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<DATE>2013-09-11</DATE>
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<NAME>Alexis Jakobson</NAME>
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<TEXT LANG="eng">
<FRONT>
<DIV1 TYPE="title page">
<PB REF="1">
<PB REF="1" MS="y">
<P>THE HISTORY OF THE TREATY AT Nimueguen.</P>
<P>WITH REMARKS ON THE <HI>Intere&s;t of E&V;ROPE</HI> In relation to that Affair.</P>
<P><HI>Tran&s;lated out of</HI> French.</P>
<P><HI>LONDON:</HI> Printed for <HI>Dorman Newman</HI> at the Kings Arms in the <HI>Poultrey.</HI> 1681.</P>
<PB REF="2" MS="y">
<PB REF="2">
<GAP DESC="duplicate" EXTENT="1 page">
</DIV1>
<DIV1 TYPE="to the reader">
<PB REF="3" MS="y">
<PB REF="3">
<HEAD>The Tran&s;lator to the Reader.</HEAD>
<OPENER><SALUTE>Reader,</SALUTE></OPENER>
<P>WHEN I have told you that the Au|thor of this Hi&s;tory is a <HI>French-man,</HI> and that he hath dedicated the Original to Mon&s;ieur <HI>Colbert,</HI> one of the active <HI>French</HI> Plenipotentiaries at <HI>Nimueguen;</HI> I &s;uppo&s;e, without other notice, you'l expect to find in it &s;ome affectations, I will not &s;ay partialities, &s;uch as are u&s;ual to Authors who write of Af|fairs wherein their Countrey have the greate&s;t &s;hare; though, to &s;peak evenly, my Author does not &s;eem very culpable in this kind. The General peace that was concluded at <HI>Nimue|guen,</HI> atte&s;ts the truth of the mo&s;t &s;ub&s;tantial matters contained in this Treati&s;e. And the re&s;pect that is due to &s;o many great men as were pre&s;ent at the Negotiation, makes it al|mo&s;t incredible that an ingenuous per&s;on, &s;uch as the Author &s;eems to be (who in his Epi|stle to the Reader wi&s;hes that he had not been a <HI>French man,</HI> that &s;o he might have avoid|ed the &s;u&s;pition of partiality) would pub|li&s;h any fal&s;hood concerning the compliments and ceremonies which could not be &s;pared a|mongst &s;o many publick Ministers, when be might &s;o ea&s;ily, and with &s;hame, be by the ma|ny parties concerned convicted of the Impo|sture.</P>
<PB REF="4">
<P>You need not then doubt, but that this Book pre&s;ents you with the true lineaments and features of the &s;ub&s;tantial affairs that were treated in that famous A&s;&s;embly, though probably the lights and air may be <HI>French,</HI> and the frame which &s;ets them off <HI>a-la-mode de Louis.</HI> You know as well as I, that it is u&s;ual for &s;ubjects and lovers of a victorious Prince, to attribute even the most extorted and unvoluntary actions of their Master, to his free choice, and meer good will and plea|&s;ure; and in this strain you'l find our Author &s;peak throughout this whole Book; yet I make no doubt but that many know how much other influences, be&s;ides the <HI>French</HI> Kings good in|clinations to give peace to <HI>Europe</HI> (and parti|cularly the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Forces &s;ent over into <HI>Flan|ders</HI>) have had their effects in producing that Serenity which is at every turn attributed to his plea&s;ure. But &s;eeing it is u&s;ual in all great atchievements wherein many are concerned, that the &s;everal parties a&s;&s;ume to them&s;elves the glory of being the chief instruments in bringing them about; I think if the di&s;h be good, you need not be much concerned at the manner of garni&s;hing it, but plea&s;e your &s;elf according to your humour or skill.</P>
<P>Now, <HI>Reader,</HI> what advantage this Book may afford yo<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">, you'l find by the peru&s;al of
<PB REF="4">it. And if your Stars have not destin'd you for &s;uch a publick per&s;on as that it may prove practically u&s;eful to you, if they have (at lea&s;t) endowed you with a love of &s;pecula|tion and knowledg, you will therein certainly meet with &s;omewhat that may gratifie your curio&s;ity. <HI>Farewell.</HI></P>
</DIV1>
<DIV1 TYPE="lists">
<PB REF="5">
<HEAD>A Table of the Mediators, Ple|nipotentiaries, Amba&s;&s;adors and Envoys, mentioned in this Hi|&s;tory.</HEAD>
<DIV2 TYPE="list of mediators">
<HEAD>MEDIATORS.</HEAD>
<LIST>
<HEAD>On the Popes part.</HEAD>
<ITEM><HI>SEignior Bevilaqua.</HI></ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<HEAD>On the King of <HI>Great Britain</HI>'s part.</HEAD>
<ITEM>My Lord <HI>John Berkley.</HI></ITEM>
<ITEM><HI>Laurence Hyde.</HI></ITEM>
<ITEM>Sir <HI>William Temple.</HI></ITEM>
<ITEM>Sir <HI>Lionel Jenkins.</HI></ITEM>
</LIST>
</DIV2>
<DIV2 TYPE="list of ambassadors">
<HEAD>AMBASSADORS.</HEAD>
<LIST>
<HEAD>For the Emperor.</HEAD>
<ITEM>The Bi&s;hop of <HI>Gurck.</HI></ITEM>
<ITEM>The Count of <HI>Kinski.</HI></ITEM>
<ITEM>Mr. <HI>Stratman.</HI></ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<HEAD>For <HI>France.</HI></HEAD>
<ITEM>The Mare&s;hal <HI>D'E&s;trades.</HI></ITEM>
<ITEM>Mon&s;ieur <HI>Colbert.</HI></ITEM>
<ITEM>The Count <HI>D'Avaux.</HI></ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<PB REF="5">
<HEAD>For <HI>Spain.</HI></HEAD>
<ITEM>The Marque&s;s <HI>de los Balba&s;es.</HI></ITEM>
<ITEM>The Marque&s;s <HI>de la Fuente.</HI></ITEM>
<ITEM><HI>Don Pedro Ronquillo.</HI></ITEM>
<ITEM>Mr. <HI>Chri&s;tin.</HI></ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<HEAD>For <HI>Sueden.</HI></HEAD>
<ITEM>The Count of <HI>Oxen&s;tiern.</HI></ITEM>
<ITEM>Mr. <HI>D'Oliver Krantz.</HI></ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<HEAD>For <HI>Denmark.</HI></HEAD>
<ITEM>Count <HI>Anthony of Oldembourg.</HI></ITEM>
<ITEM>Mr. <HI>Heugh.</HI></ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<HEAD>For the <HI>States-General.</HI></HEAD>
<ITEM>The Heer <HI>Beverning.</HI></ITEM>
<ITEM>The Heer <HI>Odyke.</HI></ITEM>
<ITEM>The Heer <HI>Haren.</HI></ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<HEAD>For the Elector of <HI>Brandenburgh.</HI></HEAD>
<ITEM>Mr. <HI>De Somnitz.</HI></ITEM>
<ITEM>Mr. <HI>De Bla&s;piel.</HI></ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<HEAD>Plenipotentiary Envoys.</HEAD>
<ITEM>For the King of <HI>Denmark.</HI>
<LIST>
<ITEM>Mr. <HI>de Meyerkron.</HI></ITEM>
<ITEM>Mr. <HI>Petkum.</HI></ITEM>
</LIST></ITEM>
<ITEM>For the <HI>States-General.</HI>
<LIST>
<ITEM>The Heer <HI>Boreel.</HI></ITEM>
</LIST></ITEM>
<ITEM>For the Elector of <HI>Brandenburgh.</HI>
<LIST>
<ITEM>Mr. <HI>Meinders.</HI></ITEM>
</LIST></ITEM>
<ITEM>For the Duke of <HI>Savoy.</HI>
<LIST>
<ITEM>The Count of <HI>Provana.</HI></ITEM>
</LIST></ITEM>
<ITEM>For the Duke of <HI>Lorrain.</HI>
<LIST>
<ITEM>The Pre&s;ident Canon.</ITEM>
</LIST></ITEM>
<PB REF="6">
<ITEM>For the Bi&s;hop of <HI>O&s;nabrug.</HI>
<LIST>
<ITEM>The Baron of <HI>Platen.</HI></ITEM>
</LIST></ITEM>
<ITEM>For the Duke of <HI>Zell</HI> and the Princes of <HI>Brun&s;wick.</HI>
<LIST>
<ITEM>Mr. <HI>Muller.</HI></ITEM>
<ITEM>Mr. <HI>Schutz.</HI></ITEM>
</LIST></ITEM>
<ITEM>For the Bi&s;hop of <HI>Mun&s;ter.</HI>
<LIST>
<ITEM>Mr. <HI>Termeulen.</HI></ITEM>
</LIST></ITEM>
<ITEM>For the Bi&s;hop of <HI>Strasbourg.</HI>
<LIST>
<ITEM>Mr. <HI>Duker.</HI></ITEM>
</LIST></ITEM>
<ITEM>For the Duke of <HI>Hol&s;tein Gottorp.</HI>
<LIST>
<ITEM>Mr. <HI>&V;lkers.</HI></ITEM>
<ITEM>Mr. <HI>Wetterkorp.</HI></ITEM>
</LIST></ITEM>
<ITEM>For the Elector of <HI>Mayence</HI> and <HI>Treves.</HI>
<LIST>
<ITEM>The Baron of <HI>Leyen.</HI></ITEM>
</LIST></ITEM>
<ITEM>For the Prince and Chapter of <HI>Liege.</HI>
<LIST>
<ITEM>Mr. <HI>Charneux.</HI></ITEM>
<ITEM>Mr. <HI>Vanderveck.</HI></ITEM>
</LIST></ITEM>
<ITEM>For the Elector <HI>Palatine.</HI>
<LIST>
<ITEM>Mr. <HI>Spanheim.</HI></ITEM>
</LIST></ITEM>
<ITEM>For the Duke <HI>de la Tremouille.</HI>
<LIST>
<ITEM>Mr. <HI>Sanguimere.</HI></ITEM>
</LIST></ITEM>
<ITEM>For the Mare&s;hal of <HI>Luxembourg.</HI>
<LIST>
<ITEM>Mr. <HI>De Villewrat.</HI></ITEM>
</LIST></ITEM>
</LIST>
</DIV2>
</DIV1>
</FRONT>
<BODY>
<DIV1 TYPE="text">
<PB N="1" REF="6">
<HEAD>THE HISTORY OF THE TREATY AT Nimueguen.</HEAD>
<P>_THE Treaty begun at <HI>Cologn</HI> in the year 1673 under the Mediation of <HI>Suedeland,</HI> gave hopes that a general Pe<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">ce would &s;peedily put an end to the War that ra|ged then in <HI>Europe,</HI> when the &s;eizure of Prince <HI>William</HI> of <HI>Fur&s;tem|burg,</HI> and Forty thou&s;and Crowns taken out of the Waggons of the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;|&s;adors
<PB N="2" REF="7">in a Neutral City, di&s;compo&s;ed af|fairs in &s;uch a manner that the Negotiation &s;o happily begun was quite broken off.</P>
<P>The violence committed on this Prince by the Emperors Mini&s;ters, and the injury done to the <HI>French</HI> King, gave ground to many to fear, that Peace would not &s;udden|ly be re&s;tored again to <HI>Europe;</HI> and that his Maje&s;ty would never con&s;ent to the renew|ing of the Treaty, unle&s;s reparations were made for tho&s;e two injuries. Neverthele&s;s at the in&s;tance of the King of <HI>England,</HI> (who&s;e Mediation was generally embraced by all the Princes concerned in that War) and at the &s;olicitation of the Bi&s;hop of <HI>Strasbourg,</HI> who publickly declared, That he preferred the advantages of Peace be|fore the liberty of his own Brother; The King made the rea&s;ons of glory and inte|re&s;t &s;toop to the inclination which he had of contributing to the Peace of <HI>Europe.</HI> And <HI>Nimueguen</HI> being pitched upon as the place of Treaty, his Maje&s;ty re&s;olved in|&s;tantly to &s;end thither his Amba&s;&s;adors Ple|nipotentiaries; and therefore on the 17 of <HI>Febr.</HI> 1675, named for that effect, the Duke of <HI>Vitry,</HI> Mon&s;ieur <HI>Colbert,</HI> and the Count <HI>D' Avaux.</HI></P>
<P>Seeing all the allied Princes appeared not at fir&s;t to be of the &s;ame di&s;po&s;ition as
<PB N="3" REF="7">to Peace, there was no advance made to|wards the forming of the A&s;&s;embly at <HI>Ni|mueguen</HI> until the month of <HI>November,</HI> that the King of <HI>Great Britain</HI> di&s;po&s;ed all the Intere&s;t-powers to &s;end with all expedition their Amba&s;&s;adors to <HI>Nimueguen.</HI></P>
<P>The <HI>French</HI> King was the fir&s;t, and gave order to his Plenipotentiaries before the end of <HI>December,</HI> to &s;et out for the place of Conference; his Maje&s;ty having allowed them but eight days to provide their Equi|page. Accordingly on the 28 of <HI>December,</HI> Mon&s;ieur <HI>Colbert,</HI> and the Count <HI>D' Avaux</HI> parted from <HI>Paris,</HI> not &s;taying for the Duke of <HI>Vitry,</HI> who&s;e &s;ickne&s;s would not permit him to undertake a journey in the &s;everity of the Winter-&s;ea&s;on.</P>
<P>On the third of <HI>January</HI> they came to <HI>Charleville,</HI> hoping there to find Pa&s;&s;ports from all tho&s;e Princes that were concerned to give them, and e&s;pecially from <HI>Spain</HI> and <HI>Holland,</HI> that they might come down to <HI>Nimueguen</HI> on the <HI>Meu&s;e;</HI> but the Pa&s;&s;|ports were not in &s;uch readine&s;s as they were made believe; &s;o that one in <HI>Charle|ville</HI> foretold the Count <HI>D' Avaux,</HI> That his &s;tay in that Town &s;hould be as long as that of the late Count <HI>D' Avaux</HI> his Uncle, who had waited there four months for his Pa&s;&s;|ports, when he went to <HI>Mun&s;ter</HI> in the cha|racter
<PB N="4" REF="8">of Amba&s;&s;ador Extraordinary, and Plenipotentiary for the <HI>French</HI> King, for the Treaty of the General Peace that was afterward concluded there.</P>
<P>The Amba&s;&s;adors after two months &s;tay, perceiving that the difficulties which were &s;tarted, &s;ometimes about the reciprocal li|berty of &s;ending me&s;&s;engers from <HI>Nimue|guen</HI> upon their own &s;ingle Pa&s;&s;ports, and &s;ometimes about the quality of Prince <HI>Charles,</HI> who demanded of the <HI>French</HI> King the Titles of Brother and Duke of <HI>Lor|rain,</HI> might &s;till detain them long at <HI>Char|leville,</HI> they re&s;olved to cau&s;e their Goods which were already Embarqued, to be brought a&s;hore again, and to wait for their Pa&s;&s;ports in that Town, which came at length on the fourth of <HI>June,</HI> bearing date the la&s;t of <HI>December</HI> in the foregoing year, with an order of Court immediately to &s;et forward; accordingly they Embarked on the &s;eventh of <HI>June.</HI></P>
<P>The &s;ickne&s;s of the Duke of <HI>Vitry</HI> &s;till continued, and was thought de&s;perate, which obliged the King to nominate in his place the <HI>Mare&s;chal d' E&s;trade,</HI> who was vi|&s;ited by his Colleagues in their pa&s;&s;age at <HI>Mae&s;tricht;</HI> and having &s;taid there only a day, on Sunday the 13 of <HI>June</HI> about one of the Clock aft<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="3 letters"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">n they came to <HI>Moock</HI>
<PB N="5" REF="8">two Leagues from <HI>Nimueguen;</HI> where ha|ving in&s;tantly put a&s;hore their Coaches, and mo&s;t part of their Equipage, they &s;et for|ward, and came to <HI>Nimueguen</HI> about five of the Clock at night.</P>
<P>Though the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors were <HI>incognito,</HI> and without Train, having left al|mo&s;t all their &s;ervants in the Boats with the re&s;t of their Goods, which did not arrive till next day; yet it may be &s;aid that they made a publick entry, by rea&s;on of the great concour&s;e of people who out of curio&s;ity and impatience to &s;ee the &s;o much wi&s;ht-for Amba&s;&s;adors, flocked out of the Town, up|on the Ramparts, into the &s;treets and win|dows. The va&s;t number of Waggons laden with packs of Goods that came after, and filled the whole &s;treet from the gate of the Town to the Amba&s;&s;adors hou&s;es, gave ground of admiration to that people, who had never &s;een the like before.</P>
<P>The people &s;eeing this, and being per&s;wa|ded of the grandeur of <HI>France,</HI> believed that the Amba&s;&s;adors had brought with them things of va&s;t value and richne&s;s; &s;o that their hou&s;es were pre&s;ently filled with tho&s;e of the Town that crouded thither to &s;ee them; and they were not only looked upon as &s;ure pledges of Peace, but al&s;o as a probable cau&s;e of the wealth of the Town.
<PB N="6" REF="9">All the people being fal&s;ly per&s;waded that the <HI>French</HI> were only to be blamed for the delay of the Treaty; but now &s;eeing they were come, they concluded that in a &s;hort time <HI>Nimueguen</HI> was to be the Theater on which the greatne&s;s and magnificence of <HI>Europe</HI> was to appear. Neverthele&s;s matters advanced not &s;o fa&s;t as people had imagin|ed; for as yet there were none at <HI>Nimue|guen</HI> but Sir <HI>Lionel Jenkins,</HI> one of the three Plenipotentiary Mediators from <HI>England,</HI> and the <HI>Heers Beverning</HI> and <HI>Haren,</HI> Amba&s;|&s;adors Plenipotentiary from the States Ge|neral of the <HI>&V;nited Provinces.</HI></P>
<P>The <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors &s;ent immedia|ly to acquaint my Lord Amba&s;&s;ador <HI>Jen|kins</HI> with their arrival, who rendered them the Complement, and gave them next day a vi&s;it in a Coach with &s;ix Hor&s;es. The <HI>Dutch</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors did the like; and the <HI>French</HI> rendered the Vi&s;its, &s;o &s;oon as their Train and Equipage were in a condition to appear abroad.</P>
<P>The <HI>Mare&s;hal d' E&s;trades</HI> had orders with all expedition to part from <HI>Mae&s;tricht;</HI> and though his Train and Equipage were not as yet in readine&s;s, yet he arrived at <HI>Nimueguen</HI> the 28 of <HI>June,</HI> whither Sir <HI>William Temple,</HI> another of the Mediators from <HI>England</HI> came &s;hortly after with my Lady <HI>Gifford</HI>
<PB N="7" REF="9">his Si&s;ter; my Lady <HI>Temple</HI> not coming till two months after.</P>
<P>My Lord Amba&s;&s;ador <HI>Temple</HI> is a per&s;on of much learning, &s;ingular in his ways and opinions. Some judged him partial in the Mediation, and &s;omewhat unequal in his humour; he is neverthele&s;s a per&s;on of great abilities, and well acquainted with the Republican principles, as appears by the re|marks he hath written upon the State of the <HI>&V;nited Provinces.</HI> His Colleague Sir <HI>Lionel Jenkins</HI> is a civil well-bred Gentle|man, of great integrity, and firm to his Re|ligion; a per&s;on endued with much know|ledg, who always &s;hewed him&s;elf to be good Mediator. The&s;e Amba&s;&s;adors had a<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter"> 100 <HI>l. &s;terling</HI> a week, be&s;ides an hundred and fifty pounds given them for providing their Equipage, with Furniture for the Chamber of Audience, and a &s;ervice of the Royal Plate, according to the cu&s;tom of <HI>England.</HI></P>
<P>The report that came abroad at that time, that the Prince of <HI>Orange</HI> intended to be&s;iege <HI>Mae&s;tricht,</HI> &s;eemed as unprobable, as the enterprize was dangerous; notwith|&s;tanding the <HI>Hollanders</HI> flattered them&s;elves with the hopes of carrying that place in a fortnights time; and it &s;eemed they only waited for the departure of the <HI>Mare&s;hal
<PB N="8" REF="10">d' E&s;trades,</HI> that they might accompli&s;h their de&s;igns; but the conclu&s;ion of that &s;iege was much to the advantage of the <HI>French,</HI> who that year &s;ucceeded in every thing al|mo&s;t that they undertook either by Sea or Land.</P>
<P>The King in four days took <HI>Cond<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">,</HI> and on the 25 of <HI>April</HI> obliged it to render on di&s;cretion. After five days &s;iege the Duke of <HI>Orleans</HI> carried <HI>Bouchain</HI> on the 12 of <HI>May,</HI> in &s;ight of the &s;tronge&s;t Army that the Confederates ever had in the <HI>Low-Coun|tries,</HI> under the command of the Prince of <HI>Orange,</HI> who thought it not fit to hazard a Battel with the Kings Army that lay with|in Canon-&s;hot of him.</P>
<P><HI>Aire</HI> on the la&s;t of <HI>July</HI> &s;uffered the &s;ame fate. The King laid the de&s;ign, and the Marque&s;s of <HI>Louvois</HI> in the command of the <HI>Mare&s;hal d' Humieres</HI> put it in executi|on. The Fort of <HI>Linck</HI> was taken the 9th. of <HI>Augu&s;t.</HI> The <HI>Mare&s;hal</HI> Duke of <HI>Vivonne</HI> was very &s;ucce&s;sful in his Fights on the <HI>Si|cilian</HI> Seas, and in the Port of <HI>Palermo</HI> b<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">rnt part of the <HI>Spani&s;h</HI> and <HI>Dutch</HI> Fleet. The death of <HI>de Ruyter</HI> that happened a lit|tle before by a great &s;hot that he received on board his own Ship, in an engagement again&s;t the <HI>French,</HI> was an irreparable lo&s;s to the <HI>Dutch,</HI> who never had an Admiral of &s;o much merit and reputation.</P>
<PB N="9" REF="10">
<P>In the mean while it was ea&s;ie to be judg|ed by what began to appear, that if the Prince of <HI>Orange</HI> had taken <HI>Mae&s;tricht,</HI> there was no hopes of finding the <HI>Dutch</HI> any ways inclinable to accommodation; but an event &s;o contrary to their expectation, and the ruin of a great part of their Army, of which mo&s;t of the re&s;idue was &s;een to march by <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> dejected them extream|ly, and made them think of other mea|&s;ures.</P>
<P>The fir&s;t thing that began to be talked of, was the Neutrality of the Country about <HI>Nimueguen.</HI> The Mediators at the &s;olicita|tion of the <HI>Dutch,</HI> de&s;ired that the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors would extend the limits a lit|tle further. And as that conce&s;&s;ion of Neu|trality carried with it al&s;o an exemption from contributions, under which the Gar|ri&s;on of <HI>Mae&s;tricht</HI> put all the Count, <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 word"> to the Gates of <HI>Nimueguen;</HI> and that <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 word"> <HI>&s;ieur Calvo</HI> &s;ome Months before in <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 word"> Contributions in the <HI>Maa&s;wal,</HI> had&punc; <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 word"> and pu<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter"> the <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="3 letters">ple in fear, even to <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 word"> heart <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 span"> the Amba&s;&s;ado <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 word"> <HI>State<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter"></HI> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 span"> de&s;i<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">ed a<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="3 letters">|ment <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 span"> ler<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 span"></P>
<PB N="10" REF="11">
<P>The <HI>French</HI> Court was very aver&s;e from granting &s;uch an extent of Neutrality, which would have freed their enemies from keeping of &s;trong Garri&s;ons in the Neigh|bouring places, to cover all that Country; and therefore that affair lay long unde|cided.</P>
<P>The plea&s;antne&s;s of the &s;ea&s;on invited the Amba&s;&s;adors in the mean time to take the air in their Coaches without the City; but the <HI>Dutch</HI> Mini&s;ters gave notice to the <HI>French,</HI> that &s;eeing there was no &s;ecurity for the Country again&s;t the attempts of the Garri&s;on of <HI>Mae&s;tricht,</HI> they would not an|&s;wer neither for what the Garri&s;on of <HI>Grave</HI> might do, being but two leagues di|&s;tant from <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> and on that &s;ide where the Country is only plea&s;ant for <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 word"> and taking the air. The <HI>French</HI> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="6 letters">adors therefore prohibited their &s;er|<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 word"> &s;trag<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">le out of the Town; though <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 word"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">em&s;e<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="3 letters"> did not forbear to go <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 word"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters">ll together in company being at|<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="3 letters"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 word"> a great numb<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 word"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters">vants <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 word"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="3 letters">ck. <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 span"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 span"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="3 letters">e it&punc; <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 span"> the <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 span">
<PB N="11" REF="11">Mediators to view tho&s;e places that might &s;erve for limits; but finding that there be|longed only three Villages to the Juri&s;di|ction of <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> of which the mo&s;t re|mote was but a little league from the place, they cau&s;ed a draught to be made of all that was contained within the circuit of that extent, which being &s;ent to the King, he con&s;ented to it as the Amba&s;&s;adors had propo&s;ed.</P>
<P>A Coun&s;ellor of the Town, and a <HI>French</HI> Gentleman named by the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;a|dors, were pitched upon, to mark out the places, on which were planted the limits of Neutrality, the whole extent whereof made a kind of a demi-oval along the <HI>Waal,</HI> com|prehending nine Pari&s;hes with their depen|dencies. Neverthele&s;s there remained betwixt the <HI>Meu&s;e</HI> and the <HI>Waal</HI> above a league of ground, which afforded a free pa&s;&s;age <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 word"> the parties that came from <HI>Mae&s;tricht,</HI> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 span"> and rai&s;e <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters">eir contributions in the C<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="4 letters"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="3 letters">|try of <HI>Maa&s;wal,</HI> which lyes betweenn <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 word"> <HI>Waal</HI> and th<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter"> <HI>Meu&s;e.</HI></P>
<P>The <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;ador<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 word"> the <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 word"> of <HI>September</HI> had <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 word"> to the Table of Sir <HI>Lionel Jenkins;</HI> and had &s;ince that made u&s;e of the Table of Sir <HI>William Temple</HI> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">ut &s;ee|ing about the end of <HI>October,</HI> Sir <HI>William</HI> declared that he would go to no mans Ta|ble
<PB N="12" REF="12">but his own, whether that as Mediator he would thereby affect to appear imparti|al, though that cu&s;tom which was ob&s;erved at the Treaty of <HI>Cologn,</HI> had in it nothing that &s;eemed contrary to the Mediation; or rather that he would avoid the hurry and expence thereof; that manner of living which was begun with much &s;atisfaction, was thereby interrupted, and the Amba&s;&s;a|dors met only afterward at the Lodgings of the Amba&s;&s;adors Ladies, where company u&s;ually came.</P>
<P>The Count of <HI>Oxen&s;tierne,</HI> and Mon&s;ieur <HI>Oliver Krantz</HI> the Plenipotentiary Amba&s;|&s;adors of <HI>Sweden,</HI> arrived at that time at <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> and gave the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;a|dors notice of their arrival, who went the &s;ame day to vi&s;it them &s;eparately at their Hou&s;e, in a Coach with &s;ix Hor&s;es; but tho&s;e Amba&s;&s;adors were not as yet in a con|dition to render their Vi&s;its with the &s;ame <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">eremony.</P>
<P>The Count of <HI>Oxen&s;tierne</HI> i<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter"> a per&s;on ho<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters"> a&s;pect an&s;<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">vers his birth; he is mag|<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="3 letters">t, <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 word"> the too great expence he put him&s;elf t<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">as the cau&s;e that his hou&s;e was not always well regulated. His indif|ferent way of carriage, joined to a natural gravity, made many to judg him vain-glo|rious. His Colleague is a man of learning,
<PB N="13" REF="12">who writes well in <HI>Latin</HI> and <HI>French;</HI> he hath the reputation to be a man fit for bu|&s;ine&s;s; he &s;peaks neatly, and loves a retired life. His Train was very neat, and he had fifty Crowns a day from the King his Ma|&s;ter; but the Count of <HI>Oxen&s;tierne</HI> had a hundred.</P>
<P>The <HI>Imperiali&s;ts</HI> and <HI>Spaniards</HI> were not ob&s;erved as yet to make any ha&s;t in coming to <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> notwith&s;tanding the King of <HI>England</HI> urged them to it by his Mini&s;ters. <HI>Philipsbourg,</HI> which for want of Ammuniti|on was &s;urrendered in <HI>September,</HI> after it had held out a &s;iege from the beginning of <HI>June,</HI> made them hope that the forces of <HI>Germany</HI> would gain con&s;iderable advan|tages upon the <HI>French;</HI> but the Amba&s;&s;a|dors of that Crown about the end of <HI>Sep|tember</HI> received orders from the King to make known to the Mediators, that his Ma|je&s;ty having by &s;o many advances &s;hewed his forwardne&s;s to procure a Peace, he in|tended to recall them, unle&s;s the Amba&s;&s;a|dors of the chief Confederate Princes did within a month repair to <HI>Nimueguen</HI> the place of Treaty.</P>
<P>This declaration having been communi|cated to the Amba&s;&s;adors of the <HI>States-Ge|neral,</HI> they gave notice of it to their Ma|&s;ters. Their an&s;wer was, That if at or be|fore
<PB N="14" REF="13">the fir&s;t of <HI>November</HI> en&s;uing the Mi|ni&s;ters of the Confederates did not repair to <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> they would begin to treat &s;eparately for them&s;elves. But that time be|ing elap&s;ed, they de&s;ired two days longer, according to the old &s;tile which is ob&s;erved in <HI>Guelderland,</HI> and &s;everal Provinces of <HI>Germany,</HI> well knowing that the expirati|on of that term did not draw them into any engagement; for if the <HI>Confederates</HI> made longer delay, they could on all ha|zards in the reciprocal communication of their Commi&s;&s;ions, &s;tart difficulties, and find out means to &s;pin out the time as they did, without falling upon bu&s;ine&s;s, until the a&s;&s;embly was compleat.</P>
<P>Mon&s;ieur <HI>Hoegh</HI> the &s;econd Plenipoten|tiary from <HI>Denmark,</HI> arrived at that time, with his Lady, at <HI>Nimueguen.</HI> He is a hand|&s;ome Gentleman of a good Family, who ro&s;e to that dignity by his good di&s;charge of the &s;everal employments he hath enjoyed. He had his Lodgings in a hou&s;e that was provided for him near the hou&s;es of the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors, becau&s;e that being the highe&s;t place of the Town was the plea|&s;ante&s;t al&s;o for the accommodation of &s;tran|gers. So &s;oon as he had given notice of his arrival, he was vi&s;ited by the Mediators, the Amba&s;&s;adors of <HI>France,</HI> and &s;o by all the
<PB N="15" REF="13">re&s;t in Coaches of &s;ix Hor&s;es, according to the Ceremony. He had of his Ma&s;ter about five hundred pounds a month, which he &s;pent nobly like one that under&s;tood the world.</P>
<P>About the middle of <HI>November</HI> my Lord <HI>Barclay</HI> the chief of the Mediators, who came from being Amba&s;&s;ador Extraordina|ry for <HI>England</HI> in <HI>France,</HI> arrived with his Lady at <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> and after &s;ome days be|ing there <HI>incognito</HI> gave notice of his arri|val; he was vi&s;ited by the other Mediators, and immediately after by the three <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors &s;ucce&s;&s;ively, with two Coaches of &s;ix Hor&s;es apiece.</P>
<P>The Count of <HI>Oxen&s;tierne,</HI> who with ur|gency demanded audience of my Lord <HI>Barclay,</HI> that he might not as it was belie|ved, be prevented by the Amba&s;&s;ador of <HI>Denmark,</HI> obtained it at three quarters after three; this was to be ju&s;t after the audience of the Count <HI>d' Avaux,</HI> who that he might lo&s;e no time, had &s;ervants abroad in the &s;treets to acquaint him immediately when Mon&s;ieur <HI>Colbert</HI> &s;hould come out from his Audience; &s;o that he went to it punctually at half an hour after three. But hardly was he entered, when my Lord <HI>Bar|clay</HI> had notice, that the Count of <HI>Oxen|&s;tierne</HI> was below in the Court. He bid an|&s;wer
<PB N="16" REF="14">him that he was with the Count <HI>d' Avaux,</HI> and that the Count of <HI>Oxen|&s;tierne</HI> was not to have his audience till half an hour after that.</P>
<P>The Amba&s;&s;ador of <HI>Suedeland</HI> who &s;aw no body come to receive him at the foot of the &s;tair, cau&s;ed his Coachman to drive out gain, without &s;taying for the an&s;wer. That action &s;uffered various con&s;tructions; for it was alledged that he could not be igno|rant but that the Count <HI>d' Avaux</HI> was at his audience. The way to the Lodgings of my Lord <HI>Barclay</HI> was by his back-gate, where &s;ome of his &s;ervants were ob&s;erved to be in the &s;treets, and it was not then, but exactly half an hour after three; that if he had been ignorant of it, and had had no other de&s;ign, in that ca&s;e he might have come back, having fir&s;t made a &s;hort turn in ex|pectation of the Count <HI>d' Avaux</HI> coming out; or if he pretended that his vi&s;it was actually performed, as he did afterwards, he ought to have &s;ent his Colleague to Au|dience immediately after the Count <HI>d' Avaux.</HI></P>
<P>Whatever the matter was, whether ig|norance, or a laid de&s;ign, as many did per|&s;wade them&s;elves it was, though they could not conceive the policy of that enterpri&s;e, the bu&s;ine&s;s was taken up by the Mediation
<PB N="17" REF="14">of the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors. The Vi&s;it was held to be performed, and yet my Lord <HI>Barclay</HI> never render'd it, nor &s;aw the Count of <HI>Oxen&s;tern,</HI> but accidentally, as it were, at Madam <HI>Colberts</HI> Lodgings.</P>
<P>The unexpected Peace concluded be|tween <HI>Poland</HI> and the <HI>Turk,</HI> the advanta|ges that the King of <HI>Sueden</HI> began to gain upon the <HI>Danes</HI> in <HI>Schonen,</HI> by the taking of <HI>El&s;inbourg,</HI> and the Succors put into <HI>Malmoe,</HI> the vigorous re&s;i&s;tance of the Town of <HI>Stetin,</HI> from before which the E|lector of <HI>Brandenbourg</HI> was at that time forced to rai&s;e the &s;iege; all that, I &s;ay, and be&s;ides the progre&s;s of the <HI>French</HI> Arms in <HI>Sicily,</HI> made it believed that the Confede|rates would at length appear more tractable than hitherto they had been.</P>
<P>In the mean time the Count of <HI>Kin&s;di,</HI> the &s;econd of the Emperors Amba&s;&s;adors, continued &s;till at <HI>Cologne,</HI> detained, as it was &s;aid, by the Gout; and <HI>Don Pedro de Ronquillo,</HI> the &s;econd Amba&s;&s;ador from <HI>Spain,</HI> coming from <HI>England,</HI> where he had been but Envoy Extraordinary, &s;tayed &s;till at the <HI>Hague,</HI> expecting the re&s;t of his E|quipage from <HI>England:</HI> but being at length arrived at <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> he continued long <HI>incognito,</HI> becau&s;e having no other chara|cter but that of Plenipotentiary, the <HI>French</HI>
<PB N="18" REF="15">Amba&s;&s;adors refu&s;ed to give him the hand.</P>
<P>Mon&s;ieur <HI>Somnitz</HI> and <HI>Bla&s;piel,</HI> the Am|ba&s;&s;adors of the Elector of <HI>Brandenbourg,</HI> who had been &s;ometime at <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> on the 29. of <HI>December</HI> gave notice of their arrival. The <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors con&s;ult|ed together, and afterwards with the Me|diators, becau&s;e contrary to what was pra|cti&s;ed at <HI>Mun&s;ter,</HI> both the Plenipotentia|ries of <HI>Brandenbourg</HI> demanded the hand and title of Excellence. But the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors would not give it, but to him that was fir&s;t named in the Commi&s;&s;ion; and upon occa&s;ion of that difficulty, vi&s;ited them not.</P>
<P>The <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Mediators made their vi&s;it, but with a re&s;olution not to give the title of <HI>Excellence</HI> &s;ave only to Mr. <HI>Somnitz,</HI> nor to demand audience of Mr. <HI>Bla&s;piel.</HI> How|ever being both lodged in the &s;ame hou&s;e, the &s;econd failed not to be at the audience; and the fir&s;t perceiving that the Mediators addre&s;&s;ed their di&s;cour&s;e only to him, &s;hew|ed them his Colleague, giving him the title of <HI>Excellence.</HI> But they an&s;wered, that their vi&s;it was only to him. The Amba&s;&s;ador of <HI>Denmark</HI> &s;tuck not at the&s;e formalities, ha|ving to do with the Mini&s;ters of one of the chief of his Ma&s;ters Allies. But the
<PB N="19" REF="15"><HI>Suedi&s;h</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors followed the example of the <HI>French:</HI> So that the Elector of <HI>Brandenbourgs</HI> Mini&s;ters found them&s;elves far enough from being able to e&s;tabli&s;h their preten&s;ion at <HI>Nimueguen.</HI></P>
<P>The States General, who payed great Sub&s;idies to the Princes that were confede|rate with them, began at that time to think of retrenching that great expence; and they thought they had the greater rea&s;on, that they needle&s;ly drained their Trea&s;ury by the charge of a War, which was now become wholly that of their Confederates, unto which they ought to have no greater concern, than in a publick and common a&s;&s;ault.</P>
<P>What glory &s;oever redounded to the States General, in that they could reckon among their Pen&s;ioners, the Emperor, King of <HI>Spain,</HI> King of <HI>Denmark,</HI> all the Ele|ctors almo&s;t, the Princes of <HI>Brun&s;wick,</HI> the Duke of <HI>Newbourg,</HI> and the Bi&s;hop of <HI>Mun&s;ter;</HI> yet that hindered them not from acquainting them with the inability they lay under to continue tho&s;e great Sub&s;i|dies, excepting only the Duke of <HI>New|bourg,</HI> in con&s;ideration of the new Alli|ance that he had made with them, and the Bi&s;hop of <HI>Mun&s;ter,</HI> of who&s;e humour and Neighbourhood the States General have
<PB N="20" REF="16">been always apprehen&s;ive. They did not as yet cut off tho&s;e &s;ub&s;idies; but the <HI>Dutch</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors declared to the Mini|&s;ters of their Allies, that they would pay none for the en&s;uing Campagn, unle&s;s they put the <HI>French</HI> in the wrong; that is, if they made it not appear by their refu&s;al of rea&s;onable propo&s;itions, that if the peace were not concluded, the <HI>French</HI> were only to be blamed for it.</P>
<P>By this means the <HI>Dutch</HI> &s;topt their Con|federates mouths, they obliged them to ha&s;ten the opening of the Conferences, to which no &s;tep had hitherto been made; and put them&s;elves in right of complaining of tho&s;e who for their own private intere&s;ts de&s;ired not to &s;ee the War &s;o &s;oon put to an end; and therefore they thought it not enough to &s;peak of cutting off the Sub&s;i|dies, but began al&s;o to hint at a &s;eparate and particular Treaty, in &s;uch a manner that the Confederates took the allarm the more ea&s;ily, in that the exce&s;&s;ive charges the States General had been at during this War, had been exceeding burden&s;ome to all the Provinces.</P>
<P>The Count of <HI>Kinski</HI> arrived at length at <HI>Nimueguen</HI> the third of <HI>January</HI> 1677. He is a <HI>Bohemean</HI> Gentleman, never before em|ployed in any Emba&s;&s;ie; and therefore all
<PB N="21" REF="16">his actings were in the beginning full of dif|ficulties and diffidence; but it appeared af|terward that he had more &s;incere intentions for peace than his Colleagues had, with whom he cla&s;hed &s;o as not to be reconciled again. He is a valetudnary man, and melan|cholick, but of great merit and &s;agacity. He had two thou&s;and <HI>German</HI> Florins a month, which make about three hundred and thirty pounds <HI>Engli&s;h.</HI></P>
<P><HI>Don Pedro de Ronquillo</HI> remained <HI>incog|nito</HI> above a month; and neither he nor the other Mini&s;ters of the Confederates &s;eem|ed to act with the &s;ame frankne&s;s and &s;in|cerity the <HI>French</HI> did, even in the opinion of my Lord Amba&s;&s;ador <HI>Temple,</HI> who con|fe&s;&s;ed that it was not to be doubted but that the <HI>French</HI> inclined to peace, and that they were like tho&s;e Game&s;ters who having won con&s;iderably, were willing to leave play if the lo&s;ers obliged them not to continue.</P>
<P>In the mean time tho&s;e who examined without pa&s;&s;ion the pre&s;ent &s;tate of af|fairs, and the intere&s;ts of mo&s;t part of the Princes engaged in the War, wonder'd that they would continue it with &s;o great di&s;|advantage, upon hopes that were not too firmly grounded. <HI>Holland</HI> had nothing to gain, and lo&s;t much by the exce&s;&s;ive char|ges of the War. The Emperor &s;aw him&s;elf
<PB N="22" REF="17">rai&s;ed to the real height of his greatne&s;s by the &s;etling his Authority throughout the whole Empire; but had hardly any means left of procuring Winter-quarters for the Impetial Troops; and mo&s;t of the Princes of <HI>Germany</HI> were &s;o tired out and incom|moded by the War, that it was to be feared his Imperial Maje&s;ty might find him&s;elf a|bandoned in time of need. The King of <HI>Spain</HI> had almo&s;t all the Powers of <HI>Europe</HI> joyned in his Intere&s;ts, and could never promi&s;e him&s;elf &s;uch a&s;&s;i&s;tance in any other juncture; but what advantage had he from that, &s;eeing notwith&s;tanding the <HI>French</HI> took the be&s;t places of the <HI>Low Countreys? Cambray</HI> and <HI>Valenciennes</HI> were at that time &s;o &s;traitly blocked up, that it was not doubted but one of tho&s;e places would be lo&s;t before the beginning of the Campagn. None but the Northern Confederates were inclined to the continuation of the War, through the de&s;ire of pre&s;erving, and even enlarging the Conque&s;ts they had made upon <HI>Sueden.</HI> But a Victory obtained by the King of <HI>Sueden</HI> in <HI>Schonen,</HI> made it hopeful that the <HI>Suedes</HI> renewing their cou|rage under &s;o great a Prince, might &s;et their affairs to rights again. Though the <HI>Spani|ards</HI> lo&s;t mo&s;t in this War, yet the Amba&s;|&s;adors of that Crown acted with greate&s;t
<PB N="23" REF="17">&s;lowne&s;s as to the advancement of the peace. The rea&s;on of their procedure in the man|ner, could be attributed to nothing but the u&s;ual irre&s;olution of the <HI>Spaniards;</HI> and yet it was not very ea&s;ie for them in the pre&s;ent juncture of affairs to determine them&s;elves. The removal of <HI>Valen&s;uela,</HI> the fir&s;t Mini&s;ter of State in that Court, and the return of <HI>Don John</HI> to <HI>Madrid,</HI> being &s;upported by all the Nobility of the King|dom again&s;t the Intere&s;ts of the Queen-Regent, made people fear &s;ome dangerous revolution; in&s;omuch that the <HI>Spaniards</HI> abandoned the fate of the <HI>Low Countreys</HI> to the protection of their Confederates. However it might have been &s;aid at that time, that a real Lethargy had &s;eized mens minds, and hindered them from applying them&s;elves with care to the means of re&s;to|ring a &s;olid peace.</P>
<P>In the mean time the <HI>French</HI> were not a|&s;leep: That King cau&s;ed a con&s;iderable bo|dy of men to march into <HI>Flanders</HI> in the depth of Winter. This &s;truck a terror in|t<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter"> the heart of the <HI>Low Countreys,</HI> and gave ground to fear, that his Maje&s;ty would next Campagn carry his Conque&s;ts far, if the Negotiations at <HI>Nimueguen</HI> did not put a greater &s;top to them, than the &s;trength of the Confederates was likely to do. But the
<PB N="24" REF="18">A&s;&s;embly was not as yet formed, neither were the preliminaries to the Peace as yet conde&s;cended on.</P>
<P>At that time the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors had notice given them, that the Count of <HI>Kinski</HI> received the vi&s;its of the Mini&s;ters of the Confederates, and were &s;urpri&s;ed at that manner of conduct, though it was gi|ven out, that they were but private vi&s;its among friends, upon occa&s;ion of the com|plements he made to them upon his arrival at <HI>Nimueguen.</HI> However the Mediators un|der&s;tood that complement to be a real no|tification of his arrival, becau&s;e that the King of <HI>England</HI> de&s;iring that the Amba&s;|&s;adors &s;hould make no publick entry into <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> for avoiding &s;everal accidents which &s;uch Ceremonies u&s;ually produce they ought not neither to give notice or their arrival twice; and therefore they &s;ent pre&s;ently to de&s;ire audience of him next day at two of the clock, for it was then ten of the clock at night. But when it was an&s;wered, That the Amba&s;&s;adors of <HI>Den|mark</HI> had pitched upon the &s;ame hour, th<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter"> Amba&s;&s;adors were &s;o &s;urpri&s;ed, that they would have ab&s;olutely refu&s;ed to vi&s;it him had they not been a&s;&s;ured that the vi&s;it o<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter"> that Amba&s;&s;ador was only to be private and without ceremony, the Count of <HI>Kinski</HI>
<PB N="25" REF="18">prote&s;ting that he had not given notice of his arrival to any who&s;oever. The Media|tors pretended that they had received no|tice, and fixed upon eleven in the morning, in&s;tead of two in the afternoon, to render their publick vi&s;it, which was received as &s;uch, and rendered accordingly.</P>
<P>The <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors de&s;ired to have a clear under&s;tanding as to the Emperors Amba&s;&s;ador his carriage in that particular; but after that the Mediators had taken much pains to adju&s;t the matter, the <HI>French</HI> found in the conduct of the Count of <HI>Kinski</HI> neither &s;incerity enough, nor &s;uffici|ent &s;ecurity, but that &s;ome Amba&s;&s;adors might therefrom draw advantages to the prejudice of that precedency which they pretended to be due to <HI>France.</HI> That Am|<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="6 letters">or was indeed willing to have given <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 span"> in writing di&s;owning the fir&s;t <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 span"> was made of his arriv<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">l, <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 span"> he &s;hould &s;o carry him|<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="4 letters"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 span"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters">ba&s;&s;adors of <HI>Fran<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">e</HI> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 span"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="3 letters">erthele&s;s, they fi<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters">|<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="3 letters"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 span"> &s;omewhat an <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 span"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">im, no more <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 span"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">f the Ele|<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="4 letters"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 span"></P>
<P><GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 span"> <HI>Kinski</HI> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 span"> begun, <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 span"> gave
<PB N="26" REF="19">gave notice of his arrival in the ordinary forms to all the Amba&s;&s;adors, excepting tho&s;e of <HI>France,</HI> who would not admit of it, and the Mediators who had already per|formed that ceremony; and he render'd his vi&s;its the la&s;t days of <HI>January,</HI> though he was not as yet provided but of two tra|velling Coaches, nor his &s;ervants of Li|veries.</P>
<P>About the &s;ame time Ma&s;ter <HI>Hide,</HI> Son to the Earl of <HI>Clarendon,</HI> &s;ometime Chancel|lor of <HI>England,</HI> came to <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> to a&s;|&s;i&s;t as the &s;econd of the four Mediators of his Maje&s;ty of <HI>Great Britain:</HI> A fortnight before, he pa&s;&s;ed through that Town upon his return from his extraordinary Emba&s;&s;ie in <HI>Poland;</HI> but in&s;tead of a Yacht which he expected at <HI>Rotterdam,</HI> to tran&s;port him to <HI>London,</HI> he there received Orders from the King <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">is Ma&s;ter to return to <HI>Ni<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="7 letters"></HI> wh<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters"> having given notice of <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 span"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 word"> was fir&s;t vi&s;ited by the th<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 span"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters">ff<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">dors with a &s;plend<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="3 letters"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 span"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 word"> all three in th<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 span"> <HI><GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 word"> d' E&s;trades,</HI> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 span"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 span"> other <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 span"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 word"> Train <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 span"></P>
<P>Th<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">&s;e <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 span"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="3 letters">+ture<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 span"> man<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="3 letters"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 span">
<PB N="27" REF="19">again&s;t the accidents which might happen on the like occa&s;ions. The Mar&s;hal <HI>D' E|&s;trades</HI> gave his Collegues the place in his Coach and at home, except when other Amba&s;&s;adors were pre&s;ent, and that the dig|nity of the Amba&s;&s;y obliged every one to keep his rank. And as for Letters and Di|&s;patches to Court, they &s;o ordered the matter, that each of them &s;hould &s;ucce&s;&s;ive|ly undertake it for one week, and all three together &s;ign them.</P>
<P>The King of <HI>England</HI> &s;ent Mr. <HI>Hide</HI> to the A&s;&s;embly at <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> for no other rea&s;on but that he might honour him with the Character of <HI>Plenipotentiary</HI> Amba&s;&s;a|dor, and have his name in&s;erted in the Trea|ty of Peace which was to follow upon tho&s;e new-begun overtures; for his Maje&s;ty of <HI>Great Britain</HI> had occa&s;ion to employ him el&s;ewhere.</P>
<P>About the end of the &s;ame month (<HI>Jan.</HI> 1676/7.) the Amba&s;&s;adors of the Confede|rates began to meet; and for that purpo&s;e they cho&s;e <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 word"> Apartment in the little Town-hall, which is contiguous to, and has pa&s;&s;a|ges into the great Hall. It is in that place where the Deputies of the Province of <HI>Gelderland</HI> for the Precincts of <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> do ordinarily meet.</P>
<PB N="28" REF="20">
<P><HI>Feb.</HI> 1676/7. The <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors had no &s;ooner notice of the&s;e proceedings of the Confederates, but they complained of them to the Amba&s;&s;adors of the States-General, alledging that in a Neutral Town equally common to all the Amba&s;&s;adors, &s;ome of them could not appropriate to them&s;elves a publick place to the prejudice of the re&s;t, without a breach of the Neu|trality. The <HI>Dutch</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors had good rea&s;on to chu&s;e a publick place for Con|ferences, well knowing that they would be managed with greater liberty there, than at the Hou&s;es of the Imperial Amba&s;&s;adors, who would have affected to be the Dicta|tors. In the mean time to content the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors, they gave them the choice of what place they plea&s;ed in the great Town-hall; whither they went to pitch upon the place which they found mo&s;t convenient to meet in when they thought fit; though they being by them|&s;elves, and having none to confer with but the Amba&s;&s;adors of <HI>Sueden,</HI> they needed no &s;uch Apartment; and it is probable that if the Mini&s;ters of the Confederates had fore&s;een that the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors &s;hould have di&s;po&s;ed of the Town-Hall, they would not have pitched upon the place which they had cho&s;en.</P>
<PB N="29" REF="20" MS="y">
<P>The mo&s;t remarkable pa&s;&s;age that hap|pened in the A&s;&s;embly of the Confede|rates was, that after the Count of <HI>Kinski,</HI> who as Amba&s;&s;ador from the Emperor had taken his place at the upper end of the Table, the Amba&s;&s;ador of <HI>Denmark</HI> con|tended with the <HI>Spani&s;h</HI> Amba&s;&s;ador for the next place on the right hand; in&s;omuch that <HI>Don Pedro de Ronquillo</HI> was forced to con&s;ent to have it only by turns; and for deciding which of the two &s;hould have it at their fir&s;t &s;itting, they behoved to ca&s;t lots for it, whereby it fell to the <HI>Dani&s;h</HI> Amba&s;&s;ador. The &s;ame difficulty aro&s;e be|twixt the Amba&s;&s;adors of the Elector of <HI>Brandenbourg,</HI> and tho&s;e of the <HI>States-Ge|neral,</HI> who although they were at home, yet would not yield it; in&s;omuch that this dif|ference was determined in the &s;ame manner as the former.</P>
