;t the Officers in <HI>Ireland.</HI> As for me, I was charged with a&s;&s;i&s;ting the Army
<PB N="818" REF="416"> in <HI>England,</HI> and doing Acts of Ho&s;tility by Sea and Land again&s;t tho&s;e in <HI>Ireland</HI> who had de|clared for the Parliament. Whereupon I moved the Hou&s;e that they would be plea&s;ed, accord|ing to their Order, to hear me touching their Affairs in <HI>Ireland,</HI> and to permit me to ju&s;tify my &s;elf, which I did the rather that I might have an opportunity to procure that mi&s;chie|vous Order for the Surrender of <HI>Duncannon</HI> to be recalled, hoping that it had not yet been put in execution. But all that I could obtain was, to have a day appointed when I &s;hould be heard. Mr. <HI>Miles Corbet,</HI> who arrived in <HI>England</HI> &s;ome days before me, was &s;o terrified with the Pro|ceedings of the Parliament again&s;t Sir <HI>Henry Vane</HI> and Major <HI>Saloway,</HI> together with the Name of a Charge of High Trea&s;on again&s;t him&s;elf, that he had never appeared publickly &s;ince his arrival, till upon &s;ome Di&s;cour&s;e with me he took Courage, and went with me to the Hou&s;e.</P>
<P>In the mean time <HI>Monk</HI> was come to <HI>Bar|net,</HI> and being expected at <HI>London</HI> the next day, Orders were i&s;&s;ued out for the Old Regiments of the Army to march from the Town; which &s;o di&s;gu&s;ted them, that many refu&s;ed to march till their Arrears were paid. This Mutiny be|gan at <HI>Somer&s;et-hou&s;e,</HI> where one whole Regi|ment was quartered, who were joined by di|vers Parties of the re&s;t. The Cavaliers and Presbyterians of the City hoping to improve this Opportunity, invited them to join with the
<PB N="819" REF="416"> City, as they termed their Party there, pro|mi&s;ing them their whole Arrears, con&s;tant Pay and a pre&s;ent Gratuity, giving them &s;ome Mo|ney in hand as an Earne&s;t of the re&s;t. The Souldiers took their Money, but withal threat|ned them, that unle&s;s they departed immedi|ately, they would fire upon them, declaring their Re&s;olution to continue faithful to the Par|liament. Hereupon the Council of State, that they al&s;o might cut the Gra&s;s from under their own Feet, &s;ent Orders to <HI>Monk</HI> to ha&s;ten his March, and with all Diligence to come to their Releif. The&s;e Male-contents were very nu|merous, amounting to more than two thou&s;and Foot; and about the &s;ame Number of Hor&s;e were ready to join with them. But no con&s;i|derable Per&s;on appearing at the Head of them, their new Officers, who laboured the whole Night to &s;atisfy them, prevailed with them to march the next Morning, upon promi&s;e that their Arrears &s;hould be paid at the next Quar|ters. The following day <HI>Monk</HI> marched to <HI>London</HI> in the Head of his Party, which for the mo&s;t part were quartered about <HI>Whitehall,</HI> where Lodgings had been provided for him: and immediately &s;ome Members of Parliament were &s;ent to congratulate his Arrival. The &s;ame Evening I met Vice-Admiral <HI>Law&s;on</HI> at Sir <HI>Hen|ry Mildmay</HI>'s Lodgings at <HI>Whitehall,</HI> and know|ing him to be familiarly acquainted with <HI>Monk,</HI> I de&s;ired that we might make him a Vi&s;it toge|ther, which he readily con&s;ented to. We found
<PB N="820" REF="417"> him alone in the Prince's Lodgings; where ha|ving congratulated the Succe&s;s of his Attempt to re&s;tore the Parliament to the Exerci&s;e of their Authority, I took the Freedom to tell him, that having an Opportunity put into his hands to free the&s;e Nations from the Danger of being oppre&s;&s;ed, as they had lately been, by the Power of the Sword, I hoped he would improve it to the Publick Advantage, by giving his A&s;&s;i&s;t|ance to the Parliament in &s;ettling the Govern|ment upon &s;o ju&s;t a Foundation that it might be &s;upported for the future by the Love and Af|fections of the People. He an&s;wered, that as God had owned him in his Work, &s;o he de|&s;ired that he alone might have the Glory: That it was true, Factions had been carried on; but that he was fully re&s;olved to promote the In|tere&s;t of a Commonwealth. Which Re&s;oluti|on when I had commended, and encouraged him as well as I could to continue, he &s;aid, <HI>We mu&s;t live and die for and with a Common|wealth.</HI> Then I told him, that I had met late|ly with one Mr. <HI>Courtney,</HI> who &s;aid he was his Relation, and having drunk too much at the Inn where I lay in my way to <HI>London,</HI> boa&s;ted that his Cou&s;in <HI>Monk</HI> would do great things for the King; but that upon my objecting his Pub|lick Declarations and Prote&s;tations to the con|trary, he began to doubt, and &s;aid, that his Cou&s;in being a Man of Honour, he feared he would be as good as his Word. Yea, &s;aid <HI>Monk,</HI> if there were nothing in it but that, I
<PB N="821" REF="417"> mu&s;t make good my Word, and will too. I pre&s;ume, &s;aid I, that the An&s;wer you have lately Publi&s;hed to your Country-mens Letter, hath given them all Satisfaction concerning you. He replied, that he hoped it had. The&s;e and many other Prote&s;tations of Zeal to the Com|mon Cau&s;e, with many Profe&s;&s;ions of Friend|&s;hip to our &s;elves, wer received from him at that time; wherewith Vice Admiral <HI>Law&s;on</HI> was &s;o &s;atisfied, that he &s;aid to me after we had parted from him, that &s;ince the Levite and the Prie&s;t had pa&s;&s;ed by and would not help us, he hoped we had found a Samaritan that would do it.</P>
<P>The Parliament having notice of <HI>Monk</HI>'s Ar|rival, &s;ent a Me&s;&s;age to him by Mr. <HI>Scot</HI> and Mr. <HI>Robin&s;on,</HI> to de&s;ire his Attondance at their Hou&s;e the next day: Whither being come, a Chair was ordered for him, but he refu&s;ed to &s;it, contenting him&s;elf to &s;tand behind it unco|vered, laying his Hand upon the Chair. The Speaker, as he had been ordered, gave him the Thanks of the Hou&s;e for the Service he had done, extolling him above all the Worthies of former and later Ages. To who&s;e Rhetorick he an&s;wered, that as to what was done, he de|&s;ired God might have the Glory, in that he had wrought Deliverance by &s;o weak an In&s;tru|ment. After which he informed the Hou&s;e, that in his March many Applications had been made to him by all &s;orts of Per&s;ons for a Free Parliament; and that he had acquainted them, that the end of his March being to free the Par|liament
<PB N="822" REF="418"> from the Power of tho&s;e who had im|po&s;ed on them, he doubted not they would take all po&s;&s;ible Care of the Publick Good. Then he put them in mind of their Re&s;olution to fill up the Hou&s;e, which he &s;aid would tend much to the Satisfaction of the Nation. He de&s;ired that Fanatical Per&s;ons, as he called them, might be removed from Places of Tru&s;t, and undertook to an&s;wer for the Fidelity of tho&s;e who had a&s;&s;umed the Power in <HI>Ireland,</HI> conclu|ding with Profe&s;&s;ions of the utmo&s;t Zeal and Faithfulne&s;s to their Service. Thus he gave the Parliament good Words, for which they heaped their Favours upon him; they voted one thou&s;and Pounds <HI>per Annum</HI> to be &s;etled on him. And that nothing might be wanting to compleat this Scene, <HI>Monk</HI>'s Wife took e&s;pecial care to treat the Wives of the Members that came to vi&s;it her, running her &s;elf to fetch the Sweetmeats, and filling out Wine for them; not forgetting to talk mightily of Self-denial, and how much it was upon her Husband's Heart, that the Government might be &s;etled in the way of a Commonwealth. In the mean time, the Secluded Members had their Meetings with tho&s;e of the &s;ame Faction in the City; and &s;ome of tho&s;e that &s;ate in Parliament were earne&s;t Promoters of their Return to the Hou&s;e, of whom was Col. <HI>La&s;&s;els,</HI> and Col. <HI>Richard Ingoldsby,</HI> who had been two of the King's Judges. But the Per&s;on I mo&s;t wondred at was Col. <HI>Hutchin&s;on,</HI> who having exceeded mo&s;t of the
<PB N="823" REF="418"> Members of the High Court of Ju&s;tice in Zeal for putting the King to Death, at this time acted a very different part, pre&s;&s;ing the Hou&s;e with an unbecoming Importunity, to proceed again&s;t Sir <HI>Henry Vane,</HI> for not removing into the Coun|try according to their Order; when it was well known he was &s;o much indi&s;po&s;ed, that he could not do it without the apparent Hazard of his Life. Many Alarms were given to the Parliament by their faithful Friends, in printed Di&s;cour&s;es, and other ways, whereby they were put in mind that the Enemies Quarrel was not &s;o much again&s;t Per&s;ons as Things; and, as one termed it, not again&s;t <HI>Ludlow</HI> and <HI>Rich,</HI> but again&s;t the Cau&s;e it &s;elf. They were ad|vi&s;ed to accept the A&s;&s;i&s;tance of their old Ser|vants, and to incourage them in their Fidelity, as the only means to pre&s;erve them&s;elves and the Commonwealth from certain Ruin: But they were deaf to all &s;alutary Coun&s;el, and re|&s;olved to fini&s;h the Work with the new In&s;tru|ments which they had cho&s;en. To that end they proceeded on the Bill for filling up the Hou&s;e, which by wi&s;e Men was thought a mo&s;t dangerous Expedient in that Conjuncture, un|le&s;s <HI>Monk</HI> &s;hould prove more hone&s;t than they could believe him to be. The City of <HI>London</HI> al&s;o took upon them in their Common Council to receive Petitions from the adjacent Counties touching the Payment of Taxes, and other Publick Affairs; pre&s;uming not only to call in the Petitioners, and to give them Thanks for
<PB N="824" REF="419"> their good Affections; but al&s;o pa&s;&s;ed a Vote that they would pay no Taxes, but &s;uch as &s;hould be impo&s;ed by a Free Parliament.</P>
<P>The Council of State having received a particular Account of the Proceedings in the City, &s;ent for <HI>Monk,</HI> to con&s;ult with him con|cerning the be&s;t Means to put a &s;top to the&s;e Di&s;orders: and &s;ome of them moving that the Common Council &s;hould be forbidden to &s;it, &s;ome few of the mo&s;t active &s;eized, the Gates of the City taken down, the Portcullaces wedged, and the Po&s;ts with their Chains pulled up; <HI>Monk</HI> &s;aid, that if they did no more, that would &s;erve for nothing, becau&s;e the Damage might be &s;oon repaired. He added, that the Di&s;affection of the City was &s;o great, that they would never be quiet, till &s;ome of them were hanged; and that it was ab&s;olutely ne|ce&s;&s;ary for the pre&s;ent to break in pieces their Gates and Portcullaces, to burn their Po&s;ts, and to carry away their Chains to the <HI>Tower;</HI> offering him&s;elf, if they would command the&s;e things to be done, to &s;ee their Orders put in execution. Hereupon the Counci<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">rdered him to March in|to the City with his Forces early the next Morning, before the Occa&s;ion of his coming among&s;t them &s;hould be known. Various Re|ports were publi&s;hed touching the De&s;ign of his March into the City, and many &s;u&s;pected that he had already declared for the King. But when the Hou&s;e was met the Council of State made their Report to us, and informed us of
