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<PB REF="1" MS="y">
<P>A MEMORIAL Delivered to His MAJESTY (July 21/31 1664.) From the Lord <HI>VAN-GOHG,</HI> Amba&s;&s;ador from the STATES GENERAL of the UNITED PROVINCES.</P>
<P>Tran&s;lated into Engli&s;h.</P>
<P>With the ANSWER Which His Sacred MAJESTY returned thereunto.</P>
<P><HI>Edinburgh,</HI> Re-printed in the year&punc; 1664</P>
</DIV1>
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<BODY>
<DIV1 TYPE="memorial">
<PB REF="2">
<PB N="3" REF="2">
<HEAD>THE MEMORIAL OF THE DUTCH AMBASSADOR TO HIS MAJESTY.</HEAD>
<OPENER><SALUTE>SIR,</SALUTE></OPENER>
<P>_THe under-written Amba&s;&s;ador of the States General of the United <HI>Netherlands,</HI> Your good Friends and Allies, having had the honour of &s;everal Audiences with Your <HI>Maje&s;ty,</HI> and therein made known to You &s;uch Orders as he hath from time to time received from his Ma&s;ters, upon occa&s;ion of, and concerning divers Affairs, and e&s;pecially the&s;e following: To wit,</P>
<P>Seing it is under&s;tood and perceived, that Ve&s;&s;els of War are fitting and preparing on both &s;ides, which if they go forth to Sea and meet there together, might by &s;ome mi&s;|under&s;tanding, fall foul upon one another; Your <HI>Maje&s;ty</HI>
<PB N="4" REF="3">would therefore be plea&s;ed to keep back Your Fleet, and <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="UOM" EXTENT="1 word"> &s;uffer it to go to Sea; as their Lord&s;hips offer on their p<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="UOM" EXTENT="3 letters"> to do; the whole intent and de&s;ign tending only to th<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="UOM" EXTENT="1 letter"> &s;afety of both parties, and the prevention of the fore&s;ai<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="UOM" EXTENT="1 letter"> &s;ini&s;ter encounters.</P>
<P>Moreover, whereas their Lord&s;hips have been informed that Captain <HI>Holmes,</HI> with the Ve&s;&s;els under his command hath now again (as heretofore) done very great and enor|mous injuries to the Netherlandi&s;h Company of the <HI>We&s;<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="UOM" EXTENT="1 letter"> Indies,</HI> by taking divers of their Ve&s;&s;els upon the Coa&s;t o<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="UOM" EXTENT="1 letter"> <HI>Africk,</HI> as al&s;o by making him&s;elf Ma&s;ter of &s;ome Place<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="UOM" EXTENT="1 letter"> and Forts belonging unto them, and namely among&s;t othe<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="UOM" EXTENT="2 letters"> of <HI>Capo Verde,</HI> &amp;c. which is directly contrary, not onl<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="UOM" EXTENT="1 letter"> to the Treaty la&s;t concluded between Your <HI>Maje&s;ty</HI> and th<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="UOM" EXTENT="1 letter"> States of the United Provinces, but al&s;o to mutual amit<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="UOM" EXTENT="1 letter"> and good neighbourhood: The &s;aid Amba&s;&s;ador did there|fore, in the name of his Superiors, demand re&s;titution o<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="UOM" EXTENT="1 letter"> the &s;ame, and that reparation might be made of the damage<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="UOM" EXTENT="1 letter"> and intere&s;ts which the &s;aid Company and other Subject<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="UOM" EXTENT="1 letter"> of their Lord&s;hips who were concerned, have &s;uffered there|by; as al&s;o, that the like proceedings and violences might be prevented for the future by an expre&s;s Order.</P>
