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<DATE>2010-06-11</DATE>
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<NAME>Alexis Jakobson</NAME>
<RESP>MURP</RESP>
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<TEXT LANG="eng">
<FRONT>
<DIV1 TYPE="title page">
<PB REF="1" MS="y">
<P>A MEANES TO Reconcile the pre&s;ent di&s;tempers of the&s;e Times, as things now are.</P>
<P><HI>Set out</HI> By a Member of this pre&s;ent Parliament.</P>
<Q><L>Tempora mutantur, &amp; nos mutamur in illis.</L>
<L>Scinditur incertum &s;tudia in contraria vulgus.</L>
<L>Vivitur ex rapto, non ho&s;pes ab ho&s;pite tutus:</L>
<L>Nec &s;ocer &agrave; genero fratrum quo&abque; gratia rara e&s;t.</L>
<L>Nulla fides pietas&abque; viris qui Ca&s;tra &s;equuntur.</L>
<L>Venal&eacute;&s;que manus ibi fas, ubi maxima merces.</L>
<L>Nulla &s;alus bello, pacem nunc po&s;cimus omnes.</L></Q>
<P><HI>LONDON,</HI> Printed in the Yeare, 1648.</P>
</DIV1>
<DIV1 TYPE="preface">
<PB REF="2">
<HEAD>The Preface.</HEAD>
<P>_THere was lately &s;et out in Print, a Paper, Entituled, <HI>The Wonder,</HI> Or, <HI>Propo&s;itions for a &s;afe and well-grounded Peace.</HI> I mu&s;t con|fe&s;&s;e, that the Preface and the Propo&s;iti|ons came from me, though not the Title: The meanne&s;&s;e thereof I de&s;ire may not be lookt upon, to the prejudice of the matter, but the Zeale of the Author to the quiet and peace of his Native Coun|trey: For, the Blood&s;hed, Rapine, and De&s;tru|ction, which now rageth among&s;t us, mu&s;t daily by the Continuance thereof, not onely make the Cure more de&s;perate, but likewi&s;e declare the wrath of God to be more heavy upon us. For if <HI>Tully</HI> a Heathen Orator pleading a Cau&s;e for his Clyent could &s;ay, <HI>Iugulare Civem ne Iure bonus qui&s;quam vult, mavult enim comme|morare &s;ecum po&s;sit perdere peperci&s;ci, quam cum parcere potui&s;&s;et perdidi&s;&s;e:</HI> Much more cau&s;e have we that are Chri&s;tians to avoid this needle&s;&s;e &s;hedding of &s;o much of our owne native blood, as is daily in every corner of the Kingdome &s;hed among&s;t us, to the un&s;peakable grief of all good men: So that it may be &s;aid as Saint <HI>Paul</HI> once &s;aid to the Corinthians, <HI>I heare there are Conten|tions among you.</HI> Is there not a wi&s;e man among you, but that you mu&s;t goe to &s;trife one with another? The &s;peedy ending of the&s;e Di&s;tractions (which I conceive may be ea&s;ily and &s;oone ended) if every man would lay
<PB REF="3">a&s;ide his owne particular, and onely looke to the &s;afe|guard of the &s;hippe wherein we are all Imbarkt, and in the pre&s;ervation whereof all our lives and fortunes doe con&s;i&s;t. This by the per&s;wa&s;ions of &s;ome freinds hath induced mee to publi&s;h &s;uch Rea&s;ons for the more cleare manife&s;tation &amp; Inducement of the former Propo&s;itions, my &s;elfe (knowing my owne Integrity) makes me no way a&s;hamed to own them. I am unwilling to impute blame to any partie, but rather that things pa&s;t, may be pa&s;t over, with the mo&s;t candor and lea&s;t bitternes, though my own &s;ufferings have been as much and as cau&s;eles, as mo&s;t mens have been. Only thus much I may ju&s;tly &s;ay for my &s;elf, as the Mag-pye did in the Poet, when &s;he was &s;tript of all her feathers, being askt the que&s;tion how &s;he came to be &s;o naked? made An&s;wer, <HI>Quid fuerim, quid &s;umque vide, meritumque requiri, Invenies nocui&s;&s;e fidem:</HI> This is all my end, onely de&s;iring God to give &s;uch &s;ucce&s;&s;e to this endevour by &s;o weak a means as may tend mo&s;t to his glorie, the good &amp; peace of this our native Coun|try, my &s;elfe being alwayes ready to &s;erve the Com|mon-wealth with the uttermo&s;t of my endeavours in the wayes of Peace and Truth.</P>
<CLOSER><SIGNED>Hen: Ander&s;on.</SIGNED></CLOSER>
</DIV1>
<DIV1 TYPE="preface">
<PB REF="3">
<HEAD>The PREFACE.</HEAD>