<PB N="825" REF="419"> the unwarrantable Proceedings of the Com|mon Council, and of their own Re&s;olutions and Orders concerning them; in the Execution of which they a&s;&s;ured us <HI>Monk</HI> had by that time made a con&s;iderable Progre&s;s, having al|ready pulled up the Po&s;ts with their Chains, taken down the Portcullaces and the Gates of the City, which he had begun to cut in pieces, and &s;eized &s;ome of the mo&s;t active of the Com|mon Council. The Parliament having heard the Report of the Council of State, approved what they had done, and ordered Fifty Pounds to be given to <HI>Monk</HI> to defray the Expence of his Dinner that day, he having refu&s;ed to Dine at the Charge of the City, tho' earne&s;tly im|portuned to it by divers Citizens. All things going &s;o well that Morning, both in the Army, and in the Parliament, Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig</HI> was again &s;o elevated, that coming into the Hou&s;e in the Afternoon, he broke out in the pre&s;ence of divers Members into the&s;e Expre&s;&s;ions, <HI>All is our own, he will be hone&s;t.</HI> But it was not long befor his Wine was turned into Water: For as &s;oon as the Hou&s;e was &s;ate, a Letter was pre&s;ented to the Speaker from <HI>Monk,</HI> the Con|tents whereof made them ea&s;ily perceive that his Zeal to their Service began to cool. There|in he acquainted them with what he had done in pro&s;ecution of the Orders he had received, and that he wanted Tools and In&s;truments to fini&s;h the Work, having already &s;poiled all tho&s;e that he had brought with him to cut the
<PB N="826" REF="420"> Gates and other Defences of the City in pieces; that the Mayor and Citizens had promi&s;ed Obe|dience to the Parliament for the time to come, and therefore he de&s;ired they would re&s;pite the Execution of what remained of his In&s;tructions; hoping that what had been done would be a &s;ufficient Admonition to the City for their future good Behaviour. The Parliament un|der&s;tanding the Tendency of this Letter, were highly offended with <HI>Monk</HI> for pre&s;uming to neglect and di&s;pute their Commands; and be|ing re&s;olved to do as much as they could in this matter to pre&s;erve their Authority, they di&s;|patched a Me&s;&s;age to him, requiring the exact Performance of the Orders he had received. Upon the receipt of the&s;e &s;econd Orders, <HI>Monk</HI> &s;eemed much di&s;turbed, but yielded little or no Obedience to them, and lay that Night in the City. The Day following he returned with his Forces to <HI>Whitehall,</HI> and about two days after &s;ent a Letter to the Hou&s;e, directed to the Speaker, and &s;ub&s;cribed by him&s;elf and &s;ome of his Officers; wherein they complained that the Parliament had put them upon the late di&s;obliging Work in the City to render them odious to the Citizens; that they continued to favour the Fanatick Party, by not pro&s;ecuting tho&s;e that had acted with the Army in the late Committee of Safety, and by permitting Sir <HI>Henry Vane</HI> and Col. <HI>Lambert</HI> to &s;tay in Town, contrary to their own Order for their Removal; that they admitted Men to &s;it with
<PB N="827" REF="420"> them in the Hou&s;e, who lay under Accu&s;ations of High Trea&s;on (meaning Mr. <HI>Miles Corb<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters"></HI> and me, tho' not naming us;) that on the con|trary they &s;hewed a backwardne&s;s to repo&s;e any Confidence in tho&s;e who were their true&s;t Friends, upbraiding them with refu&s;ing to ap|prove &s;ome Officers that had been pre&s;ented to them, and delaying to grant Commi&s;&s;ions to others whom they had approved. They al&s;o reflected upon the Parliament for not making Provi&s;ion for the Army, nor minding the Pub|lick Work, putting them in mind of the Vote for their Di&s;&s;olution in <HI>May</HI> following; and adding &s;ome threatning Expre&s;&s;ions, in ca&s;e they &s;hould not i&s;&s;ue out Writs for filling up the Parliament, according to their Promi&s;e. After the reading of this Letter from <HI>Monk,</HI> I perceived mo&s;t of the Members who had any Af|fection to their Country to be much dejected. But the Parliament having dive&s;ted them&s;elves of their own Strength, and abandoned all into the hands of <HI>Monk,</HI> tho' no Man had ever be|fore pre&s;umed to addre&s;s him&s;elf to them in &s;o in&s;olent a manner, yet they took his Letter into con&s;ideration, and re&s;olved to give him as much Satisfaction as they could with any colour of Ju&s;tice. To that end they quickened their Committee to bring in their Report touching tho&s;e that had acted in the late Committee of Safety: They ordered Sir <HI>Henry Vane</HI> to depart the Town by a certain Day, and that Col. <HI>Lam|bert</HI> &s;hould render him&s;elf within a limited
<PB N="828" REF="421"> time. They al&s;o re&s;olved to i&s;&s;ue out Writs of Summons for recruiting the Hou&s;e; but be|ing fully per&s;waded that the Charge of High Trea&s;on again&s;t me was groundle&s;s and frivo|lous, they omitted to make any Order concern|ing it. However, being de&s;irous to procure &s;ome Relief for tho&s;e whom I had left at <HI>Duncannon,</HI> and to endeavour that the Forces in <HI>Ireland</HI> might be put into good hands, I hoped that if I &s;hould move to be heard, I might at the &s;ame time have an opportunity to pre&s;s the two la&s;t things, which I e&s;teemed very nece&s;&s;ary in that Conjuncture: I de&s;ired therefore that &s;ince I conceived my &s;elf aimed at in one part of <HI>Monk</HI>'s Letter, the Parliament would be plea&s;ed to hear me in vindication of my Innocence: But I could not obtain a pre&s;ent Hearing, my Ca&s;e being put off till a farther time, and then de|layed from day to day, till the Di&s;&s;ipation of tho&s;e who &s;hould have been my Judges.</P>
<P>Sir <HI>Henry Vane,</HI> according to the late Order, was preparing to leave the Town; of which having notice, I went to make him a Vi&s;it at his Hou&s;e, where he told me that unle&s;s he were much mi&s;taken, <HI>Monk</HI> had yet &s;everal Ma&s;ques to pull off, a&s;&s;uring me for what concerned him|&s;elf, that he had all po&s;&s;ible Satisfaction of Mind as to tho&s;e Actions God had enabled him to do for the Commonwealth, and hoped the &s;ame God would fortify him in his Sufferings, how &s;harp &s;oever, to bear a faithful and con&s;tant Te&s;timony thereto. <HI>Monk</HI> having alarm'd the Parliament by
<PB N="829" REF="421"> the fore&s;aid Letter, and either not daring to tru&s;t him&s;elf at <HI>Whitehall,</HI> or thinking <HI>London</HI> a fit|ter Place to pur&s;ue his de&s;ign in, he retired with his Forces into the City, where he mu&s;ter|ed his Men, and was &s;plendidly entertain'd at Dinner by the Mayor and others. Hereupon the Parliament, who endeavoured by all means to give him Satisfaction, &s;ent Mr. <HI>Thomas Scot</HI> and Mr. <HI>Luke Robin&s;on,</HI> who had been their Commi&s;&s;ioners to him, as I mentioned before, to a&s;&s;ure him of their good Intentions towards him: But he having now fortified him&s;elf by the Conjunction of the City, began to treat them in a manner much different from his for|mer Carriage, not admitting them without difficultly to his Pre&s;ence; and when he conde|&s;cended to &s;peak to them, his Di&s;cour&s;e tended always to the &s;ame purpo&s;e with his Letter, a&s;per&s;ing the Proceedings of the Parliament, and among&s;t other things reproaching them with their Favour to me, as Mr. <HI>Scot</HI> after|wards informed me: In&s;omuch that he who had &s;o lately undertaken to the Parliament for <HI>Monk</HI>'s Integrity and Fidelity to their Service, began to lo&s;e all hopes of him. Yet for all his in&s;olent Carriage to the Parliament and their Commi&s;&s;ioners, his Party in the Hou&s;e had the confidence to move that he might be made General of their Forces, the time limited by Act of Parliament for commi&s;&s;ionating him with others to command the Army in <HI>England</HI> and <HI>Scotland</HI> being almo&s;t expired. Many Ar|guments
<PB N="830" REF="422"> were u&s;ed to that end, tho tho&s;e which were mo&s;t pre&s;&s;ed were taken from the con&s;i|deration of the pre&s;ent Po&s;ture of their Affairs. But the Parliament &s;till retaining &s;ome Sparks of that Courage with which they had been formerly animated, and having found by &s;ad Experience what Mi&s;eries they had brought up|on the Nation and them&s;elves by tru&s;ting <HI>Crom|wel</HI> and others too far, cho&s;e rather to peri&s;h by the hands of an Enemy, if <HI>Monk</HI> &s;hould re&s;olve to be &s;o, than by the Delu&s;ions of a pretended Friend: and therefore having reject|ed the Propo&s;ition to make him General, they pa&s;&s;ed a Vote that their Armies in <HI>England</HI> and <HI>Scotland</HI> &s;hould be governed by Commi&s;&s;ioners, the Number of them to be five, and any three of them to make a <HI>Quorum.</HI> But that they might avoid as much as po&s;&s;ible to give him the lea&s;t ju&s;t Cau&s;e of Di&s;content, they fir&s;t agreed that he &s;hould be one of the &s;aid Commi&s;&s;i|oners. Then they proceeded to the Nomina|tion of the re&s;t, and cho&s;e Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig,</HI> tho he earne&s;tly pre&s;&s;ed them to excu&s;e him, Col. <HI>Morley,</HI> and Col. <HI>Walton.</HI> The&s;e four being elected, it was vi&s;ible that the Balance of the Commi&s;&s;ion would be in the fifth Man that &s;hould be cho&s;en, <HI>Monk</HI> having in a manner de|clared him&s;elf our Enemy, and Col. <HI>Morley</HI> be|ing &s;ufficiently known to be of a temporizing Spirit. Hereupon <HI>Monk</HI>'s Party in the Hou&s;e moved that Sir <HI>Anthony A&s;hley Cooper</HI> might be the fifth Commi&s;&s;ioner, and on the other &s;ide the
<PB N="831" REF="422"> Commonwealth Party had re&s;olved to u&s;e their Endeavours for Major General <HI>Overton:</HI> But upon con&s;ideration of the Differences that had been between him and <HI>Monk,</HI> whereby they feared he would not pa&s;s, they laid a&s;ide that Re&s;olution, and agreed to put up Col. <HI>Alured.</HI> Sir <HI>Anthony A&s;hley Cooper</HI> being fir&s;t named, was fir&s;t put to the Que&s;tion, and by the Ma|jority of Votes excluded. Col. <HI>Alured</HI> being next propo&s;ed, the Que&s;tion was carried for him to the great Satisfaction of the Common|wealth Party. Whereupon &s;itting by Col. <HI>Martin</HI> in the Hou&s;e, and being per&s;waded of the Integrity of the Major part of the&s;e Com|mi&s;&s;ioners, I de&s;ired him to move that the Command of the Forces in <HI>Ireland</HI> might be in&s;erted in this Commi&s;&s;ion, which, upon his Motion, was ordered accordingly; and the Act being but &s;hort, was read thrice, and pa&s;&s;ed before the ri&s;ing of the Hou&s;e: And this I did, becau&s;e I found no other probable way open to force the Power in <HI>Ireland</HI> out of the hands of tho&s;e that had u&s;urped it. Tho the&s;e Proceed|ings did not a little di&s;turb <HI>Monk,</HI> yet he endea|voured to di&s;gui&s;e his Di&s;&s;atisfacton, and be|gan again to court the Members of Parliament more than before, whil&s;t with the Advice and A&s;&s;i&s;tance of his Party in the City, he was forming a Militia there, and nominating Offi|cers to command them, who were cho&s;en for that purpo&s;e, rather on account of their Di&s;|affection to the Parliament than any other good
<PB N="832" REF="423"> Quality to be found about them. Having re|ceived Advice of the&s;e Tran&s;actions, I ac|quainted Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig</HI> with my Informa|tion, and de&s;ired him to think of &s;ome &s;peedy Remedy, propo&s;ing that he would cau&s;e our &s;cattered Forces to rendezvouz forthwith: But Sir <HI>Arthur</HI> was &s;o deluded by the Hypocri&s;y of <HI>Monk,</HI> that he a&s;&s;ured him he had given him all the Satisfaction both by Words and Letters, that a Man could give touching his Integrity to the Parliament, &s;hewing me and divers o|ther Members of Parliament, two Letters, which he had lately received from him, where|in were many Expre&s;&s;ions of his Zeal for the E&s;tabli&s;hment of a Commonwealth, with ear|ne&s;t De&s;ires that there might be no Difference between them touching the Way, &s;eeing they were both intirely agreed in the &s;ame End.</P>