<P>In the third place, that their Lord&s;hips, being from day to day confirmed by certain Intelligence coming from that Coa&s;t, that the fore&s;aid action of Captain <HI>Holmes</HI> had not only been effected in the manner above-&s;pecified, but al&s;o that he was intended to carry on his de&s;ign further, by making incur&s;ions and &s;ei&s;ing upon all the Coa&s;t, and that for his better &s;ucce&s;s therein, he expected a notable &s;upply of Ships from <HI>England,</HI> as the whole matter may be proved by the te&s;timony and depo&s;itions of credible per|&s;ons
<PB N="5" REF="3">newly come from thence: Which actions being with|out right, rea&s;on and equity, and which con&s;equently can|not be endured, nor looked upon with a good eye, Your <HI>Ma|je&s;ty</HI> was entreated that it might be Your good Plea&s;ure to command as well the &s;aid Captain <HI>Holmes,</HI> as others who were in that engagement, or are held to have been employ|ed therein, not only to re&s;tore the fore&s;aid Forts and Ve&s;|&s;els &s;o taken, and to repair the damages thereby &s;uffered (as rea&s;on requires) but al&s;o that the Ships which by report are now ready to &s;et Sail, or which may be fitting for that end, may, by Your <HI>Maje&s;ties</HI> expre&s;s Command, be prohi|bited and charged not to do or cau&s;e any other injury or damage to the &s;aid Company; or to any other the Subjects of the United Provinces.</P>
<P>Fourthly, Fora&s;much as the poor and afflicted reformed Churches in the vallies of <HI>Piedmont</HI> have repre&s;ented, that after the agreement made with his Royal Highne&s;s the Duke of <HI>Savoy</HI> &s;ome while &s;ince, they are again overwhelmed and ruined by exactions and charges required of them to defray the expen&s;es of the Army which the &s;aid Duke had commanded again&s;t them, which charges amounted to &s;o high a &s;um, that it was impo&s;sible for them to make it up, for the rea&s;ons more at large alledged in their Remon|&s;trance; Therefore they have de&s;ired the interce&s;sion of the States General with Your <HI>Maje&s;ty,</HI> that Your Amba&s;|&s;ador in the Court of <HI>France</HI> may have order to procure from his mo&s;t Chri&s;tian Maje&s;ty (as being Mediator be|tween his &s;aid Royal Highne&s;s and them) as much favour and comfort to tho&s;e poor afflicted Churches as can po&s;sibly by any means be obtained.</P>
<P>And finally, con&s;idering that the Ve&s;&s;els coming from the United Provinces into the Rivers, Streams and Roads
<PB N="6" REF="4">of this Kingdom, are &s;topped there under pretence that there be Per&s;ons and Commodities on board which come from places infected with the Plague, or at lea&s;t &s;u&s;pected to be &s;o, by which means the freedom of Trade and Pa&s;&s;age is ob&s;tructed and di&s;turbed, to the great prejudice of the inhabitants of both Nations: The &s;aid Amba&s;&s;ador there|fore in&s;i&s;ted thereupon, that the &s;ame might be remedied, or at lea&s;t that the &s;trictne&s;s of tho&s;e Orders might be miti|gated in &s;uch mea&s;ure as in rea&s;on &s;hall be found conveni|ent; And that the rather, becau&s;e, by the mercy of God, all the Provinces in general are not infected with the Contagion.</P>
<P>To all that is above&s;aid, Your <HI>Maje&s;ty</HI> hath been plea&s;ed to an&s;wer in effect; to wit, upon the fir&s;t point, touching keeping of the Fleet from going to Sea, That the numbers which were fitted and prepared on Your <HI>Maje&s;ties</HI> &s;ide being no way extraordinary, but only for common and cu&s;tomary u&s;e, and without de&s;ign of bringing any damage or incon|venience upon the inhabitants of the United Provinces, the &s;aid Ve&s;&s;els could not be kept from going to Sea, be|cau&s;e Your <HI>Maje&s;ties</HI> Honour was engaged therein; Never|thele&s;s, that You would give &s;uch Orders to the Chief Com|mander of Your &s;aid Fleet, that their Lord&s;hips &s;hall have no cau&s;e to apprehend any &s;ini&s;ter encounters from it.</P>