<P>_HAving &s;ince the fir&s;t beginning of this Parli|ament ob&s;erved the differences therein, both in their breeding &amp; continuance; the people holding them&s;elves grieved with illegall pre&s;&s;ures put upon them, both in the freedom of their Per&s;ons, the propriety of their Goods, and the liberty of their Con&s;ciences; and the&s;e wrought by particular men for &s;ini&s;ter ends by their intere&s;ts in Court, to the di&s;turbance of the quiet and peace of the Kingdome, as it &s;tood e&s;tabli&s;h'd by Law: The&s;e occa&s;ioned a de&s;ire by mo&s;t men, not only to prevent the like for the fu|ture, but al&s;o the puni&s;hing of &s;uch as were conceived to be Authors, Procurers, or Supporters thereof, thereby to deterre others from doing the like hereafter: And this trench't upon both Courtiers, Lawyers, and Divines. The meanes to reconcile and prevent which, as the times now are, hath incited me, being a Member of this pre&s;ent Parliament; and conceiving my &s;elf in duty bound to tender my be&s;t advice for the &s;peedy ending of this mo&s;t barbarous and unnaturall War that is now raging among&s;t us, which can produce no better effect, if not timely ended, then a generall de&s;truction of the Nation, who are now become a Scorne and Contempt to all Neighbours, (who were before look't upon with great honour and re&s;pect, yea, not without envy.) Be&s;ides, the high wrath of Almighty God, by the cour&s;es held and ob&s;er|ved in the pro&s;ecution thereof: I profe&s;&s;e by this advice, not to look upon my &s;elf, but meerly the good of my native
<PB REF="4">Country; and that, which I conceive my &s;elf bound to, both by the Oath of Allegeance, Supremacy, and the Prote&s;tati|on which I took this Parliament. And this without re&s;pect of any party, further then my judgement &s;hall lead me to. And I &s;hall likwi&s;e give this te&s;timony of my owne &s;incerity herein, that I being a Commoner of this Kingdome, and knowing no where el&s;e to live but in <HI>England,</HI> &amp; here, under a peaceable and free Government. In all ju&s;t things, &s;hall adhere to the Common-wealth, and the liberties of the Sub|ject; yet no way hereby to detract from the King, what may ju&s;tly be due to the Regall Power, and which it can no way be abridged of, without too much diminution: I have alwayes conceived, &amp; &s;till do, that the Regall Power ought to be limi|ted by the Law: And if it be debarr'd of its due cour&s;e in the execution thereof, God defend, but the people upon generall complaints &s;hould have remedy therein, e&s;pecially to prevent the like in &s;ucceeding times, con&s;idering the Government we live in is a mixt Government, by con&s;ent betweene the King and the People, as to my &s;en&s;e doth manife&s;tly appear by the words of the Oath of Coronation; which being ob&s;er|ved, the people, as bound in Con&s;cience, ought to yeeld the King all due Honour and Obedience to His ju&s;t Commands. Thus I have declared unto you, the openne&s;&s;e of my heart, herein, leaving the following advi&s;e to your be&s;t judge|ments, with my Prayers to God to give &s;uch &s;ucce&s;&s;e therein, as I, in the Integrity of my heart doe de&s;ire.</P>
</DIV1>
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<DIV1 TYPE="text">
<PB N="1" REF="4">
<HEAD>A ready way (as is conceived) to com|po&s;e the pre&s;ent Differences, as the Times now are. VVith the Rea&s;ons inducing thereunto.</HEAD>
<HEAD TYPE="sub">By a Members of the Hou&s;e of Commons this pre&s;ent Parliament.</HEAD>
<P N="1"><HI>1. _THat the King be immediately &s;ent for to come to</HI> Hampton-Court, <HI>without any Conditions or Guard what&s;oever, but according to His Maje&s;ties own plea&s;ure.</HI></P>
<P>That the King being under re&s;traint, and not at his free libertie, can doe no Act which can bind him either by the Law of the Kingdome, or Civill Law; both which lawes doe make void all Acts what&s;oever which &s;hall be done either <HI>per minas</HI> or dures of Impri&s;onment, &s;o that nece&s;&s;arily he mu&s;t be at his free libertie without any re&s;traint or tye but his owne free di&s;po&s;ition before he be in a Capacity to grant or confirme any thing, which cannot po&s;sibly be whil&s;t there is any re&s;traint, upon his per&s;on, or Armes afoot to enforce a non-performance.</P>
<P>That no Treaty or Capitulation can be had betweene a King and his people, but the people mu&s;t have their de&s;ires from the King by way of Entreatie and reque&s;t:
<PB N="2" REF="5">Which in all ju&s;t things the King ought to deny. And this appeares and is manife&s;t by the preambles of the Acts of Parliament of this Kingdome, Which for the mo&s;t part are declared to be granted at the humble De&s;ire and reque&s;t of the People.</P>
<P N="2"><HI>2. That the King, before His comming to</HI> Hampton, <HI>doe Publi&s;h His Proclamation of free pardon to all His Subjects of what quality or condition &s;oever, and for all faults what&s;oever, again&s;t Him&s;elf, His Crown and Dignity.</HI></P>
<P>That the publi&s;hing of his Proclamation of free Pardon &s;hews his Mercy to all his People, which is a particular, which the Kings have as Incident to the regall Authority, and ought by them to be afforded in Iu&s;tice to the people, but onlie where Nece&s;sitie or needfull Severitie inforces the con|trary for the Example of others in the future.</P>
<P>This will take away from the People all their ju&s;t feare of being pro&s;ecuted according to the &s;trictnes of the Law for their Crimes which they have committed again&s;t the King, his Crowne and Dignity.</P>
<P>It is in his own free power to grant a pardon either generall or &s;peciall for all things concerning him&s;elfe, Which pardon &s;hall clo&s;e the hands of all Iudges and Sub-mini&s;ters in any Court of Iu&s;tice to proceed again&s;t any Delinquent &s;o pardon|ed for any fore-pa&s;t Crime.</P>
<P>The King can grant no more then what concernes him&s;elf, the people mu&s;t nece&s;&s;arily concurre in the granting of any thing that may concerne them&s;elves. And this can no way be done but by an Act of Parliament in a free and legall Par|liament by con&s;ent of the three E&s;tates of the Kingdome law|fully A&s;&s;embled, King, Lords, <HI>and</HI> Commons, <HI>wherein the</HI>
<PB N="6" REF="5">King doth con&s;ent for him&s;elf, the Lords for them&s;elves, &amp; the Commons by their Repre&s;entative body by them Autho|rized by a free and unawed or con&s;trained Election of their Deputies; which they &s;hall appoint to con&s;ent for them: And &s;uch Act &s;hall conclude all men, becau&s;e all men do con&s;ent therein by them&s;elves or their lawful Deputies.</P>
<P N="3"><HI>3. That the King be forthwith re&s;tored to all His ju&s;t Revenues and Regall Power, which by Law is due to Him.</HI></P>
<P>Without His revenue be re&s;tored unto Him, He cannot &s;ub|&s;i&s;t, much le&s;&s;e maintain the Royall Dignity which His An|ce&s;tors hath flouri&s;hed in; to the great di&s;honour of the Nati|on, to have a King not able to maintaine His State and Dig|nity without the oppre&s;sion of His People; and without which he cannot manage the affaires of the Kingdome incident to his Office: For it is an old Adage, <HI>Indigentem operare bonae&s;t Impo&s;&s;ibile;</HI> And for a King to live by perpetuall begging, is to make Him and His Government hatefull to His People.</P>
<P>If the King be abridg'd of the Power of the Sword, he &s;hal have no meanes to compell or force Obedience to His ju&s;t Commands, nor maintain His People from the oppre&s;sion of greater men: But every man will do what &s;eems good to Him&s;elf again&s;t His Inferiour; for onely fear of puni&s;hment makes bad men fear to offend: And take away the Power of the Militia from the King, (which is in&s;eparable from the Crown) and neither ever hath, nor can be taken away from the Crown, then you take away the Kings Coercive Power to inforce Obedience to the due execution of His Lawes, or the meanes to &s;uppre&s;&s;e any Rebellion, Riots, Routs, or other mi&s;demeanours what&s;oever.</P>
<P N="4"><PB N="7" REF="6"><HI>4. That His Maje&s;ty take a Corporall Oath not to Governe any way but according to the known Lawes of the Kingdome. And what&s;oever Sub-mini&s;ter of His &s;hall do otherwi&s;e, to the prejudice of the Subject, ei|ther in point of liberty of their per&s;ons, or propriety of their goods, He will grant them no pardon, but leave them to the ju&s;tice of the Law. And likewi&s;e to give His Royall A&s;&s;ent to an Act of Parliament for His Suc|ce&s;&s;ours to take the like Oath, the beginning of every Parliament before both Hou&s;es, for the &s;ame.</HI></P>
<P>That this Oath is no more but the &s;ame that Kings do take at their Coronation, and therefore no prejudice can in&s;ue to the King by the often taking thereof.</P>
<P>That it is a &s;ecuring of the people for the true perfor|mance thereof, by often taking of it; and by &s;o doing, it &s;hall the better be kept in memory, both by the King and the States of the Kingdome.</P>
<P>It will keep in awe all Judges and other officers of the Kingdome, when they &s;hall find them&s;elves incapable of having any pardon for &s;uch offences, and the King made incapable from granting any &s;uch Pardon, as a per&s;on who by the Law can do no wrong to his people; but it mu&s;t be His Mini&s;ters, who by this &s;hall be in perpetuall fear of doing inju&s;tice to the Subject.</P>
<P>It &s;hal take from the King and His Succe&s;&s;ours all cau&s;es of di&s;content or grievance which may ju&s;tly grow between the King and His People in the point of extending the Pre|rogative beyond its due bound.</P>
<P>It will be a meanes to procure a hearty and willing Obe|dience from the people to the Kings, their de&s;ires when they govern no way but according to the Law.</P>
<P>This manner of way is pre&s;idented in the Iteration of the
<PB N="8" REF="6">Oath by <HI>Magna Charta,</HI> which was confirmed thirty times at lea&s;t, by &s;everal Acts of Parliament: which one Act might have &s;erv'd for a Law, if it had not been thought fit by our Ance&s;tors to be often regranted for the more firme ob&s;er|vance thereof.</P>
<P>That the taking from the King His Power of pardoning in the&s;e Cau&s;es, is no more then the taking away His Power to pardon a wilfull murther, which He cannot pardon, as the Law now is.</P>
<P>That in ca&s;e of blood, the next of kin may bring an Ap|peale for their Ance&s;tors death, which the Party cannot be letted of by any pardon what&s;oever.</P>
<P N="5"><HI>5. That a Proclamation be publi&s;hed for the Disban|ding of all Souldiers within the Kingdome, and bring|ing in of their Armes within ten dayes after &s;uch Procla|mation upon paine of High Trea&s;on, again&s;t all Refu&s;ers and their Abettors.</HI></P>
<P>There can be no cau&s;e to keep an Army afoot to the oppre&s;|&s;ion of the People, when there is no enemy to oppo&s;e, as there cannot be, when the King is e&s;tabli&s;hed in His Govern|ment.</P>
<P>That the Kingdome is &s;o impoveri&s;hed and wa&s;ted by the late warres, that it is not able to bear the charge of an Army any longer.</P>
<P>That the Nobility and Gentry of the Kingdome are &s;o ru|ined in their e&s;tates already, that there is no po&s;sibility that it can be recovered in a long time, neither will they be any way able either to contribute to the publick nece&s;sities, or well able to pay their debts.</P>
<P>This is mo&s;t effectuall for the disbanding of all Armies without delay; and may by &s;uch a Proclamation be more &s;pee|dily and ea&s;ily effected.</P>
<P N="6"><PB N="9" REF="7"><HI>6. That the Church-Government may &s;tand as it is E&s;tabli&s;hed by Law, having re&s;pect to tender Con&s;cien|ces, until &s;uch time as it &s;hall be altered by due cour&s;e of Law.</HI></P>
<P N="7"><HI>7. That His Maje&s;ty will be plea&s;ed to promi&s;e the &s;peedy convening of a National Synod of forty</HI> Divines <HI>of His Maje&s;ties owne Subjects. And that the Refor|med Prote&s;tant Churches may be entreated to &s;end &s;ome of their</HI> Divines, <HI>&s;uch as them&s;elves &s;hall make choice of to a&s;&s;i&s;t therein, for E&s;tabli&s;hing and Rectify|ing &s;uch an Unity and Conformity with all other Pro|te&s;tant Churches as &s;hall be by con&s;ent agreed upon, whereby to pre&s;erve Unity with them, both in</HI> Doctrine <HI>and</HI> Di&s;cipline; <HI>which agreement His Maje&s;ty will Con&s;ent to have confirmed by Act of Parliament.</HI></P>