<P><HI>Monk</HI> had taken up his Quarters in the City, at the Hou&s;e of one Col. <HI>Wall,</HI> where I re&s;ol|ved to make him a Vi&s;it, in order, either to take him off from that Prejudice, which by a Clau&s;e in his Letter to the Parliament he &s;eem|ed to have again&s;t me, or to make a more per|fect Di&s;covery of his Intentions; &s;uppo&s;ing that, being a Member of Parliament, he dur&s;t not attempt to &s;eize my Per&s;on, or if he did, that &s;uch an open Violation of the Priviledges of Par|liament would awaken them to provide for their own Safety. I found the Hou&s;e where he lodged as full of Soldiers as it could well be, and pa&s;&s;ed through &s;everal Guards before I
<PB N="833" REF="423"> came to the Chamber, where he received his Vi&s;its. He was at the time of my coming in a private Gallery, conferring with Mr. <HI>Edmund Calamy</HI> and others of the Clergy. When he had taken leave of them, I was admitted, and at fir&s;t perceived him to be very &s;hy of me: But after I had acquainted him that the Cau&s;e of my Vi&s;it, was in order to undeceive him; and to remove, if po&s;&s;ible, the Prejudices he &s;eemed to have again&s;t me, he &s;uddenly chan|ged his Countenance, and treated me with great Familiarity. Whereupon I told him, that having always endeavoured to a&s;&s;ert the Autho|rity of the Civil Magi&s;trate, in oppo&s;ition to the Tyranny of the Sword, I was unwilling to have any Difference with him, who had de|clared for the &s;ame things: I a&s;&s;ured him that I had publickly di&s;approved the An&s;wer of Col. <HI>Jones</HI> to that Letter which he had &s;ent to <HI>Ireland,</HI> directed to me, on &s;uppo&s;ition that I had then been in that Country. I acquainted him with what I had done to pre&s;erve the Iri&s;h Brigade from joining with the Army-Party, and how I had prevailed with them to engage to me under their Hands not to fight again&s;t him, upon notice that he had e&s;pou&s;ed the Cau&s;e of the Parliament. I acknowledged that I had di&s;placed one of his Relations in <HI>Ireland,</HI> not out of the lea&s;t Di&s;re&s;pect to him; but accord|ing to a Rule which I conceived to be mo&s;t ju&s;t, that tho&s;e might be re&s;tored to their Offi|ces in the Army, who had been removed for
<PB N="834" REF="424"> their Affection to the Commonwealth, which was the Ca&s;e; his Kin&s;man having been made Cornet of Major <HI>Dean</HI>'s Troop, and Cornet <HI>Whalley</HI> di&s;placed for the rea&s;on before menti|oned. Hereupon <HI>Monk</HI> &s;aid that what I had done was mo&s;t ju&s;t, and that he never took any thing ill from me, either upon that or any other particular account. I then de&s;ired to know what rea&s;on he might have for entertaining any hard Thoughts of me: to which he replied, that he had nothing to object again&s;t me but my Favour to the Fanatick Party in <HI>Ireland.</HI> I told him that the Party he meant had not acted as if they had been of the &s;ame Opinion; for having &s;igned an Addre&s;s to the Parliament, whereby they engaged to be true and faithful to the Civil Authority, and delivered it into my Hands, to be pre&s;ented on their part; the &s;ame Men, notwith&s;tanding their publick En|gagement and particular Promi&s;es to Me, had immediately after my Departure &s;igned an Agreement with the Army, thereby rejecting the Civil Power, and con&s;equently Me, whom the Parliament had intru&s;ted to command their Forces in <HI>Ireland:</HI> That as I had never thought the Profe&s;&s;ion of Religion to be alone &s;ufficient to qualify Men for Imployments, if they want|ed Affection to the Commonwealth; &s;o I could not imagine which way Religion &s;hould inca|pacitate Per&s;ons for the Publick Service, who were not deficient in their Fidelity and Zeal for the Common Good. <HI>Yea,</HI> &s;aid he, <HI>we must live</HI>
<PB N="835" REF="424"> <HI>and dye together for a Commonwealth.</HI> I hearing him &s;ay &s;o, told him, that I was informed he was much pre&s;&s;ed to re&s;tore the Secluded Mem|bers; who being highly enraged, would not fail to bring all things into confu&s;ion, and po&s;&s;ibly endeavour to bring in the King. It may be, &s;aid he, that they will attempt it, but they &s;ay they will not; and I a&s;&s;ure you, tho I bear as much re&s;pect to Parliaments as any Man, yet if I &s;hould ob&s;erve a Parliament to be about &s;uch a thing, I would interrupt them therein. Having &s;pent about half an Hour with <HI>Monk,</HI> I took leave; and as I went from him, I perceived one of his Footmen to &s;tand at the Door of the Room where we had di&s;cour&s;ed, who I &s;uppo&s;e was placed there by his Ma&s;ter's Order, to prevent me from dealing with him, as his Con&s;cience told him he de&s;erved. He accompanied me to the Foot of the Stairs, and there parted with me, not without great &s;hew of Re&s;pect and Civility; notwith&s;tanding which it was manife&s;t to me through all his Di&s;gui&s;es, by the Per&s;ons he favoured and advanced, by the Company he kept, and by the Cour&s;e he &s;teered, that he was not bound to that Har|bour he pretended; and could I have prevailed with the Majority of the Parliament to be of the &s;ame opinion, he &s;hould not have carried on his De&s;ign &s;o &s;moothly: But into &s;uch a de&s;perate Frenzy were we fallen, that many of the Hou&s;e, either thro Fear, or for what other rea&s;on I cannot tell, di&s;covered them&s;elves
<PB N="836" REF="425"> daily to be Favourers of him; who had by this time &s;o far advanced his Affairs, that he re&s;olved to pull off another Mask: and to that end de&s;ired &s;ome &s;itting Members of the Hou&s;e to give a Meeting to &s;ome of the Secluded Members; in order, as he pretended, to give them Satisfaction touching the Ju&s;tice of their Exclu&s;ion: wherein he owned him&s;elf to be throughly &s;atisfied, affirming to Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig</HI> and others, that he did this only to an&s;wer the vexatious Importunity of the Se|cluded Members. By this means he prevailed with Sir <HI>Arthur</HI> and &s;ome others to meet them at the Time and Place appointed, where the Secluded Members, and e&s;pecially Mr. <HI>Anne&s;ley,</HI> reflected &s;o undecently upon the Proceedings of the Parliament &s;ince their Exclu&s;ion, that Sir <HI>Arthur</HI> ha&s;tily ro&s;e up, and de&s;igned to leave the Company: But <HI>Monk</HI> in a droling way, de&s;ired him to be patient till he &s;hould mode|rate <HI>Anne&s;ley,</HI> which, he &s;aid, he knew well enough how to do. Upon this Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig</HI> &s;ate down again, but the other proceeding in the &s;ame manner, he lo&s;t all Patience, and ri|&s;ing up, he departed from the Conference: Mr. <HI>Scot,</HI> Mr. <HI>Robin&s;on,</HI> Col. <HI>Morley,</HI> and Mr. <HI>Rawleigh</HI> &s;taid there till the Di&s;cour&s;e was ended, and &s;o did the Chief Ju&s;tice <HI>St. Johns,</HI> who not di&s;covering him&s;elf to be of either Party, &s;ate ob&s;erving on which &s;ide the Balance would fall, as if he had been &s;till to choo&s;e. If the Parliament had not been wilfully blind,
<PB N="837" REF="425"> the&s;e things would have proved &s;ufficient to open their Eyes. But to leave them without the lea&s;t colour of Excu&s;e, it happened at this time that Advice was brought to them from <HI>Ireland,</HI> that tho&s;e who had u&s;urped the Power there, for who&s;e Fidelity <HI>Monk</HI> had engaged, and who moved not a Step without his Orders and Directions, had publi&s;hed a Declaration again&s;t them: The Contents of it were more in&s;olent than tho&s;e of the Letter which <HI>Monk</HI> had &s;ent to the Parliament before he retired into the City: for after they had reproached them with the Favours they extended to Men accu&s;ed of High Trea&s;on, and the Di&s;couragements they laid upon tho&s;e who had been &s;ent to <HI>England</HI> to pro&s;ecute them, they openly told the Par|liament they could no longer own them for an Authority; and therefore de&s;ired that a Free Parliament might be called, to put an end to the Confu&s;ions which their Mi&s;carriages had brought upon the Nation. It was matter of Amazement, that &s;uch a Declaration &s;hould be publi&s;hed by Men that pretended to act by the Authority of the Parliament; but it was not procured without Oppo&s;ition: For when Sir <HI>Charles Coote</HI> and Col. <HI>Theophilus Jones,</HI> who were the principal Confidents of <HI>Monk</HI> on that &s;ide, had prepared their Paper, and a Party to back it; Sir <HI>Hardre&s;s Waller,</HI> who had been one of the late King's Judges, fearing the Con&s;e|quence of &s;uch Practices, moved that the Council of War might be adjourned into the
<PB N="838" REF="426"> Ca&s;tle: But not being able to carry that Point, he communicated his De&s;ign to as many as he thought fit, and making an Excu&s;e to go out of the Room, he ha&s;tened away, and retired into the Ca&s;tle. Major <HI>Stanley,</HI> Lieut. Colonel <HI>Warren,</HI> and &s;ome others went immediately, and joined them&s;elves to him; and among&s;t them it was re&s;olved to &s;end out a Party to &s;eize Sir <HI>Charles Coote</HI> and his Adherents. But he having notice of their Intentions, had a Party of his Creatures ready; and being ac|companied by Col. <HI>Theophilus Jones,</HI> mounted on Hor&s;eback at the Head of them, riding up and down the Streets of <HI>Dublin,</HI> and declaring for a Free Parliament, which Language was by that time &s;ufficiently under&s;tood to be for the King. They were followed by a great Rabble of the People, and thereby &s;o incoura|ged, that they formed a De&s;ign again&s;t the Ca&s;tle; and having po&s;ted their Guards upon all the Avenues, they &s;ent a Summons to Sir <HI>Har|dre&s;s Waller</HI> to deliver the Place into their Hands. The Governour in his An&s;wer to the Summons endeavoured to convince them of the Inju&s;tice of their Attempt, reminding them of the De|clarations they had lately made to be true and faithful to the pre&s;ent Parliament; de&s;iring them to con&s;ider how much it was their Intere&s;t to adhere to them, &s;ince it was under their Au|thority that they had acted for &s;o many Years pa&s;t again&s;t the late King and his Family, and that their Titles to the Po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ion of the Lands
<PB N="839" REF="426"> forfeited by the Rebels were founded upon the &s;ame Power. Having di&s;patched this An&s;wer to Sir <HI>Charles Coote,</HI> he clothed all the Souldiers out of the Stores, and di&s;tributed a Sum of ready Money among&s;t them, to &s;ecure their Fidelity, with Promi&s;es of a farther Gratuity, if they would &s;tand by him: But Sir <HI>Charles Coote</HI> found a way to treat with &s;ome of the Gari&s;on; and after two or three days, by large Offers and advantageous Terms, prevailed with them to deliver their Governour and the Ca&s;tle into his Hands. By the Expul&s;ion of Sir <HI>Har|dre&s;s Waller</HI> out of the Army, two Regiments fell into the hand of tho&s;e that had &s;eized the Goverment in <HI>Ireland,</HI> for which Sir <HI>Charles Coote</HI> had &s;ome difficulty to find Colonels, having already di&s;po&s;ed of two to him&s;elf; one to his Brother <HI>Richard Coote,</HI> another to his Brother <HI>Chudleigh Coote,</HI> a fifth to his Brother <HI>Thomas Coote,</HI> and a &s;ixth to his Cou&s;in <HI>St. George.</HI> Which unequal Di&s;tribution was &s;o re&s;ented by &s;ome of his own Party, that Major <HI>Barrington</HI> moved at one of their Councils of War, that a more equal Hand might be kept in the di&s;po&s;al of Imployments. Whereupon Sir <HI>Charles Coote,</HI> after he had &s;everely repri|manded the Major, di&s;charged him from his Command in the Army. In the mean time, <HI>Monk</HI> had de&s;ired the Mayor of <HI>London</HI> to a&s;&s;emble the Common Council, (tho' the Par|liament had di&s;&s;olved them) and in defiance to their Authority attended on them at <HI>Guildhall,</HI>
