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<DATE>2011-11-02</DATE>
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<NAME>Alexis Jakobson</NAME>
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<DIV1 TYPE="title page">
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<P>A CONTINUATION OF THE HISTORY OF THE REFORMATION To the End of the COUNCIL OF TRENT, In the Year 1563.</P>
<P>Collected and Written by <HI>E. B.</HI> <ABBR>E&s;q</ABBR></P>
<P><HI>LONDON,</HI> Printed in the Year MDCLXXXIX.</P>
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<DIV1 N="1" TYPE="book">
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<HEAD>A CONTINUATION OF THE HISTORY OF THE REFORMATION.</HEAD>
<HEAD TYPE="sub">BOOK I.</HEAD>
<ARGUMENT>
<HEAD>The CONTENTS.</HEAD>
<P><HI>The Introduction. The Revolt of</HI> Tran&s;ylvania. <HI>The Siege and brave Defence of</HI> Sigeth, <HI>a Town in</HI> Hungary. Charles <HI>V, re&s;igns the Empire: He goes to</HI> Spain. John Sleidan<HI>'s Death and Character.</HI> Paul <HI>III, a Furious Prince: The War between him and King</HI> Philip <HI>in</HI> Italy: <HI>The Peace between them. The Affairs of</HI> England. <HI>The Dyet of</HI> Ratisbonne. <HI>The Death of</HI> Ignatius Loyola, <HI>the Founder of the Order of</HI> Je&s;uites: <HI>And of</HI> Albert <HI>Marque&s;s of</HI> Brandenburg. <HI>The un&s;ucce&s;sful Conference at</HI> Wormds, <HI>between the</HI> Romi&s;h <HI>and</HI> Prote&s;tant <HI>Divines. The War between</HI> France <HI>and</HI> Spain. <HI>The Siege, Battle and Taking of S.</HI> Quintin. Charles <HI>V, his Letter to his Son. The</HI> Spani&s;h <HI>Army di&s;per&s;e, and the</HI> French <HI>increa&s;e. A Per&s;ecution in</HI> France. <HI>The Siege and Lo&s;s of</HI> Calais: <HI>The Situation and Form of that Town.</HI> Gui|nes <HI>taken. A</HI> Turki&s;h <HI>Fleet land in many Places in</HI> Italy, <HI>and carry many into Cap|tivity. The</HI> Dauphin <HI>Married to</HI> Mary <HI>Queen of</HI> Scotland. <HI>The fir&s;t Overtures for a Peace between the Kings of</HI> France <HI>and</HI> Spain. Andelot <HI>Mar&s;hal of</HI> France <HI>ruin|ed by the Arts of the Duke of</HI> Gui&s;e. Thionville <HI>Be&s;ieged and Taken by the</HI> French. <HI>The Defeat of the</HI> French <HI>near</HI> Graveling. <HI>An un&s;ucce&s;sful Expedition of the</HI> Eng|li&s;h <HI>again&s;t</HI> France. <HI>The Treaty of</HI> Cambray <HI>began. The Parliament of</HI> England <HI>meet; and Queen</HI> Mary <HI>Dies. The</HI> German <HI>Affairs, the Death and Character of</HI> Charles <HI>V. The Succe&s;&s;ion of Queen</HI> Elizabeth. <HI>The</HI> Scotch <HI>Affairs, and the fir&s;t &s;etling of the Reformation in that Kingdom.</HI></P>
</ARGUMENT>
<P>IT was the Misfortune of this Great Man, <HI>John Sleidan,</HI> to die in that nick of Time, when the Fates of the two contending Religions, and of all Chri&s;tendom, were ju&s;t upon the &s;etling: It is true,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Introdu|ction.</NOTE> he lived to &s;ee the <HI>Augu&s;tane</HI> Confe&s;&s;i|on &s;etled in the Dyet of <HI>Ausburg,</HI> and perhaps he might hear of the Re&s;ig|nation of the Empire by <HI>Charles</HI> V, to his Brother <HI>Ferdinand;</HI> but then Death &s;ur|prized him before he could give any account of it; for with it he de&s;igned to have begun the next Book, in all probability, and to have filled up this with &s;ome other Accidents; &s;uch as a large account of the Revolt of <HI>Tran&s;ylvania,</HI> and the Siege of <HI>Sigeth</HI> would have afforded him. But then had he lived till the Year 1563, he &s;hould have &s;een the Death of Queen <HI>Mary, Henry</HI> II of <HI>France,</HI> and <HI>Charles</HI> V, and the &s;etling of the <HI>Roman</HI> Catholick Religion, by the Determination of the Council of <HI>Trent,</HI> contrary to the Expectation of all Men; which &s;eems to be the fir&s;t Period of the Reformation, and ab&s;olutely nece&s;&s;ary to give the Reader a clear Pro&s;pect and full View of the fir&s;t Joynt of this great Revolution. I have there|fore per&s;uaded the Stationer to add a Suppliment to this Ver&s;ion, for that purpo&s;e; and becau&s;e I am a Member of the Religion by Law e&s;tabli&s;hed, and not willing to
<PB N="4" REF="3">offend them of the other Per&s;ua&s;ions, I re&s;olve to advance nothing in it but from Authors, who lived and dyed in the Communion of the Church of <HI>Rome,</HI> &s;hewing the matter of Fact with great Brevity, and making few or no Reflections of my own: That &s;o the Reader may be left entirely to him&s;elf, to think what he Plea&s;e, and God &s;hall direct him.</P>
<P>I will begin with the Bu&s;ine&s;s of <HI>Tran&s;ylvania: John</HI> the la&s;t King of <HI>Hungary,</HI> dyed of Joy for the birth of his Son,<MILESTONE N="1556" UNIT="year"> in the Year 1539: His Son being left thus an Infant,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Revolt of <HI>Tran&s;ylva|nia.</HI></NOTE> his Mother the Queen Regent, put him under the Protection of <HI>Solyman,</HI> Emperour of the <HI>Turks,</HI> to &s;ecure him from the Violence of <HI>Ferdinand,</HI> who claimed that Kingdom; and thereupon a &s;harp War en&s;ued, which ended in the advance|ment of the <HI>Turki&s;h</HI> Intere&s;t, and the lo&s;s of both tho&s;e Princes, the <HI>Turk</HI> taking <HI>Quinque Eccle&s;iae, Gran</HI> and <HI>Albaregalis,</HI> in the Year 1544; <HI>Teme&s;war, Lippa,</HI> and &s;ome others in the Year 1548: Whereupon <HI>Ferdinand</HI> finding him&s;elf too weak to deal with that potent warlike Prince, in the Year 1549 offered him 30000 Du|cats of yearly Tribute for <HI>Tran&s;ylvania:</HI> But this De&s;ign failing, in the Year 1551, he forced the Queen of <HI>Hungary</HI> to re&s;ign <HI>Tran&s;ylvania,</HI> to whom in lieu of it he gave <HI>Ca&s;&s;ovia,</HI> and a Pen&s;ion of 100000 Ducats yearly. And in the Year 1552, he made <HI>Stephen Dobus,</HI> who had performed great Services for him again&s;t the <HI>Turks</HI> this Year in the Defence of <HI>Agria,</HI> Vaivode of <HI>Tran&s;ylvania:</HI> He continued qui|etly in the Po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ion of it, till the Year 1556; and then another Di&s;turbance aro&s;e in this Principality, which is &s;hortly hinted at by King <HI>Ferdinand,</HI> in his Letter to the Dyet at <HI>Ratisbonne.</HI> Among other things, <HI>Ferdinand</HI> had promi&s;ed, That he would not burthen <HI>Tran&s;ylvania</HI> with any Garri&s;ons of Foreigners; But whether out of Nece&s;&s;ity, or for fear of the <HI>Turks,</HI> he had kept a &s;trong Guard of <HI>Spani&s;h</HI> Soldiers there, who had done great Injuries to the Inhabitants; whereupon one <HI>Peter Petrowic,</HI> underhand, dealt with <HI>Solyman</HI> for &s;upplies, and began a Re|volt in favour of one <HI>John,</HI> who&s;e Family is not known, who then a&s;pired to this mi&s;erable Principality, and hoped by drawing the <HI>Turks</HI> into <HI>Hungary,</HI> to gain the greate&s;t part of that Kingdom for him&s;elf, and had called a Dyet at <HI>Thorda,</HI> in <HI>March,</HI> 1555, which was di&s;appointed by the <HI>Spaniards.</HI> The <HI>Turks</HI> were not without their Complaints too, for tho' <HI>Ferdinand</HI> had &s;ent Amba&s;&s;adours to treat a Peace, yet <HI>Solyman</HI> being engaged in a War with the <HI>Per&s;ians,</HI> he was not at lei&s;ure, or perhaps not much inclined to make a Peace with <HI>Ferdinand,</HI> but kept his Amba&s;|&s;adours two Years at <HI>Con&s;tantinople,</HI> to little or no Purpo&s;e; and <HI>Ferdinand</HI> being thus held in Su&s;pen&s;e, was forced to keep great Garri&s;ons in his Frontier Towns, and among them the <HI>Heyducks</HI> were imployed, who having no Pay, made frequent inroads into the <HI>Turki&s;h</HI> Quarters towards <HI>Quinque Eccle&s;iae,</HI> and often &s;urprized the <HI>Turki&s;h</HI> Boats, as they pa&s;&s;ed upon the Rivers; nor was it in <HI>Ferdinand</HI>'s power to re&s;train them, as things then &s;tood. Hereupon the <HI>Turks</HI> began a War with the Town of <HI>Kapo&s;war,</HI> which was treacherou&s;ly re&s;igned to them by the Garri&s;on, and after it <HI>Babotz,</HI> and pa&s;&s;ing on, they attempted <HI>Sigeth,</HI> and came within Cannon|&s;hot of it; but <HI>Ladi&s;laus Kerezen,</HI> the Governour, gave them &s;uch a warm Entertain|ment, that the Ba&s;&s;a's Tent being pierced with a Cannon-&s;hot, he was forced to remove farther off, and three hundred of his Men being &s;lain in two Sallies, and Winter coming on, he was fain to Withdraw. This pa&s;&s;ed in the Year 1555.</P>
<P>In the beginning of the next Year,
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Sigeth</HI> be&s;ieg|ed and mo&s;t bravely de|fended by the <HI>Germans.</HI></NOTE> <HI>Solyman</HI> &s;ent <HI>Haly</HI> an <HI>Albanian,</HI> whom he had recalled from the Wars of <HI>Per&s;ia,</HI> to be Vi&s;ier of <HI>Buda;</HI> but with a Command not to enter that City, till he had taken <HI>Sigeth:</HI> He coming to <HI>Sirmi&s;h,</HI> &s;ent a Me&s;&s;enger to demand <HI>Sigeth</HI> of <HI>Ferdinand,</HI> who replyed, <HI>He had Amba&s;&s;adours at the Port, treating of a Peace; he had done no Injury, and therefore de&s;ired he might receive none, but was re&s;olved to defend him&s;elf if he were attacked.</HI> Whereupon the Ba&s;&s;a comes on, and finds <HI>Mark Horwatch</HI> Governour of the Town, who had &s;worn the Gar|ri&s;on, con&s;i&s;ting of two thou&s;and Foot, and one hundred and eighty Hor&s;e, to de|fend the Town to the utmo&s;t.
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Situati|on of <HI>Sigeth.</HI></NOTE> It is &s;eated in a mar&s;hy Plain, and on the North it has Dikes, which bring the Waters of the River <HI>Alme</HI> into the three Ditches, which &s;trengthen the Town; On the Ea&s;t it has a &s;trong Ca&s;tle, which had two Ba|&s;tions, and the nature of the Site made it impo&s;&s;ible to make u&s;e of Mines again&s;t it; and it was then a very Populous Place. <HI>Haly</HI> came before it the tenth of <HI>June,</HI> and finding nothing but Force could take it, the thirteenth he rai&s;ed a Battery of nine Canon on the South &s;ide: Whil&s;t this was battering the Town on that Side, he plaid his Granadoes on all the other, which burnt mo&s;t of the Hou&s;es, and a
<PB N="5" REF="3">part of the Walls, which were made of Clay and Straw; the twentieth of <HI>June,</HI> the <HI>Turks</HI> took the Counter&s;charpe, and the next Night they filled the &s;econd Dike with Faggots, and built another Battery on the We&s;t Side of the Town, which the Defendants were not able to de&s;troy. The next day, a great Breach being made in the &s;econd Wall, tho' the Town had burnt ten thou&s;and Loads of Wood, which had been thrown in to fill the Dike, yet the <HI>Turks,</HI> after four furious A&s;&s;aults, which &s;ucceeded not, took the Town at the fifth, and the Garri&s;on retreated into the Ca&s;tle. The <HI>Turks</HI> drew a Trench between the Ca&s;tle and the Town, to &s;e|cure them&s;elves; but the Town&s;men and Soldiers finding them&s;elves too much pen'd up for want of Room, made &s;o furious a Sally upon the <HI>Turks,</HI> that they &s;lew eighty of them, and recovered the Town. The next day, which was the twelfth of <HI>July, Haly</HI> renewed the Battery on the We&s;t Side, and that Night ere|cted a third Battery again&s;t a Tower called <HI>Haney,</HI> and a Gate near it, and drew a Trench round the Town to drain the Dikes, which he endeavoured to fill under the new Battery, and in this Work he &s;pent five Days. When by this means he had drained the Dikes, he rai&s;ed a fourth Battery over again&s;t the Ca&s;tle, and be|gan to play it with great Fury again&s;t the Ca&s;tle, twenty thou&s;and Carts being imployed, in the mean time, to fill the Dikes, on the Ea&s;t Side with Wood; but the Defendants fired that too, and under the Cover of the Smoak, made a furious Sally on the <HI>Turks,</HI> who were labouring to put the Fire out, and &s;lew &s;even hun|dred of them. They made the &s;ame Attempt of filling up the Dikes, and with the &s;ame Succe&s;s, on the We&s;t Side, the Wood being burnt, and four hundred <HI>Turks</HI> cut off by a Sally. <HI>Haly</HI> by this time began to find his Hopes of prevailing by Force abated, &s;o he fell to fawning and Flattery, and made them very kind and obliging Promi&s;es, if they would &s;urrender; but this was to no purpo&s;e, &s;o he fell to fill the Dikes with Sacks of Earth, and to rai&s;e Works with Skeps to beat off the Defen|dants. The twelfth of <HI>July</HI> he rai&s;ed another Platform again&s;t the Ca&s;tle, and bat|tered it with that fury for five Days, that the Town was almo&s;t reduced to De&s;pe|ration, and &s;ent a Me&s;&s;enger to King <HI>Ferdinand,</HI> to beg Relief; but con&s;idering how long they mu&s;t &s;tay for it, they re-a&s;&s;umed their wonted Courage, and made a brave Irruption, in which they fired all the Wood that had been thrown into the Dikes. This abated the Fury of <HI>Haly</HI> &s;o effectually, that he lay only pelting the Town with his Cannon to the twenty fir&s;t of <HI>July,</HI> and then was glad of an Oppor|tunity to draw off to &s;uccour <HI>Babots,</HI> which was a&s;&s;aulted by one <HI>Nada&s;ad,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Babotz</HI> be&s;ieg|ed.</NOTE> who fought this Army, and made a great &s;laughter among them: And after this, the Chri&s;tians retreating towards <HI>Cani&s;a</HI> lo&s;t two hundred of their Men, and among them a Brother of <HI>Nada&s;ad</HI>'s. Upon this &s;mall Advantage <HI>Haly</HI> returned to the Siege of <HI>Sigeth,</HI> but was entertained with Scorn and Laughter. He began another Batte|ry again&s;t the Ca&s;tle, and u&s;ed all the Arts and Wheedling and Terrour to per|&s;uade the Garri&s;on to yield; but the Be&s;ieged returned his Court&s;hip with military Sallies, and &s;lew a great many of his Men, and in one of them they maintained a Fight eight Hours again&s;t all the <HI>Turki&s;h</HI> Forces, &s;o that tho' the Town was above half ruined, yet the <HI>Turki&s;h</HI> General was forced the twenty ninth of <HI>July</HI> to draw off to <HI>Quinque Eccle&s;iae;</HI> after he had &s;ent away his Cannon and Baggage, he &s;pent above two thou&s;and of his be&s;t Men in this Seige, and yet he &s;lew not above one hundred and &s;ixteen of the Defendants; but then he &s;atiated his Fury on the &s;maller Places. This <HI>Haly</HI> was an Eunuch of &s;mall Stature, but very Corpulent,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Chara|cter of <HI>Haly,</HI> the <HI>Turks</HI> Ge|neral.</NOTE> Tawny Complexi|oned, of a Sowre Countenance, fierce Eyes, broad Shouldered, &s;hort Necked, and having two Fore-teeth like a Bore's Tusks, &s;o that a more ugly contemptible Per&s;onage was never &s;een; but he was a Man of great Courage and Subtlety. While&s;t he lay before <HI>Sigeth,</HI> the <HI>Germans</HI> &s;urprized <HI>Gran</HI> by Scalado;
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Gran</HI> &s;urpriz|ed by Scalado.</NOTE> a poor <HI>Turk</HI> came to give him an account of this Lo&s;s with &s;o much Con&s;ternation in his Looks, that <HI>Haly</HI> clapt his Hand between his Thighs, and &s;aid in &s;corn, <HI>This was the dreadful Lo&s;s when I was deprived of my Virilities.</HI> He was not long after forced, with great &s;hame and Di&s;honour, to enter his Government of <HI>Buda,</HI> where he dyed of Rage and Di&s;content. I have in&s;i&s;ted the longer upon this, becau&s;e it was one of the mo&s;t memorable Sieges in that Age.</P>
<P>Our Author has already given an account of the Re&s;ignation of the Kingdom,
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Charles</HI> V, re|&s;igns the <HI>Ne|therlands</HI> and <HI>Spain</HI> to his Son.</NOTE> of <HI>Naples</HI> and the Dukedom of <HI>Milan</HI> by <HI>Charles</HI> V, to his Son <HI>Philip,</HI> &s;oon after his Marriage to Queen <HI>Mary;</HI> and this Summer he re&s;igned the <HI>Netherlands</HI> and <HI>Spain</HI> to him; &s;o that he had nothing left but the Empire. This great Prince &s;tripping him&s;elf by degrees of all his Greatne&s;s and External Maje&s;ty, and feeling a great Plea&s;ure in the lightning his Burthen, being then at <HI>Sudbury</HI> in <HI>Zealand,</HI> and ju&s;t
<PB N="6" REF="4">ready to imbark for <HI>Spain,</HI> he made a Re&s;ignation of the Empire to his Brother <HI>Fer|dinand</HI> the &s;eventh of <HI>September,</HI> in this form. <Q><HI>CHARLES,</HI> by the Divine Clemency,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">And the Em|pire to his Brother <HI>Fer|dinand.</HI></NOTE> Emperour of the <HI>Romans, Augu&s;t,</HI> &amp;c. to all and every the Electoral Princes, as well Eccle&s;ia&s;tical as Secular, the Prelates, Counts, Barons, Knights, Nobles, Captains, Vi&s;counts, Governours, Lieutenants, Magi&s;trates, Judges, Burgoma&s;ters, Con&s;uls, Citizens and Commonalties, and all other the Subjects of the &s;aid Empire, our Faithful and beloved People, of what State, Dignity or Condition &s;oever, We wi&s;h Friend&s;hip, Grace, and every Good Thing. We being admoni&s;hed by many and great Rea&s;ons, and very much burthened with Our great Age, and with continual Annoyance of our Infirmities, which has almo&s;t overpower'd Our Natural Strength, and rendred Our Body infirm, which makes Us unfit for Bu&s;ine&s;s; and having long &s;ince determined, That Our King|dom of <HI>Spain</HI> &s;hould go to the mo&s;t Serene Prince, <HI>Philip</HI> Our Son, King of <HI>Spain</HI> and <HI>England:</HI> And having thereupon abandoned Our u&s;ual Palace, We have re|moved with Our Court hither, in order with the fir&s;t good Wind to embark for <HI>Spain,</HI> all things being now ready for that purpo&s;e, &s;o that Our Voyage can be hin|dred by none but God: Wherefore by this Our Ab&s;ence, the Government of the Sacred Empire belongs to the mo&s;t Serene and Potent Prince, <HI>Ferdinand</HI> King of the <HI>Romans, Hungary</HI> and <HI>Bohemia,</HI> and Our deare&s;t Brother, as being lawfully elected King of the <HI>Romans,</HI> and the next unconte&s;table Succe&s;&s;or after Us; the which Government has even already many Years &s;ince, by our A&s;&s;ent, been ma|naged by him, in our Name, with great Affection, he having born the Weight of of it (for us) with a true brotherly and kind Solicitude. That therefore the Chri&s;tian Commonwealth, and e&s;pecially the Sacred Empire, may &s;u&s;tain no Dam|mage (which God prevent) whil&s;t We are afar off; and that Our &s;aid Brother, the King of the <HI>Romans</HI> may tran&s;act all Affairs with the greater Authority, We have re&s;olved and declared, That as King of the <HI>Romans,</HI> he &s;hall have Power ab|&s;olutely of him&s;elf, without Our Concurrence to do, treat, and command all tho&s;e things, which to him &s;hall &s;eem nece&s;&s;ary and convenient, to the Dignity, Profit and Increa&s;e of the &s;acred Empire; in the &s;ame manner as We could have done the &s;ame as Emperour of the <HI>Romans.</HI> In truth there is nothing which We de&s;ired &s;o much, as to have been pre&s;ent in Per&s;on in your Dyet, before this Our Voyage, which is now a&s;&s;embled at <HI>Ratisbonne,</HI> one of our Imperial Cities, and to have brought the Publick Affairs to their de&s;ired End, by your Advice, and then to have committed the Government to Our Brother, the King of the <HI>Romans</HI> in it, in our &s;tead, whereby we might have admoni&s;hed you, to pay him that Obedi|ence, which is due to him. But Our Indi&s;po&s;ition of Body, which is known to all, would not &s;uffer Us to take &s;o long a Journey, and e&s;pecially by Land. Be|&s;ides, We con&s;ider, that the Slipping this favourable Sea&s;on for Sailing, is a thing of great Con&s;ideration&mdash;Wherefore, we being not able per&s;onally to come to the Dyet, as We de&s;ired and determined to do; nor to bring Our De&s;igns to their Ef|fect: Yet We were de&s;irous to make known Our Affection and Devotion to you all by this Edict, and di&s;covery of our Mind; and thereby expre&s;ly to command all and every of you, by the tenour of the&s;e Letters, and by the Imperial Autho|rity, under Pain of our greate&s;t Indignation, That ye, as hath been often &s;aid, yield to the &s;aid King of the <HI>Romans</HI> Fidelity, Obedience and Reverence, in Our Name, and &s;tead in all his Edicts, Commands and Actions, and that ye do not re|&s;i&s;t or di&s;obey him in any thing, but ob&s;erve him in all things, as You ought to do to us, if we were pre&s;ent in the Empire; le&s;t by doing otherwi&s;e, or &s;uffering your &s;elves to be per&s;uaded to the contrary, you do excite and procure Our great|e&s;t Indignation. And this is Our expre&s;s and la&s;t Will. Given under our Seal at <HI>Sudbury</HI> in <HI>Zealand,</HI> the &s;eventh Day of <HI>September,</HI> in the Year of our Lord 1556, and in the thirty &s;ixth Year of our Empire.</Q> I have &s;ought up and tran&s;cribed this rare Piece from the <HI>Italian</HI> Copy, in <HI>Alfon&s;o Volla,</HI> in his Life of <HI>Charles</HI> V. It was penn'd in <HI>Latin,</HI> but I could no where find the <HI>Latin</HI> Copy, and perhaps it was never printed, at lea&s;t I am &s;ure it is very &s;carce; and not likely to be ever u&s;ed again by any Prince, till Time &s;hall be no more.</P>
<P>The Emperour knew very well,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Empe|rour's Amba&s;|&s;adours to the Electoral Princes.</NOTE> &s;aith <HI>Thuanus,</HI> that next to God, the Right of Electing and Receiving the Re&s;ignation or Surrender of the Empire, was in the &s;even Electoral Princes, and that without their Con&s;ent and Authority this could not be done; and to di&s;po&s;e them to approve and allow this Act of his, he had appointed <HI>William</HI> of <HI>Na&s;&s;aw</HI> Prince of <HI>Orange, George Sigi&s;mond, Seldius</HI> Vice Chancellour of the Empire, and <HI>Wolfang Haler,</HI> one of his Secretaries of State, to be his Amba&s;|&s;adours
<PB N="7" REF="4">to them: But a War &s;oon after breaking out between the King of <HI>France</HI> and his Son King <HI>Philip,</HI> by the breach of the late Truce, it was two Years ere that Command of his took its effect.</P>
<P>In the mean time <HI>John</HI> Archbi&s;hop of <HI>Trier,</HI> of the Family of the Counts of <HI>I&s;em|burg,</HI> died, and <HI>John Laien</HI> &s;ucceeded him; and <HI>Adolph</HI> Archbi&s;hop of <HI>Cologne</HI> was &s;ucceeded by <HI>Anthony</HI> his Brother.</P>
<P>The Emperour &s;et &s;ail the fifteenth of <HI>September,</HI> with a Fleet of &s;ixteen <HI>Spani&s;h,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Empe|rour &s;ets &s;ail for <HI>Spain.</HI></NOTE> and twenty <HI>Flemmi&s;h</HI> Ships, all Men of War, be&s;ides the Admiral, in which he and his two Si&s;ters went. At <HI>Port&s;mouth</HI> &s;even <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Ships joyned him, and at the <HI>I&s;le of Wight</HI> &s;even more. He arrived &s;afely at <HI>Laredo,</HI> a Port in <HI>Bi&s;caye,</HI> where he was entertained by a great concour&s;e of the Nobility, and Deputies of the Cities of the Kingdom of <HI>Spain.</HI> So &s;oon as ever he &s;et his Foot upon the Shoar, he pro|&s;trated him&s;elf upon the Earth, and ki&s;&s;ing it he &s;aid, <HI>Hail my beloved Mother,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">His Speech at his landing.</NOTE> na|ked came I out of my Mother's Womb, and now I return naked to thee again, as to another Mother; and here I con&s;ecrate and give to thee my Body and my Bones, which is all the Ac|knowledgment I can give for all thy numerous Benefits be&s;towed upon me.</HI> His next care was to make a formal and a publick Renunciation of the Kingdom of <HI>Spain</HI> to his Son <HI>Philip,</HI> in this great A&s;&s;embly. After this he &s;pent two Days at <HI>Valladolid</HI> with his Grand-&s;on <HI>Don Carolo,</HI> in&s;tructing that unfortunate Prince in the Rules of Glo|ry and Virtue; and doubtle&s;s it was a noble Lecture which &s;o great a Prince, like another Patriarch, made to his &s;uppo&s;ed Heir.</P>
<P>From hence this Glorious Prince retired to a Place he had cho&s;en,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The de&s;cri|ption of the Place in which he liv|ed.</NOTE> to &s;pend the remainder of his Life, being a Valley in the Borders of <HI>Spain</HI> and <HI>Portugal;</HI> equally Delightful for the Temper of the Air, and the Plea&s;ant Crown of Hills which in|circled it, and &s;uppo&s;ed to be the Place where the famous <HI>Sertorius</HI> was ba&s;ely murthered. It is well watered with Springs and Rivolets, and rarely Fruitful, and lies about eight <HI>Spani&s;h</HI> Miles from <HI>Placentia,</HI> a City of the Kingdom of <HI>Leon,</HI> by the Town of <HI>Scaradilla;</HI> this Place he had remarked in Hunting, and had ordered a &s;mall Apartment of &s;even Rooms, fourteen Foot &s;quare to be built for him; and here he lived with twelve Servants, and one Hor&s;e for his own u&s;e, having re&s;erved an hundred thou&s;and Crowns for his Sub&s;i&s;tence, which was not over well paid neither, &s;pending his Time in the innocent Arts of Grafting, Gardning, and Reconciling the Differences of his Clocks, which yet he could never make to &s;trike together; <HI>and therefore cea&s;ed to wonder, He had not been able to make Men agree in the Nicities of Religion.</HI></P>
<P>Here he fir&s;t heard of the breach of Truce between his Son and the King of <HI>France;</HI> and though he was &s;omething concerned at it,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">Thuanus.</NOTE> yet he concluded the Ra&s;hne&s;s of the Old doating Pope, and the Perfidy of the <HI>Caraffa</HI>'s would end in the Ruine of the Pro&s;perity of <HI>France,</HI> as it came afterwards to pa&s;s.</P>
<P>The la&s;t Day of <HI>October</HI> (&s;aith the great <HI>Thuanus) John Sleidan,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>John Sleidan</HI>'s Death and Character.</NOTE> when he had brought down his Hi&s;tory to that time, with an exact Faith and Diligence, dyed of the Plague at <HI>Strasburg,</HI> in the one and fiftieth Year of his Age. He was born at <HI>Sleidan,</HI> a Town in the Dukedom of <HI>Juliers,</HI> near <HI>Dueren,</HI> and from thence he took his Name; a Per&s;on, who for his Learning and great Experience in Affairs was much e&s;teemed by that Age: He had &s;pent the greate&s;t part of his Youth in <HI>France;</HI> and being entertained in the Family of <HI>Bellay,</HI> had both learned and done great things in the Service of Cardinal <HI>John Du Bellay;</HI> but a &s;harp Per&s;ecution ari&s;ing in <HI>France</HI> again&s;t tho&s;e that were &s;u&s;pected of <HI>Lutherani&s;me,</HI> he went and lived at <HI>Strasburg,</HI> and &s;erved that Free City, and being by his own Employments much en|formed of the Carriage of Affairs, he added to what he had &s;een, what he had learn|ed from Men worthy of Credit, and wrote his Book of Commentaries.</P>
<P><HI>Paul</HI> IV had &s;ucceeded <HI>Marcellus,</HI> a &s;hort lived Pope, the twenty &s;ixth of <HI>May,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Natura iracun|dus &amp; pene im|placabilis.</HI> Na|talis Comes. <HI>Paul</HI> IV a fu|rious Hare|brained Prince.</NOTE> in the Year 1555, as <HI>John Sleidan</HI> has &s;et forth in his la&s;t Book; he was a Man of a Furious and unquiet temper, and made it his great De&s;ign to rai&s;e the See of <HI>Rome</HI> to its former Greatne&s;s and Authority; but not con&s;idering the pre&s;ent &s;tate of things, mi&s;took his Mea&s;ures: The Submi&s;&s;ion of <HI>England</HI> had rai&s;ed in him extravagant Hopes of Reducing <HI>Germany</HI> too, under his Obedience; but then the Peace of Religion appeared &s;o contrary to that De&s;ign, that it irritated him to the utmo&s;t, and <HI>he threatned the King of the</HI> Romans <HI>and the Emperour, That in a &s;hort time he would make them know, to their Sorrow, how much they had offended him, if they did not prevent it by revoking and di&s;allowing the things they had granted. That he might have no occa&s;ion to proceed as he intended to do, not only again&s;t the</HI> Lutherans, <HI>but even again&s;t them too, as Abettors of them.</HI> But all this Ranting Zeal mi&s;&s;ing its due
<PB N="8" REF="5" MS="y">Effect he began his Revenges on King <HI>Philip,</HI> the Son of the Emperour, who was the be&s;t Friend that See had then in Chri&s;tendom, by denying to admit him to the Kingdom of <HI>Naples.</HI></P>
<P><HI>Marc Antony Colonna,</HI> a Favorite of <HI>Philip</HI> King of <HI>Spain,</HI> had about this time di&s;|po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ed <HI>A&s;canius</HI> his Father, who was a Subject of the Popes, but had a great E&s;tate in the Kingdom of <HI>Naples,</HI> of all that lay in that Kingdom upon pretence that he was infected with Here&s;ie, that he favoured the <HI>French</HI> Intere&s;t again&s;t the Emperour, and that he lived a di&s;&s;olute Life: And the Accu&s;ation had been countenanced and encouraged by King <HI>Philip</HI> to that height, that the Father, as much as in him lay, at his Death di&s;inherited his Son, giving his E&s;tates in the Papacy to the See of <HI>Rome,</HI> and tho&s;e in the Kingdom of <HI>Naples</HI> to <HI>Victoria</HI> his Daughter, the Wife of <HI>Garzia de Toledo.</HI> This was made the Pretence of the en&s;uing War between the Pope and the King of <HI>Spain,</HI> into which the <HI>French</HI> and <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> were drawn too, and all Chri|&s;tendom almo&s;t imbroiled again.</P>
<P>The Pope however, con&s;idering that he was not able to deal alone with &s;o Potent a Prince as King <HI>Philip,</HI> under pretence of &s;ending Cardinal <HI>Caraffa</HI> into <HI>France,</HI> to congratulate the five Years Truce, imployed his Intere&s;t with the King of <HI>France,</HI> to per&s;uade him to break his Faith &s;o lately given, and to renew the War with <HI>Phi|lip.</HI> The Pope had before, upon &s;everal Pretences, clapt up the leading Cardinals, and great Men of the <HI>Spani&s;h</HI> Faction: And when the King, with all the Re&s;pect his Zeal for that See could in&s;pire him with, by his Amba&s;&s;adour, de&s;ired the Di&s;|charge of the&s;e Pri&s;oners, and the Re&s;titution of <HI>Marc Antony Colonna</HI> to his Fa|thers E&s;tate and Ca&s;tles in the Papacy, the angry Pope Replyed, <HI>That he had Au|thority and Right to puni&s;h his Subjects for their Offences.</HI> And commanded his Amba&s;|&s;adour to write to his Ma&s;ter, <HI>not to meddle with what did not belong to him, and that he &s;hould permit him as Pope, to exerci&s;e his Soveraignty freely on his own Subjects.</HI> And accordingly he &s;eized all <HI>Colonna</HI>'s Ca&s;tles and E&s;tates in the Dominions of the Church, pretending to revenge the Wrongs he had done to <HI>A&s;canius</HI> his innocent Fa|ther, with the con&s;ent of his Mother, who was al&s;o &s;everely treated by the Pope; and not contented with all this, he declared the Kingdom of <HI>Naples</HI> forfeited to the See of <HI>Rome,</HI> becau&s;e King <HI>Philip</HI> had neglected the Payment of eight thou&s;and Crowns due as a yearly Tribute for that Kingdom,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">He annexes the Kingdom of <HI>Naples</HI> to the See of <HI>Rome.</HI></NOTE> and now many Years in Arrear; whereupon his Holine&s;s publi&s;hed an Edict, by which he annexed that Kingdom, as forfeited to the See of <HI>Rome;</HI> and began to fortifie <HI>Paliano</HI> a City of <HI>Champagna di Roma,</HI> thirty miles from <HI>Rome</HI> to the Ea&s;t, and put a thou&s;and <HI>French</HI> into it for a Garri&s;on, which the more exa&s;perated the King of <HI>Spain.</HI></P>
<P>The Duke <HI>de Alva,</HI> who was then Vice-roy of <HI>Naples,</HI> did all that was po&s;&s;ible to mitigate the Pope;
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Duke <HI>de Alva</HI> begins a a War upon the Papacy.</NOTE> but his Submi&s;&s;ions and Prote&s;tations more incen&s;ed him, his Flatterers per&s;uading him they proceeded more from Fear than a Reverence of the Holy See, which he &s;o much pretended. Whereupon the Vice-roy rai&s;ed twelve thou&s;and Foot and fifteen hundred Hor&s;e, and entring the Popes Territories, he took <HI>Ponte Corvo,</HI> upon the River <HI>Garigliano,</HI> one of the Pope's Towns, in the Bor|ders of <HI>Terra di Lavoro,</HI> without re&s;i&s;tance, and after that <HI>Fru&s;ilione,</HI> the Pope's Forces flying out of it in the Night. Hereupon the Pope al&s;o levied ten thou&s;and <HI>Italian</HI> Foot and &s;even hundred Hor&s;e, to which he added two thou&s;and <HI>Gascoigners,</HI> which were old Soldiers, &s;ent him by the King of <HI>France;</HI> and impri&s;oned one <HI>Lofredo,</HI> who was &s;ent by the Duke <HI>de Alva</HI> to per&s;uade the Pope to a Peace, be|fore the War was begun, and &s;taid at <HI>Rome</HI> for the Pope's An&s;wer.</P>
<P>The Duke <HI>de Alva,</HI> hearing this, pre&s;ently marched to <HI>Anagni,</HI> another City in the &s;ame Province,
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Anagni</HI> taken.</NOTE> which the Pope had made his Magazine; but here meeting &s;ome Re&s;i&s;tance, he &s;at down before it, and &s;ent the Duke of <HI>Toledo</HI> to take <HI>Veruli,</HI> in which he found &s;ome Difficulty, which he revenged by plundering the Town: Another of his Commanders took <HI>Babuco,</HI> and beat out the Pope's Forces; the other Places made no re&s;i&s;tance. In the interim, the Walls of <HI>Anagni</HI> being ruined, the Governour in the night-time blew up the Powder and fled, and left the City to the Mercy of the <HI>Spaniards,</HI> who plundered it with great Security.</P>
<P>Whil&s;t this was doing, <HI>Commilo Or&s;ino</HI> fortified <HI>Rome,</HI> and prepared it for a Siege, by cutting down all the Trees,
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Rome</HI> prepa|red for a Siege.</NOTE> and de&s;troying all the Hou&s;es, Walls, Gardens and Vineyards about it, to the Damage of ten millions of Crowns; which enforced the Ci|tizens to &s;eek all the means that were po&s;&s;ible to prevent this Deva&s;tation and Ruine, but in vain; and there was no le&s;s Care taken of the Ca&s;tle of S. <HI>Angelo,</HI> five Ba&s;tions and a Counter&s;charpe being added to its former Works. But when the Noi&s;e of the taking <HI>Anagni</HI> and the other Towns came to <HI>Rome,</HI> nothing could con|&s;olate
<PB N="9" REF="5">the Citizens, but fearing another Sack like that of <HI>Bourbon</HI> in the year 1527, they would not be quiet till the Pope &s;ent Emba&s;&s;adors to <HI>Alva</HI> to Treat of Peace.</P>
<P>In the mean time <HI>Alva</HI> took <HI>Valle di Montone</HI> without re&s;i&s;tance, and finding him&s;elf deluded with the pretence of a Treaty, he took <HI>Pale&s;trina</HI> and <HI>Segni;</HI> after this he marched to <HI>Tivoli,</HI> which &s;ubmitted without any di&s;pute to his will, who received the City under his Protection, and would not &s;uffer his Soldiers to enter into it. Tho&s;e of <HI>Vico-Varo,</HI> a &s;trong and populous Town upon the <HI>Teuerone,</HI> promi&s;ed <HI>Or&s;ino</HI> to defend them&s;elves bravely; but &s;eeing their Fields, Gardens, Vineyards and Countrey Hou&s;es go to wrack, they de&s;ired <HI>Or&s;ino</HI> to provide for him&s;elf, who thereupon &s;ent to <HI>Alva</HI> for leave to march away with Drums beating and Colours flying, as if no enemy had been near, which the civil good natured enemy granted, and thereupon he entred the Town; and though he promi&s;ed to leave but &s;ixty <HI>Spaniards</HI> in gari&s;on, took the liberty afterward to do as he thought fit. This Town by rea&s;on of its Greatne&s;s, Strength and Populou&s;ne&s;s, might have defended it &s;elf again&s;t a greater Army than that of the <HI>Spaniards</HI> if they had had the Courage; and was &s;urrendered very opportunely for the <HI>Spaniard.</HI></P>
<P>The Pope began to want Money, but dur&s;t ask none of the Citizens of <HI>Rome,</HI> becau&s;e they were at great charges to fortifie the City: He &s;olicited the <HI>Venetians</HI> al&s;o, to enter into the War, but they were for a Peace between the Parties; but then there was &s;o much Pride on the one &s;ide, and &s;o much Anger on the other, that nothing could be effected. The <HI>French</HI> that were in the City were very trouble&s;ome to the <HI>Romans</HI> for want of their pay, which occa&s;ioned many Thefts and Robberies, and that in the day time. <HI>Alva</HI> having refre&s;hed his Forces a &s;mall time after the taking <HI>Vico-Varo,</HI> drew them into the Field and took <HI>To&s;colano San Marino, Grotta Ferrata</HI> and <HI>Gandol&s;o,</HI> and from <HI>Grotta Ferrata</HI> marched towards <HI>O&s;tia.</HI> The inhabi|tants of <HI>Nettuno</HI> &s;ubmitted to him, and defended his men again&s;t tho&s;e of <HI>Velletri,</HI> who a&s;&s;aulted them in the Suburbs of <HI>Nettuno.</HI> The Pope &s;eeing his weakne&s;s, &s;ent again to the <HI>French</HI> King to declare a war again&s;t the <HI>Spaniards,</HI> and at la&s;t obtained his de&s;ire in that point.</P>
<P>The Duke <HI>De Alva</HI> coming before <HI>O&s;tia</HI> (this City was heretofore a very con&s;i|derable place, but being ruined by Wars and time, and now almo&s;t de&s;olate,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Seige of <HI>O&s;tia.</HI></NOTE> though the Governour had be&s;towed &s;ome time and pains in fortifying it) but however this place pre&s;erved it &s;elf and beat off the <HI>Spaniards</HI> with great lo&s;s &s;everal times, but at la&s;t the Ca&s;tle of it was taken too, after which a Truce en&s;ued, and <HI>Alva</HI> return'd in|to the Kingdom of <HI>Naples</HI> with the <HI>Spani&s;h</HI> Hor&s;e, leaving the Foot in the Towns he had taken. The Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> was on the way for <HI>Italy</HI> with a great &s;upply, and the Pope in the time of the Truce, was very earne&s;t with the <HI>Venetians</HI> to joyn with him, but to no purpo&s;e. And thus &s;tood Affairs in the beginning of the next year in <HI>Italy.</HI></P>
<P>In <HI>France, Henry</HI> the Second having been won by the Arts of Cardinal <HI>Caraffa</HI> to break his Oath, the Admiral <HI>Coligni</HI> the Sixth of <HI>January</HI> attempted to &s;urpri&s;e <HI>Doway,</HI>
<MILESTONE N="1557" UNIT="year"> but was di&s;covered and prevented, but he took and plundered <HI>Leus,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The <HI>French</HI> Affairs.</NOTE> a Town in <HI>Artois,</HI> u&s;ing the people with great barbarity. In the mean time the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> had pa&s;&s;ed the <HI>Alps,</HI> in the depth of the winter, with an Army of Twelve Thou&s;and Foot and Five Thou&s;and and Three Hundred armed Hor&s;e, and Eight Hundred and Eight Light-Hor&s;e, with which Forces he be&s;ieged <HI>Valenza,</HI> a &s;trong Town in the Dutchy of <HI>Milan;</HI> and after he had battered it five daies,
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Valenza</HI> taken.</NOTE> &s;torm'd and took the Town the twentieth day of <HI>January,</HI> and a few daies after the Ca&s;tle. He di&s;|mantled the Town, but at the reque&s;t of the Pope, he pre&s;erved the Ca&s;tle. From thence he pa&s;&s;ed into the Dukedome of <HI>Ferrara,</HI> where he was re&s;pectively enter|tained by the Duke, who had declared for the Pope, but he would not go with him to <HI>Bononia,</HI> fearing his Countries might be invaded by the <HI>Spaniards</HI> and their Allies in his ab&s;ence; but however the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> went thither with his Forces, where he found an hearty welcome, but no Forces to joyn with him, which much di&s;pleas'd him.</P>
<P>In the mean time the Pope finding the inconvenience of having <HI>O&s;tia</HI> in the ene|mies hands, which deprived <HI>Rome</HI> of the benefit of the Sea,
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>O&s;tia</HI> retaken by the Pope.</NOTE> and &s;ending &s;ome Forces thither, it was Surrendred, after a &s;hort defence, upon the account of an Inundation of the River. After which the Pope recovered mo&s;t of the other Towns as ea&s;ily as he had lo&s;t them.</P>
<PB N="10" REF="6">
<P>In the Spring the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> began the War with the Sack of <HI>Compli,</HI> a &s;mall City of <HI>Abruzzo,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The War in <HI>Italy</HI> under the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e.</HI></NOTE> which being taken by Scalado was &s;everely treated; the Spoil of this City was e&s;timated at two hundred thou&s;and Crowns, great part of which was found in the Ruines of the City, where it had been hid many Ages, and was un|known to the Inhabitants. The 24 of <HI>April,</HI> the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> &s;at down before <HI>Civitella,</HI> a City of <HI>Abruzzo,</HI> built upon an high Hill, and very &s;teep on the North, on the top of which it had a Ca&s;tle, ruined by its own Inhabitants, in the time of <HI>Charles</HI> VIII, for fear it &s;hould have been Garri&s;on'd by the <HI>French.</HI> This City would not yield, and therefore the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> was forced to &s;tay before it till the Cannon could be brought from <HI>Ancona</HI> and <HI>Ferrara</HI> to batter it; but when all was done, this &s;mall place, by the nature of its &s;ituation, and the Courage of its Inhabitants, baffled all their Attempts, and forced the <HI>French,</HI> after a long Siege, to retire, and leave it. The Women of this Town contributed very much to the &s;aving of it, not only by working at the Breaches, tho' many of them were &s;lain by the Enemies Shot, but al&s;o by taking mens Cloaths, and appearing in Arms among them in the &s;ight of the Enemy, &s;o that the Defendants &s;eemed more numer|ous than indeed they were.</P>
<P>In the mean time,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Duke <HI>de Alva</HI> takes the Field.</NOTE> <HI>Alva</HI> having brought an Army of 16000 Foot and 2000 Hor&s;e, con&s;i&s;ting of <HI>Spaniards, Germans</HI> and <HI>Italians,</HI> together with a good Train of Artil|lery brought him by Sea, he marched out of <HI>Pe&s;cara, May</HI> 10, and drove the <HI>French</HI> out of <HI>Givlia,</HI> a Sea-port-Town, about ten miles ea&s;t of <HI>Civitella;</HI> whereupon the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> having lo&s;t above half his Army, left <HI>Civitella,</HI> the 15 of <HI>May,</HI> when they had lain before it twenty two Days.</P>
<P>The Duke of <HI>Florence</HI> took the Opportunity of this di&s;tracted State of Affairs, and by pretending he was much inclin'd to joyn with the <HI>French</HI> and Pope again&s;t the <HI>Spaniards,</HI> which would certainly have ruined their Power in <HI>Italy,</HI> forced King <HI>Philip</HI> to give up the City and State of <HI>Siena</HI> to him, who accordingly took Po&s;&s;e&s;|&s;ion of it <HI>July</HI> 19. This whole intreague is de&s;cribed at length by <HI>Thuanus,</HI> but I am forced to be very &s;hort, the nature of this Supplement not admitting &s;uch long Digre&s;&s;ions.</P>
<P>Towards the latter end of the Summer,
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Segni</HI> taken by the <HI>Spani|ards.</HI></NOTE> <HI>Segni,</HI> a &s;trong City of <HI>Compagnia di Roma,</HI> having made the be&s;t Defence it could, fell at la&s;t into the Hands of the <HI>Spaniards,</HI> who plundred and burnt it, and &s;lew the greate&s;t part of the Inhabitants. When the Pope heard the deplorable News of the Sack of <HI>Segni,</HI> he fell into a fit of Melancholy, and &s;aid, <HI>He de&s;ired to be with Chri&s;t, and would with great Con&s;tan|cy and Satisfaction, expect the Crown of Martyrdom,;</HI> As if (&s;ays <HI>Thuanus</HI>) this had been the Cau&s;e of God: And that he had not been brought into this great Danger and Trouble, by a War which his Relations had involv'd him in, with great Ra&s;h|ne&s;s and Ambition.</P>
<P>Tho&s;e that were about him could not forbear Smiling; and knowing very well, That as the Pope had begun this War without Cau&s;e or Provocation, &s;o he might end it when he plea&s;ed upon Ju&s;t and Honourable Terms, King <HI>Philip,</HI> and his Ge|neral, the Duke <HI>de Alva,</HI> being both extremely addicted to the See of <HI>Rome:</HI> And therefore taking this Opportunity, they per&s;uaded the Pope to &s;end <HI>Alexander Pla|cidi,</HI> a Knight of great e&s;teem, to the Duke of <HI>Alva,</HI> to treat about a Peace, by whom al&s;o the Cardinal of <HI>Sanfloriano</HI> &s;ent a private Account of the beating the <HI>French</HI> at S. <HI>Quintin,</HI> which as it &s;unk the Pope's Intere&s;t, &s;o it rai&s;ed the <HI>Spani&s;h.</HI></P>
<P>Upon this the Duke <HI>de Alva</HI> took up a Re&s;olution to &s;urprize the City of <HI>Rome</HI> by Night, and treat with the Pope within the very Walls of <HI>Rome;</HI> and he came very early in the Morning under the Walls of <HI>Rome,</HI> and found the City in a pro|found Quiet, and altogether unprovided, &s;o that in all probability he might have &s;urprized it without the lea&s;t Re&s;i&s;tance; but as he took an Oath of the Captains, That they &s;hould not &s;uffer their Soldiers to plunder or &s;ack the City, &s;o it is ve|rily thought, upon great Rea&s;ons, That his Fear the <HI>Switz</HI> and <HI>Germans</HI> would have done this whatever he or his Officers could have done or &s;aid to prevent it, made him &s;top, and by his Pre&s;ence try if he could affright the Old Pope into a Compli|ance. However, <HI>Thuanus</HI> is of Opinion, he truly de&s;igned to &s;urprize the City, but that his Heart failed him, when it came to the Point of Execution.</P>
<P>At the &s;ame time there came Letters from the King of <HI>France,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> recall'd.</NOTE> to recal the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> into <HI>France,</HI> where his Pre&s;ence was ab&s;olutely needful, and the Pope had his Ho&s;tages returned, and was left at Liberty to take the be&s;t care, he could of his own Affairs: Yet when the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> came to ask the Pope's leave to return, upon the account of the great Nece&s;&s;ity of his Ma&s;ter's Affairs,
<PB N="11" REF="6">there was a &s;harp conte&s;t between the Duke and the Pope, in&s;omuch that his Holine&s;s told the Duke, <HI>He had done very little towards the advancing his Ma|sters Intere&s;t, or the Good of the Church in this Voyage, and much le&s;s for the Im|provement of his own Honour and Reputation.</HI> In the mean time the Duke <HI>de Alva</HI> withdrew his Army to the Town of <HI>Colonna.</HI></P>
<P>The Duke of <HI>Florence</HI> had now obtained what he de&s;ired,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">A Peace be|tween King <HI>Philip</HI> and the Pope.</NOTE> by gaining the State of <HI>Sienna,</HI> the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> was gone for <HI>France,</HI> the Pope's Forces were &s;ufficiently baffled, and his Towns lay at the Mercy of the Enemy, his Trea&s;ures were &s;pent, and the <HI>Venetians</HI> had ab&s;olutely refu&s;ed to a&s;&s;i&s;t him; So that the Pope was now forced to come to a Treaty of Peace, in good earne&s;t, and it was well he had the King of <HI>Spain</HI> and the Duke <HI>de Alva</HI> to treat with, con&s;idering in what State his Affairs were.</P>
<P>The Peace was however agreed at la&s;t, upon the&s;e Terms. I. That the Duke <HI>de Alva,</HI> in the Name of his Ma&s;ter, &s;hould beg the Pope's Pardon, and it &s;hould be granted. II. That the Pope &s;hould renounce the Amity with <HI>France.</HI> III. That the King of <HI>Spain</HI> &s;hould re&s;tore to the Pope one hundred Towns and Ca&s;tles he had taken in this War, the &s;ame being di&s;mantled fir&s;t; and that they &s;hould re&s;tore tho&s;e E&s;tates they had &s;eized, to the proper owners. IV. That both Parties &s;hould remit all Wrongs, Injuries and Lo&s;&s;es Su&s;tained during the War, and Pardon all that had taken Arms on either Side: And that <HI>Paliano</HI> &s;hould be put into the Hands of <HI>Bernardo Carbone,</HI> a Kin&s;man of the <HI>Ca|raffa</HI>'s, to be kept by him for both Parties, with a Garri&s;on of eight hundred Men, till they &s;hould otherwi&s;e di&s;po&s;e of it by mutual Con&s;ent. The&s;e Ar|ticles were publickly &s;igned at
<NOTE N="*" PLACE="marg">Cavii<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="pdcc" EXTENT="1 letter"></NOTE> <HI>Cava</HI> the fourteenth of <HI>September;</HI> but there was a private Article &s;igned the &s;ame Day, That <HI>John Caraffa</HI> &s;hould have &s;uch a Recompence for <HI>Paliano</HI> as &s;hould be adjudged an Equivalent by the Senate of <HI>Venice,</HI> who were the Arbitrators in this Treaty. The Place meant was <HI>Ro&s;&s;ano,</HI> a Populous and Rich City in the Kingdom of <HI>Naples,</HI> which was to be granted to him by the King of <HI>Spain,</HI> with the Title of a Principality, which he might transfer to whom he plea&s;ed, if not an Enemy of the King of <HI>Spain's.</HI> That upon the delivery of this Grant and Place, <HI>Paliano</HI> &s;hould be di&s;mantled, and <HI>Caraffa</HI> &s;hould yield up all his Right in it to the King of <HI>Spain,</HI> which he al&s;o might a&s;&s;ign to whom he plea&s;ed, if he were not Excommunicated, or the Pope's &s;worn Enemy; which was added to exclude <HI>Mark Anthony Colonna,</HI> and was ea&s;ily granted by the Duke <HI>de Alva,</HI> in complyance with the Moro&s;e and Inex|orable Humour (they are <HI>Thuanus</HI>'s Words) of the Old Gentleman, who would &s;oon die, and then the King might di&s;po&s;e of <HI>Paliano</HI> as he thought fit.</P>
<P>The Duke <HI>de Alva,</HI> in a &s;hort time after went to <HI>Rome,</HI> and on his Knees begged the Pope's Pardon, with as much Humility as could have been wi&s;h|ed: And the Pope ab&s;olved him and his Ma&s;ter with as much Haughtine&s;s as ever need to have been u&s;ed.</P>
<P>The great De&s;ire I had to lay all this <HI>Italian</HI> War together, has made me omit &s;ome things that happened in the former Year,
<MILESTONE N="1556" UNIT="year"> among which one was the Death of <HI>Francis Venero,</HI> Duke of <HI>Venice,</HI> to whom &s;ucceeded <HI>Laurentius Prioli,</HI> a Learn|ed, Wi&s;e, Eloquent and Magnificent Gentleman; &s;o that for many Years af|ter his Death, the <HI>Venetians</HI> regretted the Lo&s;s of him, and wi&s;hed for &s;uch another.</P>
<P>In <HI>England</HI> the Per&s;ecution was &s;o far from extirpating the Reformation,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Affairs of <HI>England.</HI></NOTE> that it made it &s;pread; but the Quarrels at <HI>Frankford,</HI> among our <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Exiles, about the Liturgy, had a more Pe&s;tilent Influence upon that Religion then, and in after Times, than the former had. The Queen, in the mean time was very bu&s;ie in rai&s;ing the Religious Hou&s;es, and had nothing to di&s;gu&s;t her, till the breaking off of the Truce between her Husband and the King of <HI>France,</HI> which very much af|flicted her every way.</P>
<P>The Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> &s;hipped his Men at <HI>Civita Vechia</HI> for <HI>France,</HI> and him&s;elf took Po&s;t-Hor&s;es, and went by Land. The Cardinal of <HI>Caraffa</HI> went &s;oon after, the Pope's Nuntio, to King <HI>Philip,</HI> and <HI>Augustino Trivultio,</HI> to the King of <HI>France,</HI> to procure a Peace between tho&s;e two Potent Princes, who had been engaged in this War by the Pope and his Relations.</P>
<P>In the Interim the Duke of <HI>Ferrara</HI> was expo&s;ed to the Re&s;entment of King <HI>Philip,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Ferrara</HI> re&s;cu|ed from Ru|ine by the Duke of <HI>Flo|rence.</HI></NOTE> and had certainly been ruined, if the Prudence of <HI>Co&s;mo</HI> Duke of <HI>Florence</HI> had not prevented it: Fir&s;t, by &s;ending &s;low and &s;mall Supplies again&s;t the Duke of <HI>Ferrara,</HI> and then by maintaining and fomenting Differences between the <HI>Spani&s;h</HI>
<PB N="12" REF="7" MS="y">Commanders at la&s;t, by repre&s;enting to the Duke <HI>de Alva,</HI> who vi&s;ited him at <HI>Legorn,</HI> <Q>That the King of <HI>Spain</HI> had no other way of &s;etling his Affairs in <HI>Italy,</HI> than by quieting tho&s;e Commotions his ju&s;t Re&s;entment again&s;t the Duke of <HI>Ferrara,</HI> had rai&s;ed: That all <HI>Italy</HI> being weary of Wars, promi&s;ed them&s;elves a Peace would follow upon the Victory of that Prince; but now, if he &s;hould go on to make one War the cau&s;e of another, he mu&s;t expect to lo&s;e their Af|fections; and that mere De&s;paration would enforce them to take other Mea|&s;ures, and &s;eek new Allies and new Coun&s;els.</Q> This convinced that Duke, That it was his Ma&s;ter's Intere&s;t to make a Peace with <HI>Ferrara,</HI> becau&s;e then there would be neither Prince nor Commonwealth in <HI>Italy,</HI> that would have any de|pendence upon <HI>France.</HI></P>
<P>Our Author <HI>John Sleidan</HI> has only given us the Letter or Speech which began the Dyet at <HI>Rati&s;bonne,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Dyet of <HI>Ratisbonne.</HI></NOTE> but dyed before he could give us any account of the Tran&s;|actions there: After they had con&s;ulted of tho&s;e things which related to the State, and the <HI>Turki&s;h</HI> War, there aro&s;e &s;ome debate concerning the compo&s;ing the Differences of Religion. And here it was fir&s;t agreed, That all that had been done in the Treaty of <HI>Pa&s;&s;aw,</HI> and the Dyet of <HI>Ausburg,</HI> concerning the Peace of Religion, &s;hould remain firm and immoveable. But then tho&s;e of the <HI>Augu&s;tane</HI> Confe&s;&s;ion, pre&s;ented to King <HI>Ferdinand,</HI> by their Deputies, a Prote&s;tation, in Writ|ing, to this purpo&s;e.</P>
<P><Q>That King <HI>Ferdinand</HI> had performed a mo&s;t u&s;eful Office,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">A Remon|&s;trance of the Prote&s;tant Princes.</NOTE> for the good of Chri|&s;tendom, by &s;etling a Peace, in the Matters of Religion, between the Princes and the States of <HI>Germany:</HI> But then he had annexed a Limitation, which was very Grievous, That no Archbi&s;hop, Bi&s;hop, Abbat, or other Eccle&s;ia&s;tical Per&s;on, &s;hould receive the <HI>Augu&s;tane</HI> Confe&s;&s;ion, but that he &s;hould re&s;ign his Office, and be deprived of the Revenues thereunto belonging. That tho&s;e of the <HI>Augu&s;tane</HI> Confe&s;&s;ion did not con&s;ent to this Limitation, nor can they now con&s;ent to it; becau&s;e this was a denying them the Benefit of imbracing the Sav|ing and True Doctrin of the Go&s;pel, by which not only the Bi&s;hops but their Subjects too, were driven out of the Kingdom of God, which was not fit to be done. Be&s;ides, it was a Reproach to their Religion, to &s;uffer tho&s;e who &s;hould imbrace the <HI>Augu&s;tane</HI> Confe&s;&s;ion, to be judged unworthy of the Sacred Mini|&s;tery: And therefore they could not approve this Re&s;triction in the Dyet of <HI>Ausburg,</HI> without doing Injury to the Glory of God and their own Con&s;ciences; neither can they now con&s;ent to it. That this Limitation was an Hindrance to the &s;o much de&s;ired Union of Religion, &s;eeing thereby the Bi&s;hops were deprived of the Liberty of &s;peaking their Minds freely in Matters of Religion, becau&s;e they &s;hould thereby forfeit their Office and Revenues, if they approved of the True Religion. That on the contrary, the Peace would be much &s;tronger be|tween the Princes and States of the Empire, if Religion were perfectly Free. That therefore the Electors, Princes and States, who had imbraced the <HI>Au|gu&s;tane</HI> Confe&s;&s;ion, de&s;ired now (as they had al&s;o formerly done in the Dyet of <HI>Ausburg</HI>) That this grievous Limitation and Re&s;triction might be aboli&s;hed; and that it might be free for all Eccle&s;ia&s;tical Per&s;ons to imbrace the <HI>Augu&s;tane</HI> Confe&s;&s;ion, and &s;uffer their Subjects to imbrace it. That they of the <HI>Augu&s;tane</HI> Confe&s;&s;ion did not by this, de&s;ire that the Revenues of the Church &s;hould be di&s;&s;ipated, or turned to Profane U&s;es, or annexed to certain Families; but they would take great Care to prevent the&s;e Inconveniences, and do their utmo&s;t in it. And that by this means the true Intention of the Founders &s;hould be ob|&s;erved, tho' the Profe&s;&s;ion of the True Religion &s;hould be permitted, for it was, without doubt, their De&s;ign, to have the Pious and Sincere Service and Wor&s;hip of God Promoted and Setled, tho' they err'd in their Choice. That the Ele|ctors, Princes and States, afore&s;aid, would &s;uffer the Publick and Civil Bu&s;ine&s;s of the Empire to be di&s;patched in this Dyet at <HI>Ratisbonne;</HI> but then they had com|manded them, their Deputies, not to give any con&s;ent to any thing, till the &s;aid Limitation were taken away: But then, if it was once Aboli&s;hed and Repealed, they were ready and willing to a&s;&s;i&s;t and promote the Publick Affairs in this Dyet, to the utmo&s;t of their Abilities.</Q></P>
<P>This Prote&s;tation or Remon&s;trance was very often renewed afterwards in &s;e|veral of their Dyets; but being always oppo&s;ed by the Princes of the oppo&s;ite Re|ligion, and by the Emperours, it could never be obtained; becau&s;e they ever thought, That the granting this Liberty, would end in the Rnine of the Roman Catholick Religion. On the other &s;ide, tho&s;e of that Religion wrote &s;harply
<PB N="13" REF="7" MS="y">again&s;t the Peace of Religion, as it was then e&s;tabli&s;hed by the Treaty of <HI>Pa&s;&s;aw,</HI> and the Dyet of <HI>Au&s;burg,</HI> calling it a <HI>Lawle&s;s Confu&s;ion;</HI> and in private, &s;aying, <HI>That as it was obtained by a War, &s;o it must by a War be revoked.</HI></P>
<P>In the Year 1556, the Thirty fir&s;t of <HI>July, Ignatius Loyola,</HI> the Founder of the Order of Je&s;uites, died, in the Sixty fifth year of his Age. He was born in <HI>Spain,</HI> and at fir&s;t &s;erved as a Soldier; which Employment he de&s;erted in the Year 1521, upon a Wound received at <HI>Pampelune.</HI> In the Year 1528 he began to gather Companions. In the Year 1534 or 35 this Order was fir&s;t framed by him; and in the Year 1609 he was Canonized by Pope <HI>Paul</HI> IV. And (as <HI>Petavius</HI> &s;aith) it was confirm'd by <HI>Paul</HI> III, in 1540, the Twenty &s;eventh of <HI>September. James Lainez,</HI> a Spaniard, was this Year his Succe&s;&s;or, and the &s;econd General of that Order; which had then ob|tain'd One hundred Colleges in &s;everal Parts of Chri&s;tendom, as one of that Society a&s;&s;ures us.</P>
<P>In the beginning of this year, <HI>Albert</HI> the Son of <HI>Ca&s;imir</HI> Marquis of <HI>Brandenburg,</HI>
<MILESTONE N="1557" UNIT="year"> having lately by the Interpo&s;ition of &s;ome of the Princes obtain'd leave from the Dyet to return into <HI>Germany,</HI> to defend his Ca&s;e;
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Albert</HI> Mar|quis of <HI>Bran|denburg</HI> dies.</NOTE> and &s;ojourning then with <HI>Charles</HI> Marquis of <HI>Baden,</HI> at <HI>Pforzheim,</HI> in <HI>Schwartzwalt,</HI> being extremely worn out with the Troubles of his Affairs, and a Di&s;ea&s;e which &s;prung from the Intem|perance of his former Life, died the Eighth Day of <HI>January.</HI> This Prince was an Illu&s;trious Example of the In&s;tability of Human Greatne&s;s, and of the Divine Ju&s;tice: For He that was once &s;urrounded with &s;o many Thou&s;ands of Fighting Men, that his Name was terrible to all Men, and almo&s;t the whole German Empire lay expo&s;ed to his Ravage, at la&s;t, by a change of his Fortunes, was de&s;erted by all Men, and now ended his Life in great Mi&s;ery and Poverty; being de&s;pi&s;ed by his very Enemies, as the great <HI>Thuanus</HI> repre&s;ents it.</P>
<P>The Eleventh of <HI>March</HI> the Dyet, began at <HI>Rati&s;bonne</HI> the la&s;t year, was ended. In it there was a Decree of Rece&s;s made, That a Friendly Conference &s;hould be held the Fourteenth of <HI>August</HI> at <HI>Wormes,</HI> for the putting an End to the Differences of Religion: That a double Supply of Eight Months &s;hould be granted to King <HI>Ferdinaud,</HI> to enable him to carry on the War again&s;t the Turks: That the Peace of Religion, and that of the State, &s;hould be pre&s;erved with great and exact care; and for the Renewing the Imperial Chamber of <HI>Spire,</HI> which is the Supreme Court of the Empire.</P>
<P>In <HI>April</HI> died <HI>John</HI> Count Palatin of <HI>Simeren,</HI> Pre&s;ident of the &s;aid Imperial Chamber, and the Father of <HI>Frederick,</HI> who about two years after &s;ucceeded <HI>Otho Henry</HI> in the Palatinate of the <HI>Rhine.</HI> He was a Prince of great Learning, and managed this Tru&s;t with the highe&s;t Commendations both for his Prudence and Ju&s;tice.</P>
<P>Soon after the great Controver&s;ie between the Families of <HI>Na&s;&s;aw</HI> and <HI>He&s;&s;e,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The County of <HI>Catzenello|bogen</HI> &s;etled by Agreement.</NOTE> which had been depending Fifty Years, and is often mention'd by <HI>Sleidan</HI> concern|ing the County of <HI>Catzenellobogen</HI> was friendly ended at <HI>Frankfort</HI> upon the Main, by the Interpo&s;ition and Mediation of <HI>Otho Henry</HI> and <HI>Augu&s;tus</HI> Electors, <HI>William</HI> Duke of <HI>Cleves,</HI> and others, who were made Judges in this Affair for both Parties, the Landgrave of <HI>He&s;&s;e</HI> by their award retaining that County, upon paying to <HI>William</HI> Prince of <HI>Orange</HI> 1600 Crowns, and re&s;igning up to him the Earldom of <HI>Diez</HI> for 1050 Crowns.</P>
<P>When the time of the Conference appointed by the Dyet drew near, the Divines who were of the <HI>Agu&s;tane</HI> Confe&s;&s;ion, had a Meeting at <HI>Frankford</HI> on the Main, the Fir&s;t of <HI>August,</HI> to adju&s;t their own private Differences before they entred into a Conference with the <HI>Roman Catholicks;</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Confe|rence at <HI>Wormes.</HI></NOTE> &s;o that this latter was not begun till the beginning of <HI>September.</HI> At the opening of it, <HI>Julius Pflug,</HI> Bi&s;hop of <HI>Naumburg,</HI> who was Pre&s;ident in this Conference, de&s;ired tho&s;e of the <HI>Augu&s;tane</HI> Confe&s;&s;ion, that they would in the fir&s;t place &s;hew openly their Di&s;agreement with, and Dete&s;tation of the <HI>Zuinglians, O&s;iandrians, Synergi&s;ts,</HI> and <HI>Adiaphori&s;ts:</HI> Becau&s;e the Peace of Religion was only granted to tho&s;e of the <HI>Augu&s;tane</HI> Con|fe&s;&s;ion by the Dyet, and this Conference was appointed with none but them, and the Emperor be&s;ides knew that mo&s;t of them had Orders to do this: That therefore &s;ome benefit at lea&s;t might re&s;ult from this Conference, they would once for all, by a common con&s;ent, condemn the&s;e Errors, and there would be much le&s;s danger and difficulty in the re&s;t. The younger Mini&s;ters and Deputies of <HI>Saxony</HI> ea&s;ily a&s;&s;ented, and producing their In&s;tructions, were very forward to &s;eparate the <HI>Augu&s;tane</HI> Confe&s;&s;ion from the&s;e Errors. But <HI>Philip Melancthon</HI> (an old wi&s;e Man, who &s;aw the drift of this cunning Game&s;ter) &s;aid the Examination and
<PB N="14" REF="8">Explication of their &s;everal Doctrins ought to go before the Determination and Condemnation of them; and that till this was done, they ought not to be con|demned. The <HI>Roman Catholicks,</HI> who were weary of the Conference, thereupon would go no further in it, till they had given an Account of this to the Emperor. <HI>Ferdinand</HI> commanded them to go on, and &s;aid it was enough if in the Progre&s;s of the Conference, when they had explained the &s;everal Articles, they did at la&s;t remark what was di&s;allowed, by the common con&s;ent, in each of them. But the Bi&s;hop of <HI>Naumburg</HI> refu&s;ing to go on, except he were fir&s;t certain of the Faith of tho&s;e he was to di&s;pute with, the Conference broke up without effect, when there had only been &s;ome Papers exchanged between them concerning the Rule of Judging Controver&s;ies and Original Sin. And all the blame was by the <HI>Roman Catholicks</HI> thrown upon the Divi&s;ions which were among them. Thus far <HI>Thuanus.</HI></P>
<P>Now the de&s;ign of this Condemnation was a Divi&s;ion of the <HI>Prote&s;tant</HI> Intere&s;t; that whereas they were too many for the <HI>Romau Catholicks</HI> while they were united, they might h<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="pdcc" EXTENT="1 letter">ave the Con&s;ent of tho&s;e of the <HI>Augu&s;tane</HI> Confe&s;&s;ion to ruin the <HI>Zuinglians,</HI> and then they &s;hould, with the le&s;s difficulty, extirpate by the Sword the <HI>Lutherans</HI> too; and in the mean time they knew very well they were never able to convince them by a Di&s;putation, when it was utterly impo&s;&s;ible they &s;hould ever agree about the Rule that was to end the&s;e Differences; the Roman Catholicks <HI>A&s;&s;igning the perpetual Con&s;ent of the Church:</HI> And the Lutherans, <HI>the Old and New Te&s;taments, and the Ancient Creeds; and allowing no other Writings but as far as they agreed with the&s;e, &s;ome Ages being purer than others.</HI> Certainly no wi&s;e Man of either Side ever did think that any of the&s;e Conferences could put an end to the&s;e Controver&s;ies; though they have made u&s;e of them to promote by Ends. And that Side that was uppermo&s;t, hath ever yet reaped the Advan|tage; and &s;o it will be, till God him&s;elf put an End to this Controver&s;ie.</P>
<P>But to return now to the War between <HI>France</HI> and <HI>Spain.</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The War be|tween <HI>France</HI> and <HI>Spain.</HI></NOTE> The Truce being broken by the Attempt upon <HI>Doway,</HI> which I have mention'd already; the War went heavily on, becau&s;e the Flower of the Nobility and Gentry were gone with the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> into <HI>Italy,</HI> which had much di&s;pirited and weakned <HI>France.</HI> And the Duke <HI>de Montmorancy,</HI> who from the beginning had a great Aver&s;ion for this War, which he fore&s;aw would end in the Ruin of <HI>France,</HI> was more intent in levying Soldiers to defend the Borders of the <HI>Netherlands,</HI> than in pro&s;ecuting the War again&s;t King <HI>Philip,</HI> and Invading his Dominions. In the mean time, Queen <HI>Mary</HI> of <HI>England,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">Queen <HI>Mary</HI> joyns with <HI>Spain.</HI></NOTE> being over-per&s;uaded by King <HI>Philip</HI> her Husband, and di&s;po&s;ed to it by the Arts of Dr. <HI>Wotton,</HI> who was then her Emba&s;&s;adour in <HI>France,</HI> and by his Nephew, who found the <HI>French</HI> were well di&s;po&s;ed to a Rupture with <HI>England,</HI> if <HI>Calice</HI> might be the Prince of it, &s;he I &s;ay entred into the War too, and &s;ent an Herald to the French Court with a Declaration to that purpo&s;e, who deliver'd it the Seventh of <HI>June.</HI> The French King took no le&s;s care to rai&s;e a War between <HI>England</HI> and <HI>Scotland,</HI> by way of Diver&s;ion, <HI>Mary</HI> the Queen of <HI>Scotland</HI> being before this &s;ent into <HI>France</HI> to be married to the <HI>Dauphin,</HI> his Elde&s;t Son. So that he thought he had now a Right to Command that Nation to e&s;pou&s;e his Quarrel; but the Scotch Nobility thought otherwi&s;e, and would not Engage in a War again&s;t <HI>England,</HI> when they had no intere&s;t of their own to do it.</P>
<P>The Spaniards were all this while intent in providing Men and Arms, and the Twenty fifth of <HI>July</HI> attack'd the Fort of <HI>Rocroy,</HI> in the Borders of <HI>Champagne</HI> and <HI>Hainalt,</HI> four Leagues from <HI>Maribourg</HI> to the South; but finding there a greater Re&s;i&s;tance than they expected, they marched away towards <HI>Picardy</HI> with an Army of Thirty five thou&s;and Foot, and Twelve thou&s;and Hor&s;e. The Body of the French Army being but Eighteen thou&s;and Foot, and Five thou&s;and Hor&s;e, and for the mo&s;t part, both Sides Germans; &s;o that the French thought it their Intere&s;t to coa&s;t along by the Enemy, and defend their Borders, and cover their Towns, which was all they could &s;afely do in this inequality of Forces. There was then a very &s;mall Garri&s;on in St. <HI>Quintin,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Siege of St. <HI>Quintin.</HI></NOTE> under the Command of <HI>Charles de Teligny,</HI> Captain of the Troop of Guards belonging to the <HI>Dauphin;</HI> but the Army coming &s;uddenly before it, the <HI>Sieur de Coligny</HI> the Pre&s;ident of <HI>Picardy,</HI> put him&s;elf into the place with &s;ome few Forces, and &s;ent to <HI>Montmorancy</HI> to come up and &s;uccour him. This was di&s;approved by tho&s;e about him as Dangerous, and if things &s;ucceeded not, Di&s;honourable. In the beginning of the Siege, <HI>Teligny</HI> was &s;lain in a Sally, by Engaging imprudently beyond his Orders, who
<PB N="15" REF="8">was a Per&s;on of great Courage and Strength, Indu&s;try and Fidelity, and an Expe|rienc'd Commander. And <HI>Andelot,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Battel of St. <HI>Quintin.</HI></NOTE> who was &s;ent by <HI>Coligny</HI> to bring Two thou&s;and Foot into the Town, was, by a mi&s;take of his Guides, mi&s;led, and falling into the Trenches of the Be&s;iegers, he was &s;lain, and mo&s;t of his Men cut off; and <HI>Montmorancy,</HI> attempting to relieve the &s;ame place, was beaten al&s;o, and lo&s;t Two thou&s;and five hundren Men, and him&s;elf was taken Pri&s;oner. This Battel had a fatal effect upon <HI>France;</HI> for it made the Life of <HI>Henry</HI> II ever after Unfortunate, and reducing <HI>France</HI> to the nece&s;&s;ity of a di&s;honourable Peace, it became the occa&s;ion of the Civil Wars which followed, to the great hazard of the Ruin of that Potent Kingdom, and may &s;erve as an Example to Princes, not to violate their Faith, whoever di&s;pen&s;e with it.</P>
<P><HI>Montmorancy</HI> was from the beginning aver&s;e to this War,
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Montmorancy</HI> ruin'd by be|ing taken Pri|&s;oner.</NOTE> and foretold the ill Con&s;equences of it; as he was an old, experienc'd, wi&s;e Commander, and a great Lover of his Country, &s;o till then he had lived in great Power, and enjoyed the Favour of his Prince; but now when his good Fortune left him, he lo&s;t the good E&s;teem and Regards of all Men; which from thence forward were conferred upon the Duke of <HI>Guize,</HI> who employ'd them to the damage of <HI>France,</HI> The News of this Victory fill'd <HI>France</HI> with Terror and Sorrow, and the <HI>Netherlands</HI> with Joy and Courage. The Duke of <HI>Nevers,</HI> and &s;ome others of the principal French Commanders however e&s;caped.</P>
<P>If the Victorious Army had forthwith marched to <HI>Paris,</HI> they might have taken it; but King <HI>Philip</HI> was re&s;olved to hazard nothing, but commanded his Army to go on with the Siege of St. <HI>Quintin;</HI> and the King of <HI>France</HI> leaving <HI>Compeigne,</HI> where he then was, and going to <HI>Paris,</HI> &s;o quieted the Minds of the People by his Pre&s;ence and good Words, that things began to &s;ettle, and the fear in a &s;hort time to abate.</P>
<P><HI>Coligny</HI> kept the Town&s;men of St. <HI>Quintin</HI> two days in Ignorance of this Lo&s;s, and when they came to hear of it, though he &s;aw the Town would at la&s;t be taken, yet he per&s;uaded them to hold it out to the la&s;t, that &s;o the King might have time to recollect his Forces, and be in a condition to oppo&s;e the Victorious Enemy. Another of the <HI>Andelot's</HI> got into the Town, with about Five hundred Cho&s;en Men, and &s;ome few Volunteers of the Nobility; but when all was done, King <HI>Philip</HI> coming in Per&s;on into the Camp, and the Siege being carried on with great dili|gence, the Town was taken by Storm the 27th of <HI>August,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Day of the Battel.</NOTE> and <HI>Coligny</HI> and <HI>Andelot</HI> became Pri&s;oners too, and the latter was wounded. At this Siege there was Eight thou&s;and Engli&s;h employed, who did great Service; but finding them&s;elves ill u&s;ed after the Town was taken, they returned to <HI>Calis.</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">St. <HI>Quintin</HI> taken by Storm.</NOTE> There were above Four hundred French Soldiers &s;lain in this Town, and Three hundred taken Pri|&s;oners; and more had peri&s;hed, if King <HI>Philip,</HI> who was pre&s;ent, had not entred the City, and by Proclamation re&s;train'd the fury of his own Soldiers, to whom he granted the Plunder of the Town, which was great, and took particular care that tho&s;e who had not been concern'd in the danger of the Storming the Town, might have no &s;hare in the Plunder of it.</P>
<P>Soon after this Victory, King <HI>Philip</HI> &s;ent an Expre&s;s to the late Emperor <HI>Charles</HI> his Father, who was then in his private Retirement in <HI>Spain,</HI> de&s;iring him to &s;end his Advice how to proceed; the wi&s;e and good Prince return'd him an An&s;wer to this purpo&s;e, as the Great <HI>Thuanus</HI> relates it.