<P>The Forces of the <HI>French</HI> King began al|ready to break into <HI>Flanders,</HI> notwith|&s;tanding the coldne&s;s of the &s;ea&s;on; and the talk was, that &s;ome con&s;iderable &s;iege would be &s;peedily made. On the other &s;ide the <HI>French</HI> King put the frontiers of <HI>Ger|many</HI> out of a condition of being able to furni&s;h provi&s;ions to any great Army, with which he was threatned from thence. And the Elector of <HI>Brandenbourg</HI> had lately be|fore
<PB N="30" REF="21">made a Declaration to the Diet at <HI>Ra|tisbon,</HI> whereby he qua&s;hed the hopes that the Confederates had conceived after the death of the Electore&s;s, of his joyning his forces with tho&s;e of the Empire, again&s;t the Power of <HI>France.</HI></P>
<P>That Prince declared, that he never had con&s;ented to the War into which the Em|pire was engaged upon occa&s;ion of the <HI>Dutch</HI> War: He prote&s;ted he was &s;o far from contributing to it on his part, that he had Twenty thou&s;and men in readine&s;s to act again&s;t tho&s;e that &s;hould refu&s;e a Peace; and that he would punctually ob&s;erve the Treaties of <HI>We&s;tphalia,</HI> on which the &s;afety and repo&s;e of the Empire depended. Which was a &s;ufficient Declaration in favour of <HI>France,</HI> that &s;eemed to demand no more in <HI>Germany.</HI></P>
<P>The twentieth of <HI>February</HI> Mr. <HI>Strat|man,</HI> the third of the Emperors Amba&s;&s;a|dors, arrived at <HI>Nimeguen,</HI> at which time all the difficulties that were &s;tarted about the communication of the Plenary Com|mi&s;&s;ions, began to be determined; and no better expedient could be found to effect this, than to reduce all the Plenary Com|&s;&s;ions into one and the &s;ame form as to the <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">aterial and e&s;&s;ential words, according to <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">he &s;tile and u&s;e of the Chan<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">elory of
<PB N="31" REF="21" MS="y"><HI>France.</HI> The five chief Confederates, to wit, the Emperor, King of <HI>Spain,</HI> King of <HI>Denmark, States of Holland,</HI> and the Ele|ctor of <HI>Brandenbourg,</HI> de&s;ired that in re|&s;pect of them &s;everally, the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;|&s;adors might have five particular Commi&s;|&s;ions. But the <HI>French</HI> would only procure two, one for treating with the Catholick Princes, in which the Mediation of the Pope was mentioned; and the other for the Prote&s;tant Princes who owned not that Mediation; and they ab&s;olutely refu&s;ed to pre&s;ent one for the Elector of <HI>Branden|burgh,</HI> le&s;t that all the other Princes of the Empire &s;hould pretend to the like. But up|on promi&s;e that no other Commi&s;&s;ion &s;hould be demanded, the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;a|dors judging it the intere&s;t of the King their Ma&s;ter to treat &s;eparately with the Confederates, they were not &s;o &s;tiff in that matter, and the rather e&s;pecially that they might thwart the Count of <HI>Kinski,</HI> who would have managed the intere&s;ts of all the Confederates, and deprived them of the liberty of acting by them&s;elves.</P>
<P>The <HI>Dani&s;h</HI> Amba&s;&s;ador was the mo&s;t &s;crupulous about the&s;e Plenary Commi&s;|&s;ions; he &s;tood upon the giving of his in the <HI>Dani&s;h</HI> language, if he mu&s;t have that of the <HI>Frenc<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter"></HI> in <HI>French;</HI> or that if he gave
<PB N="32" REF="22">his in Latin, he pretended that the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors &s;hould give him theirs in the &s;ame language. He alledged that the King his Ma&s;ter &s;tood not on the &s;ame foot as heretofore, and that he might very well challenge a right of e&s;tabli&s;hing a new cu|&s;tome. But the <HI>Danes</HI> got nothing by this, they were fain to conde&s;cend to the old way, which is that the <HI>French</HI> Mini&s;ters &s;peak to them in French, and that they an&s;wer them in Latin.</P>
<P>On the 3d of <HI>March</HI> 1676/7. all the Amba&s;&s;adors gave in their propo&s;itions of peace to the Mediators, whereby the preten&s;ions of all the powers concerned in the war were made known; and on the 5th they were interchanged by the Medi|tors.</P>
<P>The Emperors propo&s;itions were, that the <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">ing and Kingdom of <HI>France</HI> &s;hould re|<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">ore to the Emperour and the Empire, and to <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">ll the Confederates, all that had been ta|<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">en from them; that they &s;hould have re|paration for all damages that they had &s;uf|fered, and that peace &s;hould be re-e&s;tabli&s;h|ed upon the be&s;t and &s;ure&s;t grounds that po&s;&s;ibly could be devi&s;ed.</P>
<P><HI>France</HI> propo&s;ed to the Emperour and Empire, that the King having not de&s;ired any thing more pa&s;&s;ionately than the religious
<PB N="33" REF="22">ob&s;ervation of the Treaties of <HI>We&s;tphalia,</HI> his Maje&s;ty would gladly &s;ee <HI>Germany</HI> a &s;e|cond time owe the re&s;titution of its repo&s;e to the ob&s;ervation. of the &s;ame Treaties; and for that effect his Maje&s;ty demanded that they might be fully and intirely re|e&s;tabli&s;hed.</P>
<P><HI>Spain</HI> demanded that <HI>France</HI> would wholly re&s;tore whatev<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">r had been taken in the Kingdoms of <HI>Spain</HI> &s;ince the year 1665. That all Ammunition and Artillery taken either by Sea or Land, &s;hould be ren|dered back again: That all places ruined, demoli&s;hed, or burnt, &s;hould be repaired: That the <HI>French</HI> King &s;hould give com|pleat &s;atisfaction to all the Confederates: And by three different Articles <HI>Spain</HI> de|manded the &s;ame thing of <HI>Sueden.</HI></P>
<P><HI>France</HI> &s;aid, That the King being con|trary to Ju&s;tice, and the obligation of the Treaty of <HI>Aix la Chapel,</HI> attacqued by the Catholick King, his Maje&s;ty had rea&s;on to pretend that in re&s;pect of that Crown, all things &s;hould remain in the condition that the fortune of War had put them into, without prejudice to his Maje&s;ties Rights, which were to continue &s;till in full force and power.</P>
<P>The <HI>Danes</HI> pretended that <HI>France</HI> &s;hould give them compleat &s;atisfaction, and reim|bur&s;e
<PB N="34" REF="23">all the charges of the War: and by four Articles they demanded of the <HI>Suedes,</HI> that betwixt the two Kingdoms and two Kings, all things &s;hould be re&s;tored into the &s;ame condition as they were before the War that was ended by the Treaties of <HI>We&s;tphalia;</HI> and that the Treaties of <HI>Ro|childe</HI> and <HI>Copenhagen</HI> &s;hould be aboli&s;hed; and that all the Provinces which had been di&s;membred from <HI>Denmark</HI> and <HI>Norway,</HI> &s;hould be re&s;tored to the <HI>Danes;</HI> that all that the <HI>Suedes</HI> po&s;&s;e&s;t in the Empire, &s;hould be taken from them; that <HI>Wi&s;mar</HI> and the <HI>I&s;le of Rugen</HI> &s;hould remain in po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ion of the <HI>Danes;</HI> and that for the &s;ecurity of his <HI>Dani&s;h</HI> Maje&s;ty and Kingdoms, they might put Gari&s;ons in all the &s;trong places of <HI>Sueden</HI> that lye upon the frontiers of the two Kingdoms.</P>
<P>The propo&s;itions of <HI>France</HI> in reference to the <HI>Danes</HI> were, That &s;eeing the King had not declared War again&s;t the King of <HI>Denmark,</HI> but he runs contrary to the Treaty of <HI>Copenhagen</HI> made in the year 1660. for performance whereof the King was Guarantee; the King of <HI>Denmark</HI> had attacqued <HI>Sueden:</HI> His mo&s;t Chri&s;tian Ma|je&s;ty was ready to de&s;i&s;t from ho&s;tility on his part, provided that the afore&s;aid Trea|ties and tho&s;e of <HI>We&s;tphalia</HI> were re-e&s;ta|bli&s;hed.</P>
<PB N="35" REF="23">
<P>In re&s;pect of <HI>France</HI> and <HI>Sueden,</HI> the States General demanded, That <HI>Mae&s;tricht, Dalen, Fangumont,</HI> and all the dependencies of <HI>Mae&s;tricht,</HI> &s;hould be re&s;tored to them: That they were willing for the publick peace to &s;acrifice the ine&s;timable lo&s;&s;es, whereof they might pretend reparation; and that for avoiding all differences for the future, the Treaty might contain a general and particular renuntiation of all &s;orts of preten&s;ions.</P>
<P>There were afterward &s;ixteen Articles concerning the full &s;atisfaction to be made to the Prince of <HI>Orange</HI> in regard of what depended on the Crown of <HI>France;</HI> and particularly the re&s;tauration of the forti|fications of <HI>Orange,</HI> that were ruined in the year 1660. and of the Ca&s;tle demoli&s;hed in the year 1663. the rights of Toll upon Salt and other Commodities, as well upon the <HI>Rone,</HI> as through the Principality of <HI>Orange;</HI> the rights of Coyning of money, of Laick Patronage for nomination to the Bi&s;hoprick; the exemptions, priviledges, and other Immunities granted to the inha|bitants of that Principality by the Kings his Maje&s;ties Predece&s;&s;ors, and particularly by <HI>Lewis</HI> XIII.</P>
<P>The <HI>E&s;tates General</HI> demanded nothing of <HI>Sueden,</HI> but that the future Treaty might
<PB N="36" REF="24">contain &s;ome regulations for obviating the frequent inconveniences that happened concerning Commerce.</P>
<P><HI>France</HI> propo&s;ed to the <HI>States General,</HI> That &s;eeing the Union that hath always been betwixt the Crown of <HI>France</HI> and the <HI>States,</HI> was only interrupted upon account of &s;ome cau&s;es of di&s;content, which were ea&s;ie at pre&s;ent to be removed, and to be prevented for the future; His Maje&s;ty was willing to re&s;tore the <HI>States General</HI> to his former amity, and to hearken favourably to all propo&s;itions that might be made to him on their part, even concerning a Trea|ty of Commerce. And as to the propo&s;iti|ons made for the re-e&s;tabli&s;hment of the Prince of <HI>Orange,</HI> the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors made an an&s;wer to them; but upon occa|&s;ion oppo&s;ed the preten&s;ions of the Count <HI>D' Auvergne,</HI> demanding that his Marqui|&s;ate and Town of <HI>Bergen-op-zoom</HI> might be re&s;tored to all the rights of Soveraignty which the other Towns of <HI>Holland</HI> enjoy|ed conform to the Treaties of Pacification of <HI>Ghent.</HI></P>
<P>The Elector of <HI>Brandenburgh</HI> demanded that <HI>France</HI> &s;hould make reparation for the damages that his Territories had &s;u&s;tained by the <HI>French</HI> Forces during the cour&s;e of this War, that all &s;ecurity &s;hould be given
<PB N="37" REF="24">him for the future for the &s;ame Territories, and that all his Allies &s;hould be compre|hended in a general Treaty.</P>
<P><HI>France</HI> made no propo&s;itions to the Ele|ctor of <HI>Brandenbourg</HI> be&s;ides tho&s;e that were made to the Emperor and Empire, which comprehended the full performance of the Treaties of <HI>We&s;tphalia.</HI></P>
<P>In all the propo&s;itions that the <HI>Suedes</HI> made to the Emperor, the Kings of <HI>Spain</HI> and <HI>Denmark,</HI> the <HI>States General,</HI> and to the Elector of <HI>Brandenbourg,</HI> they demand|ed of the one but the renovation of their former amity and good corre&s;pondence, and of the others the execution of the Trea|ties of <HI>We&s;tphalia</HI> and <HI>Copenhagen,</HI> which contained the re&s;titution of all that had been taken from that Crown.</P>
<P>Prince <HI>Charles</HI> of <HI>Lorrain,</HI> to whom th<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter"> <HI>French</HI> King had granted the title of Duke, with a general prote&s;tation made to the Mediators, that the titles taken or given &s;hould be without prejudice, cau&s;ed his propo&s;itions to be made, by which he &s;aid, That as heir to his Predece&s;&s;ors, he hoped from the Ju&s;tice of the King that he would re&s;tore to him his Dutchies of <HI>Lorrain</HI> and <HI>Bar,</HI> with their dependencies, his titles, records, movables, and effects taken from him, and make reparation for the Towns,
<PB N="38" REF="25">Burroughs, Ca&s;tles and Villages that were ruined throughout all his Dominions.</P>
<P>But &s;eeing the Mini&s;ters of the Confede|rates would not admit of the Sieur <HI>Duker,</HI> the Envoy of the Bi&s;hop of <HI>Strasbourg,</HI> whom the <HI>French</HI> King reckoned among the Confederate Princes, the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;a|dors made no propo&s;itions concerning <HI>Lor|rain,</HI> nor &s;hewed any Plenary Commi&s;&s;ion for treating about the Intere&s;ts of that Prince (though much urged to it by the Confederates) that by this means they might oblige the Imperiali&s;ts to own the Mini&s;ter of the Bi&s;hop of <HI>Strasbourg.</HI></P>
<P>On the other &s;ide, the propo&s;itions of the Duke of <HI>Hol&s;tein Gottorp,</HI> which the Sieurs <HI>&V;lkens</HI> and <HI>Wetterkop,</HI> that Princes Envoys, had put into the hands of the Me|diators, lay there without an&s;wer or being interchanged, becau&s;e the <HI>Dani&s;h</HI> Amba&s;&s;a|dor hindred the Mini&s;ter of that Prince from being admitted, as being an Ally of <HI>Sueden,</HI> and protected by <HI>France,</HI> and upon that account di&s;po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ed of his Territories by the King of <HI>Denmark.</HI></P>
<P>The Propo&s;itions of the Dukes of <HI>Brun&s;wick</HI> and <HI>Lunenbourg</HI> were not made publick, becau&s;e the Mini&s;ters of tho&s;e Princes kept <HI>incognito,</HI> pretending to the character and rank of Amba&s;&s;adors; yea,
<PB N="39" REF="25">and the&s;e Princes wrote to the King of <HI>England</HI> for obtaining the effect of their Preten&s;ions: but what in&s;tance &s;oever they made during the whole cour&s;e of the Ne|gotiation, no Crowned head yielded to their demand.</P>
<DIV2 TYPE="section">
<P>I have here but in&s;erted the &s;ub&s;tance of the fir&s;t propo&s;itions of Peace; yet there|by may be &s;een how unrea&s;onable the de|mands of <HI>Spain</HI> and <HI>Denmark</HI> were, &s;eeing that not only the Mediators, but even the Amba&s;&s;adors of the States General thought them exorbitant.</P>
<P>The &s;ixth of this Month Mon&s;ieur <HI>Strat|man</HI> gave the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors notice of his arrival; who at the &s;ame time &s;ent each of them a Secretary, to make him their complement, and demand audience, either the &s;ame morning, or immediately after din|ner. But he excu&s;ed him&s;elf, &s;aying that he had a bu&s;ine&s;s of great importance to di|&s;patch that day with an Envoy of the Ele|ctor of <HI>Cologn,</HI> concerning urgent affairs of his Imperial Maje&s;ty, and appointed them &s;ix of the clock at night. The <HI>French</HI> Am|ba&s;&s;adors began then to doubt of the &s;in|cerity of his conduct towards them, and they could not imagin what pretext he
<PB N="40" REF="26">could have. It is true, the Gentleman that made the complement to the <HI>French</HI> Am|ba&s;&s;adors in the name of Mr. <HI>Stratman,</HI> had waited &s;ometime at the lodgings of the Count <HI>D' Avaux,</HI> where at that time they were all three together; but the time was but &s;hort, and the Amba&s;&s;adors &s;aw very well that Mr. <HI>Stratman</HI> failed in what was due to their Character, though he a&s;&s;ured them that he had &s;ent his Secretary to them, and that he had taken all the mea&s;ures that he conceived nece&s;&s;ary to give them all manner of &s;atisfaction. Whatever the mat|ter was, the great affair that Mr. <HI>Stratman</HI> pretended to be for the important con|cerns of the Emperor, was no more indeed but that he might have lei&s;ure at two of the clock to receive the vi&s;it of the Amba&s;&s;a|dor of <HI>Denmark,</HI> and at four of the clock that of the fir&s;t Amba&s;&s;ador of <HI>Sueden.</HI></P>
<P>The <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors cau&s;ed all the circum&s;tances of Mr. <HI>Stratman</HI>'s conduct to be ob&s;erved: neverthele&s;s the made their vi&s;it all three together at &s;ix of the clock at night, with &s;even Coaches and &s;ix Hor&s;es a piece, a great number of &s;ervants in Live|ry, and Flambeaux; in&s;omuch that there had not as yet &s;o &s;plendid a Train been &s;een at <HI>Nimueguen.</HI> The&s;e Amba&s;&s;adors intended to put Mon&s;ieur <HI>Stratman</HI> in the
<PB N="41" REF="26">wrong; they knew very well that the real di&s;tinction of preference is not to be made according to the order that vi&s;its are given in, but according to the order they are ren|dered by tho&s;e who have received them: as to that, they expected to &s;ee how Mr. <HI>Stratman</HI> would carry towards them, that they might thereupon take their mea&s;ures with him.</P>
<P>It was above a fortnight before Mr. <HI>Strat|man</HI> put him&s;elf in a condition of render|ing any vi&s;it; during which time he pre|tended an indi&s;po&s;ition. That delay could not be attributed to any thing but the ex|pectation of a Courier, by whom it was &s;aid he was to be in&s;tructed how to behave him&s;elf in pro&s;pect of the inconveniences which he expected to meet with on the part of the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors, if he gave not to that Crown the preference which it hath always pretended to. In the mean time he made an apology for that delay in a Letter which he wrote to the Mar&s;hal <HI>D' E&s;trades,</HI> imputing it to an indi&s;po&s;ition that had &s;eized him. The <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;|&s;adors &s;ent a Gentleman to make him a complement, and condole with him about his &s;ickne&s;s: To whom he an&s;wered, That he hoped &s;uddenly to be in a condition to <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 word"> and than<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter"> them for their civility.</P>
<PB N="42" REF="27">
<P>No man doubted but that Mon&s;ieur <HI>Stratman</HI> found him&s;elf in &s;ome perplexity, and that he was very &s;en&s;ible how hard a task it would be for him to go on as he had begun, without expo&s;ing him&s;elf to trou|ble&s;ome con&s;equences. He perceived how the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors had deported them&s;elves towards the Count of <HI>Kinski,</HI> who would have ob&s;erved a particular way of conduct as to them. He under&s;tood that the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors would refu&s;e his vi|&s;it, if he failed in giving them the prefer|ence; and he was ignorant, that if his pro|cedure &s;hould deprive him of the opportu|nity of &s;eeing the Amba&s;&s;adors during the whole time of the Treaty, it might be a con&s;iderable prejudice and ob&s;tacle to the peace.</P>
<P>At length the 22. Mr. <HI>Stratman</HI> &s;ent to demand audience of the Mar&s;hal <HI>D' E|&s;trades,</HI> but not till he had vi&s;ited the fir&s;t Amba&s;&s;ador of <HI>Sueden,</HI> and &s;ent in formali|ty to demand audience of the <HI>Dani&s;h</HI> Am|ba&s;&s;ador, who was not then in Town. The <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors had agreed among them&s;elves about the an&s;wer that was to be given to the Gentleman that &s;hould demand audience; &s;o that &s;o &s;oon as he had made his complement, the Mar&s;hal <HI>D' E&s;trades</HI> told him, that Mr. <HI>Stratman</HI> knew not what
<PB N="43" REF="27">was due to the King his Ma&s;ter, and his Am|ba&s;&s;adors, and that therefore he would not admit of his vi&s;it. Mr. <HI>Stratman</HI> was not willing to expo&s;e him&s;elf to the receiving of the &s;ame an&s;wer from the other <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors, and therefore did not &s;end unto them. He expected, indeed, that the <HI>French</HI> would &s;hew &s;ome di&s;content; but as being Amba&s;&s;ador from the Emperor, he looked not for an an&s;wer of that nature. That Mini&s;ter is a learned man, and writes well both in <HI>Latin</HI> and <HI>French.</HI> He hath always adhered to the Bi&s;hop of <HI>Gurck,</HI> and oppo&s;ed the Count of <HI>Kinski.</HI> He was preferred to the Emperor from the &s;ervice of the Duke of <HI>Newbourg,</HI> at that time when the Emperor married the daugh|ter of that Prince.</P>
<P>All the di&s;cour&s;e at <HI>Nimueguen</HI> at this time, was of the great atchievements that the Confederates pretended they would do in this Campagn. The Elector of <HI>Bran|denbourg</HI> was come into the Countrey of <HI>Cleves</HI> to order affairs there; this Countrey being daily threatned by the Cari&s;<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 word"> <HI>Mae&s;tricht,</HI> to oblige the inhabi<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters">nts to p<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters"> the Contributions that were laid upon them. The Elector was detained by the Gout at <HI>Ham,</HI> four leagues beyond <HI>We&s;el,</HI> whither the Amba&s;&s;ador of <HI>Denmark</HI> was
<PB N="44" REF="28">gone to vi&s;it him, and whither many other of the Confederate Mini&s;ters were to go. The Prince of <HI>Orange</HI> was &s;et out to come to that A&s;&s;embly, which was called the Great Council of War. But the news of the &s;iege of <HI>Valenciennes,</HI> and the urgent in|&s;tances of the Duke <HI>de Villa Hermo&s;a,</HI> for &s;uccors from the States General, made the Prince of <HI>Orange</HI> alter his cour&s;e, broke up the Diet at <HI>Ham,</HI> and for &s;ome time di&s;con|certed the mea&s;ures of the Confederates.</P>
</DIV2>
<DIV2 TYPE="section">
<P>In the mean time the difficulties that hin|dred the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors from vi&s;iting tho&s;e of the Emperor and Elector of <HI>Bran|denbourgs,</HI> produced &s;ad effects, and might have put a &s;top to the cau&s;e of the Nego|tiation that was begun, had not their pre|ten&s;ions been &s;o well grounded as they were. The Amba&s;&s;adors of <HI>Brandenbourg</HI> publi&s;h|ed a printed Paper, to prove that their Ma|&s;ter had right, and was in po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ion of &s;ending and having admitted &s;everal Am|ba&s;&s;adors into one and the &s;ame A&s;&s;embly; t<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="3 letters"> endeavoured to give in&s;tances of it taken from the Relations that Abbot <HI>Ciry</HI> printed of the Tran&s;actions which pa&s;&s;ed at the Treaties of <HI>Mun&s;ter</HI> and <HI>O&s;nabrug.</HI> However that made nothing to their ad|vantage. They denied tho&s;e matters of fact
<PB N="45" REF="28">that made again&s;t their preten&s;ions, which are related in the Memoirs of Mr. <HI>Chanut,</HI> as well as the late in&s;tances of the A&s;&s;em|bly at <HI>Frankfort,</HI> at the Coronation of the Emperor; and they in&s;i&s;ted particularly on the conduct that Mon&s;ieur <HI>Colbert</HI> held at <HI>Cleves,</HI> towards three Amba&s;&s;adors of the Elector, whom he treated equally and with|out di&s;tinction.</P>
<P>The la&s;t in&s;tance &s;ignified nothing for confirmation of their preten&s;ion. Mr. <HI>Col|bert</HI> at that time had only the character of Envoy Extraordinary for mediating the differences that were at that time betwixt the States General and the Bi&s;hop of <HI>Mun|&s;ter;</HI> and Mon&s;ieur <HI>Colbert</HI> being in the E|lectors Countrey, it was not his part to rai&s;e any di&s;pute upon that head.</P>
<P>The Amba&s;&s;adors of the Emperor com|plained al&s;o of the publick refu&s;e which the <HI>French</HI> made of the vi&s;it of Mr. <HI>Stratman.</HI> The cau&s;e of tho&s;e mi&s;under&s;tandings was imputed to the <HI>Spaniards,</HI> who finding them&s;elves always thwarted in the equality which they &s;o &s;trongly pretend to with <HI>France,</HI> contend not for it with other Crowns, to the end they may unite them all, and &s;o oppo&s;e them&s;elves with greater force to the precedency which <HI>France</HI> claims, or at lea&s;t to di&s;turb it as much as they can,
<PB N="46" REF="29">in the po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ion of an advantage which they cannot obtain for them&s;elves.</P>
<P>There was an innovation made at <HI>Ni|mueguen</HI> of what was practi&s;ed at <HI>Cologn</HI> in regard of the Mediators, to whom in that quality all the Powers had granted the pre|cedency in the affairs that concerned the Mediation. And the Mediators on their parts being de&s;irous to prevent all occa&s;i|ons of quarrels, which frequently happen upon occa&s;ion of Livery-men, e&s;pecially when many of different Nations meet toge|ther in one place, per&s;waded all the Am|ba&s;&s;adors in the fir&s;t place to command their Pages and Lacqueys to wear no &s;words; which was punctually ob&s;erved. And &s;ee|ing mo&s;t of the &s;treets of <HI>Nimueguen</HI> are &s;o narrow, that two Coaches can hardly pa&s;s a brea&s;t, the Mediators drew up a writing to be &s;igned by all the Amba&s;&s;adors, by means whereof they did &s;ufficiently obviate all the inconveniences which were to be feared during the Treaty.</P>
<P>That writing bore, That in con&s;ideration of the narrowne&s;s of the &s;treets, when two Coaches going contrary ways &s;hould meet, that Coach which &s;hould be lea&s;t advanced into the &s;treet, &s;hould put back, without any con&s;equence to be drawn therefrom, or prejudice to any ones preten&s;ions; that he
<PB N="47" REF="29">that &s;hould mo&s;t punctually obey that or|der, &s;hould be held to be the mo&s;t incli|ned towards the peace; the matter being thus concerted for no other end, but for a|voiding all occa&s;ions of quarrelling, and to keep tho&s;e who laboured for the re&s;taurati|on of the publick repo&s;e, in goodintelli|gence together.</P>
<P>The <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors were the fir&s;t who &s;igned that writing, the <HI>Swedi&s;h</HI> did the like, and the <HI>Dani&s;h</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors follow|ed their example: but the matter went no far|ther, &s;o that it was to be feared that &s;ome un|happy accident might afterwards happen a|mong&s;t &s;o many Amba&s;&s;adors; but the order that was made for preventing any di&s;order among&s;t &s;ervants, was punctually put in exe|cution.</P>
<P>There happened at that time long de|bates concerning the manner of treating a|bout the affairs of the peace, and that mat|ter was not ea&s;ily adju&s;ted: all the Confede|rates were for having it managed only by writing.</P>
<P>The <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors maintained, that having given in their fir&s;t propo&s;itions in writing, the way of treating by word of mouth with the Mediators was the &s;horte&s;t. The Confederates would not conde&s;cend to this, but made very long an&s;wers in wri|ting
<PB N="48" REF="30">to the <HI>French</HI> propo&s;itions, which &s;eem|ed rather invectives than an&s;wers to the pro|po&s;als of peace. But the <HI>French</HI> waving all the&s;e di&s;putes, which produce always &s;trife, gave their an&s;wers verbally by the Media|tors. the <HI>Dutch</HI> were the fir&s;t that ap|proved this method, and all the Confede|rates at length yielded to this way of treat|ing, as the mo&s;t expedient for dii&s;patching in a &s;hort time.</P>
<P><HI>Don Pedro de Ronquillo</HI> continued &s;till in|cognito at <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> whither Mr. <HI>Chri&s;tu</HI> arrived on the 18th of <HI>March.</HI> This Third Amba&s;&s;ador of <HI>Spain</HI> is a <HI>Fleming,</HI> Doctor in the Laws, and Counceller in the <HI>Flemi&s;h</HI> Council in <HI>Spain,</HI> who hoped to have the Office of Chancellour of <HI>Brabant,</HI> in recom|pence of his &s;ervices. In the mean time the News of the &s;iege of <HI>Valenciences,</HI> before which the King came the fir&s;t of this Month, made all people very impatient to know the &s;ucce&s;s of that enterpri&s;e, it being known what care and circum&s;pection had been ta|ken for the pre&s;erving of that place; but the news that came of the Trenches being opened the Ninth in the night time, was quickly followed with the taking of the place on the 17th about Nine in the morn|ing.</P>
<PB N="49" REF="30">
<P>The manner of taking <HI>Valenciennes,</HI> &s;ur|prized all men, and daunted the <HI>Spaniards.</HI> The King commanded the Counter-&s;carp to be attacqued with two Half-moons that flanked a Crowned work, and that they &s;hould lodg on the front of that work, which covers another that is before the Gate of the Town. But the Kings forces marching cro&s;s tho&s;e Half-moons, attacqued that great Crowned-work on the front and &s;ides, and entered it on all hands, killed or made Pri&s;oners all that oppo&s;ed them, and pur&s;uing tho&s;e that &s;aved them&s;elves in the Town, gained the Bridg and &s;econd Work, and by a Wicket where they could not pa&s;s but one after another, they made them|&s;elves ma&s;ters of the Town-gate; &s;o that in le&s;s than half an hour the King &s;aw a place of that con&s;equence taken by force.</P>
<P><HI>April</HI> 1677, The Confederates hoped that the &s;iege of <HI>Valenciennes</HI> begun in &s;o bad a &s;ea&s;on, would have ruined a great part of the Kings forces; but that Conque&s;t with others that were fore&s;een would fol|low, much di&s;heartened them. Neverthe|le&s;s the Treaty of Peace went on but very &s;lowly for all that. The Confederates groun|ded their hopes on the great Exploits that the <HI>German</HI> Forces were to perform in <HI>Al|&s;atia,</HI> and on the Declaration of <HI>England,</HI>
<PB N="50" REF="31">which they expected in their &s;avours, not doubting but that the Parliament would &s;ollicite the King to join with them for oppo&s;ing the progre&s;s of the <HI>French;</HI> but the Confederates at that time found them|&s;elves much di&s;appointed in their Expecta|tions.</P>
<P>The two Hou&s;es of Parliament repre&s;en|ted to the King of <HI>England</HI> the nece&s;&s;ity of putting a &s;top to the progre&s;s that the <HI>French</HI> made in the <HI>Low-countries.</HI> The King an&s;wered tho&s;e that made him the Addre&s;s from the Parliament, That it was the thing he had in his thoughts, and that he &s;hould take care that the <HI>French</HI> &s;hould not be in a condition of giving jealou&s;ie to his Sub|jects, and that his Subjects &s;hould have no cau&s;e to have any. His Maje&s;ty of <HI>Great Britain</HI> was afterwards informed, that <HI>Don Bernardo de Salinas,</HI> Envoy from <HI>Spain,</HI> gave it out, that his Maje&s;ty had called the Authors of that Addre&s;s Rogues. The pro|cedure of that Mini&s;ter &s;o much the more offended the King of <HI>England,</HI> as that in &s;o nice a juncture, it might have produced dangerous effects in his Kingdoms; and therefore he &s;ent order to <HI>Don Pedro de Salinas</HI> to keep within doors, and to make ready to depart out of the Kingdom with|in twenty days.</P>
<PB N="51" REF="31">
<P>The Amba&s;&s;adors in the mean time re|mained at <HI>Nimueguen</HI> like Spectators; and all that was done there, was to con&s;ider and ob&s;erve what pa&s;&s;ed in the <HI>Low countries,</HI> where after the taking of <HI>Valenciennes,</HI> the King made him&s;elf Ma&s;ter of <HI>Cambray</HI> on the third of <HI>April,</HI> five days after the Trenches were opened, the Governour with the whole Garri&s;on having retreated into the Cittadel; and the Duke of <HI>Orleans</HI> who till then had only held St. <HI>Omers</HI> blocked up, cau&s;ed at the &s;ame time the Trenches to be opened. But upon notice that the Prince of <HI>Orange</HI> marched with a great Army to the relief of St. <HI>Omer,</HI> the King detached from his Army the Mare&s;hal of <HI>Luxembourg</HI> with Eight Battalions, the two Troops of his Mu&s;quetiers, and &s;ome Dragoons, re&s;erving only &s;o many of his forces as were nece&s;&s;ary for forcing the Cittadel of <HI>Cambray.</HI></P>
<P>This Detachment came in the nick of time to &s;trengthen the Duke of <HI>Orleans</HI> his Army; for on the eleventh the two Ar|mies engaged near to <HI>Mont-ca&s;&s;el,</HI> and had a &s;harp di&s;pute; but after a vigorous re&s;i&s;t|ance made by the <HI>Dutch</HI>-Infantry, the <HI>French</HI> got the day, and the <HI>Dutch</HI> in that defeat lo&s;t eight thou&s;and men that wert killed or made Pri&s;oners, many Colours, eight pieces of Cannon, two mortar-pieces, all their
<PB N="52" REF="32">gro&s;s Baggage, and many Waggons laden with Arms and Ammunition for the relief of St. <HI>Omers,</HI> which was the chief fruit of the Battel.</P>
<P>The news of that victory, the taking of <HI>Cambray</HI> on the eighteenth, and of St. <HI>Omers</HI> on the twentieth, &s;tunned the Confederates, and &s;o many Conque&s;ts in &s;ix weeks time, and before the u&s;ual time of the Compagn, made the <HI>Spaniards</HI> de&s;pair of being able to pre&s;erve any thing in <HI>Flanders,</HI> if peace did not put a &s;top to tho&s;e progre&s;&s;es; but that which troubled them mo&s;t, was, that by the&s;e Conque&s;ts t<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">ey lo&s;t all the Contribu|tions which they rai&s;ed on the Frontiers of <HI>France,</HI> and which was the &s;ure&s;t way they had to pay the &s;mall Army that they enter|tained in the <HI>Low-countries.</HI></P>
<P>In the mean time the Elector of <HI>Branden|bourg</HI> being come to <HI>We&s;el,</HI> there was a great Conference held there concerning the En|terpri&s;es which the <HI>German</HI> forces were to undertake in three &s;everal places. The Am|ba&s;&s;adour of <HI>Denmark</HI> went thither from <HI>Nim<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">eguen,</HI> the Pen&s;ioner <HI>Fagel,</HI> and Ad|miral <HI>Van Trump</HI> were there for the <HI>States-General;</HI> the Envoys of the Electors of <HI>Cologn, Treves, Palatine,</HI> of the Princes of <HI>Brun&s;wick</HI> and Bi&s;hop of <HI>Mun&s;ter,</HI> were al&s;o at that Council of War, and the Duke
<PB N="53" REF="32">of <HI>Newbourg</HI> was there in per&s;on. But the great advantages that the <HI>French</HI> King had ju&s;t then obtained, diverted the de&s;igns which the Confederates had again formed upon <HI>Mae&s;tricht</HI> and <HI>Lorrain.</HI></P>
<P>Many were per&s;waded that the lo&s;s which the <HI>Dutch</HI> had then &s;u&s;tained, would incline them to treat about a &s;eparate Peace; if the <HI>States-General</HI> were as de&s;irous of it as the people; and all that wi&s;hed well to the publick, &s;eemed impatient to &s;ee them&s;elves delivered from &s;o trouble&s;ome a War. They could not have a better pretext for it, than the lo&s;s of the battel of <HI>Mont|ca&s;&s;el,</HI> and the &s;udden return of the <HI>Heer Beverning,</HI> who upon that news came pre|&s;ently back to <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> confirm'd the conjecture that &s;ome had of a particular accommodation betwixt <HI>Holland</HI> and <HI>France.</HI> That Amba&s;&s;ador appeared always &s;o zeal|ous for the real intere&s;t of his Countrey, that if there was any &s;eparate Treaty to be expected, it could no ways be managed but by his means; and if different intere&s;ts had not always divided the <HI>States-General,</HI> it would not have been long before they had broken off from the Confederates, who&s;e hopes daily vani&s;hed, though they could not re&s;olve to &s;ave them&s;elves from the mi&s;|fortunes of War by a good Peace, which
<PB N="54" REF="33">appeared to the <HI>Dutch</HI> to be the mo&s;t &s;pee|dy and &s;afe way to remedy the pre&s;ent E|vils, and prevent tho&s;e wherewith they were threatned.</P>
<P>After this &s;hort, but no inglorious Cam|pagn, the <HI>French</HI> King di&s;per&s;ed his Forces into quarters of refre&s;hment; and being at <HI>Dunkirk,</HI> &s;ent the Duke of <HI>Crequi</HI> to com|pliment the King of <HI>England,</HI> and to carry him a Letter, whereby his Maje&s;ty declared, That though his willingne&s;s to come to peace did not at all promote the conclu&s;ion thereof; yet he was ready, amid&s;t the pro|&s;perities wherewith Heaven was plea&s;ed to favour him, to con&s;ent to a general Truce for &s;ome years, as the &s;ure&s;t means of re&s;to|ring tranquility to <HI>Europe,</HI> provided that the King of <HI>Sueden</HI> was of the &s;ame mind. And &s;eeing his Maje&s;ty could have no free corre&s;pondence with that Prince, he pray|ed the King of <HI>England</HI> to inform him&s;elf of his intentions, not doubting but that he was &s;ufficiently per&s;uaded of the &s;incere de&s;ire he had to &s;econd the good offices of his Mediation, yea and to contribute all that in him lay, for the procuring of a Ge|neral Peace, though he might have ground to expect con&s;iderable advantages from his Armies.</P>
<PB N="55" REF="33">
<P>In the mean time it was the common di&s;|cour&s;e that the <HI>French</HI> King did but make formal demon&s;trations of de&s;iring a Peace, whil&s;t he found him&s;elf &s;o &s;ucce&s;sful, and &s;o powerful, as to make him&s;elf Ma&s;ter of all the <HI>Low-Countreys;</HI> that if he did really con&s;ent to a Truce, he mu&s;t either think him&s;elf too weak to bear up again&s;t the efforts that were preparing to be made a|gain&s;t him in <HI>Germany</HI> and <HI>Catalonia,</HI> or that he intended &s;ome enterpri&s;e into which they could not dive. Some gave out, that the <HI>French</HI> King's Letter was but a politick fetch, whereby he gave occa&s;ion to the King of <HI>England</HI> to wave the Declaration which his Parliament &s;o urgently &s;olicited; and that the condition of the King of <HI>Sue|den</HI>'s con&s;ent would be always a &s;ure pretext to &s;tave off the propo&s;ition of the Truce, whenever <HI>France</HI> though it convenient.</P>
</DIV2>
<DIV2 TYPE="section">
<P>The &s;ame day (<HI>May</HI> 1677.) that that Letter was brought to <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> the <HI>Dutch</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors having demanded audi|ence of the <HI>French,</HI> came all to the Hou&s;e of the Mar&s;hal <HI>D' E&s;trades,</HI> whither they brought the project of a Treaty of Com|merce, the Articles of which were extract|ed out of the la&s;t Treaties which they made with <HI>France.</HI> But the people &s;aid publickly,
<PB N="56" REF="34">That that was but to amu&s;e them to no purpo&s;e; that it was much better to con|clude a Treaty of Peace than a Treaty of Commerce. The <HI>States General</HI> in the mean time &s;ent three hundred thou&s;and Crowns to the Prince of <HI>Orange</HI> to rai&s;e recruits for their Forces; publi&s;hing, that the lo&s;s they had &s;u&s;tained at <HI>Mont Ca&s;&s;el,</HI> &s;hould not hinder them from rigging out a Fleet which they de&s;igned for the a&s;&s;i&s;tance of <HI>Sicily</HI> and <HI>Denmark.</HI></P>
<P>The Confederates neverthele&s;s began to take umbrage at the Negotiation of the <HI>Dutch;</HI> the di&s;po&s;ition they found the Sieur <HI>Beverning</HI> in to treat &s;eparately, gave them the greater cau&s;e of fear, in that <HI>that</HI> Mi|ni&s;ter cea&s;ed not to pre&s;s them, and to com|plain of their &s;low proceedings. And the Duke of <HI>Zell</HI> finding him&s;elf &s;ollicited to &s;end five thou&s;and men to join the Confe|derate Army, as he had done the year be|fore, he made &s;ome difficulty, and demand|ed of the <HI>States-General</HI> an hundred thou|&s;and Crowns, and as much from the <HI>Spani|ards;</HI> and in&s;i&s;ted upon this, That the Em|peror would cau&s;e the title and rank of Amba&s;&s;adors to be given to the Mini&s;ters which the Hou&s;e of <HI>Brun&s;wick</HI> &s;hould &s;end to <HI>Nimueguen.</HI> The&s;e conditions gave ground to &s;u&s;pect that that Prince, and &s;ome others
<PB N="75" REF="34">of <HI>Germany,</HI> had not the &s;ame di&s;po&s;ition to promote the common cau&s;e. In effect they &s;ufficiently perceived that they were engaged farther than they would have de|&s;ired; which made the <HI>Spaniard</HI> fear, that if they accepted a Truce, they might in a &s;hort time be abandoned by the greate&s;t part of their Confederates.</P>
<P>On the fifth of <HI>May</HI> the news came by Letters from <HI>England,</HI> that the Se&s;&s;ion of Parliament was broken up the 26. of the foregoing Month, and that the King was fully &s;atisfied with them, though no Act had pa&s;&s;ed contrary to the Intere&s;ts of <HI>France;</HI> but that his Maje&s;ty of <HI>Great Bri|tain</HI> had adjourned them till the 27 of <HI>May,</HI> to con&s;ider of &s;uch means as might give a new countenance to the pre&s;ent affairs. There came news al&s;o which gave &s;ome content, that the fir&s;t Amba&s;&s;adors of the Emperor and King of <HI>Spain&punc;</HI> were &s;hortly to come with the Popes Nuncio to <HI>Nimue|guen,</HI> where all affairs were at a &s;t<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="3 letters">, be|cau&s;e the Count of <HI>Kinsks</HI> had no <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 word"> to agree but on preliminaries, until th<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="MURP" EXTENT="1 letter"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="MURP" EXTENT="3 letters">+ing of the Bi&s;hop of <HI>Gurck,</HI> the ch<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="MURP" EXTENT="3 letters"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 word"> the Imperial Emba&s;&s;y.</P>
<P>The Pre&s;ident, Canon, Envoy and Pleni|potentiary from the Duke of <HI>Lorrain,</HI> be|ing come to <HI>Nimueguen</HI> on the 25th of
<PB N="58" REF="35"><HI>May,</HI> payed a vi&s;it to the three <HI>French</HI> Am|ba&s;&s;adors in one of the Coaches of <HI>Don Pedro de Ronquillo,</HI> who remained &s;till <HI>in|cognito.</HI> Mr. <HI>Spanheim,</HI> who was at <HI>Nimue|guen</HI> about the affairs of the Elector Pala|tine, vi&s;ited al&s;o the &s;ame Amba&s;&s;adors, who returned the Vi&s;its without any cere|mony; &s;eeing this la&s;t had had the quality of Envoy in other Negotiations, it was not doubted but that he carried the &s;ame chara|cter in this; but it appeared afterward that he had only Credential Letters from his Ma&s;ter; and therefore the Confederates would not admit him into their Confer|ences.</P>
<P>About this time the Elector of <HI>Branden|bourg</HI> wrote to the King of <HI>England</HI> con|cerning the Inju&s;tice that he pretended was done to his Amba&s;&s;adors by <HI>France;</HI> and the matter, &s;aid he, touched him the more &s;en&s;ibly, that the deci&s;ion of that difficulty was left to his Enemies, without doing the lu&s;tice which was due to him; and that he expected it from his Maje&s;ty of <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 span"> <HI>Britain,</HI> without which he would be <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="3 letters">ged to recall his Amba&s;&s;adors from <HI>Ni|mueguen.</HI> But that Letter, and all the in|&s;tances that were made upon that &s;ubject, had no effect as to <HI>France,</HI> which had not the &s;ame rea&s;ons as <HI>England</HI> had to conde|&s;cend
<PB N="59" REF="35">to tho&s;e new preten&s;ions.</P>
</DIV2>
<DIV2 TYPE="section">
<P>On the fir&s;t day of <HI>June,</HI> 1677. Seignior <HI>Beliagua,</HI> who had been Nuncio extraordi|nary at the Emperor's Court, to incline him to contribute to the peace of Chri&s;tendom, arrived at <HI>Nimueguen</HI> by water from <HI>Co|logne,</HI> and came to the hou&s;e that was pre|pared for him near the French Amba&s;&s;a|dors; the &s;carcity of convenient Hou&s;es not permitting him who was &s;ent before, to follow the expre&s;s Orders he had, to chu&s;e a hou&s;e in &s;ome part of the Town which might be equally di&s;tant from the <HI>French</HI> and <HI>Spaniards,</HI> that he might give no cau&s;e of jealou&s;ie to either of tho&s;e two Nati|ons.</P>
<P>The arrival of a Mediator &s;o di&s;intere&s;t|ed as the Uncle of his Holine&s;s ought to be, gave hopes that his Mediation would much contribute to the promoting of the Peace, becau&s;e of the confidence that the chief parties concerned repo&s;ed on him. Seignior <HI>Beliagua</HI> is of a very noble Family in <HI>Ferrara,</HI> and rich in e&s;tate; he is Patri|arch of <HI>Alexandria,</HI> and was Governour of <HI>Rome</HI> in the reign of <HI>Clement</HI> IX. nor was that charge taken from him under <HI><GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="3 letters">ment</HI> X. his Succe&s;&s;or, but in exchange of the extraordinary Nunciature of <HI>Vienna,</HI> from
<PB N="60" REF="36">whence he was &s;ent Mediator to <HI>Nimueguen</HI> by <HI>Innocent</HI> XI. who at pre&s;ent fills the Holy See. Although the allowance of great Nun|cio's exceed not 370. <HI>Roman</HI> Crowns a month, and that he was not well paid, his Train was neverthele&s;s &s;plendid, and his Hou&s;e well ordered. His civil and familiar carriage gained him the affection of all peo|ple; and his good intentions towards the Peace, made him to be equally re&s;pected by all the Amba&s;&s;adors.</P>
<P>Next day after his arrival, the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors &s;ent three Gentlemen together, to te&s;tifie the joy they had for his happy ar|rival, and to offer him all the civilities they were able to perform, impatiently expect|ing a fit time to come and &s;alute him in per&s;on. The three Gentlemen were recei|ved by the Nuncio according to the cu|&s;tom of <HI>Italy,</HI> in the Chamber of Audience, upon three elbow-chairs. They &s;poke co|vered, and were conducted by the Nuncio as far as the dore of the outer anti-cham|ber that looked into the Court. The &s;ame honour was done to the Gentleman that render'd that compliment on his part; and the day following after noon the three Am|ba&s;&s;adors of <HI>France</HI> went &s;everally to vi&s;it the Nuncio <HI>incognito</HI> and on foot, his hou&s;e being di&s;tant but a few &s;teps from thence;
<PB N="61" REF="36">yet they were followed by all their &s;er|vants. The Emperors Amba&s;&s;adors were there al&s;o in the morning <HI>incognito.</HI></P>
<P>On the fifth of <HI>June,</HI> the Nuncio gave notice of his arrival to the two Amba&s;&s;a|dors of the Emperor, who had their pub|lick audience at five of the clock after|noon; and to the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors, who vi&s;ited him at &s;even of the clock, with a train of &s;even Coaches and &s;ix hor&s;es a piece. The Towns-people were very curi|ous to &s;ee &s;uch ceremonies, but much more for this, being impatient to &s;ee how a Nun|cio of the Pope looked. The Burgoma&s;ters of the Town, and a great number of other per&s;ons placed them&s;elves in the Windows of the Neighbouring hou&s;es to &s;ee him at his gate, whil&s;t he received and re-conduct|ed the Amba&s;&s;adors to their Coaches. He was in a plain long purple habit lined with &s;carlet, and carried a Cro&s;s of Diamonds; but he was cloathed commonly in a &s;hort habit. No body wondered at the curio&s;ity of that people, &s;eeing it was a very extra|ordinary thing to &s;ee a Pope's Nunior<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters"> a Prote&s;tant Town. The Countrey people, both Prote&s;tant and Catholick, came flock|ing to <HI>Nimueguen</HI> for that end; the&s;e found their &s;piritual con&s;olation, and tho&s;e &s;atisfi|ed the great curio&s;ity they had to &s;ee an
<PB N="62" REF="37">Amba&s;&s;ador &s;ent from the Pope, of whom their Mini&s;ters give them an hideous de|&s;cription.</P>
<P>The Burgoma&s;ters of <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> in con|&s;ideration of the neutrality of the Town, and of the Negotiation of &s;o great a work as that of a general Peace, vi&s;ited the Nun|cio, and offered him all they could do for the free exerci&s;e of the Catholick Religion; but he was &s;atisfied to have a large Chappel only in his hou&s;e, whither Catholicks might freely come, as they did to the <HI>French</HI> Am|ba&s;&s;adors Chappel, where &s;ervice was per|formed on Fe&s;tival-days with all the &s;olem|nity that is u&s;ual in Pari&s;h-Churches, having even placed a Bell in the top of a Tower, which was heard over a great part of the Town.</P>
<P>Some days before the arrival of the Nun|cio, a Je&s;uit belonging to the Family of <HI>Don Pedro de Ronquillo,</HI> went about the &s;treets in the habit of his Order; this &s;eem|ed &s;o &s;trange a thing, that it &s;tirred up the curio&s;ity of all the people; and therefore the Magi&s;trates fearing le&s;t &s;uch Novelties might occa&s;ion &s;ome di&s;order, publi&s;hed next day an Order under the pain of cor|poral puni&s;hment, That no body &s;hould &s;ay or do any thing to any per&s;on what&s;oever, whatever Eccle&s;ia&s;tical habit they &s;hould
<PB N="63" REF="37">&s;ee them wear. But Don <HI>Pedro de Ronquillo</HI> thought it not fit that that Je&s;uit &s;hould appear any more abroad in that manner. The Nuncio him&s;elf left two Capucins of his hou&s;hold at <HI>Cleves,</HI> and &s;uffered them not to come until he was a&s;&s;ured that they &s;hould enjoy a full liberty.</P>
<P>Don <HI>Paolo Spinola Doria, Marque&s;s de los Balba&s;es,</HI> fir&s;t Amba&s;&s;ador of <HI>Spain,</HI> arrived at <HI>Nimueguen</HI> the 4th of <HI>June;</HI> and &s;eeing he came from <HI>Germany,</HI> he took pa&s;&s;age down the <HI>Rhine,</HI> as the Nuncio had done. That Amba&s;&s;ador is a <HI>Genoe&s;e,</HI> a Grandee of <HI>Spain,</HI> and Grandchild to the great <HI>Spinola;</HI> he hath been General of the Cavalry of <HI>Milain,</HI> and &s;ince Governour of that State for a time: He came from the Extraordi|nary Emba&s;&s;y of <HI>Vienna,</HI> where he had con|tinued &s;even years. He is a tall lean man, mo&s;t civil, and well bred, and married the Si&s;ter of the Con&s;table of <HI>Colonna.</HI> Their elde&s;t daughter is married to one <HI>Spinola,</HI> Duke of St. <HI>Peter,</HI> one of the riche&s;t Gen|tlemen in <HI>Italy,</HI> and who lived at <HI>Nimue|guen</HI> until the conclu&s;ion of the Treaty. This Amba&s;&s;ador had another Daughter with him, married by Proxy to the Mar|que&s;s <HI>Quintana,</HI> Son to the Pre&s;ident of <HI>Ca|&s;tile.</HI> He had likewi&s;e an only Son ten years old, who was called Duke of <HI>Se&s;to.</HI> This
<PB N="64" REF="38">great Family made a very numerous Train; yet among &s;o many &s;ervants, there were not above five or &s;ix native <HI>Spaniards.</HI></P>
<P>When the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors came to <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> finding that the Catholicks, though under the Dioce&s;s of the Bi&s;hop of <HI>Ruremond,</HI> followed the old &s;tile, according to the practice of <HI>Guelderland,</HI> they re&s;ol|ved likewi&s;e to conform to it. The Catho|licks of the Countrey have a di&s;pen&s;ation &s;o to do, to the end they may celebrate <HI>Ea|&s;ter,</HI> and the chief Fe&s;tivals of the year, at the &s;ame time the Prote&s;tants do, and not appear &s;ingular in a Countrey where they are with much pain and difficulty &s;uffered. The <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors followed the &s;ame &s;tile, that they might not &s;eeem to make a kind of Schi&s;m betwixt them&s;elves and the Catholicks of the Town, and that their Chappel where five or &s;ix Ma&s;&s;es were &s;aid a day, might &s;erve for the devotion of the Catholick people.</P>
<P>The Imperial and <HI>Spani&s;h</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors did not at fir&s;t conform to that &s;tile; but the Nuncio re&s;olved at <HI>Cologn</HI> to follow it, and even kept the Rogations at <HI>Nimue|guen</HI> according to that cu&s;tom. Neverthe|le&s;s next day about ten of the clock at night, he &s;ent to acquaint the French Am|ba&s;&s;adors, That he was to ob&s;erve the New
<PB N="65" REF="38">Stile, according to which the next day was the Vigil of <HI>Penteco&s;t.</HI> The Amba&s;&s;adors &s;ent the Nuncio back word, That having taken the Old Stile upon very pre&s;&s;ing con|&s;iderations, and particularly that they might conform them&s;elves to the Orders of the Bi&s;hop to whom the Catholicks of the place were &s;ubject, they could not leave it off. The Nuncio made an&s;wer, That it was not his intention to oblige any body, and that what he did concerned only his own Family. Neverthele&s;s he altered his opinion eight days after. The <HI>Imperial</HI> and <HI>Spani&s;h</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors, and all the Mini&s;ters of the Catholick Princes, followed the example of the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors, and all the Chap|pels ob&s;erved only one &s;tile.</P>
<P>At that time the Nuncio rendered his vi|&s;its of ceremony to the <HI>Imperial</HI> and <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors on one and the &s;ame day. The <HI>French</HI> met at the hou&s;e of the Mar&s;hal <HI>D' E&s;trades</HI> to receive him, re&s;ting &s;atisfi|ed with that &s;ingle vi&s;it, in&s;tead of having each of them one, as the Nuncio offer'd, though he afterward &s;aw them &s;everally. His Train made a great &s;how; he had three Coaches with &s;ix hor&s;es, and many &s;er|vants in Livery, cloathed after the <HI>Roman</HI> fa&s;hion, with hanging &s;leeves, &s;ome laced all over, and others of Velvet with long cloaks.