<PB N="840" REF="427"> excu&s;ing him&s;elf for what, he &s;aid, he had been con&s;trained to do in the City by Order of the Council of State, and a&s;&s;uring them that he was much troubled for that rigorous Work. He declared him&s;elf ready to expo&s;e his Per&s;on to all Dangers for their Service, and that he had not forgot the kind Letter they had &s;ent him whil&s;t he was yet in the North: That he was then of the &s;ame opinion with them, but was obliged at that time to conceal it, till he might have an opportunity to di&s;cover his Sentiments with better advantage. He al&s;o acquainted them that he had &s;ent a Letter to the Parliament, that they would fill up the Hou&s;e, and put an end to their &s;itting by the &s;ixth of <HI>May.</HI> By this means he gave &s;uch En|couragement to the Cavalieri&s;h Party, that the Rabble of them, as he pa&s;&s;ed by from <HI>Guild|hall,</HI> cried out for a Free Parliament; and per|ceiving him not di&s;plea&s;ed with their In&s;olence, they made Bonfires in <HI>London</HI> and <HI>We&s;tmin&s;ter</HI> for roa&s;ting the Rump, as they pre&s;umed to call that Parliament, who in the five Years time that they governed without interruption, had rai&s;ed the Glory of the Nation from the Du&s;t wherein it had been buried by the Negligence and Corruption of the preceding Governments, and had rendred the Engli&s;h Name formida|ble to all <HI>Europe.</HI> This riotous Di&s;order, how plea&s;ing &s;oever it was to <HI>Monk,</HI> yet it could not be properly charged upon him, becau&s;e he had given no publick Order for what had been done,
<PB N="841" REF="427"> and therefore he continued to declare as loud as ever how faithful he would be to the Common|wealth. And tho Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig</HI> was in|formed of the foregoing Particulars, and many other things that &s;eemed fully to di&s;cover <HI>Monk</HI>'s De&s;ign: and tho' I earne&s;tly importu|ned him to improve the little time that remain|ed to prevent the threatned Ruin, by a &s;peedy Reunion with our old Friends, by adjourning the Parliament to the <HI>Tower,</HI> and by drawing our di&s;per&s;ed Forces together; yet he would not be per&s;waded to any thing of that nature, per&s;i&s;ting &s;till in his Opinion that all would be well, and that <HI>Monk</HI> would be hone&s;t. And that he might have no Pretext to be otherwi&s;e, Sir <HI>Arthur</HI> doubting by rea&s;on of the Corre|&s;pendence that continued between <HI>Monk</HI> and the Secluded Members, that, in ca&s;e the Writs for filling up the Parliament &s;hould not be i&s;&s;ued out by the time prefixed, he would take ad|vantage of that Failure to bring them into the Hou&s;e, laboured diligently with the Parliament that it might be done to his &s;atisfaction, and accordingly the Bill was pa&s;&s;ed within the time limited. But the Secluded Members being grown confident of attaining their ends by an|other way, deported them&s;elves at a much higher rate than they were accu&s;tomed to do; Major <HI>Harlow,</HI> who was one of them, taking the Liberty to &s;ay openly in <HI>We&s;tin&s;ter-Hall,</HI> that they would have their Footmen cho&s;en to &s;upply their Places. Sir <HI>Gilbert Gerrard</HI> al&s;o
<PB N="842" REF="428"> brought an Action again&s;t Col. <HI>Alured</HI> for de|nying him Admi&s;&s;ion to the Hou&s;e after the la&s;t Re&s;titution of the Parliament; but the Colonel having acted by order of the Par|liament, they ordered the Proce&s;s to be &s;topped. Yet &s;o low were the Affairs of the Parliament, and their Authority &s;o little regarded, even in <HI>Westminster Hall,</HI> that Sir <HI>Robert Pye,</HI> who had been committed to the <HI>Tower</HI> by their Or|der, &s;uing for his <HI>Habeas Corpus</HI> at the Upper Bench, and Judg <HI>Newdigate</HI> demanding of the Coun&s;el for the Commonwealth what they had to &s;ay why it &s;hould not be granted, the Coun|&s;el an&s;wered, they had nothing to &s;ay again&s;t it. Whereupon the Judg, tho' no Enemy to Mon|archy, yet a&s;hamed to &s;ee them &s;o unfaithful to their Tru&s;t, replied, that if they had nothing to &s;ay, he had; for that Sir <HI>Robert Pye</HI> being committed by an Order of the Parliament, an inferior Court could not di&s;charge him.</P>
<P>The Hou&s;e having agreed to all things nece&s;&s;a|ry for i&s;&s;uing out Writs to elect Members for fil|ling up the Parliament, ordered a Warrant to be &s;igned by the Speaker, whereby the Commi&s;&s;i|oners of the Seal &s;hould be authorized to &s;end out Writs according to Cu&s;tom: But he refu|&s;ed to do it, pretending, that if he &s;hould &s;ign any Warrant to that purpo&s;e, he might be &s;ued at Law by every individual Per&s;on in who&s;e room any-other &s;hould be elected, and there|fore de&s;ired that the Hou&s;e would pa&s;s an Act to enable their Clerk to &s;ign the Warrant; or
<PB N="843" REF="428"> that the Commi&s;&s;ioners of the Seal might i&s;&s;ue out their Writs of Summons upon a general Act to be pa&s;&s;ed to that end. It was an&s;wered, that the Duty of his Place obliged him to per|form the Commands of the Hou&s;e; that having received their Order in that Affair, he was thereby fully indemnified, and that he &s;igned not the Warrant in his Per&s;onal, but in his Politick Capacity. But he would receive no Satisfaction, per&s;i&s;ting po&s;itively in his Refu&s;al, and &s;ubmitting him&s;elf to their Plea&s;ure, if they &s;hould think fit to &s;end him to the <HI>Tower,</HI> or to choo&s;e another Per&s;on to be Speaker in his Place. Whereupon the Hou&s;e conde&s;cended to pa&s;s an Act to empower the Clerk to &s;ign the Warrant to the Commi&s;&s;ioners of the Seal: tho for my own part, I was for taking the Speaker at his Word, and placing another Per|&s;on in the Chair; and in&s;tead of &s;ending Mr. <HI>Lenthal</HI> to the <HI>Tower,</HI> to have adjourned our &s;elves thither; but I could prevail with few to be of my opinion. This Bu&s;ine&s;s being thus pa&s;&s;ed, and my Doubts increa&s;ing touch|ing the Event of the&s;e things, I earne&s;tly de&s;i|red the Hou&s;e, that I might either be pre&s;ently heard concerning the Affairs of <HI>Ireland,</HI> and my own Conduct there; or that a &s;hort Day might be appointed when they would hear me with|out any farther Delay: alledging for the Rea|&s;on of my Importunity, that tho my Ene|mies in that Country had by their late Actions manife&s;ted to all the World that their Enmity
<PB N="844" REF="429"> to the Parliament was much greater than to me; yet being uncertain what &s;ort of Men might &s;oon have the principal Influence in that Hou&s;e, I could not believe they would think it convenient that a Charge of High Trea&s;on, how frivolous &s;oever, &s;hould be tran&s;mitted to them again&s;t one of their old and faithful Servants. Mr. <HI>Thomas Scot</HI> thinking my Di&s;|cour&s;e to reflect upon his Son, who had com|manded the Forces before <HI>Duncannon,</HI> addre&s;&s;ed him&s;elf to the Speaker, and &s;aid; That tho he would not undertake to an&s;wer for all who had oppo&s;ed me in <HI>Ireland,</HI> yet he might affirm that one of them was their faithful Servant. To which I replied, tho contrary to the Order of the Hou&s;e, all things there al&s;o beginning to fall into confu&s;ion, That I could not po&s;itively &s;ay who that one was that the Gentleman who &s;poke la&s;t meant, but &s;hould &s;uppo&s;e he intended his Son, whom I a&s;&s;ured them they could not think to be &s;uch a Per&s;on as he had repre&s;ented him, unle&s;s they e&s;teemed the In&s;urrection of Sir <HI>George Booth</HI> to have been for their Service, he having attempted to ju&s;tify the Lawfulne&s;s of it in my Pre&s;ence. Upon this di&s;pute, the Speak|er pre&s;uming he &s;hould be well &s;econded, ven|tured to di&s;cover his Malice al&s;o again&s;t me, reminding the Hou&s;e of an Order they had made for the Surrender of <HI>Duncannon,</HI> to which he &s;aid, he knew not that any Obedience had been yielded; and therefore thought it nece&s;&s;ary the Hou&s;e &s;hould be a&s;&s;ured of that,
<PB N="845" REF="429"> before any Order were made upon my Motion. In this Di&s;order and Confu&s;ion the Hou&s;e ro&s;e about &s;ix in the Evening. The Council of State &s;at late that Night, and received Advice that the Secluded Members de&s;igned to force them&s;elves into the Hou&s;e the next Morning: Thereupon they &s;ent a Me&s;&s;age to <HI>Monk,</HI> to ac|quaint him with the Information they had, and required him to prevent it, if it &s;hould be attem|pted. He returned for an An&s;wer to the Council, that he was well a&s;&s;ured no &s;uch thing was de|&s;igned; but for their Satisfaction, and to hinder it if endeavoured, he would not fail to double the Guards that were to attend the Parliament. But for all this the Secluded Members, attended by divers of <HI>Monk</HI>'s Officers, went early the next Morning to <HI>We&s;tmin&s;ter,</HI> and were admit|ted into the Hou&s;e by the Guard he had placed there, who were more ready to defend than oppo&s;e them; and <HI>Monk</HI> having thus violated his Promi&s;es, and abu&s;ed the Tru&s;t repo&s;ed in him by the Publick, took up his Quarters again at <HI>Whitehall</HI> the &s;ame Morning. Being inform'd of the&s;e Tran&s;actions, I re&s;olved for my own part to give no countenance to the Secluded Members, by &s;itting with them who had no Right to any Place in Parliament, having been expelled the Hou&s;e by more than a Quorum of lawful Members. But that notice might be taken, that I had not withdrawn my &s;elf from the Service of the Publick; nor was at the Head of any Forces, as was given out,
<PB N="846" REF="430"> I thought convenient to pa&s;s &s;ometimes through <HI>We&s;tmin&s;ter-Hall,</HI> where Mr. <HI>George Montague,</HI> who knew I declined to come to the Hou&s;e, meeting me, and asking me the rea&s;on of it, I an&s;wered, that having done as much as I could to &s;erve the Commonwealth, and &s;eeing an Impo&s;&s;ibility of contending again&s;t the pre|&s;ent Torrent, I had re&s;olved to ab&s;ent my &s;elf from the Place where the Parliament u&s;ed to meet, that I might publickly di&s;own the Autho|rity of tho&s;e who had violently po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ed them|&s;elves of the Hou&s;e, and not &s;eem to con&s;ent to the Confu&s;ions they were bringing upon us. He replied, that in his opinion the Con|ditions upon which the Secluded Members had entred the Hou&s;e, were more di&s;honoura|ble than tho&s;e upon which others were gone out, and that he was not willing to &s;it among them, they having engaged to make <HI>Monk</HI> Gene|ral of all the Forces by Sea and Land, to &s;ettle a con&s;tant Maintenance for the Army, to appoint a New Parliament to be cho&s;en; and when the&s;e things were di&s;patched, to put a Period to them&s;elves within a day or two at the mo&s;t. Yet &s;ome of the lawful Members of Parliament, either through Fear or Curio&s;ity, or &s;ome other Motive not known to me, went into the Hou&s;e and &s;at among&s;t them. Another part of them, being about &s;eventeen in number, whereof di|vers were of the Council of State, went to <HI>Monk</HI> to be informed from his own Mouth of the Rea&s;ons of the&s;e Proceedings. He received
