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<DATE>2013-05-23</DATE>
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<NAME>Sarah Wingo</NAME>
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<ITEM>Proofed and reviewed as part of batch B130411.pdcc.</ITEM>
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<FRONT>
<DIV1 TYPE="title page">
<PB REF="1" MS="y">
<P>A NEW WIND-MIL, A NEW.</P>
<P><HI>AT OXFORD,</HI> Printed by <HI>Leonard Lichfield,</HI> 1643.</P>
</DIV1>
</FRONT>
<BODY>
<DIV1 TYPE="letter">
<PB REF="2">
<PB N="1" REF="2">
<HEAD>To my dearely beloved Brother M^r. <HI>Jonadas Tra&s;h,</HI> at his hou&s;e in Soper-lane, at the &s;igne of the Shuttle.</HEAD>
<HEAD TYPE="sub">For a&s;much as I &s;ee every well-minded man hath a fling at an happy altera|tion; why &s;hould we only &s;it &s;till when there is &s;o much worke to do. For my part I love changes a&s;well as another, and have, as I &s;uppo&s;e, found out a pro&s;ect very con&s;iderable, which I have thought fit to impart unto you.</HEAD>
<P>_TRuly Brother, I am very much offended with a foule Super&s;tition, which I wonder is &s;o ea&s;ily pa&s;&s;ed over by others: Our Wind-mills, you know, are framed in &s;o perfect a cro&s;&s;e, as if they were erected in defiance of Reformation. To what purpo&s;e do wee bani&s;h the Cro&s;&s;e out of our Chur+ches and Markets, if we allow it upon our City-wals, or in our fields: It is no marvell if our corne that is ground with &s;o Idolatrous an engine, turne to no better nouri&s;hment, and &s;erve only to feed wicked humors; I warrant you our Brethren in New-England admit of no &s;uch abomination: Indeed what need we any Wind-mils at all, have we not wa|ter enough in every corner of our Land to drive our wheeles about? Or if our lot have fallen upon &s;andy &s;oyles, or drie heathes, have we not Hor&s;e-mils, and hand-mils, that may &s;ufficiently prepare our gri&s;t? How do they in tho&s;e religious armies that are rai&s;ed again&s;t the Malignant, and in tho&s;e god|ly townes and cities that have zealou&s;ly &s;hut out their King, and made them&s;elves their owne pri&s;oners? How did our
<PB N="2" REF="3">Fore-fathers before ever the&s;e vaine whirligigs were devi&s;ed? certainly they are &s;candalous in&s;truments, where of every &s;aile is thwarted over with twenty cro&s;&s;e-bars, no cro&s;&s;e of Jeru|&s;alem hath &s;o many; and if you mark it, they are commonly &s;eated upon high hils, that their offence may be the more no|torious: My advi&s;e therfore is, up with all Wind-mils, up with them both root and branch, let them be all pre&s;ently e&s;chea|ted to the State. But if any of our Brethren be otherwi&s;e min|ded, and &s;hall think it fit to latch the moving aire for &s;uch an advantage, and that there ought to be a corre&s;pondence be|twixt the holy Wind-mils in our braines, and the&s;e outward motions; I could earne&s;tly wi&s;h that at the next meeting it might be propounded to our Brethren, that they would be plea&s;ed to agree among them&s;elves, upon a Vote for the refor|ming of this evill fa&s;hion of Wind-mils; whereto I &s;hall not be unwilling to contribute my be&s;t thoughts.</P>
<P>Why may there not be a device of a round Wind mill free from offence, and more effectuall? the forme whereof I here pre&s;ent unto you: Let there be a large round wheele of good heart of Oake: In the inner part whereof, above the axel|wheele &s;hall be prominently &s;et out, and fa&s;t morti&s;ed in the circumferentiall wheele a large &s;quare of timber, with a faire roundell in the mid&s;t of it, borne out by foure &s;tuds ari&s;ing from the axel-wheele, and in each corner of that &s;quare, be|twixt it and the outer circumference, let there be &s;o many le&s;|&s;er roundels &s;everally placed (for I hate to think of any cro&s;&s;e bars in this fabrick) all the&s;e roundels &s;hal be &s;o covered with &s;trong canva&s;e, that there may be &s;cope left for the bunt of the &s;aile to &s;well in, wherewith the wind may be caught to pur|po&s;e: In the circumference of that large wheele &s;hall be fixed
<PB N="3" REF="3">certain &s;tiffe and long &s;poakes, winged with &s;everall flags of canva&s;e, two whereof may uphold a &s;everal &s;aile, fa&s;tend with &s;trong cords to the wheele, &s;o as they may be &s;pred or wrapt up according as the gale &s;erveth. This is the modell of the re|formed Wind-mill; I &s;uppo&s;e you have it in your head alrea|die. The Idea of it is &s;o familiar, that every brother may run away with it at the fir&s;t hearing. Here are no &s;uch emergent difficulties, and unreconcileable impo&s;sibilities, as &s;hould need the concurrence of many wi&s;e heads to &s;alve them up; but plaine round and &s;quare, without any cro&s;&s;e intricacies or deepe &s;ubtilties.</P>
<P>Now the commodities of this forme, and ju&s;t elogies there|of, which &s;hall recommend it to pre&s;ent practi&s;e, and to po&s;te|rity are not a few. Fir&s;t of all, it is new, and that I &s;uppo&s;e is no &s;mall prai&s;e: Away with the rotten fa&s;hions of our doting Ance&s;tors, give us all profitable novelties; I wonder at the fol|ly of tho&s;e men which think any thing the better for age: We ca&s;t away cloaths becau&s;e they are old; Liquors that are too &s;tale we di&s;like; Timber that is worm-eaten is rejected; and who cares for mouldy and mu&s;ty provi&s;ion? Yet Rites and Ceremonies are by fooli&s;h men entertained and magnified becau&s;e they are ancient: Should a man come forth clothed in the habit of his great Grand-&s;ire, how &s;hould he be followed by all the boyes in the &s;treet, not without hooting and deri&s;i|on; whereas he that walks in the common garbe of the la&s;t fa&s;hion, is not noted: And why &s;hould not we go beyond our Fore-fathers for wit, &s;ince we have both the help of theirs, and more pregnant of our own? What do they talke therefore of the old formes of Liturgie, or of the Di&s;cipline and govern|ment both of Church and State: It was the credulous &s;tupi|dity of our progenitors to take all upon tru&s;t, that was derived
<PB N="4" REF="4">unto them from former hands, without enquiring into the better rea&s;ons of alterations; For us we have learned to be wi|&s;er, and know how to be weary of the old decrepit inventions of &s;illy antiquity, and rejoyce to furni&s;h the world with better projects.</P>
<P>Secondly, this is a fa&s;hion that hath never been taken up by Papi&s;ts or Heathens, (who&s;e very u&s;e and practi&s;e is enough to make any thing &s;infull and abominable;) yea, therefore is it mo&s;t fit to be &s;et up, becau&s;e it is quite contrary to their formes: For &s;ince our Religion is ju&s;tly oppo&s;ite to theirs; why &s;hould we agree with them in any thing? Why &s;hould we not affect an utter contrariety unto them upon all occa&s;i|ons? If they u&s;e &s;et formes of publike Prayer, why &s;hould not we avoid them? If they uncover or kneele in their Churches, why &s;hould not we abhor that &s;uper&s;tition? If they fa&s;t on Good-Friday, what day is fitter for our fea&s;ting? If Chri&s;t|mas day be their Fe&s;tivall, why is it not fitte&s;t for our work|ing-day? If they preach in gownes, and walk in &s;ide-robes, what is &s;o proper for us as &s;hort cloakes and Jumps: Their Lent &s;hould be our Carnevall: And if we could have a Sum|mer and Winter, a day and night, varying from theirs, or an|other Sunne from that which gives light to them, we would not partake with them in the&s;e: And if they go on their feet, I wi&s;h we could walk on our heads: I am much afraid le&s;t when they &s;ee the better fa&s;hion of our grinding engine, they wil go neer to conforme unto this Fabrick, which if they &s;hould do, they &s;hould &s;oon drive us to &s;eek &s;ome other devi&s;e, for we are re&s;olved to hold aloo&s;&s;e from them in all our concernments.</P>
<P>Thirdly, there can be no danger of any ill u&s;e to be made of this frame, whereas the other being &s;o exqui&s;ite a cro&s;&s;e, doth (as it were) invite every pa&s;&s;enger to &s;uper&s;tition. In this re|gard
<PB N="5" REF="4">&s;urely I &s;hould marvell to &s;ee any Papi&s;t pa&s;&s;e by &s;o faire repre&s;entation with his hat on: And if the Je&s;uit CAMPIAN uncovered his head when he pa&s;&s;ed by Tiburne (as his &s;tory tels us) the &s;tructure wherof is only compo&s;ed of three cro&s;&s;e beams without any formall arrectary; how would he much more have vailed to &s;o perfect a re&s;emblance of that which is entertained with all idolatrous adoration? And if we breake down &s;orry halfe-headed cro&s;&s;elets in our Church-yards and high-waies, for fear of the wor&s;t: With what courage &s;hould we (with the valiant and zealous DON QUIXOTE) &s;et upon the&s;e Giantly champions of &s;uper&s;tition? Since we may bold|ly &s;ay that no old Primer, or Horn-book, no book of Popi&s;h Ma&s;sing, or conjuring, hath in it a more exact forme of that great Idoll than the common Wind-mill hath. Well fare a good &s;i&s;ter of ours, Mi&s;tris W. a &s;chool-mi&s;tris, which would not &s;uffer her little ones to name that Idol in their fir&s;t le&s;&s;on, but taught them to &s;ay black-&s;pot in &s;tead of Chri&s;ts-cro&s;&s;e; And our brother H. L. the Baker, that in dete&s;tation of this fi|gure, would not &s;o much as prick his loaves with an headle&s;&s;e cro&s;&s;e, but contented him&s;elfe &s;till with one &s;ingle motion of his knife.</P>
<P>Fourthly, it cannot be denied that the fa&s;hion of this our Wind-mill is far more excellent than the other, for the round figure is by all confe&s;sion mo&s;t perfect; the heaven is round, the earth is round, and if the&s;e very &s;quare &s;ailes did not move round they could do nothing; and if they be therefore e&s;tee|med becau&s;e they go round, why &s;hould they not be &s;o much more approved becau&s;e they are round.</P>
<P>Fifthly, it is no &s;light argument to induce us to this forme, that herein we &s;hall conforme our &s;elves to all other kinds of Mills, the Hand-mill, the Hor&s;e-mill, the Water-mill, are all
<PB N="6" REF="5">contrived into this figure; how&s;oever therefore all the Wind|mils of the whole world be &s;quare and cro&s;&s;e-like; yet &s;ince it is fit we &s;hould frame our &s;elves to the fa&s;hion of our neigh|bours; &s;urely it is meet that the&s;e windy Engins &s;hould imi|tate their fellowes, that &s;o there may be a corre&s;pondence be|tween them, all of an happy and comely rotundity.</P>
<P>Many other inducements might be inforced, but the&s;e are enough to incline al rea&s;onable men to a liking of this form, which I per&s;wade my &s;elf will take &s;o well upon the fir&s;t mo|tion, that all our well-affected Corporations will be ready to run into this prai&s;e-worthy fa&s;hion. Which becau&s;e it may be of &s;o &s;ingular u&s;e, I could wi&s;h that in your next a&s;&s;embly, when you &s;hall finde a generall approbation of this plot, you would move that we two (who are the fir&s;t movers of this project) might have the ju&s;t favour to be joynt Patentees in the work: (why not as well as &s;ome others have been in the round weights) &s;o as who&s;oever will reap benefit by our invention, may give &s;ome reall acknowledgement to the Au|thors of it: for how&s;oever I hate Monopolies (as the very bane of the Common-wealth) yet I &s;ee no rea&s;on why tho&s;e that have beaten their braines for the contrivance of any rare device for the common good, &s;hould not receive due encou|ragement from tho&s;e hands which partake the benefit of their labour; but this I leave to your di&s;cretion, and to the deeper judgement of the A&s;&s;embly, in the mid&s;t whereof I doe oft wi&s;h my &s;elfe.</P>
<CLOSER><DATELINE>Bo&s;ton, <DATE><HI>Januar.</HI> 2. 1642.</DATE></DATELINE>
<SIGNED>Your alike-minded Brother, <HI>ABEDNECO CANNE.</HI></SIGNED></CLOSER>
</DIV1>
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