<P>As to the &s;econd, touching the action of Captain <HI>Holmes;</HI> Your <HI>Maje&s;ty</HI> thought good to an&s;wer thereunto, That You had received no information of it, and that having given no Order for his &s;o doing, You would cau&s;e reparati|on to be made, if the matter proved to be true, and that the &s;aid Captain <HI>Holmes</HI> &s;hould be puni&s;hed according as the ca&s;e &s;hould require: Neverthele&s;s adding thereunto afterwards at another Audience, that the <HI>We&s;t-India</HI>
<PB N="7" REF="4">Company had likewi&s;e done much damage to Your <HI>Maje&s;ties</HI> Subjects upon the &s;aid Coa&s;t, pretending to be Ma&s;ters thereof to them&s;elves alone; which thing ought to be con|&s;idered al&s;o in its proper &s;ea&s;on, judging it unrea&s;onable and unju&s;t that the Trade of the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> upon that Coa&s;t &s;hould continually be di&s;turbed and hindred.</P>
<P>And as to the third, Your <HI>Maje&s;ty</HI> was plea&s;ed to &s;ay as before, That You had received no information of <HI>Holmes</HI> his actions in tho&s;e parts; and for &s;o much as concerned the Ships which are ready to &s;et Sail towards the Coa&s;t of <HI>Africk,</HI> that they were not in a condition to make any attempt there, being only Merchant-men, unto which there was added but one Man of War for their Convoy.</P>
<P>For what regards the poor <HI>Piemontoies,</HI> That You were &s;en&s;ibly touched with the mi&s;erable condition of tho&s;e Churches and People, and for that rea&s;on Your <HI>Maje&s;ty</HI> had already given Order to Your Amba&s;&s;ador in <HI>France</HI> to con|tribute unto their relief and comfort in Your Name; But for|a&s;much as at pre&s;ent there occur &s;ome new difficulties con|cerning the &s;aid Churches, Your <HI>Maje&s;ty</HI> would advi&s;e more particularly thereupon.</P>
<P>And la&s;tly, concerning the Merchants Ships which come from the United Provinces into this Kingdom, and are &s;topped without permi&s;sion to Land any where, becau&s;e they are &s;u&s;pected to come from &s;ome place infected with the &s;ickne&s;s, there being no di&s;tinction made between Pro|vinces and Cities really afflicted with the &s;aid Conta|gion, and tho&s;e which are not &s;o at all; That Your <HI>Maje|&s;ty</HI> having an extraordinary apprehen&s;ion of that di&s;ea&s;e, had great rea&s;on to u&s;e all po&s;sible precaution again&s;t it;
<PB N="8" REF="5">Notwith&s;tanding, that the bu&s;ine&s;s &s;hould al&s;o be thought upon more fully.</P>
<P>All which points above&s;aid having been repeated by the &s;aid Amba&s;&s;ador at his la&s;t Audience, and in&s;tance there|upon made, that according to their Lord&s;hips de&s;ires Your <HI>Maje&s;ty</HI> would be plea&s;ed to explain Your Self in Writing, to put the minds of his Superiors out of perplexity and di&s;|quiet; and Your <HI>Maje&s;ty</HI> having to that purpo&s;e de&s;ired, that all &s;hould be compri&s;ed in a <HI>Memorial</HI> for an An&s;wer to be given thereunto in Writing: The &s;aid <HI>Memorial</HI> (May it plea&s;e Your <HI>Maje&s;ty</HI>) is here mo&s;t humbly pre|&s;ented, with like prayer, that &s;uch Order may be taken therein, as that by a favourable an&s;wer (which the &s;aid Amba&s;&s;ador expects from Your <HI>Maje&s;ty</HI>) he may be enabled to give his Ma&s;ters content.</P>
<CLOSER><SIGNED>M. Van-Gogh.</SIGNED>
<DATELINE>From <HI>Chel&s;ey,</HI> <DATE><HI>July</HI> 21/31 1664.</DATE></DATELINE></CLOSER>
</DIV1>
<DIV1 TYPE="answer to memorial">
<PB N="9" REF="5">
<HEAD>HIS <HI>MAJESTIES</HI> ANSWER To the fore-going MEMORIAL.</HEAD>
<P>_THe Amba&s;&s;ador of the United Provinces having &s;o particular|ly &s;et down the An&s;wers he re|ceived from Us in his &s;everal Audiences to his particular de|mands; albeit We think he may well acquie&s;ce with the &s;ame, yet &s;ince he hath thought fit by his Memorial, to de&s;ire an An&s;wer in writing, We are very well plea&s;ed to &s;atisfie him herein, that the States General may &s;ee the &s;incerity of Our proceedings towards them.</P>
