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<DATE>2013-08-09</DATE>
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<NAME>Monica Tsuneishi</NAME>
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<FRONT>
<DIV1 TYPE="title page">
<PB REF="1">
<PB REF="1">
<P> Some Farther CONSIDERATIONS Concerning ALKALY and ACID, By Way of APPENDIX To a late ESSAY.</P>
<P>WHEREIN The <HI>Terms</HI> are made Clear, and the <HI>Natures</HI> of them Both more fully Explained: Together with an <HI>An&s;wer</HI> to the <HI>Objections</HI> that have been rai&s;ed again&s;t &s;ome Things contained in the &s;aid <HI>E&s;&s;ay.</HI></P>
<P><HI>By</HI> John Colbatch, <HI>Phy&s;ician.</HI></P>
<P><HI>LONDON:</HI> Printed for <HI>Dan. Brown,</HI> at the <HI>Black Swan</HI> and <HI>Bible</HI> without <HI>Temple-Bar.</HI> 1696.</P>
<PB REF="2">
</DIV1>
<DIV1 TYPE="dedication">
<PB REF="2">
<HEAD>TO THE Learned and Ingenious Dr. <HI>Edward Baynard,</HI> Fellow of the College of Phy|&s;icians, <HI>London.</HI></HEAD>
<OPENER><SALUTE>Honoured Sir,</SALUTE></OPENER>
<P>THE Civil and Gentleman-like Treatment I met with the fir&s;t time I &s;aw you, and the many Favours I have received from you &s;ince I have been honoured with your more In|timate Acquaintance, emboldens me to pro&s;trate this Trifle at your
<PB REF="3"> Feet; not pretending thereby to merit any thing from you, but as a ju&s;t Acknowledgment of the many Obligations I lye under. It would be a Wrong to you for me to &s;peak any thing in your Prai&s;e, your Me|rits being better known, than I am able to repre&s;ent them. It was you, SIR, who were (for ought I know) the mo&s;t early Cultivator of the Doctrine of <HI>Acids</HI> in the Cure of Di&s;ea&s;es, in this Nation; and the Succe&s;s you have had in your Practice &s;ufficiently makes it appear, that you very well under&s;tood what you went about, when you dur&s;t contend with the whole World, by treading in a New Path to Aid and Succor Life, which few Phy&s;icians ever went before. <HI>Macte!</HI> SIR, in &s;o Great a Work as in Saving from the Grave; &s;o &s;hall the Name of <HI>Baynard</HI> not be known to the Widow, nor the Cries of the Father|le&s;s entail Vengeance on your Hou&s;e. And would your Multiplicity of
<PB REF="3"> Bu&s;ine&s;s but permit you to collect your own Ob&s;ervations, and make them Publick, I am &s;ure the Mouths of all your Oppo&s;ers would be for ever &s;topp'd, and their Errors cured by your Healing Hand; for I know your Charity extends to Lunacy, as well as other Di&s;ea&s;es: For none but the Moon-&s;ick can doubt &s;o known and clear a Truth, as are the daily and mo&s;t apparent Cures done by (the Happy Di&s;covery of) the U&s;e of <HI>Acids.</HI> 'Tis well known, SIR, that Nature and Art has &s;ufficient|ly arm'd you for any Enemy, if &s;uch there are; tho your Condonable Di&s;|po&s;ition is like the Sun, which &s;hines even upon the Curs that bark at him. Your Pardon, SIR, for this Trouble, and I doubt not but from you to meet with a Generous Ac|ceptance and Protection; and if Dr. <HI>Baynard</HI> e&s;pou&s;e my Cau&s;e, I care not who is again&s;t me. I a&s;&s;ure you I bring no common Inclinations to &s;erve you; neither would I by
<PB REF="4"> ordinary Te&s;timonies expre&s;s that Pa&s;&s;ion wherewith I am,</P>
<CLOSER><SALUTE>SIR,</SALUTE>
<SIGNED>Your mo&s;t Humble and mo&s;t Devoted Servant, <HI>JOHN COLBATCH.</HI></SIGNED></CLOSER>
</DIV1>
<DIV1 TYPE="preface">
<PB REF="4">
<HEAD>THE Preface.</HEAD>
<P><HI>I</HI> Have &s;o enquired into the Cau&s;es of Di&s;ea&s;es, as to be altogether certain of the truth of the <HI>Hy|pothe&s;is</HI> I have already advan|ced, and am now, in &s;ome mea&s;ure, endeavouring to confirm: But I don't at all pretend to have arrived to &s;o much Certainty as that by the Methods I take, to make People Immortal, and that no Per&s;on &s;hall die with whom I am concerned, which is what I believe &s;ome People have expected from me. But, for my Part, I &s;hall always en|tirely &s;ubmit to, and have re&s;pects for the Providence of the Almighty, who alone is the Author and Di&s;po&s;er
<PB REF="5"> of our Lives; and who by the mouth of an In&s;pired Writer, has declared, That our days are determined; and beyond the Limitation, &s;et by that wi&s;e Author of Nature, we cannot pa&s;s; it being altogether impo&s;&s;ible for Creatures to contend with their Crea|tor, or to extend the Time that he hath limited.</P>
<P>Phy&s;icians are, of all men, without doubt, the mo&s;t unhappy; People, in their Extremities, looking upon them as their Saviours and Deliverers; yet after all, they having done as much as 'twas in the power of man to do, having in all re&s;pects acquitted them|&s;elves with the utmo&s;t fidelity and diligence, if their Patients die, their appointed time being come, and the number of their days, alotted them by the Almighty, being expired; yet the Friends and Relations of the Par|ty decea&s;ed, &s;eldom fail to charge them in one re&s;pect or other, though in&s;tead of being blamed, the Phy&s;ician has
<PB REF="5"> de&s;erved their utmo&s;t Favour and E&s;teem.</P>
<P>By what I have &s;aid, I would not be &s;o under&s;tood, That I am &s;o far a <HI>Prede&s;tinarian,</HI> as to believe that Peoples Lives are not frequently pro|longed by the u&s;e of fit and proper Medicines: For if it were not &s;o, why &s;hould the wi&s;e Creator have been at &s;o much trouble, in providing &s;uch a va&s;t number of Medicines, in the Animal, Vegetable, and Mineral King|doms? if he did not by them de&s;ign a real &s;ervice to Mankind in di|&s;tre&s;s.</P>
<P>God generally gives a Ble&s;&s;ing to proper means, it not being u&s;ual for him to work Miracles every day. He teaches the Plowman how to plow his Ground, and the Seed&s;man to &s;owe his Seed; but the Plowman, in&s;tead of a Plow, mu&s;t not u&s;e a Harrow; nei|ther mu&s;t the Seed&s;man expect to reap Wheat, if he &s;owes Barley: So it is in the practice of Phy&s;ick, he that ex|pects &s;ucce&s;s in his Practice, mu&s;t fir&s;t
<PB REF="6"> endeavour rightly to know the Cau&s;es of Di&s;ea&s;es, and then to u&s;e fit Re|medies, and after that, the Event mu&s;t be left to the Ble&s;&s;ing of the Al|mighty.</P>
<P>The Plowman may plow his ground aright, and the Seed&s;man &s;owe his Seed in due &s;ea&s;on, and after all is done they may reap no Crop: &s;o the Phy&s;ician may have an exact know|ledge of the Cau&s;es of Di&s;ea&s;es, and may u&s;e the mo&s;t fit and proper Medi|cines in the World, and yet at la&s;t be fru&s;trated in his Aim: Which ought to &s;hew us what an exact reliance and dependance we &s;hould have upon the Ble&s;&s;ing of God on all our Endeavours, without which, we are like to make but little progre&s;s in any thing.</P>
<P>I tread in an unbeaten Path, and therefore cannot &s;o happily and ea&s;ily arrive at my Journeys end, as if I had had &s;ome body or other before, to have chalked out my way for me.</P>
<P>I hope I &s;hall not by the&s;e my En|deavours, incur the di&s;plea&s;ure of any
<PB REF="6"> one of tho&s;e Phy&s;icians who are of a contrary Judgment to me, they being &s;till left at liberty to u&s;e their own Methods and Alkalious Medicines: For tho we act upon different Principles, our Ends and De&s;igns are the &s;ame, which are the Cure of Di&s;ea&s;es; and if I, after a multitude of Experi|ments, am convinced that <HI>Acids</HI> are not the Cau&s;es of Di&s;ea&s;es, but, on the contrary, that <HI>Alkalies</HI> are, and upon that &s;core am induced to u&s;e <HI>Acids</HI> in all or mo&s;t Di&s;tempers; I don't &s;ee any rea&s;on why People &s;hould reproach me for it, &s;ince I have made no Per&s;onal Reflections upon any one.</P>
<P>As for the Phy&s;icians of our own Nation, I have the highe&s;t Value and E&s;teem for them, having generally found them to be Men of greater Learning, and who under&s;tand the bu|&s;ine&s;s of their Profe&s;&s;ion better than any of the Phy&s;icians I have at all met with abroad.</P>
<P>As for going again to <HI>Flanders</HI> with the Army, I never de&s;ign that any
<PB REF="7"> more, being &s;ufficiently deterred from it, by the ill Treatment I had there la&s;t Year, by the means of &s;ome of my old Friends the Surgeons. And that I may no longer continue at Variance with &s;o great a Body of Men, I have &s;old the Receipt of my Vulnerary Pow|der and Tincture, and all the &s;aid Me|dicines I had by me, to a Gentleman who is better able to di&s;po&s;e of them for the Publick Good of Mankind than I could; and therefore &s;hall for the future wholly apply my &s;elf to my Practice of Phy&s;ick, in which if I have Succe&s;s (which I doubt not) I &s;hall have bu&s;ine&s;s, maugre all my Enemies Malice.</P>
<CLOSER><DATELINE><HI>From my Hou&s;e in</HI> Villars-&s;treet, York-Buildings <HI>in the</HI> Strand, <DATE><HI>Mar. 25^t^h^.</HI> 1696.</DATE></DATELINE></CLOSER>
</DIV1>
</FRONT>
<BODY>
<DIV1 TYPE="text">
<PB N="1" REF="7">