<NOTE PLACE="marg">A Letter of <HI>Charles</HI> V, to his Son <HI>Philip.</HI></NOTE> <Q>Though this Retreat gives me the utmo&s;t &s;ecurity, yet I received the Account of your Victory with a joyful and a plea&s;ed Mind; and I congratulate the happy and fortunate Beginnings of my beloved Sons Reign; and I render to God Almighty my humble&s;t and devoute&s;t Thanks and Prai&s;es, who hath not &s;uffer'd the Per&s;idy of his Enemies to go long unpuni&s;hed, but has thus &s;uddenly cha&s;ti&s;ed the Truce-breakers both in <HI>Italy,</HI> and on the Borders of the <HI>Netherlands.</HI> For though my mind foretold me it would come &s;o to pa&s;s, and I comforted my &s;elf with that hope, yet I was vex'd that ju&s;t at that time, when I had re&s;tored Chri&s;tendom to her Peace, and was going to compo&s;e my Soul in Peace, all things &s;hould of a &s;udden be fill'd with an unexpected War and Tumult. But then as to the Advice my Son de&s;ires from me, he is not to expect it either now or hereafter. He has with him many grave and wi&s;e Men of an approved Fidelity, and bred up to Bu&s;ine&s;s during my Reign, who&s;e Coun&s;el I would take if I were now at the Helm. Let him con&s;ult with the&s;e Men, and well con&s;idering the weight of their Rea&s;ons, after he has fir&s;t implored the Divine A&s;&s;i&s;tance and Grace, let him determine what is be&s;t to be done.</Q> <HI>This Wi&s;e Prince would neither put him|&s;elf
<PB N="16" REF="9">to the Trouble of con&s;idering what was be&s;t to be done, nor his Son to that of approving what perhaps he would not have liked, or of rejecting the Coun&s;els of a Father, which would have been di&s;honourable to both. He had been &s;o long a Sovereign, that he knew the Thoughts and Tenderne&s;s of a Princes Heart, and could di&s;tingui&s;h between Civility nnd reality. And which was mo&s;t of all, he was really, and not pretendedly Dead to the World.</HI></P>
<P>The <HI>Germans</HI> tumultuou&s;ly demanded their Pay, after the Victory; the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> al&s;o de&s;ired leave to return, pretending they had been ill u&s;ed, and the King was forced to grant their Reque&s;t, to prevent wor&s;e Con&s;equences; So that in a &s;hort time this victorious Army moulder'd to nothing, tho' his Captains did what they could to per&s;uade him to keep his Army up. And, which was yet wor&s;e, many of the <HI>Germans</HI> pa&s;&s;ed over to the <HI>French,</HI> and helped to fill up their Numbers; &s;o that King Philip took only <HI>Ca&s;telet, Han, Chaulnes</HI> and <HI>Noyon,</HI> all &s;mall Places, and this la&s;t by Surprize too. And then, in the latter end of <HI>October,</HI> was forced to withdraw his Army into the <HI>Low Countries,</HI> having in the mean time fortified S. <HI>Quintin, Han</HI> and <HI>Chaulnes</HI> to pre&s;erve them.</P>
<P>Whil&s;t the <HI>Spani&s;h</HI> Army was thus mouldering away and di&s;per&s;ing, the <HI>French</HI> King was every Day increa&s;ing his.
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The French Army grows great.</NOTE> He had &s;ent for &s;ix thou&s;and <HI>Switz,</HI> which were coming out of <HI>Piedmont,</HI> his <HI>German</HI> Supplies were come, as far as <HI>Is Sur Tille,</HI> near <HI>Dijon;</HI> And the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> was every Day expected out of <HI>Italy,</HI> with the Forces under his Command, who was &s;ent for, pre&s;ently after the Defeat of S. <HI>Quintin,</HI> and was now on the Road with the Duke <HI>de Aumale</HI> his Bro|ther. And the Duke of <HI>Nevers</HI> was &s;trengthning <HI>Compeigne</HI> with a Royal Fort, by the King's Order.</P>
<P>The Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e,</HI> upon his arrival at S. <HI>Germain,</HI> was honourably received, and declared General of the Land-Forces, which had till then, from the taking of <HI>Montmorencey</HI> been in the Hands of the Duke of <HI>Nevers.</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">A Per&s;ecuti|on in <HI>France.</HI></NOTE></P>
<P>The Di&s;order of the War diverted Men from the Thoughts of Per&s;ecuting the Prote&s;tants in <HI>France,</HI> &s;o that now they grew and multiplied very much, even in <HI>Paris.</HI> The fifth of <HI>November,</HI> in the Evening, there was a great number of the&s;e met in a Place called <HI>Bertomier,</HI> in S. <HI>James-&s;treet,</HI> to perform the Offices of Reli|gion, and to receive the Lord's Supper after their way. This being di&s;covered by &s;ome, that lived near that place, they provided good quantities of Stones, in the neighbouring hou&s;es, and their Arms ready in the Street; and when in the dead of the Night the Meeting broke up, they that fir&s;t went out had Stones thrown at them; and a Tumult thereupon ari&s;ing, a va&s;t number of the Rabble at that Signal, came running together, and attempted to break into the Hou&s;e; they that were yet in the Hou&s;e, advi&s;ed by their Danger, drew their Swords, and i&s;&s;ued out, and all of them, except one (who was &s;lain in the Crowd) made their e&s;cape tho' &s;ome were wounded. The Women, and others, who were le&s;s able to &s;hift, to the number of one hundred and twenty, rendred them&s;elves to <HI>Jean Martignon,</HI> the then <HI>Sheriff,</HI> who, when it was now Day, carried them to Pri&s;on, the People being hardly kept from pulling them in Pieces, by the Con&s;tables and their Guards. Thereupon there were divers Rumors &s;pread abroad concerning this Meeting, as is u&s;ual in New and Odious Occurrences:
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The mi&s;re|pre&s;entations of the Roman Catholicks again&s;t the Prote&s;tants.</NOTE> <HI>That this Rabble met in a Chamber in the Night, to Eat and play the Whore, and that after the Supper was over, they committed promi&s;cuous Villanies, the Mother lying with the Son, the Father with his Daughter, and the Si&s;ter with her Brother; That the Tables and Provi&s;ions were found, and that the Carpets and Tape&s;teries had &s;till upon them the Marks of the&s;e Villanies: And becau&s;e this was not enough, they added, to enrage the Multitude yet more again&s;t them; that they had Commu|nicated in the Blood of a Child.</HI> This Account was given to the King, but without any Author to ju&s;tifie it; but then no Man daring neither to contradict it, for fear of being taken for an Heretick; tho&s;e that were of the Religion, wrote a &s;mall Piece, which they called an Apology, in which they &s;hew, That the Crimes thus laid to their Charge were meer Slanders, and they cited Pa&s;&s;ages out of the Fathers of the Church, to &s;hew that the &s;ame Forgeries had been made u&s;e of by the Pagans again&s;t the Primitive Chri&s;tians; and that they might be &s;ure it might come to the King's Hands, they got it conveyed into his Bed-chamber; which Book was afterwards an&s;wered by <HI>Anthony de Mouchy,</HI> a Divine, and the chief of the <HI>Inqui&s;itors,</HI> and by <HI>Robert Cenali,</HI> Bi&s;hop of <HI>Auranches.</HI></P>
<P><HI>Jean Munier,</HI> Recorder of <HI>Paris,</HI> was appointed to examine the Pri&s;oners, who reporting their An&s;wers to the Parliament, <HI>Nich. Client,</HI> a <HI>Saintonian,</HI> who had been a School-ma&s;ter many Years in <HI>Paris,</HI> and was now in the &s;ixtieth Year of his Age, <HI>Taurin Gravelle,</HI> an Advocate i nthe Parliament of <HI>Paris,</HI> and <HI>Phillippina Lunia</HI> of
<PB N="17" REF="9"><HI>rigort,</HI> the Relict of one <HI>Graveron,</HI> a Gentleman, who was dead, were all condemn|ed the fourteenth of <HI>September,</HI> and the two fir&s;t were burnt alive, but the latter was fir&s;t &s;trangled. And four Days after <HI>Nich. Le Cene,</HI> a Phy&s;ician of <HI>Normandy,</HI> and <HI>Peter Gambara</HI> of <HI>Poictou</HI> were burnt. <HI>Francis Rebeziers,</HI> born at <HI>Stafort</HI> in <HI>Condomois,</HI> and <HI>Frederick Danville</HI> of <HI>Olerone</HI> in <HI>Bearne,</HI> were led with an Iron Ball in their Mouths to the Place of Execution, where they were hanged, and their Bodies burn'd to A&s;hes. When they were now going to proceed again&s;t the re&s;t, a Noble Ma|tron, which was among the Pri&s;oners, offered a Petition to the Parliament, except|ing therein again&s;t &s;everal of the Judges, and offering many Rea&s;ons in her Petition, which ought not to be neglected, to have them &s;et by, and &s;ome others to be appoint|ed in their &s;tead at the Trial: Whil the Parliament were con&s;idering what they ought to do as to this Petition, there came Envoys from the <HI>Switz</HI> and Prote&s;tant Princes in <HI>Germany,</HI> to de&s;ire the King not to proceed again&s;t a Company of mi&s;erable People, who were of the &s;ame Religion with them&s;elves. And thereupon the Affairs of <HI>Philip</HI> being then in great Pro&s;perity, and tho&s;e of <HI>France</HI> in a declining Condi|tion; and the King needing the A&s;&s;i&s;tance of the <HI>Switz</HI> and Prote&s;tant Princes of <HI>Germany,</HI> for the Recovery of his Country, he &s;uffered the Parliament to act more mildly with them: So &s;ome of them were di&s;mi&s;&s;ed, others turned over to the Eccle&s;i|a&s;tical Courts, where by the Revocation of the Sentence, they e&s;caped Death. <HI>Rantigny</HI> and <HI>Champagne,</HI> two married Ladies, were given to their Husbands, who were very aver&s;e to that Religion, and <HI>Ovarty,</HI> another Lady, was given into the Hands of Queen <HI>Catherine.</HI></P>
<P>The King of <HI>France</HI> publi&s;hed an Edict the &s;eventeenth of <HI>May,</HI> commanding all Bi|&s;hops and their Curates to re&s;ide upon their Benefices, and to preach to the People, or to appoint others in their &s;tead, who &s;hould do &s;o, upon pain of being deprived of the Profits of their Cures. There had been a Law publi&s;hed to the &s;ame purpo&s;e by <HI>Lewis</HI> XI, the thirteenth of <HI>January</HI> 1476, which was now revived, Men judging that Preaching was a likelier way to fix Men in their Religion than Fire and Faggot. But, however, this Edict was not much regarded by the Clergy of <HI>France,</HI> who were then as Unlearned and Ignorant, as they were Cruel and Bloody.</P>
<P>The Army belonging to King <HI>Philip,</HI> being, as I have &s;aid, di&s;&s;ipated,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Siege of <HI>Calais.</HI></NOTE> or put into Winter Quarters, and that of <HI>France</HI> growing daily greater, it was taken into Con&s;ideration, How they &s;hould employ that chargable Body of Men, though the Winter was then in its greate&s;t Rigour. The fir&s;t Debate was, Whether they &s;hould attempt the Recovery of S. <HI>Quintin,</HI> and the other Places that were lo&s;t, or enter upon &s;ome new Enterprize; and here they re&s;olved upon the latter, and the Reduction of <HI>Calais</HI> having been propo&s;ed by <HI>Senarpont,</HI> Governour of <HI>Boulogne,</HI> in the latter End of the Summer, if the Misfortune of S. <HI>Quintin</HI> had not broke their Mea&s;ures, they pre&s;ently re&s;olved to rea&s;&s;ume that interrupted De&s;ign. A part of their Forces marched under the Duke of <HI>Nevers,</HI> pretending they intended to attack <HI>Luxemburg</HI> and <HI>Arlon.</HI> Another Part under the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e,</HI> (who was now General of all the <HI>French</HI> Forces) pretended to block up S. <HI>Quintin,</HI> and the other Places that were lo&s;t. <HI>Nevers</HI> having pa&s;&s;ed through the Territory of <HI>Argone,</HI> came to <HI>Stenay,</HI> a Town in the Dukedom of <HI>Lorain,</HI> and having &s;taid there a &s;hort time, &s;uddenly &s;ends his part of the Army to joyn the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e,</HI> who lay then at <HI>Amiens,</HI> who pre&s;ently marched away for <HI>Boulogne,</HI> as if he had been &s;olicitous for the Pre&s;ervation of it, but &s;uddenly wheeling about, the fir&s;t of <HI>January,</HI>
<MILESTONE N="1558" UNIT="year"> he came to <HI>Newnham-bridge,</HI> a Fort &s;eated a mile from the Town of <HI>Calais,</HI> which com|manded the Avenues to the Land-ward: There was another called <HI>Ri&s;bank,</HI> which lay near to the Town, and commanded the Harbour on the North of the Town, and upon the&s;e two Forts the greate&s;t part of the Security of <HI>Calais</HI> depended.</P>
<P>The Lord <HI>Wentworth</HI> was then Governour of the Town, but the Garri&s;on was not above five hundred Men, and there were not above two hundred Town&s;men, able to bear Arms; &s;o that the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> &s;ending three thou&s;and Mu&s;queteers, and the Soldiers of <HI>Newnham-fort,</HI> having made one impro&s;perous Sally again&s;t them, and not being relieved by the Governour, the Cannon was brought up again&s;t it, which began to batter it the next Morning. The Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> knew very well the whole &s;tre&s;s of the Succe&s;s lay in the celerity of his Actions, and accordingly, the next Day, attacked the Fort of <HI>Risbank</HI> too, which were both yielded the &s;ame Day, by the order of the Governour.</P>
<P>The Town of <HI>Calais</HI> is &s;eated in a Plain,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Site of <HI>Calais.</HI></NOTE> and on three Sides of it is almo&s;t inac|ce&s;&s;ible, by rea&s;on of the River <HI>Hames,</HI> part of which fills its Dikes, which are Great and Deep, and the re&s;t falls, with &s;everal other &s;mall Rivers into the Haven,
<PB N="18" REF="10">on the we&s;t Side of the Town. Its Form is Square, and at three of its Corners, it has Royal Ba&s;tions, and the fourth, which is towards the South, has an Ancient but &s;trong Ca&s;tle for its Defence; be&s;ides, it has a &s;trong Bulwork of Earth, which is very high and thick, but is of &s;o &s;andy a nature (as the <HI>French</HI> found after this, to their Damage) that the force of a Cannon &s;cattered it like du&s;t. The Rivers and Mar&s;hes encompa&s;&s;ing the Town on all Sides, there was no Pa&s;&s;age to it but by a Cau&s;ey from the Fort of <HI>Newnham,</HI> nor was it po&s;&s;ible for any Ship to enter the Town, but what pa&s;&s;ed under the Fort of <HI>Risbank,</HI> &s;o that the&s;e two Forts were the great Securities of the Town, which were both now in the Hands of the <HI>French;</HI> after which they lodged on the Cau&s;ey and Banks twenty Foot Companies, and one <HI>German</HI> Regiment, and one thou&s;and one hundred Hor&s;e: The Mar&s;hal <HI>de Termes</HI> &s;ecured the Way leading to <HI>Guines,</HI> with the re&s;t of the Hor&s;e and the <HI>Switz.</HI> The fifth of <HI>January</HI> they began to batter the River-gate with four whole Cannon; and three hundred Culverins were imployed again&s;t the other parts of the Walls and Bulworks, but their main Battery was again&s;t the River-gate, whil&s;t the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> drew almo&s;t all their Forces on this Side; the Gate and &s;ome of the next Towers being much battered, the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> ordered fifteen Cannon &s;uddenly to be planted again&s;t the Ca&s;tle, the Walls of which were not faced with Earth within; this Battery was plaid with that Fury, that the Noi&s;e of the Cannon was heard as far as <HI>Antwerp,</HI> which is thirty three <HI>German</HI> Miles to the North: A great Breach being made there, <HI>Andelot</HI> was commanded to pa&s;s the River, and lodge him&s;elf up|on the other Side with one thou&s;and two hundred Mu&s;queteers; after this they drew the Water out of the Town-Dike, which was thought by the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> the greate&s;t defence they had, and by pitched Hurdles they laid a Pa&s;&s;age over the muddy Dikes and mar&s;hy Grounds for the Soldiers, and &s;ecured the Foot from the Annoyance of the Small-&s;hot by other Hurdles about half a foot thick, which had Stakes fenced with Iron to &s;trike into the Ground, and Loop-holes to &s;hoot through. The Night after (the Walls being now battered down) the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> order|ed <HI>Grammont,</HI> with three hundred Small-&s;hot, to play all Night into the Breach, to hinder the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> from making any Works within the Ca&s;tle, for their Defence. <HI>Strozzi</HI> was ordered at the &s;ame time to lodge him&s;elf with the &s;ame number of Foot and one hundred Pioneers, on the other Side, near the Gate, but was beaten off by the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Small-&s;hot, and forced to return to the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e.</HI> The next Morning, the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> having ordered the Breach at the Ca&s;tle to be carefully viewed, <HI>Grammont</HI> was ordered with three hundred Muskets, to enter the place, who was to be &s;econded by <HI>Strozzi,</HI> with the &s;ame number; the&s;e pa&s;&s;ed the Dike in Water up to the Navel, and notwith&s;tanding any re&s;i&s;tance the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> could make, lodged them&s;elves in the Ca&s;tle, driving tho&s;e of the <HI>Eng|li&s;h,</HI> that had not been &s;lain, into the Town. The Ca&s;tle being thus gained, the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> put a &s;trong Garri&s;on into it. The <HI>Engli&s;h,</HI> &s;o &s;oon as the Tide re|turned again (which filled the Dikes) &s;tormed the Ca&s;tle, in hopes to regain that important Po&s;t, and being beaten off, they planted four Cannon again&s;t the Bridge, and forced open the Ca&s;tle-gate, and then &s;tormed it the &s;econd time, but having lo&s;t two hundred of their be&s;t Men to no good purpo&s;e, they then began to treat of a Surrender; which at la&s;t was agreed; The Governour and fifty others being to be|come Pri&s;oners of War; The Soldiery and Town&s;men to be at liberty, to pa&s;s in|to <HI>England</HI> or <HI>Flanders,</HI> without any Injury, as to their Lives or Liberties: And all the Ammunition, Cannon, Hou&s;hold&s;tuff, Gold, Silver, Merchandi&s;e and Hor&s;e, was to be left to the di&s;po&s;al of the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e.</HI> On the&s;e Conditions was <HI>Ca|lais</HI> delivered up to the <HI>French,</HI> the fourteenth of <HI>January</HI> 1557, 58, when it had been two hundred and ten Years in the hands of the <HI>Engli&s;h.</HI> The Place was no &s;ooner yielded up but great numbers of Ships came over, who under&s;tanding what had pa&s;&s;ed, returned back. King <HI>Philip</HI> had &s;melt the De&s;ign of the <HI>French</HI> upon this Place, and had wrote to Queen <HI>Mary,</HI> that he would put Succours into the Town; but this was &s;u&s;pected, by the <HI>Engli&s;h,</HI> as a De&s;ign to get <HI>Calais</HI> into his own Hands, and &s;o his Prediction came to pa&s;s.</P>
<P>After <HI>Calais</HI> was taken they fell to con&s;ider,
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Guines</HI> taken.</NOTE> Whether they &s;hould attack <HI>Guines,</HI> which was in the Hands of the <HI>Engli&s;h,</HI> and lay two <HI>French</HI> Leagues from <HI>Calais,</HI> to the South, or <HI>Graveling,</HI> a Town of <HI>Flanders</HI> three Leagues to the N. E. But they re&s;olved to attempt <HI>Guines,</HI> which was nearer, and more nece&s;&s;ary for the &s;ecuring the Po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ion of <HI>Calais,</HI> the Lord <HI>Gray</HI> was Governour of it, who had a good Gar|ri&s;on, and had received &s;ome Succours from King <HI>Philip;</HI> yet at the fir&s;t Attack he left the Town, and fled into the Ca&s;tle; but whil&s;t the <HI>French</HI> were plundering
<PB N="19" REF="10">the Town, returned again, and drove them out, and firing the Town returned in|to the Ca&s;tle again, which in a &s;hort time after he &s;urrendred, when he had eight hundred <HI>Engli&s;h, Spani&s;h</HI> and <HI>Flemmings</HI> to have continued the Defence of it; but the Hearts of the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> were down, for <HI>Gray</HI> was reputed a good Soldier.</P>
<P>There was now nothing left to the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> but a &s;mall Place call'd the <HI>Comte de Oye,</HI> which had a Ca&s;tle not &s;trong, but almo&s;t unacce&s;&s;ible, as being &s;urrounded with unpa&s;&s;able Mar&s;hes, and which had no Pa&s;&s;age but over a Timber-Bridge: This Place lies almo&s;t two Leagues from <HI>Calais</HI> towards <HI>Graveling,</HI> the Garri&s;on of which never &s;taid for a Summons, but hearing of the lo&s;s of <HI>Guines</HI> fled, and left the Place open and unguarded, and <HI>Sipetra</HI> took po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ion of it, without any further trou|ble, for the <HI>French. Burnet</HI> calls this Ca&s;tle <HI>Hammes,</HI> and <HI>Thuanus Oye;</HI> but the Ca&s;tles of <HI>Hammes</HI> lay directly between <HI>Guines</HI> and <HI>Calais.</HI> One Sir <HI>Edward Grim|&s;tone</HI> was then Comptroler of <HI>Calais</HI> and a Privy Coun&s;ellor, and he had often given Adverti&s;ement of the ill condition of the Garri&s;on; but the Trea&s;ury was low, the People di&s;contented, and the Thoughts of the Queen and her Council more &s;et upon extirpating Here&s;ie (as they called it) than upon pre&s;erving this im|portant Po&s;t, &s;o it was lo&s;t, and the Grief and Di&s;honour of this Misfortune &s;at &s;o heavy upon the Spirits of the Queen, that &s;he never joyed after.</P>
<P>The next thing the <HI>French</HI> undertook was the taking of the Ca&s;tle of <HI>Herbemont,</HI> in the Fore&s;t of <HI>Ardenne,</HI> belonging to the Count of <HI>Beili&s;teine,</HI> which was very trouble&s;ome to the Inhabitants of <HI>Ivoy;</HI> this enterprize &s;ucceeded well too, and they took the Ca&s;tle the &s;ixteenth of <HI>February,</HI> and after it &s;everal other &s;mall Places on the Frontiers, were de&s;erted by their Garri&s;ons.</P>
<P>This Year a Fleet of one hundred and twenty <HI>Turki&s;h</HI> Galleys loo&s;ed from <HI>Preve&s;a</HI> a Port of <HI>Epirus,</HI> and pa&s;&s;ing by <HI>Brindi&s;i,</HI> took and plundred <HI>Reggio,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">A <HI>Turki&s;h</HI> Fleet land in &s;everal Pla|ces of <HI>Italy,</HI> and carry ma|ny into Sla|very.</NOTE> a City in the South of <HI>Italy,</HI> after which, landing in the Bay <HI>di Surrneto,</HI> they carried four thou|&s;and per&s;ons into Slavery, among which was a great many <HI>Monks</HI> and <HI>Nuns.</HI> The Grief and Shame of this was the greater, becau&s;e it was done in &s;ight of <HI>Naples.</HI> From thence it &s;ailed to the Coa&s;t of <HI>Provence,</HI> and having refre&s;hed the Sailors, it returned to <HI>Minorca,</HI> and took the Town of <HI>Citadella,</HI> with great difficulty, and the lo&s;s of four hundred Men, after which it returned in <HI>Augu&s;t</HI> into <HI>Turkey.</HI> The <HI>French</HI> Fleet, in the <HI>Mediterranean</HI> was able to do nothing for want of Money, &s;o the Fear was much greater than the Hurt.</P>
<P>The twenty fifth of <HI>May</HI> the Dauphine was married to <HI>Mary</HI> Queen of the <HI>Scots,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Dau|phine marri|ed to <HI>Mary</HI> Queen of <HI>Scotland.</HI></NOTE> yet the <HI>Scotch</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors refu&s;ed to promi&s;e under their Hands and Seals to pro|cure the Dauphine, in the next Convention of their States to be received and own|ed as King of <HI>Scotland;</HI> and thereupon four of them dying &s;oon after, it was &s;u&s;pected that they had been poi&s;oned: Yet in the next Convention the thing was granted, and the Earl of <HI>Argile</HI> was appointed to bring the Marital Crown into <HI>France:</HI> But in the mean time <HI>Mary</HI> Queen of <HI>England</HI> dyed, which occa&s;ioned a great Change in <HI>England, France</HI> and <HI>Scotland.</HI> The greate&s;t part of the <HI>Scots</HI> were not plea&s;ed with this Marriage; and the <HI>French</HI> too, underhand, di&s;liked it, as tending to the exalting the Hou&s;e of <HI>Gui&s;e,</HI> and the depre&s;&s;ing that of <HI>Montmorency,</HI> and <HI>Ga&s;per de Coligny</HI> Admiral of <HI>France,</HI> who were both at this time Pri&s;oners to King <HI>Philip.</HI></P>
<P>A meeting in the mean time being appointed at <HI>Perone</HI> between <HI>Christierna</HI> the Mother of the Cardinal of <HI>Lorraine</HI> and <HI>Perrenot</HI> Bi&s;hop of <HI>Arras</HI> for King <HI>Philip,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The fir&s;t Propo&s;als of a Peace be|tween <HI>France</HI> and King <HI>Philip.</HI></NOTE> and the Duke and Cardinal of <HI>Loraine</HI> for the <HI>French: Perrenot</HI> deploring the progre&s;s of the <HI>Turki&s;h</HI> Arms during this unfortunate War, and above all things the increa&s;e of Here&s;ie in <HI>France</HI> and the <HI>Netherlands,</HI> cunningly offered the Hou&s;e of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> their A&s;&s;i&s;tance for the ruining <HI>Montmorency, Coligny</HI> and <HI>Andelot,</HI> as favourors of the Reformation, when a Peace were once &s;etled between the&s;e two Crowns: The Hou&s;e of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> hereby only &s;eeking to aggrandize it &s;elf upon the Ruine of the&s;e three great Men, and the <HI>Spaniards</HI> to imbroil and weaken <HI>France.</HI> The Cardinal, at his return, acquaints the King with what concerned <HI>Andelot,</HI> intermixing a men|tion of a Peace with it. <HI>Henry</HI> II, was a mild and mo&s;t merciful Prince, but had an implacable aver&s;ion for the Reformation, which had been in&s;tilled into him in his Infancy, by tho&s;e who had the Care of him; and he had before this heard &s;ome|thing of <HI>Andelot</HI>'s Inclinations to favour that Party, and thereupon &s;ent for him, who waited upon the King at <HI>Monceaux,</HI> a Ca&s;tle near <HI>Meaux.</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Andelot</HI> Mar|&s;hal of <HI>France</HI> ruined by the Arts of the <HI>Gui&s;es.</HI></NOTE> The King gave him great a&s;&s;urance of his kindne&s;s to him, and of his Sen&s;e of his Merits and Ser|vices, and then told him, He was much concerned to hear, from all Places, That he was not &s;ound in the bu&s;ine&s;s of Religion; and thereupon asked him what his Belief of the Sacrifice of the Ma&s;s was. <HI>A<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="pdcc" EXTENT="1 letter">delot,</HI> who was a Man of Spirit, an|&s;wered
<PB N="20" REF="11">otherwi&s;e than the King de&s;ired, and according to <HI>Calvin</HI>'s Doctrin: The King admoni&s;hed him, That he &s;hould con&s;ider him&s;elf, and not run into Mi&s;chief: He replied with more confidence than he had &s;hewn before, <HI>That it was a great Satisfaction to him, that the King, whom he and his Family had found a Bountiful Ma&s;ter, and to whom he had in all things hitherto &s;hewn him&s;elf a most Loyal, Faithful and In|du&s;trious Subject, had &s;o far approved of him: But then he was not to play the Hypocrite with God in the bu&s;ine&s;s of Religion; his Body, his E&s;tate, and his Honour were in the Hands of the King, and he might di&s;po&s;e of them as he thought fit, but his Soul was &s;ubject to none but God, who gave it, and therefore in this matter he must obey God only as his greatest Ma&s;ter.</HI> This An&s;wer &s;o intaged the King, that taking his Lance in his hand, and intending only to throw it on the ground, he wounded the Dauphin with it, who &s;ate beneath him; and the Tables being taken away, he ordered <HI>Andelot</HI> to be taken into Cu&s;tody, who was for &s;ome time detained in the Hou&s;e of the Bi&s;hop of <HI>Meaux,</HI> and from thence he was &s;ent to the Ca&s;tle of <HI>Melun.</HI></P>
<P><HI>Andelot</HI> being thus laid a&s;ide, the Baron <HI>de Monluc,</HI> a Per&s;on of good Merit, was made General of the French Foot in his &s;tead, which was a Place of great con&s;ide|ration in the Army. This Lord had been educated in the Court of the Duke of <HI>Lorain,</HI> and was much addicted to the Intere&s;t of that Family: Yet, as he &s;aith in his <HI>Memoirs,</HI> he refu&s;ed this Employment at fir&s;t, becau&s;e he fore&s;aw it would ex|po&s;e him to a flagrant Envy, and the Re&s;entments of the Family of <HI>Montmo|rancy.</HI></P>
<P>In the beginning of <HI>May,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Thionville</HI> be|&s;ieged and taken.</NOTE> the French &s;at down before <HI>Thionville,</HI> with about Five thou&s;and Hor&s;e, and Fourteen thou&s;and Foot. This Town is &s;eated in the Dukedom of <HI>Luxemburg,</HI> in a Plain Country, but Low and Mar&s;hy, and having the <HI>Mo&s;elle</HI> on the N.W. which fills its deep Ditches, on which &s;ides it has only two Ba&s;tions, which are &s;hort, &s;o that they cannot clear their Dikes, and at a great di&s;tance from each other. The re&s;t of the City is &s;ecured by great Towers, which extend them&s;elves beyond the Walls, and they again are within well fill'd with Earth. <HI>Quaderebbe,</HI> a <HI>Brabentiner,</HI> was Governor of this Place, who had a Garri&s;on under him of One thou&s;and nine hundred Foot, and Two hundred Hor&s;e. The chief Battery lay on that &s;ide which is covered by the <HI>Mo&s;elle.</HI> This place, after a &s;harp defence, was taken, upon good Articles the Twenty third of <HI>July:</HI> But then <HI>Strozzi,</HI> an excellent Commander, and a Man of great Courage and Prudence, was lo&s;t before it, who was accounted one of the be&s;t Captains of that Age. Four thou&s;and Town&s;men, and Fifteen hundred Soldiers marched out of this place when it was yielded up, mo&s;t of the latter being wounded on the Head. The French lo&s;t Four hundred, and had more wounded in this Siege. After this, they took <HI>Arlone,</HI> another Town in the &s;ame Dukedom, three German Miles from <HI>Luxemburg</HI> to the We&s;t, by Surprize, which being burnt by an unexpected Accident, was di&s;mantled and de&s;erted. Their next De&s;ign was again&s;t <HI>Luxem|burg,</HI> but here they &s;pent &s;eventeen days to no purpo&s;e.</P>
<P>It had been order'd by the Council,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Defeat of <HI>Thermes,</HI> near <HI>Grave|ling.</HI></NOTE> That at the &s;ame time the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> invaded the Dukedom of <HI>Luxemburg, Thermes,</HI> who was Governor of <HI>Calais,</HI> &s;hould enter <HI>Flanders,</HI> and that the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> &s;hould &s;econd him with &s;ome German Forces, and that his Brother the Duke of <HI>Aumale</HI> &s;hould joyn al&s;o with him at <HI>Faire en Vermandois:</HI> If their Orders had been as well pur&s;ued, as they weye prudently contrived, the Affairs of King <HI>Philip</HI> had been brought into great di&s;tre&s;s. <HI>Thermes</HI> went from <HI>Calais,</HI> in the beginning of <HI>July,</HI> with Five thou&s;and Ga&s;coners and Germans, and Fifteen hundred Hor&s;e, pa&s;&s;ing by <HI>Graveling,</HI> and coming &s;uddenly before <HI>Dunkirk;</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Dunkirk</HI> &s;ur|prized,</NOTE> and while he was treating with the Inhabitants, taking advantage of their Negligence, he Surprized the place, and having Plundered the Town, he put a Garri&s;on into it;
<NOTE PLACE="marg">And <HI>Vinox|berg.</HI></NOTE> after which he took <HI>Vinoxberg,</HI> without re&s;i&s;tance, though it was a Rich and a Populous Town, which he treated in the &s;ame manner; but then being &s;eized by the Gout, his u&s;ual Di&s;ea&s;e, he committed his Forces to the <HI>Sieur Villebonne,</HI> a Man too much addicted to Spoil and Rapine, who wa&s;ted all the Country with Fire and Sword as far as <HI>Newport.</HI> King <HI>Philip</HI> in the Interim had &s;ent the Duke of <HI>Savoy</HI> to <HI>Liege,</HI> with Orders to a&s;&s;emble Forces near <HI>Male|burg,</HI> to oppo&s;e the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e;</HI> but when he &s;aw <HI>Thionville</HI> and <HI>Arlonne</HI> lo&s;t, and the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> lye &s;till, he took the opportunity to Surprize the&s;e French|men before any Succors were come up to them; to which end he &s;ent Count <HI>Egmont,</HI> an Indu&s;trious Captain, to who&s;e diligence the Victory of St. <HI>Quintin</HI> was very much owing; he coming to <HI>Graveling,</HI> which lyes between <HI>Dunkirk</HI> and <HI>Calais,</HI> and from the &s;everal Spani&s;h Garri&s;ons, got together Twelve thou&s;and Foot, and
<PB N="21" REF="11">Three thou&s;and Hor&s;e, and a great number of Pea&s;ants, who being inraged at the Spoil of their Country, were de&s;irous of an opportunity to Revenge their Lo&s;&s;es. This being known to <HI>Thermes,</HI> who expected the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> every day according to his order, he recollected his &s;cattered Forces; and although he was not well, took Hor&s;e, and po&s;ted to his Camp near <HI>Graveling,</HI> being very &s;olicitous, though too late, to &s;ecure his Retreat to <HI>Calais,</HI> Count <HI>Egmont</HI> being now at his heels with his Forces: A Council of War was thereupon held in the Night, and it was re&s;olved that the French &s;hould take the advantage of the Ebb the next Day, and march by the Sea-&s;hore towards <HI>Calais.</HI> They pa&s;&s;ed the River <HI>Aa</HI> that Morning, without any difficulty at the Low-water; which <HI>Egmont</HI> ob&s;erving, he pa&s;&s;ed it too, and met the French. <HI>Thermes,</HI> who &s;aw now there was no &s;ecurity but in their Valour, having the Sea to the North, the Dike of <HI>Bou|laie</HI> on his Back, and the Enemy on his Front and Side, thereupon drew up his Men in the order of Battel; being &s;ecure on two Sides, to the South, which was his left-hand, he placed his Wagons, and planted his Field-pieces in the Front, which con&s;i&s;ted in &s;ix Culverins and three Faulcons, and on his Wings he placed his Hor&s;e, that they might cover the Ga&s;coners who were in the Front, the other French were in the Middle, and the Germans in the Reer. Count <HI>Egmont</HI> had for ha&s;te left all his Cannon on the other &s;ide of the River, and would not &s;tay for it, fear|ing the French might in the mean time e&s;cape him; dividing his Hor&s;e into five Parts, he commanded the Light Hor&s;e to begin the Fight; his Foot were divided into three Parts, according to their Nations, <HI>Flemings, Germans</HI> and <HI>Spaniards.</HI> He him&s;elf was one of the fir&s;t that charged the <HI>Ga&s;coners,</HI> who at fir&s;t &s;tood their ground &s;toutly, and Count <HI>Egmont</HI>'s Hor&s;e was &s;lain under him; but his Army being mo&s;t in number, when they came to clo&s;e Fight, Hor&s;e to Hor&s;e, and Foot to Foot, the <HI>Flemings</HI> being much encouraged by the hopes of Victory, and the <HI>French</HI> de&s;pairing of any other E&s;cape, the Fight was a long time doubtful; the <HI>Ga&s;coners</HI> fought manfully, the <HI>Germans</HI> were only Spectators, and the <HI>French</HI> Hor&s;e could do little for want of Ground; in the very heat of the Battel, twelve <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Ships coming up, put an end to the Fight, by gauling the <HI>French</HI> on the Right Wing with their Canon on that &s;ide they thought them&s;elves mo&s;t &s;ecure: Fifteen hundred were kill'd in the Fight, and many more peri&s;hed in the Flight, being knock'd on the head by the Pea&s;ants, who were inraged by their Rapins; others were drown'd, and <HI>Thermes, Villebone, Senarpont,</HI> the Count of <HI>Chaulne&s;s</HI> and <HI>Merviliers</HI> were taken Pri&s;oners; and the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Fleet took up Two hundred in the Sea, and carried them into <HI>England</HI> to the Queen. This Victory co&s;t the <HI>Flemings</HI> Five hundred Men, and was gain'd the Thirteenth of <HI>July.</HI></P>
<P>The Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> hearing of this Defeat, return'd to <HI>Pierre-pont,</HI> in the Borders of <HI>Picardy</HI> and <HI>Champagne,</HI> the Twenty eighth of <HI>July,</HI> that he might be ready at hand to prevent any Attempt might be made on <HI>France.</HI> The Town&s;men meet|ing, as the Cu&s;tom is, in a place call'd the <HI>Scholars Field,</HI> without the Suburbs of St. <HI>German,</HI> near <HI>Paris,</HI> a few of them, who were addicted to the <HI>Prote&s;tant</HI> Reli|gion, began to &s;ing <HI>David</HI>'s <HI>P&s;alms</HI> in <HI>French</HI> Metre; thereupon the People began, to leave their Sports, and joyning with them, &s;ung the &s;ame P&s;alms: After this, a greater number, and among them <HI>Anthony</HI> King of <HI>Navarr,</HI> and <HI>Jonae</HI> his Lady, who was already &s;u&s;pected to favour that Religion, fell into the &s;ame Practice. The Clergy were much allarm'd at this, affirming that this new Invention was de&s;ign'd to bring the ancient Cu&s;tom which they had received from the Church of <HI>Rome</HI> their Mother, of &s;inging the Publick Service in the <HI>Latin</HI> Tongue, into con|tempt, by introducing the u&s;e of one under&s;tood by the meane&s;t of the People. Whereupon they repre&s;ented this as very Seditious to the King, who order'd an Enquiry after the Authors of it to be made, and forbad the U&s;e of this Cu&s;tom for the future, on pain of Death.</P>
<P>About the &s;ame time,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Fleet un&s;uc|ce&s;sful.</NOTE> News was brought of the arrival of an <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Fleet of an Hundred and twenty Ships upon the Coa&s;t of <HI>Normandy,</HI> under the Lord <HI>Clinton. Haure de Grace</HI> and <HI>Diepe</HI> being feared, they &s;ent the Pre&s;ident of <HI>Boulogn</HI> to take care of tho&s;e Places; but the Fleet went on, and at <HI>Conquet,</HI> a Port of <HI>Britain,</HI> the Thirty fir&s;t of <HI>July,</HI> they landed, an Hundred and fifty Pe&s;ants at fir&s;t oppo&s;ing them; but Seven thou&s;and Men being landed, and the Ships with their Cannon playing upon them, the Inhabitants left the place and fled. The <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> entred the Town, and plundred it; but <HI>Ker&s;imont</HI> the Governor of that Province, coming up with Six thou&s;and which he had ha&s;tily rai&s;ed, he forced the <HI>Engli&s;h,</HI> with the lo&s;s of Six hundred of their Men, to return on board their Ships; about an Hundrd of
<PB N="22" REF="12" MS="y">them fell into the hands of the <HI>French,</HI> and among them one <HI>Hollander,</HI> who told the <HI>Fnench</HI> that thirty <HI>Dutch</HI> Ships, under the Command of one <HI>Wakenheim,</HI> had joyn'd this Fleet at the <HI>I&s;le of Wight</HI> by the order of King <HI>Philip;</HI> and that they were or|dered to take <HI>Bre&s;t,</HI> which the <HI>French</HI> thereupon fortified, and took great care of. Whereupon the Lord <HI>Clinton</HI> finding no Good was to be donc, returned, having made a very expen&s;ive and unpro&s;perous Voyage.</P>
<P>The <HI>French</HI> by this time had got together a very great Army, which the King &s;aw drawn up near <HI>Pierre-pont;</HI> and King <HI>Philip</HI>'s was not le&s;s, but then neither of the&s;e Princes were di&s;po&s;ed to try the Hazards of the War any further; and <HI>Montmoren|cy</HI> having agreed for his Ran&s;ome, at the rate of one hundred and &s;ixty five thou|&s;and Crowns, and being now grown old, and aver&s;e from the Thoughts of War, he and <HI>Chri&s;tierna,</HI> the Mother of the Duke of <HI>Loraine,</HI> went to and for between the two Princes, to promote a Treaty of Peace.</P>
<P><HI>Vendo&s;me Vidame of Chartres,</HI> who was made Governour of <HI>Calais,</HI> after <HI>Thermes</HI> was taken Pri&s;oner,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Treaty of <HI>Cambray</HI> began.</NOTE> had a De&s;ign upon S. <HI>Omers,</HI> but it was di&s;covered and pre|vented. In the middle of <HI>September,</HI> Amba&s;&s;adours from <HI>England, France</HI> and <HI>Spain</HI> met at <HI>Cambray,</HI> to treat of a Peace in good earne&s;t, and the fir&s;t thing they agree|ed upon, was the withdrawing of the two Armies, becau&s;e they &s;eemed very di&s;&s;o|nant from the End of that Meeting. The greate&s;t Difficulty they met with was about <HI>Calais,</HI> which the <HI>French</HI> were re&s;olved to keep, pretending it was an an|cient Piece of their Dominions, tho'lately recovered: And the <HI>Engli&s;h,</HI> on the other &s;ide, would never con&s;ent to the Treaty, if it were not re&s;tored: But be|fore this Conte&s;t could be brought to a conclu&s;ion, <HI>Mary</HI> Queen of <HI>England</HI> dyed, which ended the Controver&s;ie for the pre&s;ent, and thereupon this Congre&s;s was di&s;&s;olved, and another Meeting appointed in the &s;ame Place in <HI>January</HI> following.</P>
<P>The fifth of <HI>November</HI> the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Parliament met,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Parlia|ment of <HI>Eng|land</HI> meet, and Queen <HI>Mary</HI> dies.</NOTE> but in a very ill Temper. On the &s;eventeenth day of that Month, the Queen dyed, in the forty third Year of her Age, when &s;he had reigned five Years four Months and eleven Days. Her Death was for &s;ome Hours concealed, and then it was communicated to the Hou&s;e of Lords by the Lord Chancellour, who &s;ent for the Hou&s;e of Commons, and the Lord Chancellour &s;ignified to them al&s;o the Queen's Death; and both Hou&s;es pre|&s;ently agreed to proclaim <HI>Elizabeth</HI> her Si&s;ter Queen, <HI>wi&s;hing her a long and a happy reign.</HI></P>
<P>The great <HI>Thuanus,</HI> contrary to his Cu&s;tom, pa&s;&s;eth over Queen <HI>Mary</HI> without any Character; he could &s;ay little that was good of her, and would &s;ay nothing that was ill. Tho&s;e of her own Religion are now &s;o &s;en&s;ible of the Errors of her Government, that they are more put to it for Apologies than Panigyricks on her Memory.</P>
<P>In <HI>Germany</HI> a Dyet was appointed to meet at <HI>Frankford</HI> the twenty fourth of <HI>Fe|bruary,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The <HI>German</HI> Affairs.</NOTE> to which the Amba&s;&s;adours named by <HI>Charles</HI> V, before his Voyage into <HI>Spain,</HI> came and delivered his Re&s;ignation of the Empire, by which he had transfer|red his Authority to <HI>Ferdinand</HI> his Brother, then King of the <HI>Romans,</HI> to the Ele|ctors, who after a &s;hort deliberation accepted the &s;ame, and in a &s;olemn manner elected and admitted <HI>Ferdinand</HI> to the Empire, and afterwards crowned him. After his return to <HI>Vienna,</HI> he &s;ent <HI>Martin Gu&s;man,</HI> his Lord High Chamberlain, to <HI>Rome</HI> to acquaint the Pope with the Re&s;ignation of <HI>Charles</HI> V, and his Advancement to the Empire, and to a&s;&s;ure his Holine&s;s of his good Affections to that See. The mo|ro&s;e Old Gentleman would not admit the Amba&s;&s;adour, but left the bu&s;ine&s;s to be di&s;cu&s;&s;ed by the Cardinals, who were appointed for that purpo&s;e; who mu&s;t needs make a great bu&s;ine&s;s of it, and re&s;olved, <HI>That what had been done at</HI> Frankford <HI>was of no Validity, becau&s;e the Holy See had not con&s;ented to it, and Chri&s;t's Vicar, who was entru&s;ted with the Keys of the
<NOTE N="*" PLACE="marg">That is the Eccle&s;ia&s;ticai and Civil Government.</NOTE> Cele&s;tial and Terre&s;tial Government, without who&s;e Con|&s;ent, neither</HI> Charles <HI>could be di&s;charged from the Empire, nor</HI> Ferdinand <HI>be admitted. That no Re&s;ignation or Deprivation could be made to or by any other than the Pope. Be&s;ides what was done at</HI> Frankford, <HI>had been tran&s;acted by Men infected with Here&s;ie, who had lo&s;t all that Grace and Power, which belonged to them, whil&s;t they were Members of the Church of</HI> Rome: <HI>That therefore</HI> Ferdinand <HI>was to appear within three Months before the Pope's Tribunal, to an&s;wer for his Mi&s;demeanours, and to &s;hew his Repentance; and then without doubt he would obtain Pardon from this meek Father:</HI> With much more to the &s;ame purpo&s;e.</P>
<P><HI>Ferdinand</HI> was of another Temper, and ordered his Amba&s;&s;adour to return, if he were not admitted within three Days, leaving a Prote&s;tation behind him. This a little quelled the Pope, who admitted him to a Private Audience the thirteenth of
<PB N="23" REF="12" MS="y"><HI>July,</HI> when the Pope <HI>excu&s;ed him&s;elf for not having granted his Reque&s;t &s;ooner, for want of Lei&s;ure and Time to examine all the Difficulties which were propo&s;ed in this Affair by the Cardinals; and &s;eeing his Lord&s;hip could &s;tay no longer at</HI> Rome, <HI>he might return when he plea&s;ed, and he would &s;end an Amba&s;&s;adour to the Emperour</HI> (&s;o he called <HI>Charles</HI> V, notwith&s;tanding his Re&s;ignation) <HI>as &s;oon as was po&s;&s;ible.</HI> And thus this thing &s;tood till the Death of Pope <HI>Paul</HI> III.</P>
<P><HI>Charles</HI> V, late Emperour of <HI>Germany,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Death and Chara|cter of <HI>Charles</HI> the Fifth;</NOTE> being at la&s;t overpowered by the many Di&s;ea&s;es which oppre&s;&s;ed him, died the twenty fir&s;t of <HI>September. In this Prince</HI> (&s;aith <HI>Thuanus</HI>) <HI>Fortune and Virtue &s;trove to Crown his De&s;erts with the utmo&s;t degree of Temporal Felicity. And for my part, I take him for the be&s;t Pattern which can po&s;|&s;ibly be given of a virtuous Prince, in this or any former Age.</HI> His la&s;t Words were the&s;e, <HI>Continue in me my dear Saviour, that I may continue in thee.</HI> He lived fifty eight Years, &s;ix Months and twenty five Days, and was Emperour of <HI>Germany</HI> thirty &s;ix Years.</P>
<P><HI>Thuanus</HI> &s;aith of him, That no part of his Life was de&s;titute of &s;ome commendable Action, yet he &s;hew'd the greatne&s;s of his Soul mo&s;t vi&s;ibly in the clo&s;e of it: Be|fore he was wont to conquer others, in this he overcame him&s;elf, and reflecting on a better Life, renounced this pre&s;ent, which was lyable to &s;o many Chances, be|fore he dyed; and having &s;o many Years lived to the good of others, began now to live only to God and him&s;elf. In all that two Years which went next before his Di&s;&s;olution, he lived in the Society of &s;ome Monks of the Order of S. <HI>Jerome;</HI> and by the Advice of one <HI>Con&s;tantin,</HI> his Confe&s;&s;or, applied him&s;elf chiefly to the read|ing of S. <HI>Bernard,</HI> and fixing his Soul only on God, thus he argued:
<NOTE PLACE="marg">His Opinion concerning Ju&s;tification.</NOTE> That he was unworthy, by his own Merits, to obtain the Kingdom of Heaven; but his Lord God, who had a double Right to it, that of Inheritance from his Father, and that of the Merits of his Pa&s;&s;ion, was content with the fir&s;t as to him&s;elf, and has left the &s;econd to me, by who&s;e Gift I may ju&s;tly claim it, and tru&s;ting to this Faith, I &s;hall not be a&s;hamed: For neither can the Oyl of Mercy be put in any other Ve&s;&s;el than that of Faith: That this is the only Confidence of that Man who for&s;akes him|&s;elf and relies upon his Lord: That to tru&s;t any otherwi&s;e to ones own Merits was not of Faith but Perfidy: That Sins were forgiven by the Mercy of God, and therefore we ought to believe that none but God can blot them out, again&s;t whom only we have &s;inned, in whom is no &s;in, and by whom alone our &s;ins are forgiven, us. The&s;e Doctrins were afterwards thought in <HI>Spain</HI> to approach &s;o near tho&s;e of the <HI>Lutherans,</HI> that his Confe&s;&s;or was burnt for an Heretick after he was dead; and &s;ome others that were about him had hard mea&s;ure, after his Death, on that account, and <HI>Lucas O&s;iander</HI> affirms, in expre&s;s Terms, That <HI>Charles</HI> V, dyed a <HI>Lutheran</HI> in the Point of Ju&s;tification.</P>
<P>Queen <HI>Elizabeth,</HI> pre&s;ently after her &s;ettlement,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">Queen <HI>Eliza|beth</HI> &s;ucceeds.</NOTE> di&s;patched Me&s;&s;engers to all the Princes of Chri&s;tendom, giving notice of her Si&s;ter's Death, and her Succe&s;&s;ion, and among them, to the Pope al&s;o, by Sir <HI>Edward Karn,</HI> then Re&s;ident at <HI>Rome.</HI> His Holine&s;s, in his u&s;ual Stile replyed; <HI>That</HI> England <HI>was held in Fee of the Apo|&s;tolick See, That &s;he could not &s;ucceed, being illegitimate, nor could he contradict the De|clarations made in that matter by his Predece&s;&s;ors</HI> Clement <HI>VII, and</HI> Paul <HI>III: He &s;aid it was a great boldne&s;s in her to a&s;&s;ume the Crown without his Con&s;ent; for which, in Rea|&s;on, &s;he de&s;erved no Favour at his Hands: Yet if &s;he would renounce her Pretentions, and refer her&s;elf wholly to him, he would &s;hew a Fatherly Affection to her, and do every thing for her that could con&s;i&s;t with the Dignity of the Apo&s;tolick See.</HI> It was great pity this generous Pope &s;hould fall into &s;uch Heretical Times; his great Soul would certainly have wrought Wonders berfore the Days of <HI>Luther;</HI> but now ala&s;s! all this Papal Meekne&s;s &s;erved only to render that &s;inking Ship more de&s;picable and hated; for Queen <HI>Elizabeth,</HI> when &s;he heard of it, was nothing concerned at it, but immedi|ately &s;he recalled <HI>Karn</HI>'s Powers, and commanded him to come home: And Pope|ry from hence forward fared very will in <HI>England;</HI> but then our Affairs have been &s;o exactly de&s;cribed by others, and are &s;o well known to Engli&s;h Men, That I &s;hall here di&s;mi&s;s them, and apply my &s;elf wholly to the Foreign Affairs.</P>
<P><HI>Thuanus</HI> ob&s;erves,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The <HI>Scotch</HI> Affairs.</NOTE> That this Year there was rather no War than a Peace in <HI>Scot|land,</HI> for that the whole Kingdom was imbroiled with Rapines and the burning of Towns, two of the principal Nobility of <HI>Scotland</HI> being carried away captive by the <HI>Engli&s;h, William Keth</HI> Son of the Earl Mar&s;hal, and <HI>Patrick Gray:</HI> An <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Fleet al&s;o, under the Command of Sir <HI>John Clare,</HI> infe&s;ted the <HI>Scotch</HI> Shoars, and burnt a Place, by my Author called <HI>Cracoviaca, Kirk-wall, Main-Land,</HI> the prin|cipal of the I&s;les of <HI>Orkney,</HI> which he &s;aith was the Seat of the Bi&s;hop, and the
<PB N="24" REF="13">principal, or rather only Town in tho&s;e I&s;lands, which he &s;uppofeth was &s;evere|ly cha&s;tized by Heaven, by a Tempe&s;t, which &s;oon after di&s;per&s;ed the Fleet, leav|ing a part of the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> on the I&s;land, who were all &s;lain by the I&s;landers and Natives.</P>
<P>This Year al&s;o the Reformation of Religion was much agitated, tho not effected in <HI>Scotland;
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Scotland</HI> be|gins to enter|tain the Re|formation.</NOTE> Alexander Somervill</HI> Archbi&s;hop of S. <HI>Andrews,</HI> with the a&s;&s;i&s;tance of the re&s;t of the Churchmen, condemned one <HI>Walter Mills,</HI> an old Prie&s;t, to be burnt for Here&s;ie, and bani&s;hed one <HI>Paul Mefan,</HI> hoping thereby to re&s;tore their lo&s;t Autho|rity, and curb the People; but it had a quite contrary effect, the patient and chear|ful Martyrdom of <HI>Mills</HI> incen&s;ing the People to that height, that they &s;poke very freely, or as my Author has it, Licentiou&s;ly and Seditiou&s;ly of the Church-men, and a Solemn Proce&s;&s;ion being made on the fir&s;t day of <HI>September,</HI> in memory of S. <HI>Eugenius,</HI> or S. <HI>Gile</HI>'s at <HI>Edenburgh,</HI> of which he was Patron, who&s;e Image was then carried about with great Pomp, the People tore it out of the Hands of tho&s;e that bore it, and threw it into the common Drought, having fir&s;t broke off the Head, Hands and Feet of this Wooden Saint, the Monks and the re&s;t of his Friends fleeing, and leaving him to &s;hift for him&s;elf. The Clergy &s;eeing their Authority thus &s;inking, a&s;&s;embled in a Synod, the ninth of <HI>November,</HI> to try if the &s;eting a good Face, and pretending great Con&s;idence would retrieve their &s;inking Cau&s;e: But they of the Reformed Party, on the contrary, of all Degrees exhorted one another to per&s;evere in the Truth, <HI>and not to &s;uffer them&s;elves to be oppre&s;&s;ed by a &s;mall and weak number of Men: For if</HI> (&s;ay they) <HI>the&s;e Men proceed by Legal Cour&s;es, we &s;hall be too hard for them, if they make u&s;e of Force, we are a Match for them.</HI> They drew up an Addre&s;s al&s;o to the Queen Regent, which they &s;ent unto her by one <HI>James Sandelands,</HI> an Honourable Baron, and of great account, in it de&s;iring, That the Publick Prayers and Admini&s;tration of the Sacraments might be in the Vulgar Tongue, and that the Mini&s;ters might be elected by the People. The Regent, tho' a zealous Catholick, yet fearing a Tumult, commanded the Prie&s;ts to &s;ay the Pray|ers in the <HI>Scotch</HI> Language. The &s;ame Demands were made by the Nobility of the Synod, then a&s;&s;embled at <HI>Edinburgh:</HI> Who replyed, That they mu&s;t abide by the Orders of the Canon-Law, and the Decrees of the Council of <HI>Trent.</HI> The No|bility perceiving them thus aver&s;e to a Reformation, &s;ent one <HI>John Aresken</HI> of <HI>Dundee</HI> a learned Man to appea&s;e them; who with great re&s;pect be&s;ought them, At lea&s;t to grant the People the u&s;e of the publick Prayers in their Mother Tongue. The Clergy would neverthele&s;s abate nothing of their former Severity; and the Queen regent, by their Per&s;ua&s;ion &s;oon recalled what had been extorted from her. But the Death of Queen <HI>Mary</HI> of <HI>England,</HI> and the Succe&s;&s;ion of Queen <HI>Elizabeth,</HI> which happened this Month, &s;oon turned the Scales, and gave her Cau&s;e to repent her too great ob&s;tinacy.</P>
<P>The Learned <HI>Spoti&s;wood</HI> ob&s;erves, That this <HI>Mills</HI> was the la&s;t Martyr that dyed in <HI>Scotland</HI> for Religion; That <HI>Patrick Lermoth</HI> Bailiff of the Regality, ab&s;olutely refu&s;ed to pa&s;s Sentence of Death, as a Judge upon him, after the Bi&s;hop had de|livered him up to the Secular Power; that in the whole City of S. <HI>Andrews</HI> a Cord was not to be had for Money, &s;o that they were forced to take one of the Cords of the Archbi&s;hop's Pavilion, to tie him to the Stake. It had been good Prudence to have de&s;i&s;ted, when they &s;aw the whole Body of the People thus bent again&s;t them, but they were hurried on to their Ruine, by a blind Rage.</P>
<P>The People of <HI>Scotland</HI> were no le&s;s incen&s;ed on the other Side, and re&s;olved openly to profe&s;s the Reformed Religion, binding them&s;elves by Promi&s;e and Sub|&s;cription to an Oath, That <HI>if any &s;hould be called in que&s;tion for matters of Religion, at any time hereafter, they would take Arms, and joyn in defence of their Religion and Bre|thren, again&s;t the Tyranny and Per&s;ecution of the Bi&s;hops.</HI> The principal Men, who joyned in this Bond were <HI>Archibald</HI> Earl of <HI>Argile, Alexander</HI> Earl of <HI>Glencarne, James</HI> Earl of <HI>Morton, Archibald</HI> Lord of <HI>Lorne,</HI> Sir <HI>James Sandelands</HI> of <HI>Calder, John Erskin</HI> of <HI>Dun,</HI> and <HI>William Maitland</HI> of <HI>Lethington.</HI> To this Bond va&s;t num|bers throughout the Kingdom &s;ub&s;cribed, &s;o that they found their numbers were at lea&s;t equal to tho&s;e that oppo&s;ed them.</P>
</DIV1>
<DIV1 N="2" TYPE="book">
<PB N="25" REF="13">
<HEAD>A CONTINUATION OF THE HISTORY OF THE REFORMATION.</HEAD>
<HEAD TYPE="sub">BOOK II.</HEAD>
<ARGUMENT>
<HEAD>The CONTENTS.</HEAD>