<PB N="847" REF="430"> them with no le&s;s Civility than formerly; and having under&s;tood from them the occa&s;ion of their coming, he made as &s;olemn Prote&s;tations of his Zeal to a Commonwealth-Government as he had ever done; de&s;iring them to believe that the Permi&s;&s;ion he had given to the Seclu|ded Members to enter the Hou&s;e, was only to free him&s;elf from their Importunity, and that he would take effectual care to prevent them from doing any hurt in that Place. But the&s;e Gentlemen having re&s;olved to try him to the utmo&s;t, demanded farther if he would join with them again&s;t <HI>Charles Stuart</HI> and his Party: In an&s;wer to which, he applied him&s;elf to Sir <HI>Ar|thur Ha&s;lerig,</HI> who was one of them, and &s;aid, Sir <HI>Arthur,</HI> I have often declared to you my Re&s;olution &s;o to do: then taking off his Glove, and putting his Hand within Sir <HI>Arthur</HI>'s, he added; <HI>I do here prote&s;t to you in the Pre&s;ence of all the&s;e Gentlemen, that I will oppo&s;e to the utmost the &s;etting up of</HI> Charles Stuart, <HI>a &s;ingle Per&s;on, or a Hou&s;e of Peers.</HI> After this he began to ex|po&s;tulate with them touching their Su&s;picions, &s;aying; <HI>What is it that I have done in bringing the&s;e Members into the Hou&s;e? Are they not the &s;ame that brought the King to the Block? tho' others cut off his Head, and that ju&s;tly.</HI></P>
<P>The Secluded Members having forced them|&s;elves into the Hou&s;e, took upon them the Au|thority of a Parliament, making Votes and en|acting Laws as they plea&s;ed, which Power they had hitherto con&s;tantly denied to be in a
<PB N="848" REF="431"> Hou&s;e of Commons alone: but we mu&s;t be|lieve the Ca&s;e to have been much altered upon their return; and that a Hou&s;e of Commons alone, without a King or Hou&s;e of Peers, might do any thing for betraying the Publick Cau&s;e, tho it could not have any colour of Autho|rity to ju&s;tify them in doing the lea&s;t thing for the &s;ecurity of it. In pur&s;uance of the&s;e Principles, they pa&s;&s;ed an Act to make <HI>Monk</HI> Ge|neral of all the Forces belonging to the Parlia|ment in <HI>England, Scotland</HI> and <HI>Ireland,</HI> both by Sea and Land, only they joined Col. <HI>Montague</HI> with him in the Office of Admiral; which tho <HI>Monk</HI> re&s;ented as a Violation of the Treaty he had made with the Secluded Members, yet he thought not convenlent to in&s;i&s;t upon the Al|teration of that Particular. They continued the Cu&s;toms and Exci&s;e, and laid other Taxes on the People, borrowing great Sums of the City of <HI>London</HI> on the Credit of their Acts. <HI>Monk</HI> took away Col. <HI>Walton</HI>'s Regiment of Hor&s;e, and gave it to Col.<HI>&mdash;Howard;</HI> and having made choice of two hundred Hor&s;e for his own Guard, he appointed Col. <HI>Philip Howard</HI> to command them. He di&s;po&s;ed of Col. <HI>Rich</HI>'s Regiment to Col. <HI>Ingoldsby;</HI> but before the Order could be put in execution, Col. <HI>Rich</HI> hoping he might prevail with his Men, as he had done formerly, to declare for the Lawful Authority, he went down to the Quarters where they lay. At his Arrival mo&s;t of them pro|mi&s;ed to remain faithful to him; but when
<PB N="849" REF="431"> Col. <HI>Ingoldsby</HI> came down, partly by his own Intere&s;t amongthem, they having been under his command in the time of <HI>Cromwel,</HI> and partly by the Torrent of the u&s;urped Authority, which then ran that way, he prevailed with the greate&s;t part of them to de&s;ert their Colo|nel; who finding him&s;elf abandoned by mo&s;t of them, yielded the re&s;t to him, and de|clared his Re&s;olution to acquie&s;ce. Capt. <HI>Wal|cot,</HI> who had been an Officer in my Regiment, and by me preferred to be Captain of a Troop of Hor&s;e when I &s;ent our Brigade into <HI>England,</HI> having gained an Intere&s;t in the Officers and Souldiers by his good Conduct, and &s;uppo&s;ing to find among&s;t them the &s;ame Affection to the Good Old Cau&s;e they had always manife&s;ted &s;ince their Arrival in <HI>England,</HI> went towards <HI>Chester,</HI> where they were quartered; and being arrived within twelve Miles of that place, he &s;ent a Letter to Major <HI>Woodward,</HI> of who&s;e Fidelity to the Parliament he thought him&s;elf &s;ure, to acquaint him with his Re&s;olu|tion of going to them. But &s;o great a Change had the late Turn wrought in Mens Minds, that the Major gave Capt. <HI>Walcot</HI>'s Letter to Col. <HI>Redman,</HI> who by <HI>Monk</HI>'s Order then com|manded our Iri&s;h Brigade, and who immedi|ately di&s;patched a Party of Hor&s;e to &s;eize the Captain; which having done in obedience to the Order they had received, rather than from any Inclination to &s;uch an Imploiment, they
<PB N="850" REF="432"> gave him an Opportunity to make his e&s;cape. Cap. <HI>Walcot</HI> coming afterwards to <HI>London,</HI> went to <HI>Monk,</HI> and having delivered his Opinion freely touching the Publick Affairs, and the U&s;age he had lately met with, <HI>Monk</HI> fell into a violent Pa&s;&s;ion again&s;t him; but &s;oon recol|lecting him&s;elf, he treated him in a more civil manner, and gave him a Pa&s;port to return into <HI>Ireland,</HI> where his Family and E&s;tate lay, &s;up|po&s;ing thereby to render him le&s;s able to a&s;&s;i&s;t his Enemies, than if he &s;hould continue in <HI>Eng|land.</HI> The Secluded Members having forbid|den the Council to &s;it, cho&s;e one to &s;upply their place; which was compo&s;ed of Mr. <HI>Denzil Hol|les,</HI> Sir <HI>Gilbert Gerrard,</HI> Mr. <HI>Crew,</HI> Mr. <HI>Swinfen,</HI> Sir <HI>William Lewis,</HI> Sir <HI>William Waller,</HI> Col. <HI>John Birch,</HI> Col. <HI>George Monk,</HI> Sir <HI>Anthony A&s;hley Cooper,</HI> Col. <HI>Norton,</HI> Mr. <HI>Knightly,</HI> Col. <HI>Her|bert Morley,</HI> Sir <HI>Harbottle Grimestone,</HI> Mr. <HI>Ar|thur Anne&s;ley,</HI> Sir <HI>Richard On&s;low,</HI> Chief Ju&s;tice <HI>St. Johns,</HI> Serjeant <HI>Brown,</HI> Col. <HI>Brown,</HI> &amp;c. This New Council was ve&s;ted with large Pow|ers of impri&s;oning &s;uch as they &s;u&s;pected, and doing other things &s;utable to the De&s;igns then on foot. Sir <HI>Hardre&s;s Waller</HI> obtained of them, by means of his Kin&s;man Sir <HI>William Waller,</HI> a Permi&s;&s;ion to come over to <HI>England,</HI> and to be brought before them; where having &s;ub&s;cribed an Engagement to acquie&s;ce, and to appear upon Summons, he was di&s;charged from Cu&s;tody. But Sir <HI>Charles Coote,</HI> who was well acquainted
<PB N="851" REF="432"> with the Bottom of <HI>Monk</HI>'s De&s;ign, and con|&s;cious to him&s;elf how much he had exa&s;perated the King's Friends in <HI>Ireland,</HI> by his con&s;tant Oppo&s;ition to them, having added to all the re&s;t the Execution of one <HI>Stuart,</HI> that was re|lated to the Royal Family, thought he could never do things horrid enough to tho&s;e of his own Party, in order to reconcile him&s;elf to the other: Therefore that he might give them what A&s;&s;urances he could that he was wicked enough to be imployed and tru&s;ted by them, he &s;ent a Party of Hor&s;e and &s;eized the Chief Ju&s;tice <HI>Coke,</HI> to make &s;ome amends to His Sacred Ma|je&s;ty by that Sacrifice. The grand De&s;ign of de&s;troying the Commonwealth being &s;o far ad|vanced, <HI>Monk</HI> caus'd a Declaration to be drawn in the Name of the Officers about <HI>London,</HI> and recommended to the re&s;t of the Officers in the three Nations, declaring it to be their Duty and Re&s;olution to &s;ubmit to the Authority that was over them, and to obey &s;uch Orders as they &s;hould receive from them: which when they were upbraided with, as a thing contrived to betray the Publick Cau&s;e, many of the Officers &s;hewed them&s;elves &s;o &s;en&s;ible of the Con&s;e|quences of it, that they earne&s;tly pre&s;&s;ed that a Council of War might be called; making u&s;e of &s;ome Rea&s;ons to per&s;wade their Gene|ral to it, but indeed to unite them&s;elves to each other, and in a publick manner to expre&s;s their Re&s;olutions to lay down their Lives for the
<PB N="852" REF="433"> Common-wealth. But <HI>Monk</HI> being informed of their De&s;ign, Di&s;per&s;ed them to their re|&s;pective Commands, to which they tamely &s;ubmitted, notwith&s;tanding the big Words they had &s;poken without doors. Hereupon the Se|cluded Members &s;u&s;pecting Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig</HI> to have had a principal hand in rai&s;ing this Spirit in the Officers of the Army, &s;ent to him to take his Place in the Hou&s;e where the Parliament ought to &s;it, which to that time he had not done. Sir <HI>Arthur</HI> finding it impo&s;&s;ible to re|&s;i&s;t the Stream, being accompanied with divers Members, went in to them; where, as I have been informed by &s;ome that were then pre&s;ent, he did not behave him&s;elf with that Courage and Re&s;olution that u&s;ually attended him, but pleaded in his excu&s;e the Reverence he always had for the Authority of Parliaments, and en|deavoured to ju&s;tify him&s;elf touching any Vio|lations that had been made again&s;t it, a&s;&s;uring them of his Intention to acquie&s;ce under the pre&s;ent Power. Major General <HI>Lambert</HI> al&s;o, who had hitherto concealed him&s;elf in hopes of finding an opportunity to appear at the Head of &s;ome Party, and thereby to prevent the De|&s;ign of <HI>Monk,</HI> finding that the Army had for the mo&s;t part &s;ubmitted to the Authority of the Secluded Members, &s;urrendred him&s;elf to the New Council of State, in hopes of better Terms from them than he could have promi&s;ed him&s;elf from the former, who he thought
<PB N="853" REF="433"> would have been more likely to re&s;ent the Force he had put upon the Parliament: But they con|trary to his Expectations requiring him to give Security for his quiet Deportment, upon his re|fu&s;al &s;o to do, committed him to the Tower.</P>
<P>Mo&s;t of the Common-wealth-Party were ve|ry &s;en&s;ible of the dangerous Condition of their Affairs; and that they might not be altogether wanting to their own Pre&s;ervation, and to the Service of the Publick, &s;ome of the principal Per&s;ons among them had divers Meetings; at one of which I took the liberty to make the following Propo&s;itions: That &s;even of the Coun|cil of State, and three of the Generals that had been appointed by the Parliament, &s;hould &s;ign &s;uch Orders as were nece&s;&s;ary for putting our De&s;ign in execution: That the Regiment of Col. <HI>Mo&s;s</HI> which lay in <HI>Kent</HI> and not far from <HI>London,</HI> and another which lay in the Borough of <HI>Southwark</HI> Commanded by Lieut. Col. <HI>Farnly,</HI> con&s;i&s;ting in all of more than 2000 old Soldiers, of who&s;e Integrity and Affection we had good A&s;&s;urance, &s;hould be ordered to march to the Tower to join with Col. <HI>Morley</HI>'s Regiment which was already there, and would be ready to receive them, having &s;ent to me to let me know that the Tower &s;hould be at my Com|mand when&s;oever I plea&s;ed to de&s;ire it: That the Commanders of the&s;e Forces &s;hould take with them Provi&s;ions for &s;ix Months, giving Tickets for the Quantity &s;o taken payable by
<PB N="854" REF="434"> the Parliament of <HI>England:</HI> That the Militia of <HI>London</HI> which had been li&s;ted during the Government of the Parliament, &s;hould be au|thorized to meet as there &s;hould be occa&s;ion, to a&s;&s;i&s;t the Forces in the <HI>Tower:</HI> That four or five places of Rendezvouz &s;hould be appoint|ed for the Forces of the Army that lay &s;cattered up and down in &s;everal Parts of the Nation; and that Officers &s;hould be agreed upon, to ap|pear at the Head of them: That the Souldiers both Hor&s;e and Foot, &s;hould have the liberty either to follow their old Officers, or to appoint new: That tho&s;e Officers who &s;hould prevail with the major part of their Men to follow them, &s;hould continue in their re&s;pective Po&s;ts; and that tho&s;e that appeared heartily to promote this De&s;ign, tho they could not per&s;wade the greater part of their Souldiers to follow them, &s;hould have Provi&s;ion made for them equal to their Merits: That the Country-Militia, both Hor&s;e and Foot, &s;hould be authorized to draw together, and be impowered to &s;eize and di&s;arm &s;uch Per&s;ons in the re&s;pective Coun|ties, as were known Enemies to the Common|wealth: That the Fleet &s;hould be ordered to de|clare at the &s;ame time, and to &s;end one or two thou&s;and Seamen to the A&s;&s;i&s;tance of tho&s;e in the <HI>Tower;</HI> which I conceived they might do without danger to the Nation, becau&s;e the Ene|my we were to contend with, was inte&s;tine and not from abroad. I acquainted them that Vice-Admiral