<HEAD>Some further CONSIDERATIONS Concerning <HI>Alkaly</HI> and <HI>Acid,</HI> &amp;c.</HEAD>
<P>I Thought to have &s;aid no more upon this Subject, until the Publication of my Hi&s;tory of Human Blood: But I finding that to be a thing of greater difficulty, and that a much greater Num|ber of Experiments than I at fir&s;t thought of, will be ne|ce&s;&s;ary to make that Hi&s;tory
<PB N="2" REF="8"> compleat in all its Parts; by which means it will be &s;ome|thing longer than I at fir&s;t in|tended, before that Piece ap|pears in the world: There|fore I have thought fit,</P>
<P><HI>Fir&s;t,</HI> To explain the Terms, or what is meant by <HI>Alkaly,</HI> and what by <HI>Acid;</HI> which I find very many people, who are not Phy&s;icians, are in great mea&s;ure ignorant of.</P>
<P><HI>Secondly,</HI> To explain the Na|ture of them &s;omewhat more fully and clearly than I have yet done.</P>
<P><HI>Thirdly</HI> and <HI>La&s;tly,</HI> To an|&s;wer the Objections that have been rai&s;ed again&s;t &s;ome parti|cular things contained in my E&s;&s;ay.</P>
<PB N="3" REF="8">
<P> All which Heads I &s;hall han|dle with as much Brevity and Per&s;picuity as po&s;&s;ibly I can; omitting the more full Pro&s;ecu|tion of them, till the Publi|cation of my Hi&s;tory of Hu|man Blood, which, I hope, will be ready for the Pre&s;s a|bout the Month of <HI>June.</HI></P>
<P>I &s;hall make bold to declare, That I have not Publi&s;hed this Doctrine of <HI>Alkaly</HI> and <HI>Acid,</HI> out of any de&s;ign of appearing &s;ingular, or being the Head of a Faction, but out of mere Pi|ty and Compa&s;&s;ion to Man|kind, my Fellow-Creatures, who&s;e deplorable Circum&s;tan|ces under Mi&s;taken Methods, I have long bewailed; to &s;ee Phy&s;ick made the Scene of
<PB N="4" REF="9"> Slaughter, and &s;o many mi&s;e|rable Mortals (the helple&s;s Sick) &s;ent daily to their La&s;t Homes, as Victims to Error and Ignorance: Whil&s;t the Learned Pre&s;criber jogs on in his old mi&s;taken Alkalious Road; not dreaming (as the Wi&s;e-Man &s;ays) <HI>that Death is there, and that his Portion</HI> (I mean the Patient's) <HI>is with the Worms.</HI></P>
<P>But that I may return to my Bu&s;ine&s;s.</P>
<P><HI>Fir&s;t,</HI> To explain the Terms, or what is meant by <HI>Alkaly,</HI> and what by <HI>Acid.</HI></P>
<P><HI>Alkaly</HI> derives its Name from the Herb <HI>Kaly,</HI> from the A&s;hes of which Herb is extract|ed a large quantity of Salt,
<PB N="5" REF="9"> which by the <HI>Venetians</HI> and o|thers is much u&s;ed in the ma|king of Soap and Gla&s;s; and this Salt they call <HI>Sal Kaly,</HI> and by leaving out the <HI>S Alkaly.</HI> Now the A&s;hes of all or mo&s;t Vegetables affording a Salt of the &s;ame nature with the A&s;hes of the Herb <HI>Kaly,</HI> therefore all Lixivial Salts are equivocally called <HI>Alkalies,</HI> and all other things of the &s;ame nature, whether manife&s;tly Saline or not, <HI>Alkalies;</HI> &s;uch are Ar&s;nick, and all the Te&s;tacea, as Pearl, Coral, Crabs-Eyes, Oy&s;ter-Shells, <HI>&amp;c.;</HI> and all Urinous Spirits and Salts, &s;uch as Spirit and Salt of Blood, Urine, Harts-horn, <HI>&amp;c.</HI> And &s;ome think, that of the&s;e <HI>Alkalies</HI>
<PB N="6" REF="10"> are made the famous White Powder, &s;o much talk'd of, which kills without a Bounce, and murthers without making a Noi&s;e.</P>
<P><HI>Acid,</HI> I &s;uppo&s;e, did fir&s;t derive its name from <HI>Acaid,</HI> an <HI>Arabian</HI> Word for <HI>Acetum,</HI> Vi|negar, which is the mo&s;t com|mon and known Acid; and therefore all things of the &s;ame Ta&s;te and Nature with Vine|gar, <HI>Acids;</HI> &s;uch are the Jui|ces of mo&s;t Fruits and Plants in their Natural &s;tate, and unfer|mented; though all fermented Vegetable Juices do after fer|mentation retain &s;omething of their pri&s;tine Acidity, though not in &s;o eminent a degree: But every body knows that all
<PB N="7" REF="10"> fermented Juices, &s;uch as all &s;orts of Wine, Ale, Beer, <HI>&amp;c.</HI> let them be pre&s;erved with ne|ver &s;o much care, will at la&s;t return to their pri&s;tine &s;tate of Acidity. All Metaline Sul|phurs ate to be ranged among&s;t the Number of Acids, they being nothing but a Conge&s;tion of Acid Particles. I may likewi&s;e without pre&s;umption reckon all &s;orts of Bal&s;oms and Pinquedinous and Oleaginous Sub&s;tances, among&s;t the num|ber of Acids; by rea&s;on that in the mo&s;t bare and &s;imple Di|&s;tillation, they afford large quantities of Acid Sub&s;tances, but nothing that is Alkalious. Bread al&s;o, that is, not without rea&s;on accounted the Staff of
<PB N="8" REF="11"> Life, affords al&s;o by Di&s;tilla|tion a large quantity of an Acid Sub&s;tance, which is no de&s;pi|cable Men&s;truum. Sugar, which though in its Ta&s;te &s;eems to be nothing le&s;s than an Acid, yet by a Philo&s;ophical Management appears to be no|thing el&s;e but a Conge&s;tion of Acid Particles.</P>
<P>Thus for the pre&s;ent I think I have given a &s;ufficient ac|count of what I mean by <HI>Al|kaly,</HI> and what by <HI>Acid;</HI> and al&s;o what things are to be ac|counted <HI>Alkalies,</HI> and what <HI>Acids.</HI></P>
<P>There are &s;ome things which &s;eem to be of a mixt na|ture between Alkaly and Acid, which things we call Neutrals.
<PB N="9" REF="11"> Now tho&s;e things of this Tribe which afford by much a greater quantity of Acid Sub&s;tances than Alkalious ones, I &s;tick not to call <HI>Acids,</HI> becau&s;e the Acid predominates; and tho&s;e that afford by much a greater quantity of Alkalious than A|cid Sub&s;tances, I call <HI>Alkalies.</HI> Though in a more &s;trict &s;en&s;e they de&s;erve rather to be called either Sub-Acid Alkalies, or Sub-Alkaline Acids, according as either the one or the other predominates.</P>
<P>I &s;hall now proceed to my <HI>Second</HI> thing, which is, To ex|plain the Nature of Alkalies and Acids more fully and clearly than I have yet done.</P>
<PB N="10" REF="12">
<P> For the well Performance of which Task, I &s;hall compare the Operation of them both upon Human Bodies, both in|ternally taken, and externally applied.</P>
<P>I &s;hall begin with <HI>Sal Kaly,</HI> which is the Standard of Alka|lies, and compare that with Vinegar the Standard of Acids.</P>
<P><HI>Sal Kaly,</HI> and &s;o all Lixivi|ous, Vegetable Salts, as Salt of Wormwood, <HI>&amp;c.</HI> being ap|plied outwardly to the bare Skin, &s;corcheth and burneth the &s;ame, all one as if a Red Hot Iron were actually applied to it, cau&s;ing an E&s;car, which falling off, an Ulcer follows: Nay, indeed there is &s;carce any other Cau&s;tick u&s;ed, than
<PB N="11" REF="12"> a Lixivium of <HI>Sal Kaly,</HI> which is what the Chyrurgeons call Capital or Strong Soap-Lees, evaporated to Drine&s;s. The &s;ame being taken inwardly, without being greatly diluted by &s;ome Aqueous Vehicle, in mo&s;t people cau&s;eth enormous Vomitings, which I my &s;elf have formerly experienced; and if it be never &s;o much di|luted, if it doth not excite Vo|mitings, it rarely fails of either depraving, palling, or totally de&s;troying the Appetite: Be|&s;ides, being conveyed into the Blood, by breaking its Glo|bules and &s;poiling of its Tex|ture, it cau&s;eth either Scor|butes, Rheumati&s;ms, Sciatica's, Con&s;umptions, Gout, Pal&s;ies,
<PB N="12" REF="13"> or &s;ome other of the fatal Tribe of Chronical Di&s;ea&s;es.</P>
<P>Now I have &s;hewn what <HI>Sal Kaly,</HI> and the re&s;t of the Tribe of Vegetable Lixivious Salts will do; in the next place let's &s;ee what effects even com|mon plain Vinegar, which is the &s;tandard of Acids, will have, being externally u&s;ed, and internally taken.</P>
<P>It is well known, that Vine|gar being externally applied, is of extraordinary u&s;e in a great many &s;orts of Inflamations, of &s;ingular u&s;e in an <HI>Eri&s;ipelas,</HI> or St. <HI>Anthony</HI>'s Fire. Cloaths being dipp'd in it, and applied to the Forehead and Temples, to the Wri&s;ts, the Stomach, and bottoms of the Feet, I have ex|perimentally
<PB N="13" REF="13"> found to be of ex|traordinary u&s;e in &s;ome very burning Feavers: I have like|wi&s;e my &s;elf (before I had found out a more certain Re|medy) &s;ometimes made u&s;e of it with good &s;ucce&s;s in great Bleedings at the No&s;e, by dip|ping a Spunge in good &s;trong Vinegar, and applying it to the Scrotum. I have al&s;o known it with good &s;ucce&s;s to have been made u&s;e of by poor people, in &s;tinking old Ulcers. From all which it ap|pears, that being externally applied, it's no Cau&s;tick, and will make no Ulcer, but on the contrary, will cure Ulcers, ea&s;e Pain, <HI>&amp;c.</HI></P>
<PB N="14" REF="14">
<P> Now we have &s;een &s;ome of its good Effects, being exter|nally applied; let's &s;ee what it will do being internally taken.</P>
