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<DATE>2011-06-10</DATE>
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<NAME>Susie Lorand</NAME>
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<DIV1 TYPE="manifesto or declaration">
<PB N="1" REF="1" MS="y">
<HEAD>TWO <HI>MANIFESTO'S,</HI> OR DECLARATIONS; THE ONE By the King of <HI>Denmarke,</HI> THE OTHER By the Queene of <HI>Sweden,</HI> both concerning the pre&s;ent Warres.</HEAD>
<P>_CHRISTIAN the Fourth, by the Grace of God, of <HI>Denmarke, Norway</HI> of the <HI>Gothes</HI> and <HI>Vandals,</HI> King; Duke of <HI>Hol&s;tein, Shle&s;wigk, Stormarn</HI> and <HI>Ditmars,</HI> Count of <HI>Oldenburg</HI> and <HI>Delmenhor&s;t &amp;c.</HI> To his <HI>Roman</HI> Imperiall Ma|je&s;tie, all Chri&s;tian Kings and Princes; as al&s;o to all and every one, of what quality, degree and dignitie &s;oever hee bee Greeting: Making withall knowne, how and in what manner Wee (by an unexpected ho&s;tile inva&s;ion of the <HI>Swedi&s;h</HI> Army, under the command and conduct of Fieldmar&s;hall <HI>Leonhard To&s;ten&s;ohn,</HI> fir&s;t into our Principalities of <HI>Shle&s;wigk, Hol|&s;tein</HI> and Dominions belonging thereunto, and thereupon into our Province of <HI>Iutland</HI> immediately belonging to our Crowne of <HI>Den|marke</HI>) inevitably are compelled to put to the view of all and every one by this <HI>Manife&s;toe,</HI> the Inju&s;tne&s;&s;e of this wrong and action, and to the better manife&s;tation hereof, to draw in briefe hither tho&s;e Agree|ments, that have beene made betwixt our Kingdome and the Crowne
<PB N="2" REF="2">of <HI>Sweden,</HI> whereby not onely all Controver&s;ies are fully laid up, a perpetuall peace concluded, but al&s;o, how in future time, if any nigh|bourly errours &s;hould come to pa&s;&s;e it &s;hould be carried, was provided and agreed upon. Whereas now in the yeare 1560. when <HI>Ericus</HI> King of <HI>Sweden,</HI> the 13^t^h. of that Name, &s;ought all manner of pretences a|gain&s;t our Father King <HI>Frederick</HI> the Second of happy memory, and thereby gave occa&s;ion to a long during bloody Warre, b<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="UOM" EXTENT="2 letters"> the &s;ame by the mediation of the Emperour <HI>Maximilian,</HI> of the Kings of <HI>France</HI> and <HI>Poland,</HI> as al&s;o of the Elector of <HI>Saxony</HI> in the yeare 1570. being compo&s;ed, by their mediation the afore&s;aid perpetuall Peace was con|cluded, which both Kings, and their Succe&s;&s;ours and Heires, together with their Kingdomes, by their Royall Honour Faith and troth &s;hould be bound to keep upon paine and forfeiture of a million of gold. It was al&s;o agreed upon namely that, if &s;o any errours &s;hould come to pa&s;&s;e, the deci&s;ion thereof by the appointed Coun&s;ellers of State of both &s;ides, and if &s;o be they could not agree upon a finall certaine conclu&s;ion, be|cau&s;e that one &s;ide had as many voyces as the other, it &s;hould be put to an Arbitratour; But if &s;o be that one of the Kings would not &s;tand to all what was concluded, in &s;uch a ca&s;e the Coun&s;ell of State and the Subjects &s;hould be di&s;charged of their Oath and dutie, and &s;hould not be bound to follow and obey the King &s;o long till he hath con&s;ented to it, as appeareth at lage by the Copie Lit. <HI>A.</HI> And the &s;ame agre|ment have beene confirmed againe anew betwixt Us and the decea&s;ed King <HI>Gu&s;tavus Adolphus</HI> Lit.<HI>B.</HI> of happy memorie in the yeare 1612. and in the yeare 1624. &s;ome errours, which then would ari&s;e, by the appointed Coun&s;ellers of State were compounded and laid by. Wee have al&s;o thereupon kept and maintained good and neighbourly cor|re&s;pondence with the afore&s;aid King <HI>Gu&s;tavus Adolphus</HI> all the dayes of his life, and afterwards with the moderne Queene and State, and We had no other opinion of the Crowne of <HI>Sweden,</HI> but that it would doe the like. And it appeareth mo&s;t clearly by that, that for tho&s;e ma|ny yeares together we have endeavoured with much zeale and care to take off from the &s;ame the heavie burden of warre in the <HI>Roman</HI> Em|pire, and to &s;ettle the &s;ame in Peace and tranquility; Whereas, if any bad <HI>talentum</HI> or mi&s;tru&s;t had beene in our heart again&s;t that Crowne, We had ju&s;tly &s;uffered the &s;ame to ly under &s;uch burden, and