<P><HI>The Deaths and Characters of</HI> Frederick I, <HI>and</HI> Chri&s;tian II, <HI>Kings. of</HI> Denmark. Frederick II <HI>conquereth</HI> Dietmar&s;h. <HI>The Affairs of</HI> Italy. <HI>New Bi&s;hopricks erected in the</HI> Low-Countries. <HI>King</HI> Philip <HI>de&s;irous of a Peace with</HI> France, <HI>that he might be at lei&s;ure to extirpate Here&s;ie. That De&s;ign di&s;covered to the Prince of</HI> Orange. <HI>The Diet of</HI> Germany. <HI>Conditions propo&s;ed in it by the Prote&s;tants for a Council. The Emperor confirms the Peace of</HI> Pa&s;&s;aw. <HI>The</HI> French <HI>Amba&s;&s;adors come to the Dyet. The Life and Death of</HI> David George, <HI>a famous Impo&s;tor. The Treaty of</HI> Cambray <HI>produces a Peace at last. The Peace occa&s;ioneth a Per&s;ecution in</HI> France. <HI>The King goes to the Parliament of</HI> Paris, <HI>to awe it into a Compliance: Yet &s;ome retain their Freedom at the Price of their Lives. The King's An&s;wer. A</HI> French <HI>Synod held by the Prote&s;tant Mini&s;ters. The Prote&s;tant Princes of</HI> Germany <HI>write to the King of</HI> France <HI>in the behalf of the Per&s;ecuted. A Commi&s;&s;ion i&s;&s;ued to Try the &s;u&s;pected Mem|bers of Parliament.</HI> Du Bourg <HI>first Tried. The &s;ad condition of</HI> France <HI>during the Per&s;ecution.</HI> Henry II <HI>&s;lain. The various Characters of that Prince.</HI> Francis II <HI>&s;ucceeds him, a Lad of Sixteen Years of age. The Per&s;ecution goes on. Slanders against the Prote&s;tants.</HI> Du Bourg <HI>Condemn'd.</HI> Minart, <HI>a Per&s;ecutor, A&s;&s;a&s;&s;inated.</HI> Du Bourg <HI>Executed. His Character. The rest of the Members of Parliament re&s;tored. King</HI> Philip <HI>prepares for</HI> Spain. <HI>He takes Ship at</HI> Flu&s;hing. <HI>Arrives in</HI> Spain. <HI>Rai&s;eth a great Per&s;ecution there. The Death of Pope</HI> Paul IV. <HI>The Deaths of &s;everal other Princes.</HI> Pius IV <HI>Elected.</HI> Scotch <HI>Affairs. The</HI> Engli&s;h <HI>Affairs relating to</HI> Scotland <HI>and</HI> France. <HI>The</HI> Scotch <HI>Complaints against the</HI> French. <HI>The War against the</HI> French <HI>in</HI> Scotland. <HI>The Death and Character of</HI> Mary <HI>Queen Regent of</HI> Scotland. <HI>The</HI> French <HI>Expelled thence. A Con&s;piracy in</HI> France. <HI>The King of</HI> Navar, Conde, Coligni <HI>&s;u&s;pected to be in it. An A&s;&s;embly of the Princes of</HI> France. <HI>A Decree pa&s;&s;ed for an A&s;&s;embly of the three E&s;tates. The Prote&s;tants of</HI> France <HI>encrea&s;e.</HI> Francis II <HI>dies. A General Council de&s;ired, and obtain'd by the Duke of</HI> Florence. Gu&s;tavus <HI>King of</HI> Sweden <HI>dies. The E&s;tates of</HI> France <HI>open'd. The Per&s;ecution of</HI> Piedmont, <HI>which occa&s;ioneth a War.</HI></P>
</ARGUMENT>
<P>THE Fir&s;t day of <HI>January, Frederick</HI> I, King of <HI>Denmark,</HI> who was Elected by the Dyat of that Kingdom, in the Year 1523, in&s;tead of <HI>Chri&s;tian</HI> II,
<MILESTONE N="1559" UNIT="year"> depo&s;ed by his Subjects for his Cruelty, died at <HI>Koldingen,</HI> a Town in the Dukedom of <HI>Sle&s;wick,</HI> when he had lived Fifty &s;ix Years,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Death of <HI>Frederick</HI> I, King of <HI>Den|mark.</HI></NOTE> Three Months and Twenty Days, and reigned Thirty four Years. He was a Prince of great Moderation and Ju&s;tice; he overthrew the united Army of <HI>Chri&s;topher</HI> Duke of <HI>Oldenburg,</HI> and of the City of <HI>Lubeck,</HI> who had invaded his Inheritance, near <HI>Al&s;ens,</HI>
<PB N="26" REF="14">a City of <HI>Fionia,</HI> with a great &s;laughter of their Forces. Having by this Victory obtain'd a Peace, he cau&s;ed the holy Scriptures to be tran&s;lated into the <HI>Dani&s;h</HI> Tongue, and open'd an Univer&s;ity and a Library at <HI>Coppenhagen.</HI> Not long before his Death he vi&s;ited his depo&s;ed Uncle, who was then in Pri&s;on, and having di&s;cours'd very friendly with him a great while, they mutually forgave each other. By his Queen <HI>Dorothy,</HI> Daughter of <HI>Magnus</HI> Duke of <HI>Saxony,</HI> he had five Children, <HI>Frederick</HI> II, who &s;ucceeded him in his Kingdom, <HI>Magnus</HI> Bi&s;hop of <HI>&V;p&s;al</HI> in <HI>Livonia, Joane, Ann</HI> married to <HI>Augu&s;tus</HI> Elector of <HI>Saxony,</HI> and <HI>Dorothy</HI> married to <HI>Henry</HI> Duke of <HI>Lunenburg.</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Chri&s;tian</HI> II, King of <HI>Den|mark</HI> dies.</NOTE> The Twenty third of the &s;ame Month, <HI>Chri&s;tian</HI> his Predece&s;&s;or in that Kingdom, followed him, being in the Seventy &s;eventh year of his Age; he had lived in Pri&s;on ever &s;ince the Year 1532, having given (&s;aith my Author <HI>Thuanus</HI>) this Le&s;&s;on to all Princes, <HI>That if they will Reign well and happily, they must govern their Affections, and not out of a violent lust of in&s;ulting over their Subjects, give up them&s;elves to the conduct of their Pa&s;&s;ions; and that they ought to a&s;&s;ure them&s;elves, that God is a &s;evere Revenger, always ready, and delighting to pluck off their Thrones the most Proud and In&s;olent who &s;hall abu&s;e that Power he has intru&s;ted them with. Frederick</HI> I, being dead, who was a Prince utterly aver&s;e from war, and neither moved by Ambition nor Covetou&s;ne&s;s to invade what was anothers;
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Frederick</HI> II conquereth <HI>Diermar&s;h.</HI></NOTE> his Son <HI>Frederick</HI> began a War upon the Inhabitants of <HI>Dietmar&s;h,</HI> who had heretofore been &s;ubject to the Dukes of <HI>Hol&s;tein,</HI> the Bi&s;hop of <HI>Breme,</HI> and the Kings of <HI>Denmark</HI> &s;ucce&s;&s;ively, and had often regain'd their Liberty with great Lo&s;s and Di&s;honour to tho&s;e Princes that had attempted to reduce this &s;mall Province; but now their time was come, and <HI>Adolph</HI> Duke of <HI>Hol&s;tein,</HI> this year made a final Conque&s;t of them, for <HI>Frederick</HI> King of <HI>Denmark,</HI> in the &s;pace of one Month.</P>
<P>In the beginning of this Year was a great change of Affairs at <HI>Rome.</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Affairs of <HI>Italy.</HI></NOTE> The Kindred of the Pope had already made them&s;elves hated by all Chri&s;tendom, and now the Pope him&s;elf too fell out with them. they had engaged the Pope in the War with <HI>Spain,</HI> which had brought &s;o much Lo&s;s and Shame upon that See, and its Dominions. In the time of tho&s;e Confu&s;ions they had acted many things with great Rapacity, Intemperance and In&s;olence without the Pope's knowledge, who finding his Trea&s;ure exhau&s;ted, had by their Advice rai&s;ed great and extraordinary Taxes upon his People; and be&s;ides all this, had &s;old the Places of the Criminal and Civil Judges, &s;uppre&s;&s;ed the monthly Payments of his Officers, and &s;eized many of the Lands belonging to the Religious Orders, and had levied two Tenths upon all the Benefices. The War with King <HI>Philip</HI> being ended, and the Pope having with a calm and di&s;pa&s;&s;ionate mind heard the Complaints made again&s;t his Relations by one <HI>Jeremiah,</HI> a Fryer of the <HI>Theatin</HI> Order, and e&s;pecially again&s;t the Cardinal of <HI>Caraffa,</HI> began more nearly to in&s;pect his own Affairs, and the Lives of his Rela|tions. About the &s;ame time, <HI>Co&s;mus</HI> Duke of <HI>Florenee</HI> made great Complaint al&s;o of the <HI>Caraffa</HI>'s, becau&s;e not content with the extorting what they pleas'd from the Ho&s;pitals, Mona&s;teries and Clergy within the Pope's Dominions (which they lookt upon as their own) they had al&s;o by their private Authority done the &s;ame Wrongs in the Dukedom of <HI>Florence,</HI> and indeed all over <HI>Italy.</HI> He thereupon order'd <HI>Bon|gianni Gianfigliacci,</HI> his Re&s;ident at <HI>Rome,</HI> to complain of this to the Pope; but then the <HI>Caraffa</HI>'s had prevented him from having any Audience; whereupon <HI>Co&s;mus</HI> wrote a Letter to the Pope, which was by the means of Cardinal <HI>Vitelli,</HI> an Hater of their In&s;olence, deliver'd to the Pope. He having read it, &s;ent pre&s;ently for his old Monitor <HI>Jeremiah,</HI> and by him ordered <HI>Vitelli</HI> to give him a more exact account of their Mi&s;demeanors. There was nothing more incen&s;ed the Pope again&s;t them (who was Imperious and Jealous of his Papal Power to the utmo&s;t degree) than that the Cardinal had agreed, without his knowledge or con&s;ent, with the Duke <HI>de Alva;</HI> that his Brother &s;hould accept of a Compen&s;ation from King <HI>Philip</HI> in&s;tead of <HI>Paliani,</HI> which Place the Pope had de&s;igned to unite to his See. Whereupon he pre&s;ently commanded the Cardinal to leave the <HI>Vatican,</HI> and not to come any more into his Pre&s;ence. The Twenty &s;eventh of <HI>January</HI> the Pope &s;ummon'd a great Con&s;i&s;tory, and in it di&s;charged him of the Prime Mini&s;try of Affairs, and of the Government of <HI>Bononia.</HI> He took al&s;o from the Duke of <HI>Paliani,</HI> his Brother, the Command of the Forces of the Eccle&s;ia&s;tick State, and of the Gallies, and deprived the Marque&s;s <HI>di Monte Belli</HI> of the Cu&s;tody of the Vatican Palace, declaring again&s;t them with that fury, that &s;ome of the Cardinals attempted to appea&s;e him, and among them <HI>Ranutio</HI> Cardinal of <HI>Farne&s;s:</HI> To whom he replied, <HI>That your Grandfather had done much better, if like me he had &s;acri|ficed his private Affections to his Pa&s;toral Office, and having &s;everely cha&s;ti&s;ed your Father's
<PB N="27" REF="14" MS="y">abominable Lu&s;ts and Villanies, had thereby prevented the &s;candal the Impunity of them hath given to the whole World.</HI> So that nothing that could be &s;aid or done, could reduce the old Man from his Re&s;olves again&s;t them, but tended rather to the encrea&s;ing of his Fury. And hereupon he forthwith aboli&s;h'd &s;ome Impo&s;ts, pretending they were exacted without his knowledge: By all which he hoped to obtain the repute of a Ju&s;t and Upright Prince, and to ca&s;t the Odium of the ill things which had been done in his Popedom, upon his Relations. After this, he betook him&s;elf wholly to the promoting the <HI>Inqui&s;ition,</HI> which he call'd the mo&s;t <HI>Holy Tribunal,</HI> and here he &s;hewed a very great &s;everity, bringing not only Men &s;u&s;pected of Here&s;ie, but of &s;ome other Crimes within their Juri&s;diction. Then commanding all Monks and Nuns to their &s;everal Hou&s;es, he Impri&s;on'd &s;ome, and &s;ent others to the Gallies, for not pre&s;ently obeying him. His Rigour was &s;o great in this la&s;t, that many left his State, and went and &s;etled in the State of <HI>Venice.</HI> He &s;pent Fifty thou&s;and Crowns in Corn, to relieve the Poor in a time of Scarcity, and &s;etled Bi&s;hops at <HI>Malacha</HI> and <HI>Cochin,</HI> two Cities belonging to the <HI>Portugue&s;e</HI> in the <HI>East-Indies,</HI> and made the Bi&s;hop of <HI>Goa</HI> an Archbi&s;hop, exempting him from the Juri&s;diction of the Bi&s;hoprick of <HI>Li&s;bon.</HI> He al&s;o erected many new Sees in the <HI>Low-Countries,</HI> at the reque&s;t of <HI>Philip</HI> King of <HI>Spain,</HI> to the Diminution of the Juri&s;diction and Dioce&s;&s;es of many <HI>French</HI> and <HI>German</HI> Bi&s;hops. The&s;e Sees were &s;etled at <HI>Mechlen, Antwerp, Harlem, Daventrie, Leewarden, Groningen, Midleburg, Bo&s;leduc,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">New Bi&s;hop|ricks erected in the <HI>Low-Countries.</HI></NOTE> Namur,</HI> St. <HI>Omers, Ipre&s;s, Gant</HI> and <HI>Bruges,</HI> and were put under the Archbi&s;hops of <HI>Cam|bray, Mechlin</HI> and <HI>&V;trecht.</HI> This change gave great offence to the <HI>Low-Countries,</HI> who e&s;teem'd itrather an In&s;laving than an Honouring of their Country, to have &s;o many New Sees &s;etled among them; and the more, becau&s;e among other Rea&s;ons a&s;&s;igned by the Pope, one was, That the&s;e Countries were on all &s;ides encompa&s;s'd with Na|tions which had ca&s;t off the See of <HI>Rome;</HI> &s;o that the Salvation of the Souls of this People was much endanger'd by Schi&s;m, which rendred this Settlement hateful to all tho&s;e who favour'd the Reformation; &s;o that this was one of the principal Cau&s;es of the War which followed, which in the end proved fatal to many of the&s;e New Bi&s;hopricks.</P>
<P>In the <HI>interim,</HI> this Con&s;ideration had that effect upon the Spirit of King <HI>Philip,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">King <HI>Philip</HI> de&s;irous of a Peace with <HI>France,</HI> that he might be at lei&s;ure to extirpate He|re&s;ie.</NOTE> that it greatly di&s;po&s;ed him above all others to enter into a Treaty of Peace with <HI>France.</HI> He &s;aw that not only the Licence which attended a War, but the va&s;t number of <HI>Germans</HI> which he was forced to employ, by their conver&s;ing with his Subjects in the <HI>Netherlands,</HI> begat in them a good Opinion of <HI>Luther</HI> and the Refor|mation. <HI>Henry</HI> II of <HI>France</HI> imprudently communicated to <HI>William</HI> of <HI>Na&s;&s;aw,</HI> Prince of <HI>Orange,</HI> when he was Emba&s;&s;ador for <HI>Philip</HI> in <HI>France,</HI> when they were one day Hunting together,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">That De&s;ign di&s;cover'd to the Prince of <HI>Orange.</HI></NOTE> <HI>That King</HI> Philip <HI>and he had agreed first to extirpate all the Sects which were then ri&s;ing in the</HI> Netherlands, <HI>and after that they would joyn their Arms, and do the like in all other places;</HI> which being di&s;covered by that Prince to the <HI>Netherlanders,</HI> they entred into Con&s;ultation for the pre&s;erving them&s;elves from the Pride of the <HI>Spani&s;h</HI> Government, and made tho&s;e in&s;olent Demands of King <HI>Philp,</HI> when he was going into <HI>Spain.</HI> This Coun&s;el was then generally attributed to the Cardinal of <HI>Lorain,</HI> and <HI>Perrenot</HI> Bi&s;hop of <HI>Arras,</HI> and all con|cluded, That under the pretence of &s;uppre&s;&s;ing Here&s;ie, King <HI>Philip</HI> and <HI>Henry</HI> of <HI>France</HI> had laid a De&s;ign of Ruining the Civil Liberties of <HI>France</HI> and the <HI>Netherlands.</HI> When the Commi&s;&s;ioners met, for the concluding the Treaty of Peace between the&s;e Princes, they found them&s;elves delivered from one difficulty, the Re&s;titution of <HI>Calais,</HI> by the Death of Queen <HI>Mary</HI> of <HI>England;</HI> but then <HI>Thionville, Verdun</HI> and <HI>Toul,</HI> three Imperial Cities, had been taken in this War by the <HI>French,</HI> and King <HI>Philip</HI> thought he was bound in Honour, and by his Intere&s;t too, to &s;ee them re&s;tored to the Empire, and yet he &s;aw the <HI>French</HI> were as well re&s;olved to keep them. Nor was indeed his Intere&s;t in the Re&s;titution &s;o great as that of the <HI>French</HI> was to keep them, he having very effectually provided for his own Security and Benefit, by the gaining other Places.</P>
<P>Hereupon the&s;e Princes, by mutual con&s;ent,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Dyet of <HI>Germany.</HI></NOTE> &s;ent Emba&s;&s;adors to the Dyet of <HI>Germany,</HI> began this Year the Twenty fifth of <HI>February,</HI> at <HI>Au&s;burg.</HI> The fir&s;t thing that was done in them, was the celebrating the Funeral of <HI>Charles</HI> V, with great Solemnity. His Encomium was pronounced by <HI>Lewis Madru&s;e,</HI> then Bi&s;hop of <HI>Trent,</HI> and afterwards a Cardinal. After this Ceremony, an Account was given of the Conference at <HI>Wormes,</HI> for the Reconciling the Differences of Religion; and there appearing no hope of an Accommdation, <HI>Ferdinand</HI> the Emperor promi&s;ed he would take care to have the General Council renewed, and that all &s;hould obey its
<PB N="28" REF="15">Decrees and Determinations. But the Deputies of the Duke of <HI>Saxony,</HI> and of &s;everal other Princes of the Empire oppo&s;ed this, affirming that there being no hopes of re&s;toring the Peace of the Church by a Popi&s;h Council,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">Conditions propo&s;ed by the <HI>Prote&s;tants</HI> for a Council.</NOTE> the Edicts of <HI>Pa&s;&s;aw</HI> and <HI>An&s;burg</HI> were religiou&s;ly to be ob&s;erved: But the Emperor per&s;i&s;ting in his former Opinion, they &s;aid they were not again&s;t a Free and General Council in <HI>Germany,</HI> &s;o be it were legally a&s;&s;embled by the Emperor, and not by the Pope, and in which the Pope &s;hould appear as a Party &s;ubject to the Council, and not as Pre&s;ident and Judge of all others; and provided the Bi&s;hops and Clergy might be freed from the Oath they had taken to the Pope, that they might freely &s;peak their Thoughts: That the &s;acred Scriptures might be the only Rule by which they &s;hould judge and determin the&s;e Controver&s;ies, rejecting all humane Traditions and Cu&s;toms that were contrary to the Word of God: If the Divines who had embraced the <HI>Augu&s;tane</HI> Confe&s;&s;ion, might not only be heard, but admitted to give their Votes in the Deci&s;ion of the&s;e Controver&s;ies, and have good Security given them for their going thither; and that they &s;hould enjoy the Liberty granted them by the Decree of <HI>Au&s;burg,</HI> without any fraud or violence: That the Points in Di&s;pute &s;hould not be determin'd, as is u&s;ual in Civil Affairs, by the Plurality of Votes, but by the Rule and Pre&s;cription of the Word of God: That in the fir&s;t place, the Decrees of the Council of <HI>Trent</HI> already made, &s;hould be cancell'd as vitious, and not legally a&s;&s;embled; and that the&s;e things &s;hould be debated anew. And la&s;tly, That if the&s;e things could not be obtain'd of the Pope, the Emperor &s;hould maintain the Peace of Religion, and the Edict of <HI>Pa&s;&s;aw.</HI> The&s;e were the Conditions the Prote&s;tants propo&s;ed for the holding of a Council.</P>
<P>The Emperior,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Emperor Confirms the Peace of <HI>Pa&s;|&s;aw.</HI></NOTE> who de&s;paired of reconciling the differences of Religion on the&s;e Terms, and having no other way left him for pre&s;erving the Peace of <HI>Germany,</HI> Confirm'd the Peace of <HI>Pa&s;&s;aw.</HI> After this, they took into Con&s;ideration the Reduction of the Monies of <HI>Germany</HI> to their ancient value and purity, and heard the Complaints of <HI>William</HI> of <HI>Fur&s;temberg,</HI> Great Ma&s;ter of the Knights of <HI>Livonia,</HI> who obtain'd a Grant of an Hundred thou&s;and Crowns for the Levying of an Army for their Protection again&s;t the <HI>Ru&s;s:</HI> But this Sum &s;eeming le&s;s than the nece&s;&s;ity of their Affairs and of the Times required, the <HI>Livonians</HI> neglected it, and betook them&s;elves to the Protection of <HI>Sigi&s;mund Augu&s;tus,</HI> King of <HI>Poland,</HI> to whom they a&s;&s;ign'd Nine of their &s;tronge&s;t Places, upon condition that they might at any time redeem them by the payment of Six thou&s;and Crowns, which was confirm'd by a Treaty Signed and Sworn between them and the King of <HI>Poland.</HI> After which, <HI>Fur&s;temberg</HI> re&s;igned his Dignity to <HI>Gotard Ketler.</HI> There was al&s;o a Complaint made by the <HI>Livonians</HI> again&s;t the Inhabitants of <HI>Lubeck, Riga</HI> and <HI>Revel,</HI> for furni&s;hing the <HI>Ru&s;s,</HI> who were the Enemies of <HI>Germany,</HI> not only with all &s;orts of Merchandize imported by them to <HI>Narva,</HI> a Town of <HI>Ru&s;&s;ia,</HI> but al&s;o with Arms and Ammunition, which for the future, was, by a Law made in this Dyet, forbidden, which was afterwards repeal'd.</P>
<P>The Twenty eighth of <HI>March,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The <HI>French</HI> Emba&s;&s;adors come to the Dyet.</NOTE> the <HI>French</HI> Emba&s;&s;adors were introduced into the Dyet, and after they had in an Elegant Speech declared the great Affections their Ma&s;ter had for the Emperor and the States of <HI>Germany;</HI> they de&s;ired the ancient League might be renewed between the Empire and that Kingdom; and that for the future there might be a firmer and clo&s;er Union and Friend&s;hip. Upon this the Emperor returned Thanks to the Emba&s;&s;adors, &s;aying, That the King might be a&s;&s;ured of the Friend&s;hip of the Empire, the Princes and States, and of his too, if his Actions did agree with his Words, and tho&s;e Cities which had lately been taken from the Empire, were re&s;tored to it: That this being done, he did not &s;ee what could hinder their entring into a &s;incere Friend&s;hip. At this the Emba&s;&s;adors replied, That they had no In&s;truction concerning what he had propo&s;ed about the Cities, but they would given an Account of it to the King their Ma&s;ter, and in the mean time they de&s;ired the States would meet the King's Propo&s;als of Friend&s;hip with equal Candour. Upon this the A&s;&s;embly broke up, and the Emba&s;&s;adors were re-conducted back with great Civility and Re&s;pect; to whom it was hinted, that the Emperor could not but mention the Re&s;titution of the Cities, but then that neither he, the Princes, nor the States would break with the King of <HI>France,</HI> though tho&s;e Cities were not re&s;tored. They decreed al&s;o a Noble Emba&s;&s;y to the King of <HI>France,</HI> in which the Cardinal of <HI>Au&s;burg</HI> and <HI>Chri&s;topher</HI> Duke of <HI>Wirtemburg</HI> were employed.</P>
<P>One <HI>David George,</HI> a Native of <HI>Delft</HI> in <HI>Holland,</HI> born of mean Parents, his Fa|ther being a Fencer, and his Mother a mean Woman, and him&s;elf unacquainted with
<PB N="29" REF="15">any other than his Mother-Tongue; was a Per&s;on of great &s;eeming Moderation, &s;o that all took him for a very Hone&s;t and well-meaning Man, tho' he was of a &s;tubborn and incorrigable di&s;po&s;ition.
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Life and Death of <HI>Da|vid George,</HI> a famous Im|po&s;tor.</NOTE> He was a Per&s;on of a comely Countenance-and good meine, and all the Motions of his Body were Grave and becoming, &s;o that he &s;eem|ed made up of Hone&s;ty. This Man &s;pread among&s;t his Country-men the Pe&s;tilent Sect of Anabapti&s;ts, to which they were very much di&s;po&s;ed, and this being done to his great advantage (for he had got a good E&s;tate by it) and fearing he might not be &s;afe, if he continued any longer in his Native Country, where he was ac|counted the Head of that Sect, he went with &s;ome of his Followers to <HI>Ba&s;il,</HI> in the Year 1544, under the Name of <HI>John Bruck,</HI> and the fir&s;t of <HI>April</HI> made a Speech in the Senate of that City; de&s;iring, He might be protected by them, as one forced to flee for his Religion; and that they would receive his Wife, Children, Family and Fortunes, as in a &s;afe Harbour. The Cau&s;e, the Per&s;on, and the Speech, agree|ed &s;o exactly, and his Temper was &s;o wholely unknown to them, as well as his former Life, and his Country being very remote, what he &s;aid appeared &s;o like Truth, and had happened to &s;o many others, That <HI>Augu&s;t</HI> 25, having given the u&s;ual Oath, he was taken into the Protection of that City; where he lived with the Re&s;pect to the Magi&s;trate, that Humanity towards the Citizens, and that Civility towards all, ob&s;erving carefully their Religious Rites, and in all things behaved him&s;elf &s;o well, that he gave not the lea&s;t occa&s;ion to any to &s;u&s;pect him of any erroneous Doctrin, and he was as well thought of by the mo&s;t, as he De&s;ired to be, or was e&s;teemed by his own Party. Thus he lived very quietly in his Family, ob&s;erving very &s;trictly three things: 1. Concealing the Name of <HI>David George,</HI> by which he was well known in <HI>Holland</HI> and <HI>Frie&s;land.</HI> 2. Of what State and Condition he was at Home; &s;o that &s;ome took him for a Per&s;on of good Birth, others for a Nobleman or Rich Merchant. 3. La&s;tly, he took Care not to admit any into his Sect of the City of <HI>Ba&s;il,</HI> or of the neighbouring Country: But, in the mean time, he took care by Letters, Books and Me&s;&s;engers, to enlarge his Sect in <HI>Holland,</HI> and in other &s;uch di&s;tant Places: But as to <HI>Switzerland</HI> he medled not, for fear he might be di&s;covered. Having thus &s;pent &s;ix Years, with great Plea&s;ure, there happened a thing which gave him &s;ome Di&s;turbance, one of his Followers falling off, upon better Informati|on, and appearing with great Zeal again&s;t the Doctrins of his <HI>quondam</HI> Ma&s;ter: His Hou&s;e being al&s;o burnt with Lightning, was a &s;ad Pre&s;age, That his good Fortune and his Life were near their End. But that which mo&s;t afflicted him, was, That an able Per&s;on was come from <HI>Holland,</HI> who had given an exact account of him and his Family, to the Citizens of <HI>Ba&s;il;</HI> this brought a great De&s;pondence of Mind upon him, and that a Sickne&s;s, which &s;eized his Wife al&s;o, who dyed fir&s;t, and <HI>David George</HI> followed her him&s;elf <HI>Augu&s;t</HI> 25, 1556; and he was buried with great Pomp, in the Church of S. <HI>Leonard.</HI> Thus died that famous Impo&s;tor and Deceiver, who had pretended, That he was greater, and more Divine than Chri&s;t, and Im|mortal; that the Doctrin of <HI>Mo&s;es</HI> and the Prophets, Chri&s;t and the Apo&s;tles, was imperfect, and did not lead to a true and perfect Felicity; but his was &s;uch as would certainly make him, who rightly under&s;tood it, happy: That he was the true <HI>Chri&s;t</HI> and <HI>Me&s;&s;iah,</HI> the mo&s;t beloved Son of the Father, who was begotten not of Fle&s;h but by the Holy Gho&s;t, and the Spirit of Chri&s;t; which having reduced his Fle&s;h to nothing, and kept it in a certain place, unknown to the Saints, had at la&s;t deli|vered it to <HI>David George;</HI> with much more &s;uch Bla&s;phemous Non&s;en&s;e. After his Death, the Frand broke out, and this Year <HI>March</HI> 12, his Sons, and all that belong|ed to him, to the number of eleven, were brought before the Senate, and examined concerning his Name, Country and Doctrin: And they an&s;wering as he had taught, were committed to different Pri&s;ons, and all his Papers and Writings were deli|vered to the Divines. <HI>April</HI> 26, the Divines and Univer&s;ity having con&s;idered them, condemn'd his Doctrin as fal&s;e, contrary to the &s;acred Scriptures, pernicious and injurious to Je&s;us Chri&s;t, and to be exterminated out of the Chri&s;tian World. After this, his Sons were di&s;mi&s;s'd out of Pri&s;on, upon condition they &s;hould buy no Lands without the Walls of the City, without the Permi&s;&s;ion of the Senate: That they &s;hould entertain no Travellers, though of their near Relations, but &s;hould &s;end them to the publick Inns: That they &s;hould deliver in all the Books written or printed by <HI>David George,</HI> and not keep any by them in the <HI>Dutch</HI> Tongue; and that they &s;hould &s;end their Children to the School of <HI>Ba&s;il</HI> to be in&s;tructed: That they &s;hould pay a Pecuniary Mulct, if required; and that they, their Wives and Children &s;hould appear in the Church, and make Profe&s;&s;ion of the True Faith, and Renounce that of <HI>David George.</HI> Two days after, his Body was &s;entenc'd to be
<PB N="30" REF="16" MS="y">taken up and burnt, together with his Books and Effigies, by the Hands of the Com|mon Hang-man, in the place where they u&s;ally executed Malefactors; and all his Goods they &s;eiz'd to the Publick Trea&s;ure; adding, That if any Per&s;on pre&s;um'd to blame this their Decree, he &s;hould be liable to the &s;ame Puni&s;hment. His Body was found very perfect, &s;o that it might be known by his yellow Beard from ano|ther Man's, though he had been buried two Years and &s;ix Months, and was accordingly burnt in a va&s;t concour&s;e of Men.</P>
<P>In the beginning of <HI>February</HI> the Amba&s;&s;adours met again,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Treaty of <HI>Cambray</HI> produces a Peace at la&s;t.</NOTE> at the Ca&s;tle of <HI>Cambray,</HI> to conclude the Treaty, which was broke up upon the Death of <HI>Mary,</HI> Queen of <HI>England.</HI> Queen <HI>Elizabeth,</HI> who &s;ucceeded her Si&s;ter <HI>Mary,</HI> a Princes of a Ma&s;ou|line Soul, and of a Prudence above her Sex, fearing if &s;he relied upon the <HI>Spaniard,</HI> &s;he might either be de&s;erted or di&s;honoured by his Protection, had in the mean time, made a &s;eparate Peace with <HI>France.</HI> After which &s;he changed the Religion of <HI>Eng|land,</HI> in her fir&s;t Parliament, aboli&s;hing all the Laws made by her Si&s;ter <HI>Mary,</HI> and reviving tho&s;e made by her Brother, <HI>Edward</HI> VI, and rejecting all Obedience to the Pope of <HI>Rome.</HI> This Peace with <HI>France</HI> did much facilitate the Treaty of <HI>Cam|bray:</HI> In which, among other things the&s;e Princes promi&s;ed to do their utmo&s;t, that a General Council &s;hould be held as &s;oon as was po&s;&s;ible, to the Glory of God and the pacifying Men's Con&s;ciences. This la&s;t Clau&s;e, by the perver&s;e Coun&s;els of the&s;e Princes, in a &s;hort time rai&s;ed a War in the <HI>Low-Countries</HI> and <HI>France,</HI> which was more la&s;ting and more fatal than any former Wars. This Treaty was &s;igned at <HI>Cambray, April</HI> 3.</P>
<P>The&s;e two Kings having thus regained their Peace,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Peace occa&s;ions a Per&s;ecution in <HI>France.</HI></NOTE> and disburthened them&s;elves of the Cares which the War brought upon them, they betook them&s;elves &s;olely to the Care of Religion, which in <HI>France</HI> had been under con&s;ideration the two forego|ing Years, and was then omitted on account of the War and Treaty, but was now rea&s;&s;umed in the heat of a Marriage-Fea&s;t. There was one <HI>Diana</HI> Dutche&s;s of <HI>Valen|tinois,</HI> a Court-Lady, and one of the King's Mi&s;tre&s;&s;es, who u&s;ed to beg the E&s;tates of all &s;uch as &s;uffered for any Crime; And the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e,</HI> who were the Promo|ters of this Per&s;ecution, the latter aiming at nothing but Popular Applau&s;e: The&s;e two in&s;inuated this Belief into the King; That <HI>the Venome of Here&s;ie was much &s;pread in</HI> France, <HI>and that in truth he was not King of tho&s;e Provinces in which that prevailed: That the Impudence of tho&s;e who imbraced it, was &s;o great, that they did not whi&s;per it, as heretofore, in the Ear, but preached it openly and boldly throughout the Kingdom, by which the name of God was bla&s;phemed, and his Maje&s;ties Royal Authority was endangered; for when the Law of God was once confounded, who can Que&s;tion,</HI> (&s;ay they) <HI>but that all Human Laws will &s;oon be &s;ubverted?</HI> And that they might the more ea&s;ily prevail, they employed <HI>Giles Mai&s;tre,</HI> pre&s;ident of the Parliament, <HI>Jean de S. Andre, Antho|ny Minart,</HI> and <HI>Giles Bourdin</HI> the King's Attorney, and principally the fir&s;t of the&s;e, who was a Man of a fierce Di&s;po&s;ition and Temper, to incen&s;e the King's Mind again&s;t the Sectaries, he being no way inclined to &s;uch Severities. To this end they tell him, <HI>That there would little be gained by the Peace, if a more cruel War was fomented and carried on at Home: For that the Di&s;ea&s;e had already got &s;uch Strength, that if his Maje&s;ty di&s;&s;embled a little longer, the Sword of the Magi&s;trate and the Laws of the Land would not be able to &s;uppre&s;s it, but he mu&s;t levy Armies, and him&s;elf take the Field again&s;t them, as had been done in the ca&s;e of the</HI> Albingen&s;es. <HI>That what had hitherto been done, had not had its de&s;ired effect, becau&s;e all the &s;everity had been &s;pent upon the populace and the mean people, the hatred and dete&s;tation of which had affected all Men, but very few had taken example by it. That now it was fit to begin with the Judges, many of which had im|braced their Doctrin &s;ecretly, or favoured them on other accounts, and by their connivance nouri&s;hed the Di&s;temper, &s;uffering this Offence either to go unpuni&s;hed, or very lightly cor|rected. This, they &s;aid, was the very Root of the Evil, and that all labour was in vain till it were pulled up.</HI></P>
<P>Not long after this, the King was prevailed
<NOTE N="*" PLACE="marg">The King goes to the Parliament of <HI>Paris</HI> to aw it into a Compliance.</NOTE> upon to come into the Parliament in Per&s;on, whil&s;t the Members were debating about the Puni&s;hment of the Sectaries, <HI>June</HI> 14. He-&s;eemed rather to labour to conceal his Anger, than to have come with a calm Mind: Among other things he told the Parliament; That <HI>having made a Peace he hoped it would turn to the general Good; but he was much concerned that the bu&s;ine&s;s of Re|ligion, which was one of the principal Cares of a good Prince, had been, during the War, tumultuou&s;ly and &s;editiou&s;ly treated by &s;ome: That therefore he de&s;ired for the future, more care might be taken of the Chri&s;tian Religion: And becau&s;e he heard that affair was this Day to be debated by them, he was come thither; and he admoni&s;hed them to proceed in it with Freedom, &s;aying, It was God's Cau&s;e, who knew all our Hearts and Thoughts.</HI></P>
<PB N="31" REF="16" MS="y">
<P>Tho' the Members of the Parliament knew the King was brought thither to de|prive them of their Liberty;
<NOTE PLACE="marg">Yet &s;ome re|tained their Freedom at the Price of their Lives.</NOTE> yet there were &s;ome who re&s;olved to retain their ancient Freedom at the price of their Lives; and having declaimed again&s;t the Man|ners of the Court of <HI>Rome</HI> and its ill Cu&s;tomes, which had degenerated into mo&s;t pernicious Errors, and given occa&s;ion to the ri&s;e of many Sects; they thence infer|red, That the Penalties of Here&s;ie were to be mitigated, and the Severities of the Law abated, till the differences of Religion were compo&s;ed by the Authority of a General Council, and the Di&s;cipline of the Church reformed. And this was the Opinion of all the good Men in the Parliament. <HI>Arnold du Ferrier,</HI> Pre&s;ident of the Criminal Court, an hone&s;t and a wi&s;e Per&s;on, and the be&s;t Lawyer in <HI>France,</HI> was the fir&s;t who propo&s;ed this Method, and was followed by many others, among which was <HI>Lewis du Faur,</HI> a Man of great Sen&s;e, and of a generous Temper, who added, <HI>That all were agreed that the Differences in Religion had occa&s;ioned great Di&s;turban|ces, but then</HI> (&s;aid he) <HI>we ought carefully to enquire, Who cau&s;ed the&s;e Di&s;orders, le&s;t as</HI> Elijah <HI>an&s;wered</HI> Ahab, <HI>when he reproached him, as the Troubler of</HI> I&s;rael, <HI>it might be &s;aid to us;</HI> It is thou that ha&s;t troubled I&s;rael. Then <HI>Anna du Bourg</HI> beginning with a Di&s;cour&s;e of the Eternal Providence of God, to which all things are &s;ubject; when he came to the Que&s;tion propo&s;ed, &s;aid, There were many Sins and Crimes com|mitted by Men, which the Laws had already forbidden, and yet the Gallows and Tortures which were imployed, had not been able to prevent the frequent Perju|ries, Adulteries, profu&s;e Lu&s;ts, and Profane Oaths, which were not only connived at, but cheri&s;hed. On the contrary, every Day new puni&s;hments are invented again&s;t a &s;ort of Men, who could never yet be convicted of any wicked Attempt; for how can they injure the Prince, who never name him but in their Prayers for him? Are they accu&s;ed of breaking our Laws, perverting the Allegiance of our Cities or Pro|vinces? No, the greate&s;t Tortures could never extort a Confe&s;&s;ion that they &s;o much as thought of any &s;uch thing. Are they not accu&s;ed of Sedition only, be|cau&s;e they have by the Candle of Scripture di&s;covered the &s;hameful and encrea&s;ing Villanies and corruptions of the Roman Power, which they defire may be reformed? <HI>Chri&s;topher Harlay</HI> and <HI>Peter Seguier</HI> the two Pre&s;idents &s;aid with great Mode&s;ty, that the Court had hitherto ju&s;tly and rightly di&s;charged its Duty in this Particular, and that it would &s;till do the &s;ame without changing, to the Glory of God, and there|fore neither the King nor People of <HI>France</HI> would have cau&s;e to repent the tru&s;ting to it. <HI>Chri&s;topher de Thou,</HI> with great freedom reflected on the King's Attorney and Advocates, for pre&s;uming to defame the Proceedings of that Court, and indanger|ing its Authority. <HI>Renatus Baillet</HI> de&s;ired the Judgments which were blamed, might be re-examined, and more maturely con&s;idered. <HI>Minart</HI> having made a &s;hort Pre|face, to &s;often the Envy which had been rai&s;ed again&s;t them, only added, That he thought the King's Edicts were to be ob&s;erved. After the&s;e <HI>Mai&s;tre</HI> the Pre&s;ident made a &s;harp Harangue again&s;t the Sectaries, in&s;tancing in the Severities which <HI>Philip</HI> the Augu&s;t is &s;aid to have employed again&s;t the <HI>Albingen&s;es,</HI> 600 of which he burnt in one day; and in the <HI>Walden&s;es,</HI> which were ma&s;&s;acred with Fire and Smoak, partly in their Hou&s;es, and partly in the Dens and Caves they had fled to.</P>
<P>The King having obliquely reproached the Court for entring upon this Debate,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The King's An&s;wer.</NOTE> without his Order, added, <HI>He now clearly &s;aw, what he had heard before, That there were &s;ome among them, who de&s;pi&s;ed both his Authority and the Popes. That this was the fault of but a few, but it was di&s;honourable to the whole body of them; but only they that were guil|ty &s;hould &s;uffer the Puni&s;hment. And therefore he exhorted the rest to go on in their Duty.</HI> The Reflections of <HI>la Faur</HI> and <HI>du Bourg,</HI> who mentioned the Story of <HI>Ahab,</HI> and the frequent Adulteries, exa&s;perated the King more than the re&s;t, and therefore he commanded <HI>Montmorancy</HI> to apprehend them, who again ordered <HI>Gabriel de Mont|gomery,</HI> a Captain of the Guard, to take them and carry them to the <HI>Ba&s;tile.</HI> After|wards <HI>Paul de Foix, Anthony Fumee, Eu&s;tace de la Porte,</HI> were al&s;o taken into Cu&s;tody, but la <HI>Ferriere, du Val</HI> and <HI>Viole</HI> were concealed by their Friends, and e&s;caped this Storm. Men cen&s;ured the&s;e Proceedings, as they &s;tood affected; but the Wi&s;er were much di&s;gu&s;ted, That the King &s;hould be &s;o far impo&s;ed on by others, as to come per&s;onally into his Court to &s;ubvert tho&s;e Laws he ought to have protected: That he &s;hould make u&s;e of Threats and Impri&s;onments; &s;aying, That this was a clear In&s;tance that he was &s;ubject to the Pa&s;&s;ions of others, and who could think but the&s;e things were the forerunners of great Changes?
<NOTE PLACE="marg">A <HI>French</HI> Sy|nod held by the Prote|&s;tant Mini|&s;ters.</NOTE></P>
<P>The Mini&s;ters of the <HI>Reformed Religion,</HI> notwith&s;tanding, held a Synod at S. <HI>Ger|man, June</HI> 28, one <HI>Morelle</HI> being Pre&s;ident, in which they &s;etled the order of their Synods, the Authority of the Pre&s;idents, the taking away the Supremacy in the
<PB N="32" REF="17">Church, the election of Mini&s;ters, and their Office and Duty, Deacons and Presby|ters, Cen&s;ures, the Degrees of Con&s;anguinity and Affinity, of contracting and di&s;|&s;olving Marriages, which yet were only temporary Decrees, to be varied as future Synods &s;hould think fit; but to oblige particular Per&s;ons till &s;o altered.</P>
<P>About the &s;ame time came Emba&s;&s;adours from the Prote&s;tant Princes of <HI>Germany,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Prote|&s;tant Princes of <HI>Germany</HI> write to the King of <HI>France.</HI></NOTE> with Letters to the King, &s;ub&s;cribed by <HI>Frederick</HI> Cout Palatine of the <HI>Rhine, Au|gu&s;tus</HI> Duke of <HI>Saxony, Joachim</HI> Elector of <HI>Brandenburg, Chri&s;topher</HI> Duke of <HI>Wirtim|berg,</HI> and <HI>Wolfang</HI> Count of <HI>Weldentz.</HI> In which they repre&s;ent to the King, <Q>How much they were afflicted to &s;ee &s;o many Pious, Quiet and Holy Men, who pro|fe&s;&s;ed the &s;ame Religion, Impri&s;oned, Spoiled, Bani&s;hed, and put to Death, as Seditious Per&s;ons in <HI>France.</HI> That they thought them&s;elves bound by Chri&s;tian Charity, and the Alliance which was between them and <HI>France,</HI> to be&s;eech him well to con&s;ider this Affair, which concerned the Name of God, and the Sal|vation of &s;o many Souls; that he ought to free him&s;elf from Prejudice, and im|ploy great Judgment and Rea&s;on in it. They a&s;&s;ured him they were no le&s;s &s;o|licitous for the Glory of God, and the Salvation of their Subjects than he, and up|on the Differences of Religion, had maturely con&s;idered how they might be com|po&s;ed: That they had found by degrees, and in&s;en&s;ibly, through Avarice and Am|bition many Corruptions had crept into the Church, which were di&s;honourable to the Maje&s;ty of God, and Scandalous to Men, and that they ought to be reformed by the Te&s;timonies of the Holy Scriptures, the Decrees of the Primitive Church, and the Writings of the mo&s;t Ancient Fathers: That the Corruptions and Di&s;|orders of the Court and Church of <HI>Rome,</HI> had long &s;ince been complained of in <HI>France,</HI> by <HI>W. Pari&s;ien&s;is, John Ger&s;on, Nicholas Clemangius</HI> and <HI>Wi&s;ellius</HI> of <HI>Groenin|gen,</HI> the Re&s;torer of the Univer&s;ity of <HI>Paris,</HI> under <HI>Lewis</HI> XI, and other Divines: That King <HI>Francis,</HI> his Father, of Ble&s;&s;ed Memory, was convinced of this, and had wi&s;ely endeavoured to put an end to the Differences of Religion, and to re|form the Di&s;cipline of the Church: That now <HI>France</HI> was not involved in War abroad, they be&s;ought him the Difference of Religion might by his Authority and Conduct be quietly ended: That this might ea&s;ily be effected, if the King would but appoint Learned and Peaceable Men, who &s;hould examin their Confe&s;&s;ion of Faith, without Partiality or Prejudice, by the Holy Scripture, and the Ancient Fathers: That in the interim he &s;hould &s;u&s;pend all Legal Severities, di&s;charge the Impri&s;oned, recal the Bani&s;hed, re&s;tore their E&s;tates to tho&s;e that had been ruin'd: This they &s;aid would be acceptable and plea&s;ing to God, Honourable to the King, Profitable to <HI>France,</HI> and very Grateful to them.</Q> The King entertained the Em|ba&s;&s;adors kindly, and having read the Letter, &s;aid he would &s;uddenly &s;end them a &s;atisfactory An&s;wer; but by that time they were arrived at the Borders of <HI>France,</HI> the Fire, their coming &s;eem'd to have abated, raged more horribly than ever.</P>
<P><HI>June</HI> 19.
<NOTE PLACE="marg">A Commi&s;&s;ion i&s;&s;ued to try the &s;u&s;pected Members of Parliament. <HI>Du Bourg</HI> fir&s;t tried.</NOTE> a Commi&s;&s;ion was i&s;&s;ued to <HI>Jean de Saint Andre,</HI> the Pre&s;ident and Pro|moter of the&s;e Troubles, <HI>Jo. James de Memme,</HI> Ma&s;ter of the Reque&s;ts, <HI>Lewis Gayaut, Robert Boet, Eu&s;tace Bellay,</HI> lately a Member of the Court of Parliament, but then Bi&s;hop of <HI>Paris,</HI> and <HI>Anthony de Nouchy,</HI> to try the Members of Parliament, which had been impri&s;oned. <HI>Du Bourg</HI> being interrogated by <HI>Saint Andre,</HI> refu&s;ed to an|&s;wer, <HI>None of the Members of that Court being to be Tryed, but by the whole Court.</HI> Whereupon <HI>Bourdin</HI> obtained a new Commi&s;&s;ion from the King, commanding <HI>Du Bourg</HI> to plead before the&s;e Delegated Judges; and if he refu&s;ed, that they &s;hould take him for Convicted, and Guilty of Trea&s;on. He being thus deprived of his Priviledge, le&s;t he might &s;eem to de&s;pi&s;e the King's Authority, and mak|ing a Prote&s;tation to &s;ave the Priviledge of others, the third Day after an&s;wered in &s;uch manner, to all the Que&s;tions propo&s;ed, that he &s;eemed to differ very little from the <HI>Lutherans</HI> and <HI>Calvini&s;ts;</HI> &s;o without any other Witne&s;&s;es produced, he was by the Bi&s;hop of <HI>Paris</HI> declared an Heretick, judged unworthy of the Sacerdo|tal Character, and delivered up to the Secular Power: From which Sentence he Ap|pealed to the Archbi&s;hop of <HI>Sens.</HI></P>
<P>Whil&s;t the&s;e mi&s;erable Men were thus per&s;ecuted for their Religion;
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The &s;ad Con|dition of <HI>France</HI> during the Per&s;ecu|tion.</NOTE> and their Favourers, Friends, and &s;uch as had pre&s;umed to &s;peak freely, were by Informers al&s;o brought in Que&s;tion; there was a &s;ad Face of Affairs in <HI>France,</HI> and a &s;ullen &s;ilence. The Court, in the interim was never more Jolly, the Preparations for a great Marriage filling it with Mirth and Bravery, which in a &s;hort time too, had as lamentable a Conclu&s;ion. Among other things there was a Tilt prepared, and a Yard made for that purpo&s;e, not far from the <HI>Ba&s;tile,</HI> in which the Members of the Parliament were then impri&s;oned. Some Days being &s;pent in this Diverti&s;ement,
<PB N="33" REF="17"><HI>June</HI> 29. the King would needs run again&s;t the Count of <HI>Mongomery,</HI> and they breaking their Lances, the Sight of the King's Helmet by accident flying up,
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Henry</HI> II, of <HI>France</HI> &s;lain.</NOTE> he received a Wound in the Eye, and falling from his Hor&s;e was latched by &s;ome of his Servants, and carried into a Tower belonging to the <HI>Ba&s;tile. It is &s;aid, whil&s;t they carried him thither, he looked up, and remembring the Members of Parliament which he had committed there, &s;aid; He feared he had done wrong to tho&s;e Innocent Men. The Cardinal of</HI> Lorrain, who was pre&s;ent, angry at it, reply'd; <HI>That Thought was put into his Mind by the Devil, the Enemy of Mankind: That he ought to be careful of his Motions, and continue constant in his Faith.</HI> Whether this were &s;o or no, I will not affirm, (&s;aith <HI>Thuanus,</HI> my Author) becau&s;e I am re&s;olved to write nothing with|out good Authority: The Phy&s;icians &s;aying too, That in the&s;e kinds of Wounds the Speech is lo&s;t. At the Report of this Accident <HI>Andrew Ve&s;ale,</HI> a Famous Phy&s;i|cian was pre&s;ently &s;ent from <HI>Bru&s;&s;els</HI> by King <HI>Philip,</HI> that he might however &s;hew his Good-will to this Prince: But he came too late, the King dying <HI>July</HI> 2. when he had lived forty Years, three Months and eleven Days, and reigned twelve Years and three Months. The Marriage between <HI>Margaret</HI> his Si&s;ter and <HI>Philbert</HI> Duke of <HI>Savoy,</HI> was hereupon ha&s;ted, that it might be fini&s;hed before his Death, and Ce|lebrated it was without any Pomp or Magnificence.</P>
<P>There was great variety of Opinions, &s;ome extolling his Life beyond Rea&s;on,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The various Characters of <HI>Henry</HI> II, of <HI>France.</HI></NOTE> as Martial and Brave, and his Conque&s;ts, by which he had enlarged his Kingdom, add|ing to it a great part of <HI>Italy, Scotland</HI> and <HI>Cor&s;ica:</HI> That having obtained a Victory again&s;t <HI>Charles</HI> V, at <HI>Renty,</HI> he had reduced that Great Prince to the Thoughts of a Retreat to a Private Life. That out of his rare Re&s;pect to the Church of <HI>Rome, (not regarding his Oath)</HI> he had renewed the War and &s;uccoured <HI>Paul</HI> IV. That recalling his Army out of <HI>Italy,</HI> he had been able to defend <HI>France</HI> again&s;t the united Forces of King <HI>Philip,</HI> and <HI>Mary</HI> of <HI>England,</HI> and at la&s;t had ended the War, at lea&s;t by an u&s;eful Treaty; and by the Marriages of his Daughter and Si&s;ter, had &s;ecured the Publick Peace. Others &s;aid he had violated the Glory of his Ju&s;t Arms by breaking the Truce, and involved him&s;elf (by the Fault of others) in an unju&s;t and unpro&s;perous War, &s;pent va&s;t Trea&s;ures, and lo&s;t the Flower of his Kingdom: That the Peace was De&s;irable, but very Di&s;honourable; and the Marriage only a Covering for the infamy of the Conce&s;&s;ions: And that as he delighted too much in War, &s;o he peri&s;hed di&s;honourably like a common Soldier: His <HI>Mi&s;&s;es,</HI> who reign|ed rather than he, his Prodigality and Luxury were not forgotten: And the abun|dance of <HI>Poets</HI> then in <HI>France,</HI> was taken for an In&s;tance of the Corruptions of the Times.</P>
<P>To &s;peak freely without Love or Hatred, he was a Warlike Prince, and too lit|tle affected to the Arts of Peace; but then he was &s;oft and ea&s;ie, and governed too much by others. Wi&s;e Men then thought there would follow a War, his Children being very yong, his Wife Ambitious, and the Court divided by Faction: And this accordingly came to pa&s;s, and brought forty Years of great Calamity upon <HI>France.</HI> But I &s;hall for the future be very &s;hort in the French Affairs, referring the Reader to <HI>Davila,</HI> and other Writers, of the Civil Wars of <HI>France.</HI> The Reader may be plea&s;ed to know, That I have in all this followed <HI>Thuanus,</HI> abridging him in &s;ome Places, and in others tran&s;cribing him at large.</P>
<P>The King being crowned,
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Francis</HI> II, a Lad of &s;ix|teen Years of Age, &s;uc|ceeds him. And the Per|&s;ecution goes on.</NOTE> and the Dominion of the Queen Dowager as Guardi|an, and of the <HI>Gui&s;es,</HI> as Prime Mini&s;ters, e&s;tabli&s;hed to the great Di&s;&s;atisfaction of the Princes and Nobility of <HI>France,</HI> the next Care was to carry on the Per&s;ecution again&s;t the Prote&s;tants: <HI>Oliver</HI> the Chancellor was imployed again&s;t the Members of the Parliament, which were impri&s;oned at the time of the King's Death, and <HI>S. Andre,</HI> and <HI>Anthony de Mouchy</HI> again&s;t the re&s;t of the People; who, that they might &s;pread the terror of their Names over the whole Nation, thought fit to be|gin with <HI>Paris.</HI> Their principal Blood-hounds were <HI>Ru&s;&s;anges,</HI> and <HI>Claude David,</HI> two Mechanicks, and one <HI>George Renard,</HI> a Taylor, who had all three profe&s;&s;ed the Reformed Religion; and were now imployed, as be&s;t acquainted with the&s;e Men. They drew in two Apprentices &s;hortly after, who had de&s;erted their Ma|&s;ters: And the&s;e, to gain the greater Applau&s;e,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">Slaunders again&s;t the Prote&s;tants.</NOTE> confe&s;&s;ed not only that they had Nocturnal Meeting, but (which &s;aith <HI>Thuanus,</HI> was a notorious Lie) that they at them u&s;ed promi&s;cuous Conjunctions after the Candles were put out. And this Impudent Story created a great Dete&s;tation of the Prote&s;tants, in the Minds of the deluded Catholicks, who&s;e Ears were open to the&s;e kinds of Mi&s;repre&s;entations. This lye was carried on with great Indu&s;try, and the&s;e two Wretches were led fir&s;t to the Cardinal of <HI>Lorrain,</HI> and then to the Queen, to communicate this rare Secret,
<PB N="34" REF="18" MS="y">no Man daring to contradict it. The Queen, who was never a Friend to the Pro|te&s;tants, from henceforth was more than ever enraged again&s;t them: But <HI>Oliver,</HI> the Chancellor, &s;u&s;pecting the Story, examined the&s;e Lads &s;eparately, and by their Varying and Contradicting each other, found it to be a mere Lye. But when it was di&s;covered &s;o to be, they went unpuni&s;hed, the Hatred again&s;t the Sectaries drowning the Voice of Publick Ju&s;tice.</P>
<P>However, the Places of Meeting being thus di&s;covered, great Numbers of Men and Women were taken and impri&s;oned, and others left the Kingdom, who&s;e Goods were &s;eized and confi&s;cated. Many Children were left by their Parents, which filled the Streets with their Cries and Lamentations, to the great Affliction of almo&s;t all Men. This Example was &s;oon after followed at <HI>Poictiers, Tolo&s;e, Aix,</HI> and generally in the Province of <HI>Narbonne, George d' Armagnac,</HI> the Archbi&s;hop of that See, a Cardinal, imploying all his Intere&s;t and Indu&s;try, that the &s;u&s;pected might be taken up. They were by this time become &s;o numerous, that their very Number gave them Boldne&s;s, which being thus exa&s;perated, vented it &s;elf in &s;e|vere Reflections on the King, Queen and <HI>Gui&s;es;</HI> in which there &s;eemed to be more than a private Anger and Liberty.</P>
<P>The King of <HI>France</HI> had been a long time afflicted with a tedious Quartane Ague,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">Other Slan|ders &s;pread again&s;t the poor per&s;e|cuted Prote|&s;tants.</NOTE> but overgrowing that Di&s;ea&s;e, he &s;hot up in heighth, and grew apace, but was ve|ry Pale, and of a &s;ickly Con&s;titution; being removed to <HI>Blois,</HI> which was his Na|tive Air, his Face of a &s;udden was over&s;pread with Redne&s;s, Spots and Carbuncles, whereupon a Report was rai&s;ed, That he had the Lepro&s;ie, and that a great number of Children, of le&s;s than &s;ix Years of Age, had been torn out of the Arms of their Mothers about the <HI>Loire,</HI> to make a Bath of their Blood for the Cure of the King. It was uncertain whether the <HI>Gui&s;es</HI> or their Enemies had invented this Sto|ry, for different Ends; but the Blame of it was certainly ca&s;t upon the Prote&s;tants, and the King by that means was exa&s;perated again&s;t them by the <HI>Gui&s;es.</HI> The Pro|te&s;tants, on the other &s;ide, put out a Book, to &s;hew that this Story was invented and fathered on them by the Cardinal of <HI>Lorrain.</HI> And after this one of the Spreaders of this Report being executed for it, averred with his la&s;t Breath, That he had Orders from the Cardinal &s;o to do.</P>
<P>In the mean time the Proce&s;s was carried warmly on,
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Du Bourg</HI> con|demned to Death.</NOTE> again&s;t <HI>Anna du Bourg,</HI> and the re&s;t of the Members of the Parliament, who were Pri&s;oners in the <HI>Bastile;</HI> who were &s;ent thither by the Orders of <HI>Henry</HI> II. <HI>Du Bourg</HI> had appealed fir&s;t to the Parliament of <HI>Paris,</HI> and after to the Archbi&s;hop of <HI>Sens;</HI> but his Plea was over|ruled by both, and the Sentence of the Bi&s;hop of <HI>Paris</HI> was al&s;o confirmed by the Archbi&s;hop of <HI>Lions.</HI> He declared him&s;elf willing, after this to be degraded, <HI>That the Sign of the Bea&s;t in the</HI> Revelation <HI>being blotted out, he might have nothing of Antichri&s;t left in him:</HI> However, this variety of Appeals prolonged their Proce&s;s &s;ome Months. After this he &s;ent them a plain Confe&s;&s;ion of his Faith, which agreed in all things with that of <HI>Geneva. Frederick</HI> Elector, and Count Palatine of the <HI>Rhine,</HI> al&s;o &s;o far e&s;pou&s;ed his Cau&s;e, as to write a Letter to the King in his behalf; de&s;iring his Life might be &s;pared, and that he might be &s;ent to him. <HI>December</HI> 18. <HI>Anthony Minart</HI> the Pre&s;ident was &s;hot dead,
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Minars</HI> a Per|&s;ecutor &s;lain.</NOTE> in the Night, as he returned Home, which was charged upon <HI>du Bourg,</HI> as done by his Procurement; becau&s;e he had foretold, That he would be forced from giving Sentence again&s;t him, if he did not willingly forbear it, upon his challenging him as his &s;u&s;pected Enemy. However, it ha&s;tened the Sentence of Death again&s;t <HI>du Bourg,</HI> who heard it with great con&s;tan|cy of Mind, he &s;aying, <HI>He pardoned his Judges, who had pronounced it according to their Con&s;ciences, tho' contrary to the Word of God, and &s;ound Knowledge. At la&s;t he advi&s;ed them to extingui&s;h the&s;e their Fires and repent of their Sins,
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Du Bourg</HI> led to Execution.</NOTE> and taking his Leave of them &s;aid, He went willingly to the Stake.</HI> From thence he was carried in a Cart to the Place of Execution, and having &s;poken a few Words to the People, was fir&s;t hanged and afterwards burnt. He only &s;aid, <HI>My God for&s;ake me not, that I may not for&s;ake thee.</HI> He was 38 Years old, and was born at <HI>Riom</HI> in <HI>Auvergne,</HI> of a Rich and Noble Family, <HI>Anthony du Bourg,</HI> a Branch of which had been Chancellor of <HI>France</HI> under <HI>Francis</HI> I.