<PB N="855" REF="434"> <HI>Law&s;on</HI> who commanded the Fleet had declared his Re&s;olution to continue faithful to the Parliament, which could not well be doubted by any that would reflect upon his former Con|duct, he having taken the Oath for abjuring the King's Family, and being one of the Council of State. To this was added, that all Per&s;ons who &s;hould act by the Parliament's Authority in this Service, &s;hould be ju&s;tified in &s;o doing; that the Governours of Gari&s;ons &s;hould be re|quired to refu&s;e Obedience to any power which was not derived from the Lawful Authority of the Parliament, who&s;e place the Secluded Mem|bers had now u&s;urped; and that a Declaration &s;hould be forthwith prepared, to &s;hew the Grounds and Rea&s;ons, together with the Nece&s;|&s;ity of the&s;e Proceedings. Some of tho&s;e that were pre&s;ent promi&s;ed to advi&s;e with their Friends of the Council of State, and hoped that a <HI>Quorum</HI> of them as well as of the Generals might be found, to put the things in execution that &s;hould be agreed on. But we being ripe for the Correction of Heaven, nothing could prevent it, our Enemies &s;ucceeding in all their Attempts, and all our Endeavours proving ab|ortive. In the mean time, the Companies of <HI>London</HI> made a great Entertainment for <HI>Monk,</HI> where the Bargain they had driven with him was ratified and confirmed by di&s;&s;olute and un|becoming Debauchery; for it was his Cu&s;tom not to depart from tho&s;e Publick Meetings, till
<PB N="856" REF="435"> he was as Drunk as a Bea&s;t. After Dinner a Per|&s;on was introduc'd, who in Ver&s;e addre&s;&s;ed him|&s;elf to <HI>Monk</HI> for the Return of the King, which he heard without reproof; tho at the &s;ame time he prote&s;ted to Col. <HI>Okey</HI> who went to take leave of him in order to repair to his Command, and de&s;ir'd to be &s;atisfied of his Intentions touching <HI>Charles Stuart, That he would oppo&s;e him to the utmost;</HI> and gave him his Hand be|fore all the Officers then pre&s;ent, as a Pledg of his Sincerity.</P>
<P>The Secluded Members being convinced that the <HI>Sword</HI> was likely to prove the be&s;t Title they &s;hould find to their Authority, prepared an Act to &s;ettle the Militia in &s;uch hands as they might &s;afely tru&s;t, and took into their Con&s;ideration how to &s;ettle the Sum of one thou&s;and Pounds a Year upon <HI>Monk,</HI> which had been voted to be given him by the Parliament. The thing in di&s;pute was, Whether the &s;aid Settlement &s;hould be &s;ecured to him out of the King's Lands at <HI>Hampton-Court,</HI> as he him&s;elf had de&s;ired of the Parliament, that he might lay them more pro|foundly a&s;leep; or whether a Sum of ready Mo|ney &s;hould be paid to him in lieu of it. Divers of the Members of Parliament were for making good their former Order upon <HI>Hampton Court;</HI> and &s;everal of the Secluded Members hating the Traitor, tho they accepted the Trea&s;on, con|curred with them, that &s;o the Grant might be rendred u&s;ele&s;s to him. But his Party among&s;t
<PB N="857" REF="435"> them was &s;o great, that tho it was carried to be out of the Lands at <HI>Hampton-Court,</HI> yet in conclu&s;ion they obtained a Vote, that twenty thou&s;and Pounds &s;hould be paid to him out of the Publick Trea&s;ury, in&s;tead of it.</P>
<P>The Iri&s;h Officers al&s;o, who had a&s;&s;umed the Civil as well as the Military Power, pre|&s;ented him with a Pair of Spurs, and a Hilt for a Sword, all of Gold; together with a rich Hatband and an embroidered Belt, to manife&s;t their acknowledgent and acceptance of his good Service in betraying the Publick Cau&s;e. The Lord of <HI>Lauderdale,</HI> with other Scots who had been taken Pri&s;oners at the Battel of <HI>Wor|ce&s;ter,</HI> and continued in Cu&s;tody from that time, was &s;et at Liberty; and the Secluded Members gave order al&s;o to di&s;charge Sir <HI>George Booth</HI> from his Impri&s;onment, if he would en|gage to make his appearance upon Summons; which he thinking to be injurious to him, who had endeavoured to do no more than they them|&s;elves were attempting, refu&s;ed the Condition, but was &s;oon after relea&s;ed, without entring into any Obligation.</P>
<P>The new Council of State being informed of &s;ome De&s;igns again&s;t the u&s;urped Power, i&s;&s;ued out Warrants for apprehending divers Officers of the Army; and having &s;ome Jealou|&s;y of others that were Members of Parliament, they procured an Order of their Hou&s;e, to au|thorize them to &s;eize any Member who had
<PB N="858" REF="436"> not &s;ate &s;ince the coming in of the Secluded Members, if there &s;hould be occa&s;ion. And tho the&s;e Men could thus trample upon the Pri|viledges of that Body, whereof they pretended to be Members; yet to &s;hew how zealous they were for Presbytery, they ordered Copies of the Covenant to be fairly drawn, and hung up in every Pari&s;h-Church throughout <HI>England.</HI></P>
<P>The Lords perceiving which way things were turning, &s;olicited <HI>Monk</HI> that they might take their Places according to antient Cu&s;tom in the Hou&s;e appointed for their &s;itting, alledg|ging, that nothing done by the Commons with|out their A&s;&s;ent could ju&s;tly be e&s;teemed Legal. But it was not yet time for <HI>Monk</HI> to di&s;cover him&s;elf &s;o openly, before the Army was better prepared, and the new Militia &s;ettled: And therefore he not only gave a po&s;itive Denial to their Demand, but placed a Guard of Soldiers upon their Hou&s;e, to prevent the Lords from acting the &s;ame part that the Secluded Com|mons had done.</P>
<P>Major General <HI>Overton</HI> &s;till continued in his Government of <HI>Hull,</HI> and &s;u&s;pecting <HI>Monk</HI> to be an Enemy to the Commonwealth, had hitherto refu&s;ed to yield obedience to his Orders. Whereupon the Secluded Mem|bers being well informed of the importance of the Place, from the time they had ordered it to be kept by Sir <HI>John Hotham,</HI> again&s;t the late King, impowered <HI>Monk</HI> to u&s;e all
<PB N="859" REF="436"> means to remove the Major General from that Command. <HI>Monk,</HI> in pur&s;uance of their Di|rections, prevailed with Col. <HI>Alured,</HI> who was one of the Generals appointed by the Parlia|ment, to go down to <HI>Hull,</HI> and to endeavour to per&s;wade Major General <HI>Overton</HI> to quit the Place. Accordingly he went down, and ha|ving acquainted the Major General with the Rea&s;on of his Journey, was pre&s;ently put into the po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ion of it. It was matter of wonder to me, that Col. <HI>Alured,</HI> in whom the Common|wealth Party had repo&s;ed &s;o great Tru&s;t, would &s;uffer him&s;elf to be imployed in &s;uch a Me&s;&s;age to one of the mo&s;t faithful Servants of the Parliament. But I was &s;omewhat more &s;ati&s;|fied when Major General <HI>Overton</HI> came to <HI>London,</HI> where he a&s;&s;ured me that Col. <HI>Alured</HI> had neither &s;aid nor done at <HI>Hull</HI> any thing un|becoming an hone&s;t Man; but that upon the News of the Intru&s;ion of the Secluded Members, the Cavalier Party in the Town had &s;o increa|&s;ed, and his own Souldiers &s;plit into &s;uch Divi|&s;ions, that he had no hopes left of keeping it.</P>
<P>At this time it was di&s;puted, whether the Se|cluded Members &s;hould agree upon a Settle|ment, or whether it &s;hould be left for a Parlia|ment to do: Some were for calling in the Lords who &s;ate in the Year 1648, that they, together with the Commons, might enter into Treaty with the King for a future E&s;tabli&s;hment, which &s;hould be grounded chiefly upon the Conce&s;&s;i|ons
<PB N="860" REF="437"> made by the la&s;t King in the I&s;le of <HI>Wight.</HI> But <HI>Monk</HI> being earne&s;tly de&s;irous to bring back the King without any Conditions, in hopes thereby to procure a Recompence equal to the Greatne&s;s of his Treachery, prevented the Succe&s;s of that Propo&s;ition; which part he act|ed &s;o openly, that divers of the Secluded and other Members of Parliament re&s;olved to imi|tate him: and tho all of them had engaged the Nation in a War again&s;t the King, had contri|buted the utmo&s;t of their Endeavours to carry it on, and called in the Scoti&s;h Nation to a&s;&s;i&s;t them in it; yet upon a Debate whether tho&s;e of the King's Party &s;hould be admitted to e|lect Members for the &s;ucceeding Parliament, it was, to the a&s;toni&s;hment of all Men but them&s;elves, carried for the Affirmative. Ha|ving done this, they ordered Writs to be i&s;&s;ued out in the Name of the Keepers of the Liberties of <HI>England,</HI> excluding &s;uch from being cho&s;en who had &s;erved the King, which was contri|ved to lead the People blindfold to their own Ruin, and to put &s;ome colour upon the Cheat they were about to impo&s;e on them. For they knew that having given leave for the Cavaliers to choo&s;e, and by every Step they had taken, manife&s;ted their Malice again&s;t the Common|wealth, it would certainly come to pa&s;s, that either the Sons of tho&s;e of the King's Party, or at lea&s;t &s;uch as had privately favoured that Intere&s;t, would for the mo&s;t part be cho&s;en in
<PB N="861" REF="437"> that Conjuncture, when the Common-wealth Party were under the greate&s;t Di&s;couragements, and could not appear with Safety under the u|&s;urped Authority. They under&s;tood al&s;o that tho it &s;hould happen, contrary to the Exclu&s;ion before mentioned, that tho&s;e who had been actually in Arms for the King &s;hould be cho&s;en and returned to &s;it in the Hou&s;e, yet we were not likely to procure them to be ejected at &s;uch a time as this; having not been able, without the greate&s;t difficulty, to ca&s;t out, even from <HI>Richard</HI>'s Convention, tho&s;e that had been in Arms again&s;t us.</P>
<P>The Secluded Members not thinking them|&s;elves &s;ecure, till they had put the Militia into the hands of &s;uch as were Enemies to the Com|monwealth, pa&s;&s;ed an Act to that purpo&s;e, and ordered it to be printed and publi&s;hed: Where|at the Officers about <HI>Monk</HI> were &s;o offended, that tho they had lo&s;t all Affection to the Pub|lick Cau&s;e, yet &s;u&s;pecting that the forming &s;uch a Militia, and intru&s;ting it in the Hands of Commi&s;&s;ioners that were known to be Fa|vourers of the King's Party, might prove in|jurious, if not de&s;tructive to the Army, by bringing in the Son of the late King without them, they applied them&s;elves to <HI>Monk,</HI> and earne&s;tly de&s;ired that in con&s;ideration of his own and their Danger, he would prevent the Execution of the &s;aid Act. whereupon he &s;ent a Letter to the pretended Parliament, to