<P>In the fir&s;t place I &s;hall men|tion an Account given of it by the Ingenious Dr. <HI>Baynard:</HI> He &s;ays that he was called in to a Per&s;on who had a Total Sup|pre&s;&s;ion of Urine, under which he had laboured &s;ome con&s;ide|rable time, and that &s;everal things had in vain been given him; he immediately gave him a large Draught of Vine|gar, which &s;oon made him to Pi&s;s freely; and by repeating of it two or three times, he was perfectly freed from his In|di&s;po&s;ition. The Doctor has given an account of this in one
<PB N="15" REF="14"> of the Philo&s;ophical Tran&s;acti|ons; but I have not read it, neither have I time at pre&s;ent to look over tho&s;e Papers. I think al&s;o he has told me, that the &s;ame thing he has done with the &s;ame plain Medicine two or three times. He like|wi&s;e gave me &s;everal In&s;tances of many Per&s;ons in mo&s;t vio|lent Fevers, who have been pre&s;ently cured by drinking large Draughts of <HI>Atterpool</HI> Wa|ter well acidulated.</P>
<P>I am al&s;o mo&s;t creditably in|form'd, That Dr. <HI>Bently,</HI> a late famous Phy&s;ician in <HI>Che|&s;hire,</HI> who lived to almo&s;t a Hundred Years of Age, had &s;uch wonderful Succe&s;s in Fe|vers, that he acquir'd the Name
<PB N="16" REF="15"> of the <HI>Feaver-Doctor,</HI> and that his Medicine was nothing el&s;e but the Decoction of a certain Herb well acidulated with the Spirit of&mdash;; a Noble Acid, which I am obliged not to re|veal.</P>
<P>A Worthy Lady, who&s;e Name I mu&s;t not mention, has a&s;&s;ured me, That &s;he has brought in the u&s;e of Vinegar or Verjuice Po&s;&s;et-drink, a|mong&s;t her poor Neighbours in the Countrey where &s;he lives, in the Small-Pox; and where that has been u&s;ed from the be|ginning, &s;he has &s;carce ob&s;erv'd any one to dye or be disfigur'd; which is agreeable to what I ob&s;erve in my E&s;&s;ay, <HI>p.</HI> 24.</P>
<PB N="17" REF="15">
<P> I have likewi&s;e frequently ob&s;erved, that three or four Spoonfuls of Vinegar, will immediately check the mo&s;t violent Vomitings, occa&s;ioned by the taking of &s;ome har&s;h Antimonial Medicines.</P>
<P>A great many other good qualities hath &s;imple Vinegar internally taken, and external|ly applied (be&s;ides its being a good Men&s;truum) that I think not fit here to enumerate.</P>
<P>The next thing I &s;hall do will be to compare <HI>Ar&s;nick,</HI> as the highe&s;t and mo&s;t exalted <HI>Alkaly,</HI> with <HI>Oyl of Vitriol,</HI> the mo&s;t exalted <HI>Acid.</HI></P>
<P>As for the external u&s;e of <HI>Ar&s;nick,</HI> I know nothing of it
<PB N="18" REF="16"> experimentally; but it being a thing of that pernicious con|&s;equence internally taken, I &s;uppo&s;e it can have no very friendly operation externally applied.</P>
<P>Internally taken, it cau&s;eth the mo&s;t enormous Vomitings and Convul&s;ions of the Sto|mach, Cold Sweats, Palpita|tions of the Heart, Swoonings, mo&s;t violent Thir&s;t, and in ge|neral, &s;eems to be a direct Ene|my to Life, which in a &s;hort time it fails not to de&s;troy. All which effects it will not fail to have, given in never &s;o &s;mall a quantity. And all tho&s;e peo|ple who have been &s;o vain as to pretend to correct the Poy|&s;onous Venomous Quality of
<PB N="19" REF="16"> <HI>Ar&s;nick,</HI> &s;o as to convert it into a good and &s;afe Medicine, have attempted it only by the means of <HI>Acid</HI> Salts, &s;uch as Sea-Salt, Nitre, Tartar, Vitri|ol, <HI>&amp;c.</HI> wherein I cannot tell whether any man hath yet been &s;o happy as to &s;ucceed.</P>
<P>To prove <HI>Ar&s;nick</HI> to be an <HI>Alkaly,</HI> and as &s;uch is the Cau&s;e of all tho&s;e dreadful Symptoms that attend tho&s;e people who are &s;o unhappy as to take it, I &s;hall in&s;ert a Relation made to me by Mr. <HI>Payne</HI> an Apo|thecary of <HI>Brandford,</HI> on <HI>Satur|day,</HI> Feb. 16. which was as fol|lows:</P>
<P>A certain Young Woman of <HI>Brandford</HI> having taken a very
<PB N="20" REF="17"> large quantity of <HI>Ar&s;nick</HI> (as he told me, an Ounce) &s;he was immediately attended with all the mo&s;t violent Symptoms imaginable; upon which Dr. <HI>Morris</HI> was called in, who gave her large Quantities of Sallad Oyl, the u&s;ual Remedy, with|out in the lea&s;t abating the Symptoms: Upon which he ordered them to procure a large quantity of Lemmons, and to pre&s;s the Juice out of them, of which Juice he plentifully gave her, which &s;oon took off and abated tho&s;e imminent and direful Symptoms which inevi|tably threaten'd Death; though the Operation of the <HI>Acid</HI> might be &s;omewhat impeded, through the quantity of Oyl &s;he had taken before.</P>
<PB N="21" REF="17">
<P> But to return to my Bu&s;i|ne&s;s, which is to &s;ee what are the Effects of <HI>Oyl of Vitriol.</HI></P>
<P>I confe&s;s the Acid Particles of <HI>Oyl of Vitriol</HI> are &s;o concen|trated, as to make it unfit to be externally applied, or inter|nally taken, of it &s;elf; but being diluted in any proper Vehicle, is a Medicine &s;econd to none that I know of. A few Drops in Canary, given to the young|e&s;t Children who are troubled with Worms, &s;eldom or never fails of having the de&s;ired ef|fect. It being mixed with Honey of Ro&s;es, is one of the be&s;t Medicines that perhaps is known, for the Scurvy in the Gums, breeding Fle&s;h where it it is wanting, and fa&s;tening the
<PB N="22" REF="18"> Teeth. Being mixed with Spring-Water and Brandy, of each equal parts, to a mode|rate Acidity, is no de&s;picable Medicine in giving ea&s;e in the mo&s;t Tormenting Pains of the Gout, the Part being foment|ed with it Night and Morning. I may be almo&s;t po&s;itive, that the Medicine u&s;ed by the Inge|nious <HI>Swi&s;s</HI> Gentlemen who now re&s;ide in this City, and are become &s;o de&s;ervedly fa|mous, particularly for the Cure of Sir <HI>Robert Howard,</HI> is no|thing el&s;e but a Mixture of <HI>Oyl of Vitriol</HI> with a certain Oleagi|nous Body, in due proportion. The &s;ame Medicine is al&s;o u&s;ed and &s;old by Mr. <HI>Fi&s;her,</HI> Chy|rurgeon in <HI>Alder&s;gate-&s;treet:</HI>
<PB N="23" REF="18"> Which Medicine rarely fails gi|ving immediate Ea&s;e in the mo&s;t Tormenting Pains of the Gout. Which is a Confirma|tion of the Truth of what I have &s;aid in my E&s;&s;ay concern|ing the Gout, wherein I a&s;&s;ert, that it is not from any Acidity in the Blood that the Gout is occa&s;ioned, but from Particles of a quite contrary nature, <HI>(viz.)</HI> Alkalious ones; as plain|ly and evidently appears by Analyzing the Chalky Sub|&s;tance contained in the Nodes.</P>
<P>A better general Medicine than <HI>Oyl of Vitriol</HI> is &s;carce known in mo&s;t continued Fe|vers, any &s;mall Liquors, as Barley-Water, Small-Beer, <HI>&amp;c.</HI>
<PB N="24" REF="19"> being well impregnated with it, and drank freely.</P>
<P>The following Mixture is a very noble Medicine in that painful Di&s;temper the Stone in the Kidneys.</P>
<Q><P>Take of Oyl of Bitter-Almonds one Ounce, Oyl of Vitriol Two Drams, Oyl of Sa&s;&s;a|fras a Scruple, mix them very well, then add Spirit of Wine rectified three Oun|ces, dige&s;t two or three days in a gentle heat. The Do&s;e is a &s;mall Sweetmeat Spoon|ful in Old-Hock, or Infu|&s;ion of Juniper-Berries, once in four hours during the Paroxi&s;m.</P>
<PB N="25" REF="19">
<P> Given for a Month or Six Weeks in an Infu&s;ion of La|vender Flowers, is an admi|rable Medicine in Epilep|&s;ies.</P></Q>
<P>I could mention a great ma|ny Ca&s;es more in which this Medicine is of &s;ingular u&s;e; but in &s;o doing I &s;hould &s;well this Appendix to too great a bulk.</P>
<P>I &s;hall next compare the Te|&s;tacea, &s;uch as Pearl, Coral, Crabs-Eyes, <HI>&amp;c.</HI> with natural Bal&s;oms and Gums, &s;uch as Balm of <HI>Gilead, Tolu, Peru,</HI> &amp;c. <HI>Gum Ammoniacum, Galbanum,</HI> &amp;c.</P>
<P>As for Pearl, Coral, and Crabs Eyes, I know not that they are of any u&s;e at all, being
<PB N="26" REF="20"> externally applied; and being internally taken, no body that I know of pretends that they are u&s;eful any further than to ab&s;orbe the Acidity of the Sto|mach, where people labour under any Indi&s;po&s;ition that is attended with an Acidity there. But they are &s;o far from being u&s;eful in that ca&s;e, that I have &s;carce known them u&s;eful to any one that has taken them upon that &s;core: And in any other ca&s;e they have not the lea&s;t &s;hew of being at all u&s;e|ful, but frequently do a great deal of mi&s;chief, as I have ob|&s;erved in my E&s;&s;ay upon the Small-Pox, <HI>&amp;c.</HI></P>
<P>Here give me leave to men|tion a &s;hort Ca&s;e related to me
<PB N="27" REF="20"> by my worthy Friend Dr. <HI>Bay|nard,</HI> pertinent to this place.</P>
<P>A Merchant's Wife of &s;ome Eminence in the City of <HI>Bri|&s;tol,</HI> labouring under a decayed Stomach, was reduced to &s;uch Weakne&s;s as not able to go, vomiting all &s;he took: Her Phy&s;icians &s;uppo&s;ing her Blood abounded with Acids, had from time to time loaded her weak Stomach with the whole Reti|nue of the Alkalious Kingdom, keeping their old Circle, from the Te&s;tacea to the Volatile Alkalies, and from thence to the Te&s;tacea again; and at la&s;t &s;he was perfectly cured with &s;ome few Do&s;es of the <HI>Gas Sulphuris,</HI> given in the <HI>Bath-</HI>Waters