<NOTE PLACE="marg">His Chara|cter.</NOTE> He took his Degrees at <HI>Orleance;</HI> and was e&s;teemed a good Lawyer, and an upright Judge, and many of the mo&s;t zealous Catholicks interceed|ed for him, during his Impri&s;onment, and his Death was deplored by many very heartily.
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The re&s;t of the Members of Parliament were re&s;to|red.</NOTE> His Con&s;tancy partly confirmed and partly exa&s;perated the Minds of the Prote&s;tants; <HI>&s;o that from his A&s;hes there &s;prung up a Crop of Rebellions and Con&s;piracies, which for a long time kept this once mo&s;t flouri&s;hing Kingdom in a low condition.</HI> The re&s;t of the Members were re&s;tored, by the Court at la&s;t; <HI>de Thou,</HI> one of the Members
<PB N="35" REF="18" MS="y">of that Court oppo&s;ing, and at length ma&s;tering the more bloody <HI>Gui&s;ians.</HI> The meaner People, who being then in Pri&s;on, were di&s;patched with le&s;s Difficulty, &s;ome being condemned to Death, others to Renuntiation, and others to Bani&s;hment.
<NOTE PLACE="marg">Images erect|ed in the Streets to be Wor&s;hiped.</NOTE></P>
<P>About the &s;ame time there was another Project &s;et on foot in <HI>France,</HI> they erected Images of the Saints and Virgin <HI>Mary</HI> in the Streets and Market Places, and burnt Candles before them in the day-time, &s;inging Songs to their Honour, and &s;eting Che&s;ts, and if any pa&s;&s;ed by without giving Money and wor&s;hiping the Images, he was pre&s;ently &s;et upon by the Rabble as an Heretick, and he e&s;caped well if he was only beaten and trodden into the Channel, and lo&s;t not his Life: Which only &s;erved to irritate and unite the Prote&s;tants the more.</P>
<P>King <HI>Philip</HI> having made a Peace with <HI>France,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">King <HI>Philip</HI> prepares for <HI>Spain.</HI></NOTE> re&s;olved this Year to return into <HI>Spain;</HI> in order to this he came to <HI>Gaunt,</HI> and there &s;ummoned a Chapter of the Knights of the <HI>Golden Fleece;</HI> from thence he went to <HI>Zealand,</HI> committing the Go|vernment of the <HI>Netherlands</HI> to <HI>Margaret</HI> Dutche&s;s of <HI>Parma,</HI> the Wife of <HI>Octavio,</HI> his Si&s;ter, with a guard of 3500 <HI>Spaniards,</HI> which were all di&s;tributed on the Borders of <HI>France,</HI> in the Fronteer Towns. After the Peace he had principally imployed <HI>Granvel</HI> Bi&s;hop of <HI>Arras,</HI> who had advi&s;ed him to leave this Guard, for fear of the <HI>Lutherans,</HI> which were very numerous in the&s;e Provinces, by rea&s;on of their Neigh|bourhood to <HI>Germany.</HI> The principal Care of the&s;e Countries was committed to <HI>William</HI> Prince of <HI>Orange,</HI> and the Count of <HI>Egmont,</HI> who were Men of great Birth, and had particularly de&s;erved well of <HI>Philip,</HI> in his la&s;t War with <HI>France;</HI> the&s;e re|mon&s;trated again&s;t the leaving of the <HI>Spaniards,</HI> and freely &s;aid; <HI>They had not much mended their Condition, if when they had pre&s;erved their Country with their Swords, they mu&s;t now be expo&s;ed in Peace, to the &s;ervile Yoke of Foreign Forces and an In&s;olent Soldiery.</HI> King <HI>Philip</HI> was inwardly di&s;plea&s;ed with this Liberty, yet &s;uppre&s;&s;ed his Re&s;ent|ment; and that he might not &s;eem to go thence offended with the&s;e Great Men; he promi&s;ed to withdraw tho&s;e Forces within four Months. After this he took Shipping at <HI>Flu&s;hing, Augu&s;t</HI> 26. being attended by a Fleet of 90 Ships.
<NOTE PLACE="marg">He takes Ship at <HI>Flu&s;h|ing.</HI></NOTE> He met with &s;o great a Tempe&s;t on the Shoars of <HI>Gallicia,</HI> that the Ship in which he went, peri&s;hed, the King being hardly got out of her into a &s;mall Bark, that waited up|on him. <HI>Thuanus</HI> &s;aith, <HI>He a&s;cribed his Delivery to Heaven, and &s;aid, He was pre|&s;erved by the &s;ingular Providence of God to extirpate</HI> Lutherani&s;m: And <HI>Meteren,</HI> That this Tempe&s;t was an Omen of the great Calamities that attended him and his States, a great part of the Fleet being Shipwrecked.</P>
<P>He &s;oon fell to the Work he believed God had call'd him,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">He rai&s;eth a great Per&s;e|cution in <HI>Spain.</HI></NOTE> and began with the extirpation of <HI>Here&s;ie;</HI> &s;ome few had been put to Death before his arrival, here and there; but the greate&s;t part were kept, that he might have the joy of &s;eeing them burnt at <HI>Vallidolid</HI> and <HI>Seville. September</HI> 24. this pompous Shew was begun in the Per&s;on of <HI>John Ponce,</HI> a Son of the Count <HI>de Baylen,</HI> who was brought forth with great State, and burnt as an <HI>Ob&s;tinate Lutheran;</HI> and with him <HI>John Gon&s;alo,</HI> a Preach|er: After the&s;e <HI>I&s;abella Venia, Maria Viroe&s;ia, Cornelia</HI> and <HI>Bohorquia,</HI> which was a Spectacle of great Compa&s;&s;ion and Envy, the la&s;t of the&s;e being not above 21 Years old, yet &s;uffering with great Con&s;tancy. After the&s;e followed <HI>Ferdinad de St. Jean,</HI> and <HI>Julian Ferdinando, John de Leone</HI> and <HI>Frances Chave&s;ia</HI> a Nun, <HI>Chri&s;topher Lo&s;ada,</HI> a Phy&s;ician. and <HI>Chri&s;topher de Arles</HI> a Monk, and <HI>Gar&s;ia de Arras.</HI> This la&s;t was the Man, who had brought that Spark into <HI>Spain,</HI> and by his con&s;tant and learned Preaching, improved it &s;o far, that he had brought over to his Opinion the great|e&s;t Part of the Monks of S. <HI>I&s;iodore,</HI> and of the Inhabitants of <HI>Seville:</HI> yet afterwards he had de&s;erted his Companions, and di&s;puted again&s;t them too before the Inqui&s;i|tors; but being at la&s;t convinced of the Wickedne&s;s of it, he repented; and being brought before the Inqui&s;itors, reproached them as fitter for <HI>Mule-Drivers</HI> than Judges of the true Faith, of which they were bruti&s;hly Ignorant, tho' they impu|dently a&s;&s;umed that Title and Office.
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Con&s;tantio,</HI> the Confe&s;&s;or of <HI>Charles</HI> V, burnt after he was dead.</NOTE> <HI>Giles</HI> and <HI>Con&s;tantio</HI> were re&s;erved to bring up the Reere, but they both died, yet their Bodies were burnt. This la&s;t was Con|fe&s;&s;or to <HI>Charles</HI> V, in the la&s;t two Years of his Life and Retirement: Soon after his Death he was impri&s;oned, and died in durance. His Body was carried about in a preaching Po&s;ture, and the dreadful gha&s;tly look it had, brought. Tears from &s;ome, whil&s;t others laughed at the theatrical Hypocri&s;ie and Bloody Folly of the Monks.</P>
<P>From hence this Cruel Scene was removed to <HI>Vallidolid</HI> in <HI>October</HI> following,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">Twenty eight Nobles burnt at <HI>Vallidolid.</HI></NOTE> where in the pre&s;ence of <HI>Philip,</HI> 28 of the Principal Nobility of that Country were bound to Stakes, and mo&s;t Catholickly and Charitably burnt. Whether <HI>Thuanus</HI> were weary of the former Cruelties, or wanted exact Informations of the Particulars of
<PB N="36" REF="19">this la&s;t, I cannot &s;ay, but the la&s;t is mo&s;t probable; but however he gives none of their Names or Qualities, and &s;aith there was &s;ome Variation in the Time. Thus <HI>Spain</HI> was pre&s;erved from <HI>Here&s;ie</HI> (as they call it) not by the Learning or Piety of the Clergy, but the Bloody Zeal of King <HI>Philip.</HI></P>
<P>Pope <HI>Paul</HI> IV,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Death of Pope <HI>Paul</HI> IV.</NOTE> being worn out with Years, and very much afflicted with a Drop|&s;ie, <HI>July</HI> 29 &s;ent for the Cardinals, and told them, He was going the way of all Fle&s;h; and having advi&s;ed them to cho&s;e a good Succe&s;&s;or, recommended to them <HI>The mo&s;t Holy Office of the Inqui&s;ition</HI> (as he called it) <HI>which was the only thing that could pre&s;erve that mo&s;t Holy See.</HI> He, after this, pointed in another Di&s;cour&s;e to King <HI>Phi|lip,</HI> whom he &s;aid God had rai&s;ed up as the great Defender of the Catholick Faith; and he added, That he did not doubt but the Chri&s;tian Religion would by his Coun|&s;els, however now afflicted, be re&s;tored to its Ancient State. He dyed <HI>Augu&s;t</HI> 18. aged 83 Years, having &s;at Pope four Years, two Months and twenty three Days. Whil&s;t he was yet dying,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The People of <HI>Rome</HI> ex|pre&s;s their Hatred of him and the Inqui&s;ition.</NOTE> the People broke open all the Pri&s;ons, e&s;pecially tho&s;e of the Inqui&s;ition, which they al&s;o &s;et on Fire, and they were hardly re&s;trained from burning the Palace of <HI>Minerva,</HI> where that Court Sits; with the &s;ame Fury they beat down the Image of the Pope, and broke off its Head and Right-hand, and three Days it lay expo&s;ed in the Streets, to the Contempt and Scorn of all Men, after which it was thrown into the <HI>Tiber.</HI> After this the Arms of the <HI>Caraffa</HI>'s were demoli&s;hed all over the Town. His Body was buried with little Pomp, and a Guard of Soldiers drawn up to &s;ecure it from the Rage of the Populace.</P>
<P>It is ob&s;erved,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Deaths of &s;everal Princes.</NOTE> That this Year was fatal to the Princes of <HI>Europe, Augu&s;t</HI> 17, <HI>Lawrence Prioly</HI> Duke of <HI>Venice</HI> died, and was &s;ucceeded by <HI>Jerome,</HI> his own Bro|ther, his rare Virtues di&s;pen&s;ing with the <HI>Venetian</HI> Laws, of not &s;uffering Honours to continue in the &s;ame Family, le&s;t they might &s;eem Hereditary. <HI>September</HI> 1, di|ed <HI>Hercules di E&s;te</HI> Duke of <HI>Ferrara,</HI> he married <HI>Renata,</HI> a Daughter of <HI>Lewis</HI> XII, King of <HI>France;</HI> and was happy in all his Government, except his taking part with <HI>Henry</HI> II, in that unju&s;t War again&s;t King <HI>Philip;</HI> as <HI>Thuanus</HI> calls it: But he was happy in this, That by his Prudence he extricated him&s;elf, and came off with little or no Damage, in his Treaty of Peace, with that Potent and provoked Prince.</P>
<P><HI>February</HI> 12. died <HI>Otho Henry</HI> Duke of <HI>Bavaria,</HI> Count Palatine of the <HI>Rhine,</HI> and was &s;ucceeded by <HI>Frederick</HI> III. <HI>April</HI> 29 died <HI>Francis Otho,</HI> Duke of <HI>Lunenburg. January</HI> 24, died <HI>William</HI> Prince of <HI>Henneberg;</HI> &s;o that within the &s;pace of one Year died <HI>Charles</HI> V, two Kings of <HI>Denmark,</HI> a King of <HI>France,</HI> a Duke of <HI>Venice,</HI> a Pope, the Elector Palatine, the Duke of <HI>Ferrara,</HI> and three Queens, <HI>Helionora</HI> of <HI>France, Mary</HI> of <HI>Hungary,</HI> and <HI>Bona Sfortia</HI> Queen of <HI>Poland.</HI></P>
<P>The Conclave was very much divided in the Election of a new Pope,
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Pius</HI> IV, ele|cted.</NOTE> between the <HI>French</HI> and <HI>Spani&s;h</HI> Factions, each Side labouring to have a Pope of their own Intere&s;t; So that this Conte&s;t la&s;ted three Months; till at la&s;t the Emba&s;&s;adors of the other Princes began to remon&s;trate, That this long Delay tended only to the improving the Differences in Religion, and the increa&s;ing the Enemies of that See. At la&s;t, after a Vacancy of four Months and &s;even Days, <HI>John Angelo Medici</HI> was elected, <HI>December</HI> 26. by the Suffrage of forty four Cardinals. He was born at <HI>Milan,</HI> of ob&s;cure Parents, and took the Name of <HI>Pius</HI> IV: He began his Reign with a Pardon of the In&s;olencies the People of <HI>Rome</HI> had committed upon the Arms and Statue of Pope <HI>Paul</HI> IV,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">He changeth his Manners to the Wor&s;e.</NOTE> his Predece&s;&s;or: But he &s;oon changed, for he that till then had &s;eem|ed the mo&s;t Courteous, Patient, Good, Grateful and Liberal of Men, pre&s;ently became quite another Man, and took up other Manners: He re&s;cinded all the Acts of his Predece&s;&s;or, and pre&s;ently acknowledged the Imperial Dignity to be lawful|ly inve&s;ted in <HI>Ferdinand,</HI> the Brother of <HI>Charles</HI> V, and received his Emba&s;&s;adors with great Civility and Re&s;pect.</P>
<P>To return near Home,
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Scotch</HI> Affairs.</NOTE> the Prote&s;tant Religion was already received in all Parts of <HI>Scotland,</HI> e&s;pecially in the Towns and Families of the Nobility and Gentry, tho' in &s;ecret; but Queen <HI>Elizabeth</HI> having entertained the Reformed Religion, and &s;et|led it in <HI>England,</HI> they thence pre&s;umed &s;he would be a &s;ure Friend to tho&s;e of that Per&s;ua&s;ion in <HI>Scotland:</HI> And a Parliament being called to open <HI>May</HI> 10. 1559. at <HI>Sterling, Alexander Cunigham</HI> Earl of <HI>Glencarn,</HI> and Sir <HI>Hugh Cambel,</HI> an eminent Knight, and Sheriff of <HI>Aire,</HI> appeared there in the behalf of the Mini&s;ters of the Reformed Religion, who had been &s;ummoned to appear there by the Regent; who was now re&s;olved to di&s;&s;emble no longer, but to excert her Authority, and &s;hew her Zeal in their Ruine; accordingly &s;he threatned them &s;everely, and &s;aid; She would bani&s;h all their Preachers, who under pretence of Religion promoted a Re|bellion.
<PB N="37" REF="19" MS="y">The Deputies amazed with her great Words, oppo&s;ed Supplications, re|membring her of her Promi&s;es; to which &s;he famrtly replyed, <HI>That the Promi&s;es of Princes were not to be expected to be fulfilled further than agreed with their Conve|nience.</HI> A My&s;tery which &s;he ought not to have revealed however, if her Anger had not broken open the Rece&s;&s;es of her Heart. At this the two Deputies replyed, by <HI>Glencarne,</HI> That <HI>if &s;he would keep no Promi&s;e, they would acknowledge her no more, but renounce their Obedience to her, the Mi&s;chief of which &s;he ought &s;eriou&s;ly to con&s;ider.</HI> The Boldne&s;s and Briskne&s;s of this An&s;wer abated the Regents Anger and Courage, and &s;he &s;eemed much calm'd, and replyed; <HI>I will con&s;ider of it.</HI> The news of this being carried that Night to S. <HI>John</HI>'s-<HI>Town,</HI> the Inhabitants of it met that Night openly in their Churches, and had Sermons. The Queen Regent thereupon ordered all the Mini&s;ters, who were come as far as that City, but attended by va&s;t Numbers of the Nobility, Gentry and Commons, in order to their appearing in the Parliament, to return Home, &s;aying; <HI>She would not proceed in the Citation;</HI> yet afterward &s;he declared them Rebels for not appearing. This made many leave her and go over to the Prote&s;tants. Whereupon &s;he commanded one <HI>James Halyburton,</HI> Mayor of <HI>Dundee,</HI> to apprehend one <HI>Mefan</HI> a Preacher, who thought to have lien hid in that Place; and ordered the People to celebrate <HI>Ea&s;ter-Sunday,</HI> after the ancient manner. When in this no body would obey her, one <HI>Areskin</HI> of <HI>Dundee</HI> went over to them, and a&s;&s;ured them, The Regent was &s;o exa&s;perated, that there was nothing but Ruine to be hoped for at her Hands; and that &s;he had no regard to her Promi&s;e: Thereup|on they all re&s;olved to di&s;&s;emble no longer with her, but to <HI>u&s;e Force against Force.</HI> One <HI>John Knox,</HI> a bold and violent Preacher, further inflamed their over-heated Minds by a Seditious Sermon. The Nobility going to Dinner from the Sermon, a Quarrel aro&s;e in the Church, and the Prie&s;t that interpo&s;ed being &s;everely treated, the Rabble fell upon the Statues and Altars, and de&s;troy'd them in a moment; after this, they fell upon the <HI>Franci&s;can</HI> and <HI>Dominican</HI> Abbeys, where they al&s;o de&s;troy'd the Images and Altars. The next that &s;uffered was the <HI>Carthu&s;ian</HI> Abbey, which they demoli&s;h'd &s;o intirely in two days (thought very great) that the Foot-&s;teps of its Foundations were not ea&s;ily to be di&s;covered.</P>
<P>The Regent was by this time as much incen&s;ed as they; and &s;wore, <HI>She would revenge this Villany with the Blood of the Inhabitants, and the Ruin of the Town.</HI> But in the <HI>interim</HI> the Example &s;pread, and the &s;ame things were reacted at <HI>Cupre</HI> in <HI>Fife.</HI> The Regent having a&s;&s;embled &s;ome Forces under <HI>Hamilton</HI> Earl of <HI>Argile,</HI> and the Earl of <HI>Athole,</HI> marched ea&s;ily towards St. <HI>John</HI>'s-<HI>Town,</HI> that the Cannon might over|take them. But the Inhabitants of that Place writing to their Friends what was doing, he Earl of <HI>Glencarne</HI> came pre&s;ently to their A&s;&s;i&s;tance, with Two thou|&s;and five hundred Hor&s;e and Foot. And &s;hortly after they had Seven thou&s;and Men in Arms again&s;t her; &s;o that &s;he now &s;aw that Force would not do; upon which &s;he &s;ent the Lord <HI>James Steward</HI> Prior of St. <HI>Andrews,</HI> and one <HI>Cambell</HI> (who tho' <HI>Pro|te&s;tants,</HI> continued in their Obedience to her) to treat with the Earl of <HI>Glencarne</HI> and <HI>Areskin,</HI> who agreed, <HI>May</HI> 29, <HI>That all Forces being di&s;charged, the Town &s;hould be &s;et open to the Regent, that &s;he might refre&s;h her &s;elf a few days in it: That no</HI> French <HI>&s;hould yet enter into it, nor come near it by three Miles: That all other Controver&s;ies &s;hould be determined in the next Parliament.</HI> Whereupon &s;he entred the Town, and was honourably received. But one of the Inhabitants being &s;lain by an in&s;olent Soldier, and the Regent expre&s;&s;ing not any Concern for it; They from thence concluded the Treaty would not be long ob&s;erved, and accordingly about three days after &s;he ordered the Town to be &s;ack'd, chang'd the Magi&s;trates, and re&s;toring the mercenary <HI>Scots,</HI> &s;worn to and paid by the <HI>French.</HI> Being hereupon urged with her Promi&s;e, &s;he an&s;wer'd, <HI>That Promi&s;e was not to be kept with Hereticks, and if &s;he could make an honest Excu&s;e after the Fact committed, &s;he would take upon her Con&s;cience to kill and undo all that Sect;</HI> concluding, <HI>That Princes ought not to have their Promi&s;es &s;o &s;trictly urged upon them;</HI> and then went back to <HI>Sterling.</HI> The Convenience and Strength of the Place, made her think it worth the breach of her Faith to them; but the Lord <HI>James Steward</HI> the Prior of St. <HI>Andrew,</HI> and the Earl of <HI>Argile,</HI> were &s;o offended with this Procedure, that they left her, and went over to the <HI>Prote|&s;tants,</HI> and gave them notice that &s;he intended to Garri&s;on <HI>Cupre</HI> and St. <HI>Andrews,</HI> in <HI>Fife,</HI> with <HI>Frenchmen.</HI> Whereupon they de&s;troyed the <HI>Franci&s;can</HI> and <HI>Dominican</HI> Abbies of the la&s;t City under the Archbi&s;hop's <HI>Eyes,</HI> yet he dur&s;t not &s;hew the lea&s;t di&s;content at it, but fled into <HI>Faulkland.</HI> The Regent a&s;&s;embled all the <HI>French</HI> &s;he had in the Kingdom, which were two thou&s;and, and one thou&s;and <HI>Scots,</HI> and march<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="pdcc" EXTENT="1 letter">d for <HI>Cupre</HI> the Thirteenth of <HI>June.</HI> The Earl of <HI>Argile,</HI> on the other &s;ide, brought
<PB N="38" REF="20">in one thou&s;and <HI>Prote&s;tants</HI> to the Relief of St. <HI>Andrews,</HI> and <HI>Patrick Lermoth</HI> Bailiff of the Regality, their Chief Officer, levied five hundred more of the Inhabitants of St. <HI>Andrews,</HI> and before Ten of the Clock the next Morning there were above three thou&s;and Hor&s;e and Foot, which being drawn up to the be&s;t Advantage upon the Banks of a &s;mall River by Mr. <HI>James Halleburton,</HI> Provo&s;t of <HI>Dundee,</HI> a Man of good Experience and Valour, and therefore made General that day, made &s;o formidable an Appearance, that the Regent dur&s;t not hazard a Battel again&s;t them. By this time &s;he &s;aw, to her Co&s;t, how nece&s;&s;ary it was for Princes not to break their Faith. For when &s;he would have gladly come to Peace, there could no reliance be made upon her Promi&s;e, and &s;he had nothing el&s;e to engage. And when they demanded the <HI>French</HI> might be &s;ent away, &s;he &s;aid that &s;he could not do it without order from the King of <HI>France.</HI> So &s;he was de&s;ired to withdraw the Garri&s;on out of St. <HI>John</HI>'s-<HI>Town;</HI> which when &s;he refu&s;ed, the <HI>Prote&s;tants</HI> marched thither the Twenty fourth of <HI>June,</HI> and in a few days took it. From thence they march'd to the Abbey of <HI>Scone,</HI> and took and &s;ack'd it; and being informed the Regent de&s;igned to put a <HI>French</HI> Garri&s;on into <HI>Sterling,</HI> they went in the night from St <HI>John's-Town</HI> thither, and &s;urprized it, and ruined all the Mona&s;teries, Images and Altars. They al&s;o changed the Religion at <HI>Lithgo,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">Linlithgow.</NOTE> in the way to <HI>Sterling,</HI> and where&s;oever they prevail'd. The Regent and the <HI>French</HI> in the mean time retired from <HI>Edinburg</HI> to <HI>Dunbar,</HI> expecting till this Storm &s;hould blow over, and here they heard of the Death of <HI>Henry</HI> II of <HI>France:</HI> The <HI>Prote&s;tants</HI> rejoyced at it, as a thing that tended to their Safety, but had like to have made it the occa&s;ion of their Ruine, by withdrawing from the Army. The Regent thereupon marched with her Forces to <HI>Edinburg,</HI> and in the way had a fair opportunity to have fought and overthrown the remainder of their Army, which was prevented by the Duke of <HI>Hamilton,</HI> and <HI>James</HI> Earl of <HI>Dowgla&s;s.</HI> The Twenty fourth of <HI>July</HI> a Truce was made to la&s;t till the Tenth of <HI>January;</HI> which the Regent ob&s;erved &s;o much the more exactly, becau&s;e &s;he found by Expe|rience that the former breach of Promi&s;e had involved her in greater Difficulties and Di&s;tre&s;&s;es. Yet even here &s;he could not totally lay a&s;ide her old wont, but broke Faith as far as &s;he dur&s;t.</P>
<P>It is nece&s;&s;ary here to Tran&s;cribe &s;ome of our <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Affairs which relate to <HI>Scot|land,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Affairs rela|ting to <HI>Scot|land.</HI></NOTE> that we may &s;ee how far, and upon what Provocations Queen <HI>Elizabeth</HI> was concern'd. <HI>Henry</HI> II, of <HI>France</HI> had no &s;ooner ended his War with King <HI>Philip,</HI> but he began to ca&s;t an Eye upon <HI>England,</HI> as very convenient for the Dauphin King his Son, and <HI>Mary</HI> Queen of the <HI>Scots,</HI> and on that Account refu&s;ed to recall the <HI>French</HI> Forces out of <HI>Scotland,</HI> as by the la&s;t Treaty he had promi&s;ed; but in&s;tead of that, he &s;ent more thither by &s;tealth, and was very earne&s;t with the Pope to declare Queen <HI>Elizabeth</HI> an Heretick and Illegitimate, and <HI>Mary</HI> the Lawful Heir of <HI>Eng|land;</HI> which yet was diligently but under-hand oppos'd by the <HI>Imperial</HI> and <HI>Spani&s;h</HI> Agents at <HI>Rome.</HI> However the <HI>Gui&s;es</HI> never left exciting the credulous and ambi|tious Hopes of that Prince, of Uniting the Crown of <HI>England</HI> to that of <HI>France,</HI> by the means of Queen <HI>Mary</HI> their Heir, till at la&s;t they prevail'd on him to a&s;&s;ert openly the Pretences of his Son and Daughter-in-Law, and to con&s;ent they might u&s;e this Title, <HI>Francis and Mary, by the Grace of God, King and Queen of Scotland England and Ireland,</HI> and to quarter the Arms of <HI>England</HI> with tho&s;e of <HI>Scotland,</HI> upon their Plate, and on the Walls of their Palaces, and the Coats of their Heraulds. The <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Emba&s;&s;ador complain'd of this, but to no purpo&s;e, as tending to the great Injury of his Mi&s;tre&s;s, with whom they had lately made a Peace, they having never done it in the Life of Queen <HI>Mary,</HI> though there was a War between the Na|tions: That there were great numbers of Soldiers Li&s;ted in <HI>France</HI> and <HI>Germany</HI> to be Tran&s;ported into <HI>Scotland</HI> upon the &s;ame Continent with <HI>England.</HI> So that Queen <HI>Elizabeth</HI> had ju&s;t rea&s;on to &s;u&s;pect the Intentions of the <HI>French,</HI> who now breathed nothing but Blood and Death again&s;t the <HI>Prote&s;tants;</HI> but that Prince's De&s;igns, whatever they were, peri&s;hed with him, to the great Advantage of Queen <HI>Eliza|beth,</HI> who had otherwi&s;e been attack'd by all the Forces of <HI>France</HI> and <HI>Scotland,</HI> both as <HI>Illigitimate</HI> and an <HI>Heretick.</HI> Yet &s;he ordered his Exequies to be celebrated at St. <HI>Paul</HI>'s with great Solemnity, and by <HI>Charles</HI> Son to the Lord <HI>Howard</HI> of <HI>Effingham</HI> her Envoy, condol'd his Death, congratulated the Succe&s;&s;ion of <HI>Francis</HI> his Son, and promis'd to ob&s;erve the Peace between them religiou&s;ly.</P>
<P>Yet <HI>Francis</HI> the new King,
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Fradcis</HI> II, of <HI>France,</HI> claims <HI>England</HI> in the Right of <HI>Mary</HI> his Wife.</NOTE> and <HI>Mary</HI> his Wife, the Queen of the <HI>Scots,</HI> (by the Advice of the <HI>Gui&s;es,</HI> who now had got the Government of <HI>France,</HI> in a manner, into their Hands) &s;till continued the Claim of the Kingdoms of <HI>England</HI> and <HI>Ireland,</HI> and the u&s;e of the Arms thereof more openly. And when <HI>Throgmorton,</HI> the Engli&s;h
<PB N="39" REF="20" MS="y">Emba&s;&s;adour in ordinany, a Wi&s;e and Stout Man, &s;everely expo&s;tulated the Bu&s;i|ne&s;s. They replyed, Queen <HI>Mary</HI> might a&s;&s;ume the Arms of <HI>England</HI> with &s;ome &s;mall Di&s;tinction, to &s;hew her near Relation to that Royal Blood. But he denyed this could be done by the Laws of Heraldry, if the Per&s;on u&s;ing the Arms of ano|ther Family was not derived from a certain Heir. After this they pretended, They only u&s;ed the&s;e Arms, to force the Queen to lay a&s;ide the u&s;e of the Arms of <HI>France.</HI> To which he an&s;wered, That twelve Kings of <HI>England</HI> (as Dr. <HI>Woton</HI> &s;hewed in the Treaty of <HI>Cambray</HI>) had worn the Arms of <HI>France,</HI> with &s;o undoubt|ed a Right, that no oppo&s;ition had been made to it in any Treaty between <HI>France</HI> and <HI>England.</HI> At la&s;t, by the Interpo&s;ition of <HI>Montmorancy,</HI> who was no Friend to the <HI>Gui&s;es,</HI> he prevailed, and the Title of <HI>England</HI> and <HI>Ireland,</HI> and the u&s;e of the Arms of tho&s;e Kingdoms was laid a&s;ide, becau&s;e that great Man thought, It was not for the Honour of <HI>France</HI> to have any other Title or Arms a&s;&s;umed or engraven on their Seal than that of the King of <HI>France.</HI> That this one Title was as good as many: And he al&s;o &s;hewed, That the former Kings u&s;ed no other, tho' they claimed the Dutchy of <HI>Milan,</HI> and the Kingdom of <HI>Naples.</HI> But however, from this U&s;e of the Title and Arms of <HI>England</HI> impo&s;ed on this young Queen, by the Arts of the <HI>Gui&s;es,</HI> and the Ambition of <HI>Henry</HI> II, as from a Fountain, &s;prung all tho&s;e Calamities, which afterwards ruined her: For from this Time Queen <HI>Eliza|beth</HI> was a declared Enemy to the <HI>Gui&s;es,</HI> and a concealed one to the Queen of <HI>Scots;</HI> which la&s;t enmity, was by the Malice of cunning Men, a growing Emulation, and new Occa&s;ions, which every day &s;prung up, &s;o improved, that at la&s;t it ended in her Death. <HI>For Princes will endure no Rival, and Maje&s;ty is very &s;en&s;ible of Af|fronts.</HI></P>
<P>The <HI>French</HI> by the Treaty were to give four Ho&s;tages for the Re&s;titution of <HI>Calais</HI> within eight Years; but when it was to be done, they would give but three.
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The <HI>French</HI> Provocations again&s;t the <HI>Engli&s;h.</HI></NOTE> The <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Merchants were ill u&s;ed in <HI>France:</HI> A Servant of <HI>Throcmorton</HI>'s, the Emba&s;&s;a|dour, was &s;ent by <HI>Francis,</HI> Grand Prior of <HI>France,</HI> the Brother of <HI>Gui&s;e,</HI> publick|ly to the Gallies: A Pi&s;tol was di&s;charged again&s;t the Emba&s;&s;adour, in his own Lodgings: And he had no Plate allowed him, for his Table, but what had the Arms of <HI>England</HI> engraven on it, in contempt: <HI>Du Bro&s;&s;ay</HI> was al&s;o &s;ent with Sup|plies of <HI>French</HI> into <HI>Scotland:</HI> And the Gallies of <HI>France</HI> were brought from <HI>Mar|&s;eille</HI> in the <HI>Mediterrancan</HI> into the <HI>Briti&s;h</HI> Seas.</P>
<P>This was the State of Affairs between <HI>France</HI> and <HI>England,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The <HI>Scotch</HI> Complaints again&s;t the <HI>French.</HI></NOTE> when the Troubles of <HI>Scotland</HI> broke out, and the Lords of the <HI>Articles</HI> &s;ent <HI>William Maitland</HI> their Se|cretary; who made a deplorable Repre&s;entation of the State of that Kingdom to Queen <HI>Elizabeth,</HI> &s;etting forth; That &s;ince the Marriage of their Queen to the Dauphine of <HI>France,</HI> the Government of <HI>Scotland</HI> had been charged, the <HI>French</HI> Sol|diers laid all wa&s;te; The principal Employments were given to Frenchmen, their Forts and Ca&s;tles put into their Hands, and their Money adulterated to their Ad|vantage. That the De&s;ign was apparently to po&s;&s;e&s;s them&s;elves of <HI>Scotland,</HI> if the Queen &s;hould happen to die without I&s;&s;ue. <HI>Cecil</HI> (who was the Queens Prime Mini&s;ter) imployed <HI>Henry Percy</HI> Earl of <HI>Northumberland,</HI> to find out what the Lords of the Articles de&s;igned; and what Means they had to attain their Ends; and upon what Terms they expected Succours from <HI>England.</HI> They &s;aid, <Q>They de&s;ired nothing but the Glory of Je&s;us Chri&s;t, the &s;incere Preaching of the Word of God, the extirpation of Super&s;tition and Idolatry, the Re&s;traint of the Fury of Per&s;ecution, and the Pre&s;ervation of their ancient Liberties. That they knew not for the pre&s;ent how to effect this; but they hoped the Divine Goodne&s;s, which had begun the Work, would bring it to its de&s;ired End, with the Confu&s;ion of their Enemies: That they earne&s;tly de&s;ired to enter into a Friend&s;hip with the Queen of <HI>England</HI> to the Pre&s;ervation of which they would Sacrifice their Lives and Fortunes.</Q></P>
<P>The Con&s;ideration of the&s;e things was not warmly entertained in <HI>England,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">Queen <HI>Eliz|abeth</HI> holds off at fir&s;t; but,</NOTE> be cau&s;e the <HI>Scots</HI> had little Money, and were not over-well cemented among them|&s;elves; &s;o they were only advi&s;ed, Not to enter ra&s;hly into a War. But as &s;oon as the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> knew that the Marque&s;s of <HI>Elboeuf,</HI> the Queen of <HI>Scots</HI> Unkle, was li&s;ting Men in <HI>Germany</HI> by the <HI>Rhinegrave,</HI> for a War in <HI>Scotland,</HI> That Cannons were &s;ent to the Ports, and Preparations made to conquer that Kingdom, and that in great|er Quantities than &s;eemed nece&s;&s;ary to reduce a few unarmed <HI>Scots:</HI> That the <HI>French,</HI> to draw the <HI>Danes</HI> into this War, had proffered, That the Duke of <HI>Lorrain</HI> &s;hould renounce his Right to <HI>Denmark:</HI> And that they were renewing their Solici|tations with the Pope, To give a declaratory Sentence for the Queen of <HI>Scot,</HI>
<PB N="40" REF="21" MS="y">again&s;t the Queen of <HI>England:</HI> Thereupon Sir <HI>Ralph Sadler,</HI> a wi&s;e Man, was &s;ent to the Earl of <HI>Northumberland,</HI> and Governour of the middle Marches, on the Bor|ders of <HI>Scotland,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">at la&s;t is forced to unite with the Prote|&s;tants of <HI>Scot|land.</HI> Rea&s;ons a&s;|&s;igned for the driving the <HI>French</HI> out of <HI>Scotland.</HI></NOTE> to a&s;&s;i&s;t him, and Sir <HI>James Croft,</HI> Governour of <HI>Berwick.</HI> The <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Council could not &s;ee whither all this tended, unle&s;s the <HI>French</HI> de&s;igned to invade the Kingdom of <HI>England,</HI> as well as a&s;&s;ume the Title and Arms of it.</P>
<P>Upon this the Council of <HI>England</HI> began to con&s;ider in good earne&s;t, and with great Application of the <HI>Scotch</HI> Affairs, it was thought a thing of very ill and dangerous Example, that one Prince &s;hould undertake the Protection of the Subjects of another Prince, who were in Rebellion: But then it was thought impi|ous not to a&s;&s;i&s;t tho&s;e of the &s;ame Religion, when per&s;ecuted for it. And it was certainly a great Folly, to &s;uffer the <HI>French,</HI> the &s;worn Enemies of <HI>England,</HI> when they challenged the Kingdom of <HI>England</HI> too, and were at Peace with all the re&s;t of the World, to continue armed in <HI>Scotland,</HI> which lay &s;o near and convenient for the Inva&s;ion of <HI>England,</HI> on that &s;ide which had the greate&s;t number of <HI>Roman</HI> Ca|tholicks, both of the Nobility and Commons. This was thought a betraying the Safety and Quiet of the whole Nation, in a very cowardly manner: And there|fore it was concluded, It was no Time now for lazy Coun&s;els; but that it was be&s;t to take up their Arms, and as the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Cu&s;tom was, To prevent their Enemies, and not &s;tay till they &s;hould begin with us. It was always as lawful to Prevent an Enemy as to repel him, and to defend our &s;elves the &s;ame way that others Attack us. That <HI>England</HI> could never be Safe, but when it was Armed and Potent; and that nothing could contribute more to this End than the &s;ecuring it again&s;t <HI>Scot|land.</HI> That in order to this the Prote&s;tants of <HI>Scotland</HI> were to be protected, and the <HI>French</HI> Forces driven out of it; and this was not to be done by Con&s;ulta|tions, but by Arms. That the neglect of the&s;e Methods had not long &s;ince lo&s;t <HI>Calais,</HI> to our great Hindrance and Shame: That a little before, whil&s;t the <HI>French</HI> pretended to pre&s;erve the Peace with great Fidelity, they had &s;urprized the Fort of <HI>Ambleteul,</HI> and &s;ome other Places near <HI>Bologne,</HI> and by that means forced the <HI>Eng|li&s;h</HI> to &s;urrender that important Place. That we mu&s;t expect the &s;ame Fate would attend <HI>Berwick,</HI> and the other Fronteer Garri&s;ons, if they did not forthwith take Arms, and not rely any longer on the <HI>French</HI> Pretences of maintaining the Peace, which were never to be believed, their Coun&s;els being &s;ecret, their Ambition boundle&s;s, and their Revenues immen&s;e; &s;o that it was then a Proverb in <HI>England, France can neither be Poor nor Quiet three Years together:</HI> And Queen <HI>Elizabeth</HI> was u&s;ed to &s;ay that Expre&s;&s;ion of <HI>Valentinean</HI> the Emperour was good,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The War re|&s;olved.</NOTE> <HI>Francum amicum habe, at non vicinum: Let a</HI> Frank <HI>be thy Friend, but not thy Neighbour.</HI> So that upon the whole it was conclu<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="pdcc" EXTENT="2 letters">d, That it was Ju&s;t, Hone&s;t, Nece&s;&s;ary, and our Intere&s;t, to drive the <HI>French,</HI> as &s;oon as was po&s;&s;ible out of <HI>Scotland.</HI></P>
<P>Hereupon <HI>William Winter</HI> Ma&s;ter-Gunner in the Fleet,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The War be|gun.</NOTE> was &s;ent with a Fleet to <HI>Edinburgh Frith,</HI> who to the great terror of the <HI>French</HI> fell upon their Ships of War on that Coa&s;t, and their Garri&s;on in the I&s;le of <HI>Inchkeith.</HI> The Duke of <HI>Nor|folk,</HI> then Lieutenant of the <HI>North,</HI> was al&s;o &s;ent towards <HI>Scotland, William</HI> Lord <HI>Grey,</HI> (who had well defended <HI>Guines</HI> again&s;t the <HI>French,</HI> tho un&s;ucce&s;sfully) was made Governour of the <HI>Ea&s;tern</HI> and <HI>Middle Marches;</HI> and <HI>Thomas</HI> Earl of <HI>Su&s;&s;ex,</HI> who had been <HI>Lieutenant</HI> of <HI>Ireland</HI> in the Reign of Queen <HI>Mary,</HI> was &s;ent thither again with the &s;ame Character; and commanded to have a particular care the <HI>French</HI> did not excite the barbarous and &s;uper&s;titious <HI>Iri&s;h</HI> to a Rebellion, under the Pre|tence of Religion.</P>
<P>The <HI>French</HI> in the <HI>interim</HI> were not idle, but the Regent reproach'd the <HI>Lords of the Congregation</HI> (&s;o the <HI>Prote&s;tants</HI> were call'd) in a Proclamation, that they had brought <HI>Engli&s;hmen</HI> frequently into their Hou&s;es, that came with Me&s;&s;ages unto them, and returned An&s;wers back to <HI>England;</HI> though they made no An&s;wer to them, becau&s;e they did not think it convenient either to deny it, or openly to Avow it for the pre&s;ent; and the King of <HI>France</HI> and Queen <HI>Mary</HI> wrote each a di&s;tinct Letter to the Lord <HI>James Stewart,</HI> threatning him with Puni&s;hment as his wicked|ne&s;s de&s;erved, and by Word of Mouth let him know, <HI>That he would rather lo&s;e the Crown of</HI> France, <HI>than not be revenged on the Seditious Tumults rai&s;ed in</HI> Scotland. And one <HI>Octavian,</HI> a French Captain, landed &s;oon after with a French Regiment, great Sums of Mony and Ammunition of War, and was forthwith &s;ent back by the Regent for one hundred Hor&s;e, and four Ships of War; and in the mean time &s;he fell to Fortifie <HI>I&s;ith</HI> or <HI>Leith,</HI> expelling all the former Inhabitants, and making it a Colony of French only, it being a Sea-Port-Town, fit to receive Supplies, and a Place that
<PB N="41" REF="21">might &s;erve the French Companies for a Refuge, if they &s;hould happen to be re|duced to any great &s;treight. This was done about <HI>September,</HI> as appears by a Letter of the Nobility about it in that Month. The Regent's Reputation was by this time at &s;o low an Ebb, that nothing &s;he &s;aid was believed, and all &s;he offered &s;u&s;pected.</P>
<P>About this time,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">Four Divines and two thou|&s;and Men, &s;ent from <HI>France</HI> to Convert the <HI>Scots.</HI></NOTE> <HI>M. Pelleuce</HI> Bi&s;hop of <HI>Amiens</HI> (afterwards Bi&s;hop of <HI>Sens</HI>) arrived at <HI>Leith,</HI> attended by three Doctors of the <HI>Sorbon, Furmer, Brochet</HI> and <HI>Feretier;</HI> he pretended he came to di&s;pute with the Preachers of the Congregation, and he &s;ent to &s;ome of the Nobility re&s;iding then at <HI>Edinburg,</HI> de&s;iring a Hearing: But for fear their Arguments might not prove &s;o effectual as was expected, <HI>Le Broche,</HI> a French Knight, came over at the &s;ame time with two thou&s;and Foot to reinforce their <HI>Sylogi&s;ms.</HI> The <HI>Congregation-Nobility</HI> reject however their armed Logick, and would have nothing to do with them.</P>
<P>The Eighteenth of <HI>October,</HI> the Lords a&s;&s;embled their Forces at <HI>Edinburg,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Lords of <HI>Scotland</HI> Arm again&s;t them, and depo&s;e the Regent.</NOTE> and the Regent, with the Bi&s;hop of St. <HI>Andrews, Gla&s;gow, Dunkeld,</HI> and the Lord <HI>Seaton,</HI> the &s;ame day entred <HI>Leith.</HI> And &s;ome Me&s;&s;ages having pa&s;s'd betwixt them, they proceeded &s;o far at la&s;t as to &s;u&s;pend the Queen-Regent's Commi&s;&s;ion, di&s;charging her of all Authority till the next Parliament, prohibiting the Officers to &s;erve under her, or by colour of her Authority to exerci&s;e their Offices from thenceforth. This Decree bears Date the Twenty third of <HI>October.</HI></P>
<P>The Twenty fifth they &s;ummoned the Town of <HI>Leith,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">She prevails over them.</NOTE> commanding all <HI>Scots</HI> and <HI>Frenchmen</HI> to depart within twelve hours. But failing in this Attempt, the Regent took <HI>Edinburg,</HI> and re&s;tored the Ma&s;s there, and all tho&s;e of the contrary Religion were forced to flee into <HI>England,</HI> or where they could find &s;helter. Here|upon the Queen &s;ent for more Forces, and the Marquis <HI>d'Elboeuf</HI> was &s;ent from <HI>Diep</HI> with eighteen En&s;igns of Hor&s;e, which were di&s;per&s;ed at Sea by Tempe&s;t, &s;o that he arrived not at <HI>Leith</HI> before the Spring of the next year.</P>
<P>The Lords retired fir&s;t to <HI>Sterling,</HI> and then to <HI>Gla&s;gow,</HI> where they reform'd all things after their u&s;ual manner; and in the mean time they &s;ent <HI>William Maitland</HI> and <HI>Robert Melvil</HI> to Queen <HI>Elizabeth,</HI> where at la&s;t they obtained what they de|&s;igned in the manner I have expre&s;s'd.</P>
<P>The <HI>French</HI> hearing this, re&s;olved to &s;uppre&s;s the Lords before the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> &s;hould come up to their A&s;&s;i&s;tance, and thereupon began to wa&s;te and &s;poil the Country to <HI>Sterling;</HI> but though they met with little Re&s;i&s;tance, yet they could not attain their End.</P>
<P>In <HI>February</HI> an Agreement was made between the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> and the <HI>Scotch</HI> Commi&s;|&s;ioners,
<MILESTONE N="1560" UNIT="year"> &s;ent by the Lords for the Pre&s;ervation of the <HI>Scotch</HI> Liberties and Freedoms from a <HI>French</HI> Conque&s;t, and for the Expul&s;ion of the <HI>French</HI> Forces out of <HI>Scotland,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The <HI>Scotch</HI> Lords go on with their Reformation.</NOTE> the Articles of which were Sign'd the Twenty &s;eventh of that Month. About this time the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Fleet, under Captain <HI>Winter,</HI> came up, and took all the <HI>French</HI> Ships in the Fyrth of <HI>Edinburg,</HI> which much amazed the <HI>French</HI> who were then marching for St. <HI>Andrews,</HI> by the Sea-&s;ide; whereupon they returned to <HI>Leith.</HI> About the &s;ame time, the <HI>Lords of the Congregation</HI> reformed <HI>Aberdene,</HI> but the Earl of <HI>Huntley</HI> coming up in good time, &s;aved the Bi&s;hop's Palace, which had el&s;e been <HI>reformed</HI> to the Ground.</P>
<P>The <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Land-Forces, to the number of two thou&s;and Hor&s;e,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Forces enter <HI>Scotland,</HI> and be&s;iege <HI>Leith.</HI></NOTE> and &s;ix thou|&s;and Foot, entred <HI>Scotland,</HI> under the Command of the Lord <HI>Gray,</HI> in the beginning of <HI>April.</HI> The <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> at fir&s;t beat the <HI>French</HI> into <HI>Leith,</HI> and battered the Town very diligently; but remitting in their Care and Indu&s;try, the <HI>French</HI> made a Sally out of <HI>Leith,</HI> and cut off a great number of the <HI>Engli&s;h,</HI> which made them more vigilant. The la&s;t of <HI>April,</HI> a Fire happened in the Town, which burnt the greate&s;t part of it, with much of the Soldiers Provi&s;ions. The Seventh of <HI>May</HI> the Town was Storm'd, but the Ladders proving too &s;hort, an hundred and &s;ixty of the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> were &s;lain, and nothing was gain'd. Soon after there came up two thou&s;and <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> more.</P>
<P>In the mean time the <HI>French</HI> King &s;ent to Queen <HI>Elizabeth,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The <HI>French</HI> proffer to re|&s;tore <HI>Calais</HI> to the <HI>Engli&s;h.</HI></NOTE> that if &s;he would withdraw her Army out of <HI>Scotland,</HI> he would re&s;tore <HI>Calais</HI> to her: To which &s;he replied, <HI>She did not value that Fi&s;her-Town &s;o much, as to hazard for it the State of</HI> Britain. Thereupon the <HI>French</HI> perceving no Peace could be had without the <HI>French</HI> were recall'd out of <HI>Scotland,</HI> and di&s;daining to treat with the <HI>Scots</HI> who were their Subjects, they began a Treaty with the Queen of <HI>England.</HI></P>
<PB N="42" REF="22">
<P>In the mean time, <HI>Mary</HI> of <HI>Lorain,</HI> Queen Regent of <HI>Scotland,</HI> died in the Ca&s;tle of <HI>Edinburg,</HI> the Tenth of <HI>June,</HI> partly of Sickne&s;s, and partly of Di&s;plea&s;ure: Before her Death,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Death and Chara|cter of <HI>Mary</HI> Queen-Re|gent of <HI>Scot|land.</HI></NOTE> &s;he &s;ent for the Duke of <HI>Wa&s;tellerand,</HI> the Earl of <HI>Argile, Glen|carne, Mar&s;hall,</HI> and the Lord <HI>James,</HI> and bewailing the Calamities of <HI>Scotland,</HI> prayed them to continue in Obedience to the Queen their Sovereign, and to &s;end both the <HI>French</HI> and <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> out of the Kingdom; &s;o asking their Pardon, and granting them hers, &s;he took her leave with many Tears, ki&s;&s;ing the Nobility one by one, and giving the re&s;t her Hand to ki&s;s.</P>
<P>She was a Wi&s;e, Good, Religious Prince&s;s, full of Clemency and Charity, and would doubtle&s;s have prevented the Calamities of <HI>Scotland,</HI> which befel there in the end of her days, if &s;he had been left to her own Mea&s;ures; but being governed by the Orders of <HI>France,</HI> &s;he was forced to do and &s;ay what &s;he did, to her great di&s;honour and di&s;quiet, which too at la&s;t ended in the Ruine of tho&s;e &s;he mo&s;t de|&s;ired to Promote, as it always happens in Breach of Faith. She would often &s;ay, <HI>That if her own Coun&s;el might take Place, &s;he doubted not but to compo&s;e all the Di&s;&s;en|tion within that Kingdom, and to &s;ettle the &s;ame in a perfect Peace upon good Conditions.</HI></P>
<P>Soon after her Death (or as <HI>Thuanus</HI> &s;aith,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The <HI>French</HI> forced to leave <HI>Scot|land.</HI></NOTE> a little before it) Emba&s;&s;adors from <HI>France</HI> and <HI>England</HI> came to <HI>Edinburg,</HI> who &s;ending for the <HI>Scoth</HI> Nobility, began to treat about the &s;ending the <HI>French</HI> out of <HI>Scotland;</HI> which was at la&s;t agreed, and the Sixteenth of <HI>July</HI> the <HI>French</HI> embark'd on the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Fleet for <HI>France;</HI> and the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Army the &s;ame day began their march by Land for <HI>Berwick,</HI> and the Fortifi|cations of <HI>Leith</HI> and <HI>Dunbar</HI> were di&s;mantled; but &s;ixty <HI>Frenchmen</HI> were left to keep the Ca&s;tle of <HI>Dunbar;</HI> and the &s;ame number the I&s;le of <HI>Inchkeeth,</HI> until the States &s;hould find means to maintain the &s;aid Forts upon their own Charges from all Peril of Foreign Inva&s;ion.</P>
<P>In <HI>August</HI> the Parliament met,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">A Parliament in <HI>Scotland.</HI></NOTE> which e&s;tabli&s;hed a Confe&s;&s;ion of Faith contrary to the <HI>Roman</HI> Religion, and pa&s;s'd three other Acts, one for Aboli&s;hing the Pope's Juri&s;diction and Authority, another for Repealing the Laws formerly made in favour of Idolatry, and a third for the Puni&s;hing the Hearers and Sayers of Ma&s;s; and with the&s;e Acts Sir <HI>James Sandelands</HI> was &s;ent into <HI>France</HI> for the Royal A&s;&s;ent of the King and Queen, which was refu&s;ed, and he &s;everely treated for undertaking that Emba&s;&s;y by the <HI>Gui&s;es.</HI></P>
<P>The Oppre&s;&s;ion of the Princes of the Blood in <HI>France</HI> by the Hou&s;e of <HI>Gui&s;e,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">A Con&s;piracy in <HI>France.</HI></NOTE> and of the <HI>Prote&s;tants</HI> by the <HI>Roman Catholicks,</HI> cau&s;ed a dreadful Con&s;piracy, which drew in all the de&s;perate People of that once mo&s;t Fouri&s;hing Kingdom, to the great hazard of its Ruine. The concealed Head of this Con&s;piracy was <HI>Lewis</HI> Prince of <HI>Conde,</HI> the apparent <HI>Godfrey de la Barre, Sieur de Renaudie,</HI> a Young Gentleman of an Ancient and Noble Family of <HI>Perigort,</HI> who falling into a long and ruinous Suit for a Living, which his Uncle had intercepted and detained from him in <HI>Angoumois,</HI> had not only been overthrown by his Oppo&s;ite, but had al&s;o, for &s;ome fraud in the management, been &s;everely Fin'd and Bani&s;h'd for &s;ome time; he at <HI>Lau&s;anne</HI> and <HI>Geneva</HI> had contracted a Friend&s;hip with &s;ome others of his Country, who had fled thither on the account of Religion, by whom he had been brought over to that Per&s;ua&s;ion; and after returning into <HI>France</HI> in di&s;gui&s;e, he had wandred over a great part of the Kingdom, and made many Friends of that Religion, and being a Stout, Subtil Man, and exa&s;perated by the things he had &s;uffered, he undertook this dangerous Employment, willingly as a means to re|venge the Wrongs he had undergon.</P>
<P>The Con&s;pirators met the Fir&s;t of <HI>February,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Con&s;pi|racy of <HI>Blois</HI> formed at <HI>Nantes.</HI></NOTE> at <HI>Nantes,</HI> in great numbers, on diver&s;e Pretences, and there form'd the fatal De&s;ign of <HI>Blois,</HI> for the Surprizing the King and the Court the Fifteenth of <HI>March,</HI> and the bringing the <HI>Gui&s;es</HI> to a Tryal for all their Encroachments on the <HI>French</HI> Privileges, and Abu&s;es of the Royal Autho|rity. The whole De&s;ign is &s;o well expre&s;&s;ed in <HI>Davila</HI> his Hi&s;tory of the Civil Wars of <HI>France,</HI> that I &s;hall rather refer the Reader thither for his Satisfaction in it, than attempt to reduce it into a Dark, and &s;carce perhaps Intelligible Com|pendium.</P>
<P>It was very extraordinary,
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Thuanus</HI> his Reflection on this Con&s;pi|racy.</NOTE> that before ever this Kingdom had in the lea&s;t been &s;haken by any Commotion, the Maje&s;ty of the King, the Authrity of the Gover|nors and Magi&s;trates being all in their former vigor, that &s;uch great numbers of Men, in all Parts of the Kingdom, &s;hould enter into &s;o unheard, &s;o dangerous a De&s;ign. But &s;uch was the Hatred they bore to the Hou&s;e of <HI>Gui&s;e,</HI> and the Dete&s;ta|tion that all Men began to entertain of the bloody Practi&s;es again&s;t the <HI>Prote&s;tants,</HI> that though &s;o very many were engaged in it, yet they all kept Faith each to other,
<PB N="43" REF="22" MS="y">and conceal'd the Secret; &s;o that the <HI>Gui&s;es</HI> had notice of it from <HI>Italy,
<MILESTONE N="1559" UNIT="year"> Spain</HI> and <HI>Germany,</HI> before any of their Spies in the Kingdom &s;cented or &s;u&s;pected it.</P>
<P>At la&s;t one <HI>Pierre Avanelles,</HI> an Advocate of the Parliament of <HI>Paris,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The di&s;cove|ry of the Con|&s;piracy.</NOTE> and a <HI>Prote&s;tant,</HI> out of pure Con&s;cience, for the preventing &s;o great a Scandal and Mi&s;chief, di&s;covered this Con&s;piracy to <HI>Stephen L'Allemont Sieur de Vouzay,</HI> Secre|tary to the Cardinal of <HI>Lorain,</HI> he having got knowledge of it from <HI>La Renaudie,</HI> the Chief Agent in it, who lodged in his Hou&s;e. The King was then gone from <HI>Blois</HI> to <HI>Ambois,</HI> which was a &s;mall and &s;trong Town, which had al&s;o a great and a very &s;trong Ca&s;tle, and ea&s;ily to be defended. Here <HI>de Vouzay</HI> acquainted the King and the Council with it, and was immediately Impri&s;on'd, to be produced as a Witne&s;s again&s;t the Con&s;pirators, if it proved to be true; and to be treated as an Impo&s;tor,
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Andelot</HI> and <HI>Coligny</HI> come to Court on an Invitati|on.</NOTE> if it happened otherwi&s;e. The <HI>Gui&s;es</HI> were very de&s;irous that <HI>Andelot,</HI> and <HI>Coligni</HI> the Admiral, &s;hould be invited to Court, fearing or hoping rather that they too were in the Plot. And they accordingly came pre&s;ently to the Queen-Regent, and <HI>Coligni,</HI> in a Di&s;cour&s;e before <HI>Oliver</HI> the Chancellor, inveighed &s;harply again&s;t the violent Proceedings in Matters of Religion, which had exa&s;perated a great part of the People again&s;t the Government, and concluded, <HI>That he believed the granting Liberty of Con&s;cience, and &s;u&s;pending the Severity of the Laws, till the Controver&s;ies of Religion were compo&s;ed by a Lawful and Free Council, would very much appea&s;e and quiet them. Oliver,</HI> who de&s;ired a Reformation,
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Oliver</HI> the Chancellor of <HI>France,</HI> ha|ted the Per|&s;ecution, and de&s;ired a Re|formation.</NOTE> and hated the bloody Methods then in u&s;e, was glad of this Propo&s;ition, and recommended to the <HI>Gui&s;es</HI> the granting of a general Pardon, and Liberty of Con&s;cience, till a Free Coun&s;el could be had, as an excellent Remedy of the&s;e Evils: Which was pre&s;ently granted, excluding notwith&s;tanding tho&s;e who under pretence of Religion had con&s;pired again&s;t the King, his Mother, Brothers, or Mini&s;ters: Which was publi&s;hed the Twelfth of <HI>March</HI> in the Parliament of <HI>Paris;</HI> which yet never &s;hock'd the Con&s;pirators, who were well re&s;olv'd. The &s;ame day <HI>Renaudie</HI> came to <HI>Carreliere</HI> in <HI>Vendo&s;mois,</HI> not far from <HI>Ambois,</HI> and appointed the re&s;t to meet him the Seventeenth of the &s;ame Month (the King having changed his Abode, they were forced to change the Day.) That day, <HI>Deligneris</HI> another of the Con&s;pirators, and a Captain, repenting the Undertaking, di&s;covered it to Queen <HI>Catherine.</HI> The <HI>Gui&s;es</HI> had by this time got a good Body of the Nobility about the King, and a Party of the Con&s;pirators being met in Arms near <HI>Tours,</HI> the Inhabitants of that City would not endeavour to take them, but &s;uffered them to e&s;cape to <HI>Saumur;</HI> the Seventeenth of <HI>March</HI> was the day now appointed for this great De&s;ign, and <HI>Renaudie,</HI> who knew nothing of the Di&s;covery, marched boldly up to <HI>Ambois,</HI> and though great part of his Foot were cut in pieces in the Woods, as they came up in &s;mall Parties, or taken Pri|&s;oners by the Hor&s;e who were &s;ent out for that purpo&s;e, many of which were pre&s;ently hang'd on the Battlements of the Ca&s;tle, in their Boots and Spurs, yet <HI>Renaudie</HI> their Chief Commander e&s;caped, and was not taken then.</P>
<P>The Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> obtained a Commi&s;&s;ion to con&s;titute him&s;elf the King's Lieu|tenant General in <HI>France</HI> the Eighteenth of <HI>March;</HI> and <HI>Oliver</HI> the Chancellor ob|tained, before he would pa&s;s it, a Pardon for all who &s;hould lay down their Arms within twenty four hours, and return home with only two or three Companions, giving them liberty to pre&s;ent what Petitions they plea&s;ed in a peaceable way to the King. The Nineteenth of <HI>March, Renaudie</HI> met <HI>Pardaillan,</HI> who was &s;ent with a Party of Hor&s;e to take up &s;uch as he found in Arms. <HI>Pardaillan</HI> would have fired a Pi&s;tol again&s;t <HI>Renaudie,</HI> but it mi&s;&s;ing, <HI>Renaudie</HI> run him through,
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Renaudie</HI> &s;lain.</NOTE> but was &s;lain in the &s;ame moment by <HI>Pardaillan</HI>'s Servant him&s;elf. His Body was brought to <HI>Ambois,</HI> and hang'd on a Gibbet, with this In&s;cription, <HI>The Leader of the Rebels.</HI> Two of his Servants were taken at the &s;ame time, and &s;ome Papers in a private Character, which proved to be a Petition on the be&s;alf of the Prote&s;tants, de&s;igned to be pre&s;ented to the King in an A&s;&s;embly of the States, Begging a Remi&s;&s;ion of the Severity of the Laws again&s;t them, and Prote&s;ting the utmo&s;t Duty and Obedience to him. Many of tho&s;e who were taken, were examin'd again&s;t the King of <HI>Navar,</HI> and the Prince of <HI>Conde.</HI> Who &s;aid, They knew nothing of <HI>Navar,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The King of <HI>Navar, Conde, Coligni</HI> and <HI>Andelot</HI> &s;u&s;|pected.</NOTE> but heard that <HI>Conde</HI> &s;hould have been their Captain. Whence the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> con|cluded, That <HI>Coligni</HI> and <HI>Andelot</HI> were certainly in it, though Queen <HI>Catherine</HI> was of a contrary Opinion; but however <HI>Conde,</HI> who was then in the Ca&s;tle with the King, was commanded not to depart without leave, which he wi&s;ely di&s;&s;embled. Some few were Tried for this Con&s;piracy, but many more were Hang'd up by Night, and many Merchants were Slain as they travelled about their bu&s;ine&s;s for
<PB N="44" REF="23">their Mony, but under Pretence they were in the Con&s;piracy, &s;o that there was nothing but Slaughter and Murthers to be &s;een.</P>
<P>About the &s;ame time,
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Oliver</HI> the Chancellor dies.</NOTE> <HI>Oliver</HI> the Chancellor of <HI>France</HI> died, not &s;o much of Old|age or Sickne&s;s, as Di&s;content at the Cruelcy and Iniquity of the Times; his Death was foretold by &s;ome of the Con&s;pirators, who reproached him for his un|worthy Complyances. And when the Cardinal of <HI>Lorain</HI> vi&s;ited him in his la&s;t Sickne&s;s, he expre&s;s'd his Re&s;entments again&s;t him, and died weeping and &s;ighing for what he had done. <HI>Michel de l'Ho&s;pital,</HI> a great and a good Man, &s;ucceeded him, by the procurement of Queen <HI>Catherine.</HI></P>
<P>Though this Con&s;piracy was principally de&s;ign'd again&s;t the <HI>Gui&s;es,</HI> yet they de&s;ired the World &s;hould believe the&s;e Men had fir&s;t made a Defection from God by Here&s;ie, and then had con&s;pired again&s;t the King, Queen <HI>Catherine,</HI> and the King's Brothers: The Thirty fir&s;t of <HI>March</HI> the King wrote to all the Governors of the &s;everal Provinces, to take great care that the Reliques of this Con&s;piracy did not imbroil their Provinces; after which there was the like Account &s;ent to the Elector <HI>Palatine,</HI> and the re&s;t of the Prote&s;tant Princes of <HI>Germany.</HI> The Princes of <HI>Germany</HI> thereupon, among other things, <HI>de&s;ired the King to con&s;ider whether he had not yielded more than was fit to &s;ome about him</HI> (meaning the <HI>Gui&s;es) who out of an inbred Malice and Cruelty exerci&s;ed great Cruelties on Men that were never con|victed of any Crime. There they be&s;eech his Maje&s;ty, that he would put a &s;top to the Sufferings of the&s;e Innocents, and &s;eeing they imbrace the &s;ame Religion with us, we can|not but de&s;ire an end may be put to tho&s;e cruel and ha&s;ty Executions. This</HI> Germany <HI>has found</HI> (&s;ay they) <HI>to be the only Remedy, and</HI> France <HI>has no other left to re&s;tore its Peace, than by granting a Peace to the Minds and Con&s;ciences of Men.</HI></P>
<P><HI>Coligni</HI> the Admiral leaving the Court,
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Coligni</HI> &s;ent into <HI>Norman|dy</HI> by the Queen.</NOTE> Queen <HI>Catherine</HI> ordered him to go into <HI>Normandy,</HI> and to enquire diligently into the Cau&s;es of the late Con&s;piracy: He laid the blame of it on the boundle&s;s Ambition of the <HI>Gui&s;es,</HI> and advi&s;ed the Queen to ob&s;erve inviolably the late Edict for Liberty of Con&s;cience, and to put a &s;top to the Per&s;ecution of the Innocent, as &s;he valued the &s;afety of the King, and the quiet of the Kingdom. Some of the Captives who had e&s;caped out of the Pri&s;ons at <HI>Blois,</HI> wrote Letters to the Cardinal of <HI>Lorain,</HI> telling him, they knew the E&s;cape of the Con&s;pirators was very afflictive to his Eminence: That there|fore they were gone to &s;eek them, and hoped in a &s;hort time to return better attended. This rallery was a great Mortification to that fearful Mini&s;ter, who feared new Commotions, and per&s;uaded the King to put out a General Pardon for all <HI>Roman Catholicks.</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Clergy labour to bring the In|qui&s;ition into <HI>France.</HI></NOTE> In <HI>May</HI> the King put out another Edict, which was call'd the <HI>Edict of Romoraulin,</HI> by which he took the Cognizance of <HI>Here&s;ie</HI> from the Civil Magi&s;trates, and gave it &s;olely to the Bi&s;hops, which about five years before had been &s;o vigorou&s;ly oppo&s;ed by the Parliament of <HI>Paris. De l' Ho&s;pital</HI> the Chancellor is &s;aid to have con&s;ented to it, only to prevent the violent <HI>Gui&s;es</HI> from introducing the <HI>Spani&s;h Inqui&s;ition,</HI> which they had recommended to <HI>Henry</HI> II, and were now promoting with all their might in <HI>France.</HI> From henceforward the Cardinal of <HI>Lorain</HI> became more placable to tho&s;e of the Religion, and to &s;top the Mouths of tho&s;e who de&s;ired an A&s;&s;embly of the three E&s;tates, per&s;uaded Queen <HI>Catherine</HI> to call an A&s;&s;embly of the Princes at <HI>Fountain-bleau,</HI> to con&s;ult of the Pub|lick Affairs.</P>
<P>About this time <HI>Conde</HI> left the Court,
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Conde</HI> leaves the Court.</NOTE> and by a Letter gave his Brother the King of <HI>Navar</HI> an Account of the Ill-will the <HI>Gui&s;es</HI> bore towards him, and that a Debate had been held in the King's Cabinet-Council, for the taking him into Cu&s;tody: That therefore he had been forced to betake him&s;elf to him into <HI>Bearne.</HI> This Letter was &s;oon after di&s;covered to the <HI>Gui&s;es</HI> who had entertained Spies in the Family of <HI>Conde,</HI> who pre&s;ently wrote a Letter to <HI>Conde</HI> full of &s;ugared Expre&s;|&s;ions of Kindne&s;s and Affection; which <HI>Conde</HI> pre&s;ently &s;ent to his Brother, who very much approved his Re&s;olution, but advi&s;ed him to return to Court and clear his Innocence; which <HI>Conde</HI> did not think &s;afe. <HI>Perrenot</HI> the Brother of Cardinal <HI>Granvell,</HI> in an Audience he had of Queen <HI>Catherine,</HI> told her, there was no way to re&s;tore the Peace of <HI>France,</HI> but by Bani&s;hing the <HI>Gui&s;es</HI> &s;ome time from Court, and Recalling the Princes of the Blood and <HI>Montmorancy</HI> to their former Stations.</P>
<P>The Twenty fir&s;t of <HI>August,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">An A&s;&s;embly of the Princes of <HI>France.</HI></NOTE> the A&s;&s;embly of the Princes and Notable Men of <HI>France</HI> was Opened at <HI>Founain-bleau.</HI> The Chancellor in his Speech, among other things, complained, <HI>That the Hearts of the People of</HI> France <HI>were incen&s;ed again&s;t the King and his Principal Mini&s;ters, but the Cau&s;e of it was not known, and therefore it was &s;o difficult to find out and apply a fitted Remedy. For That, the greate&s;t part of the
<PB N="45" REF="23">Men of this Kingdom being weary of what is pre&s;ent, fearful of what is to come, divided by different Religions, and de&s;irous of Change, are willing to imbroil the Kingdom. And therefore their principal Bu&s;ine&s;s was to find out the cau&s;e of this Di&s;|ca&s;e, and apply a fitting Remedy to this Sickly Body.</HI></P>
<P><HI>Coligni</HI> the Admiral, who was pre&s;ent the next day,
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Coligni</HI> deli|vers a Peti|tion from the Prote&s;tants to the King.</NOTE> pre&s;ented a Petition to the King, which had been given him whil&s;t he was in <HI>Normandy,</HI> by a va&s;t number of his Subjects; de&s;iring that the Severity of the Laws again&s;t them, might be mitigated, till their Cau&s;e had been duly con&s;idered and determined: That they might have Publick Places a&s;&s;igned them for the Exerci&s;e of their Religion, le&s;t their Private Meetings &s;hould be &s;u&s;pected by the Government: And they invoked God to bear Witne&s;s, That they had never entertained any di&s;loyal Thought again&s;t his Maje&s;ty, nor would do &s;o: But on the contrary they offered up to God, mo&s;t de|vout Prayers for the Pre&s;ervation and Peace of his Kingdom.</P>