<PB N="66" REF="39">But all the other Amba&s;&s;adors had their E|quipage after the <HI>French</HI> Mode.</P>
<P>My Lord <HI>Barclay</HI> having at that time ob|tained leave to return to <HI>England</HI> by rea&s;on of his age and indi&s;po&s;ition, parted from <HI>Nimueguen</HI> the fifth of <HI>June.</HI> The truth is, the Negotiation was at &s;uch a &s;tand, that there was no di&s;cour&s;e of any affairs then, and both Mediators and Amba&s;&s;adors had time to play. At the &s;ame time news came from <HI>England,</HI> that the Parliament being a&s;&s;embled the fourth of <HI>June,</HI> had made a pre&s;&s;ing Addre&s;s to his Maje&s;ty of <HI>Great Britain,</HI> to incline him to make a League offen&s;ive and defen&s;ive with the States of the <HI>&V;nited Provinces,</HI> for oppo&s;ing the pro|gre&s;s of the <HI>French</HI> Conque&s;ts.</P>
<P>The King was di&s;plea&s;ed at this Addre&s;s, and made them an&s;wer, <Q>That it did invade &s;o e&s;&s;ential a Prerogative of the Crown, that the like had never been done but du|ring the Civil Wars. That it did not belong to the Parliament to pre&s;cribe to him what kind of Leagues, and far le&s;s with whom he &s;hould make them. That it &s;eemed ra|ther that he &s;hould engage in it by their permi&s;&s;ion, than at their &s;ollicitation. That foreign Princes might have cau&s;e to doubt whether the Soveraignty was in his per|&s;on, and refu&s;e to treat for the future with
<PB N="67" REF="39">a King that had only the bare name. In a word, that he could not &s;uffer that prero|gative to be invaded, which no con&s;ide|ration &s;hould ever make him to renounce, &s;eeing it was the foundation of the Crown and Government.</Q> And hereupon he di&s;mi&s;|&s;ed the Parliament without having obtained from them the Supplies he demanded for procuring the &s;atisfaction and &s;afety of his &s;ubjects.</P>
<P><HI>June</HI> the 23. the Marque&s;s <HI>de los Balba|&s;es,</HI> who de&s;ired to begin to appear in pub|lick, &s;ent on his own and Colleagues parts to compliment all the Amba&s;&s;adors of the Princes; but the <HI>French</HI> received and ren|dered them the fir&s;t of all. The &s;ub&s;tance of the compliment that was made to every Am|ba&s;&s;ador in particular, by a Gentleman ac|companied with two others, was, That the Amba&s;&s;adors of <HI>Spain</HI> upon their arrival at <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> &s;ent to &s;alute their Excellencies, to te&s;tifie the joy they had to find them&s;elves in &s;o illu&s;trious an A&s;&s;embly, and to have occa&s;ion of treating with per&s;ons of &s;o known worth as their Excellencies were; and that his Ma&s;ter impatiently expected that his Colleagues were in a condition to be treated according to their character, that he might come in per&s;on to te&s;tifie his joy to their Excellencies.</P>
<PB N="68" REF="40">
<P>The Marque&s;s <HI>de los Balba&s;es</HI> gave there|by to under&s;tand, that <HI>Don Pedro de Ron|quillo,</HI> and Mr. <HI>Chri&s;tin,</HI> had not as yet the quality of Amba&s;&s;adors; but it was known that the Court of <HI>Spain</HI> had &s;ent to the Duke <HI>de Villa Hermo&s;a</HI> Plenary Commi&s;&s;ions in divers forms, and left to the Marque&s;s his di&s;po&s;al the characters that he plea&s;ed to give them; but he being no Native <HI>Spaniard,</HI> and being to treat about an af|fair of &s;o great importance for <HI>Spain,</HI> which he well fore&s;aw would not prove advanta|geous for that Crown, it was his intere&s;t, as well as the dignity of his Emba&s;&s;y, that the Court &s;hould authori&s;e his Colleagues, that the event might be the le&s;s laid at his dore.</P>
<P>The <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors &s;ent three Gen|tlemen to return his compliment in the like terms of e&s;teem and civility, whom that Amba&s;&s;ador an&s;wered in <HI>French.</HI> The &s;ame Gentlemen had Orders al&s;o to go wait upon the two other <HI>Spani&s;h</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors, and to compliment them apart. But it be|ing ju&s;t before in&s;inuated, that they had not as yet the character, tho&s;e Gentlemen were adverti&s;ed not to give them the title of <HI>Ex|cellence;</HI> and for that rea&s;on <HI>Din Pedro de Ronquillo</HI> was not at home, th&ocirc; they went twice to his hou&s;e, and at dinner-time. But Mr. <HI>Chri&s;tin</HI> received the compliment with|out the lea&s;t difficulty.</P>
<PB N="69" REF="40">
<P>The Nuncio made no doubt but that if in the fir&s;t &s;teps that the <HI>French</HI> and <HI>Spani|ards</HI> made, there happened any thing that might give di&s;content to the <HI>French,</HI> the Treaty might thereby receive great preju|dice; and therefore for preventing the &s;ame inconveniences to which the conduct of the Imperial Amba&s;&s;adors towards the <HI>French</HI> had given occa&s;ion; he &s;o ordered m<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters">tes, that the carriage of the <HI>Spaniards</HI> &s;hould give the <HI>French</HI> no cau&s;e to complain. So that that Mediator, extremely zealous for the repo&s;e of Chri&s;tendom, hoped that by bringing the <HI>French</HI> and <HI>Spani&s;h</HI> Mini&s;ters to a good and familiar corre&s;pondence to|gether, the affairs of the Peace would the more &s;ucce&s;sfully be promoted.</P>
<P>Though the Marque&s;s <HI>de los Balba&s;es</HI> re|mained &s;till <HI>incognito,</HI> yet the <HI>French</HI> Am|ba&s;&s;adors &s;ent to compliment my Lady Mar|chione&s;s, and to de&s;ire audience of her. They vi&s;ited her &s;eparately, and without much ceremony; and &s;o did all the other Amba&s;&s;adors and their Ladies, expecting till they could render her their publick Vi|&s;its.</P>
<P>Of all the Amba&s;&s;adors Ladies that were at <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> the Marchione&s;s <HI>de los Balba|&s;es</HI> was the only Lady that &s;poke not <HI>French;</HI> but &s;eeing &s;he under&s;tood a little
<PB N="70" REF="41">of it, and that the other Ladies had no great difficulty to under&s;tand <HI>Italian</HI> from conver&s;ation and play, they had no need of any Interpreter.</P>
<P>The progre&s;s that the <HI>French</HI> Tongue had made in foreign Countreys, appeared at <HI>Nimueguen;</HI> for there was no Amba&s;&s;adors hou&s;e where it was not almo&s;t as common as their Mother-tongue. Be&s;ides, it became &s;o nece&s;&s;ary, that the Amba&s;&s;adors of <HI>Eng|land, Germany, Denmark,</HI> and other Nati|ons, held all their Conferences in <HI>French.</HI> The two <HI>Dani&s;h</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors agreed, that even their common Di&s;patches &s;hould be made in that tongue, becau&s;e Count <HI>Antho|ny</HI> of <HI>Oldembourg</HI> &s;poke good <HI>High Dutch,</HI> but not a word of <HI>Danes,</HI> which his Collegue did. In&s;omuch that during the whole cour&s;e of the Treaty of Peace, nothing hardly but <HI>French</HI> Writings appeared, &s;trangers chu&s;ing rather to expre&s;s them&s;elves in <HI>French</HI> in their publick ceremonies, than to write in a language that was not &s;o much in u&s;e as it.</P>
</DIV2>
<DIV2 TYPE="section">
<P><HI>July</HI> 1677. The A&s;&s;embly now beginning to be formed, and many &s;trangers being with the Amba&s;&s;adors at <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> the Mediators on the &s;econd of <HI>July</HI> thought fit to renew the Writing that was &s;poken of
<PB N="71" REF="41">before, concerning the means of avoiding the inconveniencies which might happen upon the meeting of Coaches: they like|wi&s;e intreated the Amba&s;&s;adors to command their Gentlemen upon &s;evere penalties not to fight any Duels, and all their &s;ervants not to make any di&s;order in the Town nei|ther by day nor by night. This was appro|ved hy all the Amba&s;&s;adors, becau&s;e of &s;ome Duels that had been already fought. The Nuncio, who was no le&s;s zealons for pre&s;ervation of peace among&s;t the families, which were to procure a general peace to all <HI>Europe,</HI> made a like Writing in <HI>Italian,</HI> which was &s;igned by the Amba&s;&s;adors in the &s;ame manner as that of the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Media|tors was.</P>
<P>In th<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter"> mean time the Confederates rai&s;ed all their Batteries in <HI>England,</HI> and were not di&s;couraged. Their Mini&s;ters made new in|&s;tances to the King of <HI>Great Britain,</HI> That it would plea&s;e him to recall the Forces that he had in the <HI>French</HI> Service; repre|&s;enting to him that they were the cau&s;e of the lo&s;s of <HI>Mont-ca&s;&s;el.</HI> His Maje&s;ty made them an&s;wer, That in that Engagement there were none of his &s;ubjects in the <HI>French</HI> Army, but the &s;ingle troop of the <HI>Engli&s;h Gen d'arms,</HI> wherein there were but &s;even|teen <HI>Engli&s;h,</HI> all the re&s;t being <HI>French;</HI> and
<PB N="72" REF="42">that on the contrary, the <HI>Dutch</HI> had two Regiments of <HI>Scots,</HI> who had behaved them&s;elves better in that action, than any others of the whole Army. That be&s;ides, he could not recall his Forces from the <HI>French</HI> Service without declaring War a|gain&s;t <HI>France,</HI> &s;eeing he had &s;ent them thi|ther before he was received to be Media|tor; and that de&s;iring to retain that quali|ty, and only labour to procure peace, he could not recall the one, unle&s;s he likewi&s;e at the &s;ame time recall the others that he had in their &s;ervice.</P>
<P>The Confederates had nothing to &s;ay to &s;o ju&s;t and rea&s;onable an an&s;wer as that was; and they found them&s;elves di&s;appoint|ed of their hopes, &s;eeing that that power|ful <HI>German</HI> Army that was to enter into <HI>France,</HI> was put to a &s;tand on the frontier by the Forces which the Mar&s;hal <HI>de Crequi</HI> commanded; and &s;o di&s;tre&s;&s;ed for want of provi&s;ions, and the parties of the neigh|bouring Gari&s;ons, that it was obliged to re|treat. They conceived al&s;o &s;o great jealou|&s;ie of the King of <HI>England</HI>'s equipping of a Fleet, that they were in doubt whether on that &s;ide they had not as great cau&s;e to fear as to hope.</P>
<P>On the 13th of <HI>July</HI> there was an extra|ordinary Courier from <HI>England,</HI> having Or|ders
<PB N="73" REF="42">to Amba&s;&s;ador <HI>Temple</HI> to repair forth|with to <HI>London;</HI> and accordingly on the fifteenth about five a clock in the morning, he embarqued for that Voyage. Every one had his &s;everal rea&s;ons concerning the ha&s;ty departure of that Mediator, and could not agree whether it was a good or bad pre&s;age for the de&s;ired peace.</P>
<P>On the 16. the Marque&s;s <HI>de los Balba&s;es</HI> returned from <HI>Holland,</HI> not well &s;atisfied with the people of <HI>Am&s;terdam,</HI> from whom he received not that favourable reception which he expected, by rea&s;on of an opini|on which that people had, that the <HI>Spani|ards</HI> for their own particular intere&s;ts were the only cau&s;e of the continuance of the War.</P>
<P>Mr. <HI>&V;lkens,</HI> Envoy from the Duke of <HI>Hol&s;tein-Gottorp,</HI> a Prince in League with the King of <HI>Sweden,</HI> and who hath been di&s;po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ed of his Territories by the King of <HI>Denmark,</HI> rendered his fir&s;t Vi&s;its to the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors on the third of <HI>Au|gu&s;t,</HI> and the &s;ame day the Count of <HI>Kinski</HI> and Mr. <HI>Stratman</HI> the Imperial Amba&s;&s;adors, vi&s;ited publickly the Amba&s;&s;adors of <HI>Spain,</HI> who returned the Vi&s;it the &s;ame day.</P>
<P>The Nuncio ought to have been di&s;&s;atis|fied at tho&s;e publick Vi&s;its made before the performance of that which was due to him,
<PB N="74" REF="43">as Mediator and Nuncio of the Pope; Be|&s;ides, the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors declared, that at the very in&s;tant that the civility which was due to the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors as Me|diators, was not rendered to them, and that the Amba&s;&s;adors of that Crown &s;uffered tho&s;e of the Emperour to have the prece|dency, they would likewi&s;e re-a&s;&s;ume the rank which they pretended to be their due, without any re&s;pect to the Mediation: Wherefore the Amba&s;&s;adors of <HI>Spain</HI> gave in writing to the Nuncio, and wrote a Let|ter to Sir <HI>Lionel Jenkins,</HI> declaring in both, that they followed a cu&s;tom e&s;tabli&s;hed be|twixt the two branches of the hou&s;e of <HI>Au&s;tria,</HI> which rendered the&s;e Vi&s;its becau&s;e of kindred; and that the&s;e Vi&s;its made be|fore the notification of arrival, were not of any con&s;equence.</P>
<P>The Nuncio and Amba&s;&s;ador <HI>Jenkins</HI> gave Copies of tho&s;e Declarations to the Amba&s;&s;adors of <HI>France,</HI> and in&s;erted them in the Memoirs of the Mediation.</P>
<P>On the fourth, the Amba&s;&s;adors of <HI>Spain</HI> having given notice of their arrival, were vi&s;ited by the Nuncio; Sir <HI>Lionel Jenkins</HI> who was then the &s;ole <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Mediator rendered them his Vi&s;it immediately after and next were the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors all three together with their u&s;ual attendance
<PB N="75" REF="43">The Amba&s;&s;odor of <HI>Denmark,</HI> who always &s;trove not to be the la&s;t, had his audience the &s;ame evening, and all the other Am|ba&s;&s;adors vi&s;ited them next day.</P>
<P>Seeing C. <HI>Anthony</HI> of <HI>Oldenbourg</HI> was not come to <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> though his hou&s;e had been kept long in readine&s;s for him, Mr. <HI>Pet|kum</HI> &s;tept into Office, he took the Chara|cter of Envoy of <HI>Denmark,</HI> and in that quality vi&s;ited all the Amba&s;&s;adors, which he retained during the whole cour&s;e of the Treaty, having &s;igned the Memoirs that were given in by the Amba&s;&s;ador of his <HI>Dani&s;h</HI> Maje&s;ty.</P>
<P>On the &s;ixth the Amba&s;&s;ador of <HI>Spain</HI> vi&s;ited the Mediators, and the &s;ame day de|manded Audience of the Amba&s;&s;adors of <HI>France,</HI> who were all three at the hou&s;e of the Mare&s;hal <HI>d' E&s;trades,</HI> and there recei|ved them at three of the Clock in the after|noon; their Train was numerous, and had no le&s;s than nine Coaches with &s;ix hor&s;es apiece. The five fir&s;t Coaches were for their retinue; the three Coaches for the thre<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter"> Amba&s;&s;adors came after, in the third <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 word"> which that belonged to the M<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 span"> <HI>Balba&s;es,</HI> were they all together <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 span"> there taking the place; the ninth <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 span"> Coach of the Duke of St. <HI>Peter,</HI> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 span"> he had the young Duke of <HI>Se&s;to</HI> there,
<PB N="76" REF="44">the Coach-hor&s;es of the Marque&s;s <HI>de los Balba&s;es</HI> being young, the Coach-man dur&s;t not entangle him&s;elf in the Court of the Mare&s;hal <HI>d' E&s;trades</HI> his hou&s;e, becau&s;e it was but &s;mall; and therefore the <HI>French</HI> Am|ba&s;&s;adors went out to receive the <HI>Spani&s;h</HI> at the Street-gate; the retinue of the Gentle|men were ranked into two files in the Chamber of Audience, becau&s;e the &s;ame had been done by the <HI>Spaniards;</HI> but the Pages according to the u&s;ual cu&s;tom &s;et the Chairs, the Gentlemen having done &s;o to none but the Nuncio, becau&s;e it was &s;o practi&s;ed at his hou&s;e. After that common Vi&s;it, the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors &s;everally vi|&s;ited each of the <HI>Spani&s;h</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors apart, and their Vi&s;its were returned in the &s;ame manner.</P>
<P>The Confederates did not as yet lo&s;e the hopes that they built on the <HI>German</HI> Army commanded by the Duke of <HI>Lorrain,</HI> who that he might employ tho&s;e great forces in &s;ome remarkable action, was advanced as far as <HI>Mou&s;on,</HI> the fortifications whereof <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 span"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters">fore razed; there he took his <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 span"> de&s;igned to pa&s;s the <HI>Meu&s;e,</HI> and <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 span"> <HI>Champaign;</HI> but he dur&s;t not ha|<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="3 letters"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 span"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">er, becau&s;e the Mare&s;hal <HI>de Crequi</HI> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 span"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters">ly ob&s;erved his motion. All the pro|<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters">dings of the Duke of <HI>Lorrain</HI> were only
<PB N="77" REF="44">to favour the de&s;igns of the Prince of <HI>Orange,</HI> and to join his Army if he had &s;uc|ceeded in the enterprize which he was go|ing to attempt on <HI>Charleroy.</HI></P>
<P>Then it was that the Con&s;ultations which were held at <HI>We&s;el</HI> began to break out. The Prince of <HI>Orange,</HI> who during the whole cour&s;e of this War &s;eemed always to have great de&s;igns, marched with the forces of <HI>Holland, Spain, Zell</HI> and <HI>Mun&s;ter,</HI> which he commanded, to inve&s;t <HI>Charleroy,</HI> where he made his Lines, and a&s;&s;igned his Quarters. Several <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Gentlemen came and offered their &s;ervice to the Prince, who &s;eeing no Army in readine&s;s, promi&s;ed him&s;elf better &s;ucce&s;s in that Siege than he had had the fir&s;t time that he attempted it. But he was out in his mea&s;ures; for <HI>Mon&s;ieur de Louvois</HI> who fore&s;aw the de&s;ign, in a few days put a powerful Army into the field, and was him&s;elf in per&s;on in a po&s;ture of coming to action. Many Gentlemen of the Court went thither by Po&s;t; and many <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Gen|tlemen were there al&s;o to &s;ignalize them|&s;elves upon that occa&s;ion; in &s;o much that the Prince of <HI>Orange</HI> &s;eeing his hopes eva|ni&s;hed, thought fit to draw off on the four|teenth, and the Duke of <HI>Lorrain</HI> having advice thereof, left <HI>Mou&s;on</HI> the &s;ame day, and marched in ha&s;te beyond <HI>Treves</HI> During
<PB N="78" REF="45">the whole time that that Prince encamped on the <HI>Meu&s;e,</HI> the <HI>Mare&s;hal de Crequi</HI> watch|ed him &s;o clo&s;e, and &s;o incommoded him, that without fighting he ruined his Army. In effect &s;ince that time the Imperial Army appeared only on the defen&s;ive.</P>
<P>About this time the Bi&s;hop of <HI>Gurck</HI> ar|rived at <HI>Nimueguen;</HI> the dignity of that Prelate, whom his Servants without Cere|mony called my Lord the Prince, and the quality of chief of the Imperial Emba&s;&s;y, gave him without contradiction, the fir&s;t rank among the Mini&s;ters of the Confede|rates. The <HI>Spaniards</HI> in&s;tantly vi&s;ited him, and he returned the vi&s;it the &s;ame day; but he was obliged to give the Mediators and <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors a Declaration in the &s;ame form, as tho&s;e of <HI>Spain</HI> gave when they vi&s;ited the Imperial Amba&s;&s;adors, to the end that that particular cu&s;tom might be &s;till without prejudice to the honour that the other Amba&s;&s;adors rendered the Medi|ators, and to the preference which is pre|tended to by <HI>France.</HI></P>
<P><HI>Sept.</HI> 1677, that Prelate gave notice of his arrival to the Mediators and <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors on the third of <HI>September.</HI> The Nuncio and Amba&s;&s;adour <HI>Jenkins</HI> vi&s;ited him in the morning, and the <HI>French</HI> Am|ba&s;&s;adours having &s;ent three Gentlemen to
<PB N="79" REF="45">demand Audience, rendered him their vi&s;it at three of the Clock afternoon, with a &s;plendid train of Coaches which marched in this order. The three fir&s;t were filled with Gentlemen, the three Coaches of the body followed, the Amba&s;&s;adors being in the la&s;t, and a &s;eventh Coach belonging to the <HI>Mare&s;hal d' E&s;trades</HI> came la&s;t of all. All the other Amba&s;&s;adors almo&s;t, rendered their Vi&s;its the &s;ame day to the Bi&s;hop of <HI>Gurck,</HI> who next day vi&s;ited the Nuncio, and Amba&s;&s;ador <HI>Jenkins</HI> in the morning, and after dinner was with the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;a|dors, who received him all three together at the hou&s;e of the <HI>Mare&s;hal d' E&s;trades.</HI></P>
<P>The Bi&s;hop and Prince of <HI>Gurck,</HI> former|ly Baron of <HI>Goes,</HI> had the reputation of a great Negotiator, &s;eeing the dignity to which he was rai&s;ed, was the reward of the &s;ervices which he had rendered the Empe|rour in &s;everal Negotiations; but when it was perceived that his Talent lay only in making long and rambling &s;peeches, &s;tuffed with an infinite number of Que&s;tions, and remote Suppo&s;itions, which tended only to pump tho&s;e with whom he di&s;cour&s;ed, with|out ever &s;peaking his thoughts clearly, the able Mini&s;ters were &s;oon weary of his long Vi&s;its, which la&s;ted always three hours at lea&s;t. He &s;eemed &s;o irre&s;olute in the mo&s;t
<PB N="80" REF="46">pre&s;&s;ing conjunctures, that that was no &s;mall ob&s;tacle to the conclu&s;ion of the peace of the Empire. There was never any good under&s;tanding betwixt him and his Col|league the Count of <HI>Kinski,</HI> nor the Mar|que&s;s <HI>de los Balba&s;es.</HI> His allowance was 3400 <HI>German</HI> Florins a Month, and he had always &s;everal per&s;ons of Quality in his Re|tinue.</P>
<P>Count <HI>Anthony</HI> of <HI>Oldembourg</HI> arrived at <HI>Nimueguen</HI> on the &s;eventh of <HI>September;</HI> but as he was preparing to give the Mediators and all the other Amba&s;&s;adors notice of his arrival, the Imperial Mini&s;ters acquainted him that they expected to be preferred be|fore the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Mediators. That Amba&s;&s;a|dor perceiving this to be contrary to the cu&s;tom that was e&s;tabli&s;hed at <HI>Cologn,</HI> would not con&s;ent to the Imperial preten&s;i|ons. He well fore&s;aw that not only the Me|diators would not have admitted his Vi&s;it, but likewi&s;e the <HI>French</HI> and all the other Amba&s;&s;adors who maintained the honour of the Mediation; and therefore he gave no notice of his arrival, gave nor received no Vi&s;it, and continued &s;till <HI>incognito</HI> at <HI>Nimue|guen;</HI> but that hindered not but that he met at conferences, and e&s;pecially at all pla|ces where they played.</P>
<PB N="81" REF="46">
<P>That Count is the Natural Son of the la&s;t Count of that name; to whom the King of <HI>Denmark</HI> was heir, as being of the &s;ame family; but the pre&s;ent Count hath obtai|ned a va&s;t E&s;tate from his Maje&s;ty, with the Government of the County of <HI>Oldembourg;</HI> he is of the Order of the <HI>Elephant,</HI> and ve|ry hand&s;ome; his pre&s;ence, courage, rich equipage, and va&s;t expence &s;hewed him to be a great per&s;on; but his civility and free humour made him beloved of every body; in&s;omuch that the A&s;&s;embly of <HI>Nimueguen</HI> lo&s;t much by his departure, which was eight months after his arrival.</P>
<P>The end of the Campagn drawing now near, the Confederates did not think that the <HI>French</HI> forces would effect any con&s;i|derable Enterprize. Neverthele&s;s the Mare|&s;hal <HI>de Crequi</HI> a&s;&s;ured the King that he would make him Ma&s;ter of <HI>Fribourg,</HI> if his Ma|je&s;ty plea&s;ed. The de&s;ign appeared extream|ly difficult. But the Mare&s;hal having ob|tained permi&s;&s;ion, and all that was nece&s;&s;ary for carrying on &s;o great an Enterprize, en|deavoured to make the Duke of <HI>Lorrain</HI> believe that he intended &s;ome de&s;ign upon <HI>Sarbruck,</HI> and at the &s;ame time made a con|&s;iderable body of men pa&s;s the <HI>Rhine</HI> at <HI>Bri&s;ac,</HI> which on the ninth of <HI>October</HI> in|ve&s;ted <HI>Fribourg,</HI> and marching thither in
<PB N="82" REF="47">great ha&s;te, he forced the place to render, before that the Duke of <HI>Lorrain</HI> could come in time to relieve it.</P>
</DIV2>
<DIV2 TYPE="section">
<P><HI>Octob.</HI> 1677, &s;uch was the con&s;ternation at <HI>Nimueguen</HI> among the <HI>Germans,</HI> and all the Mini&s;ters of the Confederates, that even af|ter the taking of that place, they could hardly believe that the Mare&s;hal <HI>de Crequi</HI> dur&s;t have undertaken the &s;iege. <HI>Fribourg</HI> has a Cittadel &s;trong by &s;ituation and for|tifications; the Town is great and well peopled, becau&s;e of the Univer&s;ity that is there, and the Emperour received a very con&s;iderable revenue from it; but the con&s;equence of that conque&s;t was better known afterwards than at that time.</P>
<P>The Voyage that the Prince of <HI>Orange</HI> was preparing to make into <HI>England,</HI> gave ground of various conjectures. On the 17 of <HI>Octob.</HI> he Embarked at the <HI>Brill,</HI> being accompanied with the chief of his Family, and the <HI>Heer Odyke</HI> the Extraordinary Am|ba&s;&s;ador of the States-General, who had not, as it was given out, given him a full power to conclude a Peace, or make a new League. On the 19th. the Prince arrived in <HI>England,</HI> where his Marriage with the Prince&s;s <HI>Mary,</HI> Elde&s;t Daughter to his Royal Highne&s;s the Duke of <HI>York,</HI> was
<PB N="83" REF="47">carried on &s;o &s;ecretly, that the fir&s;t news that they had of it at Court was the con|clu&s;ion thereof.</P>
<P>The news of this Marriage came to <HI>Ni|mueguen</HI> the 29th. and &s;eeing all the Con|federates began to hope more than ever, that <HI>England</HI> would not be long before it declared in their favours, they made no more doubt of it after this Marriage. And therefore all the Mini&s;ters of the Confede|rates complimented thereupon Amba&s;&s;ador <HI>Jenkins,</HI> and my Lady <HI>Temple</HI> al&s;o, who remained at <HI>Nimueguen</HI> after the departure of her Husband, of which no man doubted but that the Marriage of the Prince of <HI>Orange</HI> was the cau&s;e, whereof till then they were ignorant.</P>
<P>The affairs of the North went daily wor&s;e and wor&s;e for the <HI>Suedes,</HI> e&s;pecially in <HI>Pomerania; Stetin</HI> was be&s;ieged from the beginning of Summer, and was extream|ly &s;traitned. The <HI>Danes</HI> had taken the I&s;le of <HI>Rugen.</HI> And though Count <HI>Koning&s;|mark</HI> routed them there, and beat them wholly out of it, yet the Town of <HI>Stetin</HI> deprived of all kind of relief, and out of hopes of receiving any, was at length for|ced to render to the Elector of <HI>Branden|bourg,</HI> having given demon&s;trations of great Lovalty to <HI>Sueden,</HI> and left to po&s;terity an
<PB N="84" REF="48">extraordinary in&s;tance of con&s;tancy and re&s;olution.</P>
<P>Affairs were wholly at a &s;tand at <HI>Nimue|guen;</HI> there was no meeting but for Play, Dancing and Collations, at the hou&s;es of the Amba&s;&s;adors of <HI>France, Spain, Sueden</HI> and <HI>Denmark;</HI> but the League which was &s;igned at the <HI>Hague</HI> the tenth of <HI>Jan.</HI> 1677/8;, betwixt <HI>England</HI> and the States-Ge|neral, to oblige the <HI>French</HI> King to make Peace on the terms they had agreed upon, made all the Confederates hope that the countenance of affairs would quickly change to their advantage, and that <HI>France</HI> would be at length forced to &s;toop, or be overpowred by the multitude of enemies.</P>
</DIV2>
<DIV2 TYPE="section">
<P><HI>England</HI> in effect &s;eemed inclined to an open declaration, and the King thought it not &s;it any longer to reject the &s;ollicitations of his Parliament; wherefore he made a Speech to them in a quite different &s;train from that which was mentioned before; he acquainted the two Hou&s;es with the League that he had made with the States-General for the pre&s;ervation of <HI>Flanders,</HI> and ob|liging tho&s;e to a Peace who would not ac|cept of the conditions that they had judged rea&s;onable. He laid before them the nece&s;|&s;ity of money for compa&s;&s;ing tho&s;e great
<PB N="85" REF="48">de&s;igns. He gave them &s;ome account of the moneys which he had received for the buil|ding and equipping of Ships; and con&s;en|ted that the Supplies which the Parliament did give upon this occa&s;ion &s;hould be laid out by &s;uch per&s;ons as they &s;hould nomi|nate. But of all things his Maje&s;ty put them in mind of the advantages which <HI>England</HI> had reaped, and &s;till did reap from the peace it enjoyed, whil&s;t all <HI>Europe</HI> be&s;ides were in actual War.</P>
<P>For pre&s;erving &s;o much happy &s;ucce&s;s, it was nece&s;&s;ary that the <HI>French</HI> &s;hould be &s;till pro&s;perous; and that by breaking the mea|&s;ures of the Confederates, they might make their Amba&s;&s;adors change their tone. The taking of the I&s;le of <HI>Tobago,</HI> of all the Ve&s;|&s;els that were in that Port, and the Am|munition which was in the fort; the death of <HI>Binkes</HI> Admiral of <HI>Zealand,</HI> and the ut|ter ruin of that Colony, were &s;en&s;ible blows to the States-General; as the taking of St. <HI>Guillain</HI> during the rigor of Fro&s;t and Snow had terrified the <HI>Low-countries.</HI> By the&s;e means the <HI>French</HI> King thought he might overthrow the projects of his Enemies.</P>
</DIV2>
<DIV2 TYPE="section">
<P><HI>Febr.</HI> 167/8, Mon&s;ieur <HI>de Somnitz</HI> Am|ba&s;&s;ador and Plenipotentiary from the Ele|ctor of <HI>Brandenbourg</HI> on <HI>February</HI> 25. died
<PB N="86" REF="49">at <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> in the &s;ixty and &s;ixth year of his age. He was a fat man, of great judg|ment, and had done his Ma&s;ter very good &s;ervice in &s;everal imployments. Mr. <HI>de Bla&s;|piel</HI> his Colleague remained &s;ole Amba&s;&s;ador at <HI>Nimueguen;</HI> he is as hone&s;t and civil a man as lives, and loves company and good cheer; but his be&s;t quality is, that he per|fectly under&s;tands the intere&s;ts of the Ele|ctor his Ma&s;ter, and is wholly devoted there|unto.</P>
<P>The Elector of <HI>Brandenbourg</HI> having de|frayed the charges of his Amba&s;&s;adors, by a Steward of the Emba&s;&s;ie, which for the fir&s;t year amounted to forty thou&s;and Crowns, their allowances were regulated for the future.</P>
<P>In the mean time the <HI>French</HI> King began the Campagn with his whole Hou&s;hold, which never appeared in better order, nor richer Equipage; but the better to cover the de&s;ign which he intended, he carried with him the Queen and all the Ladies of Court as far as <HI>Metz,</HI> whil&s;t &s;everal bodies of his Armies kept at the &s;ame time <HI>Lux|embourg, Namur, Charlemont, M<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">ns</HI> and <HI>Ypres,</HI> the be&s;t provided places of the <HI>Low-countries,</HI> as it were blocked up; in &s;o much that the Confederate-forces being divided for the pre&s;ervation of the&s;e Towns, were
<PB N="87" REF="49">in no condition to bring relief to any of them.</P>
</DIV2>
<DIV2 TYPE="section">
<P><HI>March</HI> 1677/8, the <HI>French</HI> them|&s;elves were no le&s;s &s;urprized than all the Confederates were, when the King leaving the Queen, cro&s;&s;ed &s;o many Countrys, in &s;o great ha&s;te, that on the fourth of <HI>March</HI> he came before <HI>Ghent,</HI> which by orders from him was inve&s;ted the fir&s;t of that month. The be&s;ieged to no purpo&s;e cut their Dikes, and drowned part of the Coun|try; for the King lodged his forces, and pre&s;&s;ed &s;o vigorou&s;ly the &s;iege, that in a few days the Town and Cittadel were both carried.</P>
<P>It is hard to be expre&s;&s;ed what trouble the taking of <HI>Ghent</HI> put all <HI>Holland</HI> into: They &s;aw to their a&s;toni&s;hment that the <HI>French</HI> who were remote on the one &s;ide, approached on the other. At <HI>London</HI> all the Confederates exaggerated the importance of that lo&s;s, that they might excite <HI>England</HI> to a &s;peedy and open declaration; whil&s;t the <HI>French</HI> King pur&s;uing his conque&s;ts, cau&s;ed <HI>Ypres</HI> to be be&s;ieged on the 15 of <HI>March,</HI> and in a few days took it, though the Gari&s;on made a brave re&s;i&s;tance.</P>
<P>The Treaty was now more than ever damped at <HI>Nimueguen;</HI> &s;o great pro&s;perities
<PB N="88" REF="50">&s;topt the mouths of all the Confederates Amba&s;&s;adors, though the <HI>French</HI> &s;eemed nothing elevated thereby. The &s;ame pro&s;|perities had great impre&s;&s;ions on <HI>Holland;</HI> the people tired out with the War, and a|larmed by the conque&s;ts that were made on their frontiers, minded nothing but peace. They reflected on the flouri&s;hing condition that the United Provinces were in before the War; they &s;aw their Trea&s;ure exhau&s;t|ed, and the inhabitants unable any longer to &s;upport the great Impo&s;itions and Taxes of the Two hundred peny, which had been rai&s;ed &s;even times in one year. And there|fore the <HI>Heer Beverning</HI> pre&s;&s;ingly urged the Amba&s;&s;adors of the Confederates, being vexed to &s;ee them &s;till flatter them&s;elves with vain hopes, when the only refuge they now had was the declaration of <HI>England;</HI> and indeed that was the thing they wholly applied them&s;elves to, without advancing one &s;tep towards the peace.</P>
<P>Mr. <HI>Oliver Krantz,</HI> who the year before went into <HI>Suedeland</HI> to receive new In&s;tru|ctions from the King his Ma&s;ter, with whom the <HI>Danes</HI> hindered the commerce of Let|ters, was come back to <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> where he found affairs as backward as when he parted from thence; and be&s;ides a great drine&s;s betwixt his Colleague and the <HI>French</HI>
<PB N="89" REF="50">Amba&s;&s;adors, by rea&s;on of a difference that had happened between the Counte&s;s of <HI>Oxen&s;tierne</HI> and Madam <HI>Colbert;</HI> the Coun|te&s;s after her Lving-in having been plea&s;ed to render her fir&s;t vi&s;it to the Amba&s;&s;ador of <HI>Spain</HI>'s Lady.</P>
<P>That procedure offended Madam <HI>Colbert,</HI> who twice afterward refu&s;ed the vi&s;it of my Lady <HI>Oxen&s;tierne,</HI> upon pretext of feign|ed indi&s;po&s;itions, which hinder'd her not at the &s;ame time to receive the vi&s;its of &s;e|veral other Ladies. This publi&s;hed the ground of the difference, which might ea|&s;ily have been adju&s;ted, had it happened between per&s;ons of other humours, of whom the gravity of the one, and the frank humour of the other would hardly agree together. And that was the rea&s;on that the difference of tho&s;e two Ladies, and the drine&s;s betwixt the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors, and the fir&s;t Amba&s;&s;ador of <HI>Sueden,</HI> la&s;ted even till the end of the Treaty.</P>
<P>The Tragical death of the Amba&s;&s;ador of <HI>Denmark</HI>'s Ladies brother, was al&s;o the cau&s;e that that Lady vi&s;ited my Lady <HI>Oxen|&s;tierne</HI> no more. Her brother had a Settle|ment in <HI>Scho<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">en,</HI> where he was accu&s;ed of keeping inte<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters">igence with the <HI>Danes</HI> again&s;t the &s;ervice o<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter"> <HI>Sueden:</HI> he was brought be|fore a Council of War, and there &s;entenced
<PB N="90" REF="51">to be &s;hot to death by four En&s;igns. The King of <HI>Sueden</HI> offered him a pardon if he would have acknowledged him&s;elf guilty of Trea&s;on; but the poor Gentleman cho&s;e rather to dye, and with extraordinary ge|nero&s;ity cau&s;ed fifty Ducats a piece to be given to the four En&s;igns that &s;hot him to death. The news of that did &s;o afflict the Amba&s;&s;adors Lady, that afterwards &s;he could not &s;o much as endure the &s;ight of a <HI>Suede.</HI></P>
<P>The Baron of <HI>Platen,</HI> Envoy from the Duke of <HI>O&s;nabrug,</HI> arrived on the 30th at <HI>Nimueguen;</HI> but &s;eeing the Hou&s;e of <HI>Lu|nenbourg</HI> had not obtained the title and rank of Amba&s;&s;ador for their Mini&s;ters, Ba|ron <HI>Platen</HI> thought, that taking the title of Plenipotentiary Mini&s;ter, he might obtain an equality with the Amba&s;&s;adors of the Powers that came after Crowned heads. But he &s;ucceeded not in his preten&s;ions, though by a liberal expence he did his Ma|&s;ter credit.</P>
</DIV2>
<DIV2 TYPE="section">
<P><HI>April</HI> 1678. At the time when there was no t<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">lk at <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> but of the di&s;po&s;i|tion that was in <HI>England</HI> of openly favour|ing the Confederates, and reducing <HI>France</HI> to receive the Law; it may be &s;aid that the <HI>French</HI> King at the &s;ame time gave it to all
<PB N="91" REF="51"><HI>Europe</HI> by the Propo&s;itions that he made the 9th of <HI>April,</HI> wherein he declared the con|ditions on which he was willing to make peace with all tho&s;e with whom he was en|gaged in War; and whereupon his Maje&s;ty fixed as the la&s;t point he would conde&s;cend to, and upon which his Enemies might chu&s;e Peace or War, provided they did it before the tenth of <HI>May,</HI> beyond which time he would not be engaged to &s;tand to tho&s;e conditions.</P>
<P>I will not here in&s;ert a particular relation of the&s;e conditions, neither of the Memoirs of the Treaty, nor of the Treaties that were concluded, becau&s;e they have been already publi&s;hed: I &s;hall only &s;ay, that the Propo&s;itions of the 9th of <HI>April</HI> were the beginning of the Negotiation of peace, and the &s;cantling according to which all the Treaties have been concluded and &s;ign|ed, though at fir&s;t nothing appeared more remote from it, nor yet afterward, until the day that the conditions were in general ac|cepted.</P>
<P>The Imperiali&s;ts of all others &s;eemed the lea&s;t inclined to yeild to tho&s;e conditi|ons.</P>
<P>The fir&s;t which required full &s;atisfaction to be made to <HI>Sueden,</HI> was in&s;upportable to the Northern Princes. The <HI>Spaniards</HI>
<PB N="92" REF="52">and other Confederates found them &s;o hard, that (as they &s;aid) they would hazard all, rather than accept of them: And when the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors carried the&s;e conditi|ons to my Lord Amba&s;&s;ador <HI>Jenkins</HI> to be by him communicated to the Confederates, he made an&s;wer, That he could not do it as Mediator; but that he would acquaint them with them in di&s;cour&s;e, as a matter to which he promi&s;ed no an&s;wer.</P>
<P>That Mediator refu&s;ed to treat on the&s;e Conditions, becau&s;e in the League that on the 10th of <HI>January</HI> was concluded betwixt <HI>England</HI> and <HI>Holland,</HI> the King his Ma&s;ter had made other conditions with the <HI>States-General,</HI> to which they re&s;olved to force <HI>France.</HI> But he did not fore&s;ee, that by re|fu&s;ing to pre&s;ent the <HI>French</HI> Kings Conditi|ons to the Confederates, which would prove the cau&s;e of as many treaties as there were Princes and States engaged in the War; he excluded him&s;elf in effect from the Mediation.</P>
<P>The news came about that time, that the <HI>French</HI> had abandoned <HI>Me&s;&s;ina,</HI> and all their Conque&s;ts in <HI>Sicily.</HI> People were &s;trangely <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters">rpri&s;ed to &s;ee that the <HI>Mare&s;hal de la Fa|<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="4 letters">ade,</HI> who was thought to have been &s;ent into that Kingdom with fre&s;h Forces, upon de&s;ign of &s;ome new enterpri&s;e, was only
<PB N="93" REF="52">gone thither to fetch off the Forces that the King had there. The abandoning of <HI>Si|cily</HI> was imputed to the &s;u&s;pition that the <HI>French</HI> had of <HI>England</HI>'s declaring, where con&s;iderable Levies were already making. Some wondered that the <HI>French</HI> King &s;hould &s;o ea&s;ily abandon a Countrey, the yeilding up of which might have &s;tood him in &s;tead in the Treaty of Peace with <HI>Spain:</HI> O|thers on the contrary thought it more glo|rious for him &s;o to recall the &s;uccour which he was plea&s;ed to give the <HI>Me&s;&s;ine&s;es,</HI> with|out having had any hand in their revolt, than to for&s;ake by a Treaty, people that had implored his protection.</P>
<P>It was not to be doubted, but that the pre&s;ent juncture of affairs would oblige the King to provide again&s;t all accidents; and therefore the <HI>Mar&s;hal de la Favillade,</HI> having declared to the Senate his Maje&s;ties Orders, grounded on the need that he &s;tood in of all his Forces, cau&s;ed his Troops to embark. But many of the <HI>Me&s;&s;ine&s;es</HI> dreading the certain revenge of the <HI>Spaniards,</HI> came in &s;o great number on board of the <HI>French</HI> Fleet, that if there had been more &s;hips there, <HI>Me&s;&s;ina</HI> had been wholly di&s;&s;erted.</P>
</DIV2>
<DIV2 TYPE="section">
<P>The Confederates had their eyes fixed &s;olely upon <HI>England,</HI> as the only place from
<PB N="94" REF="53">whence they might expect any con&s;idera|ble relief. Hence it was that many Amba&s;|&s;adors left <HI>Nimueguen. Don Pedro de Ron|quillo</HI> went to <HI>Bru&s;&s;els</HI> to return no more; but it was thought the rea&s;on was, becau&s;e he would not be inferior to the Marque&s;s <HI>de la Fuentes,</HI> who came as it were only ac|cidentally to <HI>Nimueguen.</HI></P>
<P><HI>Don Pedro de Ronquillo,</HI> who pa&s;&s;ed for one of the &s;harpe&s;t &s;ighted men that was in all that famous A&s;&s;embly, could not forbear to tell a French Gentleman, upon occa&s;ion of the conditions of Peace which the French King had propo&s;ed, That he ad|mired the prudence of that great Prince, and that the &s;ucce&s;s of his conduct would well appear by the nece&s;&s;ity they were like to be brought to, either of making peace, or of maintaining the War alone. The Ba|ron of <HI>Platen,</HI> Envoy of the Prince of <HI>O&s;|nabrug,</HI> went likewi&s;e to <HI>Bru&s;&s;els.</HI> Mr. <HI>Span|heim</HI> on the 27th of <HI>April,</HI> &s;et out for <HI>Eng|land,</HI> with the quality of Envoy Extraor|dinary from the Elector Palatine. The Count of <HI>Oxen&s;tiern</HI> a few days after embarked on the &s;ame de&s;ign. Mr. <HI>Oliver Krantz</HI> &s;oon after did the &s;ame: Which made &s;ome think, that the <HI>Suedes</HI> intended to take other mea&s;ures, fearing le&s;t <HI>France</HI> in the &s;equel might not be powerful enough to buoy up
<PB N="95" REF="53"><HI>Sueden</HI> from the low condition into which it was &s;unk.</P>
<P>Thus from all parts came bellows to blow the fire that was kindling in <HI>England,</HI> and which already threatned <HI>France.</HI> In the mean time the Parliament that was then &s;it|ting, was prorogued until the 9th of <HI>May;</HI> and in the A&s;&s;embly of the States of <HI>Hol|land,</HI> which were at that time met, the Towns were divided as to the continuation of the War. The propo&s;itions which the <HI>French</HI> King made to the <HI>States-General,</HI> &s;eemed &s;o rea&s;onable, that notwith&s;tanding the powerful faction of the ill affected, <HI>Am|&s;terdam, Leyden, Harlem,</HI> and all <HI>North-Holland</HI> were ab&s;olutely for peace.</P>
</DIV2>
<DIV2 TYPE="section">
<P><HI>May,</HI> 1678. The Province of <HI>Holland</HI> being the mo&s;t con&s;iderable of all the re&s;t, always turns the balance of deliberations; &s;o that Deputies were &s;ent to <HI>London</HI> and <HI>Bru&s;&s;els,</HI> to repre&s;ent the impo&s;&s;ibility that the <HI>States-General</HI> were in of continuing the War. And it appears by the three print|ed Memoirs of the Heers <HI>Boreel</HI> and <HI>Weede,</HI> the Extraordinary Deputies of the States to the Duke of <HI>Villa Hermo&s;a,</HI> Governour of the <HI>Spani&s;h Netherlands,</HI> of the 8.14. and 27. of <HI>May,</HI> that the rea&s;ons of that impo&s;&s;ibility were no le&s;s founded on the
<PB N="96" REF="54">power and &s;trength of <HI>France,</HI> than on the weakne&s;s of the <HI>Dutch</HI> and <HI>Spaniards,</HI> and the unprofitablene&s;s of all their efforts. At that time there began to be &s;ome hopes of Peace, what aver&s;ion &s;oever all the Am|ba&s;&s;adors of the Confederates &s;eemed to have to it. The time prefixed by the King was near at hand; and on the fifth of <HI>May</HI> the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors received orders to declare that his Maje&s;ty required that the <HI>Me&s;&s;ine&s;es</HI> who were come for refuge into <HI>France,</HI> &s;hould by the Treaty of Peace with <HI>Spain,</HI> be re&s;tored to, and maintained in the po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ion of their E&s;tates, and that they might di&s;po&s;e of them at their plea&s;ure. The Amba&s;&s;adors were enjoined to in&s;i&s;t upon that point, as a matter that his Maje&s;ty con|cerned him&s;elf much in; but that demand being made after that the conditions were propo&s;ed, it could not create an ob&s;tacle &s;ufficient to hinder the conclu&s;ion of the Peace: Neverthele&s;s it afterward produced a very con&s;iderable difficulty, &s;eeing it la&s;t|ed long after the &s;igning of the Treaty, and was one of the cau&s;es that were alledged of the long delay that <HI>Spain</HI> made in ex|changing the ratifications.</P>
<P>Though it was no new thing to hear of the &s;ucce&s;s of the <HI>French</HI> forces, neverthe|le&s;s men were &s;trangely &s;urprized at the
<PB N="97" REF="54">news which a Courier brought from <HI>Mae|&s;tricht,</HI> that on the &s;ixth of <HI>May</HI> a Detach|ment of that Gari&s;on commanded by the <HI>Sieur de la Breteche,</HI> had &s;urprized the fort of <HI>Leew,</HI> &s;ituated in a Mar&s;h, with a double Ditch well palli&s;ado'd. The barrels of Wax|cloth which were prepared at <HI>Mae&s;tricht</HI> for the Execution of that Enterprize, had not the &s;ucce&s;s that was expected; but forty &s;wimmers joining valour to &s;tratagem, had the greate&s;t &s;hare in that fortunate exploit; in &s;o much that in an hours time the <HI>French</HI> were ma&s;ters of a very &s;trong place, and very ea&s;ie to be maintained.</P>
<P>The States-General in the mean time began &s;eriou&s;ly to reflect on the advantage of making Peace upon the conditions which the <HI>French</HI> King had offered them. The Town of <HI>Am&s;terdam,</HI> which has the &s;ame e&s;teem among&s;t the Towns of <HI>Holland,</HI> that Province has among the other &s;ix, was of that opinion, and backt it vigorou&s;ly; that Town hath always been more inclined to peace than any other, not only becau&s;e it &s;uffered more by the interruption of commerce, but al&s;o becau&s;e it hath been more tender of its liberty, having Magi|&s;trates di&s;intere&s;ted and zealous for the Commonwealth.</P>
<PB N="98" REF="55">
<P><HI>Rotterdam</HI> had its advantage by the con|tinuation of the War, becau&s;e there being but little or no Trade at that time in <HI>Hol|land</HI> but what came by means of the <HI>Engli&s;h,</HI> all was brought to that Port, as to the cen|ter of the Province, and the mo&s;t conveni|ent place for them. Neverthele&s;s one of the mo&s;t con&s;iderable Magi&s;trates of <HI>Rotterdam,</HI> &s;o powerfully a&s;&s;i&s;ted tho&s;e that were well affected towards the Peace, that they gain|ed almo&s;t all the voices of <HI>Holland.</HI> The re&s;t of the Provinces have found it always to be &s;o much their intere&s;t to follow the ex|ample of that Province in matters of grea|te&s;t importance; that they &s;till acknowledg that they owe their la&s;t pre&s;ervation to its prudent conduct. The Provinces of <HI>Guel|derland, &V;tricht</HI> and <HI>Overy&s;&s;el,</HI> in which the Prince of <HI>Orange</HI> has acquired a great au|thority, &s;ince the <HI>French</HI> King for&s;ook his Conque&s;ts there, dur&s;t not openly declare for peace, becau&s;e it evidently appeared to be contrary to the intere&s;ts of that Prince; but they referred them&s;elves to what <HI>Hol|land</HI> &s;hould think fit to be done concerning that great affair.</P>
<P>The effect of all the&s;e Declarations was, That the <HI>Hier Beverning</HI> received orders from the States-General, &s;ecretly to acquaint the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors, that they accep|ted
<PB N="99" REF="55">the conditions which that King was plea&s;ed to grant to them. This Amba&s;&s;ador, that he might act according to the intenti|on of his Superiors, who would not allarm their Allies, gave the Count <HI>d' Avaux</HI> no|tice, that he earne&s;tly de&s;ired to di&s;cour&s;e with him in private; and that for that end, he would fetch a walk alone upon the Ram|part of the Town about &s;even a Clock in the morning, becau&s;e at that time no body would be there. The Count <HI>d' Avaux</HI> fail|ed not to be there, and had an hours con|ference with him, after which he gave his Colleagues an account of the re&s;ult of that di&s;cour&s;e, which gave occa&s;ion to the Di&s;|patches whereby the King was informed of the good di&s;po&s;ition of the States General; in con&s;ideration whereof his Maje&s;ty gran|ted them ten days longer than the tenth of <HI>May,</HI> as they had de&s;ired, that during that time they might endeavour to per&s;wade their Allies to accept of the conditions propo&s;ed, as them&s;elves had done.</P>
<P>The Marque&s;s of <HI>Fuentes</HI> arrived at <HI>Ni|mueguen</HI> the &s;ixth of <HI>May,</HI> he is Son to the Amba&s;&s;ador of the &s;ame name, who was in <HI>France</HI> after the Kings Marriage; he came from <HI>Venice,</HI> where he had re&s;ided Amba&s;&s;a|dor thirteen years; and the Court of <HI>Spain</HI> called him thence, that they might employ
<PB N="100" REF="56">him in <HI>England;</HI> but it was believed that the nature of tho&s;e important affairs which were then treating at <HI>London,</HI> was the cau&s;e why the Duke of <HI>Villa Hermo&s;a</HI> detained him at <HI>Bru&s;&s;els,</HI> that he might &s;end him to <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> there to fill the place of &s;econd Amba&s;&s;ador.</P>
<P>The Peace began to be &s;o certain in <HI>Hol|land,</HI> that the joy of the people appeared in all places, who at the <HI>Hague</HI> expre&s;&s;ed the &s;ame by &s;houting, <HI>God &s;ave the States-General, and the Prince of Orange, the Peace is concluded.</HI> It was not &s;o at <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> where the Confederates were troubled; becau&s;e they &s;aw the effect which the con|ditions offered by the <HI>French</HI> King were like to produce. They declared to the Me|diators, That it was impo&s;&s;ible an affair of &s;o great importance, as that of the Peace, could be re&s;olved and concluded in &s;o &s;hort a time as the <HI>French</HI> King had prefixed.</P>
<P>On the 20 of <HI>May</HI> a Courier brought to <HI>Nimueguen</HI> a copy of the Letter which the <HI>French</HI> King wrote to the States-General from the Camp at St. <HI>Denis.</HI> The 18th the King acquainted them, that with plea&s;ure he was informed, that they had &s;entiments conform to the &s;incere de&s;ire which he had of contributing all that could conduce to the e&s;tabli&s;hing of Peace, whil&s;t he enjoy|ed
<PB N="101" REF="56">the advantages that his Arms had pro|cured to him, and which he might &s;till ex|pect in the &s;equel of the War. By the &s;ame Letter the King granted to the States-Ge|neral the &s;eventh Article of the Treaty of Commerce, about which the Amba&s;&s;adors had not agreed at <HI>Nimueguen;</HI> and that he might fully remove the apprehen&s;ions they were in of the lo&s;s of <HI>Flanders,</HI> his Maje|&s;ty promi&s;ed, That &s;o &s;oon as by a Treaty concluded upon the conditions propo&s;ed, they &s;hould return to his ancient Alliance, and oblige them&s;elves to be Neutral during the cour&s;e of the War; he would &s;till in con&s;ideration of them, grant the &s;ame con|ditions to <HI>Spain,</HI> and that in the mean time he &s;hould not attack any place in the <HI>Low-countries,</HI> but that he &s;hould always be rea|dy to grant them that <HI>Barriere</HI> which they judged &s;o nece&s;&s;ary for their repo&s;e. That if they thought fit to &s;end Deputies unto him, they &s;hould find him in the Neighbourhood of <HI>Ghent</HI> until the twenty-&s;eventh of that Month.</P>
<P>So &s;oon as that Letter came to <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> the Count <HI>d' Avaux</HI> went with two Coaches and all his Retinue, to give the <HI>Dutch</HI> Am|ba&s;&s;adors notice of the &s;ame. The noi&s;e of this Letter, and that publick vi&s;it, which much rejoiced the people, gave an alarm to
<PB N="102" REF="57">the Mini&s;ters of the Confederates. Every one of them di&s;patched Couriers the &s;ame day, clearly perceiving that the conduct of the <HI>French</HI> would infallibly produce the effect which his Maje&s;ty expected from the States-General. This beginning of Negoti|ation gave &s;o large a &s;ubject to the confer|ences of the Confederates, that the meet|ings which for a long time they had held, were at that time doubled.</P>