<PB N="862" REF="438"> let them know, that being informed of the Di&s;affection of the Commi&s;&s;ioners nominated in the Act they had pa&s;&s;ed touching the Militia, he de&s;ired them to forbear the Execution of it, le&s;t the Per&s;ons they had intru&s;ted therein might erect &s;uch a Power in oppo&s;ition to the Army, as might be &s;ufficient to bring in <HI>Charles Stuart.</HI> The Letter being read in the Hou&s;e, cau&s;ed a great Perplexity among&s;t them, many not knowing what Judgment to make of it, and &s;ome of them fearing that <HI>Monk</HI> would de|ceive them at la&s;t. But others under&s;tood him well enough; and therefore, notwith&s;tanding his Letter, Mr. <HI>Prynn</HI> went to the Printer, and procured the Act to be immediately made publick, knowing it to be the de&s;ire of <HI>Monk</HI> that it &s;hould be &s;o. Yet that they might cor|re&s;pond with him in his Deceit, they &s;ent Sir <HI>William Waller</HI> and one more, to give him &s;atisfaction concerning the Particulars of the Act, which he pretended to &s;cruple. They acquainted him, that tho there were many Per|&s;ons nominated in the Act, who might be wil|ling to do as was &s;u&s;pected, yet that by it none were permitted to act as Commi&s;&s;ioners, but &s;uch as &s;hould own the Ju&s;tice of the Parlia|ment's Cau&s;e again&s;t the King to the Year 1648, by &s;ub&s;cribing a Paper to that purpo&s;e. They al&s;o informed him, that the &s;aid Commi&s;|&s;ioners were not to appoint any Colonels or Cap|tains to act in the Militia, before they &s;hould
<PB N="863" REF="438"> be approved by the Council of State. <HI>Monk,</HI> being willing to receive &s;atisfaction, ha|ving &s;ent the forementioned Letter only at the Importunity of the Officers, re&s;olved to be contented with this An&s;wer; tho' all Men &s;aw how little Con&s;cience the Ca|valier Party made of &s;igning any Paper, in order to promote the Intere&s;t of their Fa|ction.</P>
<P>The Act for the Militia being pa&s;&s;ed, the Command of all the Forces and Gari&s;ons &s;et|tled on <HI>Monk,</HI> and the Fleet in his Power in conjunction with Col. <HI>Montague,</HI> the pretended Parliament authorized their Council of State to provide for the Publick &s;afety on all Emer|gencies, and to di&s;po&s;e Affairs as they &s;hould think fit till the meeting of the next Parliament. Which being done, and the Hou&s;e ready to pa&s;s the Act for their Di&s;&s;olution, Mr. <HI>Crew</HI> who had been as forward as any Man in beginning and carrying on the War again&s;t the la&s;t King, mo|ved, that before they di&s;&s;olved them&s;elves, they would bear their witne&s;s again&s;t the horrid Murder, as he called it, of the King. This unexpected Motion prevailed with many then pre&s;ent to deny their Concurrence to that Act again&s;t the King, tho not to reflect in the &s;ame manner on tho&s;e who had been concerned in it: And one of them concluding his Di&s;|cour&s;e with prote&s;ting that he had neither Hand nor Heart in that Affair, Mr. <HI>Thomas Scot,</HI> who
<PB N="864" REF="439"> had been &s;o much deluded by the Hypocri&s;y of <HI>Monk,</HI> as I have already related, in abhor|rence of that ba&s;e Spirit, &s;aid, That tho he knew not where to hide his Head at that time, yet he dur&s;t not refu&s;e to own, that not only his Hand, but his Heart al&s;o was in it: and after he had produced divers Rea&s;ons to prove the Ju&s;tice of it, he concluded, that he &s;hould de&s;ire no greater Honour in this World, than that the following In&s;cription might be engra|ven on his Tomb; <HI>Here lieth one who had a Hand and a Heart in the Execution of</HI> Charles Stuart <HI>late King of</HI> England. Having &s;aid this, he and mo&s;t of the Members who had a Right to &s;it in Parliament withdrew from the Hou&s;e; &s;o that there was not the fourth part of a <HI>Quorum</HI> of lawful Members pre&s;ent in the Hou&s;e, when the Secluded Members, who had been voted out of the Parliament by tho&s;e that had an undi&s;puted Authority over their own Members, undertook to di&s;&s;olve the Parlia|ment, which was not to be done, unle&s;s by their own Con&s;ent; and whether that Con|&s;ent was ever given, is &s;ubmitted to the Judgment of all impartial Men. This Face of Authority being vani&s;hed after a full Di&s;|covery of the Malignity of their Intenti|ons, I &s;uppo&s;ed the Cruelty of their Coun|cil of State would not fail to increa&s;e with their Fears; and therefore, tho I continued to pa&s;s &s;ome times thro <HI>Westminster Hall,</HI> that they
<PB N="865" REF="439"> might &s;ee I was not withdrawn; yet I did it not &s;o frequently and publickly as I had done, chan|ging my Lodging from the Hou&s;e of one Friend to that of another; and when I lay at my own Hou&s;e, taking the be&s;t care I could do to &s;ecure my &s;elf from being &s;urprized.</P>
<P>In the mean time, a con&s;iderable Party of tho&s;e who had been engaged again&s;t the King, re&s;olved to rai&s;e a Sum of Money to pay &s;uch Troops as &s;hould be willing to draw together again&s;t <HI>Monk</HI> and his Partizans; and that two of their number &s;hould be bound for the peaceable Deportment of Major General <HI>Lam|bert</HI> in the penal Sum of five thou&s;and Pounds, &s;o much being demanded by the Council of State; which Bond, if it &s;hould come to be forfeited, and the Per&s;ons bound con&s;trained to pay the Money, it was agreed that the &s;aid Sum &s;hould be di&s;charged out of the Publick Stock. Mr. <HI>Slingsby Bethel</HI> was imployed by the mo&s;t eminent Per&s;ons concerned in this De&s;ign, to communicate their Re&s;olutions to Sir <HI>Arthur Ha&s;lerig,</HI> whom he attended at his Lodg|ings to that purpo&s;e, and found him in a mo&s;t melancholy po&s;ture, &s;itting in a Chair, and leaning his Head upon both his Hands. Mr. <HI>Bethel</HI> asked him the rea&s;on of his trouble; and received for An&s;wer, That having been with <HI>Monk</HI> that Morning, and pre&s;&s;ing him to give him &s;ome a&s;&s;urance of his Care of the Com|monwealth, reminding him of his Oaths and
<PB N="866" REF="440"> Prote&s;tations of Fidelity to the Cau&s;e, <HI>Monk</HI> had treated him in an unu&s;ual manner, and de|manded how he could expect any thing from him, whom he had endeavoured to make le&s;s than he was before he marched to <HI>London?</HI> Sir <HI>Arthur</HI> added to the re&s;t of his Di&s;cour&s;e to Mr. <HI>Bethel, We are undone, We are undone.</HI> Thus he that had abandoned his old Friends to &s;upport the Intere&s;t of <HI>Monk,</HI> and would not be per&s;waded of the Malignity of his De&s;igns, whereby he had lo&s;t many Opportunities of re|covering all, was at la&s;t de&s;erted by him, and almo&s;t driven to de&s;pair. Mr. <HI>Scot</HI> al&s;o informed me, that he had lo&s;t all hopes of getting &s;uch a number of our Council of State together, as &s;hould be nece&s;&s;ary to put in execution the De|&s;ign which I had propo&s;ed; and that, having notice that the New Council of State had re|&s;olved to &s;eize his Per&s;on, he de&s;igned to retire into the Country, as well to &s;ecure him&s;elf, as to endeavour to be elected into the en&s;uing Convention, which by the Vote of the Secluded Members was to be called a Parliament. The&s;e things put me in further doubt of my own Safety, and moved me to provide for my &s;elf as well as I could. To that end I &s;eldom lay at my own Hou&s;e, after Mr. <HI>Scot</HI>'s Departure from <HI>London;</HI> and finding my &s;elf deprived of all means to &s;erve the Publick, and expecting the utmo&s;t Extremities that Malice could invent again&s;t tho&s;e that had faithfully &s;erved their
<PB N="867" REF="440"> Country, I re&s;olved al&s;o to withdraw my &s;elf from the Ob&s;ervation of the U&s;urpers, and to go into the Country. In pur&s;uance of this Re|&s;olution I departed from <HI>London,</HI> accompanied by my Wife in a &s;mall Chariot drawn by two Hor&s;es, having &s;ent two Servants before well mounted to attend him on the Road, with a led Hor&s;e for my &s;elf, if there &s;hould be occa|&s;ion. The &s;econd Day of my Journey early in the Morning we perceived one to ride very hard after us, who coming up to us, proved to be a Per&s;on that waited on my Mother, and was &s;ent by our Relations with Letters to in|form me of what had happened &s;ince our De|parture: That about an hour and a half after we left <HI>London,</HI> a Me&s;&s;enger from the Council of State came to the Hou&s;e where I lodged, with an Order requiring me to appear before them; a&s;&s;uring my Relations he had the like Orders for &s;ummoning Mr. <HI>Miles Corbet,</HI> Col. <HI>John Jones,</HI> and Col. <HI>Thomlin&s;on,</HI> Commi&s;&s;io|ners of Parliament for the Affairs of <HI>Ireland,</HI> to attend the &s;aid Council: That the Me&s;&s;en|ger being earne&s;t to know whether I was gone, that he might give the more certain account to tho&s;e that &s;ent him; my Si&s;ter <HI>Kemp&s;on</HI> doubt|ing they might &s;end after me and &s;eize me, had refu&s;ed to an&s;wer that Que&s;tion; and that my Mother <HI>Old&s;worth</HI> fearing my Si&s;ters Refu&s;al might increa&s;e the Jealou&s;y of the Council of State, and put them upon taking &s;ome extream
<PB N="868" REF="441"> Mea&s;ures again&s;t me, had prevailed with my Father-in-Law her Husband to wait on the Council the next Morning, and to inform them whither I was gone, and the Cau&s;e of my Re|moval from <HI>London.</HI> Having received this account, and &s;oon concluding that the Coun|cil either had already, or would &s;end &s;peedily after me, I mounted my led Hor&s;e, that I might be the better prepared to make my E&s;cape, if I &s;hould happen to be pur&s;ued; and le&s;t they &s;hould have way laid me on the Road, I di|vided my little Company, directing my Wife with the Chariot and two Servants to take the common Road by <HI>Bag&s;hot,</HI> whil&s;t I with a Groom cro&s;&s;ed the Heath, and declined all pub|lick Roads: So that my Wife and I met not, till towards the Evening I perceived her coming by a private way, which it was nece&s;&s;ary to pa&s;s before &s;he could reach the Hou&s;e of my Cou&s;in <HI>Robert Wallop</HI> at <HI>Farley,</HI> where we had agreed to remain that Night. There we found Mr. <HI>Nicholas Love,</HI> who had been one of the late King's Judges, and who arrived there ju&s;t be|fore us. Soon after our Arrival, Mr. <HI>Wallop</HI> who had been at a Mannor called <HI>Husbands,</HI> be|longing to him, came home, and received us with his u&s;ual Genero&s;ity and cordial Affection, expre&s;&s;ing no le&s;s Zeal to the Commonwealth, than when it was in its highe&s;t Pro&s;perity. And tho I acquainted him with the State of my Af|fairs, and with the Proceedings of the Coun|cil
<PB N="869" REF="441"> in relation to me, he earne&s;tly de&s;ired me to continue at his Hou&s;e: But I thought it not decent &s;o to do; and therefore after two Nights &s;tay I took leave of him, and went to <HI>Sutton,</HI> where I lay with as much Privacy as I could, having di&s;covered that the Ma&s;ter of the Inn had been one of the late King's Guard, and pa&s;&s;ionately addicted to the Cavalier Intere&s;t. The next day I went to the Hou&s;e of my Cou|&s;in <HI>William Ludlow</HI> at <HI>Clarendon,</HI> where I was informed that Mr. <HI>Bainton,</HI> whom I had pro|mi&s;ed to &s;erve in the en&s;uing Election, had de|&s;i&s;ted from his De&s;ign, and that Sir <HI>Anthony A&s;hley Cooper</HI> and Mr. <HI>Earnly</HI> were likely to be cho&s;en. However to make good my Promi&s;e, I &s;ent a Letter to him, to let him know I was come into the Country, and to offer him what Service I could, if he per&s;i&s;ted in his Intentions to &s;tand for the County of <HI>Wilts.</HI> Having di&s;patched this Me&s;&s;age, and doubting the Council of State might &s;end to &s;eize, or at lea&s;t to &s;ummon me, I went privately from <HI>Claren|don</HI> to <HI>Salisbury,</HI> and took up my Lodgings at the Hou&s;e of one Mr. <HI>Traughton,</HI> a Mini&s;ter of that City; where after I had been two or three days, I received a Letter from my Fa|ther <HI>Old&s;worth,</HI> by which I under&s;tood he had been with tho&s;e of the Council of State, and having informed them, that the De&s;ign of my Journey into the Country, was in order to &s;ettle my Affairs there, they &s;eemed to be well &s;ati&s;|fied.