<PB N="28" REF="21"> cold, twice or thrice a day.</P>
<P>As for Bal&s;ams, if I &s;hould take upon me to de&s;cribe their Excellencies, it would be more fit for a large Volume than to take any room in the Appendix to a &s;mall E&s;&s;ay. What a No|ble Medicine is Balm of <HI>Gi|lead</HI> in many ca&s;es? The Ex|cellency of which is &s;uch, that God by the mouth of an In&s;pi|red Writer, by way of Allu&s;i|on, when his people were in a calamitous Condition, cries out, <HI>Is there no Balm in Gilead? Are there no Phy&s;icians there</HI> (to ap|ply it)? <HI>Why then is not the wound of the daughter of my peo|ple healed?</HI> What a Noble Me|dicine is Ammoniacum in the
<PB N="29" REF="21"> mo&s;t deplorable A&s;tma's? the Spirit di&s;tilled from which, and an equal quantity of Verdi|grea&s;e, in a naked Fire, I be|lieve to be as Noble a Medi|cine as ever was u&s;ed; nay, all the Gums and Bal&s;ams freed from their Ramous, Vi&s;cous parts by Di&s;tillation, become much better Medicines than when they are in their Natural &s;tate.</P>
<P>I &s;hall &s;ay no more of Bal|&s;ams, for fear I outrun my bounds; but &s;hall proceed to an&s;wer &s;ome Objections rai&s;ed again&s;t what I have &s;aid in &s;ome parts of my E&s;&s;ay.</P>
<MILESTONE N="1" UNIT="objection">
<P><HI>Object.</HI> 1. You &s;ay that the Scurvey is occa&s;ioned by too
<PB N="30" REF="22"> great a quantity of <HI>Alkalious</HI> Particles in the Blood, and is only cured by <HI>Acids.</HI> How comes it to pa&s;s that tho&s;e peo|ple that live upon nothing al|mo&s;t but highly-&s;alted Meat, are more troubled with the Scurvey than other people, when you own Sea-Salt to be an <HI>Acid?</HI></P>
<P><HI>An&s;wer.</HI> I own that Seamen and People who live by the Sea &s;ide in Mar&s;hy Grounds, who for the mo&s;t part live up|on Salt Meat and Fi&s;h, are more troubled with the Scurvey than other people: But this does not proceed from their eating a larger quantity of Salt than other people, but from their eating more Fle&s;h and Fi&s;h
<PB N="31" REF="22"> than other people do, which abound with <HI>Alkalious</HI> Particles, and from the moi&s;tne&s;s of the Air about them, which hin|ders their free Per&s;piration. As for the Sea-Salt which is in great quantities mix'd with their Food, that is all or mo&s;t part of it &s;oon carried off by Urine, and with it &s;ome of the Alkalious ones al&s;o, and there|by framing an Armoniack Salt, which it is well known the Urine of &s;uch Per&s;ons abounds with: Now what we call <HI>Sal Armoniac,</HI> is only a mixture of Volatile <HI>Alkaly</HI> and Sea-Salt. But the Pores being &s;hut by rea&s;on of the moi&s;ture of the Ambient Air, the Volatile <HI>Al|kaly</HI> which &s;hould be di&s;charged
<PB N="32" REF="23"> either by in&s;en&s;ible Tran&s;pira|tion or Sweating, being pent in, cau&s;es all the Symptoms complained of by tho&s;e Per|&s;ons. To confirm the truth of which, it is well known, that Seamen at Sea, or tho&s;e people who live in Mar&s;hy Grounds, will &s;carce be made to Sweat by the mo&s;t violent Labour. Now all people who have been &s;o curious as to ta&s;te Sweat, do very well know, that it hath an <HI>Alkalious,</HI> and not an <HI>Acid</HI> Ta&s;te; &s;o that Sweat|ing or free Tran&s;piration being hindered, the Blood mu&s;t ne|ce&s;&s;arily abound with too great a quantity of <HI>Alkalious</HI> Particles; all tho&s;e that &s;hould have been di&s;charged by the Cutaneous
<PB N="33" REF="23"> Glands, being kept in it. And &s;o I hope this Objection is an|&s;wered.</P>
<MILESTONE N="2" UNIT="objection">
<P><HI>Object.</HI> 2. In your E&s;&s;ay, <HI>Page</HI> 80. you do allow that <HI>Acids</HI> in &s;ome Di&s;tempets do exorbitantly abound in the Sto|mach: Now how comes it to pa&s;s, that there being &s;o great a quantity of <HI>Acid</HI> in the Sto|mach, that the Blood and other Juices &s;hould be de&s;titute of Acidity; there being no other way to convey any thing into the Blood or Juices, but through the Stomach; and therefore whatever the Stomach abounds with, one would think mu&s;t nece&s;&s;arily be imparted to the Blood and other Juices?</P>
<PB N="34" REF="24">
<P> <HI>An&s;w.</HI> I have before ob&s;er|ved, <HI>Nov. Lum. Chyr.</HI> pag. 3, 4. That there is no Innate Fer|ment in the Stomach, but that the Men&s;truum made u&s;e of to di&s;&s;olve our Food, and to turn it into a Nutritious Juice, is the Liquor that by chewing of our Meat is &s;queezed out of the Glands of the Mouth, and parts adjacent, which by nu|merous Experiments does ap|pear to be an <HI>Acid.</HI> Nay, all or mo&s;t of the Noble Men|&s;truums I know of, either in the Animal, Vegetable, or Mi|neral Kingdoms, are <HI>Acids.</HI> Now the Food being conveyed into the Stomach, and mixed with the Volatile <HI>Acid</HI> Liquor of the Glands of the Mouth,
<PB N="35" REF="24"> is by the means of the &s;aid Vo|latile <HI>Acid</HI> Liquor di&s;&s;olved, and turned into a Sub&s;tance fit for the Nutrition of our Bo|dies; a &s;tate of Health being &s;uppo&s;ed.</P>
<P>It is very well known, that few people are troubled with an Acidity in their Stomachs, but tho&s;e who u&s;e very little exerci&s;e, or who&s;e Bu&s;ine&s;s di&s;po&s;es them to a Sedentary Life, and by this means the Chyle when made, for want of Motion and Exerci&s;e, the Fi|bres of the Stomach al&s;o ha|ving lo&s;t their Tone, and be|come laxe, is not &s;oon enough carried out of the Stomach, and lying there too long, the great|e&s;t part of it is turned into a
<PB N="36" REF="25"> Sub&s;tance like unto the Ferment which at fir&s;t di&s;&s;olved it: All people who know the nature of Ferments, will readily e|nough agree with me in this, That it is the nature of them to endeavour the Change of tho&s;e things they are mixed with, in|to their own nature.</P>
<MILESTONE N="3" UNIT="objection">
<P><HI>Object.</HI> 3. But &s;ome will &s;ay, We can agree with you in what you have &s;aid hitherto; but how will you do to clear your &s;elf of your own &s;eeming Ob|jection, which is, That this <HI>Acid</HI> Sub&s;tance &s;hall be kept from being conveyed into the Blood, and &s;o being the only Cau&s;e of many Di&s;ea&s;es?</P>
<PB N="37" REF="25">
<P> <HI>An&s;w.</HI> I have always ob&s;er|ved, That tho&s;e people who complain of an extraordinary Acidity in their Stomach,</P>
<LIST>
<ITEM>Fir&s;t, They make Water often, and in large quantities.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Secondly, They are very Lean. And</ITEM>
<ITEM>Thirdly, They are (for the mo&s;t part) very Co&s;tive.</ITEM>
</LIST>
<P>All which Symptoms I &s;hall endeavour to prove are occa|&s;ioned for want of the <HI>Acid</HI> Sub&s;tance contained in the Sto|mach, being conveyed into the Blood.</P>
<P>As for the fir&s;t Head, Why people who complain of an Acidity in their Stomachs, make more Water than tho&s;e who are de&s;titute of it; the
<PB N="38" REF="26"> Rea&s;on I judge to be as fol|lows:</P>
<P>The &s;olid Food they eat, in|&s;tead of being converted into a Vi&s;cid, White Liquor, we call Chyle only, by means of too great a quantity of <HI>Acid</HI> is over-attenuated, and converted into a Thin Limpid Sub&s;tance, and that in a &s;hort time; which Thin Sub&s;tance, by means of the Liver pre&s;&s;ing up|on the Stomach, in&s;tead of pa&s;|&s;ing into the Small Guts through the <HI>Pylorus,</HI> is &s;queezed into certain Ve&s;&s;els which pa&s;s from the bottom of the Stomach to the Kidneys, and &s;o is carried off by Urine.</P>
<P>To prove that there are &s;uch Ve&s;&s;els which pa&s;s immediately
<PB N="39" REF="26"> from the bottom of the Sto|mach to the Kidneys, I &s;hall tran&s;cribe a Pa&s;&s;age out of <HI>Do|leus</HI>'s <HI>Encyclopedia Med.</HI> pag. 359, 360. &s;peaking of the parts af|fected in the Drop&s;y.</P>
<P>I &s;uppo&s;e (&s;ays he) that Liquid Sub&s;tances may be con|veyed from the Stomach through the <HI>Omentum</HI> or Cawl, to the Kidneys; hence it is tho&s;e Animals who have no Cawl, make no Water, as may be &s;een in Birds and Fi&s;hes. For the Confirmation of which Opinion, I have di&s;&s;ected ma|ny Animals, always taking care before the Operation to gorge them with large quanti|ties of clear Water, afterwards have di&s;&s;ected them alive: I
<PB N="40" REF="27"> have found the Stomach as yet di&s;tended with the Water, but pre&s;&s;ing the Ve&s;&s;els of the Cawl which lead towards the Sto|mach, which being covered over with Fat like unto the Milky Veins, were to my no little &s;atisfaction very Turgid: And fora&s;much as in a living Body the Pores of the Sto|mach and other Pa&s;&s;ages are al|ways more open than in dead ones, where all things are flaggy, and fall together, there|fore the &s;aid Tran&s;mutation is not at all to be wonder'd at: And, which is worth taking notice of, in tho&s;e Hydropical People I have opened, I have always found the Cawl either Putrid, Torn, or full of Tu|mors.