<P>That Letter of the <HI>French</HI> Kings was the &s;ame day brought to the States-General by a Trumpeter whom his Maje&s;ty &s;ent to the <HI>Hague;</HI> and was there received with all the demon&s;trations of joy. The States after four days con&s;ultation, on the 25th &s;ent their An&s;wer by one of their Trumpeters, whom the Kings Trumpeter conducted to the Camp.</P>
<P>They expre&s;&s;ed in few words the pro|found re&s;pect wherewith they had received the Letter, which his Maje&s;ty had done them the honour to write to them, and te|&s;tified the exceeding joy which they con|ceived from the &s;incere de&s;ire that his Ma|je&s;ty had of contributing to the peace of <HI>Europe;</HI> humbly be&s;eeching him to give credit to the <HI>Hier Beverning</HI> their Extra|ordinary Amba&s;&s;ador, whom they would &s;end to his Maje&s;ty, to inform him how de|&s;irous
<PB N="103" REF="57">they were of giving him fre&s;h a&s;&s;u|rances of their &s;incere intentions for the Peace.</P>
<P>The <HI>Dutch</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors having on the 26th received a copy of the an&s;wer of the States-General, gave it to the <HI>French</HI> Am|ba&s;&s;adors, who &s;ent it to the King by the &s;ame Courier, who brought the copy of his Maje&s;ties Letter to <HI>Nimueguen;</HI> his Maje&s;ty was well &s;atisfied to find therein, that the States-General fully corre&s;ponded with the inclination that he had for the Peace. At the &s;ame time the <HI>Heer Beverning</HI> received or|ders to go within a few days and wait upon the King, that he might be more particu|larly informed of his Maje&s;ties intentions. That Amba&s;&s;ador would willingly have ex|cu&s;ed him&s;elf; but the States Order being renewed, on the 29th he &s;et out from <HI>Ni|mueguen</HI> in Laid-coaches. The reluctancy of the <HI>Heer Beverning</HI> was attributed to the fear he had of di&s;obliging the Prince of <HI>Orange,</HI> who&s;e Intere&s;ts did not admit of the Peace; till that time this Amba&s;&s;ador was reputed a very good <HI>Republican;</HI> but after|ward he was thought wedded to the con|cerns of the Prince of <HI>Orange,</HI> though it could not be affirmed whether fear or incli|nation were the cau&s;e of that engagement. He is a man of a penetrating wit, who
<PB N="104" REF="58">knows what is good, and always pur&s;ues it by ju&s;t means. He is a&s;&s;iduous and painful, and hath been employed by the States in many Emba&s;&s;ies, and in all the Treaties that have been made &s;ince the year 1650; but he loves retirement, and it was not without trouble that he left his Country-hou&s;e near <HI>Leyden,</HI> to come to <HI>Nimueguen.</HI> The <HI>Heer Haren</HI> his Colleague is a Gentleman of <HI>Frie&s;land,</HI> of much credit in that Province, and addicted to the intere&s;ts of the Prince of <HI>Na&s;&s;an,</HI> Governour and Hereditary State|holder of the Provinces of <HI>Frie&s;land</HI> and <HI>Groninguen.</HI></P>
<P>The <HI>Heer Beverning</HI> arrived on the 30th at <HI>Antwerp,</HI> and there found a Trumpeter, who &s;tayed for him to conduct him to the <HI>French</HI> Camp, where having &s;een Mon&s;ieur <HI>de Pompone,</HI> he had Audience of his Mo&s;t Chri&s;tian Maje&s;ty: He found him &s;o &s;incere in his intentions towards the Peace, and &s;o favourably inclined towards the States-Ge|neral, that on the fir&s;t of <HI>June</HI> he left the Camp; but in the account that he gave his Superiors of his Negotiation, he told them that he found the <HI>French</HI> King as well in|formed of the condition of his enemies, and of the places that he might attack, as he was of his own affairs.</P>
<PB N="105" REF="58">
<P>About the &s;ame time the Marque&s;s <HI>de la Fuente</HI> gave notice of his arrival to the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors; but &s;eeing he had al|ready vi&s;ited tho&s;e of the Emperour in pub|lick, without giving the &s;ame declaration that his Colleagues had given to the Media|tors, to whom all the Amba&s;&s;adors gave the precedency, the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors order|ed a Gentleman to tell the per&s;on that came from him, that they could not &s;ee him un|le&s;s he fir&s;t performed what was due to the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> as Mediators. By that the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors obliged Amba&s;&s;ador <HI>Jenkins,</HI> to whom they had given their promi&s;e con|&s;tantly to maintain the honour of the Me|diation.</P>
<P>It was alledged that it was to no purpo&s;e for the Marque&s;s <HI>de la Fuente</HI> to give that particular declaration, &s;ince that in&s;tead of one which might &s;uffice for the three Am|ba&s;&s;adors of <HI>Spain,</HI> they had already given two. But the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors maintain|ed that for the &s;ame rea&s;on they ought to have a third, and that no con&s;ideration &s;hould hinder the Marque&s;s <HI>de la Fuente</HI> from following the example of his Colleagues in that matter; that on the con|trary they had great cau&s;e to wonder, that by &s;uch a refu&s;al he would in &s;ome mea&s;ure &s;eem to condemn their conduct; &s;o that for
<PB N="106" REF="59">want of that declaration the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;|&s;adors &s;aw not the Marque&s;s <HI>de la Fuente</HI> during the whole cour&s;e of the Treaty, un|le&s;s at the meetings of the Ladies, where he u&s;ed to come as the other Amba&s;&s;adors did.</P>
<P>The news from <HI>England</HI> were at that time very tumultuary; they advi&s;ed, that the King of <HI>Great Britain</HI> had Prorogued the Parliament to the third of <HI>June,</HI> pro|mi&s;ing at that time to give them good news of the Peace. Seeing a Prorogation of it &s;elf cuts off all that hath been propo&s;ed and treated in preceding Se&s;&s;ions without being concluded and confirmed, this Pro|rogation put a &s;top to &s;ome pert Addre&s;&s;es which the Hou&s;e of Commons had made to his Maje&s;ty of <HI>Great Britain,</HI> &s;uch as that whereby they de&s;ired the King would de|clare who they were that had coun&s;elled his Maje&s;ty to give the an&s;wers which he made in the mouth of <HI>May</HI> the year before, and in the Month of <HI>January</HI> of the pre|&s;ent.</P>
</DIV2>
<DIV2 TYPE="section">
<P><HI>June</HI> 1678, The Marque&s;s <HI>de la Fuente,</HI> who had not as yet communicated his ple|nary Commi&s;&s;ion, cau&s;ed on the fir&s;t of <HI>June</HI> a copy thereof to be given, which was collationed by the Nuncio's Auditor. The
<PB N="107" REF="59"><HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors found it not to be in the form that it ought to be, becau&s;e all the four Amba&s;&s;adors of <HI>Spain</HI> being named therein, and being <HI>Po&s;teriour</HI> in date to that of the three Amba&s;&s;adors who were appro|ved, it &s;eemed that by that means the <HI>Spani|ards</HI> might di&s;own, when they &s;hould plea&s;e, all that they had done till then, &s;ince that that new plenary commi&s;&s;ion might annul the former. And therefore the <HI>French</HI> Am|ba&s;&s;adors refu&s;ed to accept of it, and pre|tended that the Marque&s;s <HI>de la Fuente</HI> &s;hould have one apart, or that this la&s;t &s;hould be of the &s;ame date with the former, without which they declared that they would not acknowledg him for an Am|ba&s;&s;ador.</P>
<P>In the mean time they were in great im|patience at <HI>Nimueguen</HI> to know what had been the &s;ucce&s;s of the deputation of the <HI>Heer Beverning,</HI> who to the trouble of the Confederates went from thence to the <HI>French</HI> Camp, not doubting but that all the&s;e proceedings would at length termi|nate in a Peace with the <HI>Dutch.</HI> They thought it a matter of &s;o much importance to divert that blow, that for that end they &s;et all engines at work; but on the fourth of <HI>June</HI> a Courier from the Camp brought the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors a copy of the an|&s;wer
<PB N="108" REF="60">which that King had made to the Let|ter of the States-General, and another of the Memoir that his Maje&s;ty had cau&s;ed to be given to the <HI>Heer Beverning.</HI></P>
<P>The King by that Letter te&s;tified the plea&s;ure which he had to &s;ee the States-Ge|neral in a di&s;po&s;ition towards Peace; that his Maje&s;ty was willing to conde&s;cend to &s;everal things in favour of their Allies; and how joyful he would be, by re&s;toring to them his ancient amity, to enter with them into &s;uch engagements as might for ever &s;ecure their repo&s;e and liberty.</P>
<P>It can hardly be believed what good ef|fect the word <HI>Liberty</HI> produced in the minds of the <HI>Dutch;</HI> that word was &s;o a|greeable to them, and &s;o &s;en&s;ibly affected them, that in all the impre&s;&s;ions that have been made of that Letter in <HI>Holland,</HI> the word <HI>Repo&s;e</HI> is left out, to make that of <HI>Li|berty</HI> &s;ound the louder. They talked pub|lickly, that whatever &s;ecret or publick ene|my they might have, for the future they would not fear the lo&s;s of their <HI>Liberty,</HI> in which the pre&s;ent War had made &s;o great a breach.</P>
<P>By the Memoir given to the <HI>Heer Bever|ning,</HI> the <HI>French</HI> King at the de&s;ire of the States-General granted a Truce for &s;ix weeks, to begin the fir&s;t of the en&s;uing
<PB N="109" REF="60">Month, which extended that Truce until the fifteenth of <HI>Augu&s;t,</HI> to the end that the States might have all the time they wi&s;hed for to per&s;wade their Allies to con&s;ent to the Peace, in con&s;ideration whereof the States &s;hould promi&s;e not to a&s;&s;i&s;t them in any manner, during the whole cour&s;e of that War, if they would not incline them to embrace the conditions offered by the King; it being unju&s;t that his Maje&s;ty in the condition that his forces were in, &s;hould lo&s;e the occa&s;ions of action, and &s;hould en|gage him&s;elf of new, as he had already done by the Letter of the 18th of the fore|going Month. But to evidence the &s;incerity of his intentions, his Maje&s;ty at the &s;ame time gave orders to the Mare&s;hal of <HI>Lux|embourg,</HI> General of his Army, not to at|tack any place during all that time, and to &s;tay for the an&s;wer of the States in the Neighbourhood of <HI>Bru&s;&s;els.</HI></P>
<P>The good di&s;po&s;ition that the King of <HI>England</HI> &s;eemed to be in at that time, con|tributed much to the advancement of the Peace. The <HI>Heer Beverning,</HI> who came to the Camp from <HI>London,</HI> brought word that the King of <HI>England</HI> approved all the pro|ceedings that the <HI>Dutch</HI> had made towards the Peace. And by the Harangue that his Maje&s;ty of <HI>Great Britain</HI> made to the Par|liament
<PB N="110" REF="61">the third of <HI>June,</HI> he declared that none were to be blamed but the Hou&s;e of Commons if he could not engage in the War. And the Chancellor told the whole Parliament that their manner of acting could not but provoke a powerful Prince, who might re&s;ent it; and for that rea&s;on that they ought to &s;trengthen them&s;elves at home and abroad, for their own &s;ecurity again&s;t all kind of attempts.</P>
<P>In the mean time the Confederates &s;et all Engines at work to incline the King of <HI>En|gland</HI> to favour their intere&s;ts. The Mar|que&s;s of <HI>Borgomanero,</HI> Envoy Extraordinary from <HI>Spain</HI> at that Court, on the fifth of <HI>June</HI> repre&s;ented to his Maje&s;ty of <HI>Great Britain,</HI> how nece&s;&s;ary it was that he &s;hould &s;end his Fleet and Army towards the <HI>Low-countries</HI> for a curb to the common enemy, and a Guard to all <HI>Chri&s;tendom</HI> again&s;t the oppre&s;&s;ion and ruin wherewith it was threatned by the mo&s;t Chri&s;tian King; and how advantageous it would be for his Ma|je&s;ty to make a League offen&s;ive and defen|&s;ive with the Catholick King his Ma&s;ter, and the Emperour, who would prove his con&s;tant Allies in all the concerns of the common cau&s;e.</P>
</DIV2>
<DIV2 TYPE="section">
<PB N="111" REF="61">
<P>The Amba&s;&s;adors of the Confederates held long and frequent conferences at <HI>Ni|mueguen;</HI> but they found it difficult to a|gree upon the an&s;wer that they were to give upon the communication which the Amba&s;&s;adors of the States-General had made to them of the Memoir that the <HI>French</HI> King had given to the <HI>Heer Bever|ning,</HI> and whereupon the Amba&s;&s;adors urged their re&s;olution, that they might take their mea&s;ures accordingly; at length all of them gave their An&s;wers in their Conference of the tenth.</P>
<P>The Imperial Amba&s;&s;adors gave it in <HI>La|tin,</HI> and very long; but the purport of all was, that they expected from the candour and equity of the States-General, that they would do nothing to the prejudice of the Emperour, the Empire, and all the Confe|derates, who were only engaged in the pre|&s;ent War for the pre&s;ervation of the <HI>&V;ni|ted-Provinces,</HI> which the States them&s;elves knew &s;ufficiently, without being put in mind of it. That they had to do with an enemy who&s;e de&s;ign was only to divide the Confederates, that he might the more ea&s;ily &s;urprize them all. That if there was an ab&s;olute nece&s;&s;ity that they mu&s;t make Peace, the Emperour offered to concur with them in it upon fair and hone&s;t con|ditions;
<PB N="112" REF="62">but that they would not take &s;uch precipitate re&s;olutions as were demanded by the enemy. That they well perceived the de&s;ign was only to throw them upon a pre|cipice, &s;ince they were not &s;o much as al|lowed to treat of tho&s;e matters, without the deci&s;ion of which no Peace could ever be had. That they intreated them not to be over-ha&s;ty. That the general Peace was ru|ined, if <HI>France</HI> perceived that the States-General had a de&s;ign to treat &s;eparately; a&s;&s;uring them, that when the Emperour &s;hould make Peace, he would not be le&s;s careful of the needs of the <HI>&V;nited Provin|ces</HI> and <HI>Low-countries,</HI> than he had been zea|lous in undertaking and maintaining the War for their defence.</P>
<P>The Amba&s;&s;ador of <HI>Denmark</HI> made an|&s;wer on the &s;ame &s;ubject, That he believed that the States-General would never do any thing to the di&s;advantage of his <HI>Dani&s;h</HI> Maje&s;ty, who had expo&s;ed his per&s;on, and &s;pent his revenues to comply with the en|gagements into which he had entered with them. That if they were ab&s;olutely obliged to accept of Peace, they expected that they would not do any thing that might force tho&s;e who&s;e affairs were in a better po&s;ture, to accept of ab&s;olute conditions. That it was not fit that the con&s;tancy which the
<PB N="113" REF="62"><HI>French</HI> &s;hewed to their Allies, &s;hould tri|umph over the firmne&s;s of their Union; that they ought to guard again&s;t the incon|veniencies that the lea&s;t precipitancy might plunge them into; and that provided the King his Ma&s;ter found his &s;ecurity in a Treaty, he would &s;acrifice all his intere&s;ts to the publick weal.</P>
<P>The Amba&s;&s;ador of <HI>Brandenbourg</HI> a&s;&s;u|red him&s;elf that the <HI>States-General</HI> would promi&s;e nothing to the <HI>French</HI> King that might be contrary to the League that the Elector his Ma&s;ter had with them; &s;ince he had neither &s;pared his Blood nor Countries, to pre&s;erve their Republick from utter ru|in; and that far le&s;s they would conclude a Peace with <HI>France,</HI> till they fir&s;t procu|red his Ma&s;ter the &s;atisfaction they had pro|mi&s;ed him by their Treaty of Alliance. That as to the re&s;t his Electoral Highne&s;s de&s;ired nothing more than a rea&s;onable Peace, for procuring whereof he &s;hould always make appear his moderation, and the re&s;pect he had to the urgent rea&s;ons which the <HI>States-General</HI> pretended for concluding of Peace.</P>
<P>Whil&s;t the Confederates made all the&s;e Remon&s;trances to the Amba&s;&s;adors of the <HI>States-General</HI> at <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> it was known that the <HI>Spaniards</HI> declared at the <HI>Hague,</HI>
<PB N="114" REF="63">that they accepted the conditions offered by <HI>France:</HI> and as the Deputies of the <HI>States-General</HI> in their Memoirs pre&s;ented to the Duke <HI>de Villa Hermo&s;a,</HI> alledged the weakne&s;s of <HI>Spain,</HI> as one of the &s;tronge&s;t rea&s;ons that di&s;abled them longer to conti|nue the War; &s;o upon this occa&s;ion the <HI>Spa|niards</HI> failed not to do the like, and to im|pute the nece&s;&s;ity they were in of accept|ing the Peace, on the inability of the <HI>States-General</HI> of &s;upporting any longer the charge and burden of &s;o great a War.</P>
<P>The <HI>Imperiali&s;ts</HI> in the mean time, and all the Mini&s;ters of the Northern Princes, exclaimed again&s;t the inclination that the <HI>Spaniards</HI> and <HI>Dutch</HI> had to &s;o di&s;advanta|geous a Peace; they made their own inter|pretations of the <HI>French</HI> Kings conde&s;cen|&s;ions, &s;aying that <HI>France</HI> laid &s;nares for them, which they could not di&s;cover until they were out of condition of avoiding them; or that otherwi&s;e there mu&s;t needs be &s;ome internal weakne&s;s in the forces of <HI>France,</HI> how formidable &s;oever they ap|peared; that &s;tanding of it out would do the bu&s;ine&s;s; and that it was too ba&s;e to &s;ubmit to an ab&s;olute Law, whil&s;t they were not yet out of hopes of gaining tho&s;e ad|vantages that would render their condition better.</P>
<PB N="115" REF="63">
<P>The <HI>Dutch,</HI> who &s;aw evidently by the Declarations of the Amba&s;&s;adors of their Confederates, that their de&s;ign was to give no po&s;itive an&s;wer to the Memoir of the <HI>French</HI> King, which they had communica|ted to them, and that they refu&s;ed to ac|cept of a Truce, which being for more than two months time, would have given them &s;ufficient time to receive In&s;tructions from the Princes their Ma&s;ters, without any pre|cipitation; they declared to them of new, that the nece&s;&s;ity they lay under, could ad|mit of no longer delay; that they had lo&s;t all their hopes in <HI>England;</HI> that all the <HI>Low-countries</HI> were in &s;o bad a &s;tate, that there was not &s;o much as one place that could re|&s;i&s;t the attempts of the <HI>French;</HI> that no|thing but a &s;peedy Peace could &s;ave their Republick from the ruin that the lo&s;e of the&s;e Provinces would inevitably draw upon them; and therefore they prayed them to give a po&s;itive an&s;wer.</P>
<P>In the Conference of the 20th, all the Amba&s;&s;adors of the Confederates an&s;wer|ed, but after their u&s;ual way of bia&s;&s;ing: The Bi&s;hop of <HI>Gurck</HI> made a long &s;peech, wherein he exaggerated all that the Empe|rour had done and &s;uffered both within and without the Empire for the defence of the <HI>States-General.</HI> He a&s;&s;ured them, that it
<PB N="116" REF="64">was with grief that the Emperour under|&s;tood that they were reduced to a nece&s;&s;ity of making Peace; that he found the act|ings of <HI>France</HI> to be contrary to the rights of all Soveraign powers, in that they pre|&s;cribed conditions without admitting of Treaties; that the Emperour de&s;ired Peace; that the Amba&s;&s;adors of the States had them&s;elves acknowledged that the conditi|ons were hard, and that it was not their intention that every thing therein contain|ed &s;hould be &s;wallowed down; that for their part, they had declared to them that the Emperour could not admit of the al|ternative of <HI>Fribourg</HI> and <HI>Philipsbourg</HI> in the manner it was propo&s;ed; that they ex|pected orders from his Imperial Maje&s;ty, and in the mean time be&s;ought them that by their good offices they would di&s;po&s;e the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors to admit of more equi|table conditions, and to enter into Treaty with them; and that they would incline them to have regard to their Allies, and e&s;pecially to the Duke of <HI>Lorrain,</HI> who was the mo&s;t injured of all.</P>
<P>The Marque&s;s <HI>de los Balba&s;es</HI> &s;aid, That he had nothing to add to the la&s;t an&s;wer which the Duke <HI>de Villa Hermo&s;a</HI> had given in writing to the Deputies of the <HI>States-General;</HI> and that the King his Ma&s;ter would
<PB N="117" REF="64">not abandon the intere&s;ts of his Allies, nei|ther in Peace nor War. By that kind of expre&s;&s;ion this Amba&s;&s;ador declared for the Peace, without offending the Confede|rates, &s;eeing his Declaration was conform to the acceptation with which the Gover|nour of the <HI>Low-countries</HI> took it in the an|&s;wer of 27th of <HI>May.</HI></P>
<P>The Amba&s;&s;ador of <HI>Denmark</HI> alledged that in the &s;hort time that had pa&s;&s;ed &s;ince he was required to give a peremptory de|claration, it was not po&s;&s;ible that he could have had new orders from the King his Ma|&s;ter for giving it; that the matter was of &s;uch importance, that no le&s;s depended on it than the acceptation of Peace, or conti|nuation of War; that as to the <HI>States-Ge|neral,</HI> it was to very little purpo&s;e to ad|vi&s;e them about an affair that was &s;o far ad|vanced, that nothing was wanting to it but the formalities of a conclu&s;ion. That the King his Ma&s;ter had no other mea&s;ures now to take, but to put the States in mind, that the Peace which they were about to make, did not exempt them from the obligation of their reciprocal Treaties; and that he prayed God that he would in&s;pire the <HI>States-General</HI> with coun&s;els &s;uitable to the reflection they ought to make on the &s;tate of tho&s;e whom they them&s;elves had drawn
<PB N="118" REF="65">into the hazards of the pre&s;ent War.</P>
<P>The Amba&s;&s;ador of <HI>Brandenbourg</HI> in&s;i&s;t|ed on the &s;ame rea&s;on, to excu&s;e him&s;elf from giving the Declaration to which he was urged; &s;aying that he had but two things to repre&s;ent to the <HI>States-General;</HI> the fir&s;t was, That though on the part of the Elector his Ma&s;ter he had given in Pro|po&s;itions of Peace with <HI>France</HI> and <HI>Sueden;</HI> yet his mo&s;t Chri&s;tian Maje&s;ty had not de|clared on what conditions he would make it. The other, That the general condition of the intire &s;atisfaction of <HI>Sueden</HI> being down-right contrary to that which the <HI>States-General</HI> were obliged to procure to the Elector his Ma&s;ter, it was to be thought that <HI>France</HI> and <HI>Sueden</HI> de&s;ired not to have Peace.</P>
<P>The Pre&s;ident Canon who was not at the Conference of the tenth, enlarged very much upon the hardne&s;s of the Alterna|tives which the <HI>French</HI> King offered to his Ma&s;ter; &s;eeing, as he &s;aid, the fir&s;t &s;wal|lowed up almo&s;t all his Country, by di&s;|membring the half of his Territories; and that the other by depriving him of his Ca|pital City, and the Soveraignty of the four Ways which <HI>France</HI> demanded, took from him at the &s;ame time the free commerce of his own Territories. That if the faith of all
<PB N="119" REF="65">the Treaties made with the Confederates, was of no effect to his Ma&s;ter, he prote&s;ted that that Prince would rather bani&s;h him|&s;elf willingly from his own Country, than to be re&s;tored to it upon &s;uch hard condi|tions, &s;eeing he had never done any thing again&s;t <HI>France</HI> that could de&s;erve &s;o &s;evere u&s;age.</P>
</DIV2>
<DIV2 TYPE="section">
<P>All the&s;e high di&s;cour&s;es and declarati|ons that tended to &s;tave off the Peace, &s;topt not the cour&s;e of the Negotiation. On the 22 the <HI>States-General</HI> &s;ent orders to their Amba&s;&s;adors to &s;ign the Peace with <HI>France</HI> before the end of the Month; and they wrote the &s;ame day to the King by the <HI>Sieur de Launoy</HI> one of their Officers, who pa&s;t through the Camp and delivered a Let|ter from them to the <HI>Mare&s;hal de Luxem|bourg,</HI> whereby the States acquainted that General with the Order they had given their Amba&s;&s;adors at <HI>Nimueguen</HI> to &s;ign the Peace, and communicated to him the Con|tents of the Letter which they wrote to his Maje&s;ty upon that Subject.</P>
<P>The E&s;tates expre&s;&s;ed to the King with what joy they under&s;tood by the an&s;wer of the fir&s;t of that Month, given at his Camp at <HI>Weteren,</HI> that his Maje&s;ty was plea|&s;ed to grant them a longer Truce, that they
<PB N="120" REF="66">might induce their Allies to accept of the Conditions he had propo&s;ed; and that to give him all po&s;&s;ible &s;atisfaction they had omitted nothing that lay in their power. That though they could not promi&s;e them|&s;elves that all their Allies could concur with them in that particular, yet neverthele&s;s they had given Orders to their Amba&s;&s;adors to &s;ign the Treaty about the end of the Month; but that &s;eeing they were a&s;&s;ured that his Catholick Maje&s;ty would accept of the Peace with them, they be&s;ought his Maje&s;ty to put a &s;top to all acts of Ho&s;tili|ty, and to cau&s;e his Army to draw off un|to his frontiers, and to give Pa&s;&s;ports to the Ve&s;&s;els of their &s;ubjects that were a|broad a fi&s;hing, to &s;ecure them from his Maje&s;ties men of War.</P>
<P>The affairs of <HI>Spain</HI> and <HI>Holland</HI> were in &s;uch a tendency towards Peace, that a<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters"> people expected within a few days to &s;ee <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 word"> conclu&s;ion of it, and the news of it was no le&s;s hourly expected at the <HI>French</HI> Court than at the <HI>Hague.</HI> But whil&s;t no difficulty appeared on either &s;ide, of a &s;udden there was one &s;tarted at <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> which not only put a &s;top to the &s;igning of the Treaty, but had almo&s;t quite broke it off. In the project of the Treaty there was no menti|on made of the time wherein the <HI>French</HI>
<PB N="121" REF="66">King was to deliver up the places to the Crown of <HI>Spain</HI> and <HI>States-General,</HI> being a thing not at all mentioned in the Condi|tions. The King pretended that it was not to be done till after the General Peace, and the full &s;atisfaction of <HI>Sueden,</HI> in pro&s;pect whereof his Maje&s;ty conde&s;cended &s;o much on his part. <HI>Spain</HI> and the <HI>States-General</HI> under&s;tood that the re&s;titution of places ought to be immediately after the ratifica|tion of the Treaties. Neverthele&s;s the Ne|gotiation was managed in that manner un|til the very day before the Treaty was to be &s;igned, without any thoughts of a clear explanation of that point.</P>
<P>The Marque&s;s <HI>de los Balba&s;es</HI> was the fir&s;t that demanded an Explication as to the time of the re&s;titution of the places. The <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors &s;u&s;pected &s;everal per|&s;ons for having given occa&s;ion to that Amba&s;&s;ador to &s;tart the que&s;tion. However it were, the Marque&s;s <HI>de los Balba&s;es</HI> had no &s;ooner received that Umbrage, but that he went to the <HI>Dutch</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors to inquire their opinions on that &s;ubject. The&s;e an|&s;wered, that if the <HI>French</HI> pretended to de|lay the re&s;titution beyond the exchange of the ratifications, it was a thing not meant by them; and immediately they went to de&s;ire the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors to give them
<PB N="122" REF="67">their Explication, which they would &s;end to the <HI>States-General</HI> by an Expre&s;s.</P>
<P>The Amba&s;&s;adors of <HI>France</HI> told them, that the &s;atisfaction of <HI>Sueden</HI> being the fir&s;t of the Conditions propo&s;ed by the King their Ma&s;ter, without which his Maje&s;ty would have declared that he could not con|de&s;cend to peace, it behoved that the Pow|ers which accepted the&s;e conditions &s;hould contribute what in them lay, to procure &s;a|tisfaction to <HI>Sueden;</HI> and that the retention of Places was the ea&s;ie&s;t means, which the King had in his hands, for obtaining it, with|out demanding that the &s;ame Powers who only accepted the conditions of peace, that they might &s;o &s;oon as they could free them|&s;elves from the misfortunes of War, &s;hould engage any other ways for procuring that &s;atisfaction.</P>
<P>Notwith&s;tanding all the Rea&s;ons that were alledged to ju&s;tifie the conduct of the <HI>French</HI> King, the <HI>Heer Beverning</HI> having received an an&s;wer from the <HI>States-General,</HI> declared to the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors on the 25th, that he could not &s;ign the Peace if the King did not remit his preten&s;ions. But the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors having no power to de&s;i&s;t, it behoved them to &s;tay for new Orders from the Court.</P>
<PB N="123" REF="67">
<P>The Mini&s;ters of the Confederates, and all the ill affected, who with extream trou|ble &s;aw that the Peace with the <HI>Dutch</HI> which was to be followed with that with <HI>Spain,</HI> was upon the point of being &s;igned, failed not to make their be&s;t of that conjuncture which favoured their de&s;igns, and to do all they could to make the <HI>Dutch</HI> &s;u&s;pect the &s;incerity of <HI>France.</HI> It was the ea&s;ier for them to &s;ucceed in this, that tho&s;e very men who in the States had been the chief pro|moters of the Peace, exclaimed mo&s;t again&s;t that new pretention. For &s;eeing they were not willing to be &s;u&s;pected to have yielded to &s;nares, wherewith they might have been &s;urprized, they thought them&s;elves obliged to appear the mo&s;t &s;tedfa&s;t and mo&s;t re&s;o|lute wholly to break off the Treaty, rather than to conde&s;cend to that point.</P>
<P>It is certain, that as the genero&s;ity of the <HI>French</HI> King towards the <HI>States-General,</HI> the amity which his Maje&s;ty expre&s;&s;ed for them in his Letters, and his conde&s;cen&s;ions to a Peace with them, when they had greate&s;t cau&s;e of fear, had on the one hand intirely gained the hearts of the <HI>&V;nited Provinces,</HI> &s;o on the other hand the enemies of <HI>France,</HI> and tho&s;e that envied its growth and great|ne&s;s, made &s;o good u&s;e of that juncture, to fill the peoples minds with di&s;tru&s;t, that
<PB N="124" REF="68">they began in good earne&s;t to believe, that the <HI>French</HI> acted not &s;incerely with them, and that every Article of the Treaty con|tained &s;ome meaning di&s;advantageous to their Country.</P>
<P>The Amba&s;&s;adors of <HI>France</HI> in the mean time declared to tho&s;e of the <HI>States-General</HI> on the 30th, that they were ready to &s;ign the Peace upon the Conditions that were &s;tipulated betwixt them; and that &s;eeing they had not mentioned to them the time of the re&s;titution of <HI>Mae&s;tricht</HI> until the 25th, neither could they any &s;ooner give their Ma&s;ter advice of the new clau&s;e that they would have added to the article which them&s;elves had framed concerning that re|&s;titution; but that in the mean time they offered to &s;ign the Treaties of Peace and Commerce in the manner as was agreed up|on, that they might make it appear to the world, that they de&s;ired not to delay for one day the &s;igning of a Peace, which all the people &s;o impatiently longed for.</P>
<P>As to <HI>Spain,</HI> the &s;ame Amba&s;&s;adors &s;aid, That if that Crown which had not as yet openly accepted neither the Peace nor Truce, did formally declare that without delay they embraced Peace upon the Con|ditions propo&s;ed, and did chu&s;e one of the Alternatives touching <HI>Dinant</HI> and <HI>Charle|mont,</HI>
<PB N="125" REF="68">it &s;hould appear that the King their Ma&s;ter de&s;ired nothing more than that Chri&s;tendom &s;hould enjoy the repo&s;e which it might expect from his promi&s;es.</P>
<P>During the&s;e Debates, the <HI>Heer Odyke</HI> &s;econd Amba&s;&s;ador from the <HI>States-General,</HI> who had not hitherto &s;tayed above two or three days at a time in <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> came thither with his whole family. He is of the Hou&s;e of <HI>Na&s;&s;au</HI> by Prince <HI>Maurice,</HI> Bro|ther of Prince <HI>Henry</HI> Grandfather to the Prince of <HI>Orange,</HI> to who&s;e Intere&s;ts he is wholly devoted; and not without rea&s;on, for he receives many favours from him, and has a con&s;iderable Revenue by rea&s;on that being the chief of the Nobles of <HI>Zealand</HI> in place of the Prince of <HI>Orange,</HI> he repre|&s;ents the Nobility in the States and Coun|cil of that Province. He is well bred and magnificent, loving company and plea&s;ures; and has a particular dexterity in inventing of them.</P>
<P>There were &s;till &s;ome hopes that the dif|ficulties which put a &s;top to the &s;igning of the Peace would be taken away; but by a Courier from the <HI>French</HI> Court, who arrived <HI>July</HI> 10.1678, the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;. having re|ceived Order to &s;ignifie to the <HI>Dutch,</HI> that the King would not remit any as thing to the detention of the places, that he might ob|tain
<PB N="126" REF="69">&s;atisfaction to <HI>Sueden;</HI> one could not tell what to think of the Peace.</P>
<P>Whil&s;t affairs were in this doubtful con|dition, news was brought to <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> that on the &s;ixth of <HI>July</HI> there had happen|ed at the Bridge of <HI>Reinfield,</HI> a &s;harp con|flict betwixt a great Detachment of the <HI>French</HI> Army, and a like number of their enemies, who were &s;o &s;martly attacked in their Trenches, and &s;o briskly drove upon the Bridg, that many of them were killed and drowned, with &s;ome of their Generals; in &s;o much that if the Bridg had not been quickly &s;et on fire, the &s;ame thing perhaps might have befallen that Town which hap|pened to <HI>Valenciennes,</HI> a con&s;iderable num|ber of <HI>French</HI> Soldiers having entered into it pell-mell with tho&s;e that run.</P>
<P>At that time the Duke of <HI>Trimouille</HI> &s;ent the <HI>Sieur de Sanguiniere,</HI> a Coun&s;eller of the <HI>Cha&s;telet</HI> of <HI>Paris,</HI> to <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> with Let|ters of Procuration, and the Titles that ju&s;tified the preten&s;ions he had to the King|dom of <HI>Naples,</HI> to the end that the &s;ame prote&s;tation might be made to the Media|tors as was made to tho&s;e of the Treaty of <HI>Mun&s;ter,</HI> for pre&s;ervation of the rights that he has to that Kingdom, by <HI>Anne de Laval</HI> of the Hou&s;e of <HI>Arragon,</HI> from whom that Duke de&s;cended in right line.
<PB N="127" REF="69">The Mare&s;hal <HI>d' Estrades</HI> his Lady arrived at <HI>Nimueguen</HI> the 12th, and was met by the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors at <HI>Moock</HI> on the <HI>Meu&s;e,</HI> two Leagues from thence; where &s;he di&s;embarked. As all the <HI>French</HI> were very curious to be pre&s;ent at that fir&s;t In|terview, &s;o the people of <HI>Nimueguen</HI> &s;hew|ed no le&s;s de&s;ire of &s;eeing that Lady. Im|mediately after her arrival all the Amba&s;&s;a|dors and their Ladies rendered her their publick vi&s;its.</P>
<P>The Nuncio about this time received a Courier from <HI>Rome;</HI> but the cau&s;e of his coming was not fully known. Neverthele&s;s &s;eeing the noi&s;e of the Peace was already &s;pread all over <HI>Europe,</HI> it was not doubted but that that Court de&s;ired to find &s;ome expedient that might remove the ob&s;tacles which hindered the Amba&s;&s;adors of <HI>France</HI> from admitting the facultative Brief of the Nuncio, becau&s;e the Pope had named none but the Emperour in it.</P>
<P>The Nuncio offered then three over|tures to &s;atisfie the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors: the fir&s;t was, to pre&s;ent a Brief in which no Prince &s;hould be named. The &s;econd, to give as many Briefs as there were Chri&s;tian Princes in War, wherein every one might have the rank that he de&s;ired. And the third to follow the &s;tile of the plenary
<PB N="128" REF="70">Commi&s;&s;ions of the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Mediators, by giving a Brief facultative to end the War which was betwixt the Emperour, <HI>Spain, Holland,</HI> and their Confederates on the one &s;ide; and the mo&s;t Chri&s;tian King, the King of <HI>Sueden</HI> and their Allies on the other. But the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors continued firm in their Preten&s;ions, and would according to the ancient cu&s;tom, have the King their Ma&s;ter named immediately after the Empe|rour; and that was the rea&s;on why in all the Treaties of Peace that have been &s;ince concluded, there is no mention made of the Mediation of the Pope.</P>
<P>Notwith&s;tanding of that conduct of the Nuncio, the pains he took in promoting of the peace, were as grateful to the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors, as they were conducive to the repo&s;e of Chri&s;tendom. That Mediator carried him&s;elf al&s;o in &s;o different a man|ner from the former practice of Nuncio's, in regard of Prote&s;tant Princes, that it was not his fault if he did not vi&s;it all the Am|ba&s;&s;adors that were at <HI>Nimueguen.</HI> He ren|der'd the vi&s;it to the Envoy of <HI>O&s;nabrug,</HI> who had vi&s;ited him; and received the Pro|te&s;tants with as much civility as the Catho|licks; which produced &s;o good effects for the Catholick Intere&s;t in all the&s;e Provin|ces, and corre&s;ponded &s;o well with the re|putation
<PB N="129" REF="70">of the Pope, that on occa&s;ion of the Bull which was then believed the Pope would emit, one of the mo&s;t eminent &s;ub|jects of the States-General &s;aid, <HI>That their Mini&s;ters might well preach that the Pope was Antichri&s;t; but that for his own part he was per&s;uaded that this man was not.</HI></P>
<P>News came on the 13. That the <HI>Mare&s;hal de Schomberg</HI> was advanced with Twenty thou&s;and men towards <HI>Duren</HI> in the Coun|trey of <HI>Juliers;</HI> and that he had &s;ent to demand of the City of <HI>Cologn</HI> the forty thou&s;and Crowns, and twelve thou&s;and of Intere&s;t, which that Town ought to re&s;tore to the <HI>French</HI> King, &s;eeing that contrary to the Neutrality agreed upon at the fir&s;t A&s;&s;embly held there for the peace, the Ma|gi&s;trates &s;uffered that money to be taken by the Gari&s;on. The Envoy of <HI>Cologn,</HI> who was at <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> demanded audience of the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors; but they refu&s;ed it, becau&s;e he came to the A&s;&s;embly with|out a Pa&s;port from <HI>France.</HI></P>
<P>The <HI>French</HI> Army, which encamped at the gates of <HI>Bru&s;&s;els,</HI> &s;o netled the <HI>Spani|ards,</HI> and incommoded the whole Coun|trey, that there happened &s;ome tumult in the Town, where <HI>Don Pedro de Ronquillo</HI> was accu&s;ed for being the author of tho&s;e coun&s;els that delayed the conclu&s;ion of the
<PB N="130" REF="71">peace; in&s;omuch that it was affirmed for a certain, that the Duke <HI>de Villa Hermo&s;a</HI> wrote to the Marque&s;s <HI>de los Balba&s;es,</HI> that he would make him accountable for the lo&s;s of the <HI>Low-countreys,</HI> if with all dili|gence he did not conclude the peace.</P>
<P>The <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors &s;till expected the la&s;t re&s;olution of the States-General, that they might &s;end back the Courier which the Mare&s;hal <HI>de Luxembourg</HI> had at <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> with the news according to which he was to take his mea&s;ures, for put|ting into action, or drawing of the Armies he was upon the point to have marched to|wards the frontiers of <HI>France,</HI> upon the Letter of the States-General, wherein they informed him that they had given orders to their Amba&s;&s;adors to &s;ign the Peace at <HI>Ni|mueguen:</HI> but the advice that the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors gave him of the new difficul|ty which hinder'd the &s;igning of it, made him to remain &s;till in tho&s;e parts.</P>
<P>My Lord Amba&s;&s;ador <HI>Temple</HI> parted for the <HI>Hague</HI> on the 14th. where finding no final re&s;olution for concluding the peace, if the impediment which hinder'd the &s;ign|ing of it were not removed; he be&s;tirred him&s;elf with all indu&s;try to incline the States-General to enter into new engage|ments with the King his Ma&s;ter, that might
<PB N="131" REF="71">procure them and their Allies more advan|tageous conditions than tho&s;e which <HI>France</HI> propo&s;ed to them. The <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;a|dors thought fit, in the mean time, to make publick the rea&s;ons that his mo&s;t Chri&s;tian Maje&s;ty had to retain the places until <HI>Sue|den</HI> had &s;atisfaction; and for that end they cau&s;ed to be printed the Memoir which on the 17th. they gave to the <HI>Dutch</HI> Amba&s;&s;a|dors.</P>
<P>By this Paper it was given out, That the <HI>French</HI> King having equally e&s;pou&s;ed the Intere&s;ts of <HI>Sueden</HI> with his own, and on that account only abandoned &s;o many pla|ces, which was no le&s;s advantageous to the <HI>Dutch</HI> than <HI>Spaniards;</HI> his Maje&s;ty had grounds to hope that the&s;e Powers would contribute with him for the re-e&s;tabli&s;h|ment of that Crown, or at lea&s;t that they would not oppo&s;e his de&s;ign in making u&s;e of tho&s;e places, as of a very proper expe|dient to procure the performance of a con|dition to which they agreed by accepting the peace. But &s;ince that the Kings Ene|mies endeavoured to render his Maje&s;ties word &s;u&s;pected, he was willing to engage with the States General in all the mea&s;ures they &s;hould judg mo&s;t convenient for pre|curing &s;atisfaction to <HI>Sueden.</HI></P>
<PB N="132" REF="72">
<P>This Memoir being enlarged and pub|li&s;hed in way of a Manife&s;to, the States-General cau&s;ed an An&s;wer containing thirty pages to be made to it by their Amba&s;&s;a|dors, which was printed in <HI>French</HI> and <HI>Dutch,</HI> and on the 25th given to the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors.</P>
<P>It contained a long recital of all the Ne|gotiation, whereby they alledged, that af|ter all the favourable expre&s;&s;ions that the King was plea&s;ed to u&s;e towards them, they could not believe that the &s;entiments of his Maje&s;ty agreed with the expre&s;&s;ions of the Amba&s;&s;adors Memoir. That they could not impute that emergent to any thing but the artifice of tho&s;e who for private intere&s;ts were again&s;t the publick peace. That in all the Negotiation no mention being made of <HI>Sueden</HI> to them, it would be unju&s;t to pre|tend, that the King having demanded a neu|trality from the States-General as an e&s;&s;en|tial condition in their &s;eparate peace, they ought to give their places to be made u&s;e of again&s;t their Allies. That the States promi|&s;ed, as they had already done, to contribute what in them lay for the accommodation of the Northern powers, by all the good offices they were capable to perform; and they prote&s;ted that it was not their fault if the peace were not pre&s;ently brought to a hap|py conclu&s;ion.</P>
<PB N="133" REF="72">
<P>That An&s;wer made it evidently appear, that the States-General had no de&s;ign to con|de&s;cend; and indeed they began to think of other mea&s;ures: for their Deputies a|bout Foreign affairs &s;igned a &s;econd Treaty with Amba&s;&s;ador <HI>Temple,</HI> grounded on this, That the States-General having accepted the offers of his mo&s;t Chri&s;tian Maje&s;ty, and en|gaged that his Catholick Maje&s;ty &s;hould do the &s;ame as to what concerned him, they perceived to their grief that the Mini&s;ters of <HI>France</HI> oppo&s;ed the peace by the refu&s;al of delivering up the places. That therefore they were obliged to have recour&s;e to his Maje&s;ty of <HI>Great Britain,</HI> to the end that if his Mediation with the mo&s;t Chri&s;tian King &s;hould prove ineffectual, he would protect &s;o ju&s;t a cau&s;e, and a&s;&s;i&s;t them with his for|ces.</P>
<P>This Treaty was &s;till conditional as to the circum&s;tance of time, and was not to take effect but in ca&s;e they could not ob|tain from the <HI>French</HI> King a Declaration fa|vourable to their preten&s;ions, before the e|leventh of <HI>Augu&s;t;</HI> and that his Maje&s;ty ab|&s;olutely refu&s;ed to render up the places up|on the exchange of the Ratifications. In ca&s;e of &s;uch a refu&s;al, they agreed with his Maje&s;ty of <HI>Great Britain</HI> to declare War again&s;t <HI>France,</HI> that by united force they
<PB N="134" REF="73">might oblige that King to embrace the conditions &s;tipulated by that Treaty. The&s;e conditions were far different from tho&s;e which the <HI>French</HI> King propo&s;ed the 9th of <HI>April;</HI> but they were only &s;pecified for the Empire, <HI>Spain,</HI> and <HI>Lorrain.</HI></P>
<P>Whil&s;t that Treaty was concluding at the <HI>Hague,</HI> and that the Mini&s;ters at <HI>Nimueguen</HI> impatiently expected to know what re&s;olu|tion would at length be taken on either &s;ide concerning the re&s;titution of places, the Marque&s;s <HI>de los Balba&s;es</HI> made &s;ome in&s;tan|ces to the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors to incline them to admit of the Marque&s;s <HI>de la Fu|ente,</HI> that he might not have the di&s;plea|&s;ure of being come to that A&s;&s;embly, and not have the power to &s;ign the Treaty of peace; but they would not con&s;ent until that Amba&s;&s;ador produced a plenary Com|mi&s;&s;ion in the &s;ame form with the re&s;t, and they were &s;atisfied with a collationed copy which the Nuncio's Auditor gave them, without receiving the vi&s;it of that Amba&s;&s;a|dor, for the rea&s;on that I mentioned be|fore.</P>
<P>The Marque&s;s <HI>de la Fuente,</HI> that loves to be very gallant, re&s;olved to treat the Am|ba&s;&s;adors Ladies after the <HI>Spani&s;h</HI> fa&s;hion; but &s;eeing they vi&s;ited no Amba&s;&s;adors that wanted Ladies, they were invited in the
<PB N="135" REF="73" MS="y">name of the Marchione&s;s of <HI>Quintana,</HI> who did the Honours of the Fea&s;t. The two <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors Ladies went thither, but the Amba&s;&s;adors excu&s;ed them&s;elves, becau&s;e they vi&s;ited not the Marque&s;s <HI>de la Fuente.</HI> Whether it was there, or that there had been before &s;ome difference betwixt the Servants of Mon&s;ieur <HI>Colbert,</HI> and the Marque&s;s <HI>de la Fuente,</HI> which might have occa&s;ioned &s;ome re&s;entment; it happened that this time a Lackey belonging to Mon|&s;ieur <HI>Colbert</HI> was &s;omewhat ill u&s;ed at the Gate; this Footman did the like to one of the Servants of the Marque&s;s <HI>de la Fuente,</HI> the fir&s;t time that they came to the hou&s;e of Mon&s;ieur <HI>Colbert;</HI> in &s;o much that the difference made &s;uch noi&s;e, that the Nuncio thought fit to take cognizance of it, and to make both &s;ides promi&s;e that the matter &s;hould go no further.</P>
<P>The &s;ame day being the 29th, the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors by a Courier-Expre&s;s, received Orders from Court, according to which they framed a Memoir, which they gave to the <HI>Dutch</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors, whereby they &s;ig|nified to them that the &s;atisfaction of a King in Alliance with the King their Ma&s;ter, being the &s;ole end that his Maje&s;ty propo&s;ed to him&s;elf in the pre&s;ent affair of the retenti|on of Places, he would willingly admit of
<PB N="136" REF="74">all Propo&s;itions that might tend to that end, and that for that effect he would come as far as St. <HI>Quentin,</HI> to hear what the States had to propo&s;e to him by Deputies, a&s;&s;uring them that they would find him &s;o equita|bly inclined, that they &s;hould have no more cau&s;e to doubt of the &s;incerity wherewith his Maje&s;ty had begun and continued to treat with them concerning Peace.</P>
<P>The <HI>Dutch</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors had nothing to an&s;wer to the&s;e Propo&s;itions; they &s;aid, That they &s;aw no expedient to remove that difficulty which was made about the re&s;ti|tution of the places; that if the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors had any, they might propo&s;e them; and that their Ma&s;ters did not think that a deputation upon that &s;ubject would be to any purpo&s;e.</P>
<P>It &s;eemed that the mi&s;tru&s;t which the Amba&s;&s;adors entertained mutually of one another, upon occa&s;ion of the impediment that &s;topt the conclu&s;ion of the Peace, and even infected their Servants; for the ac|commodation that I ju&s;t now &s;poke, which was made two days before, did not &s;o ap|pea&s;e either party, but that on the la&s;t of <HI>July</HI> at night there happened among&s;t them a &s;cuffle of far more dangerous con&s;e|quence.</P>
<PB N="137" REF="74">
<P>That evening there was a great Rendez|vouz at the Hou&s;e of the <HI>Heer Odyke,</HI> and as it was on a <HI>Saturday</HI> they intended to &s;tay by it, and drank to their wives. The <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors had notice given them about ten of the Clock, that the Servants of the Duke of St. <HI>Peter</HI> had been there with Arms. They immediately acquainted the Nuncio with it, who had concerned him|&s;elf in adju&s;ting that Quarrel, who was not indeed wanting in giving nece&s;&s;ary Orders about it: But about Eleven of the Clock at night, the Marque&s;s <HI>de la Fuente</HI> his Pa|ges, who had been the Authors of the fir&s;t difference, went and fired &s;ome Pi&s;tols a|bout the Hou&s;e of Mon&s;ieur <HI>Colbert,</HI> which made the Servants of the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;a|dors to provide again&s;t what might happen.</P>
<P>The Company being &s;et down to Table at the Hou&s;e of the <HI>Heer Odyke,</HI> the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors ob&s;erved that all the Servants of the <HI>Spani&s;h</HI> were about the Table, and filled the Hall, whil&s;t they were without attendance according to their cu&s;tom, that they might not pe&s;ter the hou&s;e they went to. This made them &s;end to call all their Gentlemen to come and wait on them, to &s;tand behind them, and to order their Pa|ges to &s;erve them. The&s;e Orders pre&s;ently obeyed, &s;o &s;urprized the <HI>Spaniards,</HI> and
<PB N="138" REF="75">e&s;pecially the Ladies, that for &s;ome time there was not a word &s;poken at Table. The <HI>Heer Odyke</HI> thought him&s;elf obliged to ri&s;e from Table, and rea&s;&s;ume the Ladies by inviting them to eat; but he was no &s;oon|er up, but that the <HI>Spaniards</HI> and Company ro&s;e likewi&s;e.</P>
<P>The Marq. <HI>de los Balba&s;es</HI> with his whole Family, and the Marque&s;s <HI>de la Fuente,</HI> took leave of the Company at the very in&s;tant, and went home in four Coaches, without telling why, or informing them&s;elves of the rea&s;on of that proceeding.</P>
<P>The <HI>Spani&s;h</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors pa&s;&s;ed by the Hou&s;e of the Mare&s;hal <HI>d' E&s;trades,</HI> which was not twelve-&s;core paces di&s;tant from thence, where all the Livery-men belong|ing to the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors were &s;hut up, for fear of &s;ome di&s;order, to which they were ob&s;erved to be much inclined. Three Coaches had already pa&s;t, when &s;ome of tho&s;e who were in the fourth with Arms, fired a Carabin at the Gate of the Mare&s;hal <HI>d' E&s;trades</HI> his Hou&s;e. Perhaps they did it only in <HI>bravado,</HI> thinking they might &s;afely do it, &s;ince they &s;aw the Gate &s;hut; but at this &s;hot, whereof the Bullets left impre&s;&s;ion on the Gate, all the Servants that were in the Hou&s;e finding them&s;elves in&s;ulted over, &s;natched up what Arms they
<PB N="139" REF="75">could find, opened the Gate, and ran after the Coaches, who again firing upon them, were an&s;wered in the &s;ame kind.</P>
<P>The <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors were in the mean time in Di&s;cour&s;e with the <HI>Heer Odyke,</HI> and complained of the extraordina|ry carriage of the <HI>Spaniards,</HI> and of their numerous attendants; but the Gentlemen who were with them, having heard the fir&s;t &s;hots, ran thither in all ha&s;te, and coming up with tho&s;e Servants that were about to attack the Coaches, with much ado &s;topt them. They came certainly in the nick of time, for finding none on their &s;ide wounded, and none to engage with but Coaches, wherein were &s;o many Ladies of quality, among&s;t whom was the Dutche&s;s of <HI>St. Peter</HI> ready to be brought to bed; they &s;o ordered the matter by threatening their people, that the tumult went no far|ther.</P>
<P>The <HI>Spaniards</HI> had cau&s;e of fear at that time; their Lacqueys threw away their Flamboys, and their Coachmen put to a gallop through the Market-place, and along a de&s;cending Street at the end whereof they lodged. The whole Town was alarmed at the noi&s;e of &s;hot about two of the Clock in the morning. The Town-guard &s;ent the Court of Guard, and did not appear, and
<PB N="140" REF="76">all people ran to the windows. But a &s;top was put to this tumult in a trice, and a|mong&s;t &s;o many people there were none but a <HI>Spani&s;h</HI> Coachman wounded in the foot, and a <HI>French</HI> Lacquey in the hand.</P>