<P>The Bi&s;hop of <HI>Valence,</HI> a Learned, Grave and Experienced Per&s;on,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Bi&s;hop of <HI>Valence</HI> &s;econds it.</NOTE> confirmed this Opinion, &s;hewing the great Corruptions in the Church had given Birth and promoted the&s;e Divi&s;ions in the Minds of Men, which were rather exa&s;perated than extirpated by har&s;h means and bloody Per&s;ecutions. Then he &s;hewed the great U&s;e of General Councils, for the compo&s;ing the Differences in the Church:
<NOTE PLACE="marg">And advi&s;eth the King to call a Nati|onal Council.</NOTE> And there|fore he &s;aid, <HI>He wondred how the Pope could quiet his Con&s;cience one Hour, whil&s;t he &s;aw &s;o many thou&s;and Souls peri&s;h, which God, without doubt, would require at his Hands. But if</HI> (&s;aid he) <HI>a General Council cannot be had, the King ought to follow the Examples of</HI> Charles <HI>the Great, and S.</HI> Lewis <HI>his Ance&s;tors, and call a National Coun|cil of</HI> France; <HI>commanding the Teachers of the Sectaries to be pre&s;ent in it, and to enter into Conference with the Divines, concerning the Points in Controver&s;ie,</HI> &amp;c. That the Sectaries were worthy of Blame for their Rebellion, and the Roman Catholicks for having been too Bloody and Cruel in the Pro&s;ecution of them; which had only &s;erved to irritate the Minds of Men, and make them enquire more greedily into the Opinions of tho&s;e they &s;aw &s;uffer &s;o patiently. That the ancient Fathers im|ployed no other Arms again&s;t the Arians, Macedonians and Ne&s;torians, but the <HI>Word of God,</HI> and the Princes then did only bani&s;h Hereticks.</P>
<P>The Archbi&s;hop of <HI>Vienne</HI> repre&s;ented the great Difficulties that hindred the ob|taining a General Council; <HI>For</HI> (&s;aid he) <HI>there is none of us who doth not know what great pains</HI> Charles <HI>V, took to procure a General Council, and what Arts and Stratagems the Poples imployed to defeat that commendable hope this pious Prince had entertained. The Di&s;|ea&s;e is of too acute a Nature to attend long Delays, which are very uncertain; and there|fore the be&s;t way was to call a National Council; which the King had already promi&s;ed, and the urgent Nece&s;&s;ities of the Church would not &s;uffer him to delay any longer.</HI> Having &s;hewn how this had been con&s;tantly practi&s;ed from the Times of <HI>Clovis</HI> to <HI>Charles</HI> the Great, and &s;o downward to the times of <HI>Charles</HI> VIII. He concluded, <HI>That the Nece&s;&s;ity being Great, they ought to delay no longer, nor to regard the Oppo&s;itions the Pope would make against this Method.</HI> For the appea&s;ing the Civil Di&s;&s;entions of <HI>France,</HI> he advi&s;ed the calling an A&s;&s;embly of the three E&s;tates.</P>
<P>The third day <HI>Coligni</HI> di&s;cour&s;ed of the Petition he had pre&s;ented; and being asked, why it was not &s;ub&s;cribed? He &s;aid, There was above fifty thou&s;and Men, in the Nation, ready to &s;ub&s;cribe it: Concluding, <HI>That there was nothing more ca|lamitous, than for a Prince to fear his Subjects: And they to be at the &s;ame time afraid of him. That the Hou&s;e of God</HI> (the Church) <HI>was to be forthwith reformed, the Army to be di&s;handed, and an A&s;&s;embly of the three E&s;tates called as &s;oon as might be.</HI></P>
<P>The Cardinal of <HI>Lorrain,</HI> was &s;o inraged with <HI>Coligni</HI>'s Speech,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Cardi|nal of <HI>Lorrain</HI> replies to <HI>Coligni.</HI></NOTE> that he made a &s;udden reply to it. <HI>That the whole &s;cope of ill Men was to deprive the King of his mili|tary Guards, that they might the more ea&s;ily oppre&s;s him. That the late Con&s;piracy was again&s;t the King, and not against his Mini&s;ters, as was pretended: That as to what con|cerned Religion, he would &s;ubmit to Learned Men: But then he protested, That no Coun|cils &s;hould be of that Authority with him, as to depart in any thing from the Customs of his Ancestors; and e&s;pecially in the mo&s;t &s;acred My&s;tery of the Lord's Supper: And as to an A&s;&s;embly of the States, he &s;ubmitted that intirely to the King.</HI> He concluded, The Se|ctaries were a Seditious, Proud &s;ort of Men, and that <HI>the Go&s;pel and Faith of Chri&s;t was made an occa&s;ion of Tumults and Seditions by them, and therefore they were to be &s;e|verely pro&s;ecuted.</HI> Yet he was for mitigating the Severity of the Laws towards &s;uch, as met peaceably without Arms, who were to be reduced to their Duty by more gentle Methods, more than by Force. <HI>To which purpo&s;e he would freely &s;pend his Life. That the Bi&s;hops and Curates &s;hould by their pre&s;ence redeem the Time they had lo&s;t,
<PB N="46" REF="24" MS="y">and the Governours of the Provinces be forced to do their Duties. But then, &s;ince there was nothing under Debate, but want of Di&s;cipline, and Corruption of Manners, it &s;eemed very unnece&s;&s;ary, that either a General or a National Council &s;hould be called.</HI> The free Confe&s;&s;ion of this Cardinal, is the Opinion of the whole Party; and though the name of a General Council makes a great noi&s;e, yet we very well know how they have treated the anciente&s;t and be&s;t Councils, when they have in any thing cro&s;&s;ed their Humors or Intere&s;ts, and from thence may conclude, They will never &s;ubmit to any that &s;hall not be conformable to their Wills.</P>
<P>The twenty &s;ixth of <HI>Augu&s;t,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">A Decree pa&s;&s;ed for an A&s;&s;embly of the three E&s;tates, and the &s;u&s;pen&s;i|on of the Laws again&s;t Hereticks. A de&s;ign up|on <HI>Lyons.</HI></NOTE> a Decree was pa&s;t that an A&s;&s;embly of the three E&s;tates &s;hould meet before the tenth of <HI>December,</HI> in the City of <HI>Meaux.</HI> And that if a General Council could not be had, a National Council &s;hould be a&s;&s;embled. And in the mean time all Severities in matters of Religion &s;hould be omitted. <HI>Thus</HI> (&s;aith <HI>Thuanus,</HI> my Author) <HI>the Prote&s;tant Religion, which before was &s;o much hated, began by degrees to grow up and get Strength with the tacit Con&s;ent of its greate&s;t Enemies.</HI> Thus ended the A&s;&s;embly of the Princes, and Notable Men of <HI>France.</HI></P>
<P>About this time <HI>Ferrieres Maligni,</HI> one of the Con&s;pirators of <HI>Amboi&s;e,</HI> e&s;caping out of Pri&s;on, had a De&s;ign to &s;urprize <HI>Lyons,</HI> and had formed &s;o great a Party in the Town, as might have done it, but remitting the execution of his Project to a more convenient time, by order of the King of <HI>Navarr,</HI> the thing was di&s;co|vered, and many of his Partizans taken; but yet &s;uch was the con&s;tancy of the Par|ty, that though many were tortured, yet nothing could be found out to prove the King of <HI>Navarr</HI> or Prince of <HI>Conde</HI> concerned in this Attempt. Yet were they invited to Court by the King, to purge them&s;elves of the Su&s;picion, upon a Pro|mi&s;e they &s;hould receive no Injury: But this they wi&s;ely refu&s;ed as not Rea&s;on|able.</P>
<P>This and &s;everal other &s;uch alarms procured an Edict, <HI>That no Prince or other per&s;on, of what condition &s;oever, &s;hould provide Money, Soldiers, Arms or Hor&s;es; and if any Per&s;on did otherwi&s;e, it &s;hould be taken for High-Trea&s;on.</HI> The Cardinal of <HI>Bour|bon,</HI> was al&s;o imployed to bring the Princes of his Family to Court, by pa&s;&s;ing his Faith to them, That nothing &s;hould be done again&s;t them. The three E&s;tates, in the in|terim, meeting at <HI>Meaux,</HI> were from thence adjourned to <HI>Orleans,</HI> and the Mar&s;hal <HI>de Thermes</HI> was &s;ent to <HI>Poictiers,</HI> with two hundred Hor&s;e, to watch the Motions of the King of <HI>Navar,</HI> if he came to the A&s;&s;embly.</P>
<P>The Prote&s;tants in <HI>France</HI> having obtained a little re&s;pite from the Pre&s;&s;ures of the Per&s;ecution by the late Edicts,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Prote|&s;tants of <HI>France</HI> in|crea&s;e won|derfully, du|ring the Peace. In &s;ome pla|ces they grow in&s;olent.</NOTE> encrea&s;ed, and there were great A&s;&s;emblies of them in all Parts of the Kingdom, e&s;pecially in <HI>Dauphine.</HI> At <HI>Valence,</HI> which was an Univer&s;ity much celebrated for the Study of the Law, the fear of the Laws being now removed, there &s;ucceeded in its &s;tead a lawle&s;s Boldne&s;s and Petulance; &s;o that &s;ome of the Young Students forcibly &s;eized the <HI>Franci&s;can</HI>'s Church, for the holding their A&s;&s;emblies. At <HI>Montelimard,</HI> they had al&s;o their Publick Sermons, and at <HI>Romans:</HI> And which was yet more in&s;ufferable, they met armed, and were very injurious and rude to the Roman Catholick: Which as to <HI>Valence</HI> was &s;oon after revenged with equal Cruelty and perfidy, by one <HI>Maugiron,</HI> who was &s;ent for that purpo&s;e by the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e.</HI> At <HI>Romans</HI> about &s;ixty were taken and committed to Pri&s;on. And at <HI>Montelimard,</HI> the King's Faith was by <HI>Maugiron</HI> pawned and forfeited again; and the Town taken and plundered. The number of the Prote&s;tants encrea&s;ed very greatly al&s;o in <HI>Bretagne</HI> and <HI>Normandy,</HI> and they had their Publick Sermons in many Cities, in tho&s;e Provinces, which were managed with greater Mode&s;ty than tho&s;e in <HI>Dauphine.</HI></P>
<P>Though the <HI>Gui&s;es</HI> had given many Te&s;timonies of their &s;mall regard to their Faith;
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The King of <HI>Navar<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="pdcc" EXTENT="1 letter"></HI> and Prince of <HI>Conde</HI> promi&s;e to come to the A&s;&s;embly of the States. The Arch|bi&s;hop of <HI>Vienne</HI> dies.</NOTE> yet the King of <HI>Navarr,</HI> and Prince of <HI>Conde,</HI> had now pa&s;&s;ed their Pro|mi&s;e to the Cardinal of <HI>Bourbon,</HI> That they would pre&s;ent them&s;elves in the next Convention of the States; and that Cardinal had given the King A&s;&s;urance of it, being then at <HI>Paris;</HI> and the King of <HI>Navarr</HI> was already on the Road. The Arch|bi&s;hop of <HI>Vienne</HI> falling &s;ick about this time, by a Letter &s;ignified to the Dutche&s;s of <HI>Monpen&s;ier,</HI> his great Confident, <HI>That he certainly knew, That if the King of</HI> Navarr <HI>and the Prince of</HI> Conde <HI>came to Court, they would be committed to Pri&s;on; and that</HI> Bourbon <HI>would not be able to make good his Promi&s;e to them, who was only imployed to deceive his Brothers. That</HI> Montmorancy <HI>was laid at too, and one</HI> la Sague, <HI>a Villain, had been examined against him, and had confe&s;&s;ed a Treaty with the Queen of</HI> England; <HI>That &s;o &s;oon as the War in</HI> Scotland <HI>was ended, the Soldiers would be imployed in</HI> France. Soon after, this venerable Prelate died of Grief and Vexation. He was a learned
<PB N="47" REF="24">and an hone&s;t Man, not infected with the Lepro&s;ie of Flattery;
<MILESTONE N="1560" UNIT="year"> and therefore not very grateful to the Court: And being extremely de&s;irous of a Reformation, was &s;u&s;pected to be a <HI>Lutheran.</HI></P>
<P>The eighteenth of <HI>October,</HI> the King entred <HI>Orleans,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The States meet at <HI>Orle|ans.</HI></NOTE> attended by a terrible Guard of Soldiers; which made that City more like a Garri&s;on than the &s;eat of an A&s;&s;em|bly of the States. <HI>Navarr</HI> arrived the thirtieth of the &s;ame Month, with a &s;mall Retinue and unarmed; and quickly found how little the <HI>Gui&s;es</HI> did regard their Faith or Promi&s;e, by the little Re&s;pect was &s;hewn to him and his Brother, at his Entry, and in their fir&s;t appearance before the King:
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Navarr</HI> and <HI>Conde</HI> &s;ecured</NOTE> And <HI>Conde</HI> was pre&s;ently committed to Pri&s;on, <HI>declaiming again&s;t the breach of Faith, made by the King and the</HI> Gui&s;es, <HI>and the Credulity of his Brother, the Cardinal of</HI> Bourbon, <HI>which had betrayed the whole Family into their Enemies Hands.</HI> The King of <HI>Navarr</HI> &s;eem|ed to have more Liberty, but was under the re&s;traint of a Guard; deprived of the Attendance of his own Servants, and watched by Men, who had order to ob&s;erve his Looks and Motions; and his Secretary and all his Letters were &s;eized. The thirteenth of <HI>November</HI> the Prince of <HI>Conde</HI> was examined by the Chancellor and others, in Pri&s;on: Who told them, It belonged not to them to try or examine the Princes of the Blood, but to the Parliament of <HI>Paris</HI> and the Peers of <HI>France,</HI> and the whole Body of the States. <HI>Bourdin</HI> the Attorney General, at la&s;t told him, That if he declined the Judgment of the&s;e Delegates, he &s;hould be taken for con|vict, and Sentence accordingly pronounced again&s;t him, as guilty of High Trea&s;on, and the Witne&s;s &s;hould be examined el&s;ewhere. Perceiving by this the head-long|ha&s;t of the <HI>Gui&s;es,</HI> his Lady delivered a Petition to the King, for learned Council, which was granted him: But his Servants were taken from him, and he was denied a Conference with his Brother of <HI>Navarr</HI> and the Cardinal, though he de&s;ired &s;ome of the Kings Mini&s;ters might be pre&s;ent. The&s;e Hard&s;hips created him much Com|pa&s;&s;ion in the Minds of Men, and they thought he was hardly u&s;ed, which made his Enemies yet more hated. They on the other hand de&s;pi&s;ed the Thoughts of Men, and bent all their Thoughts how they might de&s;troy the King of <HI>Navarr,</HI> for they thought they were &s;ecure of <HI>Conde.</HI> Among other ways, they intended to have a&s;|&s;a&s;&s;inated him in the King's Chamber; of which an account was given him by &s;ome of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> his Creatures. Upon which he re&s;olved to draw his Sword and dye fight|ing, if he were thus attacked; and de&s;ired an old Friend to take care to pre&s;erve his Bloody Cloaths, and &s;hew them to his Son. When he had thus done, he went un&s;ent for into the King's Chamber, and taking the King by the Hand, &s;o by his Looks prevailed upon him, that his Heart failed him, and he either repented, or dur&s;t not proceed in this De&s;ign. Queen <HI>Catharine</HI> was already weary of the In&s;o|lence of the <HI>Gui&s;es,</HI> and de&s;irous to &s;ave the Hou&s;e of <HI>Bourbon</HI> as a Curb upon them; to this purpo&s;e &s;he gave order to the Chancellor, to put what Rubs he could in their way. The <HI>Gui&s;es,</HI> in the mean time, ha&s;tned the Tryal of <HI>Conde,</HI> as much as was po&s;&s;ible, e&s;teeming all Delays dangerous to them.</P>
<P>The &s;ixteenth of <HI>November,</HI> the King being abroad to hunt,
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Francis</HI> II dies.</NOTE> was taken extream ill, which cau&s;ed <HI>Montmorency</HI> to make the more ha&s;te to Court. The twenty &s;ixth of that Month the Kings Di&s;ea&s;e grew very great and hopele&s;s: This turn|ed the Rage and Fury of the <HI>Gui&s;es</HI> into Fear and Con&s;ternation, when they con|&s;idered what they &s;hould lo&s;e in the Death of that Prince. Thereupon they be|gan to work upon Queen <HI>Catharine,</HI> by other Methods, to flatter and crouch to her, and to repre&s;ent the King of <HI>Navarr</HI> and Prince of <HI>Conde,</HI> as exa&s;perated to that height by their late Sufferings, that without doubt they would &s;eek her Ruine; but they for their Parts would &s;tand by her, and &s;erve her with great Fidelity. They de&s;ired therefore <HI>Navarr</HI> might be committed as well as his Brother had been, before the King dyed. The Chancellor prevented this by &s;hewing, in a grave Oration, That it would certainly involve <HI>France</HI> in a Civil War. The fifth of <HI>December</HI> the King dyed, having lived &s;eventeen years and ten Months, and reigned one Year, five Months and twenty Days. His Youth, and the &s;hort|ne&s;s of his Reign, makes it uncertain whether he ought to be ranged with the Good or Bad Princes; and the more, becau&s;e not he but the <HI>Gui&s;es</HI> go|verned.</P>
<P>This Accident changed the &s;tate of things, and &s;aved the Life of <HI>Conde,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Charles</HI> IX &s;ucceeds.</NOTE> or rather the Hou&s;e of <HI>Bourbon: Charles</HI> IX, his Brother, &s;ucceeded him; and <HI>Navarr</HI> of a Pri&s;oner, became the &s;econd Per&s;on in that Kingdom, Queen <HI>Ca|tharine</HI> having adju&s;ted all things with him before the late King died. She
<PB N="48" REF="25">&s;ent Letters al&s;o to <HI>Montmorency,</HI> who was not yet arrived at <HI>Orleans,</HI> to ha&s;ten his coming to the new King, becau&s;e &s;he was de&s;irous to u&s;e his Coun&s;el and Advice. When he came to <HI>Orleans,</HI> he asked the Centinels, By who&s;e Orders they were placed there, and for what End, and commanded them to be gone, or he would hang them? The Guards pre&s;ently di&s;appeared, and then it was vi&s;ible that the <HI>Gui&s;es</HI> and not the King needed them.</P>
<P>Though <HI>Conde</HI> was freed the &s;ame moment the King died,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Prince of <HI>Conde</HI> fre'd.</NOTE> yet he would not go out of his Pri&s;on till he knew his Accu&s;ers and Pro&s;ecutors; to which the <HI>Gui&s;es</HI> replyed; It was by the late King's Order, and would explain the My|&s;tery no further. About twelve Days after, he went to the Ca&s;tle of <HI>Hane,</HI> in <HI>Picardy,</HI> and there attended the Orders of the new King. <HI>Francis</HI> the Second was buried with &s;mall State and le&s;s Expence, to the great hatred of the <HI>Gui&s;es;</HI> who in the mean time were very bu&s;ie to revive the Differences between Queen <HI>Catharine</HI> and the King of <HI>Navarr,</HI> who wi&s;ely prevented their De&s;ign, by offer|ing the fir&s;t Place to the Queen, and re&s;erving the &s;econd to him&s;elf, as Pre&s;i|dent of the Kingdom. This pa&s;&s;ed into a Decree the twenty fir&s;t of <HI>Decem|ber.</HI></P>
<P>The Prote&s;tant Religion,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Prote|&s;tant Religion breaks out in the <HI>Nether|lands.</HI></NOTE> which had got &s;uch footing in <HI>France,</HI> that it &s;eem|ed not po&s;&s;ible to root it out, without the Ruine of that Kingdom, began this Year to &s;hew it &s;elf more openly in <HI>Flanders</HI> and the <HI>Netherlands,</HI> the Nobility e&s;pou&s;ing it in great numbers together, with the re&s;t of the States. Nor could <HI>Margaret</HI> their Governe&s;s, under King <HI>Philip,</HI> obtain the continuance of the Taxes for the maintenance of the <HI>Spani&s;h</HI> Forces: Nor would they of <HI>Zealand</HI> acquie&s;ce, tho the Pay was &s;ent from other Places, till the&s;e Troops were &s;ent into <HI>Spain:</HI> Nor would they grant any Supplies to be di&s;po&s;ed of by the Governe&s;s, but re&s;erved that to them&s;elves, that the Soldiers in the Frontier Towns might be certainly and regularly paid. This was vigorou&s;ly oppo&s;ed by the new Bi&s;hops, in&s;tituted by <HI>Paul</HI> IV, as tending to the remitting the Reins of the <HI>Eccle&s;ia&s;tical Government,</HI> as well as the Civil.</P>
<P><HI>Bartholomeo Caranza,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Archbi|&s;hop of <HI>Tole|do</HI> &s;u&s;pected to be a <HI>Luthe|ran.</HI></NOTE> Archbi&s;hop of <HI>Toledo</HI> in <HI>Spain,</HI> was al&s;o &s;u&s;pected to incline to the Prote&s;tant Religion, and on that account was impri&s;oned by the Inqui&s;ition, and his Revenues were brought into the King's Trea&s;ure. By an Appeal to <HI>Rome</HI> he &s;aved his Life; but was never able to recover his See again, but died many Years after at <HI>Rome,</HI> in a Private State. <HI>Thuanus</HI> &s;aith, He knew him; and that his Learning, Integrity, and the Holi|ne&s;s of his Conver&s;ation was &s;uch as made him worthy of that Digni|ty.</P>
<P>The great Progre&s;s of the Prote&s;tant Religion in all Places,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">A General Council de&s;i|red by many, and oppo&s;ed by the Pope.</NOTE> made all Good Men (&s;aith <HI>Thuanus</HI>) de&s;ire that the General Council, which had been intermit|ted, might be rea&s;&s;umed and carried on; but Pope <HI>Pius</HI> IV had the &s;ame Fears of it his Predece&s;&s;ors had; le&s;t his own Power &s;hould be abated. And there|fore though he judged this the only means to root out Here&s;ies, and very ne|ce&s;&s;ary; yet he delayed it, and unle&s;s he were compelled by Force, or &s;ome pre|&s;ent Danger, it was apparent he would never admit it. But having re&s;olved, on the other &s;ide, right or wrong, by Force or Fraud to accompli&s;h his own De&s;ires; and hoping to reap great Advantages from the Ruine of the <HI>Caraffa</HI>'s, though he had been much a&s;&s;i&s;ted by them in the obtaining of the Papacy; he applied him&s;elf to this with great Application and Indu&s;try,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">But pro&s;e|cutes the <HI>Ca|raffa</HI>'s to ruine.</NOTE> and under the Mask of Friend&s;hip. And having laid his Plot, he committed <HI>Charles Caraffa</HI> the Cardinal, and his Kin&s;man, the Cardinal of <HI>Naples,</HI> to the Ca&s;tle of S. <HI>Angelo.</HI> But <HI>Anthony</HI> Marque&s;s <HI>de Monte Bello,</HI> being then not at <HI>Rome,</HI> though cited al&s;o, e&s;caped the Danger and fled for his Life. Though daily Accounts came to <HI>Rome</HI> of the Tumults and Di&s;orders of <HI>France,</HI> the Pope took no notice of them. Though the Duke of <HI>Florence,</HI> who was great with him (for he pretend|ed to be de&s;cended of that Family) did very much urge his Holine&s;s to con|&s;ider the State of Affairs in <HI>France</HI> and <HI>Scotland:</HI> And told him, It was Unchari|table to &s;ee &s;o many thou&s;ands of Souls Lo&s;t; and Impolitick, to nece&s;&s;itate Prin|ces, by the de&s;pair of a General Council, to betake them&s;elves to National Sy|nods. This was much inforced by the Noi&s;e, the Speech of the Chancellor of <HI>France</HI> had made in the late A&s;&s;embly, which was then very hot in <HI>Italy.</HI> He had, among other things, a&s;&s;ured the <HI>French</HI> Clergy, That if the Pope would not hold a General, there &s;hould very &s;peedily be a National Council a&s;&s;embled in <HI>France;</HI>
<PB N="49" REF="25" MS="y">and had exhorted all the Bi&s;hops to prepare them&s;elves for it. To this the Pope an&s;wered with great anxiety, &s;eeking Pretences of Delay, and pretending he was going to <HI>Ancona,</HI> and that by the way he would &s;peak with the Duke of <HI>Florence,</HI> who was a wi&s;e Prince, and his Kin&s;man, and regulate that Affair by his Ad|vice.</P>
<P><HI>Co&s;<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="pdcc" EXTENT="1 letter">us</HI> Duke of <HI>Florence,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Duke of <HI>Florence</HI> come to <HI>Rome.</HI></NOTE> perceiving that this Journey of the Pope to <HI>Ancona</HI> was a Sham, and being invited by the Pope to <HI>Rome,</HI> re&s;olved to go thither, to promote this and &s;ome other Private Bu&s;ine&s;s he had with the Pope. Before this, King <HI>Philip</HI> having heard of the National Council, de&s;igned in <HI>France,</HI> had &s;ent <HI>Anthony de Toledo</HI> to advi&s;e the King and Council in this, and lay before them the inevitable Danger of a Schi&s;m, which would follow upon it. On the other &s;ide, <HI>Ferdinand</HI> the Emperour in&s;i&s;ted, That &s;eeing the Council was begun on the account of the <HI>Germans,</HI> it &s;hould be renewed in <HI>Germany,</HI> and all that was already determined, &s;hould be re-debated anew. Others thought it rea&s;on|able, That &s;eeing the <HI>French</HI> were now equally concerned with the <HI>Germans,</HI> the Council &s;hould be a&s;&s;embled in &s;ome City in the Confines of <HI>France</HI> and the Empire, as at <HI>Con&s;tance;</HI> or if the <HI>Germans</HI> would agree to it, at <HI>Be|&s;anzon.</HI> The Pope was rather inclined to have it at <HI>Trent,</HI> or rather to bring it deeper into <HI>Italy,</HI> and had &s;ome Thoughts of <HI>Vercelli,</HI> a City in the Borders of <HI>France;</HI> though he could not yet re&s;olve certainly to hold it any where; for he (good Man) was more de&s;irous that <HI>Geneva,</HI> which had much infected <HI>France</HI> and <HI>Germany,</HI> &s;hould be reduced by a War, than that the Controver|&s;ies of Religion &s;hould be committed to the peaceable Determination of a Coun|cil. And to that end he had per&s;uaded the Duke of <HI>Savoy</HI> to make a War upon the <HI>Vaudois</HI> his Subjects. Whil&s;t the Pope was in this incertainty, in <HI>October</HI> the Duke of <HI>Florence</HI> came to <HI>Rome;</HI> and per&s;uaded the Pope by his Arguments to re&s;olve on the calling of a Council the next Year, that he might provide a General Remedy for a General Di&s;ea&s;e: He &s;hewed him, That there was no Danger &s;uch a Council would pa&s;s any &s;evere Sentence on the Manners and Abu&s;es of the Court of <HI>Rome:</HI> And that it was fit he &s;hould de&s;ire the Di&s;cipline and Corrupt Manners of the Church of <HI>Rome</HI> &s;hould be reformed: That he ought &s;incerely to promote it,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">His Argu|ments for a General Council,</NOTE> and cau&s;e &s;elect Divines to be a&s;&s;embled out of all Chri&s;tian Kingdoms, and to hear them favourably; that &s;o the Peace of Chri&s;tendom might be re&s;tored, which was now torn in Pieces by Diver&s;ity of Opinions. About the &s;ame time the Death of <HI>Francis</HI> II, the Advancement of the King of <HI>Navarr,</HI> and the great Kindne&s;s Queen <HI>Catharine,</HI> on his account &s;hewed to the <HI>Prote&s;tants,</HI> very much terrified the Pope; and compelled him to entertain the Thoughts of a Council, in good earne&s;t, which till then had been talked of with no great &s;incerity.</P>
<P>The Pope thereupon &s;ent <HI>Lawrence Lenzi,</HI> Bi&s;hop of <HI>Firmo,</HI> to King <HI>Philip;
<NOTE PLACE="marg">With other concurrent Accidents, at la&s;t prevail'd.</NOTE> John Manriquez</HI> to the Duke of <HI>Florence,</HI> and <HI>Angelo Guicciardin</HI> to the Queen of <HI>France;</HI> who was to condole the Death of her Son, to comfort her, and to entreat her to undertake the Protection of the Religion &s;he was brought up in; and that &s;he would not open a Door to the growing Schi&s;m, nor &s;eek any Remedy for the Di&s;orders of <HI>France</HI> from any but the Church of <HI>Rome:</HI> And to a&s;&s;ure her,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Pope's Amba&s;&s;adors to thee Chri|&s;tian Princes.</NOTE> That in a &s;hort time all their De&s;ires &s;hould be gratified by the Calling of a Ge|neral Council; and therefore they prayed her to take Care, That the flouri&s;h|ing Kingdom of <HI>France</HI> might not make a Defection from the Ancient Religion, during her Government, nor any Prejudices be rai&s;ed again&s;t the Remedies which might ju&s;tly be expected from it.</P>
<P>The Pope at the &s;ame time appointed <HI>Hercules Gonzaga, Hierome Seripand,</HI> and <HI>Stani&s;laws Ho&s;io,</HI> three of his Cardinals, to be his Legates in the Council; and &s;ent <HI>Zachary Delfino</HI> Bi&s;hop of <HI>Zant,</HI> and <HI>Francis Commendone,</HI> into <HI>Ger|many,</HI> to invite the Prote&s;tant Princes to it. <HI>Canobbio</HI> was &s;ent into <HI>Poland</HI> on the &s;ame Errant; and had Orders to go on into <HI>Ru&s;&s;ia,</HI> to exhort that Prince, who was of the <HI>Greek</HI> Communion, to &s;end his Bi&s;hops and Divines to the Coun|cil; but there being a War between the <HI>Ru&s;s</HI> and <HI>Poles</HI> at this time, this Journey was prevented.</P>
<P>The Twenty ninth of <HI>September</HI> this Year, died <HI>Gu&s;tavus</HI> King of <HI>Sweden,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Gu&s;tavus</HI> King of <HI>Sweden</HI> dies.</NOTE> which was the Founder of the Line which now reigns in that Kingdom; he was &s;ucceeded by <HI>Eriek</HI> his elde&s;t Son. This Prince reigned Thirty eight Years with great Prudence and Commendation, being only noted for a little too great Severity in his Taxes, which was nece&s;&s;ary in a Prince that was to Found a
<PB N="50" REF="26" MS="y">Family; but he was otherwi&s;e a Prince of great Vertues, and the Reformer of the Church of <HI>Sweden.</HI> The &s;ame Year died <HI>Philip</HI> Duke of the hither <HI>Pomerania,</HI> and <HI>Albert</HI> Count of <HI>Mansfield,</HI> a great Favourer of the Reformation; he died the Fifth of <HI>March,</HI> in the Seventieth year of his Age, and Sixtieth of his Government. The &s;ame Year died the Cardinal <HI>du Bellay,</HI> the Great Patron of <HI>John Sleidan,</HI> a Per&s;on of great Merit, and employed by <HI>Francis</HI> I, in many Emba&s;&s;ies: He was a great and hearty De&s;irer of the Reformation of the Church, and without all doubt &s;hew'd our Author the right way to it, though he mi&s;s'd it him&s;elf. The Nineteenth of <HI>April</HI> died al&s;o <HI>Philip Melancthon</HI> at <HI>Wittemberg:</HI> He was born at <HI>Brett,</HI> a Town in the Palatinate of the <HI>Rhine,</HI> and was the great Companion and Friend of <HI>Martin Luther,</HI> but was more moderate, and a great hater of Conten|tions and Di&s;putes, and a lover of Peace: By which Vertues he won the Love and Re&s;pects of both Parties in tho&s;e trouble&s;om days; on which account he was &s;ent for into <HI>France</HI> by <HI>Francis</HI> I.</P>
<P>The Celebration of the States of <HI>France</HI> was inter<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="pdcc" EXTENT="3 letters">tted by the &s;udden Death of <HI>Fracis</HI> II. But there being great Di&s;contents at the numerous A&s;&s;emblies of the Prote&s;tants in many Places, which were now openly held; the finding out a Remedy for this, ha&s;tned the opening that Convention. The Thirteenth of <HI>December</HI> was appointed for that Purpo&s;e, and the Chancellor began the Affair with an Elegant and Pious Di&s;cour&s;e. In which having &s;hewn the U&s;e of the&s;e A&s;&s;emblies, and exhorted all degrees to Peace and Concord, and &s;hewn 'em the common Cau&s;es of Sedition and Rebellion, he tells them, <Q>That in their times, a new Cau&s;e, that of <HI>Religion,</HI> had been added to all the former; As if (&s;aith he) <HI>Religion</HI> could or ought to be the cau&s;e of a Civil War, which is the greate&s;t Mi&s;chief that can befall a Kingdom, and contains all others in it. But then God is not the Author of Di&s;&s;ention, but of Peace; and other Religions, becau&s;e fal&s;e, may be founded and pre&s;erved by Force and Fraud; but the Chri&s;tian Religion, which is the only true, is only to be e&s;tabli&s;hed by Patience, Ju&s;tice, Prayers and Tears: The ancient Chri&s;tians accordingly cho&s;e rather to be Kill'd than to Kill, and Signed the Truth of their Religion with their Bloods: And yet it cannot be denied but that a fal&s;e Religion is a very powerful Exciter of the Minds of Men, and &s;urmounts all other Pa&s;&s;ions, and unites Men more &s;trongly than any other thing; &s;o that we mu&s;t confe&s;s that Kingdoms are divided in effect more by their Religions, than by their Bounds; and therefore it daily happens, that tho&s;e that are po&s;&s;e&s;s'd by an Opinion of Religion, have little regard to their Prince, their Country, Wives and Children; and from hence &s;prings Rebellions, Di&s;&s;entions and Revolts. And in the &s;ame Hou&s;e, if they are divided in Religion, the Husband cannot agree with the Wife and Children, nor one Brother with another. That therefore a Remedy might be had for &s;o great a Calamity, it had been decreed at <HI>Fountain-bleau,</HI> That there was need of a Council, and the Pope having &s;ince declared there &s;hould &s;uddenly be one, that Men ought not in the mean time to hammer ont for them&s;elves new Religions, Rites and Ceremonies, according to their own Fancies. For this would not only endanger the publick Peace, but the Salvation of their Souls too. That if the Pope and the Council fail'd, the King would take the &s;ame Care his An|ce&s;tors had, and provide for the Peace and Welfare of his Kingdom: That it was to be hoped the Bi&s;hops would for the future exerci&s;e their Functions with greater Care and Diligence: That the Cure might come from that Fountain which had cau&s;ed the Di&s;temper: That they ought to arm them&s;elves with Ver|tues, Good Manners, and the Word of God, which are the Arms of Suppli|cants, and then go out to War again&s;t our Enemies, and not imitate unskilful Captains, who disfurni&s;h their Walls to make an Irruption. The Di&s;cour&s;e of one that lives well, is very per&s;ua&s;ive, but the Sword has no other power over the Soul than to de&s;troy it with the Body. Our Ance&s;tors overcame their Sectaries with their Piety, and we ought to imitate them if we would not be thought rather to hate the Men than their Vices. Let us therefore, &s;aid he, pray daily for them, that they may be reduced from their Errors, and di&s;charg|ing the hateful Names of <HI>Lutherans, Huguenots</HI> and <HI>Papi&s;ts,</HI> which were intro|duced by the Enemy of Mankind, and are too like the ancient Factions of <HI>Guelfs</HI> and <HI>Gibellins,</HI> let us only retain the Ancient Appellation of <HI>Chri&s;tians.</HI> But then, becau&s;e there are many who only pretend Religion, but are in Truth led by Ambition, Avarice and Novelty, it is fit to &s;uppre&s;s the&s;e Men in the
<PB N="51" REF="26">very beginning: The&s;e are the Men that ought to be kept under by the Force of Arms.</Q></P>
<P>When the States came to debate,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">A Difficulty propo&s;ed.</NOTE> the <HI>Clergy</HI> and the <HI>Commons</HI> were of Opini|on, That their Powers were determined by the Death of the late King; and that they ought to return Home: Which was over-ruled by the King of <HI>Navar</HI> and the Council; And they were ordered to proceed; becau&s;e by the Law of <HI>France</HI> the King never dies; but the Lawful Succe&s;&s;ion is tran&s;mitted without any inter|ruption. The Cardinal of <HI>Lorraine</HI> had de&s;ign'd in the former Reign to make a Speech in the Name of the three E&s;tates; which was then not oppo&s;ed, but now the Commons would not &s;uffer it, becau&s;e contrary to the Ancient U&s;age: And for that they had &s;ome things to object again&s;t the Cardinal him|&s;elf.</P>
<P><HI>Jean l' Ange,</HI> an Advocate of the Parliament of <HI>Bourdeaux,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Deputy of the Com|mons &s;peaks again&s;t the Clergy.</NOTE> &s;poke for the Com|mons, and remarked three great Faults in the Clergy, <HI>Ignorance, Covetou&s;|ne&s;s</HI> and <HI>Exce&s;&s;ive Luxury,</HI> which had given Being to the new Errors, and Scandal to the People. That the Preaching of the Word of God, which was the chief cau&s;e of the in&s;tituting Bi&s;hops, was totally neglected; and they thought it a &s;hameful thing, and beneath their Dignity: And by their Example, the Cu|rates had learned to neglect their Duty too, and had ordered the Ma&s;s to be &s;ung by Illiterate and Unworthy <HI>Stipendaries.</HI> That the exce&s;&s;ive Pomp and Ava|rice of the Clergy (who pretended by it to promote the Glory of God) had rai&s;ed an Envy and an hatred of them in the Minds of the People. And there|fore he de&s;ired that a Council might be a&s;&s;embled, by the order of the King, to re|medy the&s;e Mi&s;chiefs.</P>
<P>After him <HI>James de Silty Comte de Roquefort,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">And is &s;e|conded by the Deputy of the Nobility.</NOTE> made a Bold and an Elegant Oration in the Name of the Nobility, and taxed the Clergy for invading the Rights, and oppre&s;&s;ing the People, under Pretence of the Juri&s;dictions granted them by the Ancient Kings of <HI>France.</HI> That therefore the King ought, in the fir&s;t place to take care to reform the Clergy, and a&s;&s;ign good Pen&s;ions to tho&s;e that Preached the Word of God, as had been done by many of his Ance&s;tors, which he named.</P>
<P><HI>Jean Quintin le Bourguinon,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Clergy apologize for them|&s;elves.</NOTE> made a long tedious Speech in the behalf of the Cler|gy, to &s;hew; I. That the A&s;&s;embly of the three E&s;tates were in&s;tituted for the providing for the Sacred Di&s;cipline. II. That the King might under&s;tand the Complaints of his People, and provide for the Nece&s;&s;ities of his King|dom, by their Advice, and not for the Reformation of the Church, <HI>Which could not Err, and which neither hath, nor ever &s;hall have the lea&s;t Spot or Wrinkle, but &s;hall ever be Beautiful:</HI> But then he ingenuou&s;ly confe&s;t, That the <HI>Sacred Di&s;cip|line</HI> was very much declined from its Ancient Simplicity. That therefore the Re|vivers of the the Ancient Here&s;ies were not to be heard; and all that had Meetings &s;eparate from the Catholicks, were to be e&s;teemed Favourers of <HI>Sectaries,</HI> and to be puni&s;hed. Therefore he de&s;ired the King to compel all his Subjects, within his Dominions, to Live and Believe according to the Form pre&s;cribed by the Church. That the In&s;olence of the Sectaries was no longer to be endured, who de&s;pi&s;ing the Authority of the Ancients, and the Doctrine received by the Church, would be thought alone to under&s;tand and imbrace the Go&s;pel. That this was the next &s;tep to a Rebellion, and that they would &s;hortly &s;hake off the Yoak of the Civil Magi|&s;trate, and with the &s;ame Boldne&s;s fight again&s;t their Prince, that they now im|ployed again&s;t the Church, if Care were not &s;peedily taken. He de&s;ired that all Commerce between them and the Catholicks might be forbidden, and that they might be treated like Enemies, and that tho&s;e who were gone out of the Kingdom on the account of Religion, might be bani&s;hed. That it was the King's Duty to draw the Civil Sword, and put all tho&s;e to Death, who were infected with Here&s;ie; to defend the Clergy, and re&s;tore the Elections of Bi&s;hops to the Chapters, the want of which had cau&s;ed great Damages to the Church. That it had been ob|&s;erved, That the very Year the Pope granted the King the Nomination of Bi&s;hops, this Schi&s;m began, and has ever &s;ince &s;pread it &s;elf; for in the 1517, <HI>Luther, Zuin|glius</HI> and <HI>Oecolampadius</HI> &s;et up, and <HI>Calvin</HI> followed them. This Speech incen&s;ed the whole A&s;&s;embly again&s;t him, and e&s;pecially the Prote&s;tants, who publi&s;hed &s;o many Libels and Satyrs again&s;t him, that he &s;oon after died of Shame and Grief. He was no ill Man, but was a better <HI>Decretali&s;t</HI> than a Divine; and had never well thought whether a Reformation were needfull or no, But then it ought al&s;o to have
<PB N="52" REF="27" MS="y">been con&s;idered that he did not &s;peak his own Single judgment, but had his matter pre&s;cribed him by the Clergy for whom he &s;poke.</P>
<P>After &s;ome days, the King Signified to the Bi&s;hops, that they &s;hould prepare them&s;elves for the Council, which was now recall'd at <HI>Trent;</HI> and the Judges and Prefects were commanded to di&s;charge all that were Impri&s;on'd for Religion only, and leave all that were &s;u&s;pected, the free injoyment of their E&s;tates and Goods; And it was made Capital to reproach, or injure one the other, on the Account of Religion. After which the A&s;&s;emly was <HI>Prorogued</HI> to the Month of <HI>May,</HI> of the next Year.</P>
<P>There was in <HI>Piedmont,</HI> a Valley called by the Name of <HI>Pero&s;ia,</HI> and St. <HI>Martin;</HI> Inhabited by about 15000 Souls, who&s;e Ance&s;tors about 400 Years &s;ince had upon the Preaching of <HI>Waldus,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Per&s;ecu|tion in <HI>Pied|mont,</HI> which Occa&s;ioneth a War.</NOTE> Speronus</HI> and <HI>Arnaldus,</HI> made a defection from the Church of <HI>Rome,</HI> and had at times been &s;everely treated for it, by the French, under whom they had been; but by the la&s;t Treaty were a&s;&s;igned to the Duke of <HI>Savoy.</HI> This People about the Year 1555, had imbraced the Reformation, and had &s;uffered it to be publickly preached, tho it was forbidden by the Council at <HI>Turin,</HI> which the Year following &s;ent one of its own Members, to inquire after the Offenders and to puni&s;h them; to whom the Inhabitants of this Valley delivered the Confe&s;&s;ion of their Faith; <Q>Declaring that they profe&s;s'd the Doctrin contained in the Old and New Te&s;tament, and comprehended in the Apo&s;tles Creed; and admitted the Sacraments In&s;tituted by Chri&s;t; the IV fir&s;t Councils, <HI>viz.</HI> tho&s;e of <HI>Nice, Con|&s;tantinople, Ephe&s;us,</HI> and <HI>Chalcedon;</HI> and the Ten Commandments &amp;c. That they believed the Supreme civil Magi&s;trates were In&s;tituted by God, and they were to be obeyed, and that who &s;oever re&s;i&s;ted them, &s;ought again&s;t God. They &s;aid they had received this Doctrin from their Ance&s;tors, and that if they were in any error they were ready to receive in&s;truction from the Word of God, and would pre|&s;ently renounce any heretical or erroneous Doctrin which &s;hould be &s;o &s;hewen to them.</Q></P>
<P>Thereupon a Solemn Di&s;pute was in &s;hew, appointed concerning the Sacrifice of the Ma&s;s, Auricular Confe&s;&s;ion, Tradition, Prayers and Oblations for the Dead, and the Ceremonies of the Church and her Cen&s;ures; all which were rejected by them, they alledging that they were humane Inventions, and contrary to the Word of God. This Confe&s;&s;ion was &s;ent by the Duke of <HI>Savoy</HI> to the King of <HI>France,</HI> who about a year after return'd An&s;wer, That he had cau&s;ed it to be Examin'd by his lear|ned Divines; who had all condemn'd it as Erroneous and contrary to true Re|ligion; and therefore the King commanded them to reject this Confe&s;&s;ion and to Submit to the Holy Church of Rome; and if they did not do &s;o, their Per&s;ons and E&s;tates &s;hould be Confi&s;cated. But they on the contrary were re&s;olved to &s;tand by their former Confe&s;&s;ion. They were thereupon commanded not to admit any Teacher who was not &s;ent by the Archbi&s;hop of <HI>Turin,</HI> or the Council there; and that if any Teachers came among them from <HI>Geneva</HI> they &s;hould di&s;cover or ap|prehend them, upon pain of Death, and lo&s;s of all they had. For three years af|ter this, the people of this Per&s;wa&s;ion were let alone and no way mole&s;ted; but this Year the Duke of <HI>Savoy,</HI> much again&s;t his will and Inclination, was drawn by the Pope to make a War upon them. In the begining of <HI>March, Jean de Carquignau,</HI> and one <HI>Mathurim</HI> and his Wife were taken and burnt; and &s;everal of the Neighbour Valleys were Plundred, &s;everal of the Inhabitants were put to death; and about Sixty &s;ent to the Gallies, and &s;ome recanted and profe&s;s'd the Roman Catholick Reli|gion. After this one <HI>Thomas Jacomel</HI> a <HI>Dominican,</HI> was &s;ent with one <HI>Turbis</HI> for his A&s;&s;i&s;tant, who was a bloody man, to inquire diligently and &s;everely into all that were &s;u&s;pected; but the Nobility interpo&s;ing, there was no great Severity &s;hewn. The Monks of the Abbey of <HI>Pignoral,</HI> which was &s;eated in the Entry of the Valley, on the other &s;ide, kept a parcel of Souldiers in Pay; and trapping as many of the&s;e Poor Peo|ple as they could, as they pa&s;&s;ed to and fro, they u&s;ed them very cruelly; and &s;ome others of the Nobility did the &s;ame thing; and a Sedition following upon it, they fin|ed the poor Inhabitants One Thou&s;and &s;ix Hundred Crowns. Upon this a &s;harp war in&s;ued, which ended in the Ruine of the Aggre&s;&s;ors of the Church of <HI>Rome.</HI></P>
<P>The Pa&s;tor al&s;o of <HI>Pero&s;ia,</HI> was taken and burnt with a &s;low, Fire with many of his Flock, and the Inhabitants were &s;poiled of all they had, and forced to flee to the Mountains. Being thus inraged with hard U&s;ages, in the Month of <HI>July,</HI> Fifty of them &s;et upon One Hundred and Twenty Soul|diers belonging to the Abbey of <HI>Pignoral,</HI> put them to flight, and flew the greate&s;t part of them; and about Four Hundred more of their party coming up,
<PB N="53" REF="27" MS="y">they took the Abbey of <HI>Pignoral,</HI> and delivered all their people which were im|pri&s;oned there. In <HI>October</HI> following News being brought that the Duke of <HI>Sa|voy</HI> was &s;ending an Army to de&s;troy them; <HI>They re&s;olved that it was not lawful to take Arms again&s;t their Prince, but that they would take what they could carry away, and betake them&s;elves to the Mountains, and there attend the good plea&s;ure of God, who never for&s;akes his own, and can turn the Hearts of Princes which way he plea&s;eth.</HI> There was not one Man among&s;t them who repined again&s;t this Decree. In after times they had Pa&s;tors who taught them otherwi&s;e, and <HI>told them it was not their Prince, but the Pope that they re&s;i&s;ted, and that they fought not for their Reli|gion, but for their Wives and Children.</HI> The &s;econd of <HI>November</HI> the Forces of the Duke of <HI>Savoy</HI> entered their Borders, and the Soldiers attempting to get above them, they betook them&s;elves to their Slings, and maintained a Fight again&s;t them (though they were but few in number) the &s;pace of a whole day, with no great lo&s;s. At la&s;t the General finding they were not to be forced, gave them leave to Petition the Duke of <HI>Savoy,</HI> <Q>That they might live in Peace, a&s;&s;uring him that nothing but utter ruin coald have forced them to take Arms again&s;t him: for which they humbly implored his Highne&s;s's Pardon, and begging the Liberty of their Con&s;ciences, and that they might not be forced to &s;ubmit to the Traditions of the Church of <HI>Rome;</HI> but might, with his good leave, enjoy the Religion they had learned from their Ance&s;tors.</Q></P>
<P>This Petition was &s;econded by the Duche&s;s of <HI>Savoy,</HI> who was a merciful Prince&s;s, a and had great Power over the Affections of the Duke. It being ever her judgment <HI>that this People were not to be &s;o &s;everely u&s;ed, who had not changed their Religion a few days agon, but had been in Po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ion of it from their Ance&s;tors &s;o many Ages.</HI> Upon this they were to be received to mercy; but the Soldiery fell upon them, when they &s;u&s;pected nothing, and Plundered them three days to|gether. The General &s;eemed to be much concerned at this breach of Faith: yet after this they were fined eight thou&s;and Crowns, which they were forced to borrow on great U&s;ury, and they were al&s;o commanded to bring all their Arms into the Ca&s;tles the Duke had Garri&s;oned in their Country. And at la&s;t they were commanded to eject all their Pa&s;tors (which was granted with the tears of their People) that they might avoid the fury of the Soldiers. The General pretended not to be &s;atisfied that their Pa&s;tors were in good truth gone, and when they &s;uffered them to &s;earch their Hou&s;es, the Soldiers Plundered them again, and then burnt their Town. There was one Town called <HI>Angrogne,</HI> in a Valley of the &s;ame name, the General pretended to &s;hew them more favour, and agreed that they &s;hould have one Pa&s;tor left them: but they forced him al&s;o to flee into the Mountains afterwards, and Plundered his Hou&s;e, and all his Neighbours, and then injoyned the <HI>Sindicks</HI> (who are their chief Magi&s;trates) to find up, and bring in the Pa&s;tor; threatning that otherwi&s;e they would burn and de&s;troy the whole Territory; and when they had &s;o done then they withdrew.</P>
<P>In the mean time their Me&s;&s;engers were gone with the Petition, mentioned above, to the Duke to <HI>Vercelli,</HI> where they attended forty days before they could get Audience, and then they were forced to promi&s;e they would admit the Ma&s;s, and when the Prince had upon the&s;e terms forgiven their taking Arms again&s;t him, they were commanded to ask Pardon too of the Popes <HI>Nuncio,</HI> which at la&s;t they did. During their ab&s;ence, the Inhabitants of <HI>Angrogne</HI> had &s;uffered no Sermons but in private, that they might not exa&s;perate the Prince, or make the Affairs of their Deputies more difficult. But they re&s;olved when the&s;e were re|turned they would exerci&s;e their Religion openly, and not give any thing to the maintaining of the Soldiers, whether their Reque&s;t were granted or denied.</P>
<P>In the beginning of <HI>January</HI> the Deputies returned,
<MILESTONE N="1561" UNIT="year"> and when their Principals under&s;tood what had been done, they wrote to the re&s;t of the Valleys to give them an account of it; and de&s;ired a publick Gon&s;ultation or Diet. At which it was re&s;olved that they &s;hould all joyn in a League to defend their Religion, which they believed was agreeable to the Word of God, profe&s;&s;ing in the mean time to obey their Prince according to the Commandments of God, and that they would for the future make no Agreement, or Peace, but by a common Con&s;ent, in which the freedom of their Religion &s;hould be &s;aved. Upon this they grew more Confident, refu&s;ed the Conditions offered by the Duke of <HI>Savoy,</HI> and the promi&s;es made by their Deputies. And the next day they entered into the Church of <HI>Bobbi,</HI> in Arms, and broke down all the Images and Altars, and after a Sermon,
<PB N="54" REF="28">marching to <HI>Villar,</HI> where they intended to do the like, they met the Soldiers (who had heard what was done) going to Plunder <HI>Bobbi,</HI> &s;topped them, and with their Slings &s;o pelted them, that they were glad to &s;hift for their lives, and left the&s;e Reformers to do the &s;ame thing at <HI>Villar.</HI> The Captain of <HI>Turin</HI> attempting to &s;top this Rage was beaten, and the Dukes Officers were glad to &s;eek to their Pa&s;tors for a Pa&s;port. After this they beat the Captain of <HI>Turin</HI> in a &s;econd Fight. By this time the whole Army drew into the Field, and the Inhabitants of the&s;e Valleys not being able to re&s;i&s;t them, they burnt all their Towns and Hou&s;es, and de&s;troyed all the People they took. In the&s;e Broils <HI>Monteil,</HI> one of the Duke of <HI>Savoy</HI>'s Chief Officers, was &s;lain by a Lad of eighteen years of age; and <HI>Truchet,</HI> another of them, by a Dwarf. The Duke of <HI>Savoy</HI> had &s;ent &s;even thou&s;and Soldiers to de&s;troy this handful of Men; and yet &s;uch was their Rage and De&s;peration, and the Advantage of their Country, that they beat his Soldiers where&s;oever they met them. And in all the&s;e Fights their Enemies ob&s;erved that they had &s;lain only fourteen of the Inhabitants, and thence concluded that God fought for them. So the <HI>Savoyards</HI> began to treat of a Peace, which at la&s;t was concluded to the Advantage of the&s;e poor de&s;picable People. The Duke re|mitting the eight thou&s;and Crowns they were to pay by the former Treaty, and &s;uffering them to enjoy the Liberty of their Religion: <HI>So that he got nothing by this War but lo&s;s and &s;hame, the ruin of his People on both &s;ides, and the de&s;olating of his Country.</HI></P>
</DIV1>
<DIV1 N="3" TYPE="book">
<PB N="55" REF="28">
<HEAD>A CONTINUATION OF THE HISTORY OF THE REFORMATION.</HEAD>
<HEAD TYPE="sub">BOOK III.</HEAD>
<ARGUMENT>
<HEAD>The CONTENTS.</HEAD>
<P><HI>A Per&s;ecution in the</HI> Low-Countries. <HI>The</HI> French <HI>Affairs. Queen</HI> Catharine <HI>favoureth the Prote&s;tants, but ordereth</HI> Montmorency <HI>to oppo&s;e them. She &s;u&s;pects the de&s;igns of the Nobility. The differences of Religion occa&s;ion Tumults in</HI> France. <HI>Various Edicts made. The Cardinal of</HI> Lorrain <HI>procures the Conference of</HI> Poi&s;&s;i. Mary <HI>Queen of the</HI> Scots <HI>leaves</HI> France. <HI>The three E&s;tates of</HI> France <HI>A&s;&s;emble at</HI> Pont-Oy&s;e. <HI>The Conference of</HI> Poi&s;&s;i. <HI>The Rudene&s;s of</HI> Laines, <HI>General of the Je&s;uits. This Conference di&s;liked abroad. The Council of</HI> Trent <HI>recalled. Oppo&s;ed by</HI> Verge|rius. <HI>The Popes Legates &s;ent to Princes to invite them to the Council. A Diet of the Prote&s;tant Princes at</HI> Naumburg. <HI>The Queen of</HI> England <HI>rejects the Council. The Ruin of the</HI> Caraffa's. <HI>The King of</HI> Navarre <HI>drawn over to the</HI> Romi&s;h <HI>Party, by the Arts of the King of</HI> Spain. Scotch <HI>Affairs. The Prote&s;tant Religion &s;etled there by a Parliament. Queen</HI> Mary <HI>Arrives there. Her beginning favourable to the Prote&s;tants. Great kindne&s;s at fir&s;t, in &s;hew, between her and Queen</HI> Eliza|beth. <HI>The</HI> French <HI>Affairs. The Edict of</HI> January, 1562. <HI>Injunctions publi&s;hed by the Queen concerning Images. The King of</HI> Navarre <HI>pretends to promote the Reforma|tion. The Edict of</HI> January <HI>oppo&s;ed by the</HI> Gui&s;es. <HI>The Ma&s;&s;acre of</HI> Va&s;&s;i. <HI>The Duke of</HI> Gui&s;e <HI>entereth Paris. All things in</HI> France <HI>tend to Civil War. The Queen joyns with the</HI> Roman <HI>Catholick Party out of fear.</HI> Orleans <HI>&s;urprized by the Prince of</HI> Conde. <HI>The Ma&s;&s;acre of</HI> Senlis. Roan <HI>taken by the Prote&s;tants. Several Treaties for a Peace. The Siege of</HI> Roan. <HI>The King of</HI> Navarre <HI>&s;hot. His Death and Character. The Prince of</HI> Conde <HI>leaves</HI> Orleans. <HI>Be&s;ieges</HI> Corbeil. <HI>The two Armies come in view. He marches towards</HI> Normandy. <HI>The Battel of</HI> Dreux, <HI>in which</HI> Montmorency <HI>is taken. St.</HI> Andre <HI>&s;lain, and the Prince of</HI> Conde <HI>taken.</HI> Coligni <HI>and the Duke of</HI> Gui&s;e <HI>become Generals. The Pope fondly rejoyces at this Battel. The Siege of</HI> Orleans. <HI>The Duke of</HI> Gui&s;e <HI>A&s;&s;a&s;&s;inated. His Death and Character. The Queen de&s;ires, and at la&s;t makes a Peace, which is di&s;liked by</HI> Coligni.</P>
</ARGUMENT>
<P>THIS Year there began a &s;harp Per&s;ecution again&s;t all that were &s;u&s;pected to favour the Reformation in the <HI>Netherlands,</HI>
<MILESTONE N="1561" UNIT="year"> and for the greater terror they burnt the Hou&s;es of all tho&s;e they Convicted for holding private Meetings. <HI>Perrenot</HI> Bi&s;hop of <HI>Arras,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">A Per&s;ecution in the <HI>Low-Countries.</HI></NOTE> and Cardinal <HI>Gran|vel,</HI> hoping by this means to prevent the &s;preading of a Religion in that Coun|try, which had made &s;uch progre&s;&s;es in <HI>Germany</HI> and <HI>France.</HI> They that imbraced this Religion, were no le&s;s &s;candalized by the multiplying the Bi&s;hopricks, and
<PB N="56" REF="29" MS="y">thereupon drew up a Confe&s;&s;ion of their Faith, to be exhibited to King <HI>Phi|lip,</HI> be&s;eeching him, in the end of it, that he would put a &s;top to the bloody Executions, which de&s;troyed &s;o many of his innocent People. This Confe&s;&s;i|on was the &s;ame in &s;ub&s;tance with that publi&s;hed by the <HI>French</HI> Prote&s;tants; and among&s;t other things, they took particular care to in&s;ert <HI>That the Civil Magi|&s;trate was the Ordinance of God, and therefore was to be obeyed. Their Tributes to be duly paid, and all manner of Re&s;pect and Reverence to be &s;hewed to them; and that Prayers were to be made to God for their pre&s;ervation.</HI></P>
<P>In the month of <HI>February,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The <HI>French</HI> Affair.</NOTE> the new King of <HI>France</HI> left <HI>Orleans,</HI> and went to <HI>Fontainbleau,</HI> where the Prince of <HI>Conde</HI> waited upon him, and being introduced into the Privy Council, asked the Chancellor if there were any Accu&s;ation de|pending again&s;t him, and was told by him and the whole Council, they were intirely &s;atisfied of his innocence, and leave was given him to demand an Ac|quital in the Parliament of <HI>Paris.</HI> And a Decree was made to that purpo&s;e, and Publi&s;hed by the Order of the Council <HI>March</HI> 13. after which he went to <HI>Paris</HI> to pro&s;ecute his Di&s;charge before that Court.</P>
<P>In the mean time Queen <HI>Catharine,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">Queen <HI>Catha|rine</HI> favoureth the Prote|&s;tants.</NOTE> the Regent of <HI>France,</HI> &s;eemed very much to favour the Prote&s;tant Party, and by her Arts and Di&s;&s;imulation, &s;o far prevailed upon the &s;pirit of the King of <HI>Navarre,</HI> who was their Head, that he told the <HI>Dani&s;h</HI> Amba&s;&s;ador, he did not doubt but he &s;hould &s;ee the Reformed Religion &s;ettled in <HI>France</HI> within one year. The Queen, on the other &s;ide, told <HI>Montmorency, That &s;he counived at them for the pre&s;ent, that &s;he might the more ea&s;ily elude the de|&s;igns of the King of</HI> Navarre, <HI>by &s;eeming to comply with him. But then</HI> (&s;he &s;aid) <HI>he and the other great Men of that Kingdom ought to oppo&s;e them, and to complain that the Re|ligion of their Ance&s;tors was every where violated and de&s;pi&s;ed.</HI> She de&s;igned by this, Fir&s;t, To divide the great Men in the Point of Religion. Secondly, To weaken the Intere&s;t of the King of <HI>Navarre.</HI> And thirdly, To pre&s;erve the <HI>Romi&s;h</HI> Religi|on in <HI>France.</HI> But <HI>Montmorency,</HI> who was her In&s;trument, de&s;igned only the la&s;t, yet he was very active in it. The Queen in the interim carried her di&s;&s;imulation &s;o far, that &s;he ordered <HI>Jean de Monluc,</HI> Bi&s;hop of <HI>Valence,</HI> who was a great fa|vourer of the Reformation, and no Enemy to the Prote&s;tants Doctrine, to Preach frequently at Court, and She and the King were &s;ometimes pre&s;ent at his Ser|mons. He would &s;ometimes &s;peak very freely again&s;t the Corruptions that were in the Doctrine and Di&s;cipline of the Church, and obliquely tax the Papal Autho|rity. The favour the Queen &s;hewed to this Bi&s;hop, made <HI>Montmorency</HI> &s;u&s;pect that in her Heart &s;he had a kindne&s;s for the Prote&s;tant Party, and that under|hand &s;he and <HI>Navarre</HI> had one and the &s;ame de&s;ign. And thereupon he de&s;erted her, and joyned with the <HI>Gui&s;es,</HI> his (till then) Mortal Enemies, the Duche&s;s <HI>de Valentois</HI> procuring the Reconciliation. <HI>Magdalen</HI> of <HI>Savoy,</HI> Wife to <HI>Montmorency,</HI> was al&s;o an implacable enemy to the Reformation, and hated <HI>Coligni</HI> the Ad|miral, for that and other cau&s;es, and therefore &s;he perpetually &s;timulated him again&s;t the Prote&s;tants.</P>
<P><Q><HI>Francis Montmorency,</HI><NOTE PLACE="marg">The younger <HI>Montmoren|cy</HI>'s Advice to his Father.</NOTE> Son of the Con&s;table, was a per&s;on of great Prudence, and he wi&s;ely advi&s;ed his Father not to lo&s;e the lea&s;t of his friends in &s;o nece&s;|&s;ary a time (for he fore&s;aw a Tempe&s;t would ari&s;e in <HI>France</HI>) of what Religion &s;oever they were: that it did not become a wi&s;e Man to endeavour to gain new friends with the lo&s;s of his old ones, and to prefer the uncertain friend&s;hip of reconciled enemies before the tried affections of his old Acquaintances. That if he rejected <HI>Conde, Coligni,</HI> and <HI>Rochefoucault,</HI> on the Account of Religion, he would deprive his Family of the affi&s;tance of three great Men, and perhaps the Queen would think never the better of him: therefore his advice to his Fa|ther was to &s;it &s;till, and let <HI>Coligni,</HI> and the <HI>Gui&s;es</HI> fight it out, without taking part on either &s;ide, and in all probability <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> would be wor&s;ted; and he would become the Arbitrator of the two contending Religions. And in the mean time, it was mo&s;t certain, there were many great Errors, by length of time crept in|to the Church, which he ought not to defend, becau&s;e they were injurious to the Maje&s;ty of God.</Q> The good old Gentleman was much moved at this Ad|vice from his Son, but made no other an&s;wer to it, than That <HI>he certainly knew that if the Religion were changed, the Civil Government would be changed too. That he cared not what became of him, if his little Ma&s;ters did well, and the Actions of</HI> Henry II. <HI>might not be called in que&s;tion; who was a wife Prince, and his good Ma&s;ter.</HI> So he peri&s;hed in his fir&s;t re&s;olves, believing he was obliged to defend the Cau&s;e of Re|ligion again&s;t his be&s;t, and mo&s;t ancient, and tried friends.</P>
<PB N="57" REF="29" MS="y">
<P>The Pope &s;eeing his Juri&s;diction and Authority decline &s;o fa&s;t in <HI>Germany,
<MILESTONE N="1560" UNIT="year"> England,</HI> and <HI>France,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The pretend|ed Submi&s;&s;ion of the <HI>Coph|thites.</HI></NOTE> greedily embraced a pretended Overture made by one <HI>Abraham,</HI> a <HI>Syrian</HI> Impo&s;tor, who pretended he was &s;ent by the <HI>Copthites,</HI> an Ea&s;tern Sect of Chri&s;tians, to make a &s;ubmi&s;&s;ion to the Holy See; whereupon he &s;ent <HI>Chri&s;topher Roderick,</HI> and <HI>John Bapti&s;ta Elianus,</HI> two Je&s;uits, to them; who gained nothing by this Mi&s;&s;ion, but an exact Account of the Opinions of the&s;e <HI>Cophthites,</HI> and a certainty of the Frauds of this pretended Amba&s;&s;ador <HI>Abraham,</HI> who had feign'd this Mi&s;&s;ion to the Pope for his own Ends.</P>
<P>This Mortification was &s;oon after attended by another,
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Livonia</HI> falls off from the See of <HI>Rome.</HI></NOTE> not le&s;s afflictive to his <HI>Holine&s;s,</HI> for <HI>Gothard Ketler,</HI> Ma&s;ter of the <HI>Teutonick Order</HI> in <HI>Livonia,</HI> intirely &s;ubmitted to <HI>Sigi&s;mond</HI> King of <HI>Poland,</HI> which put an end to that Order; when it had flouri&s;hed there 357 years. He was thereupon made Duke of <HI>Gurland</HI> and <HI>Semigallen,</HI> and Governor of <HI>Livonia,</HI> and, Marrying a Wife, withdrew him&s;elf and his Subjects from the See of <HI>Rome.</HI> The Archbi&s;hoprick of <HI>Riga</HI> was al&s;o about the &s;ame time changed into a Dukedom, <HI>John Kothewick,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">&lindx; &lindx;</NOTE> the la&s;t Arch|bi&s;hop of that See, embracing the <HI>Augu&s;tane</HI> Confe&s;&s;ion, put him&s;elf under the Protection of the Crown of <HI>Poland,</HI> and was by <HI>Sigi&s;mond</HI> made Duke of <HI>Li|thuania.</HI> This Archbi&s;hoprick was founded in the year 1215, by the procure|ment of the Knights of the <HI>Teutonick Order,</HI> the City being then and a long time after, the Seat of the Ma&s;ter of it, who divided the Sovereignty and Admini|&s;tration of Ju&s;tice with the Archbi&s;hop. After this &s;hort Digre&s;&s;ion, which the Reader is de&s;ired to Pardon, I &s;hall now return to the pro&s;ecution of the <HI>French</HI> Affairs.</P>
<P>The new Friend&s;hip between <HI>Montmorency</HI> and the <HI>Gui&s;es</HI> was a very frightful thing to the <HI>Queen Regent,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Queen &s;u&s;pects the de&s;igns of the Nobility.</NOTE> who &s;ought all the way &s;he could po&s;&s;ible to divide their Affections, for the pre&s;erving her own Authority, and therefore &s;he was very Anxiou&s;ly inqui&s;itive to find, whether this new Kindne&s;s between two &s;uch Ancient Enemies tended. The Prince of <HI>Conde</HI> in the mean time was declared Innocent by the Parliament of <HI>Paris</HI> the Thirteenth of <HI>June,</HI> and his Di&s;charge Recorded. The Differences in Religion not only di&s;quieted the Court,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Differen|ces of Religion occa&s;ion Tu|mults.</NOTE> but the Provinces al&s;o, the two Parties reproaching each other with the Names of <HI>Papi&s;t</HI> and <HI>Huguenot.</HI> There were frequent Tumults rai&s;ed al&s;o by the <HI>Roman Ca|tholicks,</HI> to &s;hew that <HI>Coligni</HI> was out, when he &s;aid, The Prote&s;tant Religion might be divulged throughout all the Provinces without any Di&s;turbance. And at <HI>Amiens</HI> and <HI>Pont-Oi&s;e</HI> things came to a Sedition, the Catholick Artificers be|ginning the Quarrel, and falling upon &s;ome of the Hou&s;es of &s;ome of the Pro|te&s;tants, and they &s;lew one <HI>Hadrian Fourre</HI> a Prie&s;t, becau&s;e he was reported to &s;a|vour the Reformation, and afterwards burnt his Body publickly, for which only two were hanged.