<P>Concerning the preparations and provi&s;ion of Ve&s;|&s;els of War, it is notoriou&s;ly known; that in the be|ginning of this year We gave order for the providing a le&s;s guard of Ships for the Summer, then hath been &s;et out any year &s;ince our happy Re&s;toration for that &s;ea&s;on, believing Our Self to be in &s;o good Intelligence with all Our Neighbours&punc; that We might well <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="UOM" EXTENT="1 span">
<PB N="10" REF="6">charge; when Our Parliament, upon the cry of the whole Nation, with &s;ome earne&s;tne&s;s pre&s;&s;ed Us to take an extraordinary way to repair Our people, for the many and daily injuries they &s;u&s;tained from the Subjects of the United Provinces by depredations at Sea, in other places as well as in the <HI>Ea&s;t-Indies,</HI> in which there were &s;ome circum&s;tances of that pre&s;umption, in declaring their Dominion and inhibiting of Commerce again&s;t the Law of Nations, as all Princes are equally concerned therein with Us; We made no other an&s;wer to Our Parliament, then that We made no doubt but that Our good Allies, the States of the United Provinces, to whom in truth the injuries &s;u&s;tained could not rea&s;o|nably (We thought) be imputed, would cau&s;e ju&s;tice to be done; in order to which, We would appoint Our Mini&s;ter re&s;iding there to make a repre&s;entation and complaint. For which temper and moderation (when it may be, another re&s;olution, con&s;idering the nature of the provocations, would have been more agreeable to the de&s;ires of Our Parliament) We expected the thanks of Our good Neighbours, when on the contrary they no &s;ooner received advice of this An&s;wer returned by Us, then in a very extraordinary manner they gave direction for the pre&s;ent &s;etting out of a very great num|ber of Ships of War, without any other vi&s;ible cau&s;e then to manife&s;t to the world how much they defied Us and Our Parliament. Upon all which, as We &s;hould have been thought to have had very little fore|&s;ight for our Honour or Intere&s;t, if We had not pre|pared a con&s;iderable Fleet for Our defence, (the charge and expence whereof We would have been very glad to have prevented) &s;o the &s;ame being prepared, it will be thought a very &s;trange propo&s;ition&punc; that it be <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="UOM" EXTENT="1 word">
<PB N="11" REF="6">kept within the Ports; and it will be found by their demeanour, that their In&s;tructions are not to do any in|jury to Our Neighbours and Friends, but to defend Our Self, Our Dominions and Our Subjects from receiving injuries from Our enemies. Nor in truth can we believe or imagine, that the United Provinces (from whom We have de&s;erved well, and with whom We are ready to maintain a fa&s;t friend&s;hip, to which many other con|&s;iderations, be&s;ides that great one of the Prote&s;tant Religion, &s;hould di&s;po&s;e both of Us) will deny to do Us ju&s;tice upon Our rea&s;onable demands, or that they will ever &s;acrifice the Peace of their Country for the &s;upport of the mi&s;carriages of particular per&s;ons, or a particular Company, who We find by experience more con&s;iders their own profit and intere&s;t, then the honour or &s;afety of the Government under which they live; which the States General will well weigh and con&s;ider.</P>
<P>As We did with great frankne&s;s, and as an everla&s;t|ing manife&s;tation of Our affection and kindne&s;s, con|clude the late Treaty with the United Provinces, by which many very memorable di&s;courte&s;ies and injuries to Our Self and Our people, and particularly that of <HI>Amboyna,</HI> were put in oblivion; So We have mo&s;t ex|actly ob&s;erved every Article on Our part, and have no &s;ooner been moved in any particular, in which the Sub|jects of the United Provinces have been grieved, then We have given order for their redre&s;s, in the mo&s;t ex|pedite way, without putting them to tho&s;e formalities which are u&s;ual in Courts of Ju&s;tice: whereas We are very &s;ory to &s;ay, that upon all the complaints made at the <HI>Hague</HI> by Our Mini&s;ter, in which the matter of Fact hath been mo&s;t notorious and convincing, and the Right
<PB N="12" REF="7">mo&s;t apparent, redre&s;s hath not been given to any one and &s;uch delayes u&s;ed in all, as are upon the matter, and in the con&s;equence of it, a plain denial of Ju&s;tice, which brings every day great complaints to Us from Our Sub|jects of all parts: Notwith&s;tanding all which, We have not to this day granted one Letter of Mart upon the Subjects of the United Provinces.</P>
<P>Concerning Captain <HI>Holmes,</HI> We have with great &s;incerity a&s;&s;ured the Amba&s;&s;ador, that he had no Com|mi&s;&s;ion to take <HI>Capo Verde,</HI> nor any other place belong|ing to the Dutch, or to do any Act of Ho&s;tility upon any of the Subjects of the United Provinces, that was not for the defence of Our Subjects and their Trade in|to tho&s;e parts: And we cannot but expect, that this Our free Declaration &s;hould find more credit with Our Allies, then any informations or examinations of Ma|riners and Sea-men, who &s;eldom know what they in|form. We expect the &s;aid Captain <HI>Holmes</HI> his arrival here every day, and will then, upon due enquiry into all that he hath done, determine what is ju&s;t. The Ships at pre&s;ent de&s;igned for tho&s;e parts are Ships of Trade, and have neither power nor will to wrong the Subjects of the United Provinces. But we are very heartily &s;or|ry to hear, not from general rumour, or the loo&s;e di&s;cour|&s;es of hear-&s;ayes, but from the pregnant evidence and full information of Our Governour of Our Fort of <HI>Cor|mantine,</HI> That about the end of <HI>January</HI> la&s;t, the Commanders of the Ships belonging to the Dutch <HI>We&s;t-India</HI> Company, after many a&s;&s;aults upon Our Mer|chants Ships in tho&s;e Seas, and forbidding and re&s;train|ing them from Trade, did &s;tir up and hire the King of <HI>Fantine</HI> to a&s;&s;ault and &s;urprize that Our Ca&s;tle of <HI>Cor|mantine,</HI>
<PB N="13" REF="7">and to put the &s;ame into their hands for the price of &s;ixty <HI>Bendys,</HI> whereof one half was payd down by the &s;aid Dutch Commanders, with this condition likewi&s;e, that the &s;aid Natives &s;hould enjoy to them|&s;elves all the plunder of that Our &s;aid Ca&s;tle. In pur|&s;uance of which infamous Contract, and the better to enable them to perform the &s;ame, the Dutch Com|manders &s;upplied the &s;aid King of <HI>Fantine</HI> with a good quantity of Muskets, Powder and Cartages; whereof Our Commander having notice, by the ble&s;&s;ing of God &s;urprized the &s;ame: which it may be is one of tho&s;e Acts of Ho&s;tility whereof mention is made in this Me|morial, We having no notice of any other. Two Men of War, belonging to the Dutch Company, came from the <HI>Mina</HI> to <HI>Cape Coa&s;t</HI> to attend this enterprize at the time appointed, and accordingly the King of <HI>Fan|tine</HI> upon the fifth day of <HI>February</HI> la&s;t came with five hundred men in hope to have &s;urprized Our Ca&s;tle; but finding him&s;elf di&s;covered, and forced ro retire with &s;ome lo&s;s, he advanced again the next day with a Body of three thou&s;and men, and continued a &s;harp fight with Our men for the &s;pace of four hours, after which time he was beaten off with great lo&s;s, and hath &s;ince with &s;hame and &s;orrow acknowledged his breach of faith to|wards Us, and declared the motives and Contract afore|&s;aid; the Dutch Ships at the &s;ame time driving a &s;mall Ship belonging to Our Merchants under the command of Captain <HI>Borthwick</HI> into Our Port <HI>Ina&s;hange,</HI> anchored by him, hindred all the Canoes from coming on board him, and took his Boat and five men, which they would not re&s;tore till they found their other enterprize had mi&s;carried. We cannot in any degree doubt that the States of the United Provinces will manife&s;t their
<PB N="14" REF="8">dete&s;tation of this perfidious de&s;ign, and cau&s;e exem+plary Ju&s;tice to be done upon the Per&s;ons guilty of it, which We expect and require; and that in&s;tead of &s;end|ing Ships of War to ju&s;tifie the&s;e unwarrantable and &s;candalous proceedings, (which would be attended with ill effects, and would in&s;en&s;ibly produce a War between the two Nations, which we de&s;ire to prevent) their Wi&s;doms will reprehend and warn their <HI>We&s;t-India</HI> Company, that they hereafter forbear tho&s;e outrages, and that they do not pre&s;ume under the &s;tile of Mer|chants to u&s;urp the Prerogative of Princes, and a&s;&s;ume &s;uch a Dominion to them&s;elves, as if it were in truth ve&s;ted in them, would not warrant them to inhibit Traffique and Commerce with their Neighbours, but mu&s;t incen&s;e all Chri&s;tian Princes again&s;t their pre|&s;umption.</P>
<P>Concerning the Reformed Churches in the valleys o<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="UOM" EXTENT="1 letter"> <HI>Piedmont,</HI> towards whom We have expre&s;&s;ed Our com|pa&s;&s;ion and charity in a contribution &s;ince Our happy Re&s;toration, as We will be alwayes ready to relieve and protect the afflicted &s;tate of any Prote&s;tant Churches to Our Power; We being not fully informed of their con|dition, or the grounds of their late &s;ufferings, know not what more to do, then to de&s;ire the mo&s;t Chri&s;ti|an King to u&s;e his mediation, which We doubt not but he will do upon the de&s;ire of Our Amba&s;&s;ador in Ou<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="UOM" EXTENT="1 letter"> name, and acccording to Our directions.</P>
<P>We are exceedingly afflicted for tho&s;e places withi<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="UOM" EXTENT="1 letter"> the Dominions of the United Provinces which are <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="UOM" EXTENT="1 word"> pre&s;ent infected with the Plague, and do heartily pray to God that he will &s;peedily withdraw that his Vi&s;ita|tion from them, and in the mean time do in a great degree
<PB N="15" REF="8">&s;uffer with them, by the &s;u&s;pending that Traffique and Commerce which is &s;o much for the good of both Nati|ons: But it cannot be expected or de&s;ired, that We will neglect or decline that provident care of Our People which is due to them, in u&s;ing all po&s;&s;ible means to pre|&s;erve them from that Contagion, which cannot be done without &s;uch re&s;traints, which are for the pre&s;ent with great lo&s;s and damage to both People, and to which We hope the goodne&s;s of God will &s;hortly put a period, by making the corre&s;pondence as &s;afe and whol&s;ome as it hath been, and re&s;toring perfect health to the places now infected, as well as to their Neighbours, who can|not but in a degree &s;uffer with them, though they are not under the &s;ame calamity.</P>
<P>We having now complyed with the Amba&s;&s;adors de|&s;ires, in giving this particular An&s;wer in writing to his Memorial, and to all that he hath propo&s;ed to Us, We make no que&s;tion but he will faithfully tran&s;mit the &s;ame to Our good Friends and Allies the United Pro|vinces; and We de&s;ire him the &s;aid Amba&s;&s;ador to a&s;&s;ure them, that We are &s;o firmly re&s;olved to maintain a firm Amity and Friend&s;hip with them, that a War (by the ble&s;&s;ing of God) cannot fall out between Us, except they depart from all Rules of Ju&s;tice, and &s;uffer their Subjects to involve them in a War to &s;upport the wrong they do their Neighbours again&s;t all Right; which we are mo&s;t confident they will never be induced to do, and which mi&s;chief (of which no man can fore&s;ee the end) their great Wi&s;doms will prevent.</P>
<CLOSER><SIGNED>CHARLES R. By His <HI>Maje&s;ties</HI> Command,</SIGNED></CLOSER>
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