<PB N="870" REF="442"> He acquainted me al&s;o that Mr. <HI>Miles Corbet,</HI> Col. <HI>John Jones,</HI> and Col. <HI>Thomlin&s;on,</HI> had attended the Council in obedience to their Summons, and were not permitted to depart, till they had &s;igned an Engagement to give no Di&s;turbance to the pre&s;ent Power. The con|&s;ideration of this Proceeding towards them, made me &s;et a higher value on my Deliverance from their Hands, than I had hitherto done. For if I had not left the Town when I did, the Summons from the Council had been &s;erved upon me; and if I had not appeared, it would have been taken as a Contempt: but if I had appeared, they would undoubtedly have ten|dered me the like Engagement to &s;ign, which I could not have done any more than that which was required from me by <HI>Cromwel,</HI> and &s;o might have been impri&s;oned, and in all probability detained till the Return of <HI>Charles Stuart.</HI></P>
<P>The time of the Election drawing near, I &s;ent a Me&s;&s;enger to Mr. <HI>Bainton</HI> for his la&s;t Re&s;olution in this matter, who returned me this An&s;wer, That having had a Meeting with the Gentlemen of the Country at the <HI>Devi&s;es,</HI> he had re&s;olved not to put his Friends to the trouble of appearing for him; judging it the be&s;t way rather to &s;wim with the Stream, than to be born down with it. Being thus di&s;charged of my Engagement to Mr. <HI>Bainton,</HI> I went to <HI>Maiden Bradley,</HI> and held a Court at <HI>Yardenfield,</HI> that I might rai&s;e what
<PB N="871" REF="442"> Money I could among&s;t my Tenants, by fil|ling up E&s;tates, and changing Lives: which having di&s;patched, I went to my Mannor of <HI>Knoyle</HI> for the &s;ame end; and being there, was much importuned by the Inhabitants of the Borough of <HI>Hinden,</HI> part of the &s;aid Mannor, to be one of their Burge&s;&s;es in the A&s;&s;embly that was to meet at <HI>Westmin&s;ter.</HI> Tho I dur&s;t not de&s;ire any to confer &s;o great a Tru&s;t on me, yet I confe&s;s it was no &s;mall Contentment to me, that they would manife&s;t their Re&s;pects to my Per&s;on, and their Remembrance of my Services, what&s;oever they had been, in &s;uch a Conjuncture, when the Cavalier Party, with what De&s;ign may ea&s;ily be conjectured, had Printed the Names of the late King's Judges, of which Number I had the Honour to be one; and when that Intere&s;t was already become &s;o prevalent, that the Heir of the Lord <HI>Cottington,</HI> tho a Papi&s;t and an Ideot, had found a Party &s;ufficient to put him into po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ion of <HI>Founthil-</HI>Hou&s;e, which had been given by the Parlia|ment to the Lord Pre&s;ident <HI>Brad&s;haw,</HI> and to maintain him therein by open Violence, again&s;t the Kin&s;man and Heir of the &s;aid Pre&s;ident.</P>
<P>Having fini&s;hed my private Affairs as well as I could, I was willing to have it believed that I was gone to <HI>Salisbury,</HI> and therefore &s;et forward on that way; but to defeat, if po&s;&s;ible the Malice of my Enemies, I went not far be|fore I quitted that Road; and having &s;ent my
<PB N="872" REF="443"> Chariot, wherein my Wife was, to <HI>Salisbury,</HI> I mounted on Hor&s;eback, and pa&s;&s;ing over the Hills that lie towards <HI>Somer&s;et&s;hire,</HI> I went to the Hou&s;e of my Brother <HI>Strangways</HI> at <HI>East-Charleton,</HI> where I &s;taid about four days as pri|vately as I could, my Hor&s;es being watered within the Walls of the Hou&s;e, and the Servants commanded to be &s;ilent concerning me.</P>
<P>The time of Election for the Borough of <HI>Hinden</HI> being come, the Per&s;ons in Nomination were Mr. <HI>How</HI> of <HI>Berwick,</HI> Sir <HI>Thomas Thynne,</HI> and my &s;elf. All agreed to chu&s;e Mr. <HI>How,</HI> &s;o that the Di&s;pute lay between Sir <HI>Thomas</HI> and Me. The number of the Electors was about twenty &s;ix, of whom I had nineteen Voices, and was thereupon declared by the Bailiff to be elected with Mr. <HI>How,</HI> to &s;erve for that Borough. The Indentures were &s;igned, and Writ returned to the Sheriff according to Cu&s;tom. But the Agents of Sir <HI>Thomas Thynne</HI> being unwilling to lo&s;e all their Trouble and Expence, and gue&s;&s;ing upon probable Grounds, that if they could bring the Ca&s;e before the next A&s;&s;embly, they &s;hould certainly carry it again&s;t me, &s;igned another Indenture for Mr. <HI>How</HI> and Sir <HI>Thomas Thynne,</HI> making up in Number what they wanted in Quality, taking the Sub&s;criptions of the Rabble, who not on|ly paid nothing either to the State, Church or Poor, but al&s;o received the Publick Alms of the Pari&s;h: And to gain the&s;e, they were
<PB N="873" REF="443"> obliged to de&s;cend to the mo&s;t unworthy Arti|fices, affirming that I was already fled, and that they &s;hould certainly be de&s;troyed by the King, if they elected me.</P>
<P>Before I went into <HI>Somer&s;et&s;hire</HI> I had or|dered one of my Tenants, of who&s;e Fidelity I had good a&s;&s;urance, to find out &s;ome private Hou&s;e where I might remain till I could better di&s;cern what cour&s;e to take. Having made a diligent Inquiry, he came to me with an account that he had found out divers places, whereof I might make choice of that which I &s;hould be&s;t approve for my Retirement, which accordingly I did, and was received with hearty Affection; and during the time I &s;taid there, enjoyed great Satisfaction in the Conver&s;ation of the good Man of the Hou&s;e, who was a Lover of his Country, Po&s;&s;e&s;&s;or of an E&s;tate of about one hundred Pounds by Year in free Land; above Contempt, and below Envy. After I had been with him about eight days, I thought I might without much hazard give my Wife a vi&s;it at <HI>Salisbury;</HI> and accordingly I went thither in the Night, and lay there. The next day being Sunday, News was brought to that place that Major General <HI>Lambert</HI> had made his e&s;cape out of the <HI>Tower,</HI> and that it was &s;uppo&s;ed he would be able to draw a con&s;iderable part of the Army into a Body &s;peedily. Hereupon, not doubting that the utmo&s;t diligence would be u&s;ed to &s;eize <HI>Lambert,</HI> and knowing that
<PB N="874" REF="444"> tho&s;e of <HI>Salisbury</HI> were informed that I was in tho&s;e parts, I returned to my former Lodg|ing, where I had not been above two or three days, when the Man that had a&s;&s;i&s;ted Major General <HI>Lambert</HI> in his e&s;cape, came to me with a Me&s;&s;age from him, to acquaint me that divers Officers of the Army had been with him; that they had agreed upon two places of Rendez|vous, and had di&s;per&s;ed them&s;elves to their re|&s;pective Countries, in order to put their De&s;ign in execution; that they had received A&s;&s;urances that the greate&s;t part of the Army would join with them, and therefore de&s;ired that I would give Orders for the Forces in the <HI>We&s;tern</HI> Parts to draw together, and that I would meet him at the Head of them in the County of <HI>Ox|ford.</HI> But I thought it not prudent to en|gage my Friends in &s;o publick a manner, till I &s;hould &s;ee &s;ome probability of making a &s;tand, whereof I conceived I might give &s;ome gue&s;s by <HI>Lambert</HI>'s fir&s;t Rendezvouz, which was ap|pointed to be about <HI>Daventry.</HI> In the mean time I di&s;patched Me&s;&s;engers to &s;everal Officers that commanded the Forces in the Counties of <HI>Dor&s;et, Somer&s;et</HI> and <HI>Wilts,</HI> to be ready to march if there &s;hould be occa&s;ion. I received a&s;&s;u|rance from a con&s;iderable Party about <HI>Taunton,</HI> that the Ca&s;tle &s;hould be &s;ecured for the Pub|lick Service, and had divers Promi&s;es of the &s;ame nature from other Places. The Hor&s;e that lay at <HI>Salisbury</HI> began to &s;tagger, and I
<PB N="875" REF="444"> doubt not would have been hone&s;t if they had &s;een a Force &s;ufficient to have made it rea&s;ona|ble for them to appear. About eight days after my return from <HI>Salisbury,</HI> one Major <HI>Whitby</HI> came to me from Major General <HI>Lambert,</HI> to acquaint me with his Intentions, and to con&s;ult with me, concerning the be&s;t way of drawing together the Forces on our &s;ide. He a&s;&s;ured me that about one thou&s;and Hor&s;e were already with <HI>Lambert,</HI> and that he had good a&s;&s;urance that mo&s;t part of the Army would join with him. Having received this Information, and being willing to hazard all with Major General <HI>Lambert</HI> or any other Per&s;ons, if I might be &s;atisfied they aimed at the good of the Com|monwealth, I de&s;ired to know what <HI>Lam|bert</HI> had or would declare for, it being that I thought the Duty of every Man to inform him|&s;elf of the Ju&s;tice of the Cau&s;e, before he en|gageth him&s;elf in it. Major <HI>Whitby</HI> an&s;wered, that it was not now a time to declare what we would be for, but what we would be again&s;t, which was that Torrent of Tyranny and Pope|ry which was ready to break in upon us. To which I replied, that the be&s;t way to prevent tho&s;e Mi&s;chie&s;s, would be to agree upon &s;ome|thing that might be contrary to them, not &s;o much in Name, as in the Nature of it; whereby we might ju&s;tly hope to engage all good Men to favour and a&s;&s;i&s;t us in our Enter|prize; and that the utmo&s;t care ought to be ta|ken
<PB N="876" REF="445"> to convince the Nation of the Sincerity and Ju&s;tice of our Intentions, e&s;pecially &s;ince all Men knew they had been &s;o lately cheated, by ad|vancing a Per&s;onal in&s;tead of a Publick In|tere&s;t, and therefore not likely to be &s;o ea&s;ily taken with the &s;ame Bait again. So having com|municated to me what he had in tru&s;t, and having received my An&s;wer, the Major depart|ed; and two or three days after an account was brought to me, that Major General <HI>Lambert</HI>'s Party was di&s;per&s;ed, and him&s;elf taken Pri&s;oner by Col. <HI>Ingoldsby.</HI> To which Defeat an Acci|dent that happened did not a little contribute; for &s;ome of <HI>Ingoldsby</HI>'s Party in their March had met Capt. <HI>Ha&s;lerig,</HI> Son to Sir <HI>Arthur,</HI> and knowing his Troop to be with <HI>Lambert,</HI> they &s;eized him and brought him to Col. <HI>Ingoldsby,</HI> where he &s;aid, that being di&s;&s;atisfied with <HI>Lam|bert</HI>'s De&s;ign, he had quitted the Party, and thereby hoped to be &s;et at liberty. But <HI>Ingoldsby</HI> told him, that unle&s;s he would bring off his Troop al&s;o from <HI>Lambert,</HI> his de&s;erting them &s;hould be of no advantage to him. He promi|&s;ed to u&s;e the be&s;t of his Endeavours to &s;erve him, and thereupon was permitted to return to <HI>Lambert.</HI> When the two Parties were ready to engage, he brought off his Troop as he had promi&s;ed to endeavour, which cau&s;ed &s;uch a Con&s;ternation in the re&s;t of the Party, that ma|ny of them went over to <HI>Ingoldsby,</HI> and mo&s;t part of tho&s;e who did not think fit to follow
<PB N="877" REF="445"> their Example, &s;hifted for them&s;elves as well as they could, leaving <HI>Lambert</HI> talking with <HI>In|goldsby,</HI> and endeavouring to di&s;&s;uade him from engaging any farther again&s;t him. But Col. <HI>Ingoldsby</HI> perceiving that <HI>Lambert</HI>'s Party had abandoned him, rid up clo&s;e to him and required him to yield him&s;elf Pri&s;oner, which after a &s;hort he&s;itation he did, de&s;iring <HI>Ingoldsby</HI>'s Lord&s;hip, as he called him, to give him leave to e&s;cape. Col. <HI>Cobbet,</HI> Major <HI>Creed,</HI> and &s;ome other Officers were taken Pri&s;oners, and with Major Gen. <HI>Lambert</HI> committed to the <HI>Tower.</HI> Thus our Enemies were tho&s;e of our own Hou&s;e, and it was not the King's Party that could de&s;troy us; which as it ought to be a Sub|ject of Humiliation to us, &s;o it can be no ju&s;t Cau&s;e of Exaltation to them. Being thus de|prived of an Opportunity of appearing in the Field for the Service of my Country, I re&s;ol|ved to go to <HI>London,</HI> and there to wait the Plea|&s;ure of God, either by acting or &s;uffering in his Cau&s;e; where being arrived, I took up my Lodging at the Hou&s;e of a Friend who lived in <HI>Holborn,</HI> and endeavouring to learn what Major General <HI>Lambert</HI> de&s;igned to have done if he had kept his ground, I was informed that he had prepared two Declarations very different from each other, intending to publi&s;h that which might have procured him the greater Party: but becau&s;e it could not be agreed which of them was mo&s;t likely to do &s;o, he had
<PB N="878" REF="446"> thought fit to publi&s;h neither. Hitherto <HI>Monk</HI> had continued to make &s;olemn Prote&s;tations of his Affection and Fidelity to the Common|wealth-Intere&s;t, again&s;t a King and Hou&s;e of Lords; but the New Militia being &s;ettled, and a Convention, calling them&s;elevs a Parliament, and fit for his purpo&s;e, being met a <HI>We&s;tmin|ster,</HI> he &s;ent to &s;uch Lords as had &s;ate with the Parliament till 1648, to return to the Place where they u&s;ed to &s;it; which they did, upon a&s;&s;urance from him, that no others &s;hould be permitted to &s;it with them; which Promi&s;e he al&s;o broke, and let in not only &s;uch as had de|&s;erted to <HI>Oxford,</HI> but the late created Lords. And <HI>Charles Stuart,</HI> elde&s;t Son to the late King, being informed of the&s;e Tran&s;actions, left the <HI>Spani&s;h</HI> Territories where he then re&s;ided, and by the Advice of <HI>Monk</HI> went to <HI>Breda,</HI> a Town belonging to the States of <HI>Holland:</HI> From whence he &s;ent his Letters and a Declaration to the two Hou&s;es, by Sir <HI>John Greenvil;</HI> where|upon the Nominal Hou&s;e of Commons, tho called by a Commonwealth&punc;Writ, in the Name of the Keepers of the Liberties of <HI>England,</HI> pa&s;|&s;ed a Vote, That the Government of the Nation &s;hould be by a King, Lords and Com|mons, and that <HI>Charles Stuart</HI> &s;hould be Pro|claimed King of <HI>England,</HI> &amp;c.</P>
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<PB REF="446">
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