<NOTE PLACE="marg">An Edict to re&s;train them.</NOTE> This nece&s;&s;itated the Council to forbid all Reviling Expre&s;|&s;ions, and all Tumults on the Accounts of Religion; And by it, all that had been bani&s;hed for Religion in the Reign of <HI>Francis</HI> II. were invited to return, and promi&s;ed, they &s;hould enjoy their Goods and E&s;tates, if they would live like good Catholicks for the future, or otherwi&s;e might &s;ell them, and retire el&s;ewhere; which was after oppo&s;ed by the Parliament at <HI>Paris,</HI> but yet many returned on that account, and many that were in Pri&s;on were di&s;charged, &s;o that the Pro|te&s;tant Party appeared numerous. The Cardinal of <HI>Lorrain</HI> was Alarm'd at this, and repre&s;ented to the King and Queen: <HI>That the whole Kingdom was fill'd with</HI> Conventicles; <HI>That the meaner &s;ort ran to the Sermons out of curio&s;ity, and were ea&s;ily corrupted; That the Ancient Ceremonies were little frequented or regarded, and that they were already derided and &s;corn'd by many; That great numbers every day for|&s;ook the Church, and went over to the Prote&s;tants.</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Edict of <HI>July.</HI></NOTE> So he would needs have had a new Edict forthwith publi&s;hed, to prevent the&s;e Inconveniences. This being Debated in the Council in the Month of <HI>July,</HI> there was another Edict publi&s;hed. <HI>That all &s;hould live peaceably, and without any fury each to other, or reproaching one the other; That there be no Li&s;ting or Inrolling Men on either &s;ide; That the Preachers &s;hould u&s;e no Seditious or Turbulent Expre&s;&s;ions upon pain of Death, and the Pre&s;idents of the Provinces &s;hould determine of the&s;e Affairs, and execute the Edict; That no Sermons &s;hould be frequented by Men Armed or Unarmed, in publick or in private, nor any Sa|craments Admini&s;tred, but according to the Rites of the Church of</HI> Rome; <HI>And, That if any Man was Convicted of Herefie, and delivered to the Secular Power, he &s;hould
<PB N="58" REF="30">only be Bani&s;hed; and this was to &s;tand till a General or a National Council &s;hould de|termine otherwi&s;e.</HI> This was called the Edict of <HI>July.</HI></P>
<P>The Cardinal of <HI>Lorrain</HI> had &s;o good an opinion of his own Abilities,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Carelinal of <HI>Lorrain</HI> procures the Conference of <HI>Poi&s;&s;y.</HI></NOTE> that he was fondly per&s;waded, he could confute all the Doctrines of the Prote&s;tants out of the Fathers, and thereby acquire a great Reputation to him&s;elf, if he could pro|cure a Conference with their Pa&s;tors. It was therefore re&s;olved, that there &s;hould be a Meeting for that purpo&s;e at <HI>Poi&s;&s;y</HI> near St. <HI>Germain</HI> the Tenth of <HI>Au|gu&s;t,</HI> and that <HI>Pa&s;ports</HI> &s;hould be granted to their Mini&s;ters which were to come thither on that account. All of both &s;ides being invited thither at the &s;ame time. The Queen Regent was very much for this Di&s;putation, but the greate&s;t part of the <HI>Roman Catholicks</HI> were again&s;t it, as thinking it a dangerous thing to &s;uffer the Doctrine, which had hitherto been received, to be brought under debate, and the Religion of their Ance&s;tors to be di&s;puted.</P>
<P>In the Interim <HI>Mary</HI> Queen of the <HI>Scots</HI> left <HI>France,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Mary</HI> Queen of <HI>Scotland</HI> leaves <HI>France.</HI></NOTE> and return'd into <HI>Scotland,</HI> the Cardinal of <HI>Lorrain</HI> attending her as far as <HI>Calais.</HI> There was al&s;o a Thea|trical Reconciliation between the Prince of <HI>Conde</HI> and the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e,</HI> by the Order of the King; the later prote&s;ting, That he had no hand in the Impri&s;on|ment of the Prince, and the Prince telling <HI>Gui&s;e, That the Advi&s;er and Procurer of his Commitment was a Wicked Man and a Villain;</HI> To which <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> An&s;wered, <HI>That he believed &s;o too, but was not concern'd in it.</HI> After which, by the King's Com|mand, they embraced each other as Kin&s;men and Friends, and promi&s;ed a firm and &s;incere Friend&s;hip each to other, and there was great Rejoycing in the Court. The A&s;&s;embly of the States was Prorogued la&s;t year till <HI>May</HI> of this, and then was, on the account of the great Affairs, prorogued to <HI>Augu&s;t,</HI> and Appointed to be opened at <HI>Pont-Oy&s;e.</HI></P>
<P>In this A&s;&s;embly,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Three E&s;tates of <HI>France</HI> A&s;&s;em|bled at <HI>Pont-Oy&s;e.</HI></NOTE> the Agreement between the Queen Regent and the King of <HI>Navar</HI> was Confirm'd by the three E&s;tates, which was very difficultly obtain'd by the later. This A&s;&s;embly was opened at St. <HI>Germain,</HI> where <HI>James Bretagne d'Autum,</HI> who &s;poke for the Commons, declaiming &s;harply again&s;t the Ignorance of the Prie&s;ts, and the Corrupt Manners and Depraved Di&s;cipline of the Clergy, &s;o that they were unfit to Lead or In&s;truct the People, but rather di&s;gu&s;ted and di&s;plea&s;ed them, doing all things for Hire, and nothing as their Duty, en&s;laving them&s;elves to Plea&s;ures, and wallowing in Luxury and Idlene&s;s. To this he a&s;|&s;igned the Calamities which at pre&s;ent oppre&s;s'd <HI>France.</HI> He therefore moved the King to take away all their Juri&s;diction, that he &s;hould employ their over-great Riches to Pious U&s;es, and call a National Council, which was the only pre&s;ent and certain Cure of tho&s;e Evils; That free Pa&s;ports &s;hould be given to all that would come to it, and, that the King or &s;ome of the Princes of the Blood &s;hould pre&s;ide in it, whil&s;t Bu&s;ine&s;s of Religion was debated; That the late Decree a|gain&s;t Conventicles &s;hould be no prejudice to tho&s;e of the Reformed Religion, who rejected the Ceremonies of the Church of <HI>Rome,</HI> nor any Pre&s;cription as to length of time, <HI>which could not make what in it &s;elf was fal&s;e, true; and the Bu&s;i|ne&s;s of Religion was to be quietly and friendly debated according to the Word of God, and not with the Sword and Reproaches.</HI> He that &s;poke for the Nobility, excu&s;ed the Clergy, and de&s;ired the King to pre&s;erve their Priviledges and Dignities. But then he moved, to have the greate&s;t part of the Church Lands &s;old to pay the Debts of the Crown, pretending, that a third part of the Parcha&s;e Money put out to U&s;e, would be as good to them as the whole Land. That the Edict of <HI>July</HI> might be recall'd, and only multiplicity of Sects, and ill Language, under the pretence of Liberty, prohibited. That a National Council might be call'd, in which the King &s;hould pre&s;ide. That all Juri&s;dictions &s;hould be taken from the Church, and annexed to the Crown. There were al&s;o many other things demanded in this A&s;&s;embly, which tended to the Ruine of the Clergy, the Papal Authority growing into Contempt, and the greate&s;t part, either out of a de&s;ire to promote Piety,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Clergy of <HI>France</HI> give the King Taxes to &s;ave their Revenues and Juri&s;di|ctions.</NOTE> or of Love to Novelty, favouring the Prote&s;tant Party, and daily increa&s;ing their numbers by joyning with them.</P>
<P>The Clergy to prevent this Storm wi&s;ely gave the King four Tenths for &s;ix years, which very much appea&s;ed the King and the Principal Courtiers towards them.
<PB N="59" REF="30">The Queen, by the Advice of <HI>Monluc</HI> Bi&s;hop of <HI>Valence,</HI> wrote about this time a long Letter to the Pope, dated the 5th of <HI>Augu&s;t,</HI> <Q>In which, &s;tating the dan|gers which attended the differences in Religion, &s;he exhorted him to provide &s;peedy Remedies, becau&s;e they were become &s;o numerous,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">&lindx; &lindx;</NOTE> that they could no longer be &s;uppre&s;&s;ed by the Sword; that many of the Principal Nobility and Magi&s;trates embraced that way, and had drawn over &s;uch Numbers, and &s;o united them, that they were become formidable to the State; yet by the Rare Ble&s;&s;ing of Heaven, they had no <HI>Anabapti&s;ts, Libertines, &amp;c.</HI> none that denied the Apo&s;tles Creed, or the Interpretation of it received in the Seven General Councils; That therefore mo&s;t were of opinion, that notwith&s;tanding the&s;e differences, they ought to be received into the Communion of the Church, which would end in the Peace of the Church; That the u&s;e of Images, which was for|bidden by God, and, as to Adoration, di&s;proved by St. <HI>Gregory,</HI> ought to be taken away; That Exorci&s;ms and &s;ome of the Prayers u&s;ed in Bapti&s;m, might be o|mitted; The Lords Supper Admini&s;tred to all the Laity in both Kinds, and the Decree of the Council of <HI>Con&s;tance</HI> ought not to be preferred before the Com|mand of God; That the Prayers might be u&s;ed in the Vulgar Tongue, and all that would Communicate might do &s;o the fir&s;t <HI>Sunday</HI> of every Month; That the <HI>P&s;alms</HI> might be &s;ung in the <HI>French</HI> Tongue; A Publick Confe&s;&s;ion of Sins, Pray|ers for the Prince, the Magi&s;trates, Clergy, Good Weather, Fruitful Sea&s;ons, and all Affliction might be in the &s;ame Tongue; That the late invented Fea&s;t of the Holy Sacrament might be aboli&s;hed, it being unnece&s;&s;ary, and the cau&s;e of great Scandal and Offence; and that this My&s;tery was In&s;tituted for a Spiritual Wor&s;hip, and not for Shew and Pomp; That the u&s;e of the <HI>Latine</HI> Tongue, which was foreign and unknown, was a great fault, the Prayers of the Church belonging not only to the Clergy, but to all; but as now it &s;tands, Who can &s;ay <HI>Amen</HI> to a Prayer in a Language he knows not? That if yet the <HI>Latine</HI> mu&s;t be u&s;ed, it were fit an Interpretation &s;hould be made of the Prayers in the Vulgar Tongue; That the Receiving of the Prie&s;t in the Sacrifice of the Ma&s;s, the People only looking Idely on, is contrary to the In&s;titution; That the <HI>P&s;alms</HI> ought to be in the Vulgar Tongue, and al&s;o the Private Prayers of the People; That the&s;e things might be granted without derogating from the Papal Authority.</Q> The Pope was infinitely offended with this Letter, and the more, becau&s;e of the fame of a National Council &s;hortly to be holden in <HI>France;</HI> but then he di&s;&s;embled his Re&s;entment, and became the more &s;incere in the A&s;&s;em|bling a General Council, which he had rather promi&s;ed than de&s;igned before.</P>
<P>The Conference was to be begun the Fir&s;t of <HI>Augu&s;t</HI> at <HI>Poi&s;&s;y,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Cor&s;e|rence of <HI>Poi&s;&s;y:</HI></NOTE> and the Bi&s;hops and Divines were already arrived there, and had entered into a Debate, what Points were to be Di&s;puted; where they &s;pent the time to no great purpo&s;e, di&s;puting among&s;t them&s;elves concerning the Office of a Bi&s;hop, the Dignity of Cathedral Churches, of Colleges and their Exemptions, of the Ordination of Curates and Prie&s;ts; concerning allowing them Competent Pen&s;ions, abating their number, reforming the Di&s;cipline of the Mona&s;teries, of Commendam's and Benfices, of cutting off the Plea&s;ures and Luxuries of the Clergy, and of Cen&s;ures. And they thought the An&s;wering &s;uch like Queries was of great u&s;e to the Church in the&s;e confu&s;ed times. There appeared for the Prote&s;tants <HI>Augu&s;tin Marlorat,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Prote|&s;tant Mini&s;ters.</NOTE> Francis de S. Pol, Jean Remond Merlin, J. Malo, Francis de Mureaux, N. Tobie, Theodore Beza, Claud Bri&s;&s;on, J. Bouquin, J. Viret, J. de la Tour, Nich. de Crallas,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">Their de|mands.</NOTE> and <HI>John De l'E&s;pine,</HI> who abjuring the Dominican Order did then fir&s;t openly profe&s;s the Prote&s;tant Religion. Soon after <HI>Peter Martyr</HI> came to <HI>Zurich:</HI> The&s;e Asked four things; 1&s;t. That the Bi&s;hops &s;hould be Parties and not Judges; 2d. That the King and Council &s;hould Pre&s;ide; 3d. That all things might be determin'd only by the Word of God; 4th. That whatever was agreed, &s;hould be &s;et down by Notaries. The Queen yielded all the&s;e, but would have one of the Secretaries of State be the only Notary, and &s;he would not con&s;ent that the King &s;hould Pre|&s;ide in the Conference. The Cardinal of <HI>Lorraine</HI> had before objected again&s;t <HI>Beza,</HI> That he &s;hould &s;ay, that Chri&s;t was no more pre&s;ent in the Sacrament, than in a Muddy Ditch. This Expre&s;&s;ion is &s;aid to have been urged by <HI>Melanchthon</HI> again&s;t <HI>Oecelampadins</HI> as the Con&s;equence of his Doctrine, and was by a mi&s;take of the Cardinal wrongfully charged on <HI>Beza,</HI> who denied and dete&s;ted it as Bla&s;|phemous. The Fir&s;t of <HI>September</HI> the Conference began, the King, the Queen,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Confe|rence begun</NOTE> his Younger Brother, and Si&s;ter, and about Eleven Bi&s;hops being pre&s;ent, and the Cardinals of <HI>Bourhon, T<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="pdcc" EXTENT="1 letter">urnen, Che&s;tillon, Lorrain, Armagnac,</HI> and <HI>Gui&s;e.</HI> The King opened it with a &s;hort Speech, which was &s;econded by the <HI>Chancellor</HI> with a
<PB N="60" REF="31" MS="y">longer. <Q>In which he preferr'd a National Council before a General, and &s;hewed that the Errours of many General Councils had been corrected by National Sy|nods,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Chancel|lor's Speech.</NOTE> particularly the <HI>Arrian</HI> General Council of <HI>Ariminium</HI> was condemn'd by a Private Council held by St. <HI>Hillary Bi&s;hop of Poictiers,</HI> and bani&s;hed out of <HI>France.</HI> He &s;aid, they neither needed much Learning nor many Books, the <HI>Bible</HI> alone being &s;ufficient by which Religion was to be Tried and Examined. That the Prote&s;tants were their Brethren, and to be treated as &s;uch; if out of Am|bition or Avarice they did otherwi&s;e, God would judge and condemn them, and their Decrees would be rejected. That they ought to Amend and give God Thanks for any Errour that was di&s;covered, and if they did not, God would Puni&s;h them.</Q></P>
<P>After him, the Cardinal of <HI>Tournon</HI> &s;poke, and Thanked the King, Queen and Princes for being pre&s;ent, and approved highly of what the Chancellor had &s;aid, but defired a Copy of it, which the Chancellor refu&s;ed, though it was &s;econded by the Cardinal of <HI>Lorrain,</HI> becau&s;e he perceived they craftily de&s;igned to mi&s;chief him by it.
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Beza</HI> &s;peaks.</NOTE> <HI>Theodore Beza,</HI> being next commanded to &s;peak, fell upon his Knees, and after a Prayer, and reciting his Faith, complained to God, that they had been injuriou&s;ly treated as Enemies of the Publick Peace. Then he &s;hewed, where|in they agreed with the Church of <HI>Rome,</HI> and wherein they differed, and di&s;|cour&s;ed of the way of attaining Salvation, of Faith, Good Works, the Word of God, the Authority of the Councils and Fathers, of the Sacraments, and of their u&s;e and true Interpretation; of Tran&s;ub&s;tantiation and Con&s;ub&s;tantiation, and la&s;tly, of the Eccle&s;ia&s;tical Order and Di&s;cipline, and obedience to Princes; he was &s;o long and &s;o &s;harp in &s;ome of the&s;e things, that they had &s;carce patience to hear him out, and the Cardinal of <HI>Tournon</HI> pre&s;ently replied with a Voice trem|bling for Rage;
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Tournon</HI> re|plies with rage.</NOTE> <Q>That he and the other Prelates had done violence to their Con|&s;ciences by conde&s;cending to this Conference in compliance with his Maje&s;ties Commands, by hearing the&s;e new Evangeli&s;ts. That he fore&s;aw, if they were heard, many things would be &s;poken by them injurious to the Maje&s;ty of God, which would offend the Ears of the King, and of all good Men. And there|fore he be&s;eeched his Maje&s;ty not to believe what was &s;aid, That if he could have prevented it the King &s;hould not have been pre&s;ent, but, however, he de&s;ired he would not &s;uffer his Mind to be pre-ingaged in their fal&s;e Opinions, but to &s;u&s;|pend till the Bi&s;hops had An&s;wered it, and the King and the re&s;t there pre&s;ent &s;hould know the difference between Fal&s;ehood and Truth. He Asked a Day to An&s;wer in, and prayed the King that he would per&s;evere in the Religion of his Ance&s;tors. La&s;tly, he added, that, but for the re&s;pect they bore to the King, the Bi&s;hops would have ari&s;en and put a &s;top to tho&s;e horrible and abominable Words.</Q>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Queens An&s;wer.</NOTE> The Queen calmly &s;aid, &s;he had done the thing without the Advice of the Parliament of <HI>Paris,</HI> the Princes, and Privy Council; That no change was de&s;igned, but that the Di&s;turbances of <HI>France</HI> might be appea&s;ed, and Men friend|ly brought from their Errors into the Old Way, which belonged to them to effect.</P>
<P>The fir&s;t Di&s;pute was,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Points debated.</NOTE> about the <HI>Lords Supper;</HI> The &s;econd, which was the 17th of <HI>Augu&s;t,</HI> was about the Church, which, the Cardinal of <HI>Lorrain</HI> &s;aid, could not Err, That if any particular Church did, Recour&s;e was to be had to the Head, the Church of <HI>Rome,</HI> and the Decrees of a General Council, and the Concurrent Opinions of the Ancient Fathers; and before all, to the <HI>Sacred Scriptures</HI> ex|plain'd by the Right Sen&s;e and Interpretation of the Church. As to the <HI>Lord's Supper,</HI> in effect, he &s;aid, That if the <HI>Prote&s;tants</HI> would not embrace their Opini|ons, there was no hope of an Agreement. The Cardinal of <HI>Tournon</HI> thereupon applauded his Harangue, and &s;aid, he was ready to lay down his Life for this Faith, intreating the King to continue &s;tedfa&s;t in it, and was contented (Good Man!) that if the Prote&s;tants would &s;ub&s;cribe the&s;e two Points, they &s;hould be admitted to di&s;pute all the re&s;t; but if they refu&s;ed this, all hearing was to be denied them, and they were to be expell'd out of his Dominions. <HI>Beza</HI> de&s;ired to An&s;wer him Extempore, but the King delayed the An&s;wer to the next day.</P>
<P>Upon a Petition, the Mini&s;ters were heard at la&s;t again the 24th of <HI>September</HI> before the Queen only; when <HI>Beza</HI> di&s;cour&s;ed of the Church and its Notes, which, he &s;aid, were the Preaching of the Word, and a Pure Admini&s;tration of the Sa|craments. As for the Succe&s;&s;ion of Per&s;ons and Doctrines, it had been often in|terrupted; He di&s;cour&s;ed of the Ordinary and Extraordinary Vocation, of the Univer&s;al Church and her Authority, of Councils, which he affirm'd had, and
<PB N="61" REF="31">might err, of the Dignity of Scripture, and whether the Scriptures were to be preferr'd before the Church, or did borrow their Authority from the Church. <HI>Claud d' E&s;pence,</HI> a learned Man,
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Claud d' E&s;|pence</HI> oppo&s;eth <HI>Beza.</HI></NOTE> who de&s;ired very much the Church might regain her former Peace, being Commanded by the Cardinal of <HI>Lorrain,</HI> to an&s;wer <HI>Beza,</HI> began with a Declaration, that he had a long time wi&s;hed, that there might have been Conferences, and &s;aid, he had ever abhorred tho&s;e Bloody Proceedings which had been u&s;ed again&s;t tho&s;e mi&s;erable Men. Then he &s;aid,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Ordina|tion of the Pro|te&s;tant Mini|&s;ters Que|&s;ti'd.</NOTE> he wondered by what Authority the Prote&s;tants took upon them the Office of the Mini&s;tery, and by whom they were Ordain'd and In&s;tituted; and that &s;eeing they had received Impo&s;ition of hands from no body, how could they be accounted lawful Mini&s;ters; for it was manife&s;t, they had no Ordinary call: And they mu&s;t prove an Extraordinary Vo|cation by Miracles, which they had not. And thence he concluded, they never came into the Church, either by an Ordinary or an Extraordinary call. As to <HI>Tra|ditions,</HI> if any Controver&s;ie aro&s;e about the Sen&s;e of Scriptures, which could not be otherwi&s;e adju&s;ted, they mu&s;t of nece&s;&s;ity have recour&s;e to the Fathers, who had their Authority from their lawful and ordinary Call or Succe&s;&s;ion, be|cau&s;e upon them the Guifts of the Spirit were be&s;towed: As it was written of the <HI>Levites,</HI> who&s;e An&s;wers were not to be que&s;tion'd. That many things were &s;etled by Traditions, which were not written in the Scriptures. As, that the Father was not begotten; That the Son was of the &s;ame Sub&s;tance with the Father; That Infants were to be Baptized; That the Ble&s;&s;ed Virgin continued a Virgin after &s;he brought forth; That the Decrees of General Councils &s;hould be valid, and that they cannot err in Matters of Faith; and that it cannot be &s;hewn, that any of the later Councils have corrected the former.</P>
<P><HI>Beza</HI> replied,
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Beza</HI> Replie<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="pdcc" EXTENT="1 letter">.</NOTE> that the Impo&s;ition of hands was no nece&s;&s;ary note of a lawful Call, The two principal were, a due Inquiry into the Doctrine and Manners of the Per&s;on, and an Election of them to the Mini&s;tery. That they were not to expect Impo&s;ition of hands from the Bi&s;hops who oppo&s;ed the Truth, and per&s;ecuted tho&s;e that Preached it. And that Miracles were not always nece&s;&s;ary to an extraordinary Call, which he endeavoured to prove by <HI>I&s;aiah, Daniel, Amos, Za|chariah,</HI> and St. <HI>Paul.</HI> In the next congre&s;s, <HI>Beza</HI> &s;poke much about the Calling of the Prote&s;tant Mini&s;ters, but in &s;uch a manner as tended more to the exa&s;pe|rating of the Prelates, than the appea&s;ing them; &s;o that the&s;e two days were &s;pent in mere &s;quabble, without order, and to no purpo&s;e.</P>
<P>There was then in <HI>France John Laines,</HI> a Spaniard, General of the Je&s;uits,
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Laines</HI> Gene|ral of the Je|&s;uits his Rude|ne&s;s in the Conference.</NOTE> who came thither with <HI>Hippolito d' E&s;te</HI> Cardinal of <HI>Ferrara,</HI> &s;ent by Pope <HI>Pius</HI> IV. as Le|gate to the King. This <HI>Laines,</HI> being pre&s;ent this day at the Conference, call'd the Prote&s;tant Mini&s;ters <HI>Monkeys, Foxes,</HI> and <HI>Mon&s;ters;</HI> and &s;aid, they were to be turn'd over to the Council call'd by the Pope: Then he fell upon the Queen, for medling in things that did not belong to her, but to the Pope, Cardinals, and Bi&s;hops; and he &s;aid, it was not lawful, whil'&s;t a General Council was in being, for the Queen to appoint by her private Authority a Conference here. The Queen was much enraged at the In&s;olence of this Man, but, out of Reverence to the Legate, &s;uppre&s;s'd her re&s;entment; after this Day there were no more Publick Conferences, but they Drew out three of a Side, and endeavoured to form &s;uch an Expo&s;ition of the Lord's Supper as both Parties might agree in, which in the End proved impo&s;&s;ible to be done, and &s;o the Conference of <HI>Poi&s;&s;i</HI> ended, which was the fir&s;t Liberty that was granted to di&s;pute the E&s;tabli&s;hed Religion in <HI>France;</HI> and was blamed by &s;ome as a thing of ill Example, and approved by others as the only means left to prevent the Storm which hung over their heads. But it had not that effect, &s;o the Mini&s;ters, and e&s;pecially <HI>Beza,</HI> (who was invited by the Queen) were honourably di&s;mi&s;s'd.</P>
<P>The Fame of this Conference being diffu&s;ed through <HI>Italy</HI> and <HI>Spain, Philip</HI> the Second was &s;trangely &s;urprized at it; &s;o the Queen &s;ent <HI>Jacques de Monbron,</HI>
<NOTE N="*" PLACE="marg">In the Hi&s;to|ry of the Coun|cil of <HI>Trent,</HI> call'd <HI>Jaques de Montbrun.</HI></NOTE> a Per&s;on of good Birth and Repute to excu&s;e it. That Prince would hardly be in|duced to hear the rea&s;on of it, and turning him over to the Duke <HI>de Alva,</HI> he blamed their fearfulne&s;s, and advi&s;ed them to return to the &s;ame Severities which had been u&s;ed in the Reigns of <HI>Henry</HI> II. and <HI>Francis</HI> II. promi&s;ing his Ma&s;ters A&s;&s;i&s;tance for the Extirpation of the Prote&s;tants. Adding, <HI>That the King had been &s;clicited to it by the Catholick Nobility and People of</HI> France, <HI>and that he could not neglect their Peti|tion, but he must be wanting to him&s;elf; That he did not fear &s;uch vain reproaches, as that with foreign Forces he invaded what was anothers; becau&s;e in this Cau&s;e the Spani&s;h Forces were no foreigners, when the Religion of their Ance&s;tors was at the &s;take.</HI> By this
<PB N="62" REF="32" MS="y">it appeared to the Court of <HI>France,</HI> That there was a Corre&s;pondence between their Catholicks and the <HI>Spaniards,</HI> and one <HI>Arthur De&s;ier,</HI> a Prie&s;t, was taken much about this time near <HI>Orleans,</HI> going into <HI>Spain</HI> with a Letter from &s;ome great Men to King <HI>Philip,</HI> to per&s;uade him to undertake the Protection of their Infant King, and of the Catholick Religion, which was in great danger to be ruin'd; for which he was ordered to do Penance by the Parliament of <HI>Paris,</HI> and committed to the Carthu&s;ian Monks to be kept a Pri&s;oner for ever; but afterwards he made his E&s;cape. This Sentence was pronounced again&s;t him the 14^t^h of <HI>July.</HI></P>
<P>In the End of this Year,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">A Popi&s;h Po|&s;ition gives great Offence in <HI>France.</HI></NOTE> one <HI>Jean Tanquerel,</HI> a young Divine, propo&s;ed as his The&s;is in a Di&s;putation, <HI>That the Pope as Chri&s;t's only Vicar and the Monarch of the Church, can by his Spiritual and Secular Power, command all faithful Princes as his Sub|jects; and if they di&s;obey his Precepts, deprive them of their Dignities and Kingdoms;</HI> which being complain'd off to the King, the Chancellor &s;ent a Commi&s;&s;ion to in|quire into it, and <HI>Tanquerel</HI> being fled, it was ordered, that the Parritor of the Theological Faculty &s;hould make a Recantation of it in his Name in the School of the <HI>Sorbonne,</HI> before the Dean, and all the Fellows and Students of that Facul|ty, in the Pre&s;ence of the Pre&s;ident of the Parliament of <HI>Paris,</HI> the King's Coun|&s;el and Solicitor, and for the future, the Parliament forbad all &s;uch que&s;tions to be given. And ordered the <HI>Sorbonne</HI> to &s;end two of their Fellows to beg the King's Pardon. This Decree pa&s;&s;ed the 2^d of <HI>December,</HI> and was put in Execution ten days after.</P>
<P>The Pope had till now dreaded a General Council,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Council of <HI>Trent</HI> re|call'd.</NOTE> as tending to the abatement of his Power, and on that &s;core had delayed it till <HI>Co&s;mus</HI> Duke of <HI>Florence,</HI> and the fear of a National Council in <HI>France,</HI> prevail'd upon him to rea&s;&s;ume that which was began by <HI>Paul</HI> III. continued by <HI>Julius</HI> III. and was at la&s;t interrupted by the Commotions of <HI>Germany:</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Pope's Bull.</NOTE> In order to this, the 19^t^h of <HI>November</HI> 1559. he Pub|li&s;hed a Bull for the recalling this Council to <HI>Trent</HI> at the Fea&s;t of <HI>Ea&s;ter</HI> of this Year, vehemently Exhorting all Patriarchs, Archbi&s;hops, Bi&s;hops and Abbats, and all others who had the Right or Privilege to Sit and Vote in a General Council by common right, or any Privilege or Ancient Cu&s;tom; that at that Day they would be pre&s;ent in the &s;aid Council: He al&s;o Admoni&s;hed the Emperor Elect, and all other Chri&s;tian Kings and Princes, that if they could not be per&s;onally pre&s;ent, they &s;hould &s;end their Amba&s;&s;adors thither; affirming beforehand, that he de&s;igned nothing by this Council but the Glory of God, the Reduction and Salvation of the &s;cattered Sheep, and the la&s;ting Peace of Chri&s;tendom. There was &s;oon af|ter a &s;harp Invective Printed at <HI>Ausburg</HI> by <HI>Paulus Vergerius</HI> Bi&s;hop of <HI>Cabo di I&s;tria</HI> in <HI>Friule,</HI><NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Vergerius</HI> op|po&s;eth the Council.</NOTE> who was a Cardinal, and had been imployed by &s;everal of the preceding Popes in great Amba&s;&s;ies, and had lately left that Church, and betaken him&s;elf to the Prote&s;tants of <HI>Germany.</HI> <Q>In it he &s;et forth the Pride, Pomp, Luxury, Ambition, Bribery, and corrupt Manners of the Court of <HI>Rome.</HI> which he vow'd he well knew, and from his heart dete&s;ted. That the Council was not call'd by the Pope, to e&s;tabli&s;h the Doctrine of Chri&s;t, but tho&s;e Human Inventions which they had brought in contrary to the Commandments of God, not to Purge God's <HI>fold,</HI> but to di&s;&s;eminate their inveterate Errors, not to re&s;tore Chri&s;tian Liberty, but to introduce a mi&s;erable Servitude and Oppre&s;&s;ion on the Souls of Men; none but the Bi&s;hops and Abbats, who &s;hould take an Oath pre&s;cribed by the Roman Ceremonial, <HI>Lib.</HI> 1. <HI>c.</HI> III. &sect;. XIV. being permitted to &s;it there: That all the inferior Clergy, and &s;ecular Princes had only a right to come, be in&s;tructed, but not to deliberate or vote, by which it mu&s;t needs come to pa&s;s that not only all tho&s;e who had &s;eparated from that Church on the account of her gro&s;s Errors would not be heard; which was promi&s;ed at fir&s;t by <HI>Paul</HI> III. but that al&s;o many of the mo&s;t Skilful and mo&s;t Learned Doctors of that Church would be excluded from giving any Vote; and all Liberty, in which only there was any hope of re&s;toring the Peace of the Church, would be taken away, and a Door opened to let in a Schi&s;m which would never have an end.</Q></P>
<P>The Pope,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">Amba&s;&s;adors &s;ent to the Prote&s;tant Princes to in|vite them to the Council.</NOTE> perceiving that this Complaint would irritate the Minds of the <HI>Ger|man</HI> Princes, for who&s;e &s;ake the Council was fir&s;t Indicted, &s;ent Amba&s;&s;adors to them; <HI>Zachariah Delfino</HI> Bi&s;hop of <HI>Faro,</HI> and <HI>John Francis Comendon</HI> Bi&s;hop of <HI>Zant,</HI> being by his order directed to all the Princes with Letters of Credence. They went, fir&s;t to <HI>Ferdinand</HI> the Emperor, who was then at <HI>Vienna;</HI> from thence, they went by his Advice, to meet all the Princes of the <HI>Augu&s;tane Confe&s;&s;ion,</HI> who were then A&s;&s;embled at <HI>Naumberg</HI> upon the River <HI>Saole</HI> in <HI>Saxony:</HI> whom they were to treat very gently and mode&s;tly, &s;tudying to avoid whatever might give occa&s;ion of
<PB N="63" REF="32" MS="y">Exa&s;peration or Offence, by the Coun&s;el of this great and excellent Prince; he telling them, this was the ea&s;ie&s;t way to do their Bu&s;ine&s;s, and to get a Po&s;itive An&s;wer. He al&s;o reminded them of the Conditions upon which the Prote&s;tant Princes had in the la&s;t Dyet declared, they would con&s;ent to the Council of <HI>Trent.</HI> That if they hap'ned to be mentioned, the Amba&s;&s;adors might not be de&s;titute of an An&s;wer. He al&s;o &s;ent Three Amba&s;&s;adors of his own with them, 1. <HI>Otho</HI> Count of <HI>Eber&s;tin.</HI> 2. <HI>Felix Bogi&s;laus,</HI> Baron of <HI>Ha&s;&s;en&s;tein;</HI> And 3. <HI>Chri&s;topher Meela,</HI> Vice-Chamberlain of <HI>Bobemia.</HI> The&s;e being admitted the day after their Arrival at <HI>Naumburg,</HI> into the A&s;&s;embly of the Princes, exhorted them to be pre|&s;ent in the Council to be &s;hortly holden at <HI>Trent,</HI> that an end might &s;o be put to the lamentable Differences of Religion, and the Calamities of <HI>Germany.</HI> When they had deliberated on the Propo&s;al, they return'd this An&s;wer,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">Their An&s;wer to the Empe|ror.</NOTE> <Q>That they were very Thankful to the Emperour for his Care of, and Love to the Empire. As to the Council, they did not refu&s;e a Free, General, and truly Chri&s;tian Council, in which, not the Pope, but the Word of God &s;hould &s;it as Judge, the Oath of the Bi&s;hops being di&s;charged, and a Liberty allowed to tho&s;e of the <HI>Augu&s;tane Confe&s;&s;ion</HI> to Vote: But on the contrary, they perceived the Pope pretended to continue the Council of <HI>Trent,</HI> and only to allow tho&s;e Bi&s;hops to Vote, who were Sworn to him, again&s;t which they had already Prote&s;ted in many <HI>Dyets</HI> of the Empire: They concluded with a Promi&s;e of a more parti|ticular An&s;wer when they had con&s;ulted the Princes a&s;&s;embled at <HI>Newburg,</HI> they having as yet no In&s;tructions concerning this Point, from them, or their Depu|ties. And in the mean time, they prayed the Emperour that he would pre&s;erve inviolably the League of <HI>Pa&s;&s;am,</HI> and the Peace of Religion.</Q></P>
<P>After this, both the Pope's Legates were heard one after another,
<MILESTONE N="1561" UNIT="year"> who &s;aid very much in Commendation of <HI>Pius</HI> IV. his great Care of Religion,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Pope's Legates Ad|mitted.</NOTE> and good Affe|ction towards them: That to this end, he had recall'd the Council to <HI>Trent,</HI> for the <HI>Extirpation of Here&s;ie</HI> and <HI>Sects;</HI> in which he promi&s;ed all things &s;hould be tran|&s;acted with Chri&s;tian Charity, and Brotherly Affection, and all &s;hould be fully and &s;weetly heard, and Determinations made, and Suffrages given, with the ut|mo&s;t freedom and liberty. Therefore they exhorted them to &s;end Amba&s;&s;adors with Plenary In&s;tructions, and lend their A&s;&s;i&s;tance to the bringing &s;o commenda|ble a De&s;ign to its de&s;ired end; which was, the re&s;toring Peace to Chri&s;tendom. They delivered al&s;o the Pope's Letters to the &s;everal and re&s;pective Prote&s;tant Princes, which being Super&s;cribed with the word <HI>Son,</HI> were all return'd Seal'd, to the Legates. The la&s;t day of the Meeting, the Electors, and other Princes, in the Morning return'd an An&s;wer to the Pope's Legates.
<NOTE PLACE="marg">Their An&s;wer to the Legates.</NOTE> That they did not ac|knowledge the Popels Juri&s;diction; nor think them&s;elves bound to give him any account what they intended in the Bu&s;ine&s;s of the Council, the Calling and hold|ing of which belonged not to him; but they had fully declared their Minds to <HI>Ferdinand,</HI> the Emperour, their gracious Lord. That as for them, (the Legates,) they e&s;teemed them for their Noble Birth, and great Learning, and &s;hould have &s;hewn them greater re&s;pects, if they had not come on the Pope's Errand. Being thus di&s;mi&s;&s;ed, they went to <HI>Lubeck,</HI> and &s;ent to <HI>Frederick</HI> King of <HI>Denmark</HI> for leave to come to him; but had for an An&s;wer, <HI>That neither he, nor his Father, had never had any Bu&s;ine&s;s with the Pope, nor did he de&s;ire now to know their Errand.</HI> And <HI>Martinego,</HI> who was &s;ent to Queen <HI>Elizabeth</HI> of <HI>England,</HI> was forbidden to come over.</P>
<P>To give the Reader a certain and clear knowledge of this Meeting at <HI>Naum|burg.</HI> The 13th of <HI>January, Fredcrick</HI> the <HI>Elector Palatine,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The occa&s;ions of the meeting at <HI>Naumburg.</HI></NOTE> Augu&s;tus</HI> Duke of <HI>Saxo|ny</HI> and <HI>Elector, Jo. Frederick</HI> of <HI>Saxony, Wolfang,</HI> of the <HI>Palatine Family, Erne&s;t</HI> and <HI>Philip</HI> Dukes of <HI>Brun&s;wick, Ulrick</HI> Duke of <HI>Meckleburg, Chri&s;topher</HI> Duke of <HI>Wir|temburg, Charles</HI> Marquis of <HI>Baden, Erne&s;t</HI> Prince of <HI>Henneberg;</HI> and the Amba&s;&s;a|dors of <HI>Joachim</HI> Duke and Elector of <HI>Brandenburg,</HI> and of <HI>John</HI> and <HI>George Fredi|rick</HI> of that Family, of <HI>Philip</HI> Landtgrave of <HI>He&s;&s;e,</HI> and of <HI>Barnim</HI> and <HI>Jo. Fre|derick</HI> Dukes of <HI>Pomerania,</HI> upon the report of a <HI>Council</HI> &s;uddenly to be a&s;&s;embled, met at <HI>Naumburg,</HI> to which Place the King of <HI>Denmark,</HI> and the Princes of <HI>Lunen|burg,</HI> &s;ent only Letters of Friend&s;hip, to a&s;&s;ure tho&s;e that met, that they would &s;tand by them. The de&s;ign of it was, to put an end to tho&s;e Controver&s;ies which had ari&s;en among&s;t the Prote&s;tants them&s;elves, to renew their Sub&s;criptions to the <HI>Augu&s;tane Confe&s;&s;ion,</HI> to con&s;ider, and by mutual Con&s;ent to re&s;olve, whether they &s;hould go to the Council, or refu&s;e it. They had great Controver&s;ies among&s;t them&s;elves a|bout the various Editions of the <HI>Augu&s;tane Confe&s;&s;ion,</HI> which had been explained,
<PB N="64" REF="33">enlarged, and as to the Expre&s;&s;ions very often changed, and the Elector of <HI>Saxony</HI> was for the retaining the fir&s;t Edition, and putting the <HI>Smalcaldick</HI> Articles, by way of Preface to it; but the re&s;t not con&s;enting to it, he left <HI>Naumburg,</HI> and return'd. When they came to con&s;ider the Council of <HI>Trent,</HI> they were no le&s;s divided in that too: Some were for an ab&s;olute rejection of it, others were for the &s;ending Amba&s;&s;adors from the &s;everal States, who &s;hould propo&s;e the giving an Account of their Faith in a free and truly Chri&s;tian Synod; and enter a great Complaint again&s;t the Pope and Court of <HI>Rome,</HI> make their Exceptions to the Council on the account of the Su&s;pition of the Judges, the perver&s;e Method or Order of Proceedings, and the Inconvenience of the Place, this they conceived would mitigate the Envy had been rai&s;ed again&s;t them, and &s;hew, that their Ene|mies, and not they, were the ob&s;tructers of Concord and Union. After this they &s;ent Deputies to the Duke of <HI>Saxony,</HI> deploring his departure before the End of the Conference, and giving him an Account of the Form of Confe&s;&s;ion they had Agreed to Sub&s;cribe, and de&s;iring him that he would al&s;o &s;ub&s;cribe it, or at lea&s;t re&s;train his Divines from traducing and defaming it, as they had before done by &s;ome things agreed at <HI>Frankford.</HI> Soon after <HI>Augu&s;tus</HI> Duke of <HI>Saxony</HI> Married <HI>Anne</HI> Daughter of <HI>Morice</HI> of the Family of <HI>Na&s;&s;aw,</HI> and Brother to <HI>William</HI> Prince of <HI>Orange.</HI></P>
<P><HI>Jerolamus Martinego,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> reject the Council.</NOTE> who was &s;ent to Treat with Queen <HI>Elizabeth</HI> for the &s;ame end as I have &s;aid already, came into <HI>Flanders,</HI> and from thence, according to the ancient Cu&s;tom, &s;ent for Leave to come into <HI>England,</HI> but was denied it, the Council of <HI>England</HI> not thinking it fit to admit a <HI>Nuncio</HI> from the Pope, when there were &s;o many <HI>Roman</HI> Catholicks in the Nation, who, being brought up in that Religion, would be apt upon &s;uch an Encouragement, to Imbroil our Affairs at home and abroad. The Bi&s;hop of <HI>Viterbo,</HI> the Popes Legate at <HI>Paris,</HI> there|upon began to Treat with <HI>Throcmorton</HI> our Amba&s;&s;ador in that Court; That Queen <HI>Elizabeth</HI> would be plea&s;ed to &s;end her Amba&s;&s;adours to the Council, in which he was &s;econded by Letters from the Kings of <HI>France, Spain,</HI> and <HI>Portugal,</HI> and the Cardinal of <HI>Portugal,</HI> and the Duke <HI>de Alva.</HI> To which &s;he replied, <Q>That from her Heart &s;he de&s;ired a General Council, but &s;he would have nothing to do with a Papa. That &s;he would have nothing to do with the Pope neither, who&s;e Authority was bani&s;hed out of <HI>England</HI> by the con&s;ent of the Three E&s;tates. That it belonged not to him, but to the Emperour to call a Council; and, that &s;he acknowledged no greater Authority in him than in any other Bi&s;hop.</Q></P>
<P>The Twenty fifth of <HI>July Erirk</HI> King of <HI>Sweden</HI> was Crown'd with great Pomp at <HI>Stockholme</HI> upon the <HI>Baltick</HI> Sea.