<P>The Mediators, and e&s;pecially the Nuncio, employed them&s;elves next day to compo&s;e that difference. The <HI>Spaniards</HI> would ne|ver confe&s;s publickly that they were the aggre&s;&s;ors. Neverthele&s;s &s;eeing it was but a &s;cuffle among&s;t Servants, it was con&s;ented to on either hand, that the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;|&s;adors and the Marque&s;s <HI>de los Balba&s;es,</HI> &s;hould each of them &s;end to the Nuncio, and the Lord Amba&s;&s;ador <HI>Jenkins,</HI> a Gen|tleman, with &s;ome Servants in Livery, to be delivered into their hands, and to in|treat them to cau&s;e what puni&s;hment they thought fit to be inflicted on them, for tran&s;gre&s;&s;ing the Orders that were made a|gain&s;t their carrying of Arms. But &s;eeing the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors had not owned the Marque&s;s <HI>de la Fuente</HI> for an Amba&s;&s;ador, they would not &s;uffer him to make any kind of &s;atisfaction, though his Servants were known to have been the fir&s;t Authors of that di&s;order.</P>
</DIV2>
<DIV2 TYPE="section">
<P><HI>Augu&s;t</HI> 1678, this was put in execution the third of <HI>Augu&s;t;</HI> but the <HI>Spani&s;h</HI> Ladies
<PB N="141" REF="76">having been extreamly di&s;compo&s;ed by an accident, which they unawares expected, the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors &s;ent to compliment them &s;everally. The Gentleman whom they &s;ent on that errand, &s;poke to the Marchio|ne&s;s <HI>de los Balba&s;es,</HI> her Husband being pre|&s;ent, to this effect in <HI>Italian: That the Am|ba&s;&s;adors his Ma&s;ters were vexed that an un|expected accident &s;hould have given her La|di&s;hip any trouble; but that they doubted not, but as &s;he was per&s;waded that they had always endeavoured to entertain good corre&s;pondence, &s;o &s;he did not believe but that they likewi&s;e condemned the lea&s;t thing that might di&s;plea&s;e her, and whatever was incon&s;i&s;tent with the re&s;pect that they profe&s;&s;ed to have for per&s;ons of her quality.</HI> That Gentleman made &s;uch an|other compliment to the Dutche&s;s of <HI>St. Peter,</HI> and the Marchione&s;s <HI>de Quintana;</HI> and &s;ome days after, the A&s;&s;emblies for di|ver&s;ion, which were thought wholly laid a&s;ide, began to be kept again as before.</P>
<P>At that time the <HI>Heer Boreel</HI> Envoy Ex|traordinary from the <HI>States-General</HI> arrived at <HI>Nimueguen;</HI> his arrival was taken as a good pre&s;age for the Peace of <HI>Holland;</HI> for the States, as I have &s;aid, had employed him to incline the Duke <HI>de Villa Hermo&s;a</HI> to accept the Conditions propo&s;ed by the <HI>French</HI> King. And the intere&s;t of the Town
<PB N="142" REF="77">of <HI>Am&s;terdam,</HI> the place of his birth, be|ing very dear unto him, it was not doubt|ed but that he was very zealous for the Peace.</P>
<P>The Mare&s;hal of <HI>Luxembourg</HI> &s;ent at the &s;ame time to <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> the <HI>Sieur de Ville|vart</HI> Captain of his Guards, to make a Pro|te&s;tation to the Mediators again&s;t the de|tention of the Dutchy of <HI>Luxembourg,</HI> which falling to the heir-female, ought to belong to him in right of his Wife, as he proved by her Genealogy, and by the Laws and Cu&s;toms of that Dutchy.</P>
<P>The Amba&s;&s;ador of <HI>Brandenbourg</HI> per|ceiving by the copy of the Memoir which the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors had given to the <HI>Dutch,</HI> for ju&s;tifying the detention of the Places, that the <HI>French</HI> King had openly declared that it was his de&s;ign to make u&s;e of them for carrying the War into the Do|minions of the Elector his Ma&s;ter, in favours of <HI>Sueden,</HI> made a long remon&s;trance, which he gave to the Amba&s;&s;adors of the <HI>States-General.</HI> He repre&s;ented to them that his Ma&s;ter, their neighbour and good friend, had ventured all, and &s;uffered much for the pre&s;ervation and &s;ettlement of their Re|publick; that he had grounds to hope that the <HI>States-General</HI> would not comply with &s;o pernicious de&s;igns contrary to the faith
<PB N="143" REF="77">of their Treaties; but on the contrary, that they would be no le&s;s careful to procure a Barrier on the &s;ide of the <HI>Rhine,</HI> than they had been for obtaining one in <HI>Flanders;</HI> and that the pre&s;ervation of the Country of <HI>Cleves</HI> was no le&s;s nece&s;&s;ary for their &s;ecuri|ty than the frontiers of their own Coun|try.</P>
<P>On the &s;econd of <HI>Augu&s;t</HI> the <HI>French</HI> Am|ba&s;&s;adors received Orders from Court by an Expre&s;s, to make new In&s;tances to the <HI>States-General</HI> to incline them to &s;end Depu|ties to <HI>Ghent,</HI> a&s;&s;uring them that they &s;hould there find his Maje&s;ty as well di&s;po&s;ed as they could de&s;ire, to &s;urmount all ob&s;tacles that hindered the conclu&s;ion of the Peace. It was generally believed that the <HI>French</HI> King did really de&s;ign to remove all tho&s;e difficulties; but all the Confederates did equally be&s;tir them&s;elves to hinder the States from complying with his Maje&s;ties intentions; and among&s;t the other rea&s;ons that they alledged to take them off from &s;ending Deputies, the di&s;grace which they &s;aid it was, that their Peace was not trea|ted by their Amba&s;&s;adors in the general A&s;|&s;embly at <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> made not the &s;mall|e&s;t impre&s;&s;ion on their minds.</P>
<P>In &s;o much that by the an&s;wer which the Amba&s;&s;adors and Envoy Extraordinary
<PB N="144" REF="78">made on the 4th, no hopes appeared of finding any expedient of removing the im|pediment that retarded the Peace. They &s;aid that they were overjoyed to &s;ee that the King &s;till te&s;tified a &s;incere inclination for the Peace; but it extreamly troubled them that they found him &s;o wedded to the &s;atisfaction of <HI>Sueden,</HI> of which neither <HI>Spain</HI> nor the States po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ed any thing of that which was to be the greate&s;t part of it; that they would always profe&s;s the pro|found re&s;pect they had for his Maje&s;ty, and that they would comply with him in any thing he could de&s;ire of them; but that they perceived not to what purpo&s;e it could be to &s;end Deputies either to <HI>St. Quentin</HI> or <HI>Ghent;</HI> &s;ince they had no expe|dient to offer, but the evacuation of the Places; that if it plea&s;ed his Maje&s;ty to propo&s;e any one for facilitating the con|clu&s;ion of the Peace, they were ready to &s;ign it; that they had not made any con|trary engagements; but with this re&s;pect to his Maje&s;ty, that they &s;hould take no effect, unle&s;s that he refu&s;ed to evacuate the pla|ces upon the exchange of the Ratifica|tions.</P>
<P>The Confederates were not a little trou|bled to &s;ee that a word of the <HI>French</HI> King could conclude a Peace, which overthrew
<PB N="145" REF="78">all their projects, and bani&s;hed tho&s;e hopes wherewith they &s;till flattered them&s;elves But that King had &s;o openly declared, that he made but one and the &s;ame affair of the intere&s;ts of <HI>Sueden</HI> and his own; that unle&s;s that Crown would de&s;i&s;t, he could not a|bandon the engagement he had taken to procure its &s;atisfaction.</P>
<P>Seeing the Confederates were per&s;waded that an ob&s;tacle clogged with &s;uch conditi|ons could not ea&s;ily be removed, and the rather that there remained but five days of the time that the <HI>States</HI> had prefixed for entering into a League with <HI>England,</HI> from which they could not flinch back, they de|&s;paired not of &s;eeing the <HI>Dutch</HI> Peace eva|ni&s;h. In the mean time the news that was brought to <HI>Nimueguen</HI> of the birth of the Archduke, filled them all with joy, but e&s;pecially the <HI>Imperiali&s;ts,</HI> who expre&s;&s;ed it by publick rejoicing and large&s;&s;es.</P>
<P>The <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors in the mean while received a Courier from Court; and according to the In&s;tructions that he brought them, they framed the Memoir of the 6th, whereby they declared to the Am|ba&s;&s;adors of the <HI>States-General,</HI> that &s;ee|ing the King had no de&s;ign in the retention of the places, but to comply with the Am|ba&s;&s;adors of <HI>Sueden,</HI> who judged it nece&s;|&s;ary
<PB N="146" REF="79">for the re-e&s;tabli&s;hment of their affairs, his Maje&s;ty was willing to de&s;i&s;t from that preten&s;ion now that the &s;ame Amba&s;&s;adors con&s;ented to it; but in that Memoir the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors added, that the <HI>States-General</HI> &s;hould &s;end Deputies to their King, as well for adju&s;ting the means of warrant|ing the obligation of Neutrality, into which they promi&s;ed that <HI>Spain</HI> &s;hould enter, as to concert expedients for procuring the &s;atis|faction of <HI>Sueden.</HI></P>
<P>Di&s;tru&s;t had &s;o &s;eized the minds of &s;ome, and was &s;o well fomented by tho&s;e who had cau&s;e to be afraid of that Peace, that it was not very &s;trange that that Propo&s;ition how &s;imple &s;oever it was, occa&s;ion'd new jealou&s;ies in the <HI>Dutch.</HI> They were afraid to be drawn in farther than they de&s;ired, &amp; &s;aid that &s;ince the King was plea&s;ed to remove the great impediment which hindered the Peace; the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors could no longer per&s;i&s;t in demanding that they &s;hould &s;end Depu|ties to his Maje&s;ty, unle&s;s they had &s;ome rea&s;ons which concealed de&s;igns quite differ|ent from the pretext they took; &s;o that they &s;eemed further off than they were before.</P>
<P>The &s;ame Courier brought back the De|claration which the <HI>Suedi&s;h</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors had made to the <HI>French</HI> the 17. of <HI>July,</HI> concerning their de&s;i&s;ting from the preten|&s;ion
<PB N="147" REF="79">of retaining the places; but they were unwilling to communicate the &s;ame, until they knew whether the King approved of it in the form that it was drawn up in.</P>
<P>That Declaration bore, That notwith&s;tand|ing the ju&s;t and general de&s;ign of the <HI>French</HI> King to procure &s;atisfaction to the King their Ma&s;ter; yet they left it to his Maje&s;ties con&s;ideration, whether after all the oppo&s;i|tions that he met with in it, it was better to delay the re&s;titution of the places in pro|&s;pect of a general peace, than to grant it for obtaining a &s;eparate peace with <HI>Spain</HI> and <HI>Holland.</HI> That for their own parts who had no free corre&s;pondence with the King their Ma&s;ter, and had in&s;tructions in gene|ral to conform to the plea&s;ure of <HI>France,</HI> they were a&s;&s;ured that the King of <HI>Sueden</HI> would be &s;atisfied with what his mo&s;t Chri|&s;tian Maje&s;ty thought fit to re&s;olve upon; not doubting but that his Royal prudence could find out means enough as &s;uitable to his Glory, and the re-e&s;tabli&s;hment of his Ally, as the retention of places was.</P>
<P>To this the Amba&s;&s;adors added 7. rea&s;ons to evince, that it was the common Intere&s;t of both Crowns in&s;tantly to conclude a &s;epa|rate peace with <HI>Spain</HI> and <HI>Holland,</HI> to take off tho&s;e two Powers which &s;upported their Enemies: and by &s;even other rea&s;ons they
<PB N="148" REF="80">made appear, That his mo&s;t Chri&s;tian Maje|&s;ty might have no le&s;s renown in accom|pli&s;hing his de&s;igns by other means, that might make evident to the world the &s;in|cerity of his intentions, and which at the &s;ame time might give him opportunity to make the ill affected, who endeavoured to render them &s;u&s;pected, &s;en&s;ible of his re&s;ent|ment.</P>
<P>By this it &s;eemed that the <HI>Suedi&s;h</HI> Amba&s;|&s;adors fore&s;aw the future as well as they could at the pre&s;ent time; however it be, they clearly &s;aw that the ob&s;tacles which hinder'd the peace were otherways in&s;uper|able; and &s;ince they were obliged to con|&s;ent to the evacuation of the places, they might hope that the <HI>French</HI> King would not want other means of procuring full &s;atisfa|ction to the King of <HI>Sueden.</HI> Neverthele&s;s that Prince found the retention of places of &s;uch importance to the re-e&s;tabli&s;hment of his affairs, that not being informed in time of the urgent rea&s;ons which obliged his Amba&s;&s;adors to con&s;ent to the waving of that preten&s;ion, he profe&s;&s;ed him&s;elf much offended at their conduct.</P>
<P>The Count of <HI>Provana,</HI> Envoy from the Dutche&s;s of <HI>Savoy,</HI> arrived at <HI>Nimueguen</HI> on the eigth; he came to demand of the <HI>Spa|niards</HI> the portion of the <HI>Infanta, Catha|rina,</HI>
<PB N="149" REF="80">Great Grandmother to the young Duke of <HI>Savoy;</HI> or at lea&s;t he came to have that debt owned by an Article of the Trea|ty which was to be made betwixt <HI>France</HI> and <HI>Spain,</HI> as it was at the Treaty of <HI>Mun|&s;ter,</HI> and the <HI>Pyrenean.</HI> What repugnancy &s;oever he met with on the <HI>Spani&s;h</HI> part, the <HI>French</HI> obtained him his demand.</P>
<P>Amba&s;&s;ador <HI>Temple</HI> finding the term which the <HI>States-General</HI> had taken before they would enter into the Engagements of the Treaty that he had &s;igned with them, now to draw near, came on the eighth to <HI>Nimueguen.</HI> All men were per&s;uaded that his errand was not to facilitate the &s;igning of the Peace, nor to bring the di&s;tant par|ties to a nearer accommodation as to the conclu&s;ion of it. His proceedings appeared all along too contrary to the character of a Mediator to make that to be believed. In the mean time on the 9th in the evening, the Amba&s;&s;adors of the States-General had a long conference with the <HI>French:</HI> they re|pre&s;ented to them the &s;hort time that re|mained for ending that great work, the ac|compli&s;hment whereof was only retarded by a difficulty which ought not to &s;eem of great importance to them, in compari&s;on of the great advantages which the peace would produce; and &s;eeing they had not time to
<PB N="150" REF="81">tran&s;late into <HI>French</HI> the Memoir which they had to give in concerning that, they contented them&s;elves to tell them the &s;ub|&s;tance of it.</P>
<P>The <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors made no an&s;wer to the in&s;tances of the <HI>Dutch,</HI> but that their hands were tied, and that without new Or|ders they could proceed no further. At length the tenth came, which was the great day that was to give a happy beginning to the repo&s;e of <HI>Europe,</HI> or quite qua&s;h all hopes of it for a long time. Neverthele&s;s there appeared no hopes that the peace could be &s;igned that day; and it could not be con|ceived why the refu&s;al of a deputation, which was not ab&s;olutely nece&s;&s;ary, &s;hould put a &s;top to the accompli&s;hment of &s;o great a good. The <HI>Hier Odyke</HI> returned to the <HI>Hague</HI> the 7th. becau&s;e he had lo&s;t all hopes of peace; but both by rea&s;on that he believed that the tenth day might pro|duce &s;ome change in affairs, and that he had Orders from the Prince of <HI>Orange</HI> to make on the eleventh a prote&s;tation in name of the States again&s;t all that could be conclu|ded, if that day pa&s;t without &s;igning the peace; he came back the &s;ame day in ha&s;te to <HI>Nimueguen.</HI></P>
<P>The <HI>Hier Boreel,</HI> Envoy Extraordinary from the States-General, went at nine in
<PB N="151" REF="81">the morning to wait on the Mar&s;hal <HI>D' E|&s;trades,</HI> and gave him the Memoir made the day before, wherein the States-General thanked his Maje&s;ty for the care which he &s;till took to remove all ob&s;tacles that oc|curred in the conclu&s;ion of the peace, not only with them, but <HI>Spain</HI> al&s;o; and pray|ed his Maje&s;ty to con&s;ider, that the enemies of their State having repre&s;ented to them the evacuation of the places, and the peace at the &s;ame time as de&s;perate, they had been obliged to enter into engagements with the King of <HI>Great Britain,</HI> not to &s;tave off the peace; but to take from them the pretext they made u&s;e of, and to clear his Maje&s;ty from being the cau&s;e of the &s;ame. That for that end they had re&s;erved to them&s;elves a certain time, which being ready to ex|pire, &s;uffered them not to make the depu|tation that his Maje&s;ty de&s;ired; but not doubting but that &s;ince all the conditions were at pre&s;ent agreed upon, the peace would be &s;igned before the eleventh, they would not fail to make a deputation, not to St. <HI>Quentin,</HI> but to <HI>Paris,</HI> to give his Ma|je&s;ty the te&s;timonies of their re&s;pect, and of the &s;atisfaction they had from the con|clu&s;ion of the peace.</P>
<P>M. <HI>Colbert,</HI> and the Count <HI>D' Avaux,</HI> went at the &s;ame time to the Mar&s;hal <HI>D'
<PB N="152" REF="82">E&s;trades</HI> hou&s;e; but being unwilling to meet the <HI>Heer Boreel</HI> there, becau&s;e they de&s;igned all three to go that morning to the Hou&s;e of the <HI>Dutch</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors, and to tell them their la&s;t re&s;olution, they let the <HI>Heer Boreel</HI> come out without &s;eeing him; and immediately after they all three took coach, and went to the <HI>Dutch</HI> Amba&s;|&s;adors.</P>
<P>It was believed &s;o certainly that the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors had no power to &s;ign the peace, that Amba&s;&s;ador <HI>Temple</HI> him&s;elf advi&s;ed tho&s;e of <HI>Holland</HI> to pre&s;s them to it, becau&s;e he really believed they could not do it. Neverthele&s;s the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;|&s;adors declared to them in that conference, that they had power to &s;ign their Treaties of Peace and Commerce; and that it mu&s;t be done the &s;ame morning, if it were po&s;|&s;ible. The <HI>Dutch</HI> being no le&s;s per&s;uaded than the re&s;t of the Confederates, that without new Orders the <HI>French</HI> could con|clude nothing, were no le&s;s &s;urprized than overjoyed at that propo&s;ition. All the Ar|ticles about which there had been any de|bate, were read over; and they agreed to &s;ign the Peace that day. But &s;eeing that conference had la&s;ted from ten of the clock in the morning, until half an hour after two in the afternoon, and that &s;ome time
<PB N="153" REF="82">was &s;till required to write over the Trea|ties fair, the &s;igning was delayed until the evening.</P>
<P>The <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors had found by experience, the importance of &s;ecre&s;ie for carrying on &s;uch a Negotiation to a happy end, in &s;o great an A&s;&s;embly, where there were almo&s;t as many per&s;ons to be feared, as there were Amba&s;&s;adors; and where there was no le&s;s di&s;po&s;ition to conceive jealou&s;ies of the conduct of <HI>France,</HI> than it was ea&s;ie for the Confederates to create new grounds of di&s;tru&s;t; and that was the cau&s;e why the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors preten|ded to the la&s;t, that they could not &s;ign the peace, upon pretext of a very &s;light ob&s;ta|cle, to the end that the conclu&s;ion having almo&s;t nothing to hinder it, they might in an in&s;tant &s;urpri&s;e tho&s;e who expected no|thing le&s;s than &s;uch a change.</P>
<P>The length of the <HI>French</HI> and <HI>Dutch</HI> conference had already &s;o alarm'd the Con|federates, that they were all in commotion before it was ended; but they were very &s;en&s;ibly touched when they came to know that the peace was concluded, and that it was to be &s;igned that day without any po&s;|&s;ibility of hindering it. It troubled them the more, that they found <HI>England</HI> acting in their favours in the &s;ame manner as they had long de&s;ired.</P>
<PB N="154" REF="83">
<P>Amba&s;&s;ador <HI>Temple</HI> could not forbear to evidence his di&s;content to the <HI>French</HI> Am|ba&s;&s;adors, who went all three together to vi&s;it him in the afternoon, and to acquaint him, that if he thought fit they would &s;ign the Treaty at his hou&s;e; for upon pretext of &s;ome indi&s;po&s;ition, he received them in his night-cap and gown, and ab&s;olutely re|fu&s;ed their offers: whether it was that he had in&s;tructions &s;o to do, or that he de|&s;paired not (for all the matter was gone &s;o far) but that before night &s;ome impedi|ment might ari&s;e that might break off the conclu&s;ion thereof.</P>
<P>That Mediator &s;o little expected that the peace &s;hould be concluded that day, that he had a Me&s;&s;enger ready in his hou&s;e to part at midnight, and to carry news to the States-General of the expiration of the term, which engaged them to the execution of the Treaty that they had &s;igned: and that he might let the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors &s;ee more clearly that the Mediation approved not that Treaty, he prayed them to put his own and Colleagues names out of the Pre|face; &s;aying, that the King their Ma&s;ter had not &s;ent them as Mediators to a Ge|neral Treaty, there to &s;ign a Separate Peace.</P>
<PB N="155" REF="83">
<P>The Amba&s;&s;adors of <HI>Denmark</HI> and <HI>Bran|denbourg,</HI> with the Bi&s;hop of <HI>Mun&s;ter,</HI> did all they could to hinder the &s;igning of the peace: They framed a prote&s;tation in the terms that were mo&s;t proper to expre&s;s their re&s;entment: They declared to the Amba&s;&s;a|dors of the <HI>States-General,</HI> That the re&s;o|lution they had taken of abandoning their Confederates, was contrary to the faith of the leagues they had &s;o religiou&s;ly contract|ed; that they conjured them by all that was &s;acred, that they would not proceed with &s;o much precipitation to the &s;igning of a &s;e|parate peace, in a time when they had all taken vigorous re&s;olutions, and agreeable to the de&s;ires of the <HI>States-General,</HI> in &s;end|ing va&s;t numbers of Forces into the <HI>Spani&s;h Netherlands</HI> for the relief of <HI>Mons,</HI> which was reduced to extremity.</P>
<P>They further added, That &s;uch a ha&s;ty and precipitate conduct was unworthy of a State, that had always governed it &s;elf with rea&s;on and ju&s;tice; and that &s;o ex|traordinary a &s;tep would be an everla&s;ting blot to the honour and reputation of the <HI>States-General:</HI> That if notwith&s;tanding of all that, they were re&s;olved to proceed, and to enter into a Neutrality &s;o contrary to their Engagements, they prote&s;ted a|gain&s;t that &s;eparate Treaty, and again&s;t all
<PB N="156" REF="84">the calamities that Chri&s;tendom in general, and the Princes their Ma&s;ters in particular might &s;uffer by that &s;eparation.</P>
<P>Tho&s;e who con&s;idered without pa&s;&s;ion the conduct of the <HI>Dutch,</HI> found that they were unju&s;tly accu&s;ed of having acted with|out acquainting their Confederates; &s;ince that by the publick Declarations which they them&s;elves had given to the <HI>Dutch</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors on the 10th and 20th of the preceding Month, they took notice of the nece&s;&s;ity to which the <HI>&V;nited-Provinces</HI> were reduced. And the <HI>States-General</HI> were very far from acting with precipitation, &s;ee|ing they &s;igned not the Peace until the la&s;t day of the time that they had agreed to with <HI>England,</HI> in ca&s;e that <HI>France</HI> removed (as was then done) all the impediments that for more than &s;ix weeks ob&s;tructed the &s;ign|ing thereof. In a word, it was an ea&s;ie mat|ter for the Northern Confederates, to ex|hort the <HI>Dutch</HI> to wait patiently, when ac|cording to their own confe&s;&s;ion their af|fairs were in a better &s;tate, and who daily found new advantages in continuing the War with <HI>Sueden;</HI> whil&s;t notwith&s;tanding of all the forces that were in the <HI>Low|countries,</HI> the <HI>French</HI> King took as many places as he plea&s;ed, and <HI>Holland</HI> ran on in|to utter ruin.</P>
<PB N="157" REF="84">
<P>The de&s;ire of the <HI>States-General</HI> being conform to the intentions of <HI>France</HI> as to the Peace; nothing could &s;top the &s;igning of it; all diligence was u&s;ed to have the Treaties ready, and at eleven of the Clock at night the <HI>Dutch</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors came to the hou&s;e of the Mare&s;hal <HI>d' E&s;trades</HI> in two Coaches with many Flamboys to light them. The two Treaties of Peace and Com|merce were there &s;igned betwixt eleven and twelve of the Clock at night, with a &s;epa|rate article concerning the <HI>States</HI> which the Prince of <HI>Orange</HI> po&s;&s;e&s;&s;es in the Provinces that are under the dominion of the <HI>French</HI> King.</P>
<P>The Amba&s;&s;adors wi&s;hed one another mutual joy for the re-e&s;tabli&s;hment of the good corre&s;pondence which had been in|terrupted by the War, and the joy was great and reciprocal among&s;t all their &s;ervants and attendants; but it appeared e&s;pecially among the &s;ervants of the <HI>Dutch</HI> Amba&s;&s;a|dors, who upon their return knocked at all the Towns-peoples doors, calling to them in <HI>Dutch</HI> that the Peace was made. Next day the Marque&s;s <HI>d' E&s;trates</HI> who was at <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> parted to carry tho&s;e two Trea|ties to the <HI>French</HI> King; and the Amba&s;&s;a|dors had the &s;atisfaction to find by the fir&s;t di&s;patches they received, even before the
<PB N="158" REF="85">news was brought to Court, that all they had done &s;hould be conform to his Maje&s;ties intentions, who upon information of the &s;igning of the Peace, acquainted them that he was very well &s;atisfied with the wi&s;e con|duct they had ob&s;erved in &s;o great an Af|fair.</P>
<P>Seeing the <HI>Spaniards</HI> were engaged to the <HI>States General</HI> jointly to accept of the peace on the conditions propo&s;ed by <HI>France;</HI> and that the States by the thir|teenth Article of the Treaty which they had &s;igned, were Guarantees to the <HI>French</HI> King of all the obligations to which <HI>Spain</HI> was to be bound, and e&s;pecially to that of an exact Neutrality; the <HI>Dutch</HI> Amba&s;&s;a|dors would lo&s;e no time in promoting the peace of <HI>Spain,</HI> but on that occa&s;ion per|formed the office of Mediators, as it was nece&s;&s;ary they &s;hould, &s;ince the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> had in a manner excu&s;ed them&s;elves from media|ting, by refu&s;ing to propo&s;e the conditi|ons of the ninth of <HI>April,</HI> and to &s;ign the peace with the <HI>Dutch.</HI></P>
<P>The news that were brought of the ad|vantages which the <HI>French</HI> Army obtained daily over the Forces of the Empire, made it probable that after the peace with <HI>Spain,</HI> which began &s;eriou&s;ly to be treated, it would not be long before the Emperor
<PB N="159" REF="85">and Empire came to an accommodation. The Mar&s;hal <HI>de Crequi</HI> had ruin'd the Fort of <HI>Kiel,</HI> at the end of the bridg of <HI>Stra&s;|bourg,</HI> on the &s;ide of <HI>Germany;</HI> and having burnt the Bridg, and rai&s;ed the Fort on the other &s;ide, he very much incommoded that great City, and made them apprehen&s;ive of the &s;ame fate that had befallen all tho&s;e places which the <HI>French</HI> had attacqued.</P>
<P>In the mean while the <HI>States General,</HI> who looked upon the peace of <HI>Spain</HI> to be as nece&s;&s;ary for their repo&s;e, and the renew|ing of their Commerce, as their own peace, made the &s;ucce&s;s of that Negotiation their own particular affair. It was, indeed, ex|pected in <HI>Holland,</HI> that tho&s;e two Treaties &s;hould be &s;igned at the &s;ame time; and therefore the joy which the people concei|ved upon the conclu&s;ion of the former, was much le&s;&s;ened by the fear they had that the &s;econd would not be &s;o &s;oon conclu|ded as was de&s;ired; but &s;eeing both parties were equally de&s;irous of the &s;ame, the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors went fir&s;t to the Amba&s;&s;adors of the <HI>States General,</HI> and there exchanged the projects of peace betwixt <HI>France</HI> and <HI>Spain.</HI></P>
<P>That they might the better facilitate the Treaty, and conclude it with as little lo&s;s of time as po&s;&s;ibly could be, they agreed
<PB N="160" REF="86">to meet at the Hou&s;e of the <HI>Dutch</HI> Amba&s;|&s;adors; and for that effect they gave one of their Chambers, which was at the end of their Hall of Audience, to the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors; another that had an Entry from the Porch, was for the Amba&s;&s;adors of <HI>Spain;</HI> and all the Gentlemen belonging to the &s;everal Amba&s;&s;adors, &s;tayed in the Hall of Audience, which &s;erved for a pa&s;|&s;age to the <HI>Heer Beverning,</HI> who accompa|nied with the <HI>Heer Haaren,</HI> applied him&s;elf indu&s;triou&s;ly to remove the difficulties that happened in that Negotiation, carrying back and for, from one Chamber to ano|ther, all the controverted Articles.</P>
<P>Mr. <HI>Beverning</HI> is no le&s;s a man of di|&s;patch, than knowledg and ability; and therefore in the Conferences of the thir|teenth, which la&s;ted four hours in the mor|ning, and as long after dinner, a great part of the Articles of the Treaty with <HI>Spain,</HI> were conde&s;cended to, and agreed upon: but the fourteenth, being <HI>Sunday,</HI> the Con|ferences were interrupted, and all people were &s;urpri&s;ed to hear that Amba&s;&s;ador <HI>Temple</HI> parted that day from <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> a|bout four of the clock in the morning, for the <HI>Hague,</HI> where perhaps he had &s;till hopes of bringing &s;ome ob&s;tacle to the ratification of the Treaty, though he could not hinder the &s;igning of it.</P>
<PB N="161" REF="86">
<P>In the mean while &s;eeing it is almo&s;t im|po&s;&s;ible that &s;o important an affair as the Negotiation of a peace betwixt two po|tent States can be &s;o happily ended, and no unexpcted accident fall out that may hinder the conclu&s;ion of it; &s;everal ob&s;ta|cles aro&s;e in the cour&s;e of this Treaty which retarded it much longer than was expected. It was hoped that the Conferen|ces would be renewed on the fifteenth; but that day the <HI>Dutch</HI> Amba&s;&s;adours made report to the <HI>French,</HI> that the de|&s;ign the <HI>French</HI> King had of retain|ing <HI>Bouvignes</HI> and <HI>Beaumont,</HI> put a &s;top to the Treaty, and might quite break it off, If his Maje&s;ty per&s;i&s;ted in his preten&s;ions to tho&s;e two places, whereof the one is a little Town almo&s;t ruined, &s;ituated upon a hill below <HI>Dinant;</HI> and the other a Bourg without fortifications, lying towards <HI>France,</HI> in the Countrey betwixt the <HI>Meu&s;e</HI> and the <HI>Sambre.</HI></P>
<P>It is true, that in the project of the peace no mention was made neither of <HI>Bouvig|nes</HI> nor <HI>Beaumont;</HI> and that they were not named in the printed Conditions. But to that the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors made an&s;wer, That they were in the Conditions which the <HI>French</HI> King had propo&s;ed to his Maje&s;ty of <HI>Great Britain,</HI> who by his Amba&s;&s;adors had
<PB N="162" REF="87">communicated the &s;ame to all the Mini&s;ters of the Princes that were at <HI>Nimueguen;</HI> and &s;eeing his Maje&s;ty had in his Conditi|ons of the ninth of <HI>April</HI> named preci&s;ely all the places which he intended to re&s;tore to <HI>Spain,</HI> and not all tho&s;e which his Maje|&s;ty re&s;olved to retain, the&s;e were nece&s;&s;a|rily comprehended among&s;t the la&s;t, &s;eeing they were in actual po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ion of the <HI>French,</HI> and of too &s;mall importance to be expre&s;ly named in the Conditions.</P>
<P>Whil&s;t the&s;e difficulties put a &s;top to the Treaty at <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> there was a report &s;pread abroad of the defeating of the <HI>French</HI> Army before <HI>Mons;</HI> into which it was affirmed that great relief was put du|ring the Fight. The truth was, that the Prince of <HI>Orange</HI> having drawn together the Forces of <HI>Holland, Spain,</HI> and the Con|federates, re&s;olved to attempt the relieving of it on the fourteenth, afternoon; the hopes he had of &s;ucceeding in that enter|pri&s;e with &s;o great forces, and of ending &s;o many Campagns by a famous action, which till then had been &s;o unfortunate to him, concurring with the urgent in&s;tances of the Marque&s;s <HI>de Grana,</HI> Envoy extraor|dinary from the Emperor, were motives powerful enough to incline him to give battel, and to make the be&s;t of &s;o fair an
<PB N="163" REF="87">opportunity. Many have thought that that Prince had advice by an Expre&s;s from <HI>Ni|mueguen,</HI> that the peace was concluded there on the tenth; but however it be, having had no information thereof from the <HI>States-General,</HI> he was not obliged to know it.</P>
<P>The Mar&s;hal of <HI>Luxemburgh,</HI> who had received advice of the Peace by an Ex|pre&s;s from the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors, could not per&s;uade him&s;elf that the Enemies who appeared on the Eminencies of the Abbey of St. <HI>Denis,</HI> had a de&s;ign to attacque him. But when it was pa&s;t all doubt, and that he perceived they had po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ed them&s;elves of the Village of <HI>Ca&s;teau,</HI> he pa&s;&s;ed over the rivolet that divided his Camp from that po&s;t, with &s;ome Regiments of Hor&s;e, Dra|goons and foot; the&s;e Troops, led by the be&s;t Officers of the Army, marched through narrow pa&s;&s;es, gullies, and unfrequented ways, be&s;et by the Enemies on the right and left, and had a &s;mart and bloody en|gagement; but the <HI>French</HI> retook <HI>Ca&s;teau</HI> and &s;et it on fire, with le&s;s lo&s;s on their &s;ide than on that of the Enemy's, though the fight continued till night put an end to the action.</P>
<P>Next morning the Prince of <HI>Orange</HI> &s;ent a Me&s;&s;enger to the Camp, to acquaint the
<PB N="164" REF="88">Mar&s;hal of <HI>Luxemburgh</HI> that the peace be|twixt <HI>France</HI> and the <HI>States-General</HI> was &s;igned the tenth; and that he had not re|ceived the news of it until that night. He therefore de&s;ired, that &s;ince the countenance of affairs was changed, he might be permit|ted to &s;end a Convoy unto <HI>Mons.</HI> But the General refu&s;ed it, &s;eeing he could not con|&s;ent thereunto till he had received Orders from Court.</P>
<P>This action of the Prince of <HI>Orange</HI> re|ceived various con&s;tructions, and was not altogether approved by the <HI>States-General,</HI> who &s;aw to their regret, &s;o many brave &s;ol|diers u&s;ele&s;ly &s;acrificed to private intere&s;ts. Nor was it well reli&s;hed in <HI>England,</HI> becau&s;e two thou&s;and of the ancient Regiments of his Maje&s;ty of <HI>Great Britains</HI> forces, who were in the States &s;ervice, were totally routed in that Engagement. The particu|lars of that Fight being brought to <HI>Nimue|guen,</HI> undeceived the Confederates, who were at fir&s;t informed that the &s;ucce&s;s of it was much more advantageous to them than indeed it was.</P>
<P>The Nuncio, who was very &s;olicitous for promoting the General Peace, by means of the Imperiali&s;ts inclined all the Confe|derates to a Months truce. He was hopeful that in that time the Negotiation might
<PB N="165" REF="88">have &s;ome &s;ucce&s;s; and that Truce had been concluded, if the Bi&s;hop of <HI>Gurck,</HI> who then returned from <HI>Cologn,</HI> had not broken all the mea&s;ures that were taken in his ab&s;ence. The impediment which the Confederates ob&s;erved to be put to the Peace of <HI>Spain,</HI> made them le&s;s concerned to make their own. But the <HI>Heer Beverning</HI> being gone to the <HI>Hague,</HI> made many hope that that Mini&s;ter would bring from thence &s;ome expedient to remove the difficulties that put a &s;top to that Negotiation; and that at the &s;ame time he would have a&s;&s;u|rance of the Ratifications of the <HI>Dutch</HI> Peace.</P>
<P>In the mean time, &s;ince by the Letters which the <HI>States General</HI> wrote to the <HI>French</HI> King the 22. of <HI>June,</HI> they entreat|ed his Maje&s;ty to grant them Pa&s;&s;ports for the &s;ecurity of their Merchant Ships; a Courier brought a great many from Court to the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors; but they would not exchange them at <HI>Nimueguen</HI> for a like number with the <HI>Dutch</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors. It be|hoved the <HI>Dutch</HI> to deliver theirs fir&s;t at <HI>Mae&s;tricht,</HI> into the hands of the Po&s;t-Ma|&s;ter of <HI>France,</HI> who was to acquaint the Court that he had received them. But &s;ee|ing it was not ju&s;t that the &s;ubjects of the <HI>States-General</HI> &s;hould have freedom to trade
<PB N="166" REF="89">alone with the Pa&s;&s;ports of <HI>France,</HI> whil&s;t the &s;ubjects of that King might &s;uffer pre|judice by the <HI>Spani&s;h</HI> men of War, notwith|&s;tanding the Pa&s;&s;port of the States; the <HI>Dutch</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors engaged them&s;elves to procure from the Duke <HI>de Villa Hermo&s;a,</HI> as many Pa&s;&s;ports for the <HI>French,</HI> as <HI>France</HI> &s;hould give to the States.</P>
<P>The <HI>French</HI> King continued to te&s;tifie the &s;incerity of his intentions by ratifying the Treaty of Peace without delay. On the 22. a Courier brought the Ratification to <HI>Nimueguen;</HI> and at the &s;ame time his Ma|je&s;ty appointed the Count <HI>d' Avaux</HI> to be his Amba&s;&s;ador Extraordinary to the <HI>States-General.</HI> The terms wherein his Maje&s;ty wrote to them on that &s;ubject, te&s;tified the affection that he had for that Republick, by the choice he made of a &s;ubject whom he judged the fitte&s;t to renew the ancient ties of amity which the late times had inter|rupted.</P>
<P>The Amba&s;&s;adors of <HI>Denmark</HI> and <HI>Bran|denbourg,</HI> who could not but with great trouble &s;ee the great di&s;po&s;ition that ap|peared for the Peace of <HI>Spain,</HI> made the &s;ame day a vigorous Remon&s;trance to the Amba&s;&s;adors of that Crown. They doubt|ed not, but that the glory that was to be ac|quired in &s;ignifying the &s;ame con&s;tancy after
<PB N="167" REF="89">the unexpected &s;igning of the <HI>Dutch</HI> Peace, would render them &s;tedfa&s;t and un&s;haken in the ob&s;ervation of their Treaties of Alliance. They &s;aid that their Ma&s;ters de|&s;ired nothing more than the repo&s;e of Chri|&s;tendom; but that their Enemy propo&s;ed the Law to them, in&s;tead of admitting a Treaty upon the conditions which might conduce to a General Peace.</P>
<P>The&s;e Amba&s;&s;adors employed afterwards all their Eloquence to divert <HI>Spain</HI> from the cour&s;e they &s;aw it taking; they repre&s;ent|ed to them, That the con&s;tancy of that Crown was alone capable to reclaim tho&s;e who had deviated from their duty through the influence of the Cabal, and the levity of &s;ome who under&s;tood not how dear faith and &s;incerity ought to be to a Free State. That what <HI>France</HI> left to <HI>Spain</HI> by that Peace, in the <HI>Netherlands,</HI> was rather to exhau&s;t its Trea&s;ures, than that they in|tended to leave that crown in the peaceable po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ion thereof. That they hoped <HI>Spain</HI> would not yield to the common Enemy the glory of being more con&s;tant in favours of their Allies, than them&s;elves. In fine, that if their Ma&s;ters found them&s;elves for|&s;aken and abu&s;ed, they would have care a|nother time how they helped to quench the fire, &s;ince they &s;aw them&s;elves &s;o ill reward|ed for their pains.</P>
<PB N="168" REF="90">
<P>On the 24. the Articles that were made betwixt the two Armies, were brought to <HI>Nimueguen.</HI> They were both at the &s;ame time to draw off to an equal di&s;tance from before <HI>Mons;</HI> but the Troops that block|ed up the place, were not to retire till two days after. In the mean time there were va|rious reports of the Ratification of the States-General. All the Provinces at that time held their &s;everal A&s;&s;emblies to give their re&s;olutions as to that point to the States, who &s;eemed le&s;s inclined than the Provinces to keep their word, and corre|&s;pond with the exactitude with which <HI>France</HI> &s;eemed to act in execution of the &s;igned Treaty.</P>
<P>The <HI>Heer Beverning</HI> returned to <HI>Nimue|guen</HI> on the 27. where having conferred with Amba&s;&s;ador <HI>Jenkins,</HI> who had recei|ved new in&s;tructions from <HI>England,</HI> he had audience of the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors, and would have them to under&s;tand that his Ma&s;ters were &s;o far engaged to procure the peace of <HI>Spain,</HI> that they would be very glad to &s;ee the difficulties that hinder'd the conclu&s;ion of it, removed, before they ra|tified the Peace which they them&s;elves had made; and that his Maje&s;ty of <HI>Great Bri|tain</HI> had by Mr. <HI>Hyde</HI> his Amba&s;sador Ex|traordinary and Plenipotentiary, whom he
<PB N="169" REF="90">had &s;ent purpo&s;ely to the <HI>Hague,</HI> made ve|ry pre&s;&s;ing in&s;tances to them on that &s;ubject in favour of <HI>Spain.</HI></P>
<P>The truth is, the expre&s;&s;ions of the Me|moir which that Amba&s;&s;ador gave to the <HI>States-General</HI> on the 25th agreed not with the procedure that <HI>England</HI> had hitherto held for promoting of the peace. That King made known to the <HI>States</HI> that he was &s;urpri&s;ed to under&s;tand that they had &s;ign|ed a &s;eparate peace without including <HI>Spain,</HI> and without any Guarantee for the evacuation of the places within the time limited. That &s;ince the new preten&s;ions which <HI>France</HI> formed to the County of <HI>Beaumont</HI> and the Town of <HI>Bouvignes,</HI> re|tarded the accompli&s;hment of the peace, his Maje&s;ty thought that the condition put in|to the la&s;t Treaty was fallen; and that he and the <HI>States-General</HI> were equally obli|ged to enter into a joynt War again&s;t <HI>France.</HI> That if the <HI>States</HI> would refu&s;e to ratifie what they had &s;igned at <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> his Maje&s;ty of <HI>Great Britain</HI> offers to de|clare actual War again&s;t <HI>France.</HI></P>
<P>The <HI>States-General</HI> having already made great in&s;tances to the King of <HI>England,</HI> that he would u&s;e his power with the <HI>French</HI> King for obtaining for them the Neutrality of the Countrey of <HI>Cleves</HI>
<PB N="170" REF="91">and <HI>Juliers,</HI> the Amba&s;&s;ador of his Maje&s;ty of <HI>Great Britain</HI> by the &s;ame Memoir a&s;|&s;ured them, That the King his Ma&s;ter know|ing it to be no le&s;s nece&s;&s;ary to the States, that their Provinces &s;hould be covered on that &s;ide, than on the &s;ide of <HI>Flanders,</HI> he was ready upon that account to enter with them into what mea&s;ures they &s;hould judg convenient; and that the obtaining of that &s;ecurity depended only on them&s;elves.</P>
<P>In the mean time the Forces that were newly rai&s;ed in <HI>England</HI> for the a&s;&s;i&s;tance of the <HI>Low-countreys,</HI> pa&s;&s;ed daily over in|to <HI>Flanders</HI> by <HI>O&s;tend.</HI> Some of them at <HI>Bruges</HI> upon a mi&s;take had &s;uffered a Riot from the Rabble upon the account of Re|ligion; and the <HI>Flemings,</HI> who are Catho|licks, were not well plea&s;ed with Heretical &s;uccors. But the <HI>Spaniards,</HI> who found in their Confederates, and the King of <HI>Great Britain,</HI> &s;o great a di&s;po&s;ition of maintaining their Intere&s;ts, re&s;ted &s;atisfi'd, and &s;hewed no more de&s;ire for the conclu&s;ion of the peace.</P>
<P>They found &s;ome advantage by that de|lay; for the <HI>French</HI> Forces being now by the Treaty of <HI>Mons</HI> retired out of the <HI>Spa|ni&s;h</HI> Territories, attempted no enterpri&s;e; and <HI>France</HI> being uncertain of the i&s;&s;ue of the <HI>Spani&s;h</HI> peace, and of the ratification of the <HI>Dutch</HI> Treaties, their Forces could not
<PB N="171" REF="91">march into <HI>Germany,</HI> where they had alrea|dy ruined the affairs of the Emperor and Empire. Be&s;ides, the <HI>Spaniards</HI> by the de|bates which they &s;tarted concerning the difficulties in which they were &s;o well &s;up|ported, in &s;ome manner &s;aved the honour of their Nation; and they had at lea&s;t the advantage of not receiving the Law with|out di&s;putes and oppo&s;itions; which was &s;o far from rendering their conditions wor&s;e, that it could not, on the contrary, but procure for them more advantageous terms.</P>
<P>On the fir&s;t of <HI>September</HI> 1678. the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors by an Expre&s;s from Court received new in&s;tructions, and in the conference which they had the &s;ame day with the <HI>Dutch</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors, they told them, That for the good of the general peace, they had power to remit in their preten&s;ions. So that next day the conferen|ces were again renewed at the hou&s;e of the <HI>Dutch</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors, who carried the propo&s;itions and an&s;wers back and for, be|twixt the <HI>French</HI> and <HI>Spaniards,</HI> who were in &s;everal rooms. The Articles in contro|ver&s;ie were adju&s;ted on the mornings and forenoons meetings. Next day they conti|nued; but the difficulties that were rai&s;ed concerning the condition of the places
<PB N="172" REF="92">which the <HI>French</HI> King was to deliver up, as well in re&s;pect of Ammunition and Ar|tillery, as of the Fortifications, hindered the Treaty from any great progre&s;s.</P>
<P>Tho&s;e whom it mo&s;t concerned to pre|vent the peace with <HI>Spain,</HI> omitted nothing that could put a &s;top to it; and upon a pretext that <HI>France</HI> kept not to the &s;ole Ar|ticles of the ninth of <HI>April,</HI> they made great noi&s;e in <HI>England,</HI> and engaged his Maje&s;ty of <HI>Great Britain</HI> &s;o far, by many proceed|ings conform to their intentions, that in the &s;equel it would not be ea&s;ie for him to a|bandon any of their concerns. One of the chief means they made u&s;e of at <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> to break off the peace with <HI>Spain,</HI> was to get the Mediators to propo&s;e a Truce for &s;ix months, during which they hoped that the differences of all the Princes who were engaged in the War, might be happily end|ed. But hitherto their opinions as to that were quite different, &s;eeing they had refu|&s;ed all the Truces that had been propo&s;ed to them. In the mean time the Northern Confederates made great preparatives for putting in execution a new enterpri&s;e, which they de&s;igned upon the I&s;le of <HI>Ru|gen.</HI></P>
<P>Matters were in &s;uch a &s;tate, that the de|ci&s;ion of one difficulty &s;eemed to be the
<PB N="173" REF="92">nece&s;&s;ary cau&s;e of another; and that &s;o great an affair as Peace could not be brought forth without great &s;tratagems. The &s;eventh and eighth were &s;pent in the <HI>Heer Bevernings</HI> frequent coming and go|ing to demand of the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors the clearing of &s;everal doubts which the <HI>Spaniards</HI> rai&s;ed to all the Articles of the Treaty, &s;aying that they had &s;ecret notices, which being but confu&s;ed, rendered them &s;crupulous and di&s;tru&s;tful upon the &s;malle&s;t appearances. In fine, they demanded an ex|plication concerning the Chattelleny of <HI>Aith,</HI> which was the ground of a difficulty of little le&s;s con&s;equence than that of <HI>Bon|vignes</HI> and <HI>Beaumont.</HI></P>
<P>Since that <HI>Chattelleny</HI> was yeilded to the <HI>French</HI> King by the Treaty of <HI>Aix la Cha|pelle,</HI> his Maje&s;ty di&s;membred &s;everal Villa|ges from it, and adjected them to the go|vernment of <HI>Tournay,</HI> and in that &s;tate the King pretended to deliver back this <HI>Chat|telleny;</HI> but whether the <HI>Spaniards</HI> thought fit of them&s;elves to demand that explicati|on, or that they were put upon it by others, they de&s;ired a particular clau&s;e concerning that to be put into the Treaty; and upon the refu&s;al of the <HI>French</HI> Ambaba&s;&s;adors, they framed a Memoir, which they gave to the <HI>States-General.</HI></P>
<PB N="174" REF="93">
<P>They &s;aid that the di&s;membring of the <HI>Chattelleny</HI> of <HI>Aith</HI> made by the <HI>French</HI> King, ab&s;orped the chief part thereof; that no le&s;s lay at &s;take than &s;eventy Villages, and the City of <HI>Leuze,</HI> which is but a league and a half di&s;tant from <HI>Aith.</HI> That &s;ince his mo&s;t Chri&s;tian Maje&s;ty had in the con|ditions made no re&s;ervation of the depen|dencies of that <HI>Chattelleny,</HI> as he had of <HI>Verge</HI> and <HI>Memin,</HI> depending on <HI>Courtray,</HI> the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors by refu&s;ing the clau&s;e demanded, &s;hewed but a captious fetch, that they might re&s;tore to <HI>Spain</HI> but a part of &s;o con&s;iderable a <HI>Chattelleny.</HI></P>
<P>The <HI>French</HI> were in great pain to know what could have given the <HI>Spaniards</HI> ground at that time to make that reflection upon the di&s;membring of the <HI>Chattelleny</HI> of <HI>Aith,</HI> and to think that the de&s;ign of the <HI>French</HI> was to make their advantage of the omi&s;&s;i|on that might have been made thereof in the Treaty. The truth is, the <HI>Spaniards</HI> would have had no ground of complaining if <HI>Aith</HI> and its <HI>Chattelleny</HI> &s;hould have been re&s;tored to them in the condition that it has been &s;o long in.</P>
<P>They could not imagine what was the rea&s;on of this new emergent; but it was obvious, that the Prince <HI>de Lignes,</HI> who has a great E&s;tate in the di&s;membred part of
<PB N="175" REF="93">that <HI>Chattelleny,</HI> having &s;ent a Secretary to <HI>Nimueguen</HI> upon the account that it con|cerned him to have his Lands return again to the <HI>Spani&s;h</HI> Dominion, had without doubt given the <HI>Spaniards</HI> information of that affair, and of the nece&s;&s;ity of in&s;erting a clau&s;e concerning it in the Treaty.</P>
<P>The <HI>Heer Beverning</HI> acted not in that af|fair with the &s;ame zeal as he had formerly made appear. The di&s;ta&s;ts he had received the la&s;t time that he had been at the <HI>Hague,</HI> made him proceed much more &s;lowly than his u&s;ual application did allow: for after all the pains he had taken to end a War which the <HI>&V;nited Provinces</HI> could no lon|ger &s;upport, he little expected to have his conduct blamed. Neverthele&s;s they endea|voured to let him &s;ee that there were &s;eve|ral faults and con&s;iderable omi&s;&s;ions in the Treaty which he had &s;igned.</P>
<P>The five principal were the&s;e: Fir&s;t, that in the Preface the <HI>French</HI> King &s;eemed to be the Protector of the <HI>States-General,</HI> though it contain no term but what is conform to his Maje&s;ties Letters, and the an&s;wers of the States. Secondly, That the Neutrality to which the <HI>States-General</HI> were engaged by that Treaty, was indefinite, and by con&s;e|quent might be extended beyond the pre|&s;ent War. Thirdly, That the <HI>Heer Bevern|ing</HI>
<PB N="176" REF="94">had exceeded his commi&s;&s;ion, in having obliged the <HI>States</HI> to warrant the Neutrality of <HI>Spain.</HI> Fourthly, That he had omitted an Article of <HI>Amni&s;tie</HI> and <HI>Oblivion,</HI> which ought mutually to be &s;tipulated in all treat|ties of Peace. And La&s;tly, That he had forgot to mention the <HI>Barriere,</HI> which the <HI>French</HI> King granted to <HI>Spain,</HI> in con&s;idera|tion, and for the &s;ecurity of the <HI>States Ge|neral.</HI></P>
<P>Though mo&s;t of tho&s;e faults were more grounded on the di&s;content of tho&s;e who regretted the conclu&s;ion of the Peace, than on any important or dangerous con&s;e|quence; yet the <HI>French</HI> King was wil|ling to &s;atisfie the <HI>States General</HI> in any thing that might farther concern them. And &s;eeing the indefinite term of their Neu|tralitie, and the warranting of that into which <HI>Spain</HI> was to enter, were the points that appeared to be of greate&s;t importance. the explication thereof which the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors gave to the <HI>Dutch,</HI> according to the de&s;ire of the <HI>States,</HI> was approved and ratified by his Maje&s;ty at <HI>Fontainblean,</HI> the 5th of <HI>September,</HI> in the &s;ame manner as if it had been in&s;erted in the Treaty.</P>
<P>The <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors under&s;tood by the Letters which Courier brought them on the 9th, that the Court was per&s;waded that
<PB N="177" REF="94">there would be greater difficulty in conclu|ding the Treaty with <HI>Spain,</HI> than had been at fir&s;t imagined; and that was partly the cau&s;e why the <HI>French</HI> King gave Orders to the Count <HI>d' Avaux</HI> to go with all diligence to the <HI>Hague,</HI> where his Maje&s;ty judged his pre&s;ence nece&s;&s;ary. But &s;eeing affairs ap|peared then to be in a better &s;tate at <HI>Nimue|guen</HI> than was believed at Court, that Am|ba&s;&s;ador departed not. However another Courier having on the 10th brought a com|promi&s;e from the King, whereby his Maje&s;ty referred to the <HI>States-General</HI> the deci&s;ion of all the differences that retarded the con|clu&s;ion of the Peace with <HI>Spain.</HI> The Count <HI>d' Avaux</HI> arrived on the 11th at the <HI>Hague,</HI> where it was not difficult for him to ob&s;erve that there were many there fully inclined to introduce (if they could) &s;ome change in the State, whereinto the &s;igning of the Peace had put the affairs of the <HI>&V;nited Provinces.</HI></P>
