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<DATE>2009-09-02</DATE>
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<NAME>Mona Logarbo</NAME>
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<DIV1 TYPE="title page">
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<P>THE PRIVILEGES OF THE Univer&s;ity of OXFORD, In point of <HI>VISITATION:</HI> Cleerly evidenced by LETTER To an Honourable Per&s;onage.</P>
<P><HI>TOGETHER WITH</HI> The <HI>&V;niver&s;ities</HI> ANSWER to the Summons of the <HI>Vi&s;itors.</HI></P>
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<P>ACADEMIA OXONIENSIS</P>
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<P><DATE><ADD> 8ber. 14^t^h</ADD></DATE>Printed for <HI>Richard Roy&s;ton.</HI> 1647.</P>
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<DIV1 TYPE="letter">
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<HEAD>THE PRIVILEGES OF The Univer&s;ity of OXFORD, In point of <HI>Vi&s;itation,</HI> &amp;c.</HEAD>
<OPENER><SALUTE>Honoured Sir,</SALUTE></OPENER>
<P>_HOw violently active the re&s;entments of <HI>Liberty</HI> and <HI>Freedome</HI> are in the minds of men, there needs no other evidence then this late <HI>War,</HI> wherein the mo&s;t earthy <HI>&s;oules,</HI> with earne&s;t zeale, have &s;acrificed their <HI>blood</HI> unto the <HI>name</HI> and empty <HI>&s;hadow</HI> of it. And if the bare &s;hape, and apparition could actuate tho&s;e Icie <HI>&s;pirits;</HI> I cannot but wonder you &s;hould thinke, that the more <HI>Free</HI> and <HI>Aeriall</HI> ones, who&s;e indu&s;try en|deavours to re&s;tore the Soul to its native <HI>Priviledge</HI> and <HI>Birthright,</HI> &s;hould be &s;en&s;ele&s;&s;e of their ju&s;t <HI>intere&s;t,</HI> e&s;pecially where <HI>Religion</HI> adds his Title unto <HI>Right;</HI> and private <HI>Liberty,</HI> built upon publick Priviledge, in its fall engages his <HI>Foundation,</HI> and renders the neglect of a &s;ingle <HI>&s;afety,</HI> a de&s;ertion to the <HI>Generall,</HI> and <HI>Trea&s;on</HI> to <HI>Succe&s;sion.</HI> But &s;ince you take no knowledge of the&s;e &s;o
<PB N="2" REF="3"><!-- PDF PAGE 51 -->high engagements; and &s;eeme pre-po&s;&s;e&s;t with the &s;peci|ous de&s;igne of reforming of Errours, and the Authori|tative name of a <HI>Vi&s;itation:</HI> I &s;hall endeavour to <HI>De|mon&s;trate</HI> the propo&s;ition I glanced upon in my la&s;t Letter, and you &s;o much &s;tartle at, <HI>that the right of Vi|&s;iting the Univer&s;ity of</HI> Oxford <HI>is onely in the Kings Ma|je&s;ty: and that it is exempt from all other juri&s;diction,</HI> both by rea&s;on of its <HI>foundation,</HI> in regard that all Soci|eties whereof the <HI>King</HI> or his <HI>Predece&s;&s;ors</HI> were <HI>Founders,</HI> are onely Vi&s;itable by the <HI>King,</HI> by the <HI>Common Law</HI> of this Realme.<NOTE N="a" PLACE="marg">6 Hen. 7. fo. 14. 2 Hen. 5.</NOTE> And &s;econdly, by rea&s;on of &s;everall grants of <HI>Exemption:</HI><NOTE N="b" PLACE="marg">Malmesbur. de Antiq. Gla&s;ton. Auth. Annal. de Mona&s;t. de Hide, Jo: Ro&s;&s;us de Regibus. Literae Hen. 4. ad Papam Johannem: <HI>ex fund. Regis.</HI></NOTE> Fir&s;t, That the <HI>Uni|ver&s;ity</HI> of <HI>Oxford</HI> wholly refers to the <HI>King</HI> as its <HI>Original</HI> and <HI>Founder,</HI> is cleere, in that almo&s;t 800. yeers &s;ince King <HI>Alured</HI> founded not only Pub|lique Schooles of <HI>Arts</HI> and <HI>Lectures,</HI> but their <HI>Privi|leges</HI> and <HI>Immunities,</HI> having got them confirmed by the then Pope,<NOTE N="*" PLACE="marg">Martin. <HI>2.</HI></NOTE> and although the <HI>bounty</HI> of inferiour <HI>Benefactors</HI> added to the <HI>bulk</HI> and <HI>magnifience</HI> of the <HI>Foundation,</HI> yet the <HI>King</HI> &s;til a&s;&s;umed the Title, as being the totall founder of the <HI>De&s;igne;</HI> and his <HI>immunities</HI> deriving and communicating them&s;elves to the <HI>whole;</HI> and tho&s;e more <HI>particular founders</HI> were al&s;o in a lower ranck acknowledged by the <HI>Univer&s;ity,</HI> who ever both &s;ubmitted and &s;heltred them&s;elves under the title of the <HI>Kings Foundation,</HI><NOTE N="c" PLACE="marg">In&s;trum. Univer. Ox|on. ad Ric. &s;ecundum: <HI>Ve&s;trae Fundationis &amp; Patronatus.</HI> Hare memor. Univer. Oxon. Fol. 92. Vetus Epi&s;tolarum Lib. pag. 51. &amp; 56. Ad Regem Hen. 6. pag. 90. &amp; 108. Antiqu. Oxon. Lib. 2. <HI>&agrave;</HI> pag. 182. ad pag. 202.</NOTE> and as yet <HI>doe;</HI> (the power of the <HI>Chancellour</HI> being immediately, and only derived from
<PB N="3" REF="3"><!-- PDF PAGE 51 -->the<NOTE N="d" PLACE="marg">Edvar. 3. <HI>Pote&s;tate~ re|giam per nos &amp; progenito|res no&s;tros ip&s;|conce&s;&s;am.</HI> Hare, memor. Univ. Oxon. in Edvar. 3. fo. 65. The vi|olation of his Privileges, in particular that of not obeying his Citation, is called, <HI>Lae&s;io Coronae,</HI> &amp;c. ex Rot. clau&s;. de an. 34. reg. Edv. 3. in dorf. memb. 27. Tur. Lond. Rot. patent. de an. 36. parte 2. memb. 44. in dor&s;. in Tur. Lond. Rot. patent. de an. 18. parte 2. memb. 31. Tur. Lond.</NOTE> <HI>King</HI>) and are <HI>obliged</HI> to doe &s;o; unle&s;&s;e that <HI>Logick</HI> whick makes <HI>Protection</HI> and <HI>Subjection</HI> Relatives, di&s;pute us out of &s;ubmi&s;&s;ion to the Kings onely <HI>juri&s;diction,</HI> be|cau&s;e He is di&s;abled from the maintenance of our <HI>Privi|leges;</HI> and will not let Him be our <HI>Vi&s;itor,</HI> becau&s;e He can|not be our <HI>Defender.</HI> And here you may plea&s;e to con&s;i|der, that the Foundation of the Univer&s;ity, being the Kings and His Predece&s;&s;ors <HI>Per&s;onal act,</HI> His intere&s;t lies not within the reach of that beaten eva&s;ion of a <HI>publique</HI> or <HI>politique</HI> capacity.</P>
<P>And as this <HI>right</HI> and <HI>title</HI> of <HI>Vi&s;iting</HI> is the Kings <HI>Prerogative</HI> as <HI>Founder,</HI> &s;o the privilege of being by him onely <HI>Vi&s;ited,</HI> is our lawfull <HI>inheritance,</HI> which we claim by <HI>pre&s;cription,</HI><NOTE N="e" PLACE="marg"><HI>Indult. Dom. Papa Bonif.</HI> 8. <HI>con|firm. privileg. Regal. ip&s;am&abque; &V;niver&s;itate~ eximens ab omni Juri&s;d. Archiep. Epi&s;<GAP DESC="illegible" EXTENT="1 letter">op. &amp;c. &amp; &agrave; Vi&s;i|tatione:</HI> adding, that they had had the&s;e privileges <HI>&agrave; tempore cujus contrarii memo|ni&acirc; non exi&s;tit:</HI> Hare, <HI>li. de Priv. &V;niv. Ox. Lib. Vet. Statut. Ox. p.</HI> 95. <HI>Lib. Vet. Se|nior. procur. p.</HI> 4. the &s;ame ratified and confirm'd by <HI>Sixtus</HI> 4. <HI>Lib. Epi&s;t. &V;niv. Ox.</HI> in <HI>Hen.</HI> 3. Act of Parl. 25 <HI>H.</HI> 8. <HI>c.</HI> 21. <HI>fo.</HI> 556. all power of Vi&s;itation is given onely to &s;uch as &s;hal have immediate authority by the Kings Commi&s;&s;ion under the Great Seale of England, in places formerly exempted, as Colleges, &amp;c. All Letters Patents heretofore made by the Kings Progenitours, in behalf of the Univer&s;ities, are confirmed by Act of Parliament, 13. <HI>Elizab.</HI> And in 19. <HI>Eli|zab.</HI> part 12. in <HI>dor&s;rot.</HI> the Privileges of the Univer&s;ity are confirm'd in the ve|ry words of <HI>Bonif.</HI> 8. acknowledged they had them by Pre&s;cription: the imme|diate &s;ubjection of the Univer&s;ity to the authority &amp; juri&s;diction of the Prince, and all their other exemptions ratified; and the&s;e acknowleged to be &s;worn to, in the Oath taken by every Graduate, <HI>ad ob&s;erv. Statut. Privil. Con|&s;uet,</HI> &amp;c.</NOTE> allowed and confirm'd by <HI>Char|ters</HI> from &s;everal Kings, both by <HI>them&s;elves</HI> and in^e <HI>Parliaments;</HI> and what&s;oever free Royall <HI>grant</HI> was
<PB N="4" REF="4"><!-- PDF PAGE 52 -->before the <HI>Reformation,</HI> confirm'd unto us by the Pope, (that being then thought nece&s;&s;ary) was (after that the <HI>Royal Authority</HI> had a&s;&s;erted to its Prerogative the <HI>Eccle&s;ia&s;tical Juri&s;diction</HI>) by the &s;ucceeding <HI>Princes</HI> in the^e &s;ame words <HI>e&s;tabli&s;h't:</HI> Nor did the practi&s;e of <HI>Vi&s;itations</HI> di&s;&s;ent, for all tho&s;e that happen'd in the re|mainder of <HI>Hen.</HI> 8 time,<NOTE N="f" PLACE="marg">Foure Vi&s;itations &s;ince the Re|formation, all by the Kings Com|mi&s;&s;ion, ex|cept in <HI>Q. Maries</HI> time, when the Eccle&s;ia&s;ticall juri&s;diction was again retur|ned to the Pope, then <HI>Cardinall Pool</HI> vi&s;ited, as <HI>Legatus &agrave; latere,</HI> which is Equi|valent. <HI>Citat. Cardin. Poli. ad &V;niver&s;.</HI></NOTE> <HI>Ed:</HI> 6. <HI>Q. Mary, Q. Eliz.</HI> were held by the re&s;pective <HI>Princes Authority,</HI> and the <HI>Per&s;ons</HI> Vi&s;iting were onely their <HI>Repre&s;entatives,</HI> and who&s;oe|ver &s;ate, the King Vi&s;ited.</P>
<P>I have thus farre as much as may be expected from one, not us'd to &s;uch encounters, nor advantag'd by any of the <HI>Vniver&s;ity writings</HI> and <HI>muniments,</HI> (they ha|ving been of late<NOTE N="g" PLACE="marg">At the beginning of this Parl. the Univer&s;ity Writings were requi|red, and ever&s;ince are de|tained.</NOTE> withheld from us) di&s;cover'd our <HI>Privileges</HI> in point of <HI>Vi&s;itation;</HI> being put to this une|qual <HI>Combate,</HI> to engage with per&s;ons arm'd with <HI>pow|er</HI> and our own <HI>weapons</HI> too, onely &s;hielded by naked <HI>Truth.</HI></P>
<P>But &s;hould I wave the former debate of <HI>Intere&s;t,</HI> and onely look upon the tye of <HI>Honour,</HI> I cannot but with <HI>wonder</HI> and ju&s;t <HI>&s;corn</HI> re&s;ent the mean <HI>opinion</HI> we are now faln into, who for almo&s;t 800 <HI>years</HI> the <HI>care</HI> and <HI>&s;trife</HI> of<NOTE N="h" PLACE="marg"><HI>Alured</HI> him&s;elf vi&s;its <HI>an.</HI> 886. <HI>Ex A&s;&s;er. Me|neu. Epi&s;. Reg. Alured. Scrib. Ex edit. Cambd. Edvar.</HI> 3. &amp; <HI>Rich.</HI> 2. them&s;elves decided controver&s;ies, that a|ro&s;e in the Univer&s;ity. The late Vi&s;itations performed by Commi&s;&s;ioners, the chief Nobility of the Kingdome: and His Maje&s;ty that now is. vi&s;ited Chri&s;t-Church per&s;onally with 8. Lords of the Coun&s;ell.</NOTE> <HI>Princes,</HI> are made now the prize and &s;poil of our <HI>fellow-&s;ubjects;</HI> and what &s;peakes more <HI>di&s;honour</HI> &s;ubmitted to the &s;trict <HI>Tribunal</HI> of our own <HI>members,</HI> who having<NOTE N="*" PLACE="marg">Jur. in admi&s;. ad gradus.</NOTE> &s;worn the <HI>ob&s;ervation</HI> of our <HI>Statutes, liber|ties,</HI> and <HI>cu&s;tomes,</HI> cannot appear as <HI>Judges</HI> over us, with|out
<PB N="5" REF="4"><!-- PDF PAGE 52 -->a violation of their <HI>oaths</HI> &s;o <HI>often</HI> and <HI>&s;olemnly</HI> taken; nor yet without a manife&s;t <HI>oppo&s;ition</HI> of <HI>Nature,</HI> where <HI>parts</HI> judge the <HI>whole;</HI> and the Lawes of ju&s;tice too; e|&s;pecially if we con&s;ider the <HI>Intere&s;ts</HI> and <HI>ingagements,</HI> nay often <HI>profe&s;&s;ions</HI> of the mo&s;t active <HI>in&s;truments</HI> of this <HI>work.</HI></P>
<P>But to go a <HI>&s;tep</HI> farther, and re&s;t &s;atisfied both in the <HI>Vi&s;itation</HI> and <HI>Vi&s;itors,</HI> it is <HI>evident</HI> that neither the <HI>one</HI> or the <HI>other</HI> can concern us, till by &s;ome <HI>Legal</HI> way their <HI>Power</HI> is <HI>manife&s;ted.</HI> It is true, about three <HI>months</HI> &s;ince, a <HI>Citation</HI> was publiquely &s;et up to <HI>&s;ummon</HI> our <HI>appearance,</HI> but the force of that being <HI>lap&s;t,</HI> we are to expect a <HI>new</HI> one, not onely by the <HI>common</HI> rules of <HI>Ju|&s;tice,</HI> but their <HI>own</HI> al&s;o, who conceiv'd a <HI>Citation</HI> at fir&s;t <HI>nece&s;&s;ary,</HI> and know the former to have been <HI>voyded</HI> by their own default. Now let the <HI>world</HI> be <HI>Judge,</HI> what <HI>obligation</HI> can lie on any <HI>man</HI> to leave his <HI>occa&s;ions</HI> and <HI>affairs,</HI> to appear, and that under the penalty of <HI>impri|&s;onment,</HI> before tho&s;e men he <HI>knows</HI> not, or at lea&s;t is not Legally <HI>&s;uppos'd</HI> to know, to have any <HI>Authority</HI> over him?</P>
<P>But &s;hould we be willing to &s;acrifice our <HI>Honour</HI> to a more Chri&s;tian virtue of <HI>humility,</HI> and our <HI>freedome</HI> un|to patient <HI>&s;ufferance</HI> (as in mo&s;t ca&s;es we may lawfully recede from our &s;trict rights:) Yet would there a grea|ter <HI>&s;top</HI> to our de&s;ires then any yet mentioned <HI>interpo&s;e</HI> it &s;elfe, the &s;evere law of <HI>Con&s;cience;</HI> from who&s;e com|mands neither hope may <HI>lead,</HI> nor danger <HI>force</HI> us.<NOTE PLACE="marg">Prote&s;t. May <HI>5. 1641.</HI></NOTE> We are all engag'd by &s;olemn <HI>pro&s;te&s;tation</HI> before <HI>Almighty God to defend and maintain our Lawful Rights and privi|leges,</HI> (in the <HI>number</HI> of which I am confident I have &s;hew'd our <HI>exemption</HI> from this <HI>Vi&s;itation</HI> to be:) and hereby our <HI>adver&s;aries</HI> are them&s;elves bound <HI>to protect and defend us in what&s;oever we &s;hal do, in pur&s;uance of
<PB N="6" REF="5"><!-- PDF PAGE 53 -->them:</HI> But if this be not of <HI>force</HI> to us, as it is not con|ceived to be by them, we have yet a more <HI>&s;trict</HI> and par|ticular <HI>obligation,</HI> being &s;worn by our <HI>re&s;pective &s;tatutes,</HI> to <HI>allow</HI> or <HI>&s;ubmit</HI> to no <HI>Vi&s;itation,</HI> but from tho&s;e who are <HI>nominated</HI> by our <HI>founders,</HI> and enabled by the <HI>Kings grant</HI> and <HI>Patent,</HI> confirmed by Act of <HI>Parliament,</HI> and &s;o enlivened to the <HI>&s;trength</HI> of <HI>Lawes.</HI></P>
<P>Thus farre briefly of <HI>Privilege</HI> and <HI>Exemption,</HI> I am now to clear a <HI>part</HI> yet untoucht, but of no le&s;&s;e <HI>concern|ment;</HI> that is, the <HI>nece&s;&s;ity</HI> and <HI>want</HI> of Vi&s;itation. It being given out by the <HI>Out-cries</HI> and <HI>clamours</HI> of our <HI>Ad|ver&s;aries,</HI> that we are wholly <HI>corrupt</HI> and <HI>lo&s;t,</HI> and not to be <HI>redeemed</HI> to any thing that's <HI>good</HI> and <HI>virtuous,</HI> but by extirpation &amp; ruine. To the <HI>malice</HI> of which <HI>imputa|tions,</HI> how <HI>uncharitable.</HI> &s;oever, I can ob&s;erve no <HI>return</HI> but <HI>prayers</HI> and <HI>&s;ilence,</HI> finding in the <HI>general, brea&s;ts</HI> neither con&s;cious of the <HI>crimes</HI> they are <HI>accu&s;ed</HI> of, nor <HI>revengeful</HI> ones towards the <HI>per&s;ons</HI> of their <HI>Accu&s;ers,</HI> but <HI>cheerfully</HI> receiving their many <HI>injuries</HI> (having for whole years together, been publiquely <HI>&s;landered</HI> to their <HI>faces:</HI>) and <HI>burying</HI> in filence tho&s;e <HI>dark Arts,</HI> and &s;trangely fal&s;e <HI>&s;ugge&s;tions</HI> which have been u&s;ed to <HI>pro|cure</HI> this <HI>Vi&s;itation,</HI> commit them&s;elves to the <HI>protection</HI> of <HI>providence: a&s;&s;ured</HI> either by <HI>clearing</HI> all <HI>Accu&s;ations,</HI> or by a <HI>Chri&s;tian</HI> &s;uffering of what&s;oever &s;hall be unju&s;t|ly <HI>inflicted,</HI> to <HI>evidence</HI> to the <HI>world,</HI> they are not tho&s;e <HI>mon&s;ters</HI> that their <HI>Enemies</HI> Character would &s;peak them: Nor yet <HI>men</HI> altogether unworthy their <HI>Educati|on,</HI> or their <HI>founders munificence.</HI> For my <HI>particular,</HI> next to the te&s;timony of <HI>Con&s;cience,</HI> Ambition cannot name unto me a higher note of <HI>Innocence,</HI> then to be ac|knowledged as</P>
<CLOSER><SALUTE>Sir,</SALUTE> <SIGNED>Your <HI>mo&s;t humble Servant.</HI></SIGNED></CLOSER>
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<DIV1 TYPE="postscript">
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<HEAD>POST-SCRIPT.</HEAD>
<OPENER><SALUTE>SIR,</SALUTE></OPENER>
<P>AS J was Sealing, there came to my hands, the An&s;wer of the &V;niver&s;ity, to the Vi&s;itors Summons, which J here pre|&s;ent to your view; and doubt not but the Candour and Rea&s;on, backt by the Autho|rity of &s;o great a Name, will adde &s;ome|thing of weight and moment to what hath been already &s;aid.</P>
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<HEAD>To the Right VVor&s;hipfull, Sir <HI>Nathaniel Brent,</HI> and the re&s;t of the <HI>commi&s;sioners,</HI> &s;itting at <HI>Merton-Colledge.</HI></HEAD>
<P><HI>WHereas</HI> by &s;everall <HI>Citations,</HI> &s;ub&s;cribed, <HI>Guiliel. New-hou&s;e</HI> Reg. Com. the <HI>Vice-chancellour</HI> and <HI>Proctors</HI> (being the <HI>Magi|&s;trates</HI> and publick <HI>Officers</HI> of this <HI>Univer&s;ity</HI>) have been required re&s;pectively to appear before the &s;aid
<PB N="8" REF="6"><!-- PDF PAGE 54 --><HI>Commi&s;sioners,</HI> &s;itting in <HI>Merton College.</HI> They having imparted the &s;ame to us, the <HI>Delegates</HI> of the <HI>Univer&s;ity,</HI> upon due <HI>Con&s;tderation</HI> and deliberate <HI>Examination</HI> of the <HI>Premi&s;es;</HI> We the &s;aid <HI>Delegates,</HI> together with the <HI>Vice-chancellour</HI> and <HI>Proctors,</HI> do in the <HI>name</HI> of the <HI>Univer&s;ity,</HI> with all <HI>humble Reverence</HI> to the two <HI>Honorable Hou&s;es of Parliament;</HI> and all due <HI>re&s;pects</HI> to the <HI>Per&s;ons,</HI> and <HI>places</HI> of tho&s;e that are <HI>imployed</HI> by them, <HI>Humbly Conceive,</HI> we cannot acknowlege any <HI>Vi&s;itor</HI> but the <HI>King,</HI> or &s;uch as are immediately &s;ent by His Maje&s;ty; it being one of His <HI>Maje&s;ties</HI> undoubted <HI>Rights</HI> (all which we are bound to defend, as by many legall <HI>obligations,</HI> &s;o by our late <HI>Prote&s;tation</HI>) and one of the chiefe <HI>Privileges</HI> of the <HI>Univer&s;ity,</HI> (all which we are obliged by divers <HI>Statutes,</HI> and <HI>Oathes,</HI> to <HI>maintaine</HI> al&s;o) That His <HI>Maje&s;tie,</HI> and without Him, none other is to <HI>Vi&s;it</HI> this <HI>Univer&s;ity.</HI> And therefore we cannot (as we conceive) without the manife&s;t danger of incurring <HI>multiplyed Perjuries,</HI> &s;ubmit to this <HI>Vi&s;itation,</HI> or ac|knowledge, tho&s;e now &s;ent by the <HI>Honourable Hou&s;es</HI> of <HI>Parliament</HI> to Vi&s;it us, to be our <HI>Vi&s;itors.</HI> And as we are per&s;waded, That if the <HI>weighty Affaires</HI> of the <HI>Kingdome,</HI> would have permitted the Two <HI>Honourable Hou&s;es</HI> to have taken this <HI>Obligation</HI> of ours into <HI>Con|&s;ideration,</HI> they would not have thought fit to reduce us to this <HI>extremity,</HI> either of <HI>di&s;plea&s;ing</HI> them, or do|ing <HI>violence</HI> to our owne <HI>Con&s;ciences;</HI> &s;o we <HI>beleeve,</HI> and <HI>hope,</HI> that if it &s;hall plea&s;e tho&s;e that are <HI>imployed</HI> by them, <HI>candidly</HI> and <HI>charitably</HI> to <HI>repre&s;ent</HI> to them, this our <HI>An&s;wer,</HI> with the <HI>Rea&s;ons</HI> thereof, (which we mo&s;t earne&s;tly de&s;ire them to doe) the <HI>Honourable
<PB N="9" REF="6"><!-- PDF PAGE 54 -->Hou&s;es</HI> will be plea&s;ed to <HI>admit</HI> of this our <HI>An&s;wer,</HI> and &s;uffer us in the meane while to enjoy what by the <HI>Law</HI> of the <HI>Land</HI> (which is the <HI>Birth-right</HI> of the <HI>Subject</HI>) as well as by the <HI>Privileges</HI> of the <HI>Univer&s;ity</HI> is due unto us; untill we &s;hall be proved to have made a Legall <HI>forfeiture</HI> of it, before &s;uch as are our <HI>proper</HI> and <HI>competent</HI> Judges: Before whom we &s;hall be alwaies ready to <HI>appeare,</HI> and to <HI>An&s;wer</HI> what&s;oever <HI>crimes</HI> or <HI>mi&s;demeanours</HI> &s;hall be laid to our <HI>charge.</HI></P>
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