<PB N="3" REF="2">according to common practi&s;e <HI>Per vicinorum di&s;cordias &amp; bella,</HI> &s;ought peace and &s;ecurity of our Kingdome and Dominions. But being no contrary intention again&s;t the &s;ame, as al&s;o no ill &s;u&s;pition of the &s;ame &s;ticked with us; So therefore no &s;uch Coun&s;ells could find place with Us, but rather &s;trived, to procure for the &s;ame a true and firme Peace as Wee can te&s;tifie with God and a pure con&s;cience, that there|by we &s;ought with an upright heart and minde no prejudice to the &s;ame, but the good and welfare of both contending and fighting par|ties. To which end al&s;o in the yeare 1629. pre&s;ently after the agree|ment betwixt the <HI>Roman</HI> Imperiall Maje&s;ty and Us, Wee de&s;ired His Imperiall Maje&s;ties con&s;ent of an amiable Treatie betwixt Him and the King of <HI>Sweden,</HI> and how we have received thereupon a de&s;ired an&s;wer; and the King of <HI>Sweden</HI> al&s;o thereupon accepted our interpo|&s;ition, and appointed a Dyet at <HI>Dantzigk</HI> in the beginning of the year 1630. where the <HI>Roman</HI> Imperiall Maje&s;tie had his Amba&s;&s;adour, a Burgrave of <HI>Donaw</HI> but no Treatie was taken in hand, becau&s;e no body appeared there in the name of the Crown of <HI>Sweden:</HI> However wee did therefore not &s;uffer our good intention to &s;inke, but cau&s;ed pre&s;ently after the King of <HI>Swedens</HI> death the rea&s;&s;umption of &s;o com|mendable work further to be &s;ollicited, and de&s;ired of the Coun&s;ell of State, or rather of the Rixchancellour <HI>Oxen&s;tern,</HI> who was at that time <HI>Plenipotentiaerius</HI> in <HI>Germanie,</HI> who al&s;o according to his letter <HI>(Lit.C.)</HI> to our Coun&s;ell of State, bearing date <HI>Collen</HI> on the <HI>Spree</HI> the fourth of <HI>Febr.</HI> 1633. accepted it with much thankes, and that therefore the Crowne and Prince&s;&s;e was much obliged to us for it, but e&s;pecially at that time was faine to confe&s;&s;e, that Our peaceable minde about for|mer commendable actions was more then enough known unto Him; And repeated that &s;ame al&s;o afterwards upon another occa&s;ion (as ap|peareth out of the Extract <HI>(Lit.D.)</HI> to Us his Letters bearing Date at <HI>Franckeford</HI> the 17. of <HI>May,</HI> in the &s;ame yeare. Afterwards al&s;o Wee have &s;ent Our Amba&s;&s;adour at great charges to <HI>Bre&s;law,</HI> which Em|ba&s;&s;age hath likewi&s;e been in vain and fruitle&s;&s;e: Then We urged &s;til further the propounded Treatie for a happy Peace, till at la&s;t after ma|ny teadious, long during and many times fruitle&s;&s;e employed paines and endeavour, Wee by Gods gracious permi&s;&s;ion brought it &s;o farre, that the Potentates and Princes, that have intere&s;t in this &s;o long con|tinuing
<PB N="4" REF="3">bloody war in <HI>Germany,</HI> after a long and teadious Treatie ful|ly agreed in <HI>Praeliminaribus,</HI> and therupon with the con&s;ent of all &s;ides, a meeting for the treaty of a generall Peace was appointed to bee at <HI>O&s;nabrugge.</HI> When the Imperiall and <HI>Swedi&s;h</HI> Amba&s;&s;adours had al|ready met there with Our Amb&s;&s;adours, the King of <HI>France</HI> al&s;o had given notice of the comming of His Amba&s;&s;adours, And the King of <HI>Spaine</HI> al&s;o were neere at hand, &s;o that every one &s;tood in good hope, that now at la&s;t the long de&s;ired Treatie would goe on, and produce &s;ome pro&s;peritie and happine&s;&s;e by the reduction of a generall Peace, and Wee in a &s;peciall manner directed onely Our thoughts and Coun|&s;ell that way&punc; how by Gods gracious a&s;&s;i&s;tance this worke &s;o well be|gun we might further and thereby de&s;erve thankes of whole Chri&s;ten|dome, as <HI>Oxen&s;tern</HI> him&s;elfe in the above &s;aid Extracts declares: Not|with&s;tanding Wee were faine to &s;ee and heare with our griefe and &s;orrow, that upon a &s;udden the <HI>Swedes</HI> had all things overthrowne a|gaine. For when Wee, by rea&s;on of the alledged Agreement and Con|federacie, could expect no ill from them and to Our knowledge al&s;o have not offended them, or if &s;o be they had to pretend any of|fence, they &s;hould have turned it over to the afore&s;aid, and oftentimes repeated, confirmed, and practi&s;ed Deci&s;ions and agreements; yea, when they &s;hewed all love and amitie towards Us, and had our ordi|nary Re&s;ident with them, and theirs againe with Vs, and then further their Amba&s;&s;adour appointed for the treatie of Peace, conferred al|mo&s;t daily with Our Amba&s;&s;adours as appointed Mediatours, and pretended every where nothing el&s;e but neighbourly love, peace and concord. Then they cau&s;e by their Generalls (in a ho&s;tile manner) Our Countries and Dominions about 60 leagues at length from the utmo&s;t Frontiers of our Principalities to be invaded and taken, till they may come into our Kingdome&punc; which they then ea&s;ily could performe, be|cau&s;e Wee feared no Ho&s;tility, but under the pretence of amitie, with any foregoing (being u&s;uall with all hone&s;t Nations) denouncing of warre upon a &s;udden &s;urpri&s;ed the Countries, that the Subjects &s;aw them in the mid&s;t of them&punc; before they could heare any thing of their comming, &s;o that for 30. leagues together they found no man in armes excepting 50. men in a Fort neere the Ea&s;t Sea, which by night time they skaled, and tooke it, impri&s;oned the Governour and detaine him