<P>That no unity can be pre&s;erved either in Church or State, wherein there is no &s;et forme of outward Government pre|&s;cribed.</P>
<P>That the Government being e&s;tabli&s;hed by Law, ought, and mu&s;t be ob&s;erv'd till it be altered by Law: And that O|bedience is to be given to it, whil&s;t it is a Law; And that the Magi&s;trate ought to enforce Obedience to it.</P>
<P>That it will avoid all di&s;turbance in the Common-wealth, concerning difference of Opinions in point of Religion; a thing mo&s;t nece&s;&s;ary to be prevented.</P>
<P>That if there be any thing in the Church Government now e&s;tabli&s;hed, either Super&s;titious or Superfluous, which tender Con&s;ciences may take offence at, and may well be for|borne; It will be nece&s;&s;ary for the publique Peace and quiet of the Kingdome, to forbeare the &s;trict execution of the Law for the pre&s;ent in &s;uch particulars.</P>
<P><PB N="10" REF="7">That for the framing of Conformity with all other Pro|te&s;tant Reformed Churches, whereby the Papi&s;ts and Secta|ri&s;ts may have no advantage to &s;candall our Religion, ei|ther in re&s;pect of diver&s;ity of Opinions, or outward Ceremo|nie: A National Synod may be conveened in this King|dome, of Divines and learned men, whereby not onely the tenets of our Religion &s;hould be expre&s;&s;ed in <HI>terminis,</HI> but likewi&s;e the outward forme of Di&s;cipline to be u&s;ed in the Church.</P>
<P>That it will be much for the Honour of the King and our Nation, that the Kings of England &s;hould take upon them the Protection and Defence of all the Prote&s;tant Reformed Churches, and likewi&s;e to be the Head thereof.</P>
<P>As the Kings of <HI>Spaine</HI> make them&s;elves the Head of the Catholique League, and to this purpo&s;e that the Reformed Prote&s;tant Churches may be invited to &s;end their Divines to this Synod, that Agreement may be had with them in eve|ry point concerning either Doctrine or manners in the out|ward Di&s;cipline: And &s;uch Agreement to be e&s;tabli&s;hed here by Act of Parliament; which all men &s;hall Conforme upon a penalty.</P>
<P>This may be a ju&s;t Rea&s;on to prohibit all private Conven|ticles and meetings, wherein private Opinions are broached amongst the people, who thereby are drawn into Publique Factions, and do rai&s;e Sedition and Tumults for Religion, to the di&s;turbance of the Peace of the Kingdome.</P>
<P N="8"><HI>8. That His Maje&s;ty will be plea&s;ed to promi&s;e to give the Royall A&s;&s;ent to &s;uch Bils to be made Lawes, as &s;hall be pre&s;ented unto Him by both Hou&s;es, in a full, free, and Legall Parliament, which &s;hall no way intrench upon His Maje&s;ties Legall Prerogative, Honour, or Pro|fit, but onely &s;uch as tend to the better Government,
<PB N="11" REF="8">and ea&s;e of the Subjects, for the future.</HI></P>
<P>This is but ju&s;t for the King, to grant what the people &s;hall de&s;ire, not trenching upon His own due Rights.</P>
<P>This granted, &s;ecures all men for what&s;oever by-pa&s;t, that a free Parliament &s;hall think fit to do.</P>
<P>The King can do no more but for what concernes Him|&s;elfe.</P>
<P N="9"><HI>9. That His Maje&s;ty will be plea&s;ed to grant the&s;e for the pre&s;ent under His Hand. And which He will confirme at His fir&s;t comming to Liberty to &s;ome Hou&s;e of His own.</HI></P>
<P>More, the King cannot do, by rea&s;on of His Impri&s;on|ment, and may befit He &s;hould promi&s;e to do, for the pre&s;ent quiet and Peace of the Kingdome, as now things are, at His fir&s;t comming to Liberty.</P>
<P N="10"><HI>10. And if the&s;e &s;hall be refu&s;ed to be done, either by King or Parliament, the blame may ju&s;tly be imputed to lie there: And are very nece&s;&s;ary to preced a</HI> Per&s;o|nall Treaty, <HI>wherein all Intere&s;ts may be taken into con|&s;ideration.</HI></P>
<EPIGRAPH>
<Q><L>Si quid novi&s;ti rectius i&s;tis, Candidus imperti;</L>
<L>Si non, his utere m&ecirc;cum.</L></Q>
</EPIGRAPH>
<CLOSER><SIGNED>HEN: ANDERSON.</SIGNED></CLOSER>
<TRAILER>FINIS.</TRAILER>
<PB REF="8">
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