<P>Neverthele&s;s it was already known, that all the Provinces had con&s;ented to the rati|fication of the Peace, &s;ome ab&s;olutely, and others upon conditions which they &s;ubmit|ted to the determination of the States; in|&s;omuch that before the end of &s;ix weeks the Ratifications might be exchanged if no dif|ficulties &s;topt the conclu&s;ion of the Peace with <HI>Spain.</HI></P>
<PB N="178" REF="95">
<P>In the mean time the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> forces that in &s;o great number came over into the <HI>Low-countreys,</HI> bred great umbrages in <HI>Holland;</HI> the people could not tell what need there was of an A&s;&s;i&s;tance that came not till the peace was concluded. And &s;eeing they were not as yet totally cured of the doubts they had conceived of the &s;incerity of <HI>France,</HI> no more than of the jealou&s;ie that &s;ome en|tertained of the too great authority of the Prince of <HI>Orange;</HI> mo&s;t part knew not but the peace which was made, might be an oc|ca&s;ion to make them fall the more ea&s;ily under a dominion, the encrea&s;e of which was po&s;&s;ibly one of the rea&s;ons that made them embrace the peace.</P>
<P>In fine, a Courier on the 13th having brought Letters from the <HI>French</HI> King, whereby his Maje&s;ty removed all ob&s;tacles that hindered the conclu&s;ion of the peace with <HI>Spain;</HI> the Count <HI>d' Avaux</HI> returned on the 17th to <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> and in the Con|ference which he had that day at the <HI>Dutch</HI> Amba&s;&s;ador's hou&s;e, that la&s;ted till two of the clock afternoon, all the Articles were a|greed upon, and that the peace &s;hould be &s;igned that evening. The <HI>Spani&s;h</HI> Amba&s;&s;a|dors cau&s;ed the Treaty to be tran&s;lated in|to <HI>Spani&s;h,</HI> and the Tran&s;lation was exami|ned by Mr. <HI>Colbert,</HI> who found two or three
<PB N="179" REF="95">words to be amended, which did not exactly quadrate with the &s;en&s;e of the <HI>French.</HI></P>
<P>Seeing the <HI>Dutch</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors had been the Mediators of the Peace betwixt <HI>France</HI> and <HI>Spain,</HI> their hou&s;e was thought the mo&s;t convenient place to &s;ign the Peace at. They cau&s;ed their Hall of Audience to be prepa|red for that Ceremony. They entered it by a great door about the middle; the Chair of State &s;tood at one end, on the left hand of the door, and the Chimney ju&s;t oppo&s;ite on the right. The <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors room had an Entry into the Hall on the &s;ide of the Chimney; and that which was ap|pointed for the Amba&s;&s;adors of <HI>Spain,</HI> had its Entry on that of the Chair of State. There was a long Table &s;et cro&s;s the Hall, one end of it towards the door, and the other to|wards the windows; but &s;eeing the <HI>French</HI> would not have the Chair of State to be on the <HI>Spani&s;h</HI> &s;ide, it behoved to be removed; and the Chimney which was on the right hand as one entred, making too great a di|&s;tinction on that &s;ide, the <HI>Dutch</HI> Amba&s;&s;a|dors cau&s;ed it to be covered with a piece of Tapi&s;try, that none in their hou&s;e might have any cau&s;e of di&s;content.</P>
<P>The <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors came to the <HI>Dutch</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors Hou&s;e about nine of the clock at night with &s;everal Coaches filled
<PB N="180" REF="96">with Gentlemen. They were no &s;ooner in their Chamber, but the <HI>Heer Beverning</HI> gave them notice that all things were rea|dy; and having the Treaties in his hand, he went and &s;ate down at the upper end of the Table, and the <HI>Heer Haaren</HI> his Col|league at the other end. At the &s;ame time were opened the doors of the two Cham|bers, and the Amba&s;&s;adors advanced in equal pace from their &s;everal Apartments, walk|ing all three a brea&s;t. As matters were di&s;po|&s;ed, the Amba&s;&s;adors of <HI>Spain</HI> had two di&s;|advantages; fir&s;t, that they were on the left hand as they entred the Hall: and next, that advancing to the Table in the rank which they were to keep, the Marque&s;s <HI>de los Balba&s;es</HI> was forced to give his Col|leagues the right hand, becau&s;e otherways he could not &s;it oppo&s;ite to the Mar&s;hal <HI>d' E&s;trades,</HI> nor at the upper end of the Ta|ble.</P>
<P>All the Amba&s;&s;adors &s;ate down at the &s;ame time, the Gentlemen on either &s;ide &s;tanding at the backs of their Chairs. The Mar&s;hal <HI>d' E&s;trades,</HI> and the Marque&s;s <HI>de los Balba&s;es,</HI> took each of them a Pen, and at the &s;ame time &s;igned the Treaty which the <HI>Heer Beverning</HI> pre&s;ented to them. Then the other Amba&s;&s;adors took the Treaty and the Pen, and &s;igned it in the &s;ame colume,
<PB N="181" REF="96">every one on the right hand of his Treaty, and exchanged them after the fir&s;t &s;igning. The <HI>French</HI> &s;igned that of <HI>Spain,</HI> and the <HI>Spaniards</HI> that of <HI>France</HI> in one colume, to the left of the former, leaving room for the &s;eals, which the Secretaries took care to place at the end of every &s;ub&s;cription. This being done, all the Amba&s;&s;adors aro&s;e, and complimented one another &s;tanding, during the &s;pace of half a quarter of an hour; af|ter which they returned to their Chambers as before, from whence they &s;everally reti|red to their Lodgings.</P>
<P>Next day after the &s;igning of the Trea|ty of Peace, the Count <HI>d' Avaux</HI> with his whole Train parted for <HI>Nimueguen</HI> by wa|ter in quality of Amba&s;&s;ador Extraordinary to the <HI>States-General,</HI> who told him upon his arrival, that the Ratification of the Treaty was &s;ent to <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> where they were exchanged on the 20th with all the te&s;timonies of mutual &s;atisfaction among the Amba&s;&s;adors, who gave marks of their good intelligence by fea&s;ting and mutual rejoycings.</P>
<P>The Northern Confederates were at that time more than ever inclined to con&s;ent to a truce; but the <HI>Suedes</HI> would not ab&s;o|lutely agree to it: they would have wil|lingly accepted of it in <HI>Pomerania,</HI> becau&s;e
<PB N="182" REF="97">they had ground to fear that the great lo&s;|&s;es they had there &s;u&s;tained, might be fol|lowed by others more con&s;iderable; but they were not for it in <HI>Schonen,</HI> where their affairs were in a better condition, by the taking of <HI>Chri&s;tian&s;tadt,</HI> which they had at length made them&s;elves Ma&s;ters of. How|ever the lo&s;&s;es they felt in <HI>Pomerania,</HI> were of greater importance to them than all they could gain el&s;ewhere. The Confederates at <HI>Nimueguen</HI> were at that time much &s;urpri&s;ed at the news of the death of the Bi&s;hop of <HI>Mun&s;ter;</HI> they had rea&s;on to fear that it might bring &s;ome alteration to the projects that they were forming. However the great preparations that the King of <HI>Denmark</HI> and Elector of <HI>Brandenbourg</HI> were making a|gain&s;t the I&s;le of <HI>Rugen,</HI> were not at all re|tarded. The Elector embarked his forces in &s;everal &s;hips, and was him&s;elf pre&s;ent at their landing; which was &s;o happily con|ducted, that in le&s;s than a day he render'd him&s;elf Ma&s;ter of the whole I&s;le, and with|out lo&s;ing of time he went and be&s;ieged <HI>Stral&s;ond,</HI> which he took two days after he had begun to batter it.</P>
</DIV2>
<DIV2 TYPE="section">
<P><HI>Octob.</HI> 1678. The peace with the United Provinces was proclaimed at the <HI>Hague</HI> on the 28th of <HI>September;</HI> and on the fifth of
<PB N="183" REF="97"><HI>October</HI> publick rejoycings were &s;olemnized throughout all the Towns of the United Provinces, except <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> becau&s;e that Town being Neutral, and appointed for the Treaty of the General Peace, it did not &s;eem expedient that they who by a &s;eparate Treaty were freed from the calamities of War, &s;hould therefore rejoyce in pre&s;ence of tho&s;e who &s;till lay under the burden thereof. And it was upon that account that the Amba&s;&s;adors of the Emperor and of the other Confederates, de&s;ired the Amba&s;&s;a|dors of the <HI>States-General</HI> that they would not &s;uffer any publick rejoycing to be made in that place before the conclu&s;ion of the General Peace.</P>
<P>The <HI>French</HI> King, who &s;eemed to be no le&s;s de&s;irous of the peace of the Empire, than of that of <HI>Spain,</HI> put him&s;elf in a po|&s;ture of making the Princes who were en|gaged in that War, to con&s;ent to it; and for that end he cau&s;ed a con&s;iderable body of his forces to march into the Countrey of <HI>Juliers</HI> under the command of Mon&s;ieur <HI>Calvo,</HI> who po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ed him&s;elf of <HI>Aix la Cha|pelle,</HI> whither part of the Ammunition of <HI>Mae&s;tricht,</HI> which then was evacuating, in order to its being rendered up to the <HI>States-General,</HI> was tran&s;ported, the re&s;t being car|ried by water to <HI>Huy,</HI> which was put in a
<PB N="184" REF="98">condition nece&s;&s;ary for the &s;ecurity of the Magazines.</P>
<P>What inclination, in the mean time, the <HI>French</HI> King made appear to the peace of <HI>Germany,</HI> the Mini&s;ters of the Emperor &s;till laboured to per&s;uade the Diet at <HI>Rati&s;|bon</HI> that his Maje&s;ty de&s;ired no peace, &s;ee|ing he propo&s;ed an Alternative of which both parts were equally impractible. They &s;aid that the Emperor could not render <HI>Philipsbourg,</HI> becau&s;e by the Leagues which he had made with mo&s;t of the Princes of the Empire, he had obliged him&s;elf to de|moli&s;h it, as a place prejudicial to their li|berty; and that if he delivered up <HI>Fri|bourg,</HI> he would thereby leave all <HI>Bri&s;gow</HI> and the Fore&s;t-Towns under the juri&s;dicti|on of <HI>France,</HI> and give the <HI>French</HI> a foot|ing in the Empire with more advantage than they had before by the po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ion of <HI>Philipsbourg.</HI></P>
<P>For overthrowing the&s;e rea&s;ons, which were thought pretexts to &s;tave off the Peace, and to render the intentions of the <HI>French</HI> King &s;u&s;pected; the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;|&s;adors declared in his Maje&s;ty's name, That he con&s;ented to the demoli&s;hing of <HI>Philip&s;|bourg;</HI> and that to remove from the Empe|ror and Empire all cau&s;es of jealou&s;ie and fear concerning <HI>Bri&s;gow</HI> and the Fore&s;t-Towns,
<PB N="185" REF="98">he was &s;atisfied with the City of <HI>Fribourg</HI> and three Villages under its juri&s;|diction. This propo&s;ition bla&s;ted all the rea&s;ons of impo&s;&s;ibility which were alledg|ed again&s;t the practability of the Alterna|tive on which the peace of <HI>Germany</HI> de|pended.</P>
<P>In the mean time all diligence was u&s;ed to put <HI>Mae&s;tricht</HI> in a condition of being render'd up to the <HI>States-General</HI> according to the intent of the Treaty of peace. And in effect, the Count <HI>d' Avaux</HI> having given his word to the <HI>States-General</HI> that it &s;hould be evacuated by the &s;ixth of <HI>October;</HI> the &s;ame day they took po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ion of it, with the greater &s;atisfaction to the <HI>Dutch,</HI> that there were &s;ome &s;till among&s;t them who continued to po&s;&s;e&s;s them with di&s;tru&s;t, and to per&s;uade the people that <HI>France</HI> intend|ed only to cheat them, and that the King would not &s;urrender <HI>Mae&s;tricht.</HI></P>
<P>The <HI>French</HI> Forces that po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ed almo&s;t all the pa&s;&s;es on the <HI>Rhine,</HI> were very un|ea&s;ie to all the Neighbouring Princes who were engaged in the War. The Duke of <HI>Newbourg,</HI> who had mo&s;t rea&s;on to fear, was the fir&s;t that de&s;ired of the <HI>States-Ge|neral</HI> that he might be comprehended in their Treaty, and enjoy the benefit of the Peace according to the 19th Article, which
<PB N="186" REF="99">gave them power to name their Allies with|in the &s;pace of &s;ix weeks, that they might be included in the Treaty. That Prince had the greater rea&s;on to hope that by this means he might put him&s;elf out of danger, in that he was really an Ally of the <HI>States,</HI> and that he had declared that he would ac|cept the Peace before the expiration of the &s;ix weeks.</P>
<P>The Elector of <HI>Mayence</HI> and <HI>Treves</HI> made the &s;ame Declaration, and the &s;ame demand to the <HI>States-General,</HI> by a Memoir which the Baron of <HI>Leyen</HI> pre&s;ented in their names at the <HI>Hague.</HI> But what in&s;tances &s;o|ever the States made in favour of tho&s;e Princes, and what a&s;&s;urances &s;oever they gave that the Emperor him&s;elf would ere long accept the Peace, they could not ob|tain any thing in a matter which they thought ju&s;t, and conform to the Article of their Treaty, before they heard the rea&s;ons which the <HI>French</HI> alledged again&s;t that pre|ten&s;ion.</P>
<P>On the 30th the Marque&s;s <HI>de los Balba&s;es</HI> returned from <HI>Bru&s;&s;els,</HI> whither he went af|ter the &s;igning of the Peace with <HI>Spain.</HI> It was thought that he brought the Ratifica|tion of the Treaty, becau&s;e the &s;ix weeks wherein the exchange was to be made, were expired the day before. Neverthele&s;s he
<PB N="187" REF="99">brought it not: but the <HI>French</HI> King hav|ing &s;ent an Expre&s;s to the Count <HI>d' Avaux,</HI> that Amba&s;&s;ador declared to the States on the fifth of <HI>November</HI> 1678. that notwith|&s;tanding the negligence of <HI>Spain,</HI> his Maje&s;ty was willing in con&s;ideration of them, to prolong the time of the exchange of the Ratifications until the 20th of that month. And by the next Courier that came, news was brought that in compliance with the in&s;tances of the Amba&s;&s;adors of the <HI>States-General,</HI> his Maje&s;ty had granted the whole Month.</P>
<P>At that time the Plenipotentiary of <HI>Lor|rain</HI> declared, That his Ma&s;ter accepted the Peace upon the terms propo&s;ed by the <HI>French</HI> King the 9th of <HI>April;</HI> and at the &s;ame time cho&s;e the &s;econd part of the Al|ternative, by which <HI>Nancy</HI> was to remain to his Maje&s;ty, who in exchange thereof gave him the City of <HI>Toul</HI> upon the conditions &s;pecified in the Article of the Kings pro|ject which concerns that Prince. The <HI>Nun|cio</HI> who promi&s;ed him&s;elf that all the&s;e par|ticular acceptations of Peace would termi|nate in the conclu&s;ion of the General Peace, employed all his care and pains with much zeal to incline the Emperors Amba&s;&s;a|dors, and the Mini&s;ters of other Catholick Princes, not to defer any longer the
<PB N="188" REF="100">compli&s;hment of &s;o great a ble&s;&s;ing.</P>
<P>The <HI>French</HI> King in the mean time well perceived that the&s;e Princes of the Empire con&s;ented only to a &s;eparate Peace, in pro|&s;pect of putting them&s;elves out of danger of his Arms, and not with de&s;ign to con|clude it upon conditions that re&s;pected the Empire in general, &s;eeing they de&s;ired no more but to be comprehended in the <HI>Dutch</HI> Treaty, and con&s;ented not to the reinforce|ment of the Treaties of <HI>We&s;tphalia,</HI> which granted free pa&s;&s;age to his Maje&s;ties forces through the Empire, &s;o often as it was ne|ce&s;&s;ary they &s;hould march that way for the execution of the &s;ame Treaties. And there|fore the King yeilded not to the de&s;ire of tho&s;e Princes, though the <HI>States-General,</HI> who made it a point of honour to procure them the benefit of their peace in the mid&s;t of War, pretended they had right to have them included in their Treaty.</P>
<P>The Count <HI>de Bouvean d' Epen&s;e,</HI> whom the King permitted the Spring before to take a journey to <HI>Berlin,</HI> to &s;ee the Elector of <HI>Brandenbourg</HI> his old Ma&s;ter, about that time came back to <HI>Nimueguen:</HI> though he was wholly addicted to the Intere&s;ts of his Electoral Highne&s;s before the War, yet his Maje&s;ty did not for all that repo&s;e le&s;s con|fidence in him; for upon his return from
<PB N="189" REF="100"><HI>Berlin,</HI> finding the King in <HI>Flanders</HI> after the taking of <HI>Ghent,</HI> his Maje&s;ty ordered him &s;till to wait upon him, de&s;igning to make u&s;e of all opportunities that might offer to renew a good corre&s;pondence with the Elector. And therefore he came to <HI>Ni|mueguen</HI> with particular in&s;tructions from the Court to contribute what he could to that peace; and the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors a|cted nothing without his con&s;ent, in the tran&s;actions that pa&s;&s;ed at <HI>Nimueguen</HI> con|cerning that Negotiation.</P>
<P>The Imperial Amba&s;&s;adors could not as yet re&s;olve to give their con&s;ent to the en|tire confirmation of the Treaties of <HI>We&s;t|phalia;</HI> it was the thing that created them mo&s;t trouble, and which was mo&s;t prejudi|cial to the Authority that the Emperor had acquired during this War. They declared, as the re&s;t did, that his Imperial Maje&s;ty ac|cepted the peace; but they con&s;ented not to the pa&s;&s;age of the <HI>French</HI> forces through the Empire, and they de&s;paired not but that they might even derogate from the&s;e Trea|ties, by tho&s;e which they were to make with <HI>France</HI> and <HI>Sueden.</HI> And as to the alterna|tive of <HI>Fribourg</HI> and <HI>Philipsbourg,</HI> they decla|red that the Emperor would yeild it to the King in the manner as the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;|&s;adors propo&s;ed.</P>
<PB N="190" REF="101">
<P>Seeing the <HI>States-General</HI> &s;till pretended that tho&s;e Princes ought to be included, who being their Allies, declared within &s;ix weeks after the exchange of the Ratifi|cations, that they accepted the Peace. The <HI>French</HI> King made appear by the Memoir, that the Count <HI>D' Avaux</HI> gave them on the 18th of <HI>November,</HI> 1678. that in that juncture the private Princes of the Empire could not be con&s;idered &s;eparately from the Emperor and Empire; and that they could not neither accept a &s;eparate peace upon the conditions propo&s;ed by the King, &s;eeing his Maje&s;ty had made no conditions for them in particular, but only for the Empe|ror and Empire in general; and that they ought all to be comprehended in one and the &s;ame Treaty.</P>
<P>That rea&s;on had not been &s;o good in re|&s;pect of the Emperor, who was expre&s;ly mentioned in the <HI>French</HI> Kings project; and the <HI>States-General</HI> would have willingly been a&s;tricted to the inclu&s;ion of him alone; but it was repre&s;ented to them, that his Im|perial Maje&s;ty could le&s;s pretend to the be|nefit of the <HI>Dutch</HI> Peace, than any other Prince, &s;ince the term of &s;ix weeks after the exchange of the Ratifications was expired without any formal acceptation of the con|ditions of the Peace by the Amba&s;&s;adors, in
<PB N="191" REF="101">the manner that they were propo&s;ed, for the Emperor had not as yet con&s;ented to the pa&s;&s;age which the Treaties of <HI>We&s;tphalia</HI> give the King through the Empire; &s;o that the not con&s;enting to the corroboration of the &s;ame Treaties, the fulfilling wher<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters">f was to give repo&s;e to <HI>Germany,</HI> m<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="3 letters"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="3 letters">l the Emperor's acceptation of the p<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="4 letters"></P>
<P>The <HI>States-General</HI> de&s;i&s;ted from that preten&s;ion; and &s;eeing that the <HI>Spaniards</HI> did not ratifie the peace, and that it was uncertain what might be the effect of this long delay, they began to fear that if the time granted by the <HI>French</HI> King &s;hould ex|pire, and <HI>Spain</HI> not ratifie the Treaty, the War might begin afre&s;h in the Neighbour|ing Provinces to them, and that they might be thereby deprived of the mo&s;t con&s;idera|ble advantage which they expected from their peace. Upon this con&s;ideration the States be&s;ought his Maje&s;ty further to pro|long the time of the exchange of the Rati|fications; but the King on the 30th not only acquainted them, that in con&s;ideration of them he was willing &s;till to grant fifteen days as the longe&s;t delay; but his Maje&s;ty al&s;o a&s;&s;ured them, that he was ready to re|move all the apprehen&s;ions they might have for the <HI>Spani&s;h</HI> Towns on their frontiers; and that he would even deliver up into
<PB N="192" REF="102">their hands tho&s;e places which he was wil|ling to render to <HI>Spain,</HI> to be kept by them until the con&s;ummation of the peace with that Crown.</P>
<P>At the &s;ame time the <HI>French</HI> King requi|red of the <HI>States-General,</HI> that in pur&s;uance of the Treaty of peace, they would cau&s;e to be paid to him the Arrears of Contribu|tions of the Countrey of <HI>Kuyck,</HI> the May|ordom of <HI>Boi&s;-le-duc,</HI> the Barony of <HI>Breda,</HI> and of the Marqui&s;ate of <HI>Bergen-op-zoom;</HI> and that they would draw their forces out of the Countrey of <HI>Leige:</HI> that otherways his Maje&s;ty would have cau&s;e to take the longer abode of their forces in that Coun|trey, as a violation of the Treaty, and a ta|cit a&s;&s;i&s;tance given to the Prince of <HI>Liege</HI> his Enemy.</P>
<P>The Negotiation of the peace of the Em|pire, proceeded &s;till very &s;lowly, and the <HI>Spaniards</HI> made no ha&s;te to exchange their Ratifications; and therefore his Maje&s;ty cau&s;ed to be declared to the Amba&s;&s;adors of the Emperor, That if in the Month of <HI>De|cember</HI> they did not conclude the peace, his Maje&s;ty would not afterward con&s;ent to it upon the &s;ame conditions. And to oblige <HI>Spain</HI> to ha&s;ten the Ratification, the King ordered that <HI>Ghent</HI> and the Countrey of <HI>Waas</HI> &s;houle pay contributions proportion|able
<PB N="193" REF="102">to the great number of Forces that he was obliged to maintain in the <HI>Low-coun|treys</HI> until the ratification of the peace. So that all the Countrey which was to be ren|der'd to <HI>Spain,</HI> &s;uffer'd more in that &s;hort time, than it had done during the whole cour&s;e of the War; and all that, that it might not be &s;aid that the <HI>Spaniards</HI> had abandoned the Emperor by ratifying their peace before that his Imperial Maje&s;ty had concluded his own.</P>
<P>So great was the terror at that time throughout the whole Dutchy of <HI>Cleves,</HI> that upon the noi&s;e of the approach of the <HI>French</HI> Forces, mo&s;t part of the Inhabitants left the Countrey, not doubting but that notwith&s;tanding the contributions that they &s;hould pay, the <HI>French</HI> King would po&s;&s;e&s;s him&s;elf of the Dutchy of <HI>Cleves,</HI> to oblige the Elector of <HI>Brandenbourg</HI> to give &s;atisfaction to <HI>Sueden,</HI> the affairs whereof could not be wor&s;e than they were in <HI>Pomerania,</HI> &s;eeing that <HI>Grip&s;wald,</HI> which was the only place that the <HI>Suedes</HI> retained in that Province, had &s;urrender'd to the E|lector of <HI>Brandenbourg,</HI> and that by that means the <HI>Suedes</HI> were wholly beat out of <HI>Germany.</HI></P>
<P>The King of <HI>Denmark</HI> neverthele&s;s was &s;en&s;ible, that notwith&s;tanding the advanta|ges
<PB N="194" REF="103">that he and his Allies might have over <HI>Sueden, France</HI> had &s;o declared for the in|tire &s;atisfaction of that King, and &s;o pub|lickly e&s;pou&s;ed his Intere&s;ts, that it was in vain to imagine they could obtain other ad|vantages from that War, than what the <HI>French</HI> King thought fit to allow them. In pro&s;pect of this, his <HI>Dani&s;h</HI> Maje&s;ty cau&s;ed his Envoy at the <HI>Hague</HI> to negotiate &s;ecret|ly with the Count <HI>D' Avaux:</HI> That Prince prote&s;ted that he re&s;igned all his Intere&s;ts into the <HI>French</HI> Kings hands; that he de&s;i|red no other Mediation than that of his Maje&s;ty; and that he would conform to a|ny thing that it &s;hould plea&s;e him to ap|point. But no po&s;itive an&s;wer was made to all the&s;e general propo&s;itions; there was a nece&s;&s;ity of coming to the preci&s;e point, if any thing was to be expected to be done.</P>
</DIV2>
<DIV2 TYPE="section">
<P>The <HI>Spani&s;h</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors received the Ratification of the Peace in the beginning of <HI>December</HI> 1678. but &s;eeing the <HI>French</HI> King had granted them until the 15th for making the exchange, they endeavoured to draw &s;ome advantage from the &s;hort time that &s;till remained; &s;aying that they could not deliver the Ratification until they had the interpretation which they demanded of &s;ome Articles of the Treaty, and e&s;pecially
<PB N="195" REF="103">concerning the <HI>Me&s;&s;ine&s;es,</HI> whom they would have excluded from the Treaty, which ex|tended an Oblivion to all the Rebel-&s;ub|jects of his Catholick Maje&s;ty.</P>
<P>The rea&s;on that was given why the <HI>Spa|niards</HI> did not what they could to hinder the <HI>Me&s;&s;ine&s;es</HI> from enjoying the pardon that the <HI>French</HI> King procured them by the Treaty, was that &s;everal Grandees of <HI>Spain</HI> had obtained the confi&s;cation of the chief Rebels of <HI>Me&s;&s;ina;</HI> and that the in|tere&s;t they had to bring things &s;o about, that by virtue of the Treaty they &s;hould not have power to di&s;po&s;e of their E&s;tates, was one of the chief rea&s;ons that had &s;o long deferred the Ratification, and by con|&s;equent had ruined &s;o many private Fami|lies in <HI>Flanders.</HI></P>
<P>The <HI>Spaniards</HI> likewi&s;e demanded, That in ca&s;e the Commi&s;&s;ioners that &s;hould be ap|pointed by the two Kings to make ex|change of the Villages which they &s;hould find prejudicial to the &s;etling of the limits, could not agree among&s;t them&s;elves as to the value of the exchanges, the difference &s;hould be referred to the determination of the King of <HI>England.</HI> But the <HI>French</HI> Am|ba&s;&s;adors conde&s;cended to none of tho&s;e un&s;ea&s;onable demands, being re&s;olved rather to break off, than to innovate the lea&s;t
<PB N="196" REF="104">thing in the Articles that were agreed upon.</P>
<P>The <HI>States-General</HI> made even a Decla|ration to the Count <HI>D' Avaux</HI> on the 13. that they not only de&s;i&s;ted from the inclu|&s;ion which they pretended to give to the Emperor, and Princes of the Empire; but that they would likewi&s;e abandon the <HI>Spa|niards,</HI> if they ratifi'd not the Treaty with|in fifteen days, being unwilling to impor|tune the <HI>French</HI> King for a longer delay; and that they hoped in a &s;hort time to in|cline the Emperor to accept the peace.</P>
<P>In effect, the Imperiali&s;ts on the 12. gave their counter-project, wherein neverthele&s;s they changed their mind as to the option that they had already made of <HI>Philipsbourg,</HI> and added &s;everal Articles which were not conform to what was agreed unto with the Mediators. They demanded that the <HI>French</HI> King &s;hould indempnifie all tho&s;e of the Empire who had &s;uffered any damage du|ring the War. That the Princes of <HI>Fur|&s;tembourg</HI> &s;hould by their &s;ubmi&s;&s;ions crave pardon of, and make publick &s;atisfaction to the Emperor for having e&s;pou&s;ed con|trary Intere&s;ts. And that the King &s;hould not have the Soveraignty over all the Ways that he demanded in <HI>Lorrain.</HI></P>
<PB N="197" REF="104">
<P>The&s;e propo&s;itions quite contrary to the project which the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors gave to the Mediators, who approved all the Articles therein contained, made the &s;ince|rity of the de&s;ire and conduct of the Im|periali&s;ts to be doubted of, or at lea&s;t they made their ordinary irre&s;olution appear; particularly touching the choice of the Al|ternative; about which having once de|clared them&s;elves, they ought not to be ad|mitted to change again. But the truth was, they never imagined that the <HI>French</HI> King liked <HI>Fribourg</HI> as well as <HI>Philipsbourg,</HI> but that yielding to him the latter, they would put his Maje&s;ty to a plunge, in&s;omuch that the de&s;ire that he would have to make them change their choice, might produce &s;ome advantage for them. But they were no le&s;s mi&s;taken in that point, than in their hopes of getting new Articles in&s;erted into the Treaty; for the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors would not admit of any, nor derogate in the lea&s;t from the Treaties of <HI>We&s;tphalia,</HI> except in the Alternative of <HI>Fribourg</HI> for <HI>Philip&s;|bourg.</HI></P>
<P>The <HI>Spaniards</HI> had now &s;pun out the time until the end of the la&s;t delay which the <HI>French</HI> King had granted to them, but found no way longer to defer the exchange of the Ratifications, nor any hopes that the
<PB N="198" REF="105"><HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors would grant them the lea&s;t thing of what they remanded &s;ince the &s;igning of the Treaty. So that on the 15. they delivered their Ratification. The ex|change was made without any ceremony at the Hou&s;e of the Amba&s;&s;adors of the <HI>States General,</HI> whither the Secretaries went to fetch them. But the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors finding that the Ratification of <HI>Spain</HI> was not altogether in the form that it ought to have been in, they declared that they accept|ed it no otherways than in &s;o far as it &s;hould plea&s;e the King their Ma&s;ter.</P>
<P>The Imperiali&s;ts finding the <HI>French</HI> Am|ba&s;&s;adors as inflexible in re&s;pect of them, as they had been in regard of the <HI>Spaniards,</HI> de&s;paired of obtaining liberty to change the choice which they had already made of the Alternative; &s;o that on the 24. they de|clared that they &s;tood to the Election that they had made of <HI>Philipsbourg;</HI> and that they might not &s;pend the whole Month, af|ter which the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors had de|clared to them that the King would not ad|here longer to the conditions of the 9th of <HI>April,</HI> they entred into publick conference, that they might in good earne&s;t endeavour the conclu&s;ion of the peace. The&s;e Confer|ences were held in the Town-hou&s;e, where the Amba&s;&s;adors of the Emperor, <HI>France,</HI>
<PB N="199" REF="105">and <HI>Sueden,</HI> with the Mediator <HI>Jenkins,</HI> had all &s;eparate rooms.</P>
<P>Tho' the Nuncio employed him&s;elf very u&s;efully for promoting the peace, yet he appeared not as publick Mediator, becau&s;e <HI>Rome</HI> and <HI>England</HI> could not join in one Mediation; and that <HI>England</HI> was admitted by all the other Princes who were concern|ed in that Negotiation. The Amba&s;&s;adors of <HI>Denmark</HI> and <HI>Brandenbourg</HI> endeavour|ed pre&s;ently to &s;top the cour&s;e of tho&s;e con|ferences; and repre&s;ented vigorou&s;ly to the Imperiali&s;ts, that every &s;tep they made, were &s;o many breaches in the Treaties of Alli|ance which his Imperial Maje&s;ty had made with the Princes their Ma&s;ters.</P>
<P>The Amba&s;&s;adors of the <HI>States-General</HI> perceiving that in the few days which re|mained of the Month, it was not po&s;&s;ible to conclude a Treaty wherein &s;o many diffi|culties appeared in the very beginning, prayed the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors to prolong the delay which that King had granted. Their an&s;wer was, that they had no power to do it; but that neverthele&s;s they believ|ed that if the Treaty were in readine&s;s to be &s;igned, his Maje&s;ty might give a new delay.</P>
<P>In the fir&s;t Se&s;&s;ion of Conferences, the four fir&s;t Articles of the Project of the Im|periali&s;ts,
<PB N="200" REF="106">were reduced to one; the <HI>French</HI> refu&s;ing to fill the Treaties with needle&s;s Articles, and &s;uch e&s;pecially as only con|cerned tho&s;e matters which <HI>France</HI> pretend|ed to be &s;ufficiently adju&s;ted by the Treaties of <HI>We&s;tphalia,</HI> whereof they demanded the corroboration and accompli&s;hment. And &s;eeing by the treaty the Emperor and all the Princes of the Empire were not only to remain neutral, but were al&s;o to take from the Enemies of <HI>France</HI> and <HI>Sueden</HI> all means whereby they might make any advantage or profit by the Countreys of the Empire, whil&s;t the King might make u&s;e of them for re&s;toring <HI>Sueden;</HI> his Maje&s;ty by his Am|ba&s;&s;adors demanded &s;uch places as he &s;hould &s;tand in need of after the peace of the Em|pire, for a free pa&s;&s;age from his frontiers to the <HI>Rhine.</HI></P>
<P>On the fifth of <HI>January</HI> 167^8, the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors declared that the places which their King intended to re&s;erve, were <HI>Ca&s;&s;e|let, Huys, Verviers, Aix-la-Chapelle, Duren, Linninch, Nuys,</HI> and <HI>Ordingen,</HI> that was the &s;traighte&s;t and &s;horte&s;t march that the <HI>French</HI> Forces could have to the <HI>Rhine;</HI> and his Maje&s;ty was already po&s;&s;e&s;t of all tho&s;e places, which being open, and without for|tification, &s;hewed that the de&s;ign of the King was only to make u&s;e of them, that
<PB N="201" REF="106">he might oblige to the ob&s;ervation of the Treaties of <HI>We&s;tphalia,</HI> tho&s;e Princes who contrary to the faith of the &s;ame Treaties de&s;ired to continue the War after the peace of the Empire, that they might retain the po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ion of the Countreys which they had taken from <HI>Sueden,</HI> whil&s;t his Maje&s;ty to procure &s;atisfaction to that King his Ally, had &s;urrendred a great many good places, and made peace in a time when he might have expected great advantages from the &s;ucce&s;s and pro&s;perity of his Arms.</P>
<P>At that time news was brought that the <HI>Suedi&s;h</HI> Army was come out of <HI>Livonia.</HI> For the &s;pace of two years there was a talk of its marching, though it advanced not one &s;tep. But at length it entred into <HI>Pru&s;&s;ia,</HI> and having po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ed &s;ome places on the River of <HI>Wemel,</HI> it was advanced to the middle of that Province. There was the greater probability, that the <HI>Suedi&s;h</HI> Enter|pri&s;e would contribute to their peace with the Elector of <HI>Brandenbourg,</HI> that in the mean time whil&s;t that Prince was marching all the Forces he had in <HI>Pomerania</HI> and <HI>Ger|many</HI> to oppo&s;e that irruption, he ordered <HI>M. Meinders,</HI> his Mini&s;ter and Councellor of State, to go in diligence to the <HI>French</HI> Court, the King having granted him a Pa&s;|port for that effect. <HI>M. Meinders</HI> was at that
<PB N="202" REF="107">time at <HI>Nimuegueu,</HI> being come back from the Elector his Ma&s;ter, to whom he went upon occa&s;ion of the propo&s;itions which the Count <HI>D' E&s;pen&s;es</HI> had brought; but &s;eeing the chief thing contained in the&s;e propo&s;itions, was the entire re&s;titution of all the Conque&s;ts which the Elector had ob|tained from <HI>Sueden,</HI> the ob&s;tacles that hin|der'd the conclu&s;ion of the Treaty, were &s;o hard to be dige&s;ted, that his Electoral Highne&s;s judged it far more convenient to negotiate the peace with his Maje&s;ty, than to treat at <HI>Nimueguen.</HI> This Prince was the ra|ther inclined to take this re&s;olution, becau&s;e tho&s;e who continued &s;till in War, were &s;e|verally thinking of making their Treaties apart.</P>
<P>In the mean while the Conferences be|twixt the Imperial and <HI>French</HI> amba&s;&s;a|dors continued in the Town-hou&s;e, and it began to be hoped that the Negotiation would come to a happy conclu&s;ion. The Plenipotentiary of the Duke of <HI>Lorrain</HI> at that time endeavoured to obtain what the Imperial Amba&s;&s;adors had in vain e&s;&s;ayed; he &s;uppo&s;ed that his Ma&s;ter dreamt not that the ways which the <HI>French</HI> King de|manded from <HI>Nancy</HI> to <HI>Mets,</HI> into <HI>Al&s;atia,</HI> the <HI>French</HI> County and <HI>France</HI> &s;hould be|long to the King in &s;overaignty; and upon
<PB N="203" REF="107">that pretext he pretended to change the choice he had made of the Alternative, and to accept <HI>Nancy</HI> for <HI>Toul;</HI> but the rea&s;on he alledged having no appearance of the lea&s;t foundation, he could not obtain the liberty of a new choice, no more than the Imperiali&s;ts could, after they had once accepted <HI>Philipsbourg:</HI> &s;o that the Duke of <HI>Lorrain</HI> might ea&s;ily have perceived, in the cour&s;e of that Negotiation, that he was mi&s;taken in expecting greater advantages, if he were admitted into the po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ion of <HI>Lorrain</HI> under the protection of the Em|peror, than if he received it from the boun|ty and genero&s;ity of the <HI>French</HI> King.</P>
<P>Seeing new difficulties were daily &s;tarted in the Negotiation of the Peace of the Em|pire, the King was willing to prolong the delay he had given until the end of the Month; but that retarded rather the Nego|tiation, than it promoted the Treaty: for be&s;ides that the <HI>Imperiali&s;ts,</HI> who always &s;eemed irre&s;olute in bringing things to a conclu&s;ion, de&s;ired no better, than not to pu&s;h on bu&s;ine&s;s when they had time before them; they were &s;o &s;en&s;ibly touched at tho&s;e burthen&s;om conditions wherewith the King clog'd that prolongation, that if they could have found any other remedy for the calamities of the Empire, be&s;ides a &s;peedy
<PB N="204" REF="108">Peace, they would not have di&s;&s;embled their re&s;entment. The King con&s;ented not to that delay, but on condition, that if the Peace were not &s;igned before the Month was expired, <HI>Philipsbourg</HI> &s;hould be demo|li&s;hed, for the reimbur&s;ment of the charges that his Maje&s;ty was obliged to be at, for maintainsng his Forces: and that if <HI>Febru|ary</HI> likewi&s;e pa&s;&s;ed without concluding the Peace, his Maje&s;ty would moreover have all <HI>Bri&s;gow</HI> in recompence of his char|ges.</P>
<P>The truth is, the <HI>French</HI> King could be no le&s;s than ab&s;olute Ma&s;ter of Peace and War, to impo&s;e &s;uch a nece&s;&s;ity upon the <HI>Imperiali&s;ts:</HI> Neverthele&s;s, whether it were the fears of &s;eeing them&s;elves expo&s;ed to undergo the&s;e conditions, or a &s;incere de&s;ire of freeing the Empire as &s;oon as po&s;&s;ibly could be from &s;o trouble&s;ome a War, &s;et the Imperial Amba&s;&s;adours to work; the Negotiations of Peace grew brisker than before; they met morning and evening, and had very long conferences; &s;o that Sir <HI>Lionell Jenkins</HI> had trouble enough in going back and fore betwixt them, labour|ing to renew the impediments which retar|ded the Negotiation; and yet for all that, the Peace advanced but &s;lowly.</P>
</DIV2>
<DIV2 TYPE="section">
<PB N="205" REF="108">
<P>The Imperiali&s;ts &s;tarted great difficulties about the 26. and 27. Articles of the Treaty; and &s;eeing they all tended to annul the rights which <HI>France</HI> had obtained in the Empire by the peace of <HI>We&s;tphalia,</HI> and e|&s;pecially tho&s;e which have been yeilded to that King over the ten Towns of <HI>Al&s;atia;</HI> the debates that aro&s;e upon that &s;ubject, were many and hard to be adju&s;ted.</P>
<P>The Amba&s;&s;adors of the Emperor per|ceiving that they gained no ground by the&s;e debates, and that the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;|&s;adors would not con&s;ent that tho&s;e things which were concluded by the peace of <HI>Mun&s;ter,</HI> &s;hould any ways be infringed by this Treaty. They endeavoured at lea&s;t to obtain, that the points to which the <HI>French</HI> would not conde&s;cend, might be referred to arbitration. But this was to as little purpo&s;e as the extraordinary repugnancy they &s;hewed a|gain&s;t the Emperor being obliged to ob&s;erve a neutrality in the Empire, whil&s;t the <HI>French</HI> King might march his forces for the relief of his Allies. Neverthele&s;s all the&s;e points were at length agreed unto in the manner as the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors de|manded.</P>
<P>The jollities of the Carnaval were at that time very great in <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> where the people, who &s;ince the change of Reli|gion
<PB N="206" REF="109">and Government, has not been accu|&s;tomed to &s;ee Ma&s;quarades, took great plea|&s;ure in the&s;e Novelties, and e&s;pecially in a frolick of <HI>Spaniards,</HI> magnificently di&s;gui&s;|ed, who went through all the Town drawn on &s;ledges upon the &s;now at a Ball in the Hou&s;e of the Amba&s;&s;ador of <HI>Denmark</HI> on the 24. Two men appeared di&s;gui&s;ed into <HI>Capucins,</HI> of whom one having danced with the Neece of the <HI>Dani&s;h</HI> Amba&s;&s;ador, pre|&s;ented the hand to <HI>Madamoi&s;elle Colbert;</HI> but <HI>Mon&s;ieur Colbert</HI> being pre&s;ent, &s;topped the Ma&s;quer, telling him that it was not the cu&s;tom of <HI>France</HI> to dance in &s;uch habits; and that if he had him at his hou&s;e, he would &s;erve him as he de&s;erved.</P>
<P>The forwardne&s;s of the peace of the Em|pire, gave the Northern Confederates e|nough to think of; for, for all they were &s;o well united among them&s;elves, yet when the matter was of oppo&s;ing tho&s;e who &s;eem|ed inclined to make a &s;eparate peace, they were not wanting to mind their own parti|cular concerns. The journey of <HI>M. Mein|ders,</HI> Envoy from the Elector of <HI>Branden|bourg</HI> into <HI>France,</HI> gave them great umbrage, and made them fear that a &s;eparate peace with that Prince would quite ruine their affairs; and therefore they re&s;olved &s;everal|ly to prevent the di&s;advantage that might
<PB N="207" REF="109">happen to them by continuing la&s;t in the War; but their peace depended on the <HI>Suedes,</HI> who being &s;o highly &s;upported by the <HI>French,</HI> &s;eemed no le&s;s haughty as to the propo&s;itions that were made to them, than if they them&s;elves had been in condi|tion of giving the Law to their enemies.</P>
<P>The morning and evening conferences of the 29. and 30. were very long, and the Am|ba&s;&s;adors met and di&s;cour&s;ed together; &s;o that there was no que&s;tion made of the hap|py &s;ucce&s;s of the Negotiation. Amba&s;&s;ador <HI>Temple,</HI> who upon the advice he received that the Treaty was upon the point of be|ing concluded, parted from the <HI>Hague</HI> on the 29. arrived on the 30. at <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> that he might &s;ign that peace, though many things &s;till remained to be adju&s;ted. The Amba&s;&s;adors were at the Town-hou&s;e from eight of the clock in the morning, until two afternoon. And as it was not doubted but that that la&s;t day would put an end to that great work, the end of the evening-conference, which began at four of the clock, was impatiently expected; but it la&s;ted till five of the clock next morning, and yet the peace in no condition to be &s;igned.</P>
<P>The affairs of the Duke of <HI>Lorrain</HI> took up much time; and in that conference M. <HI>Stratman</HI> made a long and elegant di&s;cour&s;e
<PB N="208" REF="110">in <HI>Latin</HI> concerning the preten&s;ions and in|tere&s;ts of that Prince; though M. <HI>Colbert</HI> expected no &s;uch thing, and that he had no time to prepare him&s;elf for an an&s;wer, yet he an&s;wered <HI>ex tempore</HI> with &s;o much force and per&s;picuity, that the whole A&s;&s;embly were &s;urpri&s;ed at it.</P>
<P>It &s;eemed that the Imperiali&s;ts perceiving that the delay granted by the King, expi|red with the preceding day, purpo&s;ely &s;uf|fered affairs to be &s;pun out beyond that term, to the end that it might not be &s;aid that they had &s;uffered it to expire without a conclu&s;ion, and that they had incurred the penalties upon which the <HI>French</HI> King granted a &s;econd prorogation. No other bu&s;ine&s;s remained to be determined but the affairs of the Hou&s;e of <HI>Fur&s;temberg,</HI> and the po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ion of the Dutchy of <HI>Bouillon,</HI> with the granting the demand of the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors, who would have the re&s;ult of the Diet of <HI>Ratisbon</HI> mentioned in the Treaty, by which it might appear that the Amba&s;&s;adors of the Emperor were &s;uffici|ently authori&s;ed to &s;tipulate in the name of the Empire.</P>
<P><HI>January</HI> 167<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">/2;: The greate&s;t difficulties be|ing at length di&s;cu&s;&s;ed, the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;|&s;adors declared that they had power to pro|long for two days the la&s;t delay that their
<PB N="209" REF="110">King had granted. But the Amba&s;&s;adors of <HI>Denmark</HI> and <HI>Brandenbourg</HI> finding that no ob&s;tacle could hinder the conclu&s;ion of the peace of the Empire (though the Mi|ni&s;ters of their Ma&s;ters at the Emperor's Court a&s;&s;ured them of the contrary in all their Letters; and though the Imperial Amba&s;&s;adors them&s;elves prote&s;ted to them at <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> that they would not act in reference to them, but as faithful Allyes): the fir&s;t of <HI>February</HI> about eleven of the clock at night, they made a long and &s;mart Remon&s;trance to the Imperial Emba&s;&s;y, that they might endeavour as much as in them lay, to divert the blow which they then &s;aw nearer than they had ever be|fore.</P>
<P>They told the Imperial Amba&s;&s;adors, that their proceedings with the common Enemy &s;o much the more allarm'd them, as that in the place where they were &s;hut up, they could not come to &s;peech with them, that they might repre&s;ent to them how &s;en&s;ibly it affected them to &s;ee that they made my|&s;teries of that which the Enemy &s;crupled not to make publick; that they intreated them to con&s;ider the faith of their leagues, the Decrees of the Empire, and the wrong they would do the Princes their Ma&s;ters, if they re&s;tored <HI>Sueden</HI> to the benefit of the
<PB N="210" REF="111">Treaties of <HI>We&s;tpbalia,</HI> contrary to the &s;o|lemn conclu&s;ions that declare they have for|feited the &s;ame; that above all, they pray'd them to give away nothing of what be|longed to them; and not to &s;uffer that un|der the name of peace the war might be carried into tho&s;e parts of the Empire into which the Enemies Forces were never as yet able to advance.</P>
<P>The&s;e Amba&s;&s;adors added to their Re|mon&s;trance a kind of threatning; &s;aying, that if the Imperiali&s;ts abandoned them to the di&s;cretion of their Enemies, they ought not to take it ill if they made u&s;e of their <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">wn misfortunes for obtaining &s;ome repa|ration from tho&s;e who would &s;acrifice them in that manner. In fine, they adjured them by the Maje&s;ty of the Sacred Empire, that they would conclude nothing contrary to the Rights of their Ma&s;ters, &s;eeing they were ready to make peace jointly with them upon equitable conditions, or other|ways to take all nece&s;&s;ary mea&s;ures for a vigorous re&s;i&s;tance.</P>
<P>The Confederate Amba&s;&s;adors nicked the time in making that Remon&s;trance; for the Conference from which the Imperial and <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors were ju&s;t come, ended in a total rupture, and with &s;o much animo&s;ity on both &s;ides, that tho&s;e who for|merly
<PB N="211" REF="111">de&s;ired the peace, had cau&s;e to fear that the Treaty could hardly be &s;et on foot again. But notwith&s;tanding of that, Amba&s;&s;ador <HI>Jenkins,</HI> who &s;hewed no le&s;s prudence than zeal in his conduct, &s;o or|dered affairs, that next day (being the &s;e|cond of the Month) the Conferences were renewed.</P>
<P>Seeing the difference that remained con|cerning the Dutchy of <HI>Bouillon,</HI> was that which at that time created the greate&s;t ob|&s;tacle to the conclu&s;ion of the peace, in&s;o|much that it was thought it would have broken off the Treaty; the <HI>Nuncio</HI> fear|ing le&s;t that &s;ingle difficulty might ob&s;truct the fruits of &s;o long and difficult a Nego|tiation, &s;o ordered matters, that the <HI>Sieurs Charun</HI> and <HI>Vanderveck,</HI> Envoys from the Prince and Chapter of <HI>Liege,</HI> declared, That &s;ince nothing but the preten&s;ion which their Ma&s;ter had to the Dutchy of <HI>Bouillon,</HI> hindred the peace, they con&s;ented that upon the account of that particular Intere&s;t, the welfare and repo&s;e of the whole Empire &s;hould be no longer retarded. By that means all things were adju&s;ted, and in the &s;ame Conference (which la&s;ted till mid|night) the Amba&s;&s;adors agreed to &s;ign the Treaty.</P>
<PB N="212" REF="112">
<P>Tho' the peace concluded betwixt the Emperor and <HI>France,</HI> &s;ufficiently provided for the &s;ecurity and &s;atisfaction of <HI>Sueden,</HI> &s;eeing it re&s;tored that Crown to all that the Treaties of <HI>We&s;tphalia</HI> gave it in the Em|pire; yet there was a nece&s;&s;ity of a &s;eparate Treaty for <HI>Sueden,</HI> becau&s;e that King had been declared an Enemy to the Empire, and fallen from the advantages which he had by the peace of <HI>Mun&s;ter.</HI> That Treaty was therefore &s;et on foot with great diligence, and had all the &s;ucce&s;s that the particular care of the <HI>French</HI> King could procure for the concerns of his Confederate. The Trea|ty of <HI>We&s;tphalia</HI> was made the rule and pat|tern of this; all Acts, Decrees, and Man|dates made to the contrary, were re&s;cinded and declared null by it, as innovations intro|duced during the troubles of the War: the neutrality of the Emperor, and re&s;taurati|on of the Duke of <HI>Hol&s;tein Gottorp,</HI> were therein &s;tipulated, and all prote&s;tations that could be made to the contrary, declared null and of none effect.</P>
<P>The Amba&s;&s;adors of <HI>Denmark</HI> and <HI>Brandenbourg</HI> &s;eeing the peace fully conclu|ded on the third of the Month, made their prote&s;tations again&s;t it; they complained that the Emperors Amba&s;&s;adors had con&s;ent|ed to matters which &s;o nearly concerned the
<PB N="213" REF="112">Princes their Ma&s;ters, that they had not on|ly neglected all their intere&s;ts, but al&s;o that they had given their Enemies liberty to pur&s;ue the War even into the heart of their own countrey: That they had treated a|bout the rights of all the States of the Em|pire, &s;o far as to aboli&s;h &s;ome Decrees con|cerning them, without the knowledg of the Princes who were mo&s;t intere&s;ted there|in. In a word, they &s;olemnly prote&s;ted a|gain&s;t that &s;eparate peace, which ought to be reckoned null, and no way prejudicial to their Leagues, nor to the Decrees of the Empire.</P>
<P>The&s;e Amba&s;&s;adors omitted no formalities which they judged nece&s;&s;ary for maintaining the preten&s;ions of their Ma&s;ters. And there|fore on the 4th they made a conditional pro|te&s;tation again&s;t the peace made by the Em|peror with <HI>Sueden,</HI> becau&s;e they &s;aw it rea|dy to be concluded and &s;igned the &s;ame day with that of the Emperor with <HI>France.</HI> They &s;aid that they could the le&s;s be per|&s;uaded that the Imperial Amba&s;&s;adors would do &s;uch a wrong to the Princes their Ma|&s;ters; that <HI>Sueden</HI> had been treated during the War, as a State and member of the Em|pire, guilty of breaking the publick peace, and in that notion cited and condemned by the Empire in the u&s;ual forms. So that in
<PB N="214" REF="113">what manner &s;oever the Emperor might re|concile him&s;elf to that Crown, they had rea&s;on to prote&s;t again&s;t the validity of that peace, and at the &s;ame time for all the da|mages that their Ma&s;ters might &s;uffer thereby.</P>
<P>The Mini&s;ters and Plenipotentiaries of the Princes of <HI>Brun&s;wick-Lunenbourg,</HI> who hitherto had exerted no publick act of their function, the &s;ame day prote&s;ted again&s;t tho&s;e two Treaties in the &s;ame terms, and upon the &s;ame pretexts that the Amba&s;&s;adors of <HI>Denmark</HI> and <HI>Brandenbourg</HI> had done. Perhaps they were ignorant that the Princes their Ma&s;ters were concluding their particular Peace at home with <HI>France</HI> and <HI>Sueden,</HI> whil&s;t they complained &s;o loudly at <HI>Nimueguen</HI> again&s;t that of the Emperor. Neverthele&s;s the&s;e proceedings hinder'd not but that the peace was next day &s;igned, though the Imperial Amba&s;&s;a|dors endeavoured under various pretexts to have the &s;igning of it delayed.</P>
<P>The 5th at noon the&s;e Amba&s;&s;adors &s;ent the <HI>Nuncio</HI>'s Auditor to entreat the <HI>French</HI> that they would defer the matter until the day following, in re&s;pect there was &s;o much Writing required before the Treaty could be drawn up fair, that it was impo&s;&s;ible it could be ready to be &s;igned that evening.
<PB N="215" REF="113">But all the an&s;wer they had was, That there was time more than enough for putting things in a condition; and that if the peace was not &s;igned by ten of the clock, they had orders from the King their Ma&s;ter not to &s;ign it next day.</P>
<P>It &s;eemed to be the fate of the Media|tors not to &s;ign any Treaty of peace; they refu&s;ed to &s;ign that of the <HI>Dutch,</HI> becau&s;e it was &s;eparate, and had been managed without their privity; and they medled not in that of <HI>Spain,</HI> which was a con&s;e|quent on the former: But &s;eeing they had been the Mediators of the Treaty of the Empire, they thought nothing &s;hould have hinder'd them from &s;igning that peace. Neverthele&s;s the Amba&s;&s;adors of his Impe|rial Maje&s;ty having failed in yeilding the honour to the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> as Mediators, accor|ding to the practice of <HI>Cologn</HI> and <HI>Nimue|guen,</HI> which occa&s;ioned, though no ob&s;tacle nor difficulty in the cour&s;e of the Negotia|tion; they were likewi&s;e ambiguous in their an&s;wers, when the Mediators &s;ent to enquire of them how they pretended to carry them&s;elves in the &s;igning of the Treaty.</P>
<P>But when they were upon the point of going to &s;ign the Treaty, the Imperial Am|ba&s;&s;adors po&s;itively declared, That they
<PB N="216" REF="114">would not con&s;ent that the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> &s;hould &s;ign fir&s;t. So that &s;eeing they could not &s;ign it either as Mediators, in which ca&s;e they ought to have the fir&s;t place, as due to them in that quality; or as <HI>Engli&s;h,</HI> for then the <HI>French</HI> would not write after them; it was impo&s;&s;ible to find out any expedient to adju&s;t that difficulty. And therefore Am|ba&s;&s;ador <HI>Temple</HI> &s;aid true, when he prote&s;t|ed a long time before, That he would not &s;ign the Peace whil&s;t the affairs of <HI>France</HI> were in &s;uch a condition as to have it con|cluded to the advantage of that Crown. And all the fruit of his ha&s;ty journey to <HI>Nimueguen</HI> to &s;ign a Peace &s;o advantageous to <HI>France,</HI> was his di&s;plea&s;ure for underta|king it in the colde&s;t &s;ea&s;on that for the&s;e twenty years has been known in <HI>Holland.</HI></P>
<P>Upon the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors refu&s;al to delay the &s;igning of the Peace until next day, the Imperiali&s;ts lo&s;t no time, and all things were ready that evening. About ten of the clock all the Amba&s;&s;adors went to the Town-hou&s;e with &s;everal Coaches, and many Flambeaus: So &s;oon as the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors were in their Chamber, they &s;ent to compliment the <HI>Imperiali&s;ts,</HI> and to tell them, That when they plea&s;ed they would come into the Hall which was prepared for the &s;igning of the Peace. The Imperiali&s;ts
<PB N="217" REF="114">returned them the &s;ame compliment; and &s;o the <HI>French</HI> entred fir&s;t into the Hall, which was above &s;tairs, and oppo&s;ite to their room; and they placed them&s;elves at the Table on the left hand of the entry.</P>
<P>Immediately after the Imperial Amba&s;&s;a|dors came up, and took place over-again&s;t the <HI>French.</HI> The dores were open, and a great many Gentlemen of both Nations, and &s;everal others whom curio&s;ity to &s;ee &s;o &s;o|lemn a ceremony, had invited to <HI>Nimue|guen,</HI> &s;tood behind the Amba&s;&s;adors. M. <HI>Stratman</HI> brought the Treaty of the Em|pire, and M. <HI>Colbert</HI> that of <HI>France.</HI> The Count <HI>d' Avaux</HI> had affairs at the <HI>Hague</HI> that hinder'd him from being at that Cere|mony. The two Treaties were written in <HI>Latine,</HI> and for comparing of them M. <HI>Stratman</HI> began to read; but having read &s;ome pages of it, M. <HI>Colbert</HI> offered to ea&s;e him; and the whole Treaty being &s;o read over by turns, the Imperiali&s;ts according to their &s;everal qualities &s;igned it in one co|lume on the right hand; then they took that of <HI>France,</HI> which they &s;igned in the &s;ame manner; whil&s;t the <HI>French</HI> &s;igned that of the Imperiali&s;ts in one colume on the left hand, as the Imperiali&s;ts did that of <HI>France;</HI> but the Count <HI>d' Avaux</HI> being ab&s;ent, a &s;pace was left for his name, and a
<PB N="218" REF="115">Chair &s;et in the place which he ought to have taken.</P>
<P>Afterward the Bi&s;hop of <HI>Gurck</HI> made a congratulatory compliment upon the hap|py conclu&s;ion of &s;o great an affair as the Peace of the Empire, which would re&s;tore repo&s;e and tranquility to the re&s;t of Chri|&s;tendom that were &s;till in War. The Mini|&s;ters of the Northern Princes who were not comprehended in that Peace, being di&s;|&s;atisfied with the conduct of the Imperial|i&s;ts, &s;poke in another &s;train of language. M. <HI>Heng,</HI> the <HI>Dani&s;h</HI> Amba&s;&s;ador next day after, publickly expre&s;&s;ed his di&s;content at the hou&s;e of the Mar&s;hal <HI>D' E&s;trades.</HI> He &s;crupled not to &s;ay openly in company, yea and &s;everal times to repeat it, That if it plea&s;ed the <HI>French</HI> King, he had &s;ufficient authority to conclude a League with his mo&s;t Chri&s;tian Maje&s;ty, and to get it rati|fied by his <HI>Dani&s;h</HI> Maje&s;ty, who would ob|lige him&s;elf to make war again&s;t the Empe|ror, in what manner, and for as long time as his mo&s;t Chri&s;tian Maje&s;ty &s;hould de&s;ire him.</P>
<P>Seeing the Emperors Amba&s;&s;adors could not obtain of the <HI>French,</HI> that an Article &s;hould be put into the Treaty, whereby the <HI>French</HI> King &s;hould con&s;ent to refer to arbi|tration the difficulties which they rai&s;ed con|cerning
<PB N="219" REF="115">the Rights of the ten Towns of <HI>Al&s;atia,</HI> of the Nobility of that Province, and of the three Bi&s;hopricks of <HI>Lorrain;</HI> before they &s;igned the Peace, they entred a prote&s;tation into the Records of the Me|diation, that it might appear, that though they had right to pretend that the&s;e affairs ought to have been referred to arbitrati|on, yet they had rather con&s;ent that no mention &s;hould be made of them in the Treaty, than longer to delay the conclu&s;ion of the Peace for matters of which the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors ab&s;olutely refu&s;ed to take cognizance; contenting them&s;elves to prote&s;t that that omi&s;&s;ion could no ways be prejudicial to the rights of the Em|pire.</P>
<P>The Amba&s;&s;adors of <HI>Sueden</HI> refu&s;ed al&s;o to in&s;ert into their Treaty with the Empe|ror, the verbal declaration which they gave of the &s;en&s;e of the third Article, acknow|ledging that they pretended not that that Article ought to oblige the Princes of the Empire that were &s;till in war, to the con|firmation of the Treaties of <HI>We&s;tphalia,</HI> as to what concerned <HI>Sueden,</HI> knowing that the&s;e were affairs that ought to be adju&s;ted by particular Treaties.</P>
<P>Neverthele&s;s upon the refu&s;al that the Amba&s;&s;adors of <HI>Sueden</HI> made of in&s;erting
<PB N="220" REF="116">that interpretation into the Treaty, the Im|perial Amba&s;&s;adors prayed the Mediators that they would make mention of that ex|plication in their Memoirs, and to &s;et down in them by way of prote&s;tation, that if in the Treaty of the Emperor with <HI>Sueden</HI> there is no mention made of the cu&s;toms that are rai&s;ed at <HI>Termeude,</HI> of the rights of the Dukes of <HI>Mecklenbourg,</HI> nor of tho&s;e of the Town of <HI>Bremen;</HI> the rea&s;on was only, becau&s;e the Amba&s;&s;adors of <HI>Sueden</HI> alledged that for want of a free corre&s;pon|dence with his <HI>Suedi&s;h</HI> Maje&s;ty, they could not have in&s;tructions as to the points for which the Imperiali&s;ts thought it not fit to delay the &s;igning of the peace, &s;ince that without &s;uch a clau&s;e, the&s;e Rights were as well e&s;tabli&s;hed under the authority and protection of the Empire.</P>
<P>Though the Treaty of the Peace made betwixt the Emperor and <HI>Sueden,</HI> was not figned until the 7th. yet it bore date the &s;ame day with that of the Emperor and <HI>France,</HI> becau&s;e it was mentioned therein to be of the &s;ame date. And &s;ome time after, the news was brought that the peace of <HI>France</HI> and <HI>Sueden,</HI> with the Princes of the Hou&s;e of <HI>Brun&s;wick-Lunenbourg,</HI> was &s;igned at <HI>Zell</HI> on the &s;ixth, by M. <HI>de Pabenack,</HI> who after that the <HI>Suedes</HI> were wholly out
<PB N="221" REF="116">of <HI>Pomerania,</HI> &s;topping at <HI>Hambourg,</HI> went by order from the King to the Court of tho&s;e Princes, who by this Treaty re&s;tore to the Crown of <HI>Sueden</HI> the Dutchy of <HI>Bremen,</HI> and all that they had got of the <HI>Suedes,</HI> except the Bailiage of <HI>Tedinghan&s;en,</HI> which hath always been controverted, be|cau&s;e it is inclo&s;ed within the Territories of the Hou&s;e of <HI>Brun&s;wick,</HI> and the Provo&s;ty of <HI>Dowen,</HI> that lyes between the <HI>We&s;er</HI> and the <HI>Elbe.</HI></P>
<P>The <HI>Suedes</HI> likewi&s;e yield to tho&s;e Princes &s;ome Revenues of the Church, con&s;i&s;ting in tythes which belonged to them upon account of the Bi&s;hoprick of <HI>Bremen,</HI> and &s;ome other Benefices. But the <HI>French</HI> King being wil|ling fully to indempnifie the Hou&s;e of <HI>Brun&s;wick,</HI> and to &s;ecure the peace of the Empire, his Maje&s;ty by that Treaty enga|ges to pay to the&s;e Princes three hundred thou&s;and Crowns, at the &s;ame time that the re&s;titution is made to <HI>Sueden</HI> in the manner as was agreed upon.</P>
<P>M. <HI>de Meyerkron</HI> continued to make pro|po&s;itions at the <HI>Hague,</HI> where he &s;eemed willing to have managed a Negotiation with the Count <HI>d' Avaux;</HI> but the offers he made, were &s;till &s;o general, that they gave no ground for a po&s;itive an&s;wer. And therefore that Amba&s;&s;ador made him the
<PB N="222" REF="117">&s;ame declaration that the other <HI>French</HI> Am|ba&s;&s;adors made at <HI>Nimueguen;</HI> telling him that in order to a more favourable hear|ing, the King of <HI>Denmark</HI> mu&s;t begin, by relea&s;ing the <HI>Suedi&s;h</HI> Soldiers, who &s;ince the time that they were &s;hipwrackt upon the I&s;le of <HI>Barnholm,</HI> were not only detained pri&s;oners contrary to the priviledg of the Pa&s;ports which they had; but likewi&s;e ex|po&s;ed to violence, which they daily &s;uffered on de&s;ign either to make them engage in the <HI>Dani&s;h</HI> &s;ervice, or for&s;ake that of <HI>Sue|den.</HI> That the King of <HI>Denmark</HI> would by &s;o doing purge him&s;elf from the &s;u&s;pitions of that &s;hipwrack which the King never|thele&s;s was rather inclined to attribute to Chance, and the mi&s;take of Pilots, than any premeditated de&s;ign; but that in the mean time, the inhuman manner of u&s;ing and de|taining of tho&s;e forces could not but be thought very &s;trange.</P>
<P>Though from the beginning of the A&s;|&s;embly, many in&s;tances had been made, and &s;everal expedients propo&s;ed by the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> and <HI>French,</HI> for procuring to the Amba&s;&s;a|dors of <HI>Sueden</HI> the liberty of Couriers, or at lea&s;t of bare Letters to and from his <HI>Suedi&s;h</HI> Maje&s;ty; yet it could not be obtain|ed from the King of <HI>Denmark.</HI> This gave occa&s;ion of fear, that the &s;trictne&s;s which
<PB N="223" REF="117">was ob&s;erved in that Kingdom upon that &s;ubject, might hinder the conveyance of the Treaty newly &s;igned with the Empe|ror, into <HI>Sueden;</HI> and that the ratification thereof might not be brought within the limited time. And therefore the Amba&s;&s;a|dors of <HI>Sueden</HI> hired privately a Galliot at <HI>Am&s;terdam,</HI> which <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">arried the Me&s;&s;enger to <HI>Gottemberg,</HI> from whence he might go by Land to any place where the <HI>Suedi&s;h</HI> Court was.</P>
<P>The Amba&s;&s;adors of the Emperor hav|ing &s;tipulated for the whole Empire in the Treaties of <HI>France</HI> and <HI>Sueden,</HI> by virtue only of the conclu&s;ion of the Diet of <HI>Ra|tisbon</HI> of the 31. of <HI>May</HI> 1677. The Am|ba&s;&s;ador of <HI>Brandenbourg</HI> produced a copy of it at <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> on the 18th of the Month, with a new prote&s;tation, alledging, that that conclu&s;ion of the Empire was not conform to the &s;en&s;e that was put upon it in the 36 Article of the Emperor's Treaty with <HI>France,</HI> and in the 12. of that of the Emperor with <HI>Sueden;</HI> and that the Impe|rial Amba&s;&s;adors were &s;o far from having by that means &s;ufficient authority to treat in name of the whole Empire, that on the contrary the Emperor was thereby requi|red to conclude nothing at <HI>Nimueguen</HI> with|out fir&s;t &s;ubmitting it to the deliberation of
<PB N="224" REF="118">the Diet; and that the Amba&s;&s;adors of his Imperial Maje&s;ty, by adding in the&s;e Arti|cles, That all prote&s;tations that might be made in the Empire again&s;t that Peace, were to be of no effect; had committed the greate&s;t violation, and manife&s;tly contra|vened the Golden Bull, the Imperial Capi|tulations, the Con&s;titutions of the Empire, and the very Treaties of <HI>We&s;tphalia,</HI> on which they pretended to &s;ettle the peace of the Empire.</P>
<P>Although the King of <HI>Denmark</HI> and E|lector of <HI>Brandenbourg</HI> &s;aw them&s;elves a|bandoned by all their Allies, and left alone in the War, expo&s;ed to all that <HI>France</HI> could undertake again&s;t them both by &s;ea and land; yet they could not be brought to a re&s;olution of re&s;toring what they had con|quered from <HI>Sueden;</HI> they dealt with the <HI>French</HI> King, and with his Amba&s;&s;adors; but his Maje&s;ty gave them an&s;wer, and cau|&s;ed his Amba&s;&s;adors to do the like, That he could not li&s;ten to the propo&s;itions that they made to him; that he had no quarrel with the King of <HI>Denmark</HI> nor the Elector of <HI>Brandenbourg;</HI> that they &s;hould give &s;atisfa|ction to <HI>Sueden;</HI> and when that Crown was contented, his Maje&s;ty would be &s;o likewi&s;e.</P>
<P>But the <HI>French</HI> King &s;topt not there: for after that the Peace was &s;igned, his Maje&s;ty
<PB N="225" REF="118">de&s;iring that the re&s;t of <HI>Germany</HI> might likewi&s;e be at quiet as &s;oon as po&s;&s;ibly could be, on the 24th of <HI>February</HI> did by his Am|ba&s;&s;adors declare to Sir <HI>Lionel Jenkins,</HI> the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Mediator, That if within the Month of <HI>March</HI> the King of <HI>Denmark</HI> and Ele|ctor of <HI>Brandenbourg</HI> did not give full &s;a|tisfaction to <HI>Sueden,</HI> his Maje&s;ty &s;hould then be at freedom to demand new condi|tions, which would be, that <HI>Lip&s;tadt</HI> &s;hould be re&s;tored to the Elector of <HI>Cologn;</HI> and that the King of <HI>Denmark</HI> and Elector of <HI>Brandenbourg</HI> &s;hould pay to his Maje&s;ty all the Charges of the War.</P>
<P>That Declaration of the <HI>French</HI> King, and the an&s;wers which his Maje&s;ty gave to all the propo&s;itions, which came &s;hort of a full &s;atisfaction to <HI>Sueden,</HI> were the more unea&s;ie to the Elector of <HI>Brandenbourg,</HI> that he had ju&s;t then forced the <HI>Suedi&s;h</HI> Ar|my to leave <HI>Pru&s;&s;ia,</HI> and to return with much ha&s;te into <HI>Livonia,</HI> but more hara&s;|&s;ed with &s;ickne&s;s and long marches, than the lo&s;&s;es they &s;u&s;tained in &s;everal skirmi&s;hes, which happened in their tetreat betwixt the areerguard of the <HI>Suedes</HI> and &s;ome par|ties of the Electors Forces.</P>
<P>The Amba&s;&s;adors of <HI>Sueden</HI> finding their affairs in a better condition &s;ince the peace, thought them&s;elves obliged to remit no|thing
<PB N="226" REF="119">of their preten&s;ions; and therefore they patiently expected the effect of the <HI>French</HI> King's Declaration, and of what his Maje&s;ty was preparing to do for them. They made no doubt but that all would terminate in the &s;atisfaction of <HI>Sueden,</HI> with|out any great effects on their part. They found that the Forces of <HI>Denmark</HI> were weakned in <HI>Schonen,</HI> becau&s;e the Bi&s;hop of <HI>Mun&s;ter</HI> began already to recall the Forces which his Predece&s;&s;or had &s;ent to his <HI>Dani&s;h</HI> Maje&s;ty, who without that a&s;&s;i&s;tance could hardly make head again&s;t the <HI>Suedes</HI> in <HI>Schonen.</HI> The <HI>Suedes</HI> reckoned the Treaty of that Bi&s;hop as good as already conclu|ded. He is indeed of a peaceful di&s;po&s;iti|on, but neverthele&s;s vigorous and firm, as a great Prince ought to be, in maintaining his lawful preten&s;ions by the Sword. The conclu&s;ion of his Treaty &s;tood in effect up|on an hundred thou&s;and Crowns; and that Prelate was &s;atisfied that <HI>Sueden</HI> &s;hould leave no more in his po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ion but only the Bailliage of <HI>Wil&s;hon&s;en,</HI> as a Mortgage for the payment of that &s;um.</P>
<P>The Elector of <HI>Bavaria</HI> on his part re|pre&s;ented to the Diet at <HI>Ratisbon</HI> the ne|ce&s;&s;ity of &s;etling the Empire by procuring the Peace of the North; and that that could not be done, but by re-e&s;tabli&s;hing
<PB N="227" REF="119">the Treaties of <HI>We&s;tphalia,</HI> and the &s;atisfa|ction of <HI>Sueden,</HI> for which the whole Em|pire ought to be concerned. The Empe|rors Mini&s;ters who were at that Diet, found that the Prote&s;tation which the Ele|ctor of <HI>Brandenbourg</HI> cau&s;ed to be made there, wounded the Authority of his Im|perial Maje&s;ty; mo&s;t of the Princes of <HI>Ger|many</HI> &s;aw evidently, that none had advan|tage by the War, but tho&s;e that de&s;ired not Peace; &s;o that it was to be hoped th<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="2 letters"> private Intere&s;ts would at length give place to the publick concern of the whole Em|pire; and that the pa&s;&s;ion which tho&s;e Princes had to &s;poil <HI>Sueden,</HI> could not long &s;tave off a Peace which was &s;o earne&s;tly de|&s;ired by &s;o many people.</P>
<P>The Emperor had already te&s;tified how much he concerned him&s;elf in the &s;atisfa|ction of <HI>Sueden,</HI> by his de&s;ire to procure the repo&s;e of the Empire. The Letter which the Elector of <HI>Brandenbourg</HI> wrote to his Imperial Maje&s;ty the 24th of <HI>Novem|ber,</HI> gave occa&s;ion to an An&s;wer; which made him fully under&s;tand, That he had no cau&s;e to hope that the Empire would &s;up|port his Intere&s;ts. He complained that the Emperor &s;eemed di&s;po&s;ed to peace, &s;eparate|ly from the other Princes who continued in War; and that the project of the peace
<PB N="228" REF="120">of the Empire, which his Maje&s;ties Amba&s;|&s;adors had made at <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> offered and contained &s;uch conditions as neither <HI>France</HI> nor <HI>Sueden</HI> would have demanded, e&s;peci|ally in a time when having driven the <HI>Suedes</HI> wholly out of the Empire, he had for ever &s;etled and &s;ecured the peace and tranquillity thereof.</P>
<P>But all the rea&s;ons that his Electoral Highne&s;s alledged to incline the Emperor to continue the War, and to procure bet|ter conditions for him, were overthrown by that An&s;wer, which bore, That the Ele|ctor of <HI>Brandenbourg</HI> would have done better not to believe that the Emperor had ever any de&s;ign to act again&s;t equity, or to engage in any proceeding contrary to the conclu&s;ions of the Diet of the Empire. That his Imperial Maje&s;ty &s;aw plainly, that all his Confederates had made War only for their particular Intere&s;ts, &s;ince they aban|doned him by making &s;eparately their peace: But that his actings were of ano|ther nature, &s;eeing he would not divide his Intere&s;ts from tho&s;e of the whole Em|pire, upon which he would have certainly drawn the utmo&s;t calamities, if he had fol|lowed tho&s;e examples. Moreover, that in the league made betwixt his Imperial Maje|&s;ty and his Electoral Highne&s;s, there was
<PB N="229" REF="120">nothing to be found that obliged the Em|peror to procure to his Highne&s;s the po&s;|&s;e&s;&s;ion of the Conque&s;ts that he had obtain|ed from <HI>Sueden:</HI> That on the contrary the Con&s;titutions of the Empire required that that Crown &s;hould always be one of the chief members thereof. In fine, that the Emperor him&s;elf was &s;o far from li&s;tening to the rea&s;ons that were alledged for conti|nuing the War, that he had willingly yield|ed part of his own Revenue for the &s;ecu|ring of a firm Peace.</P>
<P>In the &s;ame an&s;wer, the Emperor put the Elector of <HI>Brandenbourg</HI> in mind, That ha|ving engaged with the <HI>States-General</HI> of the <HI>&V;nited Provinces</HI> in the beginning of this War with con&s;ent of the Emperor and Em|pire, he had afterward again&s;t all rea&s;on changed his Conduct, and without ac|quainting them, joined with <HI>France;</HI> that his Imperial Maje&s;ty had much ado to take him off from that engagement, drawing upon him&s;elf great enemies thereby, and giving him con&s;iderable advantages: That by threatning, as he did, to conclude a &s;e|parate Peace as often as his Imperial Maje|&s;ty had by his Mini&s;ters made propo&s;itions of peace to him, he him&s;elf had given him cau&s;e to mind his own, and to leave him on his part to do as he &s;hould think good&punc;
<PB N="230" REF="121">In a word, that it was not for the intere&s;t of the Empire, that <HI>Sueden</HI> lo&s;ing the Ter|ritories that it had therein, &s;hould lye al|ways upon the catch to regain them, and be continually &s;tirring upon that account, to di&s;turb the publick Peace; and that therefore he would by con&s;equent do well to think of making his accommodation with that Crown.</P>
<P>Though the Amba&s;&s;adors of <HI>Denmark</HI> and <HI>Brandenbourg</HI> had no great ground to rely upon their Negotiations, and that they plainly &s;aw that the Conditions of Peace depended ab&s;olutely on the plea&s;ure of the <HI>French</HI> King, yet they left no|thing undone at <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> which they judged nece&s;&s;ary to maintain their Preten|&s;ions. The Amba&s;&s;ador of <HI>Brandenbourg</HI> perceiving that the Declaration made by the <HI>French</HI> the 24th, threatned his Electo|ral Highne&s;s with the lo&s;s of <HI>Leip&s;tadt,</HI> and the reimbur&s;ement of the charges of the War, if within the Month of <HI>March</HI> he concluded not the Peace, made on the 26. a kind of citation to the Amba&s;&s;adors of the Princes, who had made their Peace with <HI>France,</HI> that he might let them &s;ee the ob|ligation they &s;tood in of warranting the Leagues which his Electoral Highne&s;s had made with them upon occa&s;ion of the pre|&s;ent War.</P>
<PB N="231" REF="121">
<P>All the&s;e Declarations were conceived almo&s;t in the &s;ame terms; but in that which that Amba&s;&s;ador gave to the <HI>Spaniards,</HI> he &s;aid that the rigour which the <HI>French</HI> King &s;hewed towards his Electoral Highne&s;s, was an effect of the &s;eparate Treaties that &s;ome of the Confederates had made with <HI>France,</HI> to the prejudice of his Ma&s;ter; and he de|clared, that before he could an&s;wer the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors, it was nece&s;&s;ary he &s;hould know how his Catholick Ma|je&s;ty pretended to di&s;charge him&s;elf of the engagement he had made with his Ma&s;ter by the 14 and 24 Articles of their League, whereby the King of <HI>Spain</HI> was not only to procure Peace to his Electoral Highne&s;s, but al&s;o to indemnifie him as to the lo&s;&s;es that he might &s;uffer in the Countrey of <HI>Cleves.</HI> And &s;eeing the term pre&s;cribed to his Ma&s;ter by <HI>France</HI> was very &s;hort, he prayed the <HI>Spani&s;h</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors, with all expedition to inform him of his Catholick Maje&s;ties intention as to the performance of tho&s;e two Articles, that he might ac|cordingly make his an&s;wer to the Declara|tion of his mo&s;t Chri&s;tian Maje&s;ty.</P>
<P>The&s;e formalities were no real advances towards the Peace. The Amba&s;&s;adors of the North &s;till flattered them&s;elves with the hopes, that the ratification of the Em|perors
<PB N="232" REF="122">Peace might meet with &s;uch ob&s;ta|cles in the Dyet at <HI>Ratisbonne,</HI> as might change the face of affairs. Neverthele&s;s that Dyet was of a quite contrary di&s;po&s;i|tion, and nothing but the intere&s;ts of the Duke of <HI>Lorrain</HI> retarded that ratification on the Emperors part.</P>
<P>I mu&s;t here call to mind what I menti|oned before, that the <HI>French</HI> King having granted five different Plenary Commi&s;&s;ions, for treating with the five principal Confe|derates that were engaged in War again&s;t his Maje&s;ty, he would give no particular one for treating with the Duke of <HI>Lorrain,</HI> (though all the Confederates had &s;ollicited it by means of the Mediators); and there|fore that Prince having been obliged to li&s;t him&s;elf under &s;ome one or other of the Con|federates, committed his concerns to the care of the Amba&s;&s;adors of the Emperor, who in the Treaty that was concluded be|twixt the Emperor and <HI>France,</HI> having &s;ti|pulated for his preten&s;ions, it was the Em|perors part to procure the ratification of the Articles that concerned the Duke of <HI>Lorrain.</HI></P>
</DIV2>
<DIV2 TYPE="section">
<P><HI>March</HI> 1679. Neverthele&s;s the Impe|rial Amba&s;&s;adors declared on the 12th of <HI>March,</HI> That the Conditions which con|cerned
<PB N="233" REF="122">that Prince, were &s;o hard, that if <HI>France</HI> would not mitigate them, and make them more acceptable, they mu&s;t be can|celled out of the Treaty, or declared to be held as not comprehended therein, &s;ee|ing the Emperor could not procure them to be ratified, nor by con&s;equent promi&s;e to do it. The <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors made an&s;wer, That their Kings ratification which they had in cu&s;tody, being &s;imple and un|conditionated, that of the Emperor be|hoved to be &s;o too; &s;o that the Duke of <HI>Lorrain</HI> found by experience, that into who&s;e hands &s;oever he committed his In|Intere&s;ts, he was not to hope for &s;o advan|tageous Conditions, as he might have ob|tained from the <HI>French</HI> King, if he had wholly referred him&s;elf to his Maje&s;ty.</P>
<P>The Amba&s;&s;ador of <HI>Brandenbourg</HI> made the an&s;wer of the other Amba&s;&s;adors a pre|text for his delaying to give a return to the Declaration of the <HI>French,</HI> until &s;uch time as he might have orders from the Elector his Ma&s;ter: So that although he made an|&s;wer on the 11, yet he declared that it was only in expectation of in&s;tructions, that no advantage might be drawn from his &s;ilence. But as he would not directly complain of <HI>France,</HI> he imputed to <HI>Sueden</HI> all the cau&s;e of the &s;everity which he found in the
<PB N="234" REF="123">Declaration of the 24th of <HI>February.</HI></P>
<P>This Amba&s;&s;ador &s;aid, that &s;uch a kind of Declaration could not have been made, but at the in&s;tance of <HI>Sueden;</HI> that his Electoral Highne&s;s would be much &s;ur|prized, to find that that Crown charged him with unwillingne&s;s to accept of rea|&s;onable Propo&s;itions of Peace, &s;eeing the <HI>Suedi&s;h</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors could not deny, but that it was them&s;elves who refu&s;ed to an|&s;wer to the Projects of Peace, which he gave in to Sir <HI>Lionel Jenkins,</HI> the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Mediator, by expre&s;s Orders from his Ma|&s;ter; that, moreover, he did not believe that it was the intention of the <HI>French</HI> Am|ba&s;&s;adors, to make it be thought that the &s;atisfaction which his Electoral Highne&s;s pretended, did offer violence to the Trea|ties of <HI>We&s;tphalia,</HI> nor that what <HI>Sueden</HI> po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ed in the Empire was become unalie|nable, as if the States and Territories of the Empire could not pa&s;s from one to another of its Members, without violating of tho&s;e Treaties: that upon that ground only his mo&s;t Chri&s;tian Maje&s;ty had con|cluded Peace with the Princes of the hou&s;e of <HI>Brun&s;wick,</HI> who retained &s;ome part of that which <HI>Sueden</HI> heretofore po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ed in the Empire, and that the Elector his Ma|&s;ter might with much more ju&s;tice pretend
<PB N="235" REF="123">to a &s;atisfaction of the &s;ame nature. He furthermore added, That his Electoral Highne&s;s would be amazed to under&s;tand that the <HI>French</HI> &s;hould pretend to make him pay the charges of the War, and much more to dipo&s;&s;e&s;s him of <HI>Leip&s;tadt</HI> with|out any formality, contrary to the Con&s;ti|tutions of the Empire, and the very Trea|ties of <HI>We&s;tphalia;</HI> and that with &s;o much the le&s;s rea&s;on, that the Count of <HI>Lippe,</HI> to whom the half of <HI>Leip&s;tadt</HI> belonged, had not the lea&s;t quarrel with <HI>Sueden.</HI></P>
<P>All who, were le&s;s concerned than <HI>France</HI> in the re&s;tauration of <HI>Sueden;</HI> and the Me|diators them&s;elves &s;aid openly, That the too great ob&s;tinacy with which that Crown pretended to the intire re&s;titution of all that it had lo&s;t during this War, would be an in&s;uperable ob&s;tacle to the peace. That it was not to be expected that <HI>Sueden</HI> would make too much ha&s;te to end the War, &s;ince the Eight hundred thou&s;and Crowns of Sub&s;idy which that King had from <HI>France,</HI> were better to him than the Revenues of <HI>Pomerania,</HI> and all that he po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ed in <HI>Ger|many.</HI> That if the <HI>French</HI> King did not by his Power make the peace of <HI>Sueden,</HI> that Crown would never make the lea&s;t ad|vance towards it, e&s;pecially &s;o long as it was &s;o well &s;upported by the men and money of <HI>France.</HI></P>
<PB N="236" REF="124">
<P>In the mean while the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;a|dors having &s;een the An&s;wer that the <HI>Da|ni&s;h</HI> Amba&s;&s;ador made, thought fit to reply to it on the 14th. &s;aying, That the <HI>French</HI> King's de&s;ign being to make the peace of the Empire univer&s;al, his Maje&s;ty had &s;tipu|lated in the Treaty, that he &s;hould employ all his Offices with the King of <HI>Sueden,</HI> and the Emperor the like with his Confede|rates, to incline them to con&s;ent to a truce for better carrying on of the peace. That the <HI>Suedi&s;h</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors were the fir&s;t that con&s;ented to it, even by the Treaty, whil&s;t that tho&s;e of <HI>Denmark</HI> and <HI>Brandenbourg</HI> were &s;o far from conde&s;cending to what had been &s;tipulated for them, that on the contrary they had prote&s;ted again&s;t the Treaty, and u&s;ed &s;till all their endeavours to incline the Empire to prefer the conti|nuation of the War before the ratification of the peace.</P>
<P>The <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors &s;ubjoined, That it was this procedure of the Confederates which had given occa&s;ion to his Maje&s;ty of taking more efficacious mea&s;ures for ob|taining of a general peace with as much ex|pedition as the good of the people requi|red, and therefore for making the Decla|ration of the 24th of <HI>February,</HI> which was &s;o much the more rea&s;onable in the preten|&s;ions
<PB N="237" REF="124">it contained, in that all equity allow|ed that tho&s;e who &s;hare mo&s;t in the incon|veniences of War, &s;hould make likewi&s;e the greate&s;t advantages of it.</P>
<P>The Elector of <HI>Cologn,</HI> with whom peace was made, was at pre&s;ent mo&s;t expo&s;ed to the pa&s;&s;age of Forces; and his mo&s;t Chri|&s;tian Maje&s;ty not de&s;iring to make advan|tage of his Armies to the prejudice of the Empire, was willing thereby to gratifie that Prince of all the re&s;t, to whom the conti|nuation of a War, which the ob&s;tinacy a|lone of the Elector of <HI>Brandenbourg</HI> en|tertained &s;till in the Empire, was mo&s;t pre|judicial. At length the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;a|dors declared that they would never con|&s;ent to any propo&s;ition, unle&s;s the re-e&s;ta|bli&s;hment of the Treaties of <HI>We&s;tphalia</HI> was fully admitted.</P>
<P>All men were of opinion, that the ce&s;|&s;ation of Arms mentioned in the Treaty of Peace betwixt the Empire and <HI>France,</HI> was the mo&s;t proper means of compa&s;&s;ing the Peace of the North. And therefore the Amba&s;&s;ador of <HI>Brandenbourg</HI> finding that the <HI>French</HI> charged him in their Reply, with refu&s;ing to accept of that Ce&s;&s;ation, and that at the &s;ame time they declared that they could not admit of any propo|&s;ition which was not grounded on the Trea|ties
<PB N="238" REF="125">of <HI>We&s;tphalia,</HI> thought him&s;elf obliged without further delay to make an An&s;wer, which he did the 16th.</P>
<P>He &s;aid, That if by a repugnancy which is common on &s;uch occa&s;ions, he had di&s;|approved what the Imperial Amba&s;&s;adors had concluded with <HI>France</HI> to the preju|dice of his Ma&s;ter, it could not be inferred from thence, that he was unwilling to ac|cept the ce&s;&s;ation of Arms, &s;eeing he had made known to the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors, by the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Mediators, that he was rea|dy to conclude it upon rea&s;onable conditi|ons. That as the King of <HI>Denmark</HI> and Elector of <HI>Brandenbourg</HI> had cau&s;e to be very well &s;atisfied with the Mediators; &s;o their Amba&s;&s;adors ought not, without ex|pre&s;s Orders, to have the &s;ame re&s;pect for the offers of the Imperial Amba&s;&s;adors, that tho&s;e of <HI>Sueden</HI> ought to have for the care that the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors took of the concerns of that Crown; and &s;o much the rather, becau&s;e that if in this juncture <HI>France</HI> particularly performed the Articles of the League betwixt it and <HI>Sueden,</HI> it was manife&s;t that the Emperor did violate that which was contracted betwixt him and the Princes whom he abandoned.</P>
<P>The Amba&s;&s;ador added, That the Ele|ctor his Ma&s;ter had only engaged in the
<PB N="239" REF="125">War, to maintain the Peace of <HI>We&s;tphalia,</HI> again&s;t the Inva&s;ion of <HI>Sueden:</HI> That his Electoral Highne&s;s was willing to have con|tributed what he could to the pre&s;ervation of that Peace in its full force; but that &s;ince it was the intent of the &s;ame Peace, that tho&s;e who &s;hould break it, to the pre|judice of tho&s;e that are comprehended therein, &s;hould make reparation, accord|ing to the &s;entence of the Emperor and Empire; there was nothing more ju&s;t, than to put in execution the Decree which the Emperor and Empire had given again&s;t <HI>Sueden</HI> in the pre&s;ent ca&s;e; and that it was far greater ob&s;tinacy to refu&s;e that which was rea&s;onable, than to pretend to what was lawfully ones due.</P>
<P>The Mediators in the mean time, and the Amba&s;&s;adors of all the Princes, who had made their Peace, perceiving that the Month of <HI>March,</HI> which the <HI>French</HI> King allowed as the longe&s;t delay to the Elector of <HI>Brandenbourg,</HI> was drilled on in debates and di&s;putes in Writing, without any &s;eri|ous application to the promoting of the Peace, &s;olicited the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors to con&s;ent to a ce&s;&s;ation of Arms, during all the following Month, not doubting but in that time all the difficulties that hindered the conclu&s;ion of the general
<PB N="240" REF="126">Peace might at length be removed.</P>
<P>The&s;e &s;olicitations made the <HI>French</HI> Am|ba&s;&s;adors declare to the Mediators, on the 26. that in compliance with the In&s;tances that had been made to them, both by them, and the Bi&s;hop of <HI>Gurck,</HI> in name of the Amba&s;&s;adors of <HI>Denmark</HI> and <HI>Bran|denbourg,</HI> for a &s;u&s;pen&s;ion of Arms until the fir&s;t of <HI>May,</HI> they con&s;ented in name of the King their Ma&s;ter, and his Allies, to a ce&s;&s;ation during the whole Month of <HI>A|pril,</HI> provided the &s;ame Amba&s;&s;adors of <HI>Denmark</HI> and <HI>Brandenbourg</HI> accepted of it without delay, &s;aying, it was neither the fault of them, nor of their Allies, that that Truce was not granted at the time that they &s;igned the Peace with the Empe|ror, according to the offers that were made then; but that it was the prote&s;tations of the Amba&s;&s;adors of <HI>Denmark</HI> and <HI>Branden|bourg</HI> only which was the cau&s;e it did not then take effect.</P>
<P>The <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors declared to the Mediators at the &s;ame time, that they had not only received the ratification of the Peace, which they had &s;igned with the Im|perial Amba&s;&s;adors the 5th of <HI>February;</HI> but that al&s;o his mo&s;t Chri&s;tian Maje&s;ty de|&s;iring to &s;ee that Peace with all expedition accompli&s;hed for the repo&s;e of the Empire,
<PB N="241" REF="126">he had &s;ent them a commi&s;&s;ion for the ful|filling of the Treaty; &s;o that &s;ince it was not his fault that the Empire did not in|&s;tantly reap the fruits of &s;o de&s;ired a Peace, if it happened that the ratification of the Emperor &s;hould not be exchanged within the time pre&s;cribed by the Treaty, they demanded from that in&s;tant in name of the King, that the demolition of <HI>Philipsbourg,</HI> and the &s;urrender of all <HI>Bri<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">gow</HI> might be granted to his Maje&s;ty, and added to the Treaty&punc; for &s;atisfaction of the charges that he was obliged to be at. And as to the Duke of <HI>Lorrain,</HI> that if that Prince did not in the &s;ame time fully and plainly rati|fie all that the Imperial Amba&s;&s;adors had &s;tipulated for him; his Maje&s;ty in that ca&s;e held him&s;elf acquitted from all the condi|tions that he had granted to him.</P>
<P>The circum&s;tance which the <HI>French</HI> Am|ba&s;&s;adors added to their declaration, of the In&s;tances which they &s;aid were made to them by the Bi&s;hop of <HI>Gurck</HI> in the name of the Amba&s;&s;adors of <HI>Denmark</HI> and <HI>Branden|bourg,</HI> &s;o &s;en&s;ibly touched tho&s;e two Am|ba&s;&s;adors, that, thinking their Honour thereby much offended, they took a great deal of pains to make the contrary appear, by long an&s;wers which they made on that &s;ubject on the eighteenth; affirming that
<PB N="242" REF="127">they had never neither de&s;ired nor rejected the ce&s;&s;ation of Arms: but neverthele&s;s, that they might omit nothing that might in any probability tend to the promoting of the Peace, they accepted the Truce upon &s;uch conditions as &s;hould on both &s;ides be agreed upon.</P>
<P>Never were any Amba&s;&s;adors more fond of Writing than tho&s;e of <HI>Denmark</HI> and <HI>Brandenbourg;</HI> their debates had already occa&s;ioned as many publick Writings du|ring the Month of <HI>March</HI> alone, as had been made during the negotiation of all the other Treaties put together. In the mean time the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors, that they might give the&s;e Amba&s;&s;adors all the &s;atisfaction that they could de&s;ire upon &s;o nice a point, declared on the Nineteenth,</P>
<P>That &s;ince the Amba&s;&s;adors of <HI>Denmark</HI> and <HI>Brandenbourg</HI> thought them&s;elves wronged, in that they could be &s;u&s;pected to have demanded or de&s;ired a ce&s;&s;ation of Arms, they con&s;ented that the Mediators might give them a publick Act thereupon, to be joyned to the prote&s;tations which they had made again&s;t the peace of the Em|pire; whil&s;t that they on the contrary, be|ing per&s;waded that all the proceedings of the King their Ma&s;ter for the advancement of the general Peace, in a time when he
<PB N="243" REF="127">was in a condition to continue the War with advantage, argued great glory to his Maje&s;ty: They &s;till offered the ce&s;&s;ation on the &s;ame conditions which they propo|&s;ed to the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Mediators, without dero|gating, in the mean time, from their De|claration of the 24th of <HI>February,</HI> in ca&s;e that the Peace was not &s;igned in the Month of <HI>March,</HI> and that they accepted not the Truce: But that if they con&s;ented to it for the whole Month of <HI>April,</HI> it was his Maje&s;ties will, that during all that Month, the King of <HI>Denmark</HI> and Elector of <HI>Bran|denbourg</HI> might have liberty to conclude the Peace, without requiring the new Conditions that had been demanded of them.</P>
<P>At length, after &s;o many debates and proceedings to no great purpo&s;e, the Trea|ty of ce&s;&s;ation was &s;igned at <HI>Nimueguen</HI> the la&s;t of <HI>March,</HI> to continue till the fir&s;t of <HI>May,</HI> and was exchanged both in name of his mo&s;t Chri&s;tian Maje&s;ty and King of <HI>Sweden,</HI> betwixt the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors on the one part, and tho&s;e of <HI>Denmark</HI> and <HI>Brandenbourg</HI> on the other. But &s;eeing, that before the &s;igning of that Treaty, the <HI>French</HI> Intendant had cau&s;ed Contributions to be demanded from the Country of <HI>Cleves</HI> on the other &s;ide of the <HI>Raine,</HI> and that
<PB N="244" REF="128">the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors could not promi&s;e that they &s;hould not be pretended, not|with&s;tanding the conclu&s;ion of the ce&s;&s;ati|on, the &s;ame Amba&s;&s;adors con&s;ented by a publick Act, that the <HI>Dutch</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors &s;hould pa&s;s their word for them; that they &s;hould Write about it to the King, that they might know his intentions, and that in the mean time no ho&s;tile execution &s;hould be made during the &s;pace of Fifteen days; after which, if his Maje&s;ty thought good that the&s;e Contributions &s;hould be exacted, they engaged to give the Inhabi|tants of the Countrey Three days more, to take &s;uch mea&s;ures in as they &s;hould think fit.</P>
<P>The Truce that was now &s;igned, in&s;tead of advancing the negotiation, on the con|trary &s;topped the cour&s;e thereof during all the time that it la&s;ted; becau&s;e the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors &s;ticking to their Declarations, there was no more to be &s;aid: So that the Two Princes that remained &s;till in War, Judged it more convenient to negotiate their Peace with the King him&s;elf, than at <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> not doubting but that they might promi&s;e them&s;elves &s;ome advantage to their intere&s;ts from Treating rather with a great Prince, than being too head&s;trong in defending the &s;ame at <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> by a
<PB N="245" REF="128">long train of proceedings, from which they had no great cau&s;e to expect a happy con|clu&s;ion.</P>
<P>The Elector of <HI>Brandenbourg</HI> had for that effect, already &s;ent M. <HI>Meinders</HI> to the <HI>French</HI> Court; and his <HI>Dani&s;h</HI> Maje&s;ty or|dered M. <HI>de Mayerkron</HI> his Envoy to the States General, to go immediately and wait upon the King. In the mean time, a great part of <HI>Europe</HI> was allarmed at the Fleet which the mo&s;t Chri&s;tian King was &s;etting out to Sea: <HI>Italy,</HI> and particularly the Re|publick of <HI>Genoa</HI> were much &s;tartled there|at. <HI>Denmark</HI> feared a de&s;cent in the Coun|trey of <HI>Hol&s;tein;</HI> and the Parliament of <HI>England,</HI> (where there happened &s;uch commotions, that the Duke of <HI>York</HI> was obliged to depart out of the Kingdom) conceived &s;ome Jealou&s;ies at the <HI>French</HI> Na|val preparations.</P>
<P>In the mean while the Amba&s;&s;adors of <HI>Sweden</HI> having by two &s;everal Couriers, and contrary ways, &s;ent to the King their Ma&s;ter the Treaty of Peace which they had &s;igned with the Emperor, that by that means, notwith&s;tanding the &s;everity of the <HI>Danes</HI> concerning free pa&s;&s;age, they might receive the ratification in time; the&s;e two Couriers arrived at <HI>Nimueguen</HI> from &s;everal places the 17th and 18th, with the ratifi|cation
<PB N="246" REF="129">in good form; But his <HI>Swedi&s;h</HI> Ma|je&s;ty refu&s;ed to confirm the Treaty, which was concluded with the Princes of <HI>Brun&s;|wick;</HI> becau&s;e they thought in <HI>Sweden</HI> that they had yielded to them a great deal too much, and the rather, that the mo&s;t Chri|&s;tian King indemnified all the&s;e Princes at his proper charges.</P>
<P>About the &s;ame time the Pre&s;ident Ca|non, Plenipotentiary from the Duke of <HI>Lor|rain,</HI> renewed his in&s;tances with the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors, that he might obtain &s;ome moderation of the conditions that had been &s;tipulated for his Ma&s;ter. The Impe|rial Amba&s;&s;adors did al&s;o the like, but with|out any &s;ucce&s;s: So that they thought it enough to declare that his Imperial Maje&s;ty pretended to be no longer obliged by the Articles that concerned that Prince, by which his mo&s;t Chri&s;tian Maje&s;ty had de|clared him&s;elf obliged, and they demand|ed that that Peace might be deferred until another time; in &s;o much that the Imperi|ali&s;ts being unwilling that the time menti|oned in the Treaty &s;hould expire, without exchanging the ratifications, becau&s;e of the preten&s;ions made by the <HI>French</HI> in their la&s;t declaration of the 26th pa&s;t, they re&s;olved to make the exchange the 19th of <HI>April.</HI></P>
<PB N="247" REF="129">
<P><HI>April</HI> 1679, There aro&s;e an unexpected difficulty concerning the exchange of the ratifications; for the Mediators who had not &s;igned the Peace, would not take it up|on them: The <HI>Nuncio</HI> likewi&s;e excu&s;ed him&s;elf from doing it, becau&s;e he had pro|te&s;ted again&s;t the &s;ame Peace, in re&s;pect it was concluded in conformity to the Trea|ties of <HI>We&s;tphalia,</HI> again&s;t which <HI>Rome</HI> had then prote&s;ted, becau&s;e of the revenues of the Church, which they were then obliged to &s;eculari&s;e and yield up to Prote&s;tants, without which it had been impo&s;&s;ible to have procured Peace to <HI>Germany.</HI> So that the expedient that was found out, was to make the exchange of the ratifications by the hands of Secretaries, who were reci|procally &s;ent on both &s;ides. And &s;eeing the ratifications of <HI>Sweden</HI> were happily arrived the day before, they were exchan|ged in the &s;ame manner; &s;o that that was a day of Ratifications: The Ratifications of the Treaty of Peace concluded betwixt <HI>France</HI> and the Bi&s;hop of <HI>Mun&s;ter</HI> being the &s;ame day exchanged.</P>
<P>On the 20th the Envoy of <HI>Lorrain</HI> pro|te&s;ted to the Mediators, that the Duke his Ma&s;ter pretended not to be obliged by the Articles &s;tipulated for him in the Treaty of the Empire; and Eight days after declared
<PB N="248" REF="130">to the &s;ame Mediators, that though his Highne&s;s of <HI>Lorrain</HI> thought it not conve|nient to accept nor ratifie the Articles that concerned him, yet it was not his intention to continue, nor to be reckoned an enemy of <HI>France,</HI> nor of his mo&s;t Chri&s;tian Ma|je&s;ty, who&s;e humble Servant he prote&s;ted he was; the &s;ame Declaration was by the &s;ame Envoy made to the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;a|dors; telling them moreover, that he did it by expre&s;s order from his Ma&s;ter, and not in compliment.</P>
<P>In the mean time the <HI>French</HI> Forces that were in the Countrey of <HI>Cleves</HI> and <HI>Juliers</HI> &s;eeing the time of the Truce expired, and having no advice given them, that there was appearance that the Elector of <HI>Bran|denbourg</HI> would conclude his Peace upon the conditions demanded by the <HI>French</HI> King, put them&s;elves in a condition the fir&s;t of <HI>May,</HI> 1679, to pa&s;s the <HI>Rhine,</HI> over which they had made a Bridge at <HI>Ording|<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="KEYERS" EXTENT="1 letter">en.</HI> General <HI>Spaen</HI> who commanded the <HI>Brandenbourg</HI> Forces, &s;eemed as if he would oppo&s;e their pa&s;&s;age with what Soldiers and Trained-bands he had on the other &s;ide of that River; but he &s;oon retreated, when he under&s;tood that the <HI>French</HI> Army had pa&s;&s;ed it on flying Bridges above and be|low <HI>Augerorts</HI> at the meeting of the <HI>Auger</HI>
<PB N="249" REF="130">and <HI>Rhine:</HI> So that the &s;horte&s;t expedient that that General and the Amba&s;&s;ador of his Electoral Highne&s;s could find, to &s;ecure, as much as was po&s;&s;ible, the Countreys into which the <HI>French</HI> Forces were about to enter, was to procure a conference at <HI>San|then</HI> with M. <HI>Colbert,</HI> that they might en|deavour to get the Truce prolonged.</P>
<P><HI>Santhen</HI> is a little Town three Leagues from <HI>We&s;el,</HI> whether Mon&s;ieur <HI>Bla&s;piel</HI> and General <HI>Spaen</HI> went: Mon&s;ieur <HI>Colbert</HI> came there the Third of the Month, and Mon|&s;ieur <HI>Calvo</HI> who commanded the <HI>French</HI> Forces, was ordered to be pre&s;ent, to the end that according to the &s;ucce&s;s of that negotiation, he might de&s;i&s;t, or pur&s;ue the enterpri&s;es that he was in condition to make: And therefore &s;ince they were &s;traitened by time, and that the Gene|rals could not leave their Quarters, this place was cho&s;en as not being far di&s;tant, for holding of that conference, wherein the very &s;ame day the Treaty of Truce which was &s;igned at <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> until the fir&s;t of <HI>May,</HI> was prolonged for Fifteen days, to begin next day the Fourth of the Month; which lengthened the ce&s;&s;ation of Arms until the 19th, the King being un|willing to grant a longer time, that he might &s;ooner ha&s;ten the Peace, and not
<PB N="250" REF="131">leave &s;o many people in an uncertainty of a thing they &s;o much de&s;ired.</P>
<P>The chief cenditions that M. <HI>Colbert</HI> ob|tained for the prolongation of the Truce, were, that as a proof of the &s;incerity where|with the Elector intended to act with his mo&s;t Chri&s;tian Maje&s;ty, General <HI>Spaen</HI> put <HI>We&s;el</HI> and <HI>Lip&s;tadt</HI> into his hands, to be kept by him until the Peace betwixt his Ma|je&s;ty and his Allies on the one part, and his Electoral Highne&s;s on the other, &s;hould be &s;igned and ratified. The&s;e Conditions &s;eem|ed the &s;tranger, in that the Elector of <HI>Bran|denbourg</HI> made no great difficulty in grant|ing of them, offering even to put <HI>Schin|ken&s;cance</HI> into his Maje&s;ties hands, who re|fu&s;ed it, that he might not any ways allarm the States General, to whom, by the Count <HI>D'Avaux</HI> his extraordinary Amba&s;&s;ador, he gave that te&s;timony of his good will.</P>
<P>It was not ea&s;ie to be conceived what could be the policy of the Elector of <HI>Bran|denbourg,</HI> in willingly delivering up tho&s;e places; if he de&s;ired the Peace in good ear|ne&s;t, as it was probable, &s;ince he thereby put him&s;elf in greater need of concluding it, what advantage did he find in expo&s;ing his Countrey to ruine, for &s;ome few weeks de|lay in the conclu&s;ion of the Treaty? Or if he had a de&s;ign to defend him&s;elf, and that
<PB N="251" REF="131">he hoped he was able to re&s;i&s;t a powerful Army, he might have begun by <HI>We&s;el,</HI> which was a &s;trong place, and wherein he had a good Cari&s;on that might have afforded his Enemies bu&s;ine&s;s upon their entry into his Countrey.</P>
<P>It was thought that the Elector of <HI>Bran|denbourg</HI> perceived very well that he could not hold out long; and that he knew that if the <HI>French</HI> entered by force, not only that whole Countrey would be utterly ru|ined, but that likewi&s;e there would be &s;o great a con&s;ternation throughout all his o|ther Territories, that it would be hard for him to &s;ecure any of them; that upon the&s;e con&s;iderations he had yielded up tho&s;e pla|ces, that he might the better pre&s;erve them; and the rather that with the Forces he drew out of <HI>We&s;el</HI> and <HI>Lip&s;tadt,</HI> he would be in a condition of making a vigorous re&s;i&s;tance at <HI>Minden,</HI> and to obtain from <HI>France</HI> more advantageous conditions than tho&s;e which he could not as yet re&s;olve to embrace: but before experience made appear how little &s;ecurity there was in that choice, it was not very hard to fore&s;ee that the Elector of <HI>Brandenbourg</HI> was not like to find great ad|vantage thereby.</P>
<P>About this time, the Mare&s;hal <HI>D' E|&s;trades</HI> having got leave from the King his
<PB N="252" REF="132">Ma&s;ter to leave <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> parted from thence with his whole Family on the Fifth, and M. <HI>Colbert,</HI> to whom alone the King referred what remained of the negotiation at <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> &s;igned the &s;ame day the pro|longation of the Truce with the Amba&s;&s;a|dor of <HI>Denmark,</HI> upon the &s;ame conditions that were agreed upon at <HI>Santhen</HI> with the Amba&s;&s;ador of <HI>Brandenbourg,</HI> except the Article concerning the places which were to be delivered up to his Maje&s;ty.</P>
<P>M. <HI>Meinders</HI> finding no &s;ucce&s;s in his Negotiation with his mo&s;t Chri&s;tian Maje|&s;ty, having parted from the <HI>French</HI> Court upon his return to the Elector his Ma&s;ter, that he might receive from him more ample in&s;tructions, and a larger commi&s;&s;ion, re|turned at that time to <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> where on the morrow the 11th of the Month, he had a long conference with M. <HI>Colbert,</HI> which made it hoped that the Peace of <HI>Brandenbourg</HI> would be &s;peedily concluded; but a few days after, M. <HI>Meinders</HI> took his Journey back to <HI>Paris.</HI></P>
<P>The Emperor in the mean time gave no orders to his Amba&s;&s;adors concerning the fulfilling of the Treaty of the Empire; which occa&s;ioned great complaining a|mong&s;t all the people of the Countries that were po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ed by the <HI>French;</HI> &s;eeing that
<PB N="253" REF="132">far from enjoying the fruit of Peace, they found them&s;elves on the contrary almo&s;t undone by the va&s;t contributions which they payed for maintanance of the <HI>French</HI> Forces; they carried their grievances even to the Mediators at <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> and the Nuncio having reported them to M. <HI>Colbert</HI> by a Memoir that he gave him the 14th, that Amba&s;&s;ador offered to cau&s;e the <HI>French</HI> Forces to draw out of the po&s;ts which they po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ed, provided that the Emperor would evacuate the places which his Army held in the Empire, according to the intent of the 27. Article of the Treaty of Peace.</P>
<P>At that time the Princes of <HI>Brun&s;wick</HI> &s;ollicited the Mediators, the Amba&s;&s;adors of the Empire, and of <HI>France,</HI> that the Trea|ty which they had made with <HI>France</HI> and <HI>Sueden,</HI> might be declared to make a part of the Treaty concluded at <HI>Nimueguen</HI> be|twixt the Emperor and tho&s;e two Crowns. The Imperial Amba&s;&s;adors were for com|mitting the affair to <HI>Vienna;</HI> but <HI>M. Col|bert</HI> gave tho&s;e Princes on the Kings part an Act of inclu&s;ion into the Treaty of the Empire.</P>
<P>The Elector of <HI>Brandenbourg</HI> found now that he gained nothing by delaying to ac|cept the Conditions which the <HI>French</HI> had long ago propo&s;ed to him; for the Forces
<PB N="254" REF="133">that fell into his Countrey of the <HI>Marck,</HI> put him to a &s;tand; and tho&s;e whom he had led into <HI>Pru&s;&s;ia</HI> again&s;t the <HI>Suedes,</HI> &s;uffered much, and were ruined by the long Mar|ches which he cau&s;ed them to make that they might come and defend <HI>Minden.</HI> And therefore his Electoral Highne&s;s, that he might omit nothing that would tend to his advantage, re&s;olved to Write to the French King, and to try if he could obtain from his Maje&s;ties genero&s;ity, what he could not hope for by any other means.</P>
<P>I thought fit here to in&s;ert that Letter at length, becau&s;e I found it would be diffi|cult to expre&s;s the force of &s;o fine a Letter by way of ab&s;tract; be&s;ides, unle&s;s I gave the exact Copy of it, it might probably be hard to be believed that agreat Prince, &s;uch as the Elector of <HI>Brandenbourg,</HI> would write with &s;o much re&s;pect and &s;ubmi&s;&s;ion to his <HI>Maje&s;ty.</HI></P>
<LETTER LANG="eng">
<HEAD>The Letter from the Elector of <HI>Brandenbourg</HI> to the <HI>French</HI> King.</HEAD>
<OPENER><DATELINE><HI>Po&s;tdam</HI> <DATE>the 16. May, 1679.</DATE></DATELINE>
<SALUTE>My Lord,</SALUTE></OPENER>
<P>IT is impo&s;&s;ible but that your Maje&s;ty, according to the great wi&s;dom where|with
<PB N="255" REF="133">with God has endowed you, does ea&s;ily per|ceive the moderation and ju&s;tice of my preten&s;ions: and it being &s;o, that you mu&s;t offer violence to that Genero&s;ity and Greatne&s;s of Soul which is natural to your Maje&s;ty, in forcing me to conditions of peace that are not only injurious to me, but ignominious al&s;o. God, who is ju&s;t, &s;eeing the righteou&s;ne&s;s of my Cau&s;e, hath pro&s;pered my Arms with the conque&s;t of all <HI>Pomerania;</HI> and your Maje&s;ty makes me give back the greate&s;t part of it, which I put into your hands that I may pre&s;erve the re&s;t, which is but a &s;mall matter in re|&s;pect of what I have gained with the lo&s;s of my blood and the ruine of my &s;ubjects. Is it not then ju&s;t, my Lord, that &s;ince your Maje&s;ty obliges me to part from &s;o great and fair Cities, and &s;o much of my Enemies Countrey, you &s;hould likewi&s;e oblige the <HI>Suedes</HI> to leave me the re&s;t; and that your Maje&s;ty having &s;o far concern|ed your &s;elf for the party that had no right to demand any thing, &s;hould con|cern your &s;elf al&s;o for him who had right to keep all, but yet yields the greate&s;t part meerly in cond&s;ieration of your Maje&s;ty? I am informed that your Mini&s;ters object to me the Intere&s;t of your Glory and Ho|nour; and know that that is a powerful
<PB N="256" REF="134">motive to animate a great &s;oul to under|takings: But &s;uffer me to put you in mind, That Ju&s;tice is the &s;ource and rule of Glory; and that I having that on my &s;ide, it is far greater and more &s;olid glory to &s;upport a ju&s;t and moderate preten&s;ion, than to favour one that is nothing le&s;s. And certainly could your Maje&s;ty but hear the di&s;cour&s;e of all <HI>Europe,</HI> and weigh it with the rea&s;ons that Intere&s;t &s;ugge&s;ts to you from my Enemies, I am confident you would in&s;tantly decide in my favours, and &s;o prevent the judgment of di&s;intere&s;ted po&s;terity. Withall, my Lord, I am very &s;en&s;ible that the Match is too unequal betwixt your Maje&s;ties Forces and mine, and that I am unable to re&s;i&s;t a King who alone hath carried the burden of a War again&s;t the greate&s;t Pow|ers of <HI>Europe,</HI> and hath with &s;o much glory and &s;ucce&s;s gone through with it: But can your Maje&s;ty find any advantage in the ruine of a Prince who is &s;o de&s;irous to &s;erve you; and who being pre&s;erved, may contribute more to your &s;ervice than a bare willingne&s;s? Your Maje&s;ty will, certainly, be the fir&s;t that will regret my ruine, &s;ince you cannot ea&s;ily find in all the world be&s;ides, one who is more really and with greater re&s;pect and zeal than my &s;elf, <HI>Your Maje&s;ties,</HI> &amp;c.</P>
</LETTER>
<PB N="257" REF="134">
<P>The Duke of <HI>Lorrain</HI> al&s;o, who was not willing to neglect any thing that might give the <HI>French</HI> King fre&s;h evidences of his de|&s;ire to merit the favour of his Maje&s;ty, was not &s;atisfied with the a&s;&s;urances which he had already cau&s;ed to be given to him, but likewi&s;e got the Mediators to declare to M. <HI>Colbert,</HI> That the Emperor had taken into his &s;ervice all the <HI>Lorrain</HI> forces; and in the publick Declaration which he made at <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> he &s;aid that he had delivered his Forces to a Prince at peace with <HI>France,</HI> that he might make appear to the King, that though he was expelled his own Domini|ons, yet he would do nothing that might give his Maje&s;ty ground to deprive him of the honour of his favour.</P>
<P>There was no appearance in the mean time that <HI>Germany</HI> would &s;o &s;oon ta&s;te of the fruit of the Peace, becau&s;e there was no forwardne&s;s &s;hew'd for the fulfilling of the Treaty: for though the accompli&s;h|ment of it was very nece&s;&s;ary for the ea&s;e of a great many Provinces of the Empire; yet the Imperial Amba&s;&s;adors te&s;tified no great &s;ollicitude for attaining to &s;o de&s;ired an end. But M. <HI>Colbert</HI> having by the Me|diators acquainted them with the commi&s;&s;i|on that he had received from the King his Ma&s;ter to act alone as to the executing of
<PB N="258" REF="135">the Treaties, they agreed to meet on the 22. at the Town-Hall of <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> in pre&s;ence of Sir <HI>Lionel Jenkins</HI> Mediator. That Conference la&s;ted four hours, but without any agreement. As to the expli|cation of the 27. Article of the Treaty of Peace, the Imperiali&s;ts &s;aid that they were ready to remove their Forces from the places they po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ed, &s;o &s;oon as they were required to do it by the States of the Em|pire. But the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;ador main|tained that the Emperor ought to remove them without any requi&s;ition, &s;eeing that Article was ab&s;olute, and without conditi|on, equally obliging both parties fairly to evacuate all the places which they po&s;&s;e&s;&s;|ed, within a Month after the exchange of the Ratifications, without further delay.</P>
<P>The King of <HI>Denmark</HI>'s Re&s;olution of treating his Peace with the King him&s;elf, put an end to the Negotiation of the Am|ba&s;&s;ador of that Court at <HI>Nimueguen.</HI> Ne|verthele&s;s <HI>Mon&s;ieur de Meyerkron</HI> was not at fir&s;t favourably accepted of his Maje&s;ty, who refu&s;ed to receive the King of <HI>Den|mark</HI>'s Letter, becau&s;e in that Letter he gave him not the title of Maje&s;ty, though that retarded not long the Negotiation. The King approved of the mea&s;ures that were taken of treating the Peace of the North
<PB N="259" REF="135">in <HI>Schonen.</HI> And M. <HI>Heugh,</HI> Amba&s;&s;ador from his <HI>Dani&s;h</HI> Maje&s;ty at <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> ac|quainted M. <HI>Colbert</HI> on the 26. with the Conference that was to be held at <HI>Louden,</HI> where M. <HI>de Feuquieres,</HI> Amba&s;&s;ador from his Mo&s;t Chri&s;tian Maje&s;ty in <HI>Sueden,</HI> was to meet the Mini&s;ter of the King of <HI>Denmark.</HI> The <HI>Suedi&s;h</HI> Ratification of the Treaty of Peace betwixt that Crown and the Bi&s;hop of <HI>Mun&s;ter,</HI> was at that time brought to <HI>Nimueguen;</HI> but it was not as yet exchan|ged, becau&s;e of &s;ome difficulties that were found in the Treaty which was &s;igned the 22. of <HI>March.</HI></P>
<P>The <HI>French</HI> Forces began already to &s;pread in the <HI>Marck</HI> of <HI>Brandenbourg,</HI> and there came daily new Troops to <HI>We&s;el,</HI> to encrea&s;e the Army which the <HI>Mare&s;hal de Crequi</HI> was to command; Equipage, Artil|lery, and all nece&s;&s;ary Ammunition, were continually brought; and the <HI>French</HI> u&s;ed the greater diligence to put them&s;elves in a condition of making &s;ome enterpri&s;e, be|cau&s;e <HI>M. Meinders</HI> was not at all urgent in his Negotiation with the King. He &s;pake but indifferently as to that concern, and &s;aid that the Elector his Ma&s;ter could not make peace, if <HI>Stetin,</HI> and the countrey beyond the <HI>Oder,</HI> were not given up to him.</P>
<PB N="260" REF="136">
<P>Mo&s;t of the Princes of <HI>Germany</HI> offered their offices for the promoting of that Peace. The Elector of <HI>Saxony</HI> offered his Mediation; but the Letter which he wrote to the <HI>French</HI> King upon that &s;ubject, ha|ving been given by M. <HI>de Bla&s;per</HI> to M <HI>Col|bert</HI> to be &s;ent to his Maje&s;ty, that Amba&s;|&s;ador refu&s;ed to do it, &s;eeing the Elector of <HI>Brandenbourg</HI> had a Mini&s;ter at Court, who might di&s;charge that office. The Princes of <HI>Brun&s;wick</HI> made al&s;o &s;ome in&s;tances in fa|vour al&s;o of his Electoral Highne&s;s, that they might procure a delay in the Military executions, &s;eeming to be per&s;uaded that that peace would not fail to give the King all kind of &s;atisfaction.</P>
<P>It was neverthele&s;s a rare thing to &s;ee that it behoved the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors to pre&s;s the <HI>Imperiali&s;ts</HI> to con&s;ent to the ea&s;ing of the Empire by con&s;ummating of the peace. For this end M. <HI>Colbert</HI> thought a &s;econd Conference nece&s;&s;ary; in which the <HI>Impe|riali&s;ts</HI> would not maintain the rea&s;ons which they had alledged in the former, without palpable prevarication. He there|fore on the &s;econd of <HI>June</HI> 1679. propo&s;ed to the Mediators, that they would bring a|bout that Conferenee, in which it would be convenient that all the Mini&s;ters of the Prinees of the Empire at <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> might
<PB N="261" REF="136">be pre&s;ent, to the end it might appear whe|ther the Emperor or <HI>French</HI> King were the cau&s;e of the delay of that performance on which the repo&s;e of &s;o many people de|pended. But the Emperors Amba&s;&s;adors thinking that a Conference in pre&s;ence of the Mini&s;ters of the Princes of the Empire would injure the Authority of his Imperi|al Maje&s;ty, ab&s;olutely refu&s;ed it, &s;aying that the Decree which they had from the Dyet at <HI>Ratisbon,</HI> &s;ufficiently authori&s;ed the Em|peror to act as his Imperial Maje&s;ty &s;hould think fitting touching the concerns of the Peace and pre&s;ent War.</P>
<P>At that time the Mini&s;ter of the Elector of <HI>Cologn</HI> pre&s;ented a Memoir to the Media|tors, demanding that <HI>Bonne</HI> might be evacu|ated by the Imperial Gari&s;on; and at the &s;ame time publi&s;hed the Re&s;olution which the Dyet at <HI>Ratisbon</HI> had taken the 22. of the foregoing Month, whereby the Empe|ror was entreated to command that the pla|ces in the Empire po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ed by the Imperial Troops might be evacuated, &s;o that the Im|perialins could not refu&s;e a &s;econd Confer|ence upon that occa&s;ion at the Town-hall. But for all that, it was not po&s;&s;ible to bring them to conde&s;cend to the evacuation of the places; pretending that they had not as yet had any advice of that re&s;ult of the
<PB N="262" REF="137">Dyet of the Empire. Neverthele&s;s in regard of the in&s;tance that had been made by the Mini&s;ter of the Elector of <HI>Cologn,</HI> they of|fered to draw all the Forces out of his Countrey, provided that the <HI>French</HI> drew theirs out of the Countreys of <HI>Liege</HI> and <HI>Juliers.</HI></P>
<P>M. <HI>Colbert</HI> could not conde&s;cend to that Propo&s;ition; but he offered to maintain with all exactne&s;s at the Kings charges, the Gari&s;ons of the places which his Maje&s;ty had re&s;erved in the Empire, to be employed for procuring of the Peace of the North, and the &s;atisfaction of <HI>Sueden.</HI> The Impe|rial Amba&s;&s;adors an&s;wered, That his mo&s;t Chri&s;tian Maje&s;ty was obliged to do that from the very day that the Ratifications of the Peace were exchanged: And &s;o that &s;econd Conference had no better &s;ucce&s;s than the former.</P>
<P>That which mo&s;t vexed the Imperiali&s;ts, was, that they could not obtain by the Peace, that the <HI>French</HI> King &s;hould re&s;tore the Ten Towns of <HI>Al&s;atia</HI> into the conditi|on they were in before the War; that his Maje&s;ty &s;hould draw out his Gari&s;ons, and not po&s;&s;e&s;s them as belonging to him in pro|priety: And therefore, &s;eeing that &s;tuck extreamly in their heart, they intended when they made the Treaty for con&s;umma|ting
<PB N="263" REF="137">the Peace, to have comprehended tho&s;e Ten Towns among&s;t the places which <HI>France</HI> ought to evacuate; and in pro&s;pect of that, they put them into the Li&s;t which at that time they gave of the places of the Empire, from whence the King was to re|move his Forces. M. <HI>Colbert</HI> an&s;wered in general, that his Maje&s;ty was ready to draw out his Gari&s;ons from all the places which they held in the Empire, excepting tho&s;e that were made over to <HI>France</HI> by the Trea|ties of <HI>Mun&s;ter</HI> and <HI>Nimueguen.</HI></P>
<P>That An&s;wer gave no ground to the Im|periali&s;ts to hope that they might obtain by that Negotiation, what they could not gain by the Treaty of Peace, though they al|ledged that the Treaty of <HI>Mun&s;ter</HI> was not &s;o expre&s;s concerning the Ce&s;&s;ion of the Ten Towns of <HI>Al&s;atia,</HI> but that an Article of the &s;ame Treaty &s;eemed to contradict what was clearly explained in another place con|cerning that Ce&s;&s;ion. But the Imperiali&s;ts at length waving that preten&s;ion, declared on the 15th, that they con&s;ented that <HI>France</HI> &s;hould evacuate all tho&s;e places which their Forces held in the Empire, ex|cepting tho&s;e that had been yielded to them by the Treaties of <HI>Mun&s;ter</HI> and <HI>Nimueguen;</HI> and that on their part they were ready to evacuate, not only <HI>Bonne,</HI> but al&s;o <HI>Treves</HI>
<PB N="264" REF="138">and <HI>Key&s;erflatern,</HI> in compliance with the in&s;tances that were made to that effect by the Electors of <HI>Cologne, Treves,</HI> and the <HI>Pa|latin;</HI> but that for the other places of the Empire, they &s;till expected the re&s;olution of the Diet of <HI>Ratisbone,</HI> affirming that they doubted not but that the Emperor would comply with the de&s;ire of the States of the Empire.</P>
<P>That An&s;wer being by the Mediators communicated to M. <HI>Colbert</HI> on the 16th, that Amba&s;&s;ador &s;aw &s;o little di&s;po&s;ition on the part of the Imperiali&s;ts to a &s;incere per|formance of the 27th Article of the Trea|ty of Peace, that he held to the la&s;t decla|ration which he had made, in re&s;pect that the Emperor, who was much more concern|ed than <HI>France</HI> to make that evacuation, ought likewi&s;e to be more inclined to it, to the end that &s;ome difficulties which appa|rently had no other &s;cope but the Emperors particular advantage, might no longer re|tard the general ea&s;e of the States of the Empire.</P>
<P>The <HI>French</HI> Army was in the neighbor|hood of <HI>Minden,</HI> and began to &s;traiten that place, where General <HI>Spaen</HI> pretended to make a vigorous re&s;i&s;tance: But the Mare&s;hal <HI>de Crequi</HI> made Mon&s;ieur <HI>Calvo</HI> pa&s;s the <HI>We&s;er</HI> on the 30th with a party of Hor&s;e
<PB N="265" REF="138">and Foot, on a Bridge of Boats which he had cau&s;ed to be made, whil'&s;t he him&s;elf, with a Body of Hor&s;e, went to cro&s;s it at a Ford, which he pa&s;&s;ed, partly &s;wimming under the Guns of a Ca&s;tle, and in &s;ight of the Enemies Trenches. The Ca&s;tle was af|terward taken by the Foot commanded by the Marque&s;s of <HI>&V;xelles.</HI> At the &s;ame time the Mare&s;hal <HI>de Crequi,</HI> who pa&s;&s;ed the Ri|ver only with an intent to oblige the Coun|trey to pay the Contributions which he had demanded, perceiving that General <HI>Spaen</HI> was come out of the Town with above Three thou&s;and men, and &s;ome Field-pieces, to di&s;pute the pa&s;&s;age of the River, briskly attacqued and defeated that Party. Gene|ral <HI>Spaen</HI> was beat back to <HI>Minden</HI> with con&s;iderable lo&s;s of men killed, and above four hundred taken pri&s;oners; &s;o that the Elector of <HI>Brandenbourg</HI> had cau&s;e to be fully convinced, that nothing but a Peace could &s;ecure him from the mi&s;eries which the continuation of the War threatned.</P>
<P>This was the la&s;t action that put an end to &s;o great a War; and if the Elector of <HI>Brandenbourg</HI> had ha&s;tened but a few days the Negotiation of the Peace which was &s;igned at St. <HI>Germans</HI> the day before, the news had come in time to have &s;aved a great many brave men, by preventing that Engagement.</P>
<PB N="266" REF="139">
<P>The re-e&s;tabli&s;hment of the Treaties of <HI>We&s;tphalia,</HI> was the ground-work and chief Article of the peace of <HI>Brandenbourg,</HI> without any derogation from them, except that for avoiding the differences that ari&s;e commonly among&s;t Princes about the con|fu&s;ion of limits. <HI>Sueden</HI> yielded to the Ele|ctor of <HI>Brandenbourg</HI> the Territories which that King po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ed beyond the <HI>Oder</HI> before the War, excepting the Towns of <HI>Dam</HI> and <HI>Golnau,</HI> with their dependencies; his Electoral Highne&s;s being in the mean time to retain po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ion of <HI>Golnau,</HI> until the Crown of <HI>Sueden</HI> &s;hould pay him the &s;um of fifty thou&s;and Crowns.</P>
<P>The King of <HI>Sueden</HI> likewi&s;e gave up the half of the Tole and Cu&s;toms which are rai&s;ed at the Port of the Town of <HI>Colberg,</HI> and the other Ports of the Electoral <HI>Pome|rania,</HI> and which were granted by the Trea|ty of <HI>Stettin</HI> in the year 1653. But <HI>Sueden</HI> had &s;till the Soveraignty of the River of <HI>Oder,</HI> the Elector of <HI>Brandenbourg</HI> having no power to &s;ettle any Tole there.</P>
<P>That Prince was not exempted from the clau&s;e which was common to all the other Princes who had made their peace with <HI>France;</HI> to wit, that he could not directly nor indirectly a&s;&s;i&s;t the King of <HI>Denmark</HI> his Ally, if he continued to make war
<PB N="267" REF="139">again&s;t <HI>Sueden.</HI> But the <HI>French</HI> King as an effect of his good will, and for the good of the peace, promi&s;ed by a &s;eparate Arti|cle to pay, or cau&s;e to be paid to the Ele|ctor the &s;um of Three hundred thou&s;and crowns, in &s;ome manner to reimbur&s;e the charges he had been at during the cour&s;e of the War.</P>
<P>There remained now no Negotiation of importance to be managed at <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> but that of the Treaty for fulfilling of the peace concluded betwixt the Emperor and <HI>France;</HI> for the Conferences that were on foot at <HI>Louden</HI> in <HI>Schonen,</HI> or rather the Negotiation that M. <HI>de Meyerkron</HI> had be|gun at the <HI>French</HI> Court, gave hopes that ere long the peace would be concluded be|twixt <HI>Sueden</HI> and <HI>Denmark.</HI> Upon de&s;ign of ha&s;tning the conclu&s;ion of that peace, a con&s;iderable detachment of Cavalry com|manded by the Marque&s;s of <HI>Joyen&s;e,</HI> march|ed through the Territories of the Elector of <HI>Brandenbourg,</HI> into the Counties of <HI>Ol|denbourg</HI> and <HI>Delmenhur&s;t,</HI> and put all that Countrey under contribution.</P>
<P>The Count <HI>D' E&s;pen&s;e</HI> pa&s;&s;ed at that time through <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> going with the Trea|ty to the Elector of <HI>Brandenbourg;</HI> and though that peace was &s;igned at St. <HI>Ger|mans,</HI> yet the Ratifications of it were ex|changed
<PB N="268" REF="140">at <HI>Nimueguen</HI> the 22. of <HI>July</HI> 1679. &s;o that nothing now detained M. <HI>Colbert</HI> at <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> but the concluding with the Imperiali&s;ts the Treaty for fulfilling the peace. Yet he found them not as yet di&s;po|&s;ed to end that bu&s;ine&s;s quickly, though the conclu&s;ion of it was &s;o nece&s;&s;ary for the welfare and repo&s;e of the Empire, that without the &s;ame, the peace was of no u&s;e at all to it.</P>
<P>Matters &s;tanding thus, M. <HI>Colbert</HI> thought that it behoved him to put a little more heat into the Imperiali&s;ts than he perceiv|ed there was, and to bring them to his hand by all ways imaginable. He found none more proper nor more natural, than to feign a &s;udden departure, for which he &s;aid he had received Orders; and in that de&s;ign he &s;ent away a good part of his Equipage and Servants. The Imperial Am|ba&s;&s;adors made no doubt but that he had &s;uch Orders as he &s;aid; and the <HI>Nuncio</HI> be|&s;tirred him&s;elf with the zeal of a true Me|diator, in &s;olliciting the Imperiali&s;ts, to the end that &s;o many people ruined by the mi|&s;eries of War, might not be longer with|out ta&s;ting the fruit of peace.</P>
<P>The&s;e con&s;iderations at length prevailed with the Emperor's Amba&s;&s;adors: for tho' they had been as &s;tiff as to the conclu&s;ion
<PB N="269" REF="140">of the Treaty of performance, as they had been in re&s;pect of that of the peace it &s;elf; yet they well perceived that the endea|vours which they had heretofore u&s;ed for explaining in their favour in the Treaty of <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> what they found advantageous for <HI>France</HI> in the Treaty of <HI>Mun&s;ter,</HI> hav|ing only tended to confirm the <HI>French</HI> pre|ten&s;ions as to the Soveraignty of the ten Towns of <HI>Al&s;atia,</HI> they might likewi&s;e be a&s;&s;ured that they lo&s;t time in pretending to gain by the Treaty of Performance, more than they could by the Treaty of Peace; &s;o that &s;eeing M. <HI>Colbert</HI> had prefixed a day for his departure, they con&s;ented to &s;ign the Treaty, rather than to leave &s;o great a work imperfect.</P>
<P>By that Treaty which was &s;igned the 17. the evacuation was on both &s;ides to be made the 20th of <HI>Augu&s;t,</HI> from all places in general, which by the Treaties of <HI>We&s;tpha|lia</HI> and <HI>Nimueguen</HI> belonged neither to his Imperial Maje&s;ty nor to the <HI>French</HI> King, excepting eight places mentioned in the 8th Article of the Treaty of Peace &s;igned at <HI>Nimueguen</HI> the 5th of <HI>February,</HI> which the King was to po&s;&s;e&s;s in the Empire un|til the conclu&s;ion of the peace of the North.</P>
<PB N="270" REF="141">
<P>Seeing this Treaty was to take effect without any need of giving or exchanging of Ratifications; it was no &s;ooner &s;igned, but that M. <HI>Colbert</HI> left <HI>Nimueguen</HI> that he might return to <HI>France</HI> by the way of <HI>Hol|land:</HI> So that now it may be &s;aid that the A&s;&s;embly at <HI>Nimueguen</HI> ended, &s;ince the chief party left it, and that there was no more to be treated there. Neverthele&s;s the Mediators, part of the <HI>Imperiali&s;ts</HI> and <HI>Spa|niards,</HI> the Amba&s;&s;adors of <HI>Sueden</HI> and of the States General, made a little longer &s;tay at <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> there to &s;ign the Treaties betwixt <HI>Spain</HI> and <HI>Sueden, Sueden,</HI> and the States General. And the Nuncio intending to &s;tay until the end, that he might give proofs of the &s;incerity of the intentions which he brought to that A&s;&s;embly, was al&s;o one of the la&s;t that departed.</P>
<P>Since all the Princes, who had &s;till &s;ome concerns to be adju&s;ted, were comprehend|ed in the Treaties which <HI>France</HI> had con|cluded with the principal parties, and by con&s;equent all ho&s;tilities among&s;t them cea&s;|ed; the greate&s;t difficulties that remained to be determined, were about the Com|merce of <HI>Sueden</HI> and the States General.</P>
<P>The Peace betwixt <HI>Spain</HI> and <HI>Sueden</HI> was ea&s;ie to be concluded, &s;eeing that in that Negotiation there was no new intere&s;t to
<PB N="271" REF="141">be managed betwixt tho&s;e Two Crowns: Neither was there any need of a Treaty for that Peace, only &s;ome Conditions were agreed upon, under which it was to be publi&s;hed in the Countries of the <HI>Spani&s;h</HI> Dominion, and tho&s;e that depend on <HI>Sueden.</HI></P>
<P>The greate&s;t perplexity that happened in that affair proceeded from this, that Sir <HI>Lionel Jenkins</HI> the Mediator, and the Amba&s;&s;adors of <HI>Sueden</HI> had not, no more than the <HI>French,</HI> for the Rea&s;ons I mentioned before, &s;een the Marque&s;s <HI>de la Fuente</HI> the <HI>Spani&s;h</HI> am|ba&s;&s;ador; &s;o that &s;ince the Mediator could not directly mediate betwixt that Amba&s;&s;a|dor of <HI>Spain</HI> and tho&s;e of <HI>Sueden,</HI> the Ne|gotiation on the part of <HI>Spain;</HI> behoved to be managed betwixt Sir <HI>Lionel Jenkins</HI> and the Marque&s;s <HI>de la Fuente</HI> by the mediation of the Imperial Amba&s;&s;adors; by this means, and by the great care that the Lord Amba&s;|&s;ador <HI>Jenkins</HI> took in that Affair, the parties agreed upon a form for the re-e&s;tabli&s;hment and publication of the Peace betwixt the Two Crowns of <HI>Spain</HI> and <HI>Sueden;</HI> and the mutual Acts of acceptation being reci|procally interchanged, the form was &s;ent to <HI>Spain</HI> and <HI>Sueden,</HI> to be &s;igned by the Two Kings, and afterwards publi&s;hed at <HI>Madrid</HI> and <HI>Bru&s;&s;els,</HI> and at <HI>Stockholme</HI> and <HI>Riga</HI> in <HI>Livonia.</HI></P>
<PB N="272" REF="142">
<P>The &s;ub&s;tance of that formulary was, that the Declaration of War, which had been made &s;ome years ago, e&s;pecially &s;ince the 17th of <HI>September</HI> of the foregoing year, betwixt the Kings of <HI>Sueden</HI> and <HI>Spain,</HI> &s;hould be reputed as never made; that his Catholick Maje&s;ty con&s;ented that the King of <HI>Sueden</HI> &s;hould be comprehended in the Treaty of Peace, which had been &s;igned, and &s;ince ratified betwixt <HI>France</HI> and <HI>Spain;</HI> and then, that his <HI>Suedi&s;h</HI> Maje&s;ty approved that the King of <HI>Spain</HI> &s;hould in like man|ner be comprehended in the Treaty of Peace that had been &s;igned and ratified be|twixt his Imperial Maje&s;ty, and the mo&s;t Chri&s;tian King; the&s;e Two Kings com|manding and declaring that a true, &s;incere and Chri&s;tian Peace be renewed and &s;etled betwixt them, their Kingdoms and Subjects, as fully as there had never been War nor any Ho&s;tility betwixt them.</P>
<P>The intere&s;t of <HI>Sueden</HI> and <HI>Holland,</HI> were attended with &s;o many difficulties, that tho&s;e Two Treaties of Peace and Commerce betwixt tho&s;e Two Powers, were the la&s;t that were concluded at <HI>Nimueguen.</HI> So many ob&s;tacles and &s;o hard to be &s;urmount|ed were &s;tarted concerning Navigation, that it would be tedious, and contrary to the de&s;ign I propo&s;ed to my &s;elf in writing,
<PB N="273" REF="142">if I &s;hould enlarge upon the particulars: I &s;hall only hint at the principal points on which were founded the difficulties that la&s;ted &s;o long.</P>
<P>So &s;oon as the Peace was &s;igned betwixt <HI>France</HI> and the <HI>States-General,</HI> the Negotia|tion of another betwixt <HI>Sueden</HI> and the &s;ame States was begun. The mo&s;t difficult point to be adju&s;ted in the Negotiation of that peace, was the renewing of the Trea|ties of Alliance and Commerce which have been betwixt the two Nations. The <HI>Suedes</HI> in&s;i&s;ted much upon the renewing of the Treaty of 1673; but it being made when the affairs of <HI>Holland</HI> were in a bad condition, and in hopes that the <HI>Suedes</HI> ha|ving undertaken to be the Mediators of the peace, would have no occa&s;ion to declare, as they did, for <HI>France:</HI> in pro&s;pect of that, the <HI>States-General</HI> &s;crupled not by that Treaty to grant great advantages to <HI>Sue|den;</HI> but they would not at all con&s;ent that it &s;hould be mentioned in the fourth Arti|cle of the Treaty of peace, wherein they only renewed tho&s;e of 1640. 1645. 1646. and 1667.</P>
<P>Of &s;even and thirty Articles which com|po&s;e the Treaty of Commerce and Navi|gation, there was hardly one which did not produce &s;ome difficulty. They had already,
<PB N="274" REF="143">for almo&s;t the &s;pace of a whole year, la|boured in vain to &s;urmount tho&s;e ob&s;ta|cles; and therefore it was expected that at the <HI>Hague</HI> rather than <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> the prin|cipal points in debate would be more ea&s;ily adju&s;ted. With the&s;e hopes M. <HI>Oliverkrans</HI> went in the Month of <HI>May</HI> to the <HI>Hague;</HI> and the <HI>States-General</HI> having named Com|mi&s;&s;ioners to treat with that Amba&s;&s;ador, they met at the Hou&s;e of the Count <HI>D' Avaux,</HI> who in that juncture performed the Office of Mediator. Be&s;ides, the particular intere&s;t that the Town of <HI>Am&s;terdam</HI> and &s;ome other Towns of <HI>Holland,</HI> have in the commerce with <HI>Sueden,</HI> requiring more ex|act informations as to every particular dif|ficulty; it was rea&s;onably hoped, that that affair would be more ea&s;ily determined at the <HI>Hague</HI> than at <HI>Nimueguen.</HI></P>
<P>They had many conferences upon that &s;ubject. The States demanded a diminuti|on of the impo&s;itions that <HI>Sueden</HI> had laid upon bulky commodities, e&s;pecially &s;ince the Treaty that <HI>Sueden</HI> made with the States in 1640. The&s;e commodities are &s;uch as are of a great bulk and &s;mall price, as Stone and Marble, Hemp, Wax, Pitch, Tar, Pot|a&s;hes, Corn and Timber. But the States wa|ved the three fir&s;t &s;ort of bulky Commo|dities; and the Amba&s;&s;ador of <HI>Sueden</HI> after
<PB N="275" REF="143">much repugnancy in two conferences &s;uc|ce&s;&s;ively, con&s;ented at length that the four other &s;orts of bulky commodities &s;hould be regulated according to the Rates of 1659. which neverthel&s;s are but little low|er than tho&s;e whereof the States complain|ed.</P>
<P>It was al&s;o agreed upon, That all duties and cu&s;toms unequally impo&s;ed, which tend|ed to the le&s;&s;ening of the mutual freedom of Trade, and which have been introduced in <HI>Sueden</HI> &s;ince the year 1656. &s;hould be di&s;charged for the future; and that the &s;ub|jects on both &s;ides &s;hould pay no other du|ties but tho&s;e that the native &s;ubjects do pay. Neverthele&s;s that equality was not to be ob&s;erved in the Kingdom of <HI>Sueden</HI> and <HI>Finland;</HI> that is to &s;ay, that that clau&s;e of the Treaty &s;hould only reach <HI>Riga</HI> in <HI>Livonia, Ingria, Pomerania,</HI> and the other Dominions of <HI>Sueden</HI> upon the <HI>Baltick</HI>-&s;ea; the Provinces of <HI>I&s;chonen, Bleking,</HI> and <HI>Hol|land,</HI> being reckoned as parts of the ancient Kingdom of <HI>Sueden,</HI> though they be not &s;pecified in the Treaty.</P>
<P>The free and half-free Ships of <HI>Sueden,</HI> gave occa&s;ion to another difficulty: The free Ships are ve&s;&s;els built for War, carry|ing from 24. to 30. piece of Cannon, and are obliged to &s;erve in the Kings Fleet in
<PB N="276" REF="144">time of War; and therefore the King hath priviledged them in trading in re&s;pect of duties and cu&s;toms, that the benefit which they thereby enjoy, may recompence their &s;ervice, and &s;upply the charges of rigging and fitting of them out, from which Mer|chants &s;hips are exempted. By means whereof the King of <HI>Sueden</HI> hath always men trained to the Sea, and a Squadron of about thirty Ships.</P>
<P>The half-free Ships are Ve&s;&s;els of about One hundred Tuns burden; their privi|ledges and number are &s;o &s;mall, that they cannot be very prejudicial to the <HI>Dutch</HI> Trade. Neverthele&s;s the <HI>Dutch</HI> found, that all the&s;e priviledged Ve&s;&s;els might car|ry away the greate&s;t part of the Trade of the <HI>Baltick;</HI> and therefore the States in|&s;i&s;ted vigorou&s;ly upon the abrogation of all tho&s;e priviledges, as contrary to the equa|lity of advantage which the &s;ubjects of both Nations were to enjoy: But in that debate the &s;ame mean was taken which &s;erved to remove the former difficulty; and it was agreed upon, that the&s;e Ve&s;&s;els &s;hould only enjoy their exemptions in the Territories of the Kingdom of <HI>Sueden</HI> and <HI>Finland;</HI> and that in the other Provinces on the <HI>Baltick</HI>-&s;ea, depending on the Crown of <HI>Sueden,</HI> there &s;hould be no di&s;tinction
<PB N="277" REF="144">between <HI>Suedi&s;h</HI> Ships and <HI>Dutch.</HI></P>
<P>It could not be believed after this, that any new difficulty could retard the conclu|&s;ion of the Treaty of Commerce, whereof the Negotiation had la&s;ted above a year: Neverthele&s;s there happened one which put a full &s;top to the affair. The Amba&s;&s;adors of the <HI>States-General</HI> had put in the 7th Article of their project, <HI>That the &s;ubjects on either &s;ide &s;hould be u&s;ed as the Nation in greate&s;t friend&s;hip,</HI> ut quaeque gens amici&s;|&s;ima.</P>
<P>The <HI>Suedes</HI> took occa&s;ion from this, to demand a freedom from the duties which the <HI>Dutch</HI> had impo&s;ed upon the <HI>Suedi&s;h</HI> commodities that pa&s;s the <HI>Sound;</HI> and the rather, becau&s;e that impo&s;ition was never laid on till the <HI>Suedes</HI> had obtained from the <HI>Danes,</HI> by Treaties concluded to their advantage, and exemption from part of the duties that are exacted in the <HI>Sound.</HI> The truth is, that the States to hinder that ex|emption from being prejudicial to the trade of their &s;ubjects who enjoy not the &s;ame priviledg, &s;etled then in their Countrey upon tho&s;e that had the priviledg of the <HI>Sound,</HI> and Impo&s;ition almo&s;t equivalent to that Exemption.</P>
<P>The <HI>Dutch</HI> &s;aid, That the equality which ought to be ob&s;erved in the Trade of the
<PB N="278" REF="145">two Nations, was not hurt by that kind of compen&s;ation; and alledged that it was &s;o little contrary to it, that in all the Treaties which had been concluded in the long time &s;ince the&s;e duties were impo&s;ed, the abro|gation of them was never thought upon when other Treaties was made.</P>
<P>The <HI>Suedes</HI> however, who would not lo&s;e to the profit of the <HI>Dutch,</HI> what they obtained to the prejudice of <HI>Denmark,</HI> &s;tood firmly to that point; &s;o that the con|ferences at the <HI>Hague</HI> were broken up, and the Count <HI>D' Avaux</HI> could not promi&s;e him&s;elf to renew them again on that &s;ub|ject with the &s;ame &s;ucce&s;s that they had had in the other difficulties; in&s;omuch that M. <HI>Oliver Krants</HI> came back to <HI>Nimueguen</HI> (<HI>Aug.</HI> 1679.) where the A&s;&s;embly being &s;hortly after wholly di&s;&s;olved, the conclu|&s;ion of the&s;e Treaties could no longer be prolonged, which yet were not &s;igned un|til the &s;econd of <HI>October;</HI> the annulling of the Impo&s;ts laid on in <HI>Holland,</HI> and the reduction of tho&s;e of <HI>Sueden</HI> to the &s;tandard of the Treaty of 1640. remain|ing undecided and referred to other con|ferences which were to be held at the <HI>Hague</HI> for adju&s;ting the&s;e affairs within eighteen Months after the &s;igning of the Treaty.</P>
<PB N="279" REF="145">
<P>In the mean time M. <HI>de Mayerkroon,</HI> who had been for &s;ome time at the <HI>French</HI> Court, perceiving that the conferences in <HI>Schonen</HI> did not advance the Negotiation of the peace betwixt <HI>Sueden</HI> and <HI>Denmark,</HI> began to &s;eem more inclined to conclude the Treaty of the King his Ma&s;ter, tho' he had no cau&s;e to expect more advanta|geous conditions than tho&s;e he had at fir&s;t. On the contrary, experience and example made appear, that it could not but be pre|judicial to the King of <HI>Denmark,</HI> to be the la&s;t in making his peace.</P>
<P>The <HI>French</HI> King on his part, de&s;iring nothing more than to corre&s;pond with that good di&s;po&s;ition, and to render the peace general by the conclu&s;ion of that of <HI>Den|mark,</HI> gave for that end, on the 24th of <HI>Augu&s;t,</HI> a full power to M. <HI>de Pompone,</HI> and by that means within a few days the Trea|ty was concluded betwixt his Maje&s;ty and the Kings of <HI>Sueden</HI> and <HI>Denmark,</HI> and was &s;igned at St. <HI>Germans</HI> the &s;econd of <HI>Sep|tember,</HI> on the &s;ame conditions that the King had always propo&s;ed for the full &s;atis|faction of his Ally.</P>
<P>It is known that his Maje&s;ty declared from the beginning, That he could not make peace with the King of <HI>Denmark,</HI> but upon condition of a full re&s;titu ion
<PB N="280" REF="146">to <HI>Sueden.</HI> The delays and difficulties that were made thereupon, moved not his Ma|je&s;ty to abate any thing of the Treaties of <HI>Ro&s;child, Copenhaghen,</HI> and <HI>We&s;tphalia;</HI> and the&s;e Treaties were the ground-work of the peace of <HI>Denmark;</HI> in the fourth Article whereof his <HI>Dani&s;h</HI> Maje&s;ty declared, That in con&s;ideration of his mo&s;t Chri&s;tian Ma|je&s;ty, he con&s;ented that the Crown of <HI>Sue|den</HI> be re&s;tored to all that it po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ed be|fore the War; and to all the Territories, States, Provinces, Towns, and places that have been yielded up and acquired by tho&s;e three Treaties, and by con&s;equent to all that the <HI>Dani&s;h</HI> Arms had po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ed du|ring that War.</P>
<P>As to the differences that heretofore happened betwixt the &s;ubjects of the two Nations by rea&s;on of the priviledges and ex|emptions which the <HI>Suedes,</HI> as I &s;aid, enjoy from a part of the duties that the King of <HI>Denmark</HI> rai&s;es in the <HI>Sound</HI> and in the <HI>Belt,</HI> the mo&s;t Chri&s;tian King being uncertain whether or not the intention of the King of <HI>Sueden</HI> was that his &s;ubjects &s;hould any ways make u&s;e of their priviledges to the prejudice of the revenue of the K. of <HI>Denmark,</HI> thought fit &s;o to order affairs by that Treaty, that Commi&s;&s;ioners named by each party, &s;hould meet three months after the exchange of the
<PB N="281" REF="146">Ratifications, and by the mediation of a Mi|ni&s;ter appointed by his Maje&s;ty, adju&s;t all the&s;e differences in an amicable way.</P>
<P>The Re&s;tauration of the Duke of <HI>Sle&s;|wick Hol&s;tein-Gottorp</HI> having been one of the conditions on which the <HI>French</HI> King con&s;ented to this Peace; it was likewi&s;e one of the greate&s;t difficulties that happen|ed in the carrying on of the Treaty. That Prince was &s;tript of all by the King of <HI>Denmark,</HI> only for being an Ally to the King of <HI>Sueden;</HI> and therefore ought to be re&s;tored to all again: To which, the King of <HI>Denmark,</HI> as an evidence of the de&s;ire he had to put an end to the War with all expedition, con&s;ented at the de&s;ire and re|qui&s;ition of the <HI>French</HI> King; granting that the Duke of <HI>Sle&s;wick Hol&s;tein-Gottorp,</HI> &s;hould enjoy his Territories, Provinces, Towns and Places, in the &s;ame &s;tate as they were in at the &s;igning of the Treaty, with all the Soveraignty that belonged to him by virtue of the Treaties of <HI>Ro&s;child, Copen|hagen</HI> and <HI>We&s;tphalia.</HI> That Prince could hardly pretend to more, unle&s;s it were the damage that his Territories had &s;uffered during the War, by the va&s;t &s;ums of Money that the King of <HI>Denmark</HI> had rai&s;ed there|in, as being one of the be&s;t Countries of all the North.</P>
<PB N="282" REF="147">
<P>The Elector of <HI>Brandenbourg,</HI> the Prin|ces of the Hou&s;e of <HI>Brun&s;wick,</HI> and the Bi|&s;hop of <HI>Mun&s;ter,</HI> who made their &s;eparate Treaties, after that the Peace was conclu|ded betwixt <HI>France</HI> and <HI>Holland,</HI> received profitable te&s;timonies of the de&s;ire that the <HI>French</HI> King had of giving repo&s;e to <HI>Eu|rope;</HI> for his Maje&s;ty was willing to ea&s;e them of part of the charges of the War, by giving them large &s;ums of Money, in con&s;ideration of their good inclinations towards the Peace, and particularly in fa|vour to the King of <HI>Sueden,</HI> who has not been wanting on his part, to give con&s;ider|able advantages to all the&s;e Princes: But the King of <HI>Denmark</HI> is the only Prince who has not only re&s;erved none of his Conque&s;ts; but likewi&s;e the &s;ole enemy of <HI>Sueden,</HI> to whom <HI>France</HI> hath allowed no con&s;ideration for his charges. Seeing the King of <HI>Denmark</HI> was at that time in a condition to demand Rea&s;on of the State of <HI>Hambourg,</HI> in relation to &s;everal preten&s;i|ons that he has upon that City, and parti|cularly concerning the Homage that he claims from it; he drew all his Forces a|bout that Town immediately after the con|clu&s;ion of the Peace with <HI>Sueden.</HI> The truth is, his <HI>Dani&s;h</HI> Maje&s;ty had not not an Army &s;trong enough to force &s;uch a City as <HI>Ham|bourg,</HI>
<PB N="283" REF="147">and the more, becau&s;e the Neigh|bouring Princes concerned them&s;elves in its pre&s;ervation: But the King of <HI>Denmark</HI> coming at fir&s;t as near to it as he plea&s;ed, by rea&s;on of the neighborhood of <HI>Altena,</HI> rai|&s;ed Batteries for his Artillery and Bombes, with which he might ea&s;ily have incommo|ded the Town.</P>
<P><HI>October</HI> 1679, In this In&s;tant the mo&s;t Chri&s;tian King wrote to the King of <HI>Den|mark,</HI> intreating him not to di&s;turb the repo&s;e that the general Peace had given to all <HI>Europe</HI> almo&s;t: and the Princes of the Hou&s;e of <HI>Brun&s;wick,</HI> who had already &s;ent Forces into <HI>Hambourg</HI> to provide for its de|fence, interpo&s;ed vigorou&s;ly for that ac|commodation, which was provi&s;ionally concluded the fir&s;t of <HI>November;</HI> the Rights of the King of <HI>Denmark</HI> and of the City of <HI>Hambourg</HI> remaining as they were, until that the point of Homage and the other differences which depended betwixt his <HI>Dani&s;h</HI> Maje&s;ty and that Town, &s;hould in an amicable way be decided by cour&s;e of Law.</P>
<P><HI>November</HI> 1679, The chief condition of that agreement, was an obligation by the Town of <HI>Hambourg,</HI> to pay, at Five Terms, to his <HI>Dani&s;h</HI> Maje&s;ty, the &s;um of Two hundred and twenty thou&s;and Crowns; in
<PB N="284" REF="148">con&s;ideration whereof, that King remitted the indignation he had conceived again&s;t that Town, renounc'd the preten&s;ions that he had to the Lands jointly po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ed by <HI>Ham|bourg</HI> and <HI>Lubeck;</HI> and promi&s;ed to re&s;tore the Ships, Goods, Commodities and Inha|bitants of <HI>Hambourg,</HI> which had been &s;ei&s;ed by rea&s;on of the&s;e preten&s;ions.</P>
<P>Thus ended that great War, wherein al|mo&s;t all the Princes of <HI>Europe</HI> were engaged from the year 1672. But it was not enough for the good and repo&s;e of <HI>Europe,</HI> that the general peace put an end to all the cala|mities of the War; the&s;e mournful Scenes of &s;o bloody a Tragedy required at length &s;ome plea&s;ing Cata&s;trophy, which might &s;weeten the memory of pa&s;t mi&s;eries, and fill the people with more agreeable hopes. Nothing was more proper to produce &s;uch an effect than the Marriage of the chief Princes who had had a &s;hare in the War, &s;eeing the&s;e new Alliances were &s;acred ties to render the Peace indi&s;&s;olvable.</P>
<P>No &s;ooner had the King of <HI>Spain</HI> ratified the Peace with <HI>France,</HI> but that he thought upon confirming it by a new Alliance with the <HI>French</HI> King; &s;o that though the Court of <HI>Spain</HI> were far engaged with the Emper|or for the Marriage of the Imperial Prin|ce&s;s with his Catholick Maje&s;ty, yet it hin|dered
<PB N="285" REF="148">not that Prince from converting all his thoughts towards <HI>France.</HI> The Picture of Madamoi&s;elle <HI>de Valois,</HI> and the Royal qualities of that Prince&s;s, made him re&s;olve the la&s;t Spring to cau&s;e the Marque&s;s <HI>de los Balba&s;es</HI> to go from <HI>Nimueguen</HI> to the <HI>French</HI> Court, in quallity of Amba&s;&s;ador extraor|dinary, to demand her in Marriage.</P>
<P>That Mini&s;ter went &s;uddenly into <HI>France,</HI> and in a private Audience which he had of the King about the beginning of <HI>May,</HI> he demanded of his Maje&s;ty Madamoi&s;elle in Marriage for the King his Ma&s;ter; but his Maje&s;ty gave no an&s;wer to the Amba&s;&s;ador concerning an affair of that importance until the beginning of <HI>July,</HI> at which time he declared that he granted Madamoi&s;elle to the King of <HI>Spain.</HI> That Kingdom being mindful that <HI>France</HI> had always given them good Queens, the people were extreamly overjoyed at the news; but the young Monarch e&s;pecially, who was deeply &s;mit|ten with the merit of that Prince&s;s.</P>
<P>The Ceremony of the Marriage was per|formed at <HI>Fontain-bleau</HI> the la&s;t day of <HI>Au|gu&s;t,</HI> with all the magnificence that could be expected from the <HI>French</HI> Court. The Procuration which the King of <HI>Spain</HI> &s;ent blank, to be filled up with the name of him whom the King &s;hould think fit to nomi|nate
<PB N="286" REF="149">for e&s;pou&s;ing the Queen, was given to the Prince of <HI>Conty,</HI> who gave his Hand to that Prince&s;s in the name of his Catholick Maje&s;ty; and the Queen &s;ometime after took her Journey for <HI>Spain,</HI> not without &s;hedding of Tears, which te&s;tified that the regret of leaving <HI>France</HI> was more &s;en&s;ible to her, than the joy of po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ing a Crown.</P>
<P>The Heroick qualities both of body and mind which met in the per&s;on of the Prince of <HI>Conty,</HI> gained &s;o much of the e&s;teem and affection of his Maje&s;ty, that he thought it not enough to give him a very &s;pecial mark of it, by making choice of him to e&s;pou&s;e the Queen of <HI>Spain;</HI> but &s;hortly after gave him more &s;en&s;ible te&s;timonies of the &s;ame, by be&s;towing upon him in Mar|riage Madamoi&s;elle <HI>de Blois,</HI> whom his Ma|je&s;ty tenderly loves. That Marriage was celebrated with &s;o much &s;plendour, and with &s;o univer&s;al approbation, that the Court never appeared more magnificent, nor better &s;atisfied than upon that occa&s;ion.</P>
<P>The Marriage of the King of <HI>Sueden</HI> with the Prince&s;s <HI>&V;lrica</HI> of <HI>Denmark,</HI> was a|greed upon, before the rupture betwixt <HI>Sueden</HI> and <HI>Denmark</HI> by this la&s;t War: yea, even from that time, &s;tately Coaches, and &s;ome things that were nece&s;&s;ary for the Pomp of that Marriage, were providing in
<PB N="287" REF="149"><HI>France;</HI> &s;o that after the Peace was con|cluded betwixt tho&s;e Two Kings, it was not hard to make up that new Marriage: But &s;eeing tho&s;e Princes had &s;till a great deal to do to regulate affairs within and without their Kingdoms, and e&s;pecially the King of <HI>Sueden,</HI> who was to retake po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ion of &s;everal Provinces, and to give orders for &s;etling them again in the condition that they were in before the War; the con&s;um|mation of that Marriage was delayed until the Spring: In the mean time part of the Equipage for that Ceremony was preparing at <HI>Hambourg;</HI> and Clothes and other things which were ordered to be made in <HI>France,</HI> were expected from thence.</P>
<P><HI>December</HI> 1679, The <HI>French</HI> Court al&s;o laid a&s;ide all thoughts of War, Fea&s;ting and Diverti&s;ements were the dayly employ|ment there; and the Marriage of the Queen of <HI>Spain</HI> was hardly over, when the King thought on that of the Dauphin. Men ca&s;t their eyes on all the Prince&s;&s;es of <HI>Europe,</HI> being curious to know for whom that great fortune was de&s;tin'd by Heaven; but his Maje&s;ty pitched upon the Prince&s;s <HI>Anne Marie Chri&s;tian</HI> of <HI>Bavaria,</HI> for whom al&s;o the Dauphin &s;eemed to have greate&s;t incli|nation. M. <HI>Colbert,</HI> who was ju&s;t returned from <HI>Nimueguen,</HI> was &s;ent into <HI>Bavaria</HI> to
<PB N="288" REF="150">treat about the Marriage, where he con|cluded all the Articles, and &s;igned the con|tract thereof the 30th of <HI>December,</HI> Af|terward the King &s;ent the Duke of <HI>Crequi</HI> into <HI>Bavaria</HI> with pre&s;ents for the Prince&s;s, who being accompanied by Forty Gentle|men, performed the journey by Po&s;t.</P>
<P>The Court at that time prepared for the Journey which the King de&s;igned in <HI>Febru|ary,</HI> to go meet the Dauphine&s;s as far as <HI>Tholous,</HI> where the ceremonies and confir|mation of the Marriage were to be per|formed; the Duke of <HI>Bavaria</HI> having e|&s;pou&s;ed the Dauphine&s;s in name of the Dauphin at <HI>Munichen.</HI> The King in the mean time acquainted all neighbouring Princes with that Marriage, by Letters which he wrote to them, wherein it ap|pears that the piety and great vertues wherewith that Prince&s;s is endowed, have given his Maje&s;ty ju&s;t cau&s;e to hope, that that alliance will produce to <HI>France,</HI> Prin|ces that &s;hall worthily an&s;wer the greatne&s;s of &s;o Augu&s;t a Birth.</P>
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