<PB N="41" REF="27"> The following Experi|ment has al&s;o much confirmed me in my Opinion, <HI>viz.</HI> That there are Ve&s;&s;els to convey Li|quid Sub&s;tances from the Sto|mach, through the Ve&s;&s;els of the Cawl to the Kidneys: Not long &s;ince, an experienced <HI>Herniotomi&s;t</HI> or Cutter of Rup|tures, of <HI>Hanover,</HI> who&s;e Name was <HI>Wedling,</HI> by Section cured a certain Per&s;on of an Omental Rupture; and becau&s;e a part of the Cawl was al&s;o cut away, the Patient, who is yet alive, does greatly com|plain of a difficulty in making Water; and if at any time he drinks any large quantity, he perceives a very great Weight and Pain about his Stomach,
<PB N="42" REF="28"> and is always loo&s;e; hence, in my conjecture, &s;ome Ve&s;&s;els which carry the Urine right on to the Emulgents, were cut, by which means all the Drink he drank was carried into the <HI>Duodenum,</HI> and &s;o hinders the Fermentation that is there per|formed, and makes all the Fi|bres laxe. From all which may be proved, that all we drink, and of con&s;equence all other Sub&s;tances made very liquid in the Stomach, do not pa&s;s through the Inte&s;tines to the Lacteal Veins, and from thence through the Thoractuck Duct to the Heart, becau&s;e the <HI>Pylorus</HI> is reflex to the Stomach, le&s;t the Liquid Sub&s;tances con|tained in it &s;hould &s;lide out:
<PB N="43" REF="28"> It is therefore certain that Li|quid Sub&s;tances lying at the bottom of the Stomach, do pa&s;s through it in that part which is joined to the Cawl; and if the&s;e Ve&s;&s;els, or the Cawl it &s;elf are either lacerated, broken, putrified, or ob&s;tructed with Oedematous Tumors, it nece&s;&s;arily follows that the Li|quid Sub&s;tances contained in the Stomach mu&s;t be let fall in|to the Cavity of the <HI>Abdomen,</HI> and &s;o a Drop&s;y is cau&s;ed. But being free from any &s;uch di&s;|order, Liquid Sub&s;tances mu&s;t freely pa&s;s through them to the Kidneys, and &s;o to the Bladder. I could cite other Authorities, be&s;ides my own Ob&s;ervations, as Sir <HI>George Ent, Charlton,</HI>
<PB N="44" REF="29"> <HI>Wald&s;miedght,</HI> &amp;c. but this one is, I think, &s;ufficient.</P>
<P>From this Doctrine may ve|ry great Con&s;olation be afford|ed to People labouring under the Stone in the Kidneys and Bladder; and Indu&s;trious Phy|&s;icians need not de&s;pair of find|ing out &s;uch Medicines as will Di&s;&s;olve or Break to pieces Stones contained in either of tho&s;e parts. One great rea&s;on I verily believe that has hindred Per&s;ons from making diligent &s;earch after &s;uch Medicines, has been from a &s;uppo&s;ition, that &s;carce any Medicine could retain its Virtue, but mu&s;t be in great mea&s;ure or altogether de|&s;troyed by the many Alterati|ons it mu&s;t undergo, according
<PB N="45" REF="29"> to the ordinary Laws of Cir|cumlocution; but were they fully &s;atisfied (as there is no rea&s;on to the contrary) of this nearer Cut, I &s;uppo&s;e people would not think the di&s;&s;olving Stones in the Kidneys and Blad|der, &s;o difficult a Task as it hath hitherto been thought to be.</P>
<P>To prove the Exi&s;tence of the fore&s;aid Pa&s;&s;ages for Fluid Sub&s;tances from the Stomach, through the Ve&s;&s;els of the Cawl to the Kidneys, and that Medicines may pa&s;s unalter'd to the Kidneys and Bladder, I &s;hall in&s;ert a Couple of Ca&s;es.</P>
<P>One Mr. <HI>Bradford,</HI> an Emi|nent Trade&s;man of <HI>Worce&s;ter,</HI> &s;ent to me one Afternoon, de|&s;iring me to make all po&s;&s;ible
<PB N="46" REF="30"> ha&s;te, for that he was upon the Wrack: When I came to him, I found him in a mo&s;t dreadful condition, he not having made Water of two Days, and &s;uch an intolerable Pain in his Back, that he was not able to &s;upport him&s;elf under it. I pre&s;ently gave him &s;ome Medicines, or|dering him to take them in large quantities once in half an hour: In an hour and half's time, at furthe&s;t, he &s;ent to me to acquaint me that he was well, and at ea&s;e, having pi&s;s'd two large Chamber-Pots full, which held at lea&s;t Two Quarts apiece, and in the fir&s;t Pot-full above Two Large Spoonfuls of &s;mall pieces of broken Stones. He &s;everal
<PB N="47" REF="30"> times &s;ince, occa&s;ioned by hard Drinking, has been under the &s;ame Circum&s;tances, and upon taking the &s;ame Medicines has found immediate Relief. Now had the&s;e Medicines been con|veyed from the Stomach to the Small Guts, and from thence by the Lacteal Ve&s;&s;els, the common Receptacle of the Chyle in the Me&s;entery, and &s;o on to the Blood, and from thence be &s;eparated by degrees in the Kidneys, as it is brought there by the Emulgent Arteries, it had been altogether impo&s;&s;i|ble that the Effect could have been &s;o &s;udden, and that the Medicines &s;hould not have been greatly altered, or totally de&s;troyed, by the many changes
<PB N="48" REF="31"> they mu&s;t have undergone be|fore they could come to the Part affected. But by the way I have been &s;peaking of, the Medicines might all of them, and that without being in the lea&s;t impaired in their Virtue, be tran&s;mitted to the Part af|fected, and &s;o perform their Operations in breaking to pieces the Stone or Stones they met with, either in the Kidneys or Bladder.</P>
<P>Mrs. <HI>Wheatly,</HI> a Gla&s;ier's Wife without <HI>Smithfield-Bars,</HI> had a long time been afflicted with the Stone in the Bladder, and for about Nine Months had confined her &s;elf to her Chamber, the Mi&s;ery &s;he un|derwent being &s;uch, that made
<PB N="49" REF="31"> her altogether uncapable of any bu&s;ine&s;s; and of ever be|ing delivered &s;he was perfectly in de&s;pair, all common means having in vain been u&s;ed; at la&s;t by &s;ome means or other &s;he was prevailed with to &s;end for me: When I came to her, &s;he gave me a mo&s;t lamentable Account of her Ca&s;e; and al|though I gave her all the En|couragement imaginable, yet all that I could &s;ay, made but little impre&s;&s;ion upon her, &s;he &s;uppo&s;ing her Condition to be &s;o deplorable, that to expect deliverance was vanity in the highe&s;t degree: However, &s;he was at la&s;t prevailed upon to try what I could do for her: I began to give her &s;ome Medi|cines,
<PB N="50" REF="32"> which &s;he took in large quantities, and repeated them once in four hours: It was upon a <HI>Monday</HI> morning &s;he began to take them, and on the <HI>Wedne&s;day</HI> night next following I exami|ned her Water, and found &s;ome &s;mall ragged Pieces of Stone in it; and ta&s;ting the Water, I could di&s;cern the Ta&s;te of the Medicines, which were <HI>Salino-Sulphureous</HI> ones, to be as vigo|rous altogether, as they were before &s;he had taken them into her Mouth, and not, as I could di&s;cern, in the lea&s;t altered in their ta&s;te. On the Morrow Morning, being <HI>Thur&s;day,</HI> by Five a Clock &s;he &s;ent her Maid-Servant to me, to my Hou&s;e in St. <HI>Martins-Lane,</HI> to acquaint
<PB N="51" REF="32"> me that &s;he was delivered from her Mi&s;ery, and perfectly well. About Eight a Clock I went to vi&s;it her, and found a Stone that &s;he had voided with little Pain, the Medicines having acted upon the Sphincter Mu&s;cle of the Neck of the Bladder, and &s;o relaxed it, as to make it give way for the Stone to pa&s;s: The Length of the Stone was an Inch and half and half a quarter; it was Three Inches and a half round one way, and Two Inches and a half another. There were &s;ome &s;mall flaws in it, which were made by tho&s;e little rag|ged pieces which came away the Night before, which I found in the Chamber-Pot.
<PB N="52" REF="33"> The thing was &s;o extraordina|ry, that it came to the Ears of her late Maje&s;ty, who de&s;ired to &s;ee the Stone, which I pro|cured for Her, and &s;he was plea&s;ed to &s;ay, <HI>That it was the mo&s;t Extraordinary Thing She had ever &s;een or heard of, to be brought away without Cutting or In&s;tru|ments.</HI> Any one who doubts the Truth of this Relation, may yet &s;ee the Stone at Mrs. <HI>Wheatly</HI>'s, who carefully pre&s;erves it: The extraordina|ry Veracity and Integrity of the Per&s;on is &s;uch, that I am &s;ure &s;he would not tell an Un|truth to do any man &s;ervice.</P>
<P>I could give &s;everal other In&s;tances of this nature; but the&s;e Two are, I think, &s;uffi|cient,
<PB N="53" REF="33"> and a plain Demon&s;tra|tion that there are Ve&s;&s;els which carry Fluid Sub&s;tances immediately from the Stomach to the Kidneys, without tho&s;e many Circumgyrations that people generally imagine: Nay, I don't que&s;tion but &s;uddenly to make it appear by Ocular De|mon&s;tration; which if I could not do, to people who are not mere Scepticks, Demon&s;trati|ons deduced from reiterated Experiments will be &s;uffi|cient.</P>
<P>I am &s;ure I have a great deal more to &s;ay for the Exi&s;tence of the&s;e Ve&s;&s;els, than any of tho&s;e Learned Gentlemen who a&s;&s;ert the Doctrine of Nutriti|on by the Nerves, have to &s;ay for that.</P>
<PB N="54" REF="34">
<P> The Learned and Ingenious Dr. <HI>Baynard</HI>'s Account he gives of the &s;udden Effects of Vine|gar before-mentioned, in a to|tal Suppre&s;&s;ion of Urine, is al|&s;o a good Argument to evince the Truth of what I have been &s;peaking of. But to proceed to my Second Head, which is,</P>
<P>That tho&s;e people who a|bound with an Acidity in their Stomachs, are generally very Lean.</P>
<P>To prove which Po&s;ition, will be no very difficult Task; for the &s;olid Food they eat (and generally they have good Appetites) which is that which affords mo&s;t Nutrition, being over attenuated, is by that
<PB N="55" REF="34"> means made capable of pa&s;&s;ing through tho&s;e Ve&s;&s;els I have be|fore mentioned (which I &s;hall pre&s;ume to call Urinary Ve&s;|&s;els) the more gro&s;s parts on|ly being conveyed to the Small Guts, which having but few Nutritious Particles in them, can afford but very little Nou|ri&s;hment to the parts; and the parts being de&s;titute of their u&s;ual and nece&s;&s;ary Nouri&s;h|ment, Leanne&s;s of con&s;equence follows.</P>
<P>A &s;ufficient Argument to prove that Leanne&s;s proceeds from the want of a &s;ufficient quantity of <HI>Acid</HI> Sub&s;tances in the Blood, is this: That Fat is nothing el&s;e but a Concrete, produced from the Mixture of