<PB N="5" REF="3">&s;till. Yet in the meane time our Rix-Mar&s;hall in our ab&s;ence guarded our Frontiers with &s;ome hor&s;e, and for their defence began to rai&s;e a Sconce, and withall &s;ent a Letter to the above-&s;aid <HI>Swedi&s;h</HI> Generall to learne and know the rea&s;ons and motives of &s;uch an inva&s;ion, &amp; what further We had to expect from him, as the Copie <HI>Sub Lit. E.</HI> &s;hewes more largely. But the afore&s;aid Generall kept the Trumpeter that was &s;ent with him, and left the Letter unan&s;wered, till he fell againe upon a &s;udden without any forewarning with his whole &s;trength of hor&s;e and foot, and Artillerie upon Our hor&s;e, and drove them, (their number being much le&s;&s;e then his) into the afore&s;aid Sconce, where he pre&s;ently begun to batter with his Cannon, the afore&s;aid Sconce be|ing not yet fini&s;hed, and continued it for 4. dayes together. But when the re&s;t of his Infantry and the great Cannons that he expected came to him, he an&s;wered the aforementioned Letter&punc; wherein hee imputed the rea&s;ons of his taking quarters in <HI>Hol&s;tein</HI> and other neighbou ing Countries, to nece&s;&s;itie, but that he pur&s;ued the gathered troopes, and without &s;ummoned the afore&s;aid Sconce; Hee pretended to be for his owne &s;ecuritie, as <HI>&s;ub Lit.</HI> F. is to be &s;eene. And being they lay onely in garri&s;on there &s;ome of the Trained Bands, and the &s;ame al&s;o as a|fore&s;aid, was brought to no perfection, hee tooke it pre&s;ently, forced the &s;ouldiers to lay downe their armes, in&s;omuch that whole <HI>Iutland</HI> he ruinated, and wa&s;ted the Principalities with intollearable Contri|bution and Plundering, and to pa&s;&s;e by other enormites, Our Officers of the State and Gentry hee cau&s;ed to be detained pri&s;oners and &s;hew|ed them&s;elves farre wor&s;e then Chri&s;tian enemies: And it is ea&s;ie, what of the afore&s;aid mo&s;t prejudiciall and proud Letter may be jud|ged and concluded; and moreover that by this &s;o ho&s;tile inva&s;ion and proceedings he aimed not meerely at &s;ome Provinces, nor at a meere recruting of the Armie, which however he ought not to &s;eeke in our Countries without Our con&s;ent, but rather that it is intended meere|ly out of a ho&s;tile proud and haughtie purpo&s;e and hope, to de&s;troy Vs&punc; our Kingdomes, Countries and People.</P>
<P>The true and proper cau&s;e of this &s;o ho&s;tile re&s;olution again&s;t us, is as yet unknowne unto us, but wee can ea&s;ely gue&s;&s;e, that the hate again&s;t us and the envy to the flori&s;hing peaceable condition of our Kingdomes and Countries together with the moderne occa&s;ion of
<PB N="6" REF="4">their having in their hands a brave <HI>German</HI> Army, and our &s;ecurity wee have put in thire friend&s;hip, hath principally moved them there|unto: And we are a&s;&s;ured&punc; that not any other cau&s;e, that according to all Divine and humane right is &s;ufficient to &s;uch an unforwarned ho&s;tility, can iu&s;tly be produced. And though there were &s;ome, that might have given them occa&s;ion to this &s;pilling of blood, yet <HI>modus procedendi</HI> can never bee iu&s;tified neither before God nor men. For the mo&s;t high God hath no delight in the iu&s;te&s;t and mo&s;t nece&s;&s;ary warre. How &s;hould hee then approve of &s;uch unnece&s;&s;ary warres, whereunto no cau&s;e was given. And as he hath &s;worne by his truth, that he will bring the Covenant, upon which he hath given his hand, and afterwards broken it, upon his owne head: So without all doubt will revenge in due time this uniu&s;tne&s;&s;e and wrong, that hath beene done to confederats and fellow members of the &s;ame &s;aith under the pretence of Friend&s;hip, contrary to e<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="UOM" EXTENT="1 letter">ected contracts, covenants and agreement; Neither will it bee approved by any man&punc; that ever hath loved hone&s;ty and vertue; becau&s;e according to the Lawes and cu&s;tomes of all Nations, to a lawfull warre not onely weighty rea|&s;ons, but al&s;o that the &s;ame, before they come to extremities, be made kowne to the Adver&s;ary party are required. Which is counted al&s;o &s;o much &s;eeming to the naturall right and common equity, that the adver&s;ary party hath allwayes beene held di&s;hone&s;t and inju&s;t; e&s;pe|cially when by publicke contracts it is provided, that otherwi&s;e ought not bee done. It may bee there will be pretended, that on the Swedi&s;h &s;ide, that what hath pa&s;&s;ed with thire &s;hips in the &s;ound, is alledged to bee a lawfull cau&s;e of this warre again&s;t us. But wee doe not doubt, when all impartiall