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Erick</HI> King of <HI>Sweden</HI> Crown'd. The Cardinal of <HI>Caraffa</HI> Hanged.</NOTE> <HI>Charles</HI> Cardinal of <HI>Caraffa</HI> and Nephew of the la&s;t Pope, was &s;trangled the Sixth of <HI>March</HI> in the Ca&s;tle of St. <HI>Angelo,</HI> upon pretence, That he had Exa&s;perated <HI>Paul</HI> IV. his Uncle with his fal&s;e Stories, and put him upon a War; That he had cau&s;ed the Truce between <HI>France</HI> and <HI>Spain</HI> to be broken, had entered underhand Treaties with the Prote&s;tant Princes of <HI>Germany,</HI> and al&s;o with the <HI>Turk,</HI> the Enemies of Chri&s;tianity; but in reality, becau&s;e the Pope was much offended with the &s;harp An&s;wers the Cardinal made after he was impri&s;on'd; The Pope being thereupon made &s;en&s;ible, that the Car|dinal was a Per&s;on of great Spirit and Intere&s;t, and if ever he were di&s;mi&s;s'd, he would at one time or other Revenge the Quarrel upon the Popes Relations, &s;o that his Holine&s;s contrary to his fir&s;t Intentions, found it was needful to cut him off, though again&s;t Law, as his own Canoni&s;ts generally &s;aid. The Count <HI>de Pa|liani,</HI> Brother of the Cardinal of <HI>Caraf&s;a,</HI> had the &s;ame fate, but on other pre|tences.</P>
<P>In <HI>France</HI> all that de&s;ired the Peace of the Church and the Reformation of Re|ligion,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">A National Council de|fired in <HI>France.</HI></NOTE> concluded, the Pope would not hold a Council whatever he pretended, and therefore urged the having of a National Council; which was oppo&s;ed by the <HI>Gui&s;es</HI> and their Faction, for fear the Prote&s;tant Party &s;hould prevail in it again&s;t the Catholick. They did whatever they could to per&s;wade the King and Council from it, and procured the Pope to per&s;wade <HI>Philip</HI> King of <HI>Spain</HI> to intere&s;t him&s;elf in it, who &s;ent <HI>Anthony</HI> Bi&s;hop of <HI>Toledo</HI> to per&s;wade the Queen to &s;end the <HI>French</HI> Clergy to the Council of <HI>Trent;</HI> and that in the mean time, to prevent a Schi&s;m, the thoughts of a National Council &s;hould be laid a&s;ide. He had Orders al&s;o, as occa&s;ion offered, to threaten tho&s;e who favoured the <HI>Prote|&s;tants,</HI> and to give a&s;&s;urances of his Ma&s;ters readine&s;s to &s;upport the young King; which was ill taken in <HI>France,</HI> as a kind of u&s;urping a Right to interpo&s;e their <HI>Spani&s;h</HI> Pride in the <HI>French</HI> Affairs. <HI>Toledo</HI> died in <HI>France,</HI> and <HI>Maurice</HI> his Succe&s;|&s;or
<PB N="65" REF="33" MS="y">for became very importunate with the Queen to begin a Per&s;ecution again&s;t the Prote&s;tants, which was as &s;tiffly oppo&s;ed by the King of <HI>Navar;</HI>
<MILESTONE N="1560" UNIT="year"> who demanded his Kingdom,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The King of <HI>Navar</HI> drawn over to the Popi&s;h Party by the King of <HI>Spain</HI>'s Arts.</NOTE> and interrupted all the <HI>Spani&s;h</HI> Proceedings by his frequent Com|plaints to the young King. King <HI>Philip</HI> finding, to his Co&s;t, that this Princes Power was greater in <HI>France</HI> than he imagin'd, began a De&s;ign upon him to make him more pliant to his De&s;ires. This was to reject his Wife, and Marry <HI>Mary</HI> Queen of the <HI>Scots,</HI> and then declaring him&s;elf Head of the Catholicks in <HI>France,</HI> the King of <HI>Spain</HI> was to give him <HI>Sardinia</HI> for <HI>Navar,</HI> and to help him to Conquer <HI>England;</HI> and &s;o two Heretical Queens were for Here&s;ie to be laid a&s;ide, and the Pope was to Con&s;ecrate and Ble&s;s the Bu&s;ine&s;s. The King of <HI>Navar</HI> dete&s;ting the Project of Repudiating his Queen, the Exchange of <HI>Sardinia</HI> was driven on with more eagerne&s;s, pretending it was the greate&s;t I&s;land in the <HI>Mediterranean Sea,</HI> next <HI>Sicily,</HI> and the mo&s;t fruitful, rich, and populous, and &s;ituate very con|veniently for a Conque&s;t of <HI>Barbary.</HI> This Project being al&s;o &s;econded by the Popes <HI>Nuncio,</HI> the Cardinal of <HI>Ferrara,</HI> prevented the calling of a National Council, which Wi&s;e Men thought was the only thing that could have pre|vented the Civil War, which after broke out to the almo&s;t total Ruine of <HI>France.</HI></P>
<P>Though the Edict of <HI>July</HI> had forbidden all Meetings of the Prote&s;tants,
<MILESTONE N="1561" UNIT="year"> yet their Number daily increa&s;ing, and with it their Confidence;
<NOTE PLACE="marg">A new invent|ed Convention for the Regu|lating matters of Religion in <HI>France.</HI></NOTE> not only Sermons were openly made, but the Prie&s;ts were in many places forcibly expell'd, and the Churches &s;eized for the u&s;e of the Mini&s;ters, which gave being to the Edict of the 3d of <HI>November,</HI> for the Re&s;titution of tho&s;e Churches upon pain of Death; which by the Per&s;wa&s;ion of the Mini&s;ters them&s;elves, was obeyed throughout the Kingdom. But when notwith&s;tanding Men &s;eem'd rather enraged than appea&s;ed by the Edict of <HI>July,</HI> and the Conference of <HI>Poi&s;&s;y</HI> was broken up without any effect, there being every day news brought of new Commotions, they began to think of &s;ome more effectual Remedy, which that it might meet with the greater approbation, and by con&s;equence be the more univer&s;ally executed, the Pre&s;i|dents and &s;ome cho&s;en Members of all the Parliaments of <HI>France</HI> were &s;ummon'd before the King to St. <HI>Germain,</HI> by who&s;e Advice it was to be drawn and Moddel'd. Upon which the Cardinal of <HI>Lorrain</HI> and the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> left the Court, con|ceiving the thing would do it &s;elf, now <HI>Montmorancy</HI> and the King of <HI>Navar</HI> had e&s;pou&s;ed that Intere&s;t.</P>
<P>About the &s;ame time there was a dreadful Tumult at <HI>Dijon;</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">A Tumult a<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="pdcc" EXTENT="1 letter"> <HI>Dijon.</HI></NOTE> whil'&s;t the Pro|te&s;tants were a&s;&s;embled at their Sermon, the Rabble thought fit to make them|&s;elves the Executioners of the Edict of <HI>July,</HI> and having procured a Drum to beat before them, they marched again&s;t the <HI>Huguenots,</HI> but the Meeters made u&s;e of their Weapons, and repell'd Force with Force; The Rabble thereupon turn'd their fury again&s;t the Private Families, and plundered &s;everal Hou&s;es. There were al&s;o &s;ome Tumults at <HI>Paris</HI> on the &s;ame &s;core, and towards the end of the year all things tended to a general Revolution.</P>
<P>Having thus repre&s;ented the State of Religion in all the re&s;t of <HI>Chri&s;tendom,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Scotch</HI> Affairs.</NOTE> as &s;hortly, and as well as I can, I return now to <HI>Scotland.</HI> The Me&s;&s;engers they had &s;ent into <HI>France</HI> to procure the Royal Con&s;ent to the Acts they had made in their la&s;t Parliament, were no &s;ooner return'd with <HI>a po&s;itive denial, and a dreadful Reprimand,</HI> which frighted and exa&s;perated the Nation both at once; but they had the Joyful News of the Death of King <HI>Francis</HI> II. to their great &s;atisfaction, and the no le&s;s affliction of the <HI>French</HI> Faction in that Kingdom. On the other &s;ide, the Nobility, who had lent their A&s;&s;i&s;tance to the Expul&s;ion of the <HI>French,</HI> immediately met at <HI>Edinburg,</HI> and after a Con&s;ultation, &s;ent the Lord <HI>James</HI> to their Queen to per&s;wade her to return into <HI>Scotland; Le&s;ley</HI> however prevented them, and got to her &s;ome days before the Lord <HI>James.</HI> She was then at <HI>Vitrie</HI> in <HI>Campaigne,</HI> whither &s;he was retired to lament her Lo&s;s: His bu&s;ine&s;s was,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">Queen <HI>Mary<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="pdcc" EXTENT="1 letter"></HI> re&s;olves to re|turn into <HI>Scotland.</HI></NOTE> to be|&s;peak her favour to the Catholick Party, and return into <HI>Scotland;</HI> The fir&s;t &s;he readily promi&s;ed, and as for the other &s;he ordered him to Attend till &s;he had re|&s;olved what to do. It was &s;oon after re&s;olved, that &s;he &s;hould leave <HI>France,</HI> &s;o that the Lord <HI>James</HI> found her fixed to return when he came into <HI>France,</HI> yet his A&s;|&s;uring her of the great de&s;ires the Nobility of <HI>Scotland</HI> had to &s;ee her there again, much confirm'd her. So &s;he &s;ent him back with Orders, to &s;ee that nothing &s;hould be attempted contrary to the Treaty of <HI>Leith</HI> in her ab&s;ence.</P>
<PB N="66" REF="34" MS="y">
<P>In <HI>March</HI> following, M. <HI>Giles Noailles,</HI> a Senator of <HI>Bourdeaux,</HI> arrived at <HI>Leith,</HI> with three Demands from the new King of <HI>France:</HI> 1. <HI>That the old League between</HI> France <HI>and</HI> Scotland <HI>&s;hould be renewed.</HI> 2. <HI>That the late Confederacy with</HI> England <HI>&s;hould be di&s;&s;<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="pdcc" EXTENT="1 letter">lved.</HI> 3. <HI>That the Church-men &s;hould be re&s;tored to all they had been depri|ved of.</HI> But the Council replied, That it did not befit them, to treat of things of that Con&s;equence, before the A&s;&s;embly of the States, which was to be held the 21st of <HI>May,</HI> when the Lord <HI>James</HI> made an&s;wer, That the <HI>French,</HI> and not the <HI>Scots,</HI> had broke the old League, by endeavouring to en&s;lave them. 2. That they could not violate the Treaty made with <HI>England;</HI> and, as to the third, That they did not acknowledge tho&s;e he interceded for, to be <HI>Church men,</HI> and that <HI>Scotland,</HI> having renounced the Pope, would no longer maintain his Prie&s;ts and Va&s;&s;als. About the &s;ame time, the Earls of <HI>Morton</HI> and <HI>Glencarn</HI> returned from <HI>England,</HI> whither they had been &s;ent, with A&s;&s;urances, That the Queen <HI>would a&s;&s;i&s;t them in the Defence of the Liberties of the Kingdom, if, at any time, they &s;tood in need of her Help;</HI> which was heard with much Joy.</P>
<P>As the Lord <HI>James</HI> returned into <HI>Scotland,</HI> he waited upon Queen <HI>Elizabeth,</HI> and advi&s;ed her to &s;top Queen <HI>Mary,</HI> if &s;he came by <HI>England,</HI> (as he expected &s;he would) 'till he had &s;ecured the State of Religion in <HI>Scotland;</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The <HI>Prete&s;tant Religion</HI> &s;etled in <HI>Scotland.</HI></NOTE> for tho' &s;he had pro|mi&s;ed, She would continue all things in the State &s;he found them, yet he would not intirely rely upon her Promi&s;e, having &s;o often heard the old Maxim from the late Regent. To make &s;ure work therefore, he procured an Act to be pa&s;&s;ed in this Convention, for the Demoli&s;hing all the Cloy&s;ters, and Abby Churches, which were yet left &s;tanding in that Kingdom; the Execution whereof, as to the We&s;tern Parts, was committed to the Earls of <HI>Arran, Argile,</HI> and <HI>Glencarn;</HI> as to the North, to the Lord <HI>James;</HI> and as to the Inland Counties, to &s;ome Barons that were thought the mo&s;t Zealous: Whereupon en&s;ued a mo&s;t deplorable Deva&s;tation of <HI>Churches,</HI> and Church-buildings, &s;aith <HI>Spoti&s;wood,</HI> throughout all the Kingdom; for every one made bold to put to their Hands, the meaner &s;ort imitating the Ex|ample of the greater, and tho&s;e who were in Authority. No difference was made, but all the Churches were either defaced, or pulled down to the ground. The Church Plate, and what ever Men could make Money of, as Timber, Lead, and Bells, were put to &s;ale, and the Monuments of the Dead, the Regi&s;ters of the Churches and Libraries were burn'd or de&s;troyed, and what e&s;caped the Fury of the fir&s;t Tumults now peri&s;ned in a common Shipwrack, and that under the colour of publick Authority. <HI>John Knox</HI> is &s;aid to have very much promoted this Calamity, by a Maxim he publi&s;hed, That the <HI>&s;ure way to drive away the Rooks, was to pull down their Ne&s;ts,</HI> which, in probability, he meant only of the <HI>Monks;</HI> but now their Hands were in, was extended to all the Church Buildings: <HI>Noailles</HI> was then in <HI>Scotland,</HI> and carried the News of this dreadful Reformation to the Queen into <HI>France.</HI></P>
<P>She was much enraged at it,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Queen angry with the Proceedings.</NOTE> and &s;aid to &s;ome of her Confidents, that &s;he would imitate <HI>Mary</HI> Queen of <HI>England;</HI> but however, &s;he had wit enough to di&s;&s;emble her Re&s;entment for the pre&s;ent.</P>
<P>In order to her return,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">Queen <HI>Mary</HI> goes into <HI>Scot|land.</HI></NOTE> &s;he left <HI>Vitri,</HI> and went to <HI>Paris;</HI> and having waited upon the King, and Queen-Regent, to take her leave of them, &s;he took her Journy towards <HI>Calais,</HI> Queen <HI>Elizabeth</HI> had &s;ent the Earl of <HI>Bedford,</HI> to condole the Death of <HI>Francis,</HI> her late Husband, and to de&s;ire her Ratification of the Treaty of <HI>Leith;</HI> but this, &s;he &s;aid, &s;he could not do, 'till &s;he had con&s;ulted with the Nobi|lity of <HI>Scotland;</HI> and when the Amba&s;&s;ador replied, They could not but approve of what they had made, &s;he replied, <HI>They did, but not all; and when I come among&s;t them, it will appear what mind they are of.</HI> The Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e,</HI> and the re&s;t of the great Men of that Family, attended her to <HI>Calais,</HI> and the Marque&s;s of <HI>Elboeuf,</HI> and <HI>Francis,</HI> Grand <HI>Prior</HI> of <HI>France,</HI> went with her. She took Ship the 14th of <HI>Augu&s;t,</HI> and arrived at <HI>Leith</HI> in <HI>Scotland</HI> the 20th. She was much concerned, for fear Queen <HI>Elizabeth</HI> might intercept her in her way home, and therefore, &s;ent again for the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Amba&s;&s;ador; but when he &s;till in&s;i&s;ted, to have the Treaty of <HI>Leith</HI> ratified, &s;he delayed it. Her Uncle, the Cardinal of <HI>Lorrain,</HI> advi&s;ed her, to leave her Jewels and Trea&s;ures in <HI>France,</HI> 'till &s;he were &s;afe in <HI>Scotland;</HI> but &s;he &s;aid, It was folly, to be more concerned for her Jewels, than for her Per&s;on, which &s;he mu&s;t hazard. The truth is, her Fear was well grounded, for Queen <HI>Elizabeth</HI> &s;ent a Fleet to way-lay her; but the two Navies pa&s;&s;ed by one another, in a dark foggy day, unperceived, and &s;he &s;afely arrived at <HI>Leith</HI> the 21th of <HI>Augu&s;t.</HI></P>
<PB N="67" REF="34">
<P>The beginning of her Government was very gracious, and &s;he conde&s;cended to grant, <HI>That no Change or Alteration &s;hould be made in the pre&s;ent State of Religion;</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">Her beginning very gracious to the <HI>Prote|&s;tants.</HI></NOTE> only, &s;he &s;aid, &s;he would u&s;e her own Religion apart, and have a Ma&s;s in private, which was, and by many was thought, very rea&s;onable, &s;he having been Educated in the <HI>Roman</HI> Church, and being a Sovereign Prince&s;s: Yet the Preachers, in their Sermons, publickly condemned that Toleration of their Queen, as unlawful;
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Preachers would not Tolerate the Queen.</NOTE> and the Earl of <HI>Arran,</HI> being exa&s;perated by his Impri&s;onment, on the account of Reli|gion, in <HI>France,</HI> by the Order of the <HI>Gui&s;es,</HI> from whence he made his E&s;cape, replied, <HI>That he did neither agree to Publick nor Private Ma&s;s;</HI> which highly di&s;|plea&s;ed the Queen. And <HI>Archimbald Douglas,</HI> Provo&s;t of <HI>Edinburg,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">See <HI>Spoti&s;wood,</HI> pag. 182.</NOTE> put out an Order, commanding all Papi&s;ts to be gone; for which, the Queen committed him to the Ca&s;tle of <HI>Edinburg:</HI> And one of the common &s;ort of Men broke the Tapers in the Court, which were prepared for her Chapel, and a Tumult had en&s;ued to the Ruine of the other Preparatives for her Chapel, if &s;ome wi&s;er Men had not interpo&s;ed; among&s;t whom, the Lord <HI>James</HI> was one of the greate&s;t and for|warde&s;t, to &s;uppre&s;s this in&s;olent Di&s;order: On the other &s;ide, the Marque&s;s of <HI>Elboeuf</HI> was much offended, to &s;ee the Prote&s;tant Religion exerci&s;ed openly in <HI>Scotland,</HI> and the Earl of <HI>Huntley,</HI> a vain Man, proffer'd the Queen his Service, to reduce all the North Parts of <HI>Scotland</HI> to the Popi&s;h Religion, which was wi&s;ely rejected.</P>
<P>In the middle of <HI>September,</HI> the Duke of <HI>Aumarl,</HI> and the re&s;t of the <HI>French,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">Great kindne&s;s in &s;hew, be|tween Queen <HI>Mary,</HI> and Queen <HI>Eliza|beth.</HI></NOTE> which had come home with the Queen, went back to <HI>France,</HI> but the Marque&s;s of <HI>Elboeuf,</HI> who &s;tayed with her all the Winter. She &s;ent <HI>William</HI> Lord <HI>Maitland</HI> to Queen <HI>Elizabeth,</HI> with Letters full of kind and friendly Expre&s;&s;ions, and de&s;iring the like Returns from her: And, among&s;t other things, that &s;he would declare her <HI>the lawful Heir to the Crown of</HI> England, <HI>in ca&s;e &s;he</HI> (Queen <HI>Elizabeth</HI>) <HI>&s;hould dye without I&s;&s;ue;</HI> which Queen <HI>Elizabeth</HI> denied, but &s;aid, <HI>She would never wrong her, nor her Cau&s;e, if it be ju&s;t in the lea&s;t point; and that &s;he knew not any, whom &s;he would prefer before her, or who (if the Title &s;hould fall to be controverted) might exclude her.</HI></P>
<P>The Queen of <HI>Scots,</HI> in the mean time,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">Queen <HI>Mary</HI> begins to fa|vour the Ro|mi&s;h Party.</NOTE> cau&s;ed a new Provo&s;t of <HI>Edinburg</HI> to be Elected, changed the Common Council, and put out a Proclamation, That <HI>all her good and faithful Subjects &s;hould repair to, and remain within, the Birgh, at their plea&s;ure, for doing their lawful Bu&s;ine&s;s;</HI> which was in oppo&s;ition to the Provo&s;t's Order. She kept her Ma&s;&s;es too, more publickly, and with greater pomp; of all which, the Mini&s;ters complain'd in vain in their Sermons. The Nobility had di|vided the Church Lands among&s;t them, and had now another Game to per&s;ue, and were &s;triving who &s;hould be mo&s;t in the Queen's Favour.</P>
<P>The Queen's Expences being &s;oon found too great,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">Yet &s;he aug|ments her Re|venues out of the Church Lands.</NOTE> for the poor Revenues of the Crown of <HI>Scotland</HI> to maintain. The Remainder of the Church Lands was divided into three parts, one was a&s;&s;igned to the Queen, one to the Mini&s;ters, and the third was left to the Bi&s;hops and Par&s;ons of the <HI>Romi&s;h Communion,</HI> which they were forced to yield to, to prevent the lo&s;s of all, they now &s;ub&s;i&s;ting merely by the Queen's Favour. The Earl of <HI>Huntley,</HI> to be made Lord Chancellor, turned <HI>Roman Catholick</HI> again, which encouraged one <HI>Winyet,</HI> a Prie&s;t, to write a Book again&s;t the Reformation, for which, he was cen&s;ured and forced to leave <HI>Scotland.</HI> Not long after which, &s;he created the Lord <HI>James,</HI> her Brother, fir&s;t, Earl of <HI>Marr,</HI> and then of <HI>Murray,</HI> the Lord <HI>Ereskin</HI> claiming, and at la&s;t obtaining, the Earldom of <HI>Marr,</HI> which much offended <HI>Huntley,</HI> which had enjoyed both the&s;e Titles ever &s;ince the death of <HI>James</HI> the Fifth. This made <HI>Huntley</HI> enter into many ba&s;e and unworthy De&s;igns to murder <HI>Murray,</HI> which were all, by one means or other, di&s;|covered, and, at la&s;t, ended in the Death of <HI>Huntley,</HI> and the Execution of <HI>John Gordon,</HI> his elde&s;t Son, a hopeful young Gentleman, in the Year following.
<MILESTONE N="1562" UNIT="year"></P>
<P>The beginning of the Year 1562, was very unquiet in <HI>France.</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The <HI>French</HI> Affairs.</NOTE> The King had called an A&s;&s;embly of the Delegates of all the Parliaments of <HI>France,</HI> in the end of the la&s;t year, which was to meet at St. <HI>Germain</HI> the 17th of <HI>January</HI> of this year, to con&s;ider of the means of appea&s;ing the&s;e Broils, and pre&s;erving the Peace of <HI>France.</HI> The King opened this A&s;&s;embly with a &s;hort Speech, which was &s;e|conded by a larger, made by the Chancellor; who having given a &s;hort account of the &s;everal Edicts, that had been made before in the bu&s;ine&s;s of Religion; and &s;hewn how they had all, by one means or other, been defeated. He added, That <HI>Laws were of no u&s;e, if they were not Religiou&s;ly ob&s;erved. But then,</HI> (&s;aid he) <HI>if the
<PB N="68" REF="35">Que&s;tion is put, Why are not the Laws executed? Mu&s;t not you, that are the Judges, bear the blame? For if they excu&s;e them&s;elves, and &s;ay, That it was not in their power to execute them, I will accept the An&s;wer, upon condition they will ingenuou&s;ly confe&s;s, That neither was it in the King's power: And that this Affair of Religion, by a &s;ecret Judgment of God, for the Cha&s;ti&s;ement of our Luxury, Indevotion, and Neglect of his Glory, is &s;o di&s;po&s;ed, that we may, by the &s;everity of the Puni&s;hment, be brought to Repentance. In the year</HI> 1518, <HI>when the&s;e Commotions fir&s;t began, there is no Man but knows, how corrupt the Manners, and how loo&s;e, or rather profligate, the Di&s;cipline of the Church was throughout the World: For, to omit the Court of</HI> Rome, <HI>in which, there was nothing right and &s;ound, we had here in</HI> France <HI>a young King, brought up in Plea&s;ures, tho' he afterwards was much improved, but he was then very di&s;&s;olute; nor was</HI> Henry <HI>of</HI> England <HI>any better: And after all the Judgments God has &s;ent from Heaven upon us, we have not repented or amended; and therefore, there is no wonder, that this &s;ad difference of Religion cannot be compo&s;ed, and the Peace of the Church re&s;tored. No, on the contrary it is now apparent, that our Enemies are become &s;o numerous, that they are almo&s;t able to oppre&s;s us. As to tho&s;e who pretend, that we have encrea&s;ed them by our Connivance, I can an&s;wer, That during the minority of the King, they are bolder, and I would have them con&s;ider too, that, for our Sins, God has &s;et a Child over us. There are &s;ome, who would have the King arm one part of his Subjects again&s;t the other, which, I think, is neither Chri&s;tian, nor Human.</HI> After very much to the &s;ame purpo&s;e, he told them, the Thing propo&s;ed by the King to their Con&s;idera|tion, was, <HI>Whether it was the be&s;t way for the King to Suppre&s;s the Meetings, or to Tolerate them?</HI></P>
<P>Thereupon followed a very great Debate between the&s;e Deputies of the &s;everal Parliaments of <HI>France,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">A Debate con|cerning Tole|ration.</NOTE> but, at la&s;t, they came to a Re&s;olution, to remit &s;omething of the Severity of the <HI>Edict</HI> of <HI>July,</HI> and to allow the <HI>Prote&s;tants</HI> the liberty of Publick Sermons;
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Edict of <HI>January,</HI> which granted Liber|ty of Con&s;ci|ence to the Prote&s;tants.</NOTE> and accordingly a new Edict was made, which was called, <HI>The Edict of January,</HI> the principal Heads of which, were the&s;e: <Q>That the <HI>Prote&s;tants</HI> &s;hould re&s;tore the Eccle&s;ia&s;ticks to their Churches, Hou&s;es, Lands, Tithes, and other goods what&s;oever which they had taken from them forthwith, and &s;uffer them peaceably to enjoy their Images, Cro&s;&s;es, and Statues, without any mole&s;tation, or endea|vouring to de&s;troy them; or doing any other thing that may di&s;turb the publick Peace, upon pain of Death, without any hope of Mercy. That the <HI>Prote&s;tants</HI> &s;hould have no publick Meetings, Sermons, and Prayers; or admini&s;ter any Sacra|ments, publickly or privately, by Night or by Day, within any City, in any manner what&s;oever: <HI>Yet,</HI> in the mean time, till the Controver&s;ies of Religion &s;hall be com|po&s;ed by a General Council, or the King &s;hall otherwi&s;e order it, Tho&s;e, who &s;hall go to, or frequent, their Sermons &s;hall not be mole&s;ted, provided they be had without the Cities. And the Magi&s;trates were accordingly commanded, not to di&s;quiet, but to protect and pre&s;erve them from all Injury. That all Seditious Per&s;ons, of what Religion &s;oever they were, &s;hould be &s;everely puni&s;hed, and all &s;hould be bound to di&s;cover and deliver them up to Ju&s;tice, a thou&s;and Crowns being impo&s;ed upon any per&s;on who &s;hould receive, abet, or conceal, &s;uch Rio|tous Offender, and the Offender to be whipp'd, if not able to pay the Penalty. That the &s;aid Meetings &s;hould be without Arms, and that no per&s;on &s;hould Re|proach another on the account of Religion, or u&s;e any Factious Names. That the <HI>Prote&s;tant</HI> Mini&s;ters &s;hould admit none into their Number, till they had diligently examined their Lives, Conver&s;ations, and Doctrines. That the Magi|&s;trates might freely go to their Meetings, to &s;ee what was done, or to apprehend any Criminal, who &s;hould be treated according to their Dignity, and obeyed. That the <HI>Prote&s;tants</HI> &s;hould hold no Synods, Conferences, or Con&s;i&s;tories, but in the pre&s;ence of a Magi&s;trate. That they &s;hould create no new Magi&s;trates, or make any Laws or Statutes: And if they de&s;ire any thing by way of Di&s;cipline, it &s;hould be referred to their Authority, or, if need be, be confirmed by them. There &s;hall be no Levies of Men or Monies made by them, nor any Leagues entered into for their private Defence. And as to Alms, they &s;hall only take them of &s;uch as are willing to give. The Civil Laws, e&s;pecially tho&s;e concerning Holy Days, and the Degrees of Con&s;anguinity and Affinity in Marriages, &s;hall be ob&s;erved. That their Pa&s;tors &s;hall give Security to the Magi&s;trates, for the Ob&s;erving this Edict, and promi&s;e, That they will not preach any Doctrine contrary to the <HI>Nicene</HI> or <HI>Apo&s;tles Creeds,</HI> or the Books of the <HI>Old</HI> or <HI>New Te&s;tament,</HI> nor u&s;e any Reproaches again&s;t the <HI>Catholicks</HI> in their Sermons: And the &s;ame is injoyned the <HI>Catholicks,</HI> in relation to the <HI>Prote&s;tants.</HI> No man &s;hall publi&s;h any Libels to defame another, or &s;ell, or cau&s;e them to be &s;old. La&s;tly, the Magi&s;trates are hereby commanded to be
<PB N="69" REF="35" MS="y">very diligent, in ca&s;e any Sedition happens, to &s;earch out the Offenders, and puni&s;h them, without any Appeal to be allowed to &s;uch Offenders.</Q></P>
<P>A Debate being made concerning the Wor&s;hip of Images,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">Injunctions publi&s;hed by the Queen's Order, con|cerning Ima|ges.</NOTE> the&s;e Propo&s;itions were publi&s;hed by the Queen, by the Advice of the Bi&s;hops of <HI>Valence</HI> and <HI>Seez,</HI> and Mon&s;ieur <HI>Bouthillier, d' E&s;pence,</HI> and <HI>Picherel.</HI> <Q>That &s;eeing Errors are, ac|cording to St. <HI>Augu&s;tin,</HI> rather to be rooted out of the Minds of Men, than out of Churches, and other places, the Bi&s;hops &s;hould take order with the Curates, to have the People well In&s;tructed, and diligently Admoni&s;hed, concerning the right u&s;e of them, that all Offence or Scandal might be prevented, both by the Royal Authority, and that of the Church; and that if any oppo&s;ed this, he &s;hould be treated as a Violater of the Royal Edicts, and of the publick Peace.
<NOTE PLACE="marg">Images of the Trinity forbid|den.</NOTE> That all Figures of the <HI>Holy Trinity</HI> &s;hould be immediately removed out of all Churches, and all other publick and private Places, as being forbidden by the Holy Scriptures, the Councils and Te&s;timonies of the Fathers, and only Di&s;&s;embled or Tolerated by the Sloth of the Bi&s;hops and Pa&s;tors. That the Pictures of all prophane Per&s;ons, and others, who were not to be found in the Authentick Martyrologies of the Church, all la&s;civious and di&s;hone&s;t Pictures, and tho&s;e of Brutes, &s;hall be abo|li&s;hed. That no Crowns, Garlands, or Ve&s;tments, &s;hall be put upon any Images, nor Incen&s;e, nor Candles, burnt before them; nor &s;hall they be carried in Pro|ce&s;&s;ions, nor any Prayers or Oblations be made to them, nor &s;hall they be wor|&s;hipped with bended Knees, becau&s;e all the&s;e things are parts of Wor&s;hip. That all Images, but that of the <HI>Venerable Holy Cro&s;s,</HI> &s;hall be taken from the Altars, and either placed on the Valves, or Walls, of the Churches; &s;o that from hence|forth, they may neither be &s;aluted, ki&s;&s;ed, prayed to, or pre&s;ented with Gifts. That all Images, which were wont to be carried on the Shoulders of Men in the Churches and Streets, &s;hould, according to the late Canon of <HI>Sens,</HI> be for ever aboli&s;hed.</Q> <HI>Beza</HI> oppo&s;ed the retention of the Cro&s;s, as brought into u&s;e by <HI>Con&s;tantine</HI> the Great, and one <HI>N. Mallard,</HI> Dean of the <HI>Sorbonne</HI> in <HI>Paris,</HI> tho' he confe&s;&s;ed, &s;ome ill things had crept into the Church; yet he was of opinion, that all this Wor&s;hip of Images ought &s;toutly to be defended and retained, and put out a Book to that purpo&s;e; &s;o the Thing fell. This Order was made the 14th of <HI>February.</HI></P>
<P><Q>The &s;ame Month, but &s;ome few days before it,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The King of <HI>Navar</HI> pre|tends &s;till to promote the Reformation.</NOTE> the King of <HI>Navar</HI> wrote a Letter to the <HI>Elector Palatine,</HI> in which, he te&s;tified his great de&s;ire to promote a Reforma|tion, and that he hoped to have found a way to reconcile Differences, by the Conference of <HI>Poi&s;&s;i.</HI> But that this Affair had not &s;ucceeded according to his wi&s;h; and that, even in the Di&s;pute about Images, which &s;eemed to have le&s;s of Difficulty, they had yet not been able to agree. But that, whatever Men pre|tended, he would, by the help of God, endeavour, that the Confe&s;&s;ion of Faith, which could not be de&s;troyed, without the Ruin of the Peace of the Nation, &s;hould in&s;en&s;ibly be e&s;tabli&s;hed as far as the Infancy of the King, and the pre&s;ent State of Things would permit.</Q> He wrote al&s;o, to the &s;ame purpo&s;e, to the Duke of <HI>Wirtemberg,</HI> and to <HI>Philip Landtgrave</HI> of <HI>He&s;&s;e.</HI> The <HI>Elector Palatine</HI> wrote an An&s;wer, dated the 20th of <HI>April,</HI> from <HI>Heidelburg,</HI> wherein he &s;aid, he was &s;orry to &s;ee the Affections of the <HI>Prote&s;tants</HI> cool in this Affair; and therefore, he exhorted him to go on in this commendable De&s;ign of Reforming Religion.</P>
<P>When the Edict of <HI>January</HI> came to be publi&s;hed, the <HI>Gui&s;es</HI> and <HI>Montmorancy,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Edict of <HI>January</HI> oppo&s;ed by the <HI>Gui&s;es</HI> and others.</NOTE> who were now reconciled, and were ab&s;ent at the time of making it, employed all their Indu&s;try, to prevent its having its effect; alledging, it was not made as it ought, and would prove de&s;tructive to the Kingdome of <HI>France;</HI> and having brought over <HI>Navar</HI> to their Party, tho' they fore&s;aw they &s;hould meet with great, and almo&s;t in&s;uperable, Difficulties; yet, they thought, they &s;hould at la&s;t gain their Ends. The Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> went therefore to his Country Hou&s;e, and his Brother <HI>Charles,</HI> the Cardinal, &s;oon after followed him thither: So they both went to <HI>Zaberen,</HI> a Town belonging to the Bi&s;hop of <HI>Strasburg,</HI> where <HI>Chri&s;topher,</HI> Duke of <HI>Wirtemberg,</HI> met him, on pretence he came to vi&s;it a Lady that was his Kin&s;woman, bringing with him <HI>John Brent,</HI> and <HI>James Andrea,</HI> two eager defen|ders of the <HI>Augu&s;tane</HI> Confe&s;&s;ion again&s;t the <HI>Zuinglians,</HI> (who&s;e Doctrine was generally followed by the Prote&s;tants in <HI>France;</HI>) here they conferred together three days. The Cardinal of <HI>Lorrain</HI> pretended to have a great affection for the Duke of <HI>Wirtemberg,</HI> and the re&s;t of the <HI>German</HI> Princes; he &s;aid al&s;o, That &s;ince the Conference of <HI>Poi&s;&s;i,</HI> he had a good opinion of the <HI>Augu&s;tane Confe&s;&s;ion,</HI> and that he had often per&s;uaded the <HI>Prote&s;tants</HI> to &s;ub&s;cribe it, and they had ever refu&s;ed
<PB N="70" REF="36" MS="y">it, becau&s;e they did not &s;o much de&s;ire the Reformation of Religion, and of the Church Di&s;cipline, as the &s;preading lewd and mon&s;trous Opinions, which tended to the filling <HI>France</HI> and <HI>Germany</HI> with new Tumults. That the King of <HI>Denmark</HI> wi&s;ely fore&s;aw this, who congratulating, by his Amba&s;&s;ador, the attempt, to reform the Church, expre&s;&s;ed at the &s;ame time his fear, that they &s;hould embrace the <HI>Zuinglian</HI> and <HI>Geneva</HI> Confe&s;&s;ion, in&s;tead of the <HI>Augu&s;tane;</HI> and thereupon carefully advi&s;ed the King of <HI>Navar,</HI> to con&s;ider this. That the Duke of <HI>Wirtemberg,</HI> and the other Princes of <HI>Germany,</HI> ought to fear the &s;ame thing, if they de&s;ired the Peace of <HI>Germany,</HI> or that of the Church: For that as <HI>Germany</HI> and <HI>France</HI> were near each other, &s;o their Intere&s;ts were &s;o interwoven, that the Good or Evil would be com|mon to them. That as they were derived from one of the Illu&s;trious Families of <HI>Germany,</HI> and enjoyed one of the principal Stations in <HI>France;</HI> &s;o they had left that Kingdom to confer with him (the Duke of <HI>Wirtemburg),</HI> and to &s;ettle, by mutual Con&s;ent, what might be u&s;eful and &s;alutary to both the&s;e States, and that they might conjointly oppo&s;e the Endeavours of the <HI>Zuinglians,</HI> and their Doctrine. They pretended, they did not do this, with intention to hinder the Reformation of Religion, and the Wor&s;hip of God, <HI>For that they de&s;ired above all things;</HI> but that they &s;ought to prevent that Tempe&s;t, which the&s;e Sectaries were rai&s;ing, both in <HI>France</HI> and <HI>Germany:</HI> And therefore, they de&s;ired the Duke, to interpo&s;e his Au|thority with the Princes of <HI>Germany,</HI> and to induce them to have a good Opinion of their De&s;igns.</P>
<P>The Duke of <HI>Wirtemburg</HI> (having con&s;ulted with <HI>Brent</HI> and <HI>Andrea,</HI> his two Di|vines, who were very de&s;irous, the <HI>Helvetian Confe&s;&s;ion</HI> &s;hould not be entertained in <HI>France</HI>) commended the Cardinals affections towards him&s;elf and the Empire; and &s;aid, he approved of his Coun&s;el, for the hindering the Reception of that Confe&s;|&s;ion in <HI>France,</HI> which, without doubt, would cau&s;e great Commotions. But then, he &s;aid, this was upon condition, that the Reformation &s;hould be carried on in <HI>France</HI> in the mean time; and that no Severities or Pro&s;criptions &s;hould be employed again&s;t tho&s;e, who had made defection from the See of <HI>Rome.</HI> The Cardinal was thought to have &s;aid this, to the intent, to di&s;po&s;e the <HI>German</HI> Prote&s;tant Princes to &s;end Supplies again&s;t the <HI>French Prote&s;tants,</HI> when it &s;hould come to a War; or, at lea&s;t, to make them le&s;s apt to &s;uccour the Prince of <HI>Cond&eacute;,</HI> and the Prote&s;tants. Thus that Conference ended</P>
<P>The Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> called to Court by the King of <HI>Na|var.</HI> The Ma&s;&s;acre of <HI>Va&s;&s;y</HI> hap|pen'd acciden|tally in that <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="pdcc" EXTENT="1 letter">ourny.</NOTE> and the Cardinal, returned to <HI>Joinville</HI> in <HI>Champaigne,</HI> where, &s;oon after, he received a Letter from the King of <HI>Navar,</HI> that he &s;hould come to Court as fa&s;t as was po&s;&s;ible, whither he forthwith went. In the Borders of <HI>Champaigne,</HI> there is a Town, called <HI>Va&s;&s;y,</HI> which has high Walls, and is the Capital of a Prefecture: The Prote&s;tants had a Meeting-place in this Town, able to contain twelve Hundred per&s;ons, in which, at times, they preached, and ad|mini&s;tred Sacraments after their way, becau&s;e they had, as yet, no &s;etled Mini&s;ter, but procured one from <HI>Troyes;</HI> (The Bi&s;hop of which place was a favourer of them.) But now there was one <HI>Leonard Morel</HI> come from <HI>Geneva,</HI> to &s;ettle there, which was ill taken by <HI>Claude de Sainctes,</HI> the Governour of the Town, and by the Prior, Curate, and Neighbours, who had frequently complained of it to <HI>Jerome de Burgos,</HI> Bi&s;hop of <HI>Chaalon &s;ur Marne</HI> in <HI>Champaigne,</HI> under whom, the place was. The year before, the Bi&s;hop came thither, and had a di&s;orderly Di&s;pute with the Mini&s;ter, about impo&s;ition of Hands, managed by one of his Divines, which he brought with him before the People, Governour and Bi&s;hop, which had no good effect. <HI>Antonia de Bourbon,</HI> the Mother of the <HI>Gui&s;es,</HI> a zealous <HI>Roman Catholick,</HI> was al&s;o much offended with the nearne&s;s of this place, and de&s;ired very much to be rid of it; and &s;he reproached her Son, for his over-great patience in a thing, wherein the Glory of God, her own Honour, and the Religion of his An|ce&s;tors, was concerned. Hereupon, the fir&s;t of <HI>March,</HI> he went to <HI>Va&s;&s;y,</HI> with <HI>Lewis</HI> the Cardinal his Brother, <HI>Du Bro&s;&s;ay,</HI> and his Son, and a great Retinue, de&s;igning rather to &s;uppre&s;s and di&s;&s;ipate this Conventicle by his Pre&s;ence, than to offer Violence to any private per&s;on. As he went, he heard a Bell ring at an unu&s;ual time, and asking the rea&s;on of it, was told, It was to call the <HI>Prote&s;tants</HI> to their Meeting. Hereupon, his Foot-men began to make a Noi&s;e, as if there had been a Military Enterprize; but the Duke went on, and entred <HI>Va&s;&s;y,</HI> where there were 60 Hor&s;e ready to receive him, and he was to dine that day at <HI>Sclaron.</HI> The <HI>Curate</HI> and <HI>Prior</HI> were very earne&s;t with him, to go by the Conventicle; but whil&s;t he delayed them, and &s;eemed unwilling to do it, the meaner part of his Attendants ran thither, and began to call the <HI>Prote&s;tants,</HI> who were there a&s;&s;embled,
<PB N="71" REF="36"><HI>Dogs,</HI> and <HI>Rebels to God and the King.</HI> The Prote&s;tants al&s;o return'd their reproa|ches upon them: and &s;o at la&s;t they fell from words to flinging &s;tones, after which tho&s;e that were on Hor&s;eback lighted and broke into the place where the Meeting was, which was a Granary, and was for &s;ome time defended, by tho&s;e within, but they at la&s;t prevailing, drew their Swords, and began to &s;tab and wound the Prote&s;tants. A great Cry ari&s;ing, <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> was forced to go thither, to put a &s;top to the Ma&s;&s;acre, but he by Accident receiving a &s;mall Wound, this &s;o inraged his Retinue, that he could not re&s;train them; in this Tumult about 60 per&s;ons were kill'd, and 200 wounded, among&s;t which la&s;t was <HI>Morell,</HI> who was &s;ent Pri&s;oner to <HI>Di&s;ier.</HI></P>
<P>Though this Tumult happened again&s;t his will, and contrary to his expecta|tion, yet the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e,</HI> to excu&s;e him&s;elf and his Servants,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> u&s;es ill Arts to &s;ecure his Servants who began the Tumult.</NOTE> &s;ent for the chief of the Prote&s;tants who were taken, and &s;everely chid them, for having by this un|lawful Meeting given occa&s;ion to this Tumult, and blamed the Queen of <HI>Scots</HI> Bai|liff, (for to her the Place belonged) for &s;uffering &s;uch Conventicles to be hold there. <HI>And cau&s;ed &s;everal Depo&s;itions to be made, that the Tumult was begun by the Prote&s;tants, though it was in truth begun by his own Servants.</HI> Fame encrea&s;ed the Fact, and made it appear wor&s;e in all the Circum&s;tances than in truth it was, and every one judged of it as he &s;tood affected; the Prote&s;tants blaming it, and the Catholicks defending it, as nece&s;&s;ary to put a &s;top to the In&s;olence of a few ill Men to prevent wor&s;e: But Wi&s;e men &s;aw, it would not &s;top here, but that Seditious Men would take the &s;ame Methods throughout the Kingdom.
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Prince of <HI>Conde</HI> com|plains of it to the King.</NOTE> The Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> went to <HI>Reims,</HI> and from thence to <HI>Nantueil,</HI> the King being then at <HI>Monceaux,</HI> in the Dioce&s;s of <HI>Meax,</HI> whither <HI>Conde</HI> came and made a great Complaint of the Ma&s;&s;acre of <HI>Va&s;&s;y,</HI> aggravating it above the Truth; adding, That it was a thing of ill Example, and ought to be &s;everely Puni&s;hed. The Queen on the other &s;ide was very much troubled, and wrote to the King of <HI>Navar</HI> to take care of this Affair, who was then at <HI>Paris;</HI> and advi&s;ed the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> not to go to <HI>Paris,</HI> till he had been with the King; to which he made no other An&s;wer, than, <HI>That he was &s;o taken up with entertaining his Friends, that he was not at lei&s;ure to wait upon the King.</HI> And his next care was to excu&s;e it to the Duke of <HI>Wirtem|burg,</HI> to whom he &s;ent a Letter to that purpo&s;e, laying the fault on the In&s;olence of the Rabble, which tru&s;ting in their number, had begun to fling Stones at his Servants. The King of <HI>Navar</HI> went to <HI>Monceaux</HI> in the mean time, where he met with &s;evere Complaints again&s;t this Tumult, and &s;tifly averr'd, that the Prote|&s;tants had been the beginners of the fray, excu&s;ing the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e,</HI> and enter|taining tho&s;e that complain'd of it, with very great roughne&s;s. <HI>Beza,</HI> who was there, replied, That if it were &s;o, the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> ought to have complained to the King, and not to have permitted his Servants to have become their own Judges; and turning to the King of <HI>Navar,</HI> he &s;aid, He was &s;ent by the Church to complain of this wrong, which has ever been readier to &s;uffer, than to act In|juries; and that yet he ought to remember, <HI>that Anvil had broke many Hammers;</HI> in the mean time, the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> went to <HI>Paris,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> entereth <HI>Paris.</HI></NOTE> without taking any notice of the King, where he was entertain'd with greater Ceremony and Re&s;pect, and had a greater Attendance than became a Subject; the Queen began to fear the King of <HI>Navar, Gui&s;e,</HI> and <HI>Montmorancy,</HI> would, under the Pretence of Religion, &s;et up a <HI>Triumvirate,</HI> which would bring her and the King under their Power; &s;o that &s;he had no other remedy, but to put her &s;elf and her Son under the Protection of the Prince of <HI>Conde,</HI> and by her Letter, to de&s;ire him to &s;tand by them.
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Queen upon this, puts her &s;elf and the King into the Protection of the Prince of <HI>Conde.</HI></NOTE> But then &s;he did this very privately, and by her <HI>Emi&s;&s;aries,</HI> that &s;he might not alienate the hearts of the People, and of a great part of the Nobility, from her, by &s;eeming to promote the new Religion, and by the Envy of that, be excluded from having any &s;hare in the Government. In the mean time, that &s;he might con&s;ult her own &s;afety, &s;he went with the King of <HI>Navar</HI> to <HI>Melun,</HI> whither <HI>M. de Marle,</HI> and <HI>Claude Martel,</HI> one of the
<NOTE N="*" PLACE="marg">Ae<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="pdcc" EXTENT="1 letter">ili<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="pdcc" EXTENT="1 letter">.</NOTE> Officers of <HI>Paris,</HI> who was in great e&s;teem among&s;t the People, came to her, and repre&s;ented the great Danger <HI>Paris</HI> was expo&s;ed to by the Forces of the Prince of <HI>Conde,</HI> and &s;aid, it was nece&s;&s;ary She and the King &s;hould come thither forthwith, and he having many armed Men about him, he de|&s;ired the Citizens might have their Arms re&s;tored to them, which had been ta|ken away by <HI>Montmorancy:</HI> which la&s;t, &s;he rather delayed, than denied, becau&s;e &s;he &s;aw they would have them whether &s;he would, or no. From thence &s;he went to <HI>Fontain-bleau,</HI> to gain time to con&s;ider what was to be done, and was in &s;u&s;pence whether &s;he &s;hould go for <HI>Orleans,</HI> whither <HI>Conde</HI> was going, or tru&s;t to the Regal Authority, and go to <HI>Paris. Navar</HI> went in the mean time from <HI>M<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="pdcc" EXTENT="1 letter">an</HI> to <HI>Paris,</HI>
<PB N="72" REF="37" MS="y">and Lodged with <HI>Montmorancy,</HI> where, there was a Council held every day, with|out the Prince of <HI>Conde:</HI> And the Government of the City was taken from young <HI>Montmorancy,</HI> by the Advice of his Father, and given to the Cardinal of <HI>Bourbon.</HI></P>
<P>Every thing now tended to an open rupture,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">All things in <HI>France</HI> tend to a Civil War.</NOTE> and rumours were &s;pread abroad, that the Catholicks, in all Parts of the Nation, were ill u&s;ed by the Prote&s;tants, which Reports were (true, or fal&s;e) &s;et on foot by the Cardinal of <HI>Lorrain.</HI> The Po|pulace was exa&s;perated, and having regain'd their Arms, were the more enraged for the having had them taken away; and therefore could no longer be kept in order. The Prince of <HI>Conde</HI> &s;eeing his Danger, that he might not &s;eem to expo&s;e his own Party to the &s;ury of their Enemies <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="pdcc" EXTENT="1 word"> propo&s;ed to the Cardinal, that he would leave the City, if <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> and the oth<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="pdcc" EXTENT="2 letters"> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="pdcc" EXTENT="1 letter">onfederates would do &s;o too at the &s;ame time, that it might not be endanger <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="pdcc" EXTENT="1 word"> an inte&s;tine Sedition; which was accepted, and the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> went to <HI><GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="pdcc" EXTENT="3 letters">tainbleau,</HI> with a great Retinue, to the King and Queen, and the Prince of <HI>Conde,</HI> went to <HI>Meaux,</HI> and <HI>la Ferte Au|coulph</HI> upon the <HI>Marne.</HI> As &s;oon as they were thus gone, M. <HI>de Marle</HI> took into the City MD men for its Security, which <HI>Montmorancy</HI> the younger had refu&s;ed to do while&s;t the City was under his Care: The Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e,</HI> when he went to <HI>Fon|tain-bleau,</HI> carried with him many Armed men, that he might fright the Queen from her Cabals with the Prince of <HI>Conde,</HI> and &s;o draw her, by a &s;ecret Fear, to joyn with him;
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Queen out of Fear joyns with the Catholick Lords com|monly call'd the <HI>Triumvi|rate.</HI></NOTE> and the Stratagem took. She had before carefully enquired into the Numbers and Riches of the Prote&s;tants, that &s;he might know, what &s;he and the King might expect from them, but &s;he could not be a&s;&s;ured of any thing, only that there were 2150 A&s;&s;emblies in the Nation, the Delegates of which proffered her and the King their Services in ca&s;e of Nece&s;&s;ity; but when &s;he de&s;ired a more par|ticular and exact account, they &s;u&s;pected, &s;he had &s;ome ill de&s;ign again&s;t them, and declined giving her an exact account of their Secrets, reflecting on her incon&s;tancy which they much &s;u&s;pected.</P>
<P>In the mean time,
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Conde</HI> comes up towards <HI>Fontain-bleau.</HI></NOTE> <HI>Conde</HI> was coming to Court as the Queen had ordered him, and was at <HI>Pont Sainct Clou,</HI> within two Miles of <HI>Fontain-bleau;</HI> which when the Queen heard, all things were put into Confu&s;ion, as if a Siege had been expected, the Populace running into di&s;order, and the Magi&s;trates conniving at it. Nor was the di&s;order le&s;s in the Court. The Queen fearing, not without cau&s;e, that &s;ome mi&s;chief would en&s;ue if <HI>Conde</HI> came up; the Confederates being in po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ion of the King, and re&s;olving to carry him and the Queen to <HI>Paris.</HI> The Queen would gladly have &s;tood Neuter, but the Confederates told her plainly, they knew <HI>Conde</HI> was come to get the King into his Power,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The <HI>Tyiumvi|rate</HI> &s;eize the King.</NOTE> and they were re&s;olved to carry him to <HI>Paris,</HI> and if &s;he plea&s;ed, &s;he might follow him; and &s;o they carried him to <HI>Melun,</HI> not giving her any time to con&s;ider of it. The Queen followed, and took &s;uch Lodgings as they a&s;&s;igned her in the Ca&s;tle. Here &s;he would have made her E&s;cape with the King, if the Jealou&s;ie of the Confederates had not prevented it; They knowing this would give a great Reputation to the Party that could gain it, and make the oppo&s;ite Party look like Rebels. Next Morning the Queen fell to flatter the Confederates to get them to go back to <HI>Fontainbleau,</HI> and that &s;he might &s;peak with <HI>Conde.</HI> But the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> di&s;appointed all her Projects, and carried the King and his Brother to the Ca&s;tle <HI>de Vincennes,</HI> within two Miles of <HI>Paris,</HI> the <HI>King weeping, as if he had been carried into Captivity by force.</HI></P>
<P>The next Morning, <HI>Montmorancy</HI> entred <HI>Paris,</HI> pull'd up the Seats and Pulpit of the Prote&s;tant Meeting-Hou&s;e near Port <HI>St. Jean</HI> in the Suburbs, and burnt them publickly, the people rejoycing greatly at it. And in the Afternoon did the &s;ame thing without <HI>Port de St. Antoine,</HI> to another &s;uch Hou&s;e, but here the Fire took the next Hou&s;es, which abated the Joy, though there was at la&s;t too much be&s;towed on &s;o ridiculous an Enterprize. Upon this, many good Men were injured by the Rabble in the Streets, as being &s;u&s;pected in the Point of Religion, yet it came not to Blood.</P>
<P>The next day after,
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Montmerancy</HI> appears very zealous again&s;t the Prote&s;tants at <HI>Paris.</HI></NOTE> the King and the Queen were brought up to the <HI>Louvre,</HI> the Confederates pretending they were not &s;afe el&s;ewhere. And here they began to talk of Declaring a War again&s;t the Prince of <HI>Conde,</HI> which was oppo&s;ed by the Chancellor, who&s;e Judgment was &s;lighted by <HI>Montmorancy,</HI> becau&s;e he was a Gown-man. But he replied, That tho he was no Soldier, yet he knew very well, when War was fit, and when not; but the violence of the Confederates at la&s;t ex|cluded him from that Con&s;ultation.</P>
<PB N="73" REF="37" MS="y">
<P>The Prince of <HI>Conde</HI> was coming towards the Court, but hearing that the Queen out of levity or fear was joyned with the <HI>Triumvirate,</HI> and was gone to <HI>Paris,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Prince of <HI>Conde</HI> betray|ed by the Queen into a di&s;advantage|ous War.</NOTE> he &s;eeing the Enemy in po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ion of the King's Per&s;on, concluded they had got a great Advantage over him, and yet that the Die being ca&s;t, it was too late to go back, &s;o he went to <HI>Orleans</HI> to meet <HI>d' Andelott,</HI> and &s;ent to <HI>Coligni</HI> the Admiral to come thither to him. <HI>Innocent Tripier de Monterud</HI> was then Governour of <HI>Or|leans</HI> for <HI>Charles de Bourbon Prince de la Roche-&s;ur-Yon,</HI> he, in the beginning had been very favourable to the Prote&s;tants, and had equally imployed them with the Catholicks in the Guard of the City; but &s;eeing the Queen was now joyned with the Confederate <HI>Catholick Lords,</HI> he changed his Mind and took in more Forces by &s;tealth, that he might thereby over-power the Prote&s;tants. But <HI>Andelott</HI> entering the place with a &s;mall Attendance quickly got together 300 of the Prote&s;tants,
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Orleans</HI> &s;urpri|zed by the Prince of <HI>Con|de.</HI></NOTE> and &s;eized St. <HI>John</HI>'s Gate, and immediately &s;ent to the Prince of <HI>Conde</HI> to come up, &s;o that though Mon. <HI>de Monterud</HI> endeavoured to recover this Po&s;t, yet it was in vain, and the Town fell into the Hands of the Prince of <HI>Conde,</HI> and <HI>Monterud</HI> was forced to obtain the Prince's Leave to be gone.</P>
<P>The Seventh of <HI>April</HI> the Prince of <HI>Conde</HI> &s;ent a Letter to all the Prote&s;tant Churches and Nobility in <HI>France,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Conde</HI> Ju&s;tifies the War.</NOTE> to bring to him all the Forces and Moneys they were able to rai&s;e, for the Re&s;cuing of the King out of Captivity, and the deli|vering him out of the Hands of &s;ome great Men, who had fir&s;t violated the Laws or Edicts of <HI>France,</HI> and then, &s;eizing the Per&s;on of the King by force, Abu&s;ed his Authority, to the breaking the Peace of that Kingdom. The next day he put out a <HI>Manife&s;to,</HI> wherein he largely unfolded the Truth, that the bottom of their De&s;ign was, to deprive the Prote&s;tants of <HI>France</HI> of that Liberty which had been granted them by the <HI>King's Edict,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Catholicks begin the War to deprive the Prote&s;tants of the Liberty granted them by the Edict of <HI>January.</HI></NOTE> which he proved among&s;t other things by the Ma&s;&s;acre of <HI>Va&s;&s;y,</HI> which he &s;aid was de&s;ign'd for a Signal to the whole Nation to do the like. He call'd God to Witne&s;s his only Intentions were, to re&s;tore the King and his Brothers, and the Queen and the Council, to their Liberty; to pre|&s;erve the Veneration due to the Royal Edicts, and e&s;pecially that &s;olemn Edict of <HI>January</HI> la&s;t, and to prevent the Moneys given by the States in the la&s;t A&s;&s;embly, for the payment of the Debts of the Crown, from being mi&s;pent, or turned to other u&s;es; for as for him and his, they would manage this War at their own Charges. He de&s;ired, that while&s;t the King was in their Power, no Credit &s;hould be given to any Edict, Warrant, or Commi&s;&s;ion, though under the great Seal, or Signed by the King. As for his Brother the King of <HI>Navar,</HI> he &s;hould pay him always the Re&s;pect that was due to his Character and Place, but he de&s;ired, the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> and his Brothers, and <HI>Montmorancy</HI> &s;hould lay down their Arms, re&s;tore the King and his Council to their liberty, and &s;uffer the Edict of <HI>January</HI> to continue in force till the King were of Age, and then he would lay down his Arms, and he and his would return to their own homes. If they refu&s;ed the&s;e ju&s;t and equal Con|ditions, and attempted any thing with force again&s;t him, he &s;aid, he would not bear it, but would re&s;cue the King and his People from their violence; and they &s;hould an&s;wer for all the Calamities and Mi&s;eries which &s;hould follow.
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Prince of <HI>Conde</HI> and the Mini&s;ters write to the Princes of <HI>Germany.</HI></NOTE> He wrote two days after this to the Princes of <HI>Germany,</HI> and ordered the Mini&s;ters to do &s;o too, that the greater Credit might be given to his, to the &s;ame purpo&s;e. And in the Conclu&s;ion, de&s;ired they would not be wanting to the King, Queen and King|dom at a time of &s;o much need, nor &s;uffer them&s;elves to be prejudiced by the fal&s;e pretences of his Enemies, but rather would &s;upport and &s;trengthen him in the War which he had engaged in, for the Glory of God, and the Safety of the King and Kingdom. The 11th of <HI>April</HI> he cau&s;ed the League which the Prote&s;tants had entred into, to be printed al&s;o, which was to la&s;t only till the King &s;hould be of full Age to undertake the Government of his Kingdom in his own Name; and at the &s;ame time, he cau&s;ed that entred into by the <HI>Triumvirate</HI> to be printed, which they pretended was Confirm'd by the Authority of the Council of <HI>Trent,</HI> which was about that time opened.</P>
<P>The &s;ame Seventh day of <HI>April,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The King and Queen affirm they were at Liberty in their Declara|tion.</NOTE> the King and Queen put out a Declaration at <HI>Paris,</HI> wherein they affirmed, that the report of their Captivity was fal&s;e, and &s;candalou&s;ly feigned by the Prince of <HI>Conde,</HI> for a colour to his Seditious Practi&s;es: And that they came willingly, and not by force, to <HI>Paris,</HI> that they might con&s;ult of the means of &s;ettling this Commotion. The Third day after, another Paper was Publi&s;hed by the <HI>Queen, Navar, Bourbon, the Cardinal and Duke of Gui&s;e,</HI> and <HI>Mentmo|rancy,</HI> by the Advice of <HI>Aumale, the Chancellor, St. Andre, Bri&s;ac</HI> and <HI>Montmorancy</HI> the Younger, for the Confirming the Edict of <HI>January,</HI> the Pardon of all pa&s;t offences,
<PB N="74" REF="38" MS="y">and forbidding the troubling or endangering any Man on the account of Religion. And giving liberty to the Prote&s;tants to meet and Preach any where, except in <HI>Paris,</HI> and the Suburbs thereof. At the &s;ame time an Envoy was di&s;patched to the Ele|ctor Palatine, and the re&s;t of the Princes of <HI>Germany,</HI> to con&s;ult them about the Council of <HI>Trent.</HI></P>
<P>About the &s;ame time there was a Barbarous Ma&s;&s;acre made of the Prote&s;tants at <HI>Sens,</HI> by the Procurement of <HI>Hemar,</HI> Pre&s;ident of <HI>Sens,</HI> and, as it was believed, not without the knowledge of the Cardinal of <HI>Gui&s;e,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Ma&s;&s;acre of <HI>Sens.</HI></NOTE> who was Archbi&s;hop of that See, who was thereupon &s;aid to have had a hand al&s;o in that of <HI>Va&s;&s;y.</HI> There was a report &s;pread in the City, that the Prote&s;tants had a de&s;ign to &s;urprize the City and deface the Images, whereupon the Rabble ro&s;e and drowned in the River, and Slew, in all, 100 People of all Ages and Sexes, Plundered and pull'd down their Hou&s;es, and rooted up their Vines; of which <HI>Conde</HI> made a grievous Complaint to the Queen, in a Letter of the 19th of <HI>April.</HI> But there being many Complaints of the like nature, brought from other parts of the Nation again&s;t the Prote&s;tants, the thing was neglected. And <HI>Davila</HI> takes no notice of it. About the &s;ame time many Cities, throughout the Kingdom of <HI>France,</HI> were &s;urprized by the Prote|&s;tants, which was in many places not po&s;&s;ible to be done without Slaughter and the Profanation of the Churches, though their Captains at fir&s;t carried them&s;elves as moderately as they could.</P>
<P>The Prince of <HI>Conde</HI> under&s;tanding by a Letter he received from the <HI>Elector Palatin,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Princes of <HI>Germany</HI> much divided about the true cau&s;e of this <HI>French</HI> War.</NOTE> That the Princes of <HI>Germany</HI> were much divided about the Cau&s;es of this War, and E&s;pecially the Catholicks: He wrote a Letter to <HI>Ferdinand</HI> the Emperor the 20th of <HI>April,</HI> to inform him of the Cau&s;es of the&s;e Tumults, a&s;&s;erting the King and Queen were carried away again&s;t their wills, and that he had been for|ced to betake him&s;elf to Arms, to re&s;tore them to their former Liberty; and therefore he be&s;eeched the Emperour to favour him, as an A&s;&s;erter of the Royal Intere&s;t.</P>
<P>The 15th of <HI>April,
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Roan</HI> taken very ea&s;ily by the Prote|&s;tants.</NOTE> Roan</HI> was taken by the Prote&s;tants almo&s;t without any Tu|mult or Re&s;i&s;tance; And when <HI>Henry Robert de la Mark</HI> Duke <HI>de Bouillon,</HI> Gover|nour of <HI>Normandy,</HI> was &s;ent thither by the King of <HI>Navar,</HI> to Command them in the King's Name to lay down their Arms, they &s;lighted his Authority, and gave Rea&s;ons for what they had done, alledging, among&s;t others, the Attempts upon the Prote&s;tants at <HI>Amiens</HI> and <HI>Abbeville,</HI> which, they &s;aid, were &s;ufficient to terrifie the mo&s;t Peaceable from laying down their Arms; but then they were willing to deliver the Keys of the City to him, and to keep it for his u&s;e, and in his Name. He leaving the City thereupon, they took St. <HI>Catherine</HI>'s, a Mona&s;tery without the City, and put a Gari&s;on into it. A Tumult ari&s;ing the next Night, &s;ome of the Catholicks were &s;lain, and others put into Pri&s;on. So from the Third of <HI>May</HI> till the City was re-taken, the Exerci&s;e of the <HI>Romi&s;h</HI> Religion was totally omitted.
<NOTE PLACE="marg">And after that <HI>Pont del' Arche</HI> and <HI>Caudebec.</HI></NOTE> Soon after they took <HI>Pont de l' Arche,</HI> which, being taken by the <HI>Roman Catholicks,</HI> the Prote&s;tants took <HI>Caudebec</HI> beneath <HI>Roan,</HI> and when they might have demoli&s;hed it, they endeavoured to keep it, but it was &s;oon after re-taken by the <HI>Roman Catholicks,</HI> and &s;o the City was re&s;train'd on both &s;ides. Upon this, 300 Hor&s;e and 1500 Foot were &s;ent again&s;t them, which for &s;ome time had the better of the Citizens.
<NOTE PLACE="marg">Diepe.</NOTE> The Prote&s;tants took <HI>Diepe</HI> the 21th of <HI>April</HI> without any Re|&s;i&s;tance, and pull'd down the Images and Altars in the Churches. The 21th of <HI>June, Aumale</HI> left <HI>Roan</HI> and Be&s;ieged <HI>Diepe.</HI> In the County of <HI>Calais</HI> the Prote|&s;tants were the &s;tronger.
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Caen</HI> and <HI>Bayeux.</HI></NOTE> <HI>Caen, Bayeux</HI> were al&s;o taken and Reform'd by the Pro|te&s;tants.</P>
<P><HI>Mans</HI> was taken by the Prote&s;tants the Third of <HI>April</HI> without Re&s;i&s;tance,
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Mans</HI> taken by them.</NOTE> and in the mean time Forces were rai&s;ed by both Parties, the Queen in her Heart being plea&s;ed to &s;ee the Prince of <HI>Conde</HI> E&s;pou&s;e her Cau&s;e, and de&s;iring to abate the Pride of the <HI>Gui&s;es,</HI> and therefore &s;he was earne&s;t to have a Treaty, hoping by this means to have both the Parties at her Devotion. The Prince of <HI>Conde,</HI> the fir&s;t of <HI>May,</HI> had &s;ent her a Letter with &s;ome Terms for an Accommodation, which were, That the Edict of <HI>January,</HI> which had been violated by the Con|&s;pirators, &s;hould be ob&s;erved. 2. The Injuries committed upon the Prote&s;tants, &s;everely puni&s;hed by the Magi&s;trates. 3. <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> and his Brothers, and <HI>Montmo|rancy, &amp;c.</HI> who had rai&s;ed this War, &s;hould leave the Court, and return to their &s;everal Governments, till the King was of Age to undertake the Government, and determine him&s;elf this Controver&s;y. And then he would lay down his Arms, and retire to his home. The Fourth of <HI>May</HI> it was An&s;wered, That the King would ob|&s;erve
<PB N="75" REF="38" MS="y">the Edict of <HI>January</HI> every where but at <HI>Paris.</HI> That all Slaughters, Spoil|ings and Injuries committed, &s;hould be inquired into and puni&s;hed, but he would not &s;end <HI>Gui&s;e, Montmorancy,</HI> and St. <HI>Andre</HI> from the Court, becau&s;e he was &s;a|tisfied as to their Loyalty, needed their Coun&s;el, and ought not to &s;et any Mark of Di&s;honour on them. But then they were willing for the &s;ake of the Publick Peace to retire, if tho&s;e that were in Arms in <HI>Orleans</HI> and all over the Nation would fir&s;t go home, re&s;tore the Places taken by them to their former Liberty, and yield that Obedience to the King they ought, and that the King of <HI>Navar</HI> &s;hould &s;till retain the Command of the Army. The Prince of <HI>Conde</HI> perceiving by this An&s;wer that the <HI>Triumvirate</HI> were re&s;olved not to leave the Court, and that they only pretended the Danger of laying down their Arms before him, without taking any Notice of the <HI>Ho&s;tages</HI> he had offered fot their <HI>Security</HI> in that ca&s;e, &s;u&s;pected there was fraud in the bottom, and would not comply neither, alledging, That the King's Pre&s;ence was their &s;ecurity, whereas he had nothing but the Equity of his Cau&s;e to Plead.</P>
<P>After this the Triumvirate put in a Petition to the King,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Trium|virate de&s;ire no liberty &s;hould be granted to the Prote|&s;tants.</NOTE> De&s;iring that an Edict might be made, 1. That no Religion but the <HI>Roman</HI> Catholick &s;hould be Admitted in the Kingdom. 2. That all the King's Dome&s;ticks, Captains, Go|vernours and Magi&s;trates &s;hould be of that Religion, and whoever did not pub|lickly profe&s;s it, &s;hould be deprived of all Honour and Publick Employments, &s;a|ving to them their E&s;tates. 3. That all Bi&s;hops and Clergymen &s;hould profe&s;s the &s;ame, or be deprived of their Revenues, which &s;hould be brought into the Ex|chequer. 4. That all the Churches which were de&s;troyed, &s;poil'd, or defaced, &s;hould be re&s;tored, and tho&s;e that were guilty of the&s;e Sacriledges puni&s;hed. 5. That all &s;hould lay down their Arms, upon what pretence &s;oever they had been Li&s;ted, or by whom &s;oever. And they that had no Commi&s;&s;ion from the King, &s;hould be treated as Traitors. That the King of <HI>Navar</HI> only &s;hould have the Right of Levying Men, till the&s;e Troubles were ended by a Treaty or a Victory, and they to be paid out of the Trea&s;ury. And on the&s;e Terms they were willing not only to leave the Court, but the Nation, and to go into Exile: And till this was done, they could not leave the Court. This was An&s;wered at large by ano|ther Paper Printed the 20th of <HI>May</HI> with great &s;harpne&s;s.</P>
<P>The 26th and 27th of <HI>May</HI> the King of <HI>Navar</HI> commanded all the Prote&s;tants to depart from <HI>Paris,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Triumvi|rate draw out of <HI>Paris.</HI></NOTE> ordering that no injury &s;hould be done to them or their Goods in their retreat or ab&s;ence on pain of Death: And perceiving that no|thing could be effected by Treaties, the Triumvirate drew their Forces out of <HI>Paris,</HI> con&s;i&s;ting in Four thou&s;and Foot and Three thou&s;and Armed Hor&s;e, about which time the Queen invited the Prince of <HI>Conde</HI> to a Conference, and they met in the beginning of <HI>June</HI> at <HI>Thoury</HI> a Village in <HI>la Beau&s;&s;e,</HI> with all the Cau|tions u&s;ual in &s;uch Ca&s;es. But that Treaty proving ineffectual, the Prince of <HI>Conde</HI> drew his Army out too, which was then Four thou&s;and Foot and Two thou&s;and Hor&s;e. The Prince of <HI>Conde</HI> had more of the Nobility of <HI>France</HI> in his Army than the other fide, either out of Love to the Religion, or hatred to the <HI>Gui&s;es,</HI> or by the &s;ecret Orders of the Queen.
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Prince of <HI>Conde</HI> main|tain great Or|der in his Army at fir&s;t.</NOTE> Be&s;ides his Army had a &s;evere Di&s;ci|pline, and Publick Prayers were &s;aid Morning and Evening at the head of each Company: There were no Oaths, no Quarrels heard of, but the <HI>P&s;alms</HI> were devoutly Sung in the Camp, there was no Dice, no Tables, no Rapines, all was Mode&s;ty, and the lea&s;t Faults were &s;everely puni&s;hed, &s;o that the Country Man or Merchant might live or travel by the Army in perfect &s;ecurity; and their great de&s;ire was, that they might be led again&s;t <HI>Paris.</HI> The 21th of <HI>May</HI> the Army marched from <HI>Orleans,</HI> and there was another Treaty for a Peace, and another Conference with the Queen,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">A &s;econd Treaty be|tween the Queen and <HI>Conde.</HI></NOTE> who <HI>thanked him and all the Great Men that came with him for the good Service they had done her and the King, in a time of &s;uch great need; &s;aying they were worthy of the highe&s;t Rewards and Honours, and praying them to per&s;e|vere in it, and to Con&s;ult the good of the Kingdom.</HI> She excu&s;ed what &s;he had done in the mean time for the other Party, by &s;aying, They were more in number who embraced the <HI>Roman</HI> Catholick Religion, and therefore it was nece&s;&s;ary there &s;hould be no other Religion &s;uffered in <HI>France</HI> than that. At this <HI>Conde</HI> replied he could not &s;ubmit to &s;o hard a Condition. <HI>For if the Peace of Religion were taken away, a War would follow, which would be very difficult and la&s;ting.</HI> This proving ineffectual too, the Prince of <HI>Conde</HI> marched to <HI>La Ferte Alez,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Boigency</HI> &s;ack'd. <HI>Blois.</HI></NOTE> and took and &s;ack'd <HI>Boigency,</HI> a Town upon the <HI>Loire.</HI> The Triumvirats Army marched right to <HI>Blois</HI> which the Prote&s;tants had taken not long before, and Gari&s;on'd, but the Place be|ing
<PB N="76" REF="39" MS="y">weak, they retreated to <HI>Orleans,</HI> and left it to the Catholicks, who Exerci&s;ed unheard of Cruelties, and put mo&s;t of the Prote&s;tants to the Sword, or drown'd them in the River, though they recovered the Town without one blow &s;triking. From thence they marched to <HI>Tours,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">Tours.</NOTE> which had but a little before been &s;urprized and reformed by the Prote&s;tants, contrary to the will of the Wi&s;er People, who forclaw the ill con&s;equence of it. The Country in the mean time was expo&s;ed to Rapine, under pretence of Extirpating Hereticks, the great Men conniving at it, or being well plea&s;ed: And a War was Proclaimed again&s;t the Prote&s;tants, and all Men were commanded to treat them as the Enemies of Mankind, on the account of the Sacriledges committed in the Churches, becau&s;e the Church Plate was taken to be Minted for Money to pay the Army, and the Images and Altars were generally beaten down where the Prote&s;tants prevail'd. Whereupon the Pea&s;ants left their Work, and fell to Rob and Plunder their Neighbours, and to exerci&s;e unheard of Cruelties and Barbarities, they thinking the Prote&s;tants were to be treated like Mad Dogs. This forced the Gentry in a &s;hort time to Arm again&s;t them, and they treated the Monks and Prie&s;ts in their own Kind, and Hang'd up tho&s;e <HI>Catholick Pea&s;ants.</HI></P>
<P>The <HI>Prote&s;tants</HI> took <HI>Angers</HI> the 5th of <HI>April,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Angers</HI> taken by the Prote|&s;tants.</NOTE> almo&s;t without any oppo&s;ition, and both Parties lived peaceably to the 21th, when they pulled down the Images in the Churches; which &s;o incen&s;ed the <HI>Roman Catholicks,</HI> that, the 5th of <HI>May,</HI> they let in Succours in the Night; whereupon followed a Fight, in which, the <HI>Pro|te&s;tants</HI> were wor&s;ted, and the <HI>Roman Catholicks</HI> prevailed. The other Party were plunder'd, whereupon &s;ome Women were ravi&s;hed, and others &s;lain, to the Num|ber of about eleven.