<PB N="56" REF="35"> the <HI>Acid</HI> and <HI>Oily</HI> Parts of the Blood: Now the Blood hath never any <HI>Acid</HI> in it, but when people are in a perfect &s;tate of Health: And when at any time the Blood is de&s;titute of <HI>Acid</HI> Particles, and abounds too much with <HI>Alkalious</HI> ones, (which argues a Morbid &s;tate) as it doth in all tho&s;e people who have too great a quantity of <HI>Acid</HI> in their Stomachs, which upon experiment any man may find to be true, although at fir&s;t &s;ight, I confe&s;s, it looks very like a Paradox. Now the Blood be|ing de&s;titute of <HI>Acid</HI> Particles to coagulate the Oily ones, there can be no fre&s;h production of Fat, and that already generated having its <HI>Acid</HI> Particles morti|fied
<PB N="57" REF="35"> by the great quantity of <HI>Alkalious</HI> ones, pre&s;ently lo&s;eth its con&s;i&s;tence, and is again converted into a thin Oyl, which is &s;oon carried off by &s;ome of the Emunctories, there being nothing in the Blood fit for it to incorporate or mix with; and when the&s;e Oily Fat Particles are gone, then the Corro&s;ive <HI>Alkalious</HI> Par|ticles prey upon the Mu&s;cu|lous, Nervous Fibres, and &s;o cau&s;e general Di&s;orders; at other times when they are in great quantities thrown upon parti|cular parts, according to the nature of the part affected, they cau&s;e different Di&s;ea&s;es: But I don't know any one Di&s;|ea&s;e cau&s;ed by <HI>Acids;</HI> unle&s;s it
<PB N="58" REF="36"> be over-much Fatne&s;s, and what we call the Heart-burn, if they are to be accounted Di&s;ea&s;es; the mo&s;t Healthy People being &s;ubject to the Heart-burn: Tho' the Heart-burn is as often cured by <HI>Acids,</HI> &s;uch as <HI>Ol. Vitriol. Dul.</HI> &amp;c. as by <HI>Alkalies:</HI> From whence I conjecture, that the Heart-burn al&s;o may be occa&s;ioned from the Blood which is brought to the Coats of the Stomach, abounding with too great a quantity of <HI>Alkalious</HI> Corro&s;ive Particles, which may vellicate and contract the part. Having in &s;hort di&s;patch'd this Head, I &s;hall proceed to my Third;</P>
<PB N="59" REF="36">
<P> That tho&s;e who abound with an Acidity in their Sto|machs, are for the mo&s;t part very Co&s;tive.</P>
<P>From the &s;ame rea&s;on that people abounding with an Aci|dity in their Stomachs, are Lean, it is that they are Co|&s;tive al&s;o; the more Thin, Fluid Sub&s;tances, being carried off by the Urinary Ve&s;&s;els, and only the more Gro&s;s ones con|veyed into the Guts, and for want of a &s;ufficient quantity of Moi&s;ture, the Excrements are over-harden'd, and the Guts not &s;ufficiently lubricated; and therefore Co&s;tivene&s;s mu&s;t nece&s;&s;arily follow.</P>
<P>But after all, I fore&s;ee ano|ther Objection will be rai&s;ed;
<PB N="60" REF="37"> and therefore to make every body ea&s;y, I &s;hall lay down the Objection, and endeavour to an&s;wer it.</P>
<MILESTONE UNIT="objection">
<P><HI>Objection:</HI> If the Acidity in the Stomach be the Cau&s;e of the &s;olid Food we eat being over-attenuated, and &s;o the Nutritious Particles being car|ried off by the Urinary Ve&s;&s;els, as in <HI>Atrophies,</HI> &amp;c. without being conveyed into the Blood, to afford Nutrition to the parts; How comes it to pa&s;s that Iron or Steel, which you own to be an <HI>Acid,</HI> can be of any u&s;e? For in&s;tead of being u&s;eful, one would think that by in|crea&s;ing the Acidity, it &s;hould exa&s;perate and increa&s;e the Ma|lady.</P>
<PB N="61" REF="37">
<MILESTONE UNIT="answer">
<P>To which I <HI>An&s;wer:</HI> I have before ob&s;erved, that Iron or Steel cannot be conveyed into the Blood before it is turned in|to a Vitriol; and therefore to tho&s;e people who have a great Acidity in their Stomachs, it is found ab&s;olutely nece&s;&s;ary to give Iron or Steel without any precedent Preparation; which has been long &s;ince taken no|tice of by the Learned and Ju|dicious Dr. <HI>Cole,</HI> in his Phy&s;ico-Medical E&s;&s;ay concerning the late Frequency of Apoplexies. Now Iron or Steel being given crude and unprepar'd, is by the means of the <HI>Acid</HI> in the Sto|mach turned into a Vitriol, by which means the <HI>Acid</HI> is &s;o em|bodied, as to make it uncapa|ble
<PB N="62" REF="38"> of pa&s;&s;ing through the al|mo&s;t imperceptible Urinary Pa&s;&s;ages; and likewi&s;e by em|bodying the <HI>Acid,</HI> hinders it from over-much attenuating the Chyle; &s;o that being mixed with the Chyle, they are toge|ther conveyed into the Small Guts, and &s;o on to the Blood, and by its Stiptick Acidity it confirms the Texture of the Blood, and mortifies the luxu|rious Alkalious Particles it meets with.</P>
<P>As for what I mention con|cerning the Efficacy of Juice of Lemmons in immediately aba|ting and taking off the violent Symptoms that attended a Per|&s;on who had been bitten with a Viper, after the Volatile Salt
<PB N="63" REF="38"> of Vipers, and other Antidotes, had in vain been given; I find the very &s;ame thing taken no|tice of by <HI>Hoffman,</HI> in his <HI>Cla|vis Pharmaceutice Schroderi,</HI> pag. 444, 445.</P>
<P>An Ingenious Per&s;on not long &s;ince, who had formerly embraced the Doctrine of <HI>A|cids,</HI> was willing to try what Effects the Transfu&s;ion of <HI>Acid</HI> and <HI>Alkalious</HI> Liquors into the Veins of Dogs would produce; accordingly he injected &s;ome <HI>Oyl of Sulphur per Campan.</HI> into the Veins of one Dog, which in&s;tead of di&s;ordering him, made him brisk and lively, and very hungry: But another Dog into who&s;e Veins &s;ome <HI>Oyl of Tartar per Deliquium</HI> (a
<PB N="64" REF="39"> known <HI>Alkaly)</HI> had been in|jected, it produced a clear con|trary effect, the Dog being lumpi&s;h and dull, and in a few days died: But it is to be ob|&s;erved, that the&s;e two Liquors were &s;o diluted as to make them fit to be taken in at the mouth before they were inject|ed. Something (as I remember) of the &s;ame nature, is al&s;o taken notice of by <HI>Fred. Hoffman, Fil. de Acido &amp; Vi&s;cido.</HI></P>
<P>I have been well a&s;&s;ur'd from a Per&s;on of the Greate&s;t Honour, That the <HI>Jews</HI> in <HI>Con|&s;tantinople</HI> (who are the only Phy&s;icians there) advi&s;e their Patients, in times when the Plague rageth, to eat Lemon and Sugar, and to drink Lemo|nade
<PB N="65" REF="39"> in large quantities, and that by way of prevention; and tho&s;e people who do &s;o, &s;eldom or never have the Plague: And if at any time they are called to Per&s;ons who have the Plague upon them, if they will but take the afore|&s;aid Medicines in large quanti|ties, they very rarely mi&s;carry.</P>
<P>From many late Ob&s;ervati|ons I am fully convinced, that the Gout is without any great difficulty to be cured, or at lea&s;t a Fit to be taken off, in a &s;mall time, by a proper Cour&s;e of <HI>Acid</HI> Medicines, both internally taken, and externally applied to the Part affected, and that without the lea&s;t Inconveni|ence afterwards: And I am
<PB N="66" REF="40"> altogether certain, that the on|ly rea&s;on why people have hi|therto &s;o fru&s;traneou&s;ly at|tempted the Cure of the &s;aid Di&s;temper, has been from the general Prejudice they have had again&s;t <HI>Acid</HI> Medicines, which are the only things ca|pable of doing &s;ervice.</P>
<P>Tho I do &s;o mightily con|tend for the U&s;e of <HI>Acids</HI> in ge|neral in the Cure of Di&s;ea&s;es; yet I do not in the lea&s;t pretend that any one <HI>Acid</HI> is capable of an&s;wering a Phy&s;ician's Intenti|on in the Cure of all Di&s;ea&s;es: Neither Vinegar nor Lemmons are to be reckoned <HI>Panacea's;</HI> tho, for ought I know, in the hands of a Per&s;on who well under&s;tands their u&s;e, they will
<PB N="67" REF="40"> either of them do more than many of the celebrated <HI>Pana|cea's.</HI></P>
<P>No man is fit to be called a Phy&s;ician, who does not well under&s;tand the Nature of Di&s;|ea&s;es, and of the Juices con|tained in a Human Body, which is what hath hitherto been but little enquired into; men taking up with general Notions that had no Foundati|on; which has been the only rea&s;on that Phy&s;ick hath been &s;o long practi&s;ed without the lea&s;t certainty; Phy&s;icians changing the Method of their Practice almo&s;t as often as we do that of our Cloaths. Being extremely well skill'd in the Anatomy of the Solid Parts, is
<PB N="68" REF="41"> a Noble Qualification, and enables a man to talk finely, but does not in the lea&s;t tend to enable men to cure Di&s;ea&s;es. It is an exact Skill in the Ana|tomy of the Juices, the Fluid Parts, that will make a Man a good Phy&s;ician: But in this &s;ort of Study few have been conver&s;ant. An exact Know|ledge of the <HI>Materia Medica</HI> in general, and the Specifick Dif|ferences there are between tho&s;e Medicines, &s;eemingly of the &s;ame Tribe, is al&s;o an ab|&s;olutely nece&s;&s;ary Qualificati|on: For that <HI>Acid</HI> that will cure a Fever, will not cure the Gout; and that which will cure the Gout, will not, per|haps, cure another Chronical
<PB N="69" REF="41"> Di&s;temper; there being a va&s;tly wide difference between tho&s;e very Medicines which are &s;eem|ingly the &s;ame.</P>
<P>I do po&s;itively affirm, That neither Blood nor its Serum be|ing any way expo&s;ed to Putre|faction, will by that means in the lea&s;t become <HI>Acid,</HI> but ra|ther more <HI>Alkalious:</HI> Now <HI>A|cids</HI> in general hindring Putre|faction, and likewi&s;e reducing things from a &s;tate of Putre|faction that are already become Putrid, mu&s;t be the great Me|dicines to cure Di&s;ea&s;es; for there is no Di&s;ea&s;e but what proceeds from &s;ome &s;ort of Putrefaction of the Fluid Parts of our Bodies.</P>
<PB N="70" REF="42">
<P> What I have &s;aid in my E&s;|&s;ay, and al&s;o in this Appendix, has been only in general terms; but I am now reducing all to a Method, I de&s;igning my Hi|&s;tory of Blood to be al&s;o a Me|thodical Hi&s;tory of Di&s;ea&s;es, with an Account of the Medi|cines proper to be u&s;ed in the Cure of them: I being re&s;ol|ved to &s;erve my Generation to the utmo&s;t of my Power, let my Treatment be what it will.</P>
<P>I &s;hall conclude this Appen|dix with Two or Three Ca&s;es, and the Method I u&s;ed in the Cure of them, as a Confirma|tion of the Truth of what I have &s;aid concerning &s;ome things in my E&s;&s;ay.</P>
<DIV2 N="1" TYPE="case">
<PB N="71" REF="42">
<HEAD>Ca&s;e the Fir&s;t.</HEAD>
<P>A Gentleman who had long laboured under a Sciatica, <HI>viz.</HI> Two or Three Years, and had applied him&s;elf to &s;everal Per|&s;ons of the greate&s;t Eminence for Advice, and had by their Pre&s;criptions been loaded for that whole time with <HI>Alkalious</HI> Medicines, without receiving the lea&s;t advantage, the Leg and Thigh of the Left Side being greatly Emaciated, and a very large Glandulous Tu|mor on his Hip: He was never free from violent Pain, and ve|ry Lame. I fir&s;t of all Purged him well for about a Fortnight with <HI>Calamel. Tart. Vitriolat.</HI> and
<PB N="72" REF="43"> <HI>Rezin of Jallap:</HI> I afterwards gave him the following Medi|cines, which he took con&s;tant|ly Three Times a Day for a|bout Ten Weeks; in which time, without any External Application at all, his Pain left him, the Tumor di&s;appeared, and his Leg and Thigh, which were before wa&s;ted to mere Skin and Bones, became equal|ly Plump and Fle&s;hy with the other.</P>
<Q><P>Recipe <HI>Cinnaberis Antimonii, vel (quod melior e&s;t) Facti|tii Com. Officinarum Recenter Levigat. Unciam Unam. Gum. Guaiaci Dracmas Sex. Con&s;. Cynosbati Uncias Tres. Syr. Sambuci q. &s;. F. Ele|ctuarium.</HI>
<PB N="73" REF="43"> <HI>Do&s;is e&s;t quant. Nuci&s;mo&s;catae Ter in Die, Horis Medicinalibus, &s;uper bibendo Uncias Octo Infu&s;i &s;equentis.</HI></P>
<P>Recipe <HI>Rad. Bardanae Siccat. &amp; gro&s;s&egrave; Contu&s;. Uncias Octo. Baccar. Juniperi, Uncias Quatuor, &s;em. Bar|danae, Faxini ana Unciam Unam &s;emis. Sa&s;&s;afras Un|ciam Unam. Tartari Vi|triolati Dracmas Tres. Aq. Font. Libras Sex. Infund&egrave; Claus&egrave; &amp; Calid&egrave; per horas</HI> xii. <HI>&amp; Coletur, Colaturae &s;ing. Libris duabus. Adde Sp. Liq. Guaiaci Rect. Un|ciam Semis M.</HI></P></Q>
<PB N="74" REF="44">
<P> This Method I have &s;o often experienced in this Ca&s;e, that I dare recommend it as to be depended upon.</P>
</DIV2>
<DIV2 N="2" TYPE="case">
<HEAD>Ca&s;e the Second.</HEAD>
<P>A pretty young <HI>Gentleman,</HI> who had been too free with the Fair Sex, by his over-fre|quent Embraces was Poxt to the highe&s;t degree, being Le|prous from the Crown of his Head to the Soles of his Feet, and all other Symptoms of the mo&s;t confirmed Pox I ever met with. He was altogether a|ver&s;e to <HI>Salivation,</HI> I therefore gave him the afore&s;aid Medi|cines, which he took three times a day for about two months;
<PB N="75" REF="44"> but I fir&s;t of all purg'd him very well with <HI>Calamel. Tart. Vit.</HI> and <HI>Rezin. Jallap.</HI> and for the la&s;t Fortnight &s;ent him to the <HI>Bagnio</HI> three times a week, ordering him to take a large Do&s;e of the Electuary and Infu&s;ion about an hour before he went into the <HI>Bagnio.</HI> At the two months end he was perfectly freed from his Lepro&s;y, and his Skin as clean and white as ever I &s;aw any one in my life; and all other Symptoms that attended him, were perfectly vani&s;hed.</P>
</DIV2>
<DIV2 N="3" TYPE="case">
<HEAD>Ca&s;e the Third.</HEAD>
<P>A Corporal in the Right Honourable the Earl of <HI>Ox|ford</HI>'s Regiment, was Poxed to
<PB N="76" REF="45"> the highe&s;t degree, upon which he applied him&s;elf to a Phy&s;i|cian near <HI>Chel&s;ey,</HI> who put him into the powdering Tub of Af|fliction three times; and altho he had each time undergone a Regular <HI>Salivation,</HI> his Sym|ptoms were not in the lea&s;t abated. He was emaciated to &s;uch a degree, that he was like a meer <HI>Skeleton.</HI> He had vio|lent Pain in his Head, Shoulders, Arms, Thighs, and Shin bones; and when he was warm in his Bed, the Pain was &s;o exa&s;pera|ted, that altho he was &s;o weak as to be &s;carce able to &s;tand, yet out of his Bed he was forced to get, and crawl about in the cold, which afforded him &s;ome &s;mall Relief; his Appetite was
<PB N="77" REF="45"> quite lo&s;t, and a continual Hectick upon him. To be &s;hort, I think I never &s;aw &s;o mi&s;erable a Spectacle in my whole life. To this Man I gave the Electuary and Infu&s;ion three times a day, which &s;oon abated the violence of the Symptoms, and continuing the u&s;e of them about three months, altho he had &s;eldom le&s;s than four or five Stools a day, yet he ga|ther'd Fle&s;h, and in that time became a hale, hearty Man, to the great &s;urprize of all who knew him. I may be po&s;itive that it was not above &s;ix weeks before he was able to walk about his bu&s;ine&s;s.</P>
<P>I have given the&s;e very Me|dicines to I believe Two hun|dred
<PB N="78" REF="46"> People in &s;everal Chroni|cal Di&s;tempers, with extraordi|nary &s;ucce&s;s; and altho in the day time they &s;eldom fail of working three or four times by Stool, and in the night provo|king Sweat; yet I have &s;carce known any one per&s;on who has taken them, that during the very time they are taking them, for all the very great Evacuati|ons they cau&s;e, that have not &s;en|&s;ibly gather'd fle&s;h, and if weak, recover'd &s;trength. Whereas let the &s;tronge&s;t per&s;on take any of the common Purgers but a month together, and altho they have not above two or three Stools a day, yet they will emaciate them, and weaken them to a great degree, which
<PB N="79" REF="46"> is a very great Argument of the excellency of <HI>Cinnaberine</HI> Medicines mixt with <HI>Gum Guai|aci</HI> above the common Pur|gers: The one carrying off the Nutritious Juices, as well as the Excrementitious ones; the o|ther only cau&s;ing a due Secre|tion of the Noxious, Excre|mentitious Juices, which by &s;o doing, Nature is thereby rid of any Load wherewith &s;he is op|pre&s;&s;ed, and enabled to apply the Nutritious Juices to the ends they are de&s;igned for.</P>
<P>I have in &s;ome extraordina|ry Ca&s;es, given above a pound of <HI>Cinnaber</HI> at times to one per|&s;on, and never knew the lea&s;t ill Symptom follow, nor ever once to excite <HI>Salivation.</HI> And I
<PB N="80" REF="47"> do verily believe, that in the hands of a per&s;on who knows how to u&s;e it, it is one of the greate&s;t Medicines in Chroni|cal Di&s;ea&s;es in the World; but being u&s;ed with <HI>Gum Guaiaci,</HI> and <HI>Spiritus Guaiaci Rect.</HI> it does much better than alone, they greatly a&s;&s;i&s;ting it in its opera|tion. Being mixed with pro|per Cephalicks, and taken for &s;ome time, it is a wonderful Medicine in Epilep&s;ies, and &s;ome other Nervous Di&s;tem|pers. <HI>Hoffman</HI> has wrote a whole Treati&s;e of <HI>Cinnaber;</HI> and I am capable of &s;peaking ten times more in its prai&s;e from my own Experience, than <HI>Hoffman</HI> hath done.</P>
<PB N="81" REF="47">
<P> Convul&s;ions are Di&s;tempers that Children are frequently troubled with, more of them dying of Convul&s;ions than of all other Di&s;tempers, Te&s;tace|ous Powders are the Medicines generally given, as the great <HI>A&s;ylum</HI> to which Phy&s;icians fly, but very rarely with Succe&s;s. But upon the giving them tem|perate <HI>Acids,</HI> I have generally found them to an&s;wer my In|tentions.</P>
<P>I was, not long &s;ince, &s;ent for to a Child who had Con|vul&s;ions to &s;uch a degree, that his Parents believed it to be an Epilep&s;y. His Belly was hard like a &s;tone, and continual Tortions and Convul&s;ive Con|tractions, &s;ometimes of his
<PB N="82" REF="48"> Hands and Arms, &s;ometimes his Legs and Thighs would be di&s;torted and almo&s;t put out of Joint; &s;ometimes had the mo&s;t violent Vomitings, at other times the Mu&s;cles of his Face would be &s;trangely contracted. I gave it the following Medi|cines, and in about two days he was perfectly free from his Convul&s;ions.</P>
<Q><P>Recipe <HI>Tart. Vitriolati Drac|mam Unam. Crem. Tart. Dracmas Duas. Ca&s;torei Dracm. Semis. Sacchari Albi Unciam. Sem. M. F. Pul. in</HI> viii <HI>Chartis di&s;tri|buend. ex quibus cap. n</HI>^o 1. <HI>quart&acirc; qu&acirc;que hor&acirc; in Coch|lear. Julap. &s;eq. &s;uper bi|bendo</HI>
<PB N="83" REF="48"> <HI>Cochlear. Tria vel quatuor eju&s;d.</HI></P>
<P>Recipe <HI>Aq. Rori&s;marini, Pulegii ana Uncias Tres. Peon. Comp. Uncias Duas. Ol-Vitrioli Dul. Scrupul. Unam. Syr. Peoniae Dracmas Tres M. F. Julap.</HI></P>
<P>Recipe <HI>Ol. Amigdala. Amar. Unciam Unam. Ung. Dial|theae Uncias Duas. Ol. An|ni&s;i, Pulegii ana gut.</HI> vi. <HI>m. F. Linimentum, cum quo Illinatur Regio<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="MURP" EXTENT="4 letters"> Umbel. liculem Man&egrave; &amp; Ve&s;peri, Superponendo Pannum La|neum ter duplicatum.</HI></P></Q>
<PB N="84" REF="49">
<P> By this Method, with &s;ome variation according as different Symptoms appear, I have known multitudes of Children, who&s;e Lives have been de&s;pair|ed of, cured of the mo&s;t vio|lent Convul&s;ions in a &s;mall time.</P>
<P>I have likewi&s;e ob&s;erved, that in malignant Fevers, tho&s;e people who are treated accord|ing to the u&s;ual cu&s;tom, with <HI>Alkalies</HI> and <HI>Alexipharmicks,</HI> are generally attended with vio|lent Convul&s;ions: But tho&s;e who u&s;e <HI>Acids</HI> plentifully, are &s;eldom or never Convul&s;ive.</P>
<P>I have cured abundance of people of that trouble&s;ome Cough that hath raged this <HI>March,</HI> by only giving them
<PB N="85" REF="49"> large quantities of Lemmon and Sugar, to be eaten both day and night, and giving an Opiat with &s;ome Drops of <HI>Oyl of Sulphur per Campan.</HI> at night going to Bed.</P>
<P>In violent Hy&s;terical Fits in Women, I have frequently, without (&s;eldom) failing of Succe&s;s, given a Mixture of Two or Three Spoonfuls of Vinegar, a few Grains of <HI>Ca&s;tor,</HI> and about a Quarter of a Pint of Spring Water: Which Mix|ture has frequently abated and taken off the Fits, when be|fore they had been greatly exa&s;perated by Spirit of <HI>Harts-horn, Sal Armoniac,</HI> &amp;c. <HI>Gas Sulphuris</HI> al&s;o given alone is a wonderful Medicine in violent
<PB N="86" REF="50"> Hy&s;terical Fits. And in the beginning of Con&s;umptions, I believe there is not a better Medicine than <HI>Gas Sulphuris</HI> given in large quantities. But the <HI>Cortex,</HI> which is now &s;o univer&s;ally u&s;ed in Con&s;umpti|ons, without the lea&s;t &s;hew of Rea&s;on, I believe to be the mo&s;t pernicious Medicine in Hecti|cal Di&s;tempers that ever was given. I have enquired lately of &s;everal Per&s;ons, both Phy|&s;icians and Apothecaries, whe|ther they ever yet &s;aw a He|ctick cured by the <HI>Cortex,</HI> who have unanimou&s;ly declared they never did, and that &s;carce any one that hath taken it, but have died. I mu&s;t declare that I never yet &s;aw any one
<PB N="87" REF="50"> cured of a Con&s;umption, but by <HI>Acids,</HI> &s;uch as <HI>Gas Sulphuris, Ol. Sulphuris per Campan.</HI> &amp;c. by the means of which I my &s;elf have cured many. But &s;ometimes, in &s;ome very ex|traordinary Ca&s;es, e&s;pecially if the Di&s;temper have been of long &s;tanding, and the Texture of the Lungs much &s;poiled, even <HI>Acids</HI> them&s;elves will leave us in the Lurch, even after Symptoms have &s;eemed to be much abated, and things have look'd with a promi&s;ing A&s;pect. Which I my &s;elf have in one or two Patients who&s;e Lives have been very dear unto me, ex|perienced; which I cannot mention without the greate&s;t Concern. For all which, I
<PB N="88" REF="51"> dare not, even in Con&s;umpti|ons, leave off the u&s;e of <HI>Acids,</HI> becau&s;e I am &s;ure they will do more than any other be&s;ides; and there are no Medicines what&s;oever that will make people Immortal. I have my &s;elf cured many with <HI>Acids,</HI> but never could yet &s;ee or hear of one that was ever cured without them.</P>
<P>The Learned Dr. <HI>Jones,</HI> who&s;e Civility to me (tho an utter Stranger, whom I never &s;aw) I cannot &s;ufficiently ex|pre&s;s; in a very kind and obli|ging Letter has &s;ent me a Ca|talogue of Di&s;tempers he has in the Cour&s;e of his Practice cured by Acids.</P>
<P N="1">(1.) Hard Bellies in Children
<PB N="89" REF="51"> with an Atrophy attending it, which is very common, and &s;eldom cur'd by other Methods.</P>
<P N="2">(2.) The Stone, that is, to take it off (if of a pa&s;&s;able Bigne&s;s) with Ea&s;e, Speed, and Safety.</P>
<P N="3">(3.) Child&punc;bed Fevers, of which Dr. <HI>Willis</HI> &s;ays, they are mo&s;t difficult to be cur'd of any.</P>
<P N="4">(4.) Catarrh or Defluxion.</P>
<P N="5">(5.) <HI>Cholera Morbus.</HI></P>
<P N="6">(6.) Diarrhea and Dy&s;entery.</P>
<P N="7">(7.) Jaundice.</P>
<P N="8">(8.) The Small-Pox, <HI>&amp;c.</HI></P>
<P>This Worthy Per&s;on, who&s;e Name is de&s;ervedly famous throughout <HI>Europe,</HI> for his No|ble Piece <HI>De Febribus Intermit|tentibus,</HI> thus concludes; <HI>I would have &s;ent you more, but the&s;e coming readily to my mind, have been cer|tainly</HI>
<PB N="90" REF="52"> <HI>cured by me, by the means of Acids.</HI></P>
<P>The wonderful Succe&s;s Dr. <HI>Baynard</HI> (who&s;e intimate Con|ver&s;ation I have of late been ho|noured with) has had through the Cour&s;e of his Practice, is eminently known both in <HI>Lon|don, Bath,</HI> and <HI>Lanca&s;hire,</HI> where he formerly dwelt: And his Practice has chiefly run up|on <HI>Acids;</HI> which (as he hath all the rea&s;on in the world) he does &s;trenuou&s;ly vindicate and defend; and by whom, I mu&s;t own, &s;ince my Acquaintance with him, I have had clearer Notions of the different &s;orts and various u&s;e of <HI>Acids</HI> than ever I knew before; he being one of the mo&s;t Candid, Inge|nious,
<PB N="91" REF="52"> Communicable Per&s;ons, I ever met with.</P>
<P>It was out of a Life &s;aving Principle, that the&s;e Gentlemen embraced this Doctrine of <HI>A|cids,</HI> in oppo&s;ition to the Mul|titude; who for want of this knowledge, daily record their &s;ad Cures in <HI>Sextons</HI> Books and the Weekly Bills: And I dare &s;ay, they have wrought more Sub&s;tantial, Good Cures, than any Twenty be&s;ides them, who have acted upon different Principles.</P>
<P>I don't find that the Method of making the <HI>Gas Sulphuris,</HI> which I have often mentioned, is any where &s;et down; I &s;hall therefore give an Account of its Preparation, which tho a
<PB N="92" REF="53"> very ea&s;y one, is for all that a very Noble Medicine.</P>
</DIV2>
<DIV2 TYPE="section">
<HEAD>Gas Sulphuris.</HEAD>
<P>Put into a large Gla&s;s Recei|ver, that will hold Six or Eight Gallons, about Four Quarts of pure Spring Water; when you have &s;o done, burn in the Re|ceiver a Quarter of a Pound of pure <HI>Sulphur Vivum</HI> made into Matches: You mu&s;t take care that your Matches be very long, &s;o that when they are lighted, the Flame may be as near the middle of the Body of the Re|ceiver as may be: By that time you have burnt Three or Four Matches, the Receiver will be &s;o full of the Steams of Brim|&s;tone, that when the lighted Match is put into it, it will be
<PB N="93" REF="53"> immediately extingui&s;h'd; you mu&s;t then &s;top the Mouth of the Receiver very exactly with a Wet Cloth, and let the Steams conden&s;e; when you &s;ee the Receiver clear, then burn more Matches till the Receiver is a|gain fill'd with Steams, then &s;top up again, and repeat this work till your Matches are all burnt, and your Water will then be impregnated with the Vola|tile Acid Steams of Brim&s;tone.</P>
<P>This Medicine given liberal|ly in Malignant Fevers has done Wonders, even where people have been given over as dead. It is an excellent Medicine be|ing taken by way of Prevention in Infectious Sea&s;ons. And I think, if any Medicine de&s;erves
<PB N="94" REF="54"> that Name, this doth de&s;erve to be called the true <HI>Prophy|lacticon.</HI></P>
<P>Dr. <HI>Baynard</HI> has another way of making the <HI>Gas Sulphuris</HI> &s;omewhat more warm and Alexipharmick.</P>
<P>Take a large Gla&s;s Receiver with a mouth of three or four Inches Diameter, place it Ho|rizontally, into which pour <HI>Aq. Peta&s;itid. Ulmariae &s;imp. Vini Rhenani, ana Libras duas Aq. Rutae, &s;ucci Pomorum &s;ilve&s;t. vet. ana Libram unam Aq. Theriacalis, Prophylact. Sylvij ana Uncias qua|tuor M.</HI> Then take an Iron Ladle fitted to the mouth of the Gla&s;s, with a long Handle, put into the Ladle half an Ounce of <HI>Sulphur Vivum</HI> pow|dered,
<PB N="95" REF="54"> accend with a &s;mall Gad of red hot Steel, when lighted, clap it into the Re|ceiver &s;o far, that the Fumes may ari&s;e in the middle of the Gla&s;s, and the bigger the Gla&s;s the better; for the more Fumes it contains, the &s;ooner will your Operation be over. Stop the mouth with a wet Cloth, that the Steams get not out; when the Fumes have extin|gui&s;hed the Flame, let it &s;tand, that the <HI>Oleum Sulphuris</HI> may tric|kle down the &s;ides of the Gla&s;s, and &s;ub&s;ide upon the <HI>Men&s;tru|um;</HI> when the Fumes are &s;et|led, and the Gla&s;s clear, quick|ly draw out your Ladle, and repeat the Action, until it be well impregnated with &s;trong
<PB N="96" REF="55"> Volatile <HI>Gas.</HI> Remember al|ways to keep the mouth of the Gla&s;s well &s;topped with the wet Cloth, otherwi&s;e the <HI>Gas,</HI> which is of a mo&s;t &s;ubtile na|ture, will evaporate.</P>
<P>A Spoonful of this given once in two or three hours, in any proper Julap, doth mo&s;t wonderfully extingui&s;h Thir&s;t in Fevers, procure Sweat or Urine infallibly, takes off the drine&s;s of the Tongue, tempe|rates and cools the over-heated Bile, and procures Re&s;t. Al|&s;o mixed with a little Claret-Wine, and a Drop or two of Oil of Cinnamon, does, to a Miracle, &s;top Vomiting, and the be&s;t Peptick for a weak and decayed Stomach.</P>
<PB N="97" REF="55">
<P> Note, That when the <HI>Gas</HI> is quite gone and flown off, the mixture will notwith&s;tanding remain &s;owre, as impregnated with the <HI>Oleum Sulphuris;</HI> but the <HI>Gas,</HI> which is the better part, will in time be lo&s;t, (it is &s;o &s;ubtile) even almo&s;t through the pores of the Gla&s;s. You mu&s;t dip the Cork-end of the Bottle in melted Brim&s;tone, and keep it always immerged in cold water. But the be&s;t way to keep it is in &s;mall Gla&s;&s;es, and open no more at a time than you u&s;e, it lo&s;ing its vo|latile parts very much every time the Bottle in which it is kept is opened.</P>
<P>As a further Illu&s;tration of the Doctrine of <HI>Acids,</HI> I &s;hall
<PB N="98" REF="56"> add an account I received from Dr. <HI>Oliver,</HI> one of the Phy&s;icians of the Fleet, about the u&s;e of <HI>Beveridge.</HI></P>
<P><HI>Beveridge</HI> is a prickt, &s;owr <HI>Spani&s;h</HI> Wine, one Hog&s;head of this mixed with 3 Hog&s;heads of water, makes the Drink the Sailors are allowed to drink <HI>ad libitum.</HI></P>
<P>By my Experience in the Fleet, tho&s;e Ships Crews who drank this <HI>Acid</HI> Liquor for their common Drink, were much healtheir than tho&s;e who by their ob&s;tinacy would not be brought to it; as for Example:</P>
<P>The <HI>Royal Oak</HI> a third Rate, carrying about 500 men, who&s;e Ship's Crew, by Admiral <HI>Nevil</HI>'s particular Order, began fir&s;t to
<PB N="99" REF="56"> drink <HI>Beveridge,</HI> (he having had experience of it two years in the <HI>Mediterranean</HI> in the <HI>Crown,</HI> in all which time he lo&s;t not above two men), and in three months time I don't remember I had three Complaints, tho at the &s;ame time, in other Ships where they drank no <HI>Beveridge,</HI> Fevers and Fluxes were very frequent. Here I &s;hall in&s;ert one thing worthy of Note, That the <HI>Royal Oak</HI> wanting <HI>Beveridge,</HI> and being obliged to drink water only, in a few days time they grew very &s;ickly, and lo&s;t above 30 men in a month, in&s;o|much that the men them&s;elves were &s;o &s;en&s;ible of the advan|tage they had by drinking <HI>Beve|ridge,</HI> that they heartily de&s;ired
<PB N="100" REF="57"> that they might drink nothing el&s;e but <HI>Beveridge,</HI> and begg'd it wherever they could find it. The like experience I had of the <HI>Eagle, Norfolk,</HI> and &s;everal other of our Ships, who were always better in health when they drank <HI>Beveridge,</HI> than when they drank Water alone, or found Wine and Water. From the&s;e Experiences, I advi&s;ed the Cap|tains of each re&s;pective Ship, to procure <HI>Beveridge</HI> for the common Drink of the men, and the Succe&s;s an&s;wered my Ex|pectation.</P>
<P>This is an exact Relation as I took it from Dr. <HI>Oliver</HI>'s own mouth.</P>
<P>I have more to &s;ay, but have al|ready out-run the Bounds of an Ap|pendix, and therefore &s;hall omit what remains, for another opportunity.</P>
<TRAILER>FINIS.</TRAILER>
<PB REF="57">
</DIV2>
</DIV1>
</BODY>
</TEXT>
</EEBO>
</ETS>