men doe fir&s;t know, how to the arre&s;ting of the Swedi&s;h Ships by rea&s;on of &s;o manifold kowne and di&s;covered deceitfullne&s;&s;es, wee have beene compelled, and how farre wee have procceded with particular merchants not <HI>de facto,</HI> but meere|ly <HI>&s;ecundum ju&s;titiae norman,</HI> that if there hath beene made complaint of the fir&s;t &s;entence that was given in the fir&s;t in&s;tance, wee our &s;elfe (to te&s;tifie the more our de&s;ire to impartiall iu&s;tice, together with our Coun&s;ell of &s;tate) have rea&s;&s;umed the hearing of the cau&s;e, that then no man for u&s;ing our right will condemne us; e&s;pecially when by us in &s;uch a hearing, more was &s;eene upon the pre&s;ervation of neighbour|ly
<PB N="7" REF="4">friend&s;hip, then what the law required. Where now for the &s;taying and arre&s;ting of three, or at mo&s;t foure &s;hips, &s;o bloody a warre may pre&s;ently begin among&s;t Chri&s;tians, wee let the whole world judge. And principally by the ri&s;ing of any grievances there; &s;hould have beene followed the way that is pre&s;cribed in the con|tracts and agreements; then, if the matter had not beene remedied, the way to extremities had yet &s;till beene open: to which end our Coun&s;ell of State have &s;ufficiently declared them&s;elves, and offered nothing el&s;e, but a firme peaceable intention, and that in the like dif|ferences that &s;hould happen, the aforementioned ancient contracts and agreements &s;hould be followed: albeit the afore&s;aid Swedi&s;h Government hath no weighty cau&s;e to complaine: For no man al|mo&s;t in <HI>Europe</HI> is to be found that hath burned &s;o much the Com|merce with <HI>Tolls</HI> and cu&s;tomes and yet without right and equity, which our Subjects by thire cu&s;tomes, which heretofore they have laid at <HI>Dantzgik,</HI> in the <HI>Pillaw,</HI> and as yet take upon the ea&s;t &s;ea at <HI>Ro&s;tock</HI> and in whole <HI>Pomerania</HI> have heavily felt, And though they had not the lea&s;t right to it, yet &s;o &s;harpe was therewith proceeded, that neither our owne proper goods, nor our Sonnes, though thire pa&s;&s;es have beene produced, have beene free of it. Which though it cannot be excu&s;ed with any right, hath become a farre greater and heavier grievance, which hath dured the&s;e many yeares; however for all that, we intended not to di&s;turbe further the Common-Weale not to occa&s;ion the &s;pilling of more Chri&s;tian blood; But in ca&s;e the <HI>Swedes</HI> &s;hould thinke, that by the proceeding in the &s;ound again&s;t &s;ome few of thire Ships, though not without right and equity, they had yet &s;ufficient cau&s;e to this warre, &s;urely every one would the more perceive our uprightne&s;&s;e towards them, con&s;idering that though in that way a farre greater, and a farre more inexcu&s;able cau&s;e to warre by the aforenamed proceedings hath beene given to us, and that the like opportunity, as they apprehended now, nor the brave pro|fers of tho&s;e, that highly laboured to draw us al&s;o into the play, wee have not wanted: notwith&s;tanding wee would neither this, not that, &s;uffer to move us, for to undertake any thing again&s;t Con&s;|cience Religion, Contracts and agreements: whether al&s;o all that, what was lawfull to the <HI>Swedes</HI> contrary to the word of God and the
<PB N="8" REF="5">naturall equity, be not al&s;o permited to us, we would faine know, wherein hath &s;inned the raigning Duke of <HI>Holstein</HI> and the other Dukes of the <HI>Sonderburgi&s;h</HI> line, which al&s;o neither the nigh con&s;an|guinity with the Queene nor <HI>Communia Sacra</HI> could &s;ave. All this we mu&s;t commit to God, who is an enemy to all bloodthir&s;ty and fal&s;e hearts, but wee doubt not at all but that the whole impartiall world will now ea&s;ily judge, and cleerly conclude out of the&s;e inexcu&s;able proceedings again&s;t us of the Swedi&s;h intention and de&s;igne of the moderne warre how fal&s;ely the defence and pre&s;ervation of the Pro|te&s;tant Religion as a finall cau&s;e of thire taking up of armes, hath hi|terto beene pretended; when they make no con&s;cience to fall out with us as a Prote&s;tant Potentate without any necee&s;&s;ity, right and cau&s;e, and to ruinate wholly our poore Subjects, that in whole <HI>Europe</HI> no Prote&s;tant King, Electour or Prince may bee free of mine. Whether now in &s;uch a way the Prote&s;tant Religion be defended, or whether there be holpen to the ruine thereof, I feare that all Prote&s;tants will feele to late with thire owne ruine and griefe, yea that this warre is begune only for the ruine and perdition of the Prote&s;tants, whereas hereby the neighbouring Prote&s;tant Cities, Commons and Subjects are highly prejudiced in trade and traffique, the already ruinated neighbours, which hitherto have provided them&s;elves againe out of our Country with all nece&s;&s;aries which had thire onely refuge thither, will not little grieve. To pa&s;&s;e by&punc; what hurt and dammage this warre by the totall de&s;olation of <HI>Germany</HI> will bring to the Pro|te&s;tant Churches and Schooles; In &s;o much that Gods Holy name al|&s;o mu&s;t be to the <HI>Swedes</HI> a cover for their fal&s;ehood and ill inten|tions. But being our innocency appeareth &s;ufficiently out of that, which hath beene &s;aid above, and the Swedi&s;h <HI>Modus procedendi</HI> a|gain&s;t us &s;tands thus, that every one of the neighbours may take an example thereof and provide in time for his &s;ecurity, much le&s;&s;e, the&s;e that afe in alliance with the &s;aid Crowne, aide or a&s;&s;i&s;t them as tru|ly is &s;aid <HI>Adinju&s;ta bella nulla e&s;t obligatio.</HI> For confedracies admit al|wayes this exception, when a lawfull cau&s;e is forced upon&punc; and fir&s;t no faire accord findes place then not afore they take their effect, which both on the Swedi&s;h &s;ide is put a&s;ide, and they rather meerely <HI>audendo &amp; bella ex bellis &s;erendo</HI> thinke to grow great: And therefore thire
<PB N="9" REF="5">confederates ought to take the more heed, and not permit them, nor tru&s;t them too much, le&s;t forgetting all faithfulne&s;&s;e and re&s;pect to Confederates, they may not &s;hew them the &s;ame unfaithfull and un|neighbourly part, that they have &s;hewed to Us and divers others, e&s;pecially being by &s;uch de&s;tructions of Treaties of Peace not Wee a|lone, but al&s;o all Potentates and Princes, that helpe to further them &s;eriou&s;ly, yea in generall all Chri&s;tian hearts, that have abhorred the cruell &s;pilling of blood, and mi&s;erable ruines of Countries, which for &s;o many yeares together have &s;o mi&s;erably overwhelmed a great part of Europe, and on the other &s;ide &s;ought heartily and earne&s;tly the re-e&s;tabli&s;hing of a happy generall Peace, have beene offended and hindered in their commendable purpo&s;e. For now it is as cleare as day-light, with what earne&s;tne&s;&s;e &amp; mind, the Crown of <HI>Sweden</HI> hath hitherto de&s;ired a peace in <HI>Germany,</HI> whereas not onely them&s;elves have di&s;turbed the en&s;uing Treatie, but be&s;ides began al&s;o a new war, without any ju&s;t cau&s;e meerely as haters of peace, as al&s;o, that the Commerce and Trafficque, that hitherto in &s;ome manner hath yet beene u&s;ed in the Ea&s;t and We&s;t Sea&punc; by the&s;e troubles and di&s;tracti|ons, is &s;topped and brought to confu&s;ion is onely to bee imputed and a&s;cribed to them as unruly and &s;hamele&s;&s;e authours thereof. Wee hope therefore, that every one will &s;eriou&s;ly take to heart this unchri|&s;tian and heathen-like attempt, and bee jealous of the blo d thir&s;tie; and on the other &s;ide afford to Us, (that have not onely beene hindered again&s;t Our will in the whol&s;ome purpo&s;e to turne off further &s;hed|ding of Chri&s;tian blood as al&s;o de&s;truction and de&s;olation of Coun|tries, but al&s;o without any forewarning have beene in a ho&s;tile man|ner &s;ubdued, &s;urpri&s;ed&punc; and beene robbed of Our owne,) a helpfull hand, and their be&s;t a&s;&s;i&s;tance to recover the &s;ame againe. And e&s;pe|cially Wee tru&s;t firmely, that the ju&s;t and omnipotent God, who ab|horres all Actions breaking Covenants and Peace, will fatherly pro|tect Us, and yet powerfully maintaine Us in that, what graciou&s;ly He hath be&s;towed upon Us.</P>
<CLOSER><DATELINE>Given at our Citie of <HI>Otten&s;ea</HI>
<DATE>the 30. of <HI>Ian.</HI> 1644.</DATE></DATELINE></CLOSER>
</DIV1>
<DIV1 TYPE="manifesto or declaration">
<PB N="10" REF="6">
<HEAD>The Queene of <HI>Swedens</HI> Declaration or manife|&s;toe concerning the inva&s;ion into the Domi|nions of the King of <HI>Denmarke.</HI></HEAD>
<P>_CHRISTINA by the grace of God con&s;tituted Queene and hereditary Prince&s;&s;e of the <HI>Swedes, Gothes</HI> and <HI>Vandalls,</HI> Great Prince&s;&s;e of <HI>Finland,</HI> Duche&s;&s;e of <HI>Ehe|&s;ten</HI> and <HI>Careliae,</HI> Counte&s;&s;e of <HI>Ingarmanlend</HI> &amp;c. To all our tru&s;ty and well beloved Nobility Gentry and Clergy, to all and every one in particular of our tru&s;ty and well beloved Subjects and inhabitants in our Kingdome of <HI>Swe|den,</HI> Principalities of <HI>Finland, Liefland</HI> and <HI>Ingermanland</HI> Greeting. The&s;e are to give you and all and every one of you graciou&s;ly to un|der&s;tand, that for tho&s;e many years pa&s;t we have &s;een, and could plain|ly perceive, how &amp; in what manner our, Neighbour the King of <HI>Den|marck</HI> in the&s;e heavy times contrary to our friendly tru&s;t and confi|dence we put in him, hath &s;ought all occa&s;ions and opportunities to hinder not onely our expedition in <HI>Germany</HI> again&s;t our and the Kingdomes profe&s;&s;ed enemies, and to &s;top the way for the attainng unto a good, true and firme peace (albeit he hath tryed and offered &s;ometimes both in words and writing to per&s;wade us the contrary,) but al&s;o e&s;pecially hath &s;trived to throw into our way many other roubles, in practi&s;ing our and our Native Countries wor&s;t, as much as po&s;&s;ibly he could doe. For fir&s;t during this German warre he hath troubled both &s;ecretly and openly our Armies and out landi&s;h affaires and alwayes made our burden to us more heavy and trouble&s;ome, and &s;ometimes often with good words, &s;ometimes al&s;o by force &s;ought to put us out of all our advantages, neither hath omitted al&s;o to de&s;pi&s;e and defame us and our Kingdome as much as po&s;&s;ibly he could. Afterwards in the&s;e latter times he hath openly &s;top't many of our Subjects, e&s;pepcially tho&s;e, that u&s;ed to have &s;hipping and trade through the Sound, and by unlawfull &s;taying and arre&s;ting of of the Swedi&s;h &s;hpis hindered thire living and trade, and be&s;ides al|&s;o again&s;t all equity impo&s;ed and charged our Subjects, in <HI>Liefland</HI>
<PB N="11" REF="6">and <HI>Narva,</HI> that trade in the We&s;t &s;ea, with double, yea triple cu|&s;tome; But al&s;o upon &s;ome, e&s;pecially upon the tran&s;portation of &s;uch Swedi&s;h commodites, which he &s;aw and perceived, would encrea&s;e the Trade and Merchandize, and make our Subjects to pro&s;per as namely ordnances, Lead, Armes, and the like; he hath laid a prohi|bition to take away thereby the workeman&s;hip here in our Native Country, and to keepe us and you under his &s;ubiection, Wherefore we truly perceiving a &s;ecret warre had iu&s;t cau&s;e, according to our duty, wherewith in our high and Royall office to our loyall Subjects for their defence and protection wee are bound to take upon us this un&s;ufferable oppre&s;&s;ion, and thire grivance; But con&s;idering the dan|gerous times and &s;ea&s;ons of this age, wee rather bore the like injury and wrong, then that wee &s;hould enter into any quarrell, or take up armes again&s;t the King of <HI>Denmarck,</HI> per&s;wading our &s;elves, of two evill and trouble&s;ome occa&s;ions; to be the be&s;t to &s;uffer and beare it with &s;ilence, to hope a good alteration, and meane while to &s;eeke that all mi&s;under&s;tandings and grievances may be removed by friendly and peaceable meanes. And therefore &s;ome few yeares pa&s;t by way of our letters memoriall, which we &s;ent to Servant and agent now re&s;ident in <HI>Denmarck</HI> have &s;ought to prevent and remove the afore &s;aid grievances, but in &s;tead thereof for tho&s;e three yeares together, we had returned unto us from him, nothing el&s;e but &s;cornefull words, and a denying an&s;wer. Now in this la&s;t yeare pa&s;t he went therewith &s;o farre and made it &s;o gro&s;&s;e, that directly contrary to all neighbourly friend&s;hip, and confidence, u&s;uall cu&s;tome, and cleare accords and de|ci&s;ions of the Kingdomes, as al&s;o contrary to all Lawes, Rights, and naturall cour&s;e and property of Trade, without giving any war|ning to us and our Subiects, the Swedi&s;h &s;hips and goods, which arrived in the &s;ound, and had their u&s;uall Certificats, as hereto|fore was aggreed upon, not only two or three, but as many there have beene of one and the &s;ame value and were laden with co&s;tly wares, which (after that they were forced to pay cu&s;tome and Accy&s;e of the Sweedi&s;h Goods contrary to the &s;aid deci&s;ions and agreements of the Kingdomes. By the deani&s;h &s;erchers have beene &s;earch't with a number of indi&s;creete &s;ouldiers guarded, &amp; carryed up to <HI>Coppenhagen,</HI> where afterwards the letters and writings have beene opened, torne
<PB N="12" REF="7">in peeces, and partly taken away; Che&s;ts and packs, broken and ope|ned, and the goods taken out and unladen; and when all that was done, the King of <HI>Denmarke</HI> made him&s;elfe not onely Judge over the Deci&s;ions and agreements of the Kingdomes, but al&s;o appointed and put his other Servants to judge over it which heretofore was neither u&s;uall, nor in any way agreeable with the afore&s;aid inland agree|ments and Deci&s;ions much le&s;&s;e ought Wee in our Royall Highne&s;&s;e and Kingdomes Right to, &s;uffer and endure it, without the utter ruine and de&s;truction of you and all Our loyall Subjects.</P>
<P>And after that Our Subjects in &s;uch a manner have been detained and burdened with unu&s;uall cour&s;es of law, the cu&s;tome fir&s;t of all was taken of them, and afterwards both Ship and Goods from them, and tho&s;e, whom their own was adjudged and declared free, have beene arre&s;ted again anew, &amp; guarded wi<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="UOM" EXTENT="1 letter">h the watch, yea at la&s;t al&s;o both their &s;hips and goods were taken by force from them. And albeit Wee (having &s;eene him more and more to proceed with all manner of enmitie and hatred, together with new plots in his unju&s;t purpo&s;e and de&s;igne, mi&s;u&s;ing the dangerous times of this age and e&s;pecially the heavie warres, where with Wee and our Native Countrie have beene burdened, and that all this is nothing el&s;e but an open wrong and in|jurie) tooke to heart our loyall Subjects wrong and their complaints, which they have made to Us about it, and this la&s;t Summer pa&s;t cau|&s;ed our loving <HI>Rix</HI>-Coun&s;ellours to di&s;patch &s;everall Letters, as is u|&s;uall to the <HI>Rix</HI>-Coun&s;ellours of <HI>Denmarke,</HI> and therein cleerely &s;hew|ed them and intimated unto him the unju&s;tne&s;&s;e of the matter, and that the like unju&s;tne&s;&s;e and wrong is contrary to the League, Deci|&s;ions and agreements of the Kingdomes, hoping and de&s;iring that they would ponder and con&s;ider rightly our rea&s;ons, and the nature of the cau&s;e it &s;elfe, prevaile &s;o farre with their Ma&s;ter the King, and pro|cure that to our innocent Subjects which have &s;uffered and endured &s;uch like con&s;iderable hinderances, and intollerable lo&s;&s;es, their Ships and goods might be re&s;tored without any dammage, Merchandizing and trading be reduced to its former cour&s;e; as al&s;o the Deci&s;ions of the Kingdomes according to former cu&s;tome, and as it ought to bee, may be inviolably kept, and maintained. But they returned Us not onely a number of vaine excu&s;es and groundle&s;&s;e remon&s;trances, but
<PB N="13" REF="7">be&s;ides al&s;o contrary to all friendly neighbourly confidence, as al&s;o &s;uch pre&s;&s;ing friendly vi&s;itation with Letters&punc; Wee were faine to per|ceive, and to under&s;tand really and indeed, that the King of <HI>Denmark</HI> was not onely not in the lea&s;t way altered and changed in his &s;et thoughts&punc; and evill de&s;igne, to de&s;troy and ruinate Us and our Sub|jects but rather was hardned in his purpo&s;e, and augmented the grie|vances and burdens more and more, dealt with Vs and our Subjects in a more de&s;pightfull and ho&s;tile way&punc; as before, and thus actually di&s;&s;olved all neighbourly friend&s;hip league and agreements, which in antient times have been made betwixt the Kingdomes, which mean|while ought to be ob&s;erved, and Hee not le&s;&s;&punc; then Wee to maintaine the &s;ame inviolably, &s;eeking thereby to make unto Us &s;hipping and trading betwixt the Ea&s;t and We&s;t Sea &s;o heavie and intricate, that the &s;ame mu&s;t fall of it &s;elfe, to &s;eparate Us thereby from Commerce, and Communication with the other Nations in the world, which God and Nature by way of &s;hipping hath granted to Us, and to our deare native Countrie and Kingdome: But principally to deprive Vs and Crown the of our meanes, and our Subjects of their living and encrea&s;e, and to force Us and You to pay Tribute and Cu&s;tome to him, and that not according to equitie, but as much as him&s;elfe plea&s;eth, as it hath happened in the&s;e later yeares, &s;eeking thereby to bring Us in|to &s;uch a &s;tate and condition, that Wee may not enjoy the good, wherewith God hath ble&s;&s;ed Us in our Kingdome, or make u&s;e of it for our<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="UOM" EXTENT="1 letter"> and our native Countries defence and encrea&s;e. And if this &s;hould be longer &s;uffered, not only &s;hipping and trading (without which our Kingdome cannot &s;ub&s;i&s;t) will be cut off from Us, but al&s;o all Fi&s;hing, which Our Subjects u&s;e for their maintenance&punc; by rai&s;ing of the Salt would be quite &s;poyled and brought to nothinng: As al&s;o all &s;orts of Mines, Smiths forges, and many other trades, which have beene erected with our and the Crownes, as al&s;o many of Our Sub|jects, great and con&s;iderable charges and co&s;ts, and are now in full u&s;e and practi&s;e, would peri&s;h and lay wa&s;t. So many thou&s;and men, that have undertaken it, and ventured all their e&s;tates in it, thinking to &s;eeke thereby their trade and living, would be brought to their ut|ter ruine and de&s;truction. Moreover, al&s;o Wee are certainly infor|med,
<PB N="15" REF="8">and know it &s;ufficiently, in what manner hee hath had, and hath yet daily in hand many Plots and Con&s;piracies to &s;tirre up and entice more enemies again&s;t Us and our native Countrie. Whereas now by the&s;e De&s;ignes and Plots of the King of <HI>Denmarke</HI> that have beene laid by him, and are here rehear&s;ed and alledged, it doth clearely ap|peare, what he intended again&s;t Us and ous deare native Country; So Wee (Hee having actually in &s;uch manner, and otherwi&s;e in many other wayes affronted Us, laid a&s;ide all re&s;pect to Us, to all Friend|&s;hip, League and Deci&s;ions of the Kingdomes, and Wee hereafter having nothing more certaine to expect from him then an open war) have beene highly forced and nece&s;&s;itated to let fall the re&s;pect and peaceable confidence, which hitherto Wee have put in him, to com|mit our ju&s;t cau&s;e to God, and to pro&s;ecute the &s;ame again&s;t him, to take up armes for the maintenance of our Royall Highne&s;&s;e, for the defence of our native Country, and protection of Our Subjects, and to u&s;e them with the helpe of the mo&s;t high God, &s;o long again&s;t him and the Kingdome of <HI>Denmarke,</HI> till he doe accommodate him&s;elfe to equity, and Wee can be &s;ecured gain&s;t further wrong, and Wee will not &s;tay, that He according to his former cu&s;tome &s;hall draw warre upon &s;uddenly and unawares. And therefore to the furtherance of this our Chri&s;tian and peaceable intention. Wee were faine to cau&s;e Our and the Kingdomes Coun&s;ellour, <HI>Fieldmar&s;hall,</HI> Our tru&s;tie and welbeloved <HI>Leonhard Torsten&s;on,</HI> with our Armie in <HI>Germanie</HI> to come into His Country and Principalitie of <HI>Holstein,</HI> and to take his Winter quarter there, and to keepe a watchfull eye to his plots, ho&s;tile de&s;ignes, and Wee on this &s;ide with our Dome&s;tick Armie to put our &s;elves into &s;uch a Militarie po&s;ture for the defence of the Kingdome, as the danger of the pre&s;ent times require, and Wee could doe, leaving all to God and complaining that Wee are forced and nece&s;&s;itated to this quarrell, withall wi&s;hing, that God Almightie would turne off from Us and you all misfortune, looke upon our in|nocencie, and mo&s;t graciou&s;ly maintaine and a&s;&s;i&s;t Our ju&s;t cau&s;e.</P>
<P>And whereas Wee cannot thinke otherwi&s;e, but that this will bee &s;trange to many, e&s;pecially to tho&s;e that heretofore heard either little or nothing of it, or al&s;o are informed thereof perver&s;ly by &s;ome
<PB N="15" REF="8">Adver&s;aries; Wherefore Wee thought it needfull to di&s;clo&s;e unto you Our loyall Subjects in generall, the condition and na|ture of the bu&s;ine&s;&s;e by the&s;e Our gracious Lettets, and to make it knowne unto you, withall graciou&s;ly de&s;iring, that yee as lo all Subjects, and lovers of your native Countrie will rightly con&s;ider the above&s;aid and other rea&s;ons, and ponder them well, what hath moved Us hereunto, and Wee enevitably were forced to re&s;olve to all that, again&s;t all perver&s;e per&s;ons, interpret them with a good opinion, and judge thereof rightly and ju&s;tly. And moreover, that you your &s;elves will be plea|&s;ed to take care for your welfare and &s;afetie, that with an una|nimous concord, and faithfull a&s;&s;i&s;tance, you doe deprive Our enemies and Adver&s;aries, which plot and practi&s;e Our and your ruine, of all their courage and haughtine&s;&s;e, and cau&s;e them to let fall their conceited hope, and &s;cornfull minde in &s;eeking to hate Us farther, and at la&s;t quite to oppre&s;&s;e Us.</P>
<P>And whereas Wee make no doubt of God goodne&s;&s;e, and liberall a&s;&s;i&s;tance; So Wee will hope al&s;o, that if you (as Wee graciou&s;ly expect from you) doe faithfully &s;upport Us in the Expedition of this great Cau&s;e, with all your &s;trength, valour and Concord, that Wee then with Gods gracious a&s;|&s;i&s;tance &s;hall &s;o much the &s;ooner, and &s;peedier, &s;ecure and free not onely our native Countrie, but al&s;o Us and you, all and every one of you from further unju&s;t extortion, wrong and injury of Our neighbours, which Wee &s;trive highly for, and &s;pare no labour, care, paines and trouble for to attaine there|unto; And your faithfulne&s;&s;e towards Us upon all occa&s;ions, Wee &s;hall reward and recompence you all, and every one of you, with all Royall graces and affections; And thus Wee commit you, all and every one of you, into the gracious pro|tection of God Almightie.
<PB N="16" REF="9">of <HI>Sweden.</HI></P>
<CLOSER><SIGNED>In witne&s;&s;e whereof Wee have confirmed this with Our Royall Signet, and the Sub&s;cription of the re&s;pective Tutours and Admini&s;tratours of the King|dome</SIGNED>
<DATELINE>Given at <HI>Stockholm</HI>
<DATE>the 16. of <HI>January, Anno</HI> 1644.</DATE></DATELINE>
<SIGNED>L.S.
<LIST>
<ITEM><HI>Matthias Soop</HI> in the place of the King|domes Sewer.</ITEM>
<ITEM><HI>Jacobus de la Gardie</HI> Mar&s;hall of the King+dome of <HI>Sweden.</HI></ITEM>
<ITEM><HI>Carl. Gyldenhelm Rix</HI>-Admirall.</ITEM>
<ITEM><HI>Axel Oxen&s;tierna</HI> Chan|cellour of the King|dome of <HI>Sweden.</HI></ITEM>
<ITEM><HI>Gabriel Oxen&s;tierna</HI> Baron of <HI>Morby</HI> and <HI>Lindholm,</HI> and Trea&s;urer of the Kingdome of <HI>Sweden.</HI></ITEM>
</LIST></SIGNED>
<DATE><HI>May</HI> 3. 1644.</DATE></CLOSER>
<TRAILER>FINIS.</TRAILER>
</DIV1>
</BODY>
</TEXT>
</EEBO>
</ETS>