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Tours</HI> retaken by the <HI>Roman</HI> Catholicks.</NOTE> <HI>Tours</HI> being retaken, all the <HI>Prote&s;tants</HI> were, by one means or another, made away, the Pre&s;ident of the City not e&s;caping their Cruelty, be|cau&s;e he was &s;u&s;pected to be a <HI>Prote&s;tant,</HI> tho' he had never declared him&s;elf &s;uch; &s;o that the Governours were forced to erect Gallows, to put a &s;top to the bloody Barbarity, which they them&s;elves had rai&s;ed in the People. The Prote&s;tants of <HI>Mans</HI> were much affrighted,
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Mans</HI> de&s;erted by the Prote|&s;tants.</NOTE> when they heard of the Ma&s;&s;acre of tho&s;e of <HI>Tours,</HI> becau&s;e they al&s;o had broken down the Images, and pulled up and defaced &s;ome of their Tombs. Whereupon, the 12th of <HI>July,</HI> they left the City in the Evening, to the number of 800, and went to <HI>Alenzon.</HI> The Bi&s;hop, upon this, put in 500 <HI>Roman Catholicks</HI> for a Gari&s;on, who reacted all the Cruelties upon the <HI>Prote&s;tants,</HI> and &s;uborned Men to &s;wear again&s;t &s;uch, as, they &s;uppo&s;ed, had defaced the Ima|ges, or prophaned the Churches, whereupon they were &s;everely puni&s;hed for others Faults: The Bi&s;hop had a great hand in this, and was turned a Soldier, and treated all &s;uch as he &s;u&s;pected, of the Clergy, very hardly; nor did he &s;pare the Churches Trea&s;ures more than the <HI>Prote&s;tants</HI> had done, but took them to pay his Soldiers, rai&s;ing, be&s;ides, great Contributions on the People for that purpo&s;e. There were, in the Cathedral Church, the Images of the twelve Apo&s;tles, of Sil|ver, of great Weight, and adorned with many Jewels, and the Bi&s;hop had carried them to his Ca&s;tle <HI>de Trouvoy in Maine,</HI> for their greater Security; but that being taken afterwards, they were lo&s;t, and the Bi&s;hop was &s;u&s;pected of having converted them to his own u&s;e; and going, after this, to the Council of <HI>Trent,</HI> it was &s;aid, <HI>He mu&s;t needs have the Holy Gho&s;t, becau&s;e he carried the twelve Apo&s;tles with him:</HI></P>
<P>The 13th of <HI>May,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">Amiens.</NOTE> the Prote&s;tants were forbidden their Meetings at <HI>Amiens,</HI> their Books &s;ought out and burnt, and, among&s;t them, all the Bibles they found in <HI>French,</HI> and the Pulpit with them, and &s;ome few of them were flain in the Tumult. At <HI>Abbeville,</HI> there was a greater Tumult rai&s;ed by the Roman Catholicks, and many of the Soldiers in the Ca&s;tle, and of the Inhabitants of the Town, were mur|dered, upon a pretence they favoured the Prince of <HI>Conde</HI>'s Intere&s;t, and the Governour of the Town was a&s;&s;a&s;&s;inated in his Hou&s;e, and his naked Body was dragged about the Town; and another Gentleman mo&s;t barbarou&s;ly murdered. At <HI>Senlis,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">Senlis.</NOTE> many of the Prote&s;tants were a&s;&s;a&s;&s;inated, and &s;ome were put to death by the Decree of the Parliament of <HI>Paris</HI> on other pretences. I have tran&s;cribed only a very few of the horrid and in&s;ufferable Villanies, committed by the Roman Catholicks of <HI>France,</HI> in this War, from <HI>Thuanus:</HI> For &s;o madly did they dote upon their Images and Altars, that when ever they got any of the Prote&s;tants into their hands, they treated them with unheard-of Cruelty and Rage; whereas, all their Fury &s;pent it &s;elf on the Statues, Pictures, Altars, and Relicks, of their Churches, or in &s;ome places on their Tombs; and if &s;ome few Slaughters happened, in was in the Surprize, or taking of Places, before they were ma&s;ters of them; but the Roman Catholicks raged mo&s;t, where the Prote&s;tants were lea&s;t able to re&s;i&s;t them.</P>
<PB N="77" REF="39">
<P>The Prince of <HI>Cond&eacute;</HI> hearing, that his Party was wor&s;ted in <HI>Normandy,</HI> &s;ent <HI>Lewis de Lanoy</HI> with three hundred Hor&s;e, who, with &s;ome difficulty, arrived at <HI>Roan</HI> the 11th of <HI>June,</HI> and rectified the Di&s;orders he found in that place;
<NOTE PLACE="marg">Normandy.</NOTE> the Prote&s;tants would have expell'd the Roman Catholicks out of the City, but he per|&s;uaded them only to di&s;arm them, and &s;wear them to live peaceably. <HI>Roan,</HI> in a &s;hort time after this, was be&s;ieged, from the 29th of <HI>June,</HI> to the 11th of <HI>July,</HI> by the Roman Catholicks, but then they were forced to withdraw, and the City re|mained in the Prote&s;tants hands. In the interim, a Treaty was carried on by the <HI>Vidame de Chartres,</HI> with Queen <HI>Elizabeth,</HI> for Succours, which di&s;plea&s;ed many, tho' the Roman Catholicks, in the mean time, had called in <HI>German</HI> and <HI>Swifs</HI> Auxi|liary Forces, to &s;upport their Quarrel. The Roman Catholick Army,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The <HI>Roman</HI> Catholicks re|take <HI>Poictiers</HI> and <HI>Bourges.</HI></NOTE> in the mean time, took <HI>Poictiers,</HI> after a &s;harp Siege, which yet might have holden out longer, where they plundered the Prote&s;tants, and put many of them to the Sword: And after that, <HI>Bourges,</HI> being be&s;ieged by the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e,</HI> was, at la&s;t, &s;urrendered by the Cowardize or Treachery of Mr. <HI>de Yvoy,</HI> the chief Commander, when the Roman Catholicks had almo&s;t &s;pent all their Ammunition, and the Admiral had taken that which was &s;ent to &s;upply them from <HI>Paris.</HI> The taking this place, &s;o &s;ar di&s;couraged the Prote&s;tants, that a great many places yielded upon the fir&s;t Sum|mons.</P>
<P>The Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e,</HI> and his Party, after they had taken <HI>Bourges,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Siege of <HI>Roan</HI> re&s;olved on.</NOTE> were divided in their Opinion, &s;ome advi&s;ing, the Army &s;hould march to the Siege of <HI>Orleans,</HI> as the Capital of the adver&s;e Party; and others, that they ought fir&s;t to take in <HI>Roan,</HI> as more ea&s;y to be reduced, and of no le&s;s advantage, becau&s;e preventing the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> from powering great numbers of Men into <HI>France:</HI> So at la&s;t this Party prevailed, and that Siege was undertaken.</P>
<P><HI>Montgomery,</HI> who by misfortune &s;lew <HI>Henry</HI> the Second, was, by the Prince of <HI>Cond&eacute;,</HI> appointed to command here in Chief, who entered the place the 18th of <HI>September,</HI> with 300 Hor&s;e; and having added &s;ome new Works to St. <HI>Catherins,</HI> he built a new Fort at St. <HI>Michaels,</HI> which he called by his own Name.
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Terms of the Prote|&s;tants League with <HI>England.</HI></NOTE> About the &s;ame time, a League was concluded between the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> and the Prote&s;tants, at <HI>Hampton-Court;</HI> by which, the Queen was to &s;end 6000 men into <HI>France,</HI> 3000 of which, were to keep <HI>Haure de Grace</HI> in the King's Name, for a place of Safety for tho&s;e of the Religion, and the re&s;t were to be employed in the Defence of <HI>Diep</HI> and <HI>Roan,</HI> and &s;he was to &s;upply 140000 Crowns for the Charge of the War; the Forces were immediately &s;ent from <HI>Port&s;mouth,</HI> and landed at <HI>Haure de Grace,</HI> under the Command of the Earl of <HI>Warwick.</HI> The 28th of <HI>September,</HI> the Forces of the <HI>Triumvirate</HI> came before <HI>Roan,</HI> being then 16000 Foot, and 2000 Hor&s;e. <HI>Montgomery</HI> had, be&s;ides the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> and the Town&s;men, 800 Veterane Soldiers, for the Defence of the City. The Be&s;iegers would have &s;topped the pa&s;&s;age of the River, by &s;inking Ships in it; but the violence of the Tide cleared the Chanel, &s;o that the Frigates came from <HI>Haure de Grace,</HI> with Canon, Ammunition, and Victual, notwith&s;tanding. The 6th of <HI>October,</HI> St. <HI>Catherins</HI> Fort was taken by Storm and Surprize, and 300 Town&s;men beaten back, who came to relieve it. The 9th of <HI>October,</HI> 500 <HI>Engli&s;h,</HI> under the Lord <HI>Gray,</HI> entered the Town. The 13th of <HI>Octo|ber,</HI> the Be&s;iegers &s;tormed the City, from 10 'till 6 at Night, the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> and <HI>Scotch</HI> &s;u&s;taining the brunt, and at la&s;t repelling them, the next day they &s;tormed it 6 hours more, to the lo&s;s of 600 men. The 15th of <HI>October,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The King of <HI>Navar</HI> &s;hot at the Siege of <HI>Roan.</HI></NOTE> the King of <HI>Navar</HI> was &s;hot in the left Shoulder with a Musket Bullet in the Trenches. The 25th of <HI>October,</HI> there was a &s;harp Fight at St. <HI>Hillary</HI>'s Gate, three Mines being &s;prung to &s;mall purpo&s;e. The next day, the City was taken by Storm, the greate&s;t part of the brave Men having been &s;lain, or wearied out, in the continual labours of the Siege. <HI>Montgomery,</HI> and the greate&s;t part of the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> and <HI>Scotch,</HI> &s;hipped them|&s;elves in a Galley, and breaking the Chain, which the Be&s;iegers had drawn cro&s;s the River, they e&s;caped to <HI>Haure de Grace.</HI> There were &s;lain in this Siege, about 4000 Men on both &s;ides. The 17th of <HI>November,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">He dyes.</NOTE> the King of <HI>Navar</HI> died of his Wounds, having received the Sacrament according to the Cu&s;tom of the Church of <HI>Rome;</HI> but blaming his own wavering and uncon&s;tant temper in the matters of Religion, and &s;aying, If he recovered, he would embrace the <HI>Augu&s;tane Confe&s;&s;ion, and live and dye</HI> in it. He was a per&s;on of great Beauty, of a generous and li|beral Di&s;po&s;ition, a good Soldier, ju&s;t, and fit for bu&s;ine&s;s, but too much addicted to Plea&s;ures, which at la&s;t proved fatal to him, and drew him into this War.</P>
<PB N="78" REF="40" MS="y">
<P>The Queen had entered a Treaty with the Inhabitants of <HI>Diep,</HI> for the reco|very of that place, before <HI>Roan</HI> was taken, and they were amazed with the Dan|gers that City was in,
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Diep</HI> &s;urren|der'd to the King.</NOTE> and the depredations the <HI>German</HI> and <HI>French</HI> Hor&s;e made upon them; that &s;o &s;oon as they heard <HI>Roan</HI> was taken, they &s;ent a Petition to the King, who granted them all that they de&s;ired, but the publick Exerci&s;e of their Religion: Whereupon, part of them went away with the <HI>Engli&s;h,</HI> and the re&s;t retired to <HI>An|twerp,</HI> and other places in the Low-Countries; So the Town was delivered up to the young <HI>Montmorancy</HI> the &s;econd of <HI>November,</HI> who obtained leave from the Queen,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">And al&s;o <HI>Caen.</HI></NOTE> for them to meet privately for the Exerci&s;e of their Religion. The &s;ame Conditions were granted to them of <HI>Caen.</HI> The next Care, was, to clear <HI>Haure de Grace</HI> of the <HI>Engli&s;h,</HI> whither the Earl of <HI>Warwick</HI> came, two days after the &s;urrender of <HI>Roan.</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Diep</HI> retaken by the Prote|&s;tants.</NOTE> The 20th of <HI>December,</HI> the Prote&s;tants &s;urprized <HI>Diep</HI> again, without any con&s;iderable oppo&s;ition, the Inhabitants no way con&s;enting to it, and excu&s;ing it to the Queen, as done without their aid, knowledge, or con&s;ent, and thereupon great numbers of them went into the <HI>Low-Countries,</HI> fearing they &s;hould be treated with the &s;ame Cruelty, as they of <HI>Roan</HI> had been, when that City was taken, for which, they were ill u&s;ed by <HI>Montgomery,</HI> who was the procurer of this Surprize.</P>
<P>The News of the lo&s;s of <HI>Roan,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Prote|&s;tants beaten in <HI>Guienne.</HI></NOTE> was brought to the Prince of <HI>Cond&eacute;,</HI> when he was in great pain for <HI>Andelett,</HI> &s;ent by him into <HI>Germany,</HI> to bring him &s;ome Pro|te&s;tant Forces: This ill News came attended with the defeat of Mon&s;ieur <HI>de Burie,</HI> in which, 2000 were &s;lain in the Field, and many more lo&s;t in the Retreat the 9th of <HI>October.</HI> The &s;ame day this Victory was won at <HI>La Ver</HI> in <HI>Guienne;</HI> Mon|&s;ieur <HI>de Bazourdan</HI> attempted to &s;urprize <HI>Montauban</HI> in the night, which proved ineffectual, and he lo&s;t 200 of his Men in this de&s;ign. From thence, they marched to <HI>Tholo&s;e,</HI> which was then al&s;o in the hands of the Prote&s;tants, and reduced to great Extremities; but the Inhabitants being &s;upported by the frequent Sermons of their Pa&s;tors, were encouraged to hold out, and, on the contrary, the Sieur <HI>de Terride</HI> thought it a great di&s;paragement to be baffled here too, and grew &s;tubborn in his Re&s;olves to carry this place, becau&s;e his Forces had mi&s;carried at <HI>Montauban,</HI> and &s;o the Siege was continued, till the Pacification in <HI>April</HI> following. In this Siege, <HI>Sazourdan</HI> was &s;lain, the 22th of <HI>October,</HI> by a Shot from the Town.</P>
<P>The Sieur <HI>d'Andelott,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Andelot</HI> hardly obtains Suc|cours in <HI>Ger|many.</HI></NOTE> who was &s;ent into <HI>Germany</HI> to obtain Succours, met with great Difficulties, the Court of <HI>France</HI> having &s;ent one Envoy after another to break his Mea&s;ures, and render the Prote&s;tant Princes aver&s;e to War: And when the Emperour had called a Diet to meet in <HI>November,</HI> for the choo&s;ing <HI>Maximilian,</HI> his Son, King of the <HI>Romans,</HI> the Prince of <HI>Cond&eacute;</HI> &s;ent one <HI>Jaques Spifame,</HI> hereto|fore Bi&s;hop of <HI>Nevers,</HI> an eloquent and brisk Man, who gave in the Confe&s;&s;ion of Faith, publi&s;hed by the <HI>French Prote&s;tants</HI> in the A&s;&s;embly of the States, for the vin|dicating them from the a&s;per&s;ions of tho&s;e mon&s;trous Opinions, which their Enemies had rai&s;ed from them. He al&s;o made three elegant Speeches, one to the Emperour, one to <HI>Maximilian</HI> in his Bed-Chamber, and one to the three E&s;tates, to purge the Prince of <HI>Cond&eacute;</HI> of the Su&s;picion of Rebellion, and &s;hew, that the War was began by the Order of the Queen, and for the delivery of the King out of Re&s;traint. The <HI>Landtgrave</HI> of <HI>He&s;s</HI> in the mean time, the 10th of <HI>October,</HI> had a&s;&s;embled at <HI>Buca|rat</HI> 3000 Hor&s;e, and 4000 Foot; to which, the Prince <HI>de Porcean</HI> brought in 100 of the <HI>French</HI> Nobility on Hor&s;e-back, as far as <HI>Strasburg. D'Andelott</HI> was then afflicted with a Tertian Ague, yet he travelled with that Indu&s;try, that he arrived at <HI>Orleans</HI> the 6th of <HI>November,</HI> bringing up with him be&s;ides 300 Hor&s;e, and 1500 Foot, which had e&s;caped from the Rout at <HI>Ver.</HI> And very welcom they were, the taking of <HI>Roan,</HI> and the defeat of <HI>Ver,</HI> having reduced their Reputation, Forces,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Prince of <HI>Conde</HI> takes the Field.</NOTE> and Hopes, to a very low ebb: The Prince of <HI>Cond&eacute;</HI> hereupon marching out of <HI>Orleans</HI> the fir&s;t of <HI>November,</HI> with the whole Army, and a Train of Artil|lery, con&s;i&s;ting of 8 Pieces, the 11th of <HI>November,</HI> he took <HI>Pluviers,</HI> in the Forre&s;t of <HI>Orleans,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Pluviers</HI> taken by the Prince of <HI>Conde.</HI></NOTE> a populous Town, by Surrender; and becau&s;e they had pre&s;umed to defend it with 4 Foot Companies; he hanged two of the Captains, and all the Prie&s;ts he found in it, and di&s;arm'd the Common Soldiers, and made them take an Oath, that they &s;hould not hereafter bear Arms again&s;t him. In this place, he found great quantities of Provi&s;ions, part of which, he &s;ent to <HI>Orleans,</HI> and re&s;erved the re&s;t for the u&s;e of his Army. The Terror of this prevailed &s;o far upon the Gari&s;on of <HI>Baugy,</HI> that they dur&s;t not &s;tay for a Summons, but retired to <HI>Cha&s;teaudun. Mont|morancy,</HI> and the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e,</HI> were, by this time, returned from <HI>Roan</HI> to <HI>Paris;</HI> and the Mare&s;chal <HI>de St. Andre</HI> having in vain endeavoured to &s;top the pa&s;&s;age
<PB N="79" REF="40">of Mon&s;ieur <HI>d'Andelott,</HI> was come back to <HI>Sens,</HI> a City he &s;u&s;pected, from whence he went to <HI>E&s;tampes;</HI> but hearing the Prince of <HI>Cond&eacute;</HI> was near, he left two Compa|nies to defend that place, (who &s;oon &s;urrendered it) and retired towards <HI>Paris.</HI> Here al&s;o the Prince found great quantities of Provi&s;ions, which were of great u&s;e to his Army. Here the Prince of <HI>Cond&eacute;</HI> entered into a Con&s;ultation, whether they &s;hould march away for <HI>Paris,</HI> and take and rifle the Suburbs of that great City: But the King, Queen, and a numerous Army, being there, they concluded the City could not be taken; and con&s;equently, that this Ravage would turn to their damage and di&s;grace, and make a Peace difficult, if not impo&s;&s;ible, when &s;o many innocent People had been ruin'd and undone. To all this, <HI>Francis Lanoy</HI> added, that there was an appa|rent danger, whil&s;t the Soldiers were di&s;per&s;ed, and eager upon the Prey; that the Army might make a Sally out of <HI>Paris,</HI> and cut them in pieces, with little or no re&s;i|&s;tance. Having therefore taken <HI>La Ferte Aucoulph</HI> upon the <HI>Marre, Dourdan,</HI> and <HI>Mont-Leheri,</HI> he &s;ate down before <HI>Corbeil,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Corbeil</HI> be&s;ieg|ed by the Prince of <HI>Conde.</HI></NOTE> which was under the Government of Mon&s;ieur <HI>Pavan,</HI> with the Regiment of <HI>Picardy,</HI> and &s;ome Companies of that of <HI>Champagne;</HI> The taking of which place, and cutting off the Provi&s;ions, would have very much incommoded the City of <HI>Paris.</HI></P>
<P>The 17th of <HI>November,</HI> the Prince of <HI>Cond&eacute;</HI> &s;ummoned the place, and being denied it, a &s;mall Skirmi&s;h en&s;ued, and the next day <HI>S. Andre</HI> entered it with Suc|cours from <HI>Paris.</HI> About the &s;ame time, the News of the death of the King of <HI>Navar</HI> was brought into the Prote&s;tant Camp; and the Queen's Emi&s;&s;aries began to give out Speeches, that the Prince of <HI>Conde</HI> &s;hould &s;ucceed in his Po&s;t: And the Queen her &s;elf &s;ent to invite him to a Conference, which was rejected. The 22th, there was another Conference de&s;ired, which &s;erved for a pretence to withdraw the Army from <HI>Corbeil,</HI> which, by this time, was too well mann'd for the Prince to deal with; whereupon he marched towards <HI>Paris,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The two Ar|mies come in view of each other.</NOTE> the Catholick Army being then come up, and in &s;ight, &s;o that the two Armies pelted each other with their Can|non: Two days after, the Prince came to <HI>Juvicy,</HI> and the next to <HI>Sau&s;&s;aye;</HI> there the motion for a Conference was again renewed, and the Queen was to come as far as <HI>Port Angel</HI> for that purpo&s;e: But the Prince either not being well, or fearing &s;ome Treachery, excu&s;ed him&s;elf, and &s;ent <HI>Coligni</HI> to treat with <HI>Montmorancy,</HI> his Uncle. <HI>Montmorancy,</HI> on the other &s;ide, to di&s;&s;ipate the Prince's Jealou&s;ie, cro&s;&s;ed the <HI>Seyne,</HI> and came to him. From thence, the Prince marched on towards <HI>Paris,</HI> and, three days after, <HI>Coligni,</HI> who led the <HI>Vangard,</HI> attack'd the Suburbs of St. <HI>Victor,</HI> which cau&s;ed a grievous Con&s;ternation in <HI>Paris;</HI> &s;o that if there had been then no Gari&s;on in the City, the Inhabitants would have opened their Gates, and fled for their Lives; and <HI>Jacques Gillis,</HI> Pre&s;ident of the Parliament at <HI>Paris,</HI> a vio|lent Per&s;ecutor of the Prote&s;tants, died, for fear they were come to take Revenge on him for the Blood he had &s;hed, and he was &s;ucceeded by <HI>Chri&s;topher de Thou,</HI> a per&s;on of great moderation and integrity, and a lover of his Country, but ad|dicted to none of the Factions that embroiled <HI>France;</HI> who was promoted by the Queen. The Prince's Army con&s;i&s;ted then in 8000 Foot, 5000 Hor&s;e, and 7 Can|nons. The 2d of <HI>December,</HI> the Queen, attended by the Cardinal of <HI>Bourbon,</HI> the Prince of <HI>Roche &s;ur Yon, Montmorancy</HI> and his Son, and the Seigneur <HI>de Gonnor,</HI> met the <HI>Prince, Coligni, Genly, Gramont,</HI> and <HI>E&s;ternay,</HI> at a Conference.
<NOTE PLACE="marg">A Treaty with the Queen, and the Terms propo&s;ed by the Prince of <HI>Conde.</HI></NOTE> The Prince demanded, that the Prote&s;tants might freely meet, wherever they de&s;ired it, and not el&s;ewhere. That then the <HI>Engli&s;h,</HI> and other Strangers, &s;hould depart the Nation, and the Cities &s;hould be re&s;tored into their former State. That no per&s;on &s;hould be called to account for any thing done during the War. That there &s;hould be a free General Council held (if it might be had) within &s;ix Months; and if not, then a National Council of <HI>France.</HI> The Queen, as to the fir&s;t, excepted <HI>Paris, Lyons,</HI> the Cities on the Fronteers, all tho&s;e that had Parliaments, and all that had no Meetings &s;ince the Edict of <HI>January;</HI> the Churches to be re&s;tored, and no Exer|ci&s;es in them, but what was according to the ancient form, and <HI>Conde</HI> de&s;ired, they might meet in the Suburbs of the Fronteer Cities. The Conference was conti|nued four days, and then ended without any Agreement, the Prote&s;tants, by that time, being re&s;olved to try the Fortune of a Battel.</P>
<P>The 10th of <HI>December,</HI> the Prince withdrew the Army from <HI>Paris,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Prince marcheth to|wards <HI>Nor|mandy,</HI> to meet the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Succours.</NOTE> and retreated to <HI>Paloy&s;eau;</HI> the next day, he marched to <HI>Limoux;</HI> and the third, to <HI>Valenza,</HI> a place of Plea&s;ure; the fourth, to St. <HI>Arnoul,</HI> the Inhabitants of which, out of fear, &s;hut their Gates, whereupon it was taken and plundered, and the Prie&s;t &s;everely treated, and here the Army &s;tayed two days. The King's Army (for &s;o now it was called) marched to <HI>E&s;tamps,</HI> and finding it Gari&s;on'd by the Princes
<PB N="80" REF="41">Forces, they left it, and marched to <HI>Chartres,</HI> which was a &s;tronger place, and had a greater Gari&s;on. The Prince of <HI>Conde</HI> was enraged, to be thus deluded by a Sham-Treaty, and had &s;ome Thoughts to have return'd to <HI>Paris,</HI> which was wi&s;ely prevented by <HI>Coligni,</HI> who advi&s;ed him to march towards <HI>Normandy,</HI> and joyn with the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> at <HI>Havre de Grace,</HI> who had a good Body of Foot, which they wanted mo&s;t of all, and where they expected Money from <HI>England;</HI> which, tho' it was very difficult, yet the <HI>Germans</HI> beginning to be mutinous for their Pay, it was re&s;olved upon. The 15th of <HI>December</HI> he marched to
<NOTE N="*" PLACE="marg">Ablium.</NOTE> <HI>Ably,</HI> and the next day to <HI>Gallardon,</HI> which, refu&s;ing him entrance, was taken, and the Inhabitants ill u&s;ed; from hence, he went to <HI>Mintenon,</HI> where he cro&s;&s;ed the <HI>Seyne,</HI> and went to <HI>Aulnay.</HI> Here the King's Army overtook them, and pa&s;s'd the <HI>Eure</HI> before him unperceived;
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The King's Army over|take the Prince.</NOTE> there was in it 16000 Foot, and 2000 Hor&s;e, which lay encamped between the Villages of <HI>L'E&s;pine</HI> and <HI>Blainville,</HI> and the Hor&s;e, being fewer than tho&s;e with the Prince, was divided into four Squadrons, and placed between the Foot, which were covered by the&s;e two Villages on both &s;ides, and on the right hand with Wagons too; but the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> was with a Party of Hor&s;e on the left Wing.
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Battel of <HI>Dreux.</HI></NOTE> <HI>Andelot</HI> had that day a fit of his Tertian Ague, yet he took his Hor&s;e, and went to view the King's Army, and finding it very dangerous to attack them in that Po&s;t, advi&s;ed they &s;hould turn toward <HI>Treon;</HI> but <HI>Montmorancy</HI> ordered the Cannon to play ju&s;t as they were going to march that way, which cau&s;ed &s;ome di&s;|order in the fir&s;t Troops of <HI>Conde</HI>'s Army: Whereupon he fell in upon the <HI>Swi&s;s,</HI> whereas he ought to have charged the oppo&s;ite Hor&s;e, and by this means, be&s;ides, he expo&s;ed his own Foot naked to the Van-Guard of the Enemy, which pa&s;&s;ed by untouched; however, the <HI>Swi&s;s</HI> were broken into, and di&s;per&s;ed, and the <HI>German</HI> Hor&s;e made a great Slaughter of them. <HI>Danville,</HI> elde&s;t Son to <HI>Montmorancy,</HI> came thereupon with three Troops to their Relief, in which Action, <HI>Gabriel Montmorancy</HI> his Brother was &s;lain; <HI>Rochefoucault</HI> fell upon the next Squadron of <HI>Swi&s;s,</HI> but was repul&s;ed by their Pikes, with lo&s;s. At the &s;ame time, <HI>Coligni</HI> fell upon <HI>Montmorancy,</HI> who was in the Rere,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">&rindx; <HI>Montmorancy</HI> taken Pri&s;o|ner.</NOTE> and broke it all in pieces. <HI>Montmorancy</HI> had his Hor&s;e &s;lain under him, and as he mounted another, was wounded in the Face, and taken by one <HI>R. Sewart; Beauvais</HI> was al&s;o taken, but died &s;oon after of his Wounds: And <HI>Anglure de Givry,</HI> and the Duke <HI>de Aumale,</HI> were beaten down, and trod to Death by the Hor&s;e. The Regiment of <HI>Bretagne</HI> was al&s;o di&s;per&s;ed, &s;o that there was only one Squadron of <HI>Swi&s;s</HI> entire, which repelled the <HI>Germans,</HI> and there were &s;ome <HI>French</HI> Hor&s;e which make a Front; but at length they were charged in the Rere by <HI>de Mouy,</HI> but then he al&s;o was charged by <HI>Biron,</HI> with three Troops in the Flank, and &s;oon after taken, his Hor&s;e being &s;lain.</P>
<P>The Van-Guard, in which the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> &s;tood, was all this while entire; he was in the Army as a private Gentleman, and had no Command, becau&s;e he would not fight under <HI>Montmorancy:</HI> At his Advice, St. <HI>Andre</HI> fell then upon the Prince of <HI>Conde,</HI> when all his Forces were weary and di&s;per&s;ed, and fir&s;t broke the Prince's Foot, which were very much &s;laughtered by the <HI>Spaniards</HI> that followed the <HI>Ga&s;congners</HI> and <HI>Germans,</HI> who fir&s;t broke in upon them. After this, <HI>Gui&s;e, Damville,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">St. <HI>Andre,</HI> by the advice of the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e,</HI> turn the Fortune of the day, and gains the Victory on the King's &s;ide. The Prince of <HI>Conde</HI> taken Pri&s;oner. St. <HI>Andre</HI> &s;lain by <HI>Coligm.</HI></NOTE> and St. <HI>Andre,</HI> all united with the re&s;t of the King's Hor&s;e, fell upon the Prince's Hor&s;e, which, being di&s;ordered by three Field-pieces fired upon them, was &s;oon broken, <HI>Andelot</HI> doing all that was po&s;&s;ible to rally the <HI>Germans,</HI> but it proving impo&s;&s;ible, he rode to <HI>Teron,</HI> and at la&s;t e&s;caped. <HI>Conde</HI> and <HI>Coligni</HI> got to|gether 200 Hor&s;e, but could not per&s;uade the <HI>Germans</HI> to return to the Charge, they pretending, their Pi&s;tols were lo&s;t: They al&s;o di&s;ordered and di&s;couraged the <HI>French</HI> Hor&s;e, &s;o that the Prince of <HI>Conde</HI> was forced to flee; he had received a wound in the Hand, and his Hor&s;e was &s;hot in the Thigh, and fell; and <HI>Danville</HI> coming up, as he was remounting, he was taken Pri&s;oner: Soon after this, <HI>Montmorancy</HI> was in vain endeavoured to be recovered. In the interim, <HI>Coligni</HI> rallying 300 Armed Hor&s;e, and 1000 <HI>Germans,</HI> charged St. <HI>Andre,</HI> and the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e,</HI> with greater Fury than they had &s;hewed in the fir&s;t: In this Rencounter, St. <HI>Andre</HI> was &s;lain by one <HI>Baubigny,</HI> whom he had injured, after he was taken and carried off. He was a Per&s;on of great Natural Parts, but very lewd and wicked, tho' a Man of Courage; under <HI>Henry</HI> the Second he had been in good E&s;teem, and was now employed on the account of his Abilities. 'till the Divine Vengeance overtook him for his Crimes, and cut him off, by the Hand of one he lea&s;t feared of all the World; which may give great Men a good hint,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> force <HI>Coligni</HI> to Re|<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="pdcc" EXTENT="4 letters">.</NOTE> not to do Injuries, on pre&s;umption of their Power, but to revere Fortune. The King's Army was again declining, when the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> came up with a Party of Foot, and charging <HI>Coligni</HI> in the Flank, he retreated,
<PB N="81" REF="41" MS="y">becau&s;e not &s;upported with equal Numbers, but with a &s;oft pace, and carrying off two Pieces of Cannon. The Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> followed him a while, but Night com|ing on, he was forced to give over the Pur&s;uit. <HI>Coligni</HI> went to <HI>Neufville,</HI> and <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> returned to the Camp. The fight la&s;ted four hours. It was ob&s;erved, there was no <HI>Forlorn Hope,</HI> tho' the Armies faced each other an hour before the Fight began. That both the <HI>Generals</HI> were taken, and the Victory changed &s;everal times between them, and was at la&s;t doubtful, to whom it belonged.
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Coligni</HI> would have &s;ought the next day.</NOTE> <HI>Coligni</HI> would have per&s;uaded the <HI>Germans</HI> to fight the next day, which had certainly ruined the King's Army, if they would have done it, but they would not. The Duke of <HI>Nevers</HI> was mortally wounded by a Servant of his own, by accident. There was about 8000 &s;lain, of which, 3000 were Prote&s;tants. 1500 <HI>Germans</HI> were taken by the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e,</HI> and &s;ent home without Arms. <HI>Montmorancy</HI> was hurried to <HI>Orleans,</HI> and <HI>Conde</HI> was kindly treated by the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e,</HI> who was now become General in the King's Army: That Night, they two lay together in one Bed, as well as &s;upped at one Table, to both their great Commendations. The next day, the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> &s;ent an account of what had happen'd to the Queen to <HI>Paris,</HI> who, by this time, was &s;ufficiently afraid of his prevailing Fortune, tho' &s;he had no great Good-will for the Prince of <HI>Conde;</HI> but then &s;he rarely di&s;&s;embled her Thoughts, and ordered publick Thanks to be given to God for the Victory, and &s;ent the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> a Commi&s;&s;ion, to be General of the King's Forces.</P>
<P>The day after the Fight,
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Coligni</HI> Gene|ral of the Pro|te&s;tants.</NOTE> <HI>Coligni</HI> drew up the remainder of the Prote&s;tant Army in Battel array, and marching towards the Enemy, that he might ob&s;cure the Fame of the overthrow, and recollect &s;uch as had e&s;caped: He lodged that Night at <HI>Gailard,</HI> and the next at <HI>Aunea,</HI> a Ca&s;tle in <HI>Beau&s;e,</HI> where he was by common Con|&s;ent made General, during the ab&s;ence of the Prince of <HI>Conde.</HI> From thence, he marched to <HI>Pui&s;et,</HI> and &s;o to <HI>Patey,</HI> where he &s;tayed two days, and then de|&s;igned to &s;urpri&s;e &s;ome Forces he heard were &s;ent to <HI>Blois;</HI> he followed them as far as <HI>Freteval</HI> in <HI>Vendo&s;me,</HI> and arrived at <HI>Baugy,</HI> with a de&s;ign to repair the Bridge, and di&s;per&s;e his Forces into Winter Quarters in <HI>Sologne</HI> and <HI>Berry,</HI> whither he heard the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> intended to &s;end his, that they might be the nearer to be&s;iege <HI>Orleans</HI> in the beginning of the Year.</P>
<P>Tho' there are &s;ome Particulars relating to the Year 1562, which I &s;hall here|after return to; yet I think it the be&s;t way, to carry on the Thread of the <HI>French</HI> Affairs to the end of the War here, and then return back to the other.</P>
<P>The Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e,</HI> in the beginning of <HI>January,</HI>
<MILESTONE N="1563" UNIT="year"> thought fit to &s;olicit <HI>Frederick Rol&s;hou&s;e,</HI> a Subject of the Landtgrave of <HI>He&s;&s;e,</HI> who &s;aid, He was &s;ent by his Ma|&s;ter, an old Friend and Allie of the Crown of <HI>France,</HI> to deliver the King from the Re&s;traint he was put under by the Enemies of his Government, and to a&s;&s;i&s;t the faithful Defenders of the <HI>French</HI> Intere&s;t: Thereupon, the 22th of <HI>January,</HI> the Queen went to <HI>Bloi&s;e,</HI> where &s;he publi&s;hed a Declaration in the King's Name and her own, to a&s;&s;ure the Landtgrave, That all tho&s;e Reports, which had been &s;pread abroad of the Re&s;traint of her and her Son, were fal&s;e, and &s;et on foot by the Prote&s;tants only, as a colour of their Sedition, that they might arm and rai&s;e Forces in <HI>Germany;</HI> and therefore &s;he hoped, that when he, and the re&s;t of the <HI>German</HI> Princes, &s;hould under&s;tand the truth of this, they would not aid or abet the Rebels of <HI>France</HI> again&s;t their lawful Prince, contrary to the Oaths given by their Ance&s;tors. This Declaration was &s;igned, for the greater confirmation, by <HI>Alexander,</HI> the King's younge&s;t Brother; <HI>Henry,</HI> Prince of <HI>Navar; Charles,</HI> Cardi|nal of <HI>Bourbon; Lewis de Bourbon,</HI> Duke <HI>de Monpen&s;ier;</HI> and <HI>Charles de Bourbon,</HI> Prince <HI>de Roche-&s;ur-Yon.</HI> Soon after the Fight al&s;o at <HI>Dreux,</HI> there was a General Pardon publi&s;hed, to all that &s;hould return to their Allegiance to the King.
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Pope fondly over|joyed with the Victory at <HI>Dreux.</HI></NOTE> When the Pope heard of this Victory, he was &s;trangely joyed at it, conceiving, this one Battel would put an end to the Power of the <HI>Prote&s;tants</HI> in <HI>France,</HI> he expecting that ef|fect from Force and Violence, which the <HI>French</HI> hoped for only from a Council. But however, he thought him&s;elf now delivered from a great part of his Cares, and made it his bu&s;ine&s;s to precipitate the Council, tho' he knew, the <HI>Germans</HI> would prote&s;t again&s;t it, whom he did not at all regard; and as for the King of <HI>France,</HI> he thought, the Joy of the Victory would give him &s;atisfaction enough. The Council was as much joyed as any body, but e&s;pecially the Cardinal of <HI>Lor|raine,</HI> for his Brother's good Fortune in this Battel, to whom all was a&s;cribed in a Speech made there the 10th of <HI>January.</HI></P>
<P><HI>Coligni</HI> entering <HI>Berry,</HI> led his Army to <HI>Ceel,</HI> the &s;econd of <HI>January,</HI> a place, which the Prie&s;ts of that Province had cho&s;en, to &s;ecure the Church Trea&s;ures in,
<PB N="82" REF="42">which now, to their great damage, they per&s;uaded the Town&s;men to defend, it being &s;oon taken, and all that Plate melted down, and the Inhabitants very &s;everely u&s;ed for their Re&s;i&s;tance, and &s;everal of them hanged, the Prie&s;ts e&s;caping in the Tumult. In <HI>Beau&s;&s;e,</HI> the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> took <HI>E&s;tampes,</HI> after which, he be&s;ieged <HI>Pluviers</HI> with 800 Hor&s;e, who took the Suburbs; the Gari&s;on of which, &s;allying out, retired to <HI>Orleans,</HI> leaving their Carriages behind them. Whil&s;t the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> was bu&s;ie in preparing Nece&s;&s;aries for the Siege of this great City, <HI>Andelot,</HI> who had undertaken the Defence of it, was as intent in fortifying and &s;toring the City with all things that were nece&s;&s;ary. There were in it 14 Companies of <HI>Germans,</HI> and 4 of Town&s;men, and many of the Nobility, all well Armed.</P>
<P>The Queen,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Prince of <HI>Conde</HI> carried to <HI>Blois.</HI></NOTE> when &s;he had &s;tayed a while at <HI>Chartres,</HI> went with the King to <HI>Blois,</HI> (as is &s;aid) carrying with them the Prince of <HI>Conde</HI> under a &s;trong Guard; from whence, &s;he &s;ent him to the Ca&s;tle of <HI>Onzain,</HI> a &s;trong place in <HI>Angoumoi&s;e. Coligni</HI> was, in the mean time, wholly intent on the appea&s;ing of the <HI>Germans,</HI> fearing they would mutiny for their Pay, which, he &s;aid, would be &s;ent in a &s;hort time from <HI>England;</HI> &s;o that, at la&s;t, he obliged them to promi&s;e, they would not de&s;ert him. The Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e,</HI> having quitted <HI>Beau&s;&s;e,</HI> was by this time come to <HI>Baugy,</HI> where there were &s;ome Skirmi&s;hes of no great con&s;equence between him and the Prote|&s;tants. Some mention was made al&s;o of a Peace, the Prince&s;s of <HI>Conde</HI> propo|&s;ing, That her Husband, and <HI>Montmorancy,</HI> &s;hould be &s;et at liberty to that end, but there was nothing done in it. The Sieur <HI>Boucart,</HI> a Commander under <HI>Coligni,</HI> was coming before, <HI>Trimoville,</HI> a Town upon the <HI>Loire,</HI> which was under one <HI>Potin,</HI> com|manded it to &s;urrender; which being refu&s;ed, he took it by force, and put the Inhabitants to the Sword; among&s;t whom, were 36 Prie&s;ts: From whence, he went to <HI>Gien,</HI> which was pre&s;erved out of his hands by three Companies of <HI>Spaniards,</HI> who were &s;ent thither for the approaching Siege of <HI>Orleans. Coligni,</HI> in the mean time, left <HI>Gergeau,</HI> and went to <HI>Orleans,</HI> to con&s;ult with the other Commanders what was be&s;t to be done, and there it was re&s;olved, the <HI>Germans</HI> &s;hould be &s;ent into <HI>Normandy,</HI> to be ready to receive their Pay out of <HI>England,</HI> which their Com|manders readily accepted; <HI>Coligni</HI> went with them, and <HI>Gramont</HI> undertook the defence of <HI>Orleans, Andelot</HI> being &s;ick. <HI>Coligni</HI> was all the way plied with Me&s;&s;ages from the Queen, for a Peace, to hinder his Journey: The fir&s;t of <HI>February,</HI> he arri|ved with 4000 Hor&s;e at <HI>Trcon,</HI> and took a view of the place, in which the late Battel was fought, from thence he went to <HI>Eureux:</HI> He took &s;oon after St. <HI>Pere de Melun,</HI> a rich Mona&s;tery, and finding great Riches in its Church, which had been given by the Sea-men, he took its Wealth, and, which was wor&s;e re&s;ented, de&s;troyed tho&s;e Images which were mo&s;t addre&s;&s;ed to in Di&s;tre&s;&s;es. Soon after, eight <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Ships came to <HI>Havre de Grace,</HI> in which, were five <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> Companies, eight Can|non, great quantities of Ammunition and Money; whereupon he re&s;olved to take the Ca&s;tle of <HI>Caen,</HI> before he went back to <HI>Orleans,</HI> and, the fir&s;t of <HI>March,</HI> rai&s;ed a Battery of four Cannon again&s;t it, and took it in a few days, tho' the Duke of <HI>El|boeuf</HI> was Commander of it, who mu&s;t have been taken too, but that <HI>Coligni</HI> was in ha&s;t to relieve <HI>Orleans.</HI></P>
<P>The Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> began the Siege of <HI>Orleans</HI> the 7th of <HI>February,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Siege of <HI>Orleans.</HI></NOTE> and attack'd the Suburb de <HI>Olivet,</HI> which <HI>Andelot</HI> had ordered to be de&s;erted; but, by the negli|gence of the <HI>Germans,</HI> had like the next day to have proved the lo&s;s of the City, <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> his Forces getting into it, before the <HI>Germans</HI> and <HI>French</HI> could withdraw, and fire the Hou&s;es; many of them peri&s;hed in the Crowd, at the pa&s;&s;age of the Bridge which led to the City, and was then imbara&s;&s;ed with the Goods the <HI>Germans</HI> had heaped up there: But <HI>Andelot</HI> making a &s;harp Sally at the Head of a Troop of Gentlemen, opened the way, and kept off the Enemy; it's &s;aid however, 800 of the Be&s;ieged peri&s;hed in this Tumult; others &s;ay, not half the number: But yet, however, it was a great lo&s;s, and much incommoded the City. Two days after, the other Suburbs were taken. The 18th of <HI>February,</HI> the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> wrote to the Queen, That the Siege was very forward, and that, in a few days, he &s;hould &s;end her the joyful News it was taken; but the &s;ame day, towards night, as he was riding with &s;ome Officers,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> wound|ed by one <HI>Pol|trot.</HI></NOTE> he was &s;hot in the Side by one <HI>John Poltrot,</HI> near his Arm|pit. This per&s;on was a Gentleman of <HI>Engoule&s;me,</HI> and brought up as Page in the Family of <HI>Francis Boucart</HI> Baron <HI>d' Aubeterre,</HI> and having in his Childhood lived in <HI>Spain,</HI> could imitate that Nation to a wonder, and was commonly called, <HI>The Little Spaniard,</HI> he had long &s;ince re&s;olved to be the death of this great Man, and had foretold it publickly, and was &s;o much the le&s;s &s;u&s;pected, becau&s;e he was thought a clo&s;e di&s;&s;embling Fellow. Being &s;ent by his Ma&s;ter to learn an Account
<PB N="83" REF="42">of the Battel of <HI>Dreux,</HI> he found <HI>Coligni</HI> at the Siege of <HI>Ceel,</HI> who gave him Money to buy a fleet Hor&s;e; after which he never returned to his Lord, and this made <HI>Co|ligni</HI> &s;u&s;pected, as con&s;cious of the De&s;ign. From thence he went to the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> his Quarters, and contracted an Acquaintance with his Servants, and this day after a Prayer to God to direct him, lying in wait, Shot him as he was returning home in the Evening. <HI>Poltrot</HI> fled into the next Wood, and they who pur&s;ued him could not find him; and when he had rode all night, and quite tired his Hor&s;e, next morning he came to <HI>Pont Olivet</HI> by <HI>Orleans;</HI> which being unknown to him, and there|fore thought by him to be very di&s;tant from the place he fled from, he laid him down to &s;leep, and was taken upon &s;u&s;picion by the Searchers, and being known, was brought to the Queen to St. <HI>Ilario,</HI> and Examined concerning the Fact, and by who&s;e Procurement he did it. He &s;aid, he had been twice &s;olicited to it by <HI>Coligni,</HI> and had at la&s;t con&s;ented to it upon the per&s;wa&s;ion of <HI>Beza</HI> and another Mini&s;ter, but he &s;aid, the Prince of <HI>Conde, Andelot,</HI> and the <HI>Sieur de Soubieze</HI> knew nothing of it. He advi&s;ed the Queen to have a care of her &s;elf too, becau&s;e the Prote&s;tants were ill affected to her &s;ince the Battel of <HI>Dreux,</HI> and that <HI>Monpen&s;ier</HI> and <HI>San&s;ac</HI> were al&s;o de&s;igned to be cut off: An Account of which Confe&s;&s;ion being &s;ent to <HI>Cologni</HI> by a <HI>German</HI> Pri&s;oner, the 12th of <HI>March</HI> he publi&s;hed a Paper in his own defence, in which he call'd God and Man to Witne&s;s, that he never &s;aw nor knew <HI>Poltrot</HI> before the la&s;t <HI>January,</HI> and he had given him Money and employed him as a <HI>Spie</HI> in the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> his Camp, That when he went into <HI>Normandy,</HI> he had given him 100 Crowns to acquaint <HI>Andelot</HI> with what pa&s;&s;ed there; and that all he had &s;aid be&s;ides were lies and fal&s;ehoods; That though he was not much concern'd for the death of the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e,</HI> who was an Enemy to the King, and to the Reformation, and all that Embraced it, yet he ever dete&s;ted the&s;e ways of Proceed|ing, and had never by him&s;elf or any other asked any &s;uch thing of <HI>Poltrot,</HI> though he had before this di&s;covered, and could prove &s;uch de&s;igns were entred into again&s;t <HI>Conde, Andelot,</HI> and him&s;elf, before the Queen and <HI>Montmorancy,</HI> to whom he had produced good A&s;&s;urances of it. <HI>Beza</HI> al&s;o in the &s;ame Paper, &s;aid, he never &s;aw <HI>Poltrot</HI> in all his Life; and <HI>Rochefocault</HI> &s;aid the &s;ame. <HI>Coligni</HI> &s;ent the &s;ame day a Letter to the Queen to intreat her to keep <HI>Poltrot,</HI> that the truth of his innocence might be made out from him, before he were Executed.
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Death and Character of the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e.</HI></NOTE> The Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> in the mean time died the 24th of <HI>February,</HI> having purged him&s;elf of the Ma&s;&s;acre of <HI>Va&s;|&s;ay,</HI> and Advi&s;ed the Queen to make a Peace as &s;oon as was po&s;&s;ible. He was a Great Man in the Opinion of his Enemies, a good Soldier, and both fortunate and prudent in his Actions, but falling into a divided Factious State, he was by his Bro|ther <HI>Charles,</HI> a violent Man, mi&s;led, though he often dete&s;ted his Advi&s;es. Though he had no Command in the Battel of <HI>Dreux,</HI> yet he alone procured the Victory, this made him the &s;ole General, and being terrible to the Prote&s;tants, it ha&s;tened his Ruine, but then it had ill Con&s;equences (though at fir&s;t it occa&s;ioned a &s;peedy Peace) in after times. The Children of the Duke growing up in the Civil Wars which followed, inherited the popularity of their Father, and under the Pretences of Religion, and the Sloath of the Kings of <HI>France,</HI> endeavoured fir&s;t to Revenge their Fathers Death on the Prote&s;tants, and at la&s;t turned their Arms again&s;t the Royal Family, to the great hazard of its Ruine and their own too.</P>
<P>Soon after the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI> was wounded, the Queen &s;ent <HI>Henry de Cloet,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Queen earne&s;tly de|&s;ires a Peace.</NOTE> and the Bi&s;hop of <HI>Limoges,</HI> to the Prince&s;s of <HI>Conde</HI> and <HI>Andelot,</HI> to treat of a Peace &s;everal times. And when he was dead, &s;he yet more earne&s;tly de&s;ired it, fearing <HI>Conde</HI> and <HI>Montmorancy,</HI> the Heads of the two Parties. Or, as <HI>Davila</HI> &s;aith, be|ing de&s;irous to drive out the Foreign Forces before they could &s;ettle them&s;elves, and above all, the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> out of <HI>Havre de Grace.</HI> Be&s;ides &s;he wanted a General to Head the Kings Forces, <HI>Montmorency</HI> being then a Pri&s;oner, and none of the re&s;t being equal to the Prince of <HI>Conde, Coligni,</HI> or <HI>Andelot;</HI> be&s;ides, the Royal Revenues were by the War reduced to &s;o low an Ebb, that they were forced to borrow of their Neighbours to &s;upport the War. In the mean time <HI>Francis de Briqueville Baron de Columbiers</HI> was employed by <HI>Coligni</HI> to take <HI>Bayeux,</HI> before which he came the 12th of <HI>February,</HI> and though at fir&s;t repul&s;ed, yet upon the bringing four Cannon from <HI>Caen,</HI> he took the City the Fourth of <HI>March,</HI> the Ga|ri&s;on helping him to plunder it, and many of the Inhabitants, e&s;pecially of the Clergy, were &s;lain, becau&s;e they were thought to have occa&s;ion'd the re&s;i&s;tance which was made. Soon after St. <HI>Lo</HI> was de&s;erted, and fell into the hands of the Prote&s;tants, and after it <HI>Auranches. Vire</HI> had expell'd the Prote&s;tants, and pre|tended to defend it &s;elf, but was taken by Storm towards Night, which increa&s;ed the Calamities of the Inhabitants. <HI>Honfleur</HI> was taken by <HI>De Mouy,</HI> the Fourteenth
<PB N="84" REF="43">of <HI>March.</HI> About this time <HI>Coligni</HI> having made <HI>Montgomery</HI> Governor of <HI>Nor|mandy,</HI> went from <HI>Caen</HI> with a gallant Army towards <HI>Li&s;ieux,</HI> where he was excluded by the Gari&s;on, and from thence to <HI>Bernay,</HI> which pre&s;uming to do &s;o too, he took the Town and made a great &s;laughter of the Inhabitants, de&s;troying all their Images and Altars, and handling their Prie&s;ts very &s;everely. The 7th of <HI>March</HI> the Prince of <HI>Conde</HI> and <HI>Montmorancy</HI> were brought to the I&s;land <HI>Boaria</HI> near <HI>Orleans</HI> under &s;trong Guards,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Treaty of Peace between the Prince of <HI>Conde</HI> and <HI>Montmorancy.</HI></NOTE> and a Treaty of Peace was opened: And <HI>Montmorancy</HI> declaring he would never con&s;ent to the Edict of <HI>January,</HI> other Conditions were propo&s;ed, to the great di&s;&s;atisfaction of the Prote&s;tants. <HI>Conde,</HI> upon his promi&s;e, had leave given him to enter <HI>Orleans,</HI> where he treated with the Prote&s;tant Mini&s;ters, but finding them re&s;olved to &s;tand to the Edict of <HI>January,</HI> the 12th of <HI>March</HI> he came to an Agree|ment with the Queen, which was &s;ub&s;cribed by the King the 19th of the &s;ame Month. The Terms of which were,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Articles agreed on.</NOTE> That, 1. All the Nobility &s;hould permit what Religion they plea&s;ed, who had Sovereign Authority, in their Juri&s;dictions. That all Noble|men &s;hould have the free Exerci&s;e of Religion in their Families, if they did not live in Corporate Towns. That in every Generalite or Prefecture one City &s;hould be a&s;|&s;igned for tho&s;e of the Religion. And, that wherever they had at this day a Liberty, they &s;hould &s;till enjoy it. All Offences were remitted, and the Royal Moneys &s;pent in the War; and <HI>Conde</HI> was acknowledged the Kings faithful and Loyal Kin&s;man; and the Nobility, Captains, and all others who had a&s;&s;i&s;ted him, were pronounced to have done all things for the Kings Service, and with a good Intention.</P>
<P><HI>Coligni</HI> was kept in <HI>Normandy</HI> by the Flattering Pro&s;perity of his Arms,
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Coligni</HI> not plea&s;ed with the Peace.</NOTE> and though he was, by many Letters from the Prince of <HI>Conde,</HI> pre&s;&s;ed to ha&s;ten his Journey to <HI>Orleans,</HI> yet he did not arrive there before the 23 of <HI>March.</HI> The next day he could not di&s;&s;emble his di&s;content at the Terms of the Treaty of Peace, telling the Prince publickly, <HI>That he wondered, how they could be prevailed upon to clap up a Peace upon &s;uch di&s;advantageous Conditions, when the Affairs of the Prote&s;tants were in &s;o flouri&s;hing a &s;tate. That they ought to have remembred, that in the beginning of the War, the</HI> Triumvirate <HI>had con&s;ented, that the Edict of</HI> January <HI>&s;hould be re&s;tored, and that now two of them</HI> (the King of <HI>Navar</HI> and the Duke of <HI>Gui&s;e</HI>) <HI>were &s;lain, and</HI> Montmorancy <HI>was their Pri&s;oner, and con&s;equently a Security for the Prince of</HI> Conde; <HI>Why &s;hould not they have had the &s;ame Terms? That the re&s;traint of the Profe&s;&s;ion of the Prote&s;tant Religion to one place in a Province, was to give up that by a da&s;h of the Pen, which their Sword could never have obtained. That what was granted to the Nobility could not be denied; and they would &s;oon &s;ee it was &s;afer to &s;erve God in the Suburbs of great Cities, than in their Private Families; and that it was uncertain whether their Children would be at all like them.</HI> But however nothing could re&s;cind an Agreement made by common con&s;ent. Thus ended the fir&s;t Civil War of <HI>France.</HI></P>
<P>I have tran&s;cribed this whole Account of the fir&s;t Civil War of <HI>France</HI> from the great <HI>Thuanus,</HI> abridging it as much as was po&s;&s;ible, and pur&s;uing the Actions only of the great Armies; becau&s;e if I had taken in all he relates of the various Actions be|tween the two Parties in the &s;everal great Cities and Provinces, it would have &s;well'd infinitely beyond the de&s;ign of this Work, or otherwi&s;e have been &s;o dark as not to be ea&s;ily intelligible. And if the Reader compare this &s;hort Account with that given by <HI>Davila,</HI> he will &s;oon &s;ee, how little the &s;incerity of that Hi&s;torian is to be relied on, and how &s;mall the Rea&s;on is, for him to treat the <HI>Huguenots</HI> as Rebels in all the Cour&s;e of this War.</P>
<P>When the War fir&s;t began, the Prote&s;tants acted purely on the defen&s;ive, but after &s;everal local Ma&s;&s;acres, they began to pull down Images and Altars in Revenge, for the blood-&s;hed of the other Party, and finding, to their co&s;t, this did but enrage the <HI>Roman</HI> Catholicks again&s;t them, and made them the more cruel, they fell next upon the <HI>Prie&s;ts</HI> and <HI>Monks,</HI> as the Authors of their Calamities, this more incen&s;ing the <HI>Roman</HI> Catholicks; And they again u&s;ing the mo&s;t horrid barbarities that were ever practi&s;ed by Men, the Prote&s;tants ro&s;e likewi&s;e in their Executions on them; &s;o that if this War had continued a few years, <HI>France</HI> mu&s;t have been depopulated. Now though in all this the <HI>Roman</HI> Catholicks were the fir&s;t Agre&s;&s;ors, and forced the Prote&s;tants to this &s;everity in their own defence, yet their Writers cunningly omitting the Provocation, or &s;ofting the Actions of their own Party, &s;et forth at large the Cruelties of the He|reticks, (as they call them) and many times aggravate them above what is true; but <HI>Thuanus,</HI> though a <HI>Roman</HI> Catholick, was too great a Man to be guilty of &s;o fal&s;e a repre&s;entation, and who ever plea&s;eth to con&s;ult him, will find, I have been very fa|vourable to the <HI>Roman</HI> Catholicks in this Ab&s;tract, and have not &s;ought occa&s;ions to make them odious without cau&s;e.</P>
</DIV1>
<DIV1 N="4" TYPE="book">
<PB N="85" REF="43">
<HEAD>A CONTINUATION OF THE HISTORY OF THE <HI>Reformation of the Church.</HI></HEAD>
<HEAD TYPE="sub">BOOK IV.</HEAD>
<ARGUMENT>
<HEAD>The CONTENTS.</HEAD>
<P><HI>The Cardinal of</HI> Ferrara <HI>leaves</HI> France. <HI>The Cau&s;es of the Delay of the Council. The Pope's Legates &s;ent to</HI> Trent. <HI>The Prohibition of Books taken into Con&s;ideration. The French Amba&s;&s;adors arrive at</HI> Trent. <HI>The French King's Reflections on the Proceed|ings of the Council. The French Clergy arrive there. The Pope's Fear of them.</HI> Maximilian <HI>Son of</HI> Ferdinand <HI>the Emperor cho&s;en King of the</HI> Romans. <HI>The Emperor di&s;likes the Proceedings of the Council. The Spani&s;h Amba&s;&s;adors received in the Council. The Fathers of</HI> Trent <HI>much Di&s;plea&s;ed with the Peace made in</HI> France. <HI>The Queen of</HI> Navarr <HI>cited to</HI> Rome, <HI>and many of the Bi&s;hops by the</HI> Inqui&s;ition. <HI>The French King's Declaration again&s;t the&s;e Proceedings. The Queen Mother of</HI> France <HI>complains of the Council. The Pope Gains the Cardinal of</HI> Lorrain <HI>to his Side. That Councils have no Authority over Princes. The Amba&s;&s;adors of</HI> France <HI>Prote&s;t again&s;t the Council, and retire to</HI> Venice. <HI>The Council ended. The Cen&s;ure of the Council. The State of Religion in</HI> Piedmont. <HI>A Tumult in</HI> Bavaria <HI>for the Cup. The Romi&s;h Rea&s;ons again&s;t granting Marriage to the Clergy and the Cup to the Laity. The Siege and Surrender of</HI> Havre de Grace. Charles <HI>the IX. declared out of his Minority. The Scotch Affairs.</HI></P>
</ARGUMENT>
<P>HAVING thus di&s;patched what concerns the fir&s;t <HI>French</HI> War,
<MILESTONE N="1562" UNIT="year"> I now return to the Affairs of the Re&s;t of Chri&s;tendom in the Year 1562. And here I will fir&s;t begin with the Hi&s;tory of the Council of <HI>Trent.</HI> Whil&s;t the recalling this Council was agitated with great heat,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Cardinal of <HI>Ferrara</HI> leaves <HI>France.</HI></NOTE> the Cardinal of <HI>Ferrara,</HI> the Pope's Legate in <HI>France</HI> after the Revo|cation of the Edict of <HI>January,</HI> &s;eeing all things there in the &s;tate he de&s;ired, he took his leave of the King and returned into <HI>Italy.</HI> Before he went, however, he took care to furni&s;h the King with Money to carry on the Siege of <HI>Orleans,</HI> which he took up of the Bankers of <HI>Paris.</HI> He had rai&s;ed a va&s;t Expectation of this Council in the minds of all tho&s;e who had yet any Kindne&s;s left in their Hearts for the <HI>See of Rome;</HI> and the more, becau&s;e they thought the Edict of <HI>January</HI> which had cau&s;ed the War, would then fall of Cour&s;e, it being made only by way of Provi&s;ion till a Council &s;hould determine otherwi&s;e. As the Cardinal was in his Journey Fifty Hor&s;emen came out of <HI>Orleans</HI> under the Command of one <HI>Mon&s;ieur Dampier,</HI> and &s;urprized all his Mules, Hor&s;es, and Trea&s;ures, and when he &s;ent a Trumpeter to demand them again, the Prince of <HI>Conde</HI> made An&s;wer, That this magnificent and warlike Equipage did not befit Pa&s;tors and the Succe&s;|&s;ors of St. <HI>Peter,</HI> but rather Commanders and Generals of War who were in Arms for Religion. Yet if he plea&s;ed to recal the 200000. Crowns which he had fur|ni&s;hed
<PB N="86" REF="44" MS="y">the <HI>Triumvirate</HI> with to carry on the War again&s;t him, and the <HI>Italian</HI> Forces out of <HI>France,</HI> he would then re&s;tore all he had taken to his Eminence.</P>
<P>The Council which was appointed to meet at <HI>Ea&s;ter</HI> of the former Year, was delay'd to the beginning of this;
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Cau&s;es of the Delay of the Council.</NOTE> the Pope putting it off, becau&s;e he was as much afraid of the <HI>Spani&s;h</HI> Bi&s;hops as of the <HI>French National Council.</HI> He had been ne|ce&s;&s;itated to grant great Contributions to King <HI>Philip</HI> to be levied upon his Clergy, and he thought the Bi&s;hops would on that &s;core come with exa&s;perated Minds to the Council; and all his Thoughts were bent on the keeping the Papal Power undimini&s;hed, rather than on &s;atisfying the ju&s;t Compaints of the Nations. At la&s;t being forced by an unre&s;i&s;table nece&s;&s;ity he &s;ent <HI>Hercules Gonzaga,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Pope's Legates &s;ent to <HI>Trent.</HI></NOTE> Jerom Seripand,</HI> and <HI>Stani&s;laus Ho&s;io</HI> out of his Bo&s;om, to be his Legates at <HI>Trent.</HI> And not long after he added to them <HI>James Simoneta,</HI> and <HI>Mark Sitico</HI> Bi&s;hop of <HI>Altem|berg</HI> in <HI>Tran&s;ylvania,</HI> who had orders to open the Council again the Eighteenth of <HI>January</HI> 1562. <HI>That tho&s;e things might be therein treated of which the
<NOTE N="*" PLACE="marg">Proponentibus Legatis.</NOTE> Legates &s;hould propo&s;e, and in the &s;ame Order, for the taking away the Calamities of the&s;e Times, the appea&s;ing the Controver&s;ies of Religion, the Re&s;training deceitful Tongues, the Correcting the Abu&s;es of depraved Manners, and the obtaining a True and Chri&s;tian Peace, by &s;uch means as the Holy Council &s;hould approve of.</HI> The <HI>French</HI> Clergy in&s;i&s;ted, That mention &s;hould be made of a <HI>Free and General Council</HI> to be call'd for the Quieting of their Differences, becau&s;e their Prote&s;tants would never &s;ubmit to the Determinations of the former Se&s;&s;ions. On the contrary, the <HI>Spaniards</HI> pro|fe&s;&s;ed they would only continue the former Council; and therefore they u&s;ed a middle way, and decreed, <HI>A Council &s;hould be Celebrated.</HI> The <HI>Spani&s;h</HI> Bi&s;hops were as much di&s;&s;atisfied becau&s;e all the Power of propo&s;ing was given to the <HI>Legates,</HI> and taken from the other Bi&s;hops, and complained of it to King <HI>Philip;</HI> who Ordered his <HI>Amba&s;&s;ador</HI> to treat the Pope about it, that the Council might be free. The Pope An&s;wered the Amba&s;&s;ador, <HI>That he was not at lei&s;ure to di&s;pute about Ablative Ca&s;es Po&s;itive, and the Genders of Words, and that he had &s;omething el&s;e to do.</HI> And in private he &s;poke of the Calamities and Dangers of <HI>France</HI> with the &s;ame unconcernedne&s;s. For when one of the <HI>French</HI> Cardinals deplored the Danger the See of <HI>Rome</HI> was in of lo&s;ing that Kingdom, he replied, <HI>What then? if as long as I am Bi&s;hop of this City I &s;hall not be forced to abate any thing of the Greatne&s;s of my Table, and the Magnificence of my Buildings.</HI> And when they in&s;i&s;ted to have the Manners of Men and the Di&s;cipline of the Church throughly Reform'd, he &s;aid, <HI>In that Particular he would &s;atisfie</HI> France <HI>to the full, and take &s;uch Care in it, that they &s;hould all of them Repent that they had mentioned a Reforma|tion.</HI> Adding, <HI>That he fore&s;aw that the Kingdom would be divided on the account of Religion, but he did not value the lo&s;s of it a Farthing.</HI> All which Expre&s;&s;ions &s;aith <HI>Thuanus, Are in the Letters of the French Amba&s;&s;ador that was then at</HI> Rome, <HI>out of which I have faithfully Tran&s;cribed them; and the Letters are now in my Hands.</HI> The Hi&s;tory of this Council is &s;o well de&s;cribed by <HI>Petro Soave Polano,</HI> a Venetian, which is in Engli&s;h, that I need the le&s;s in&s;i&s;t upon it; but I &s;hall however remark &s;ome few things from <HI>Thuanus</HI> and others, for the Enlarging or Confirming the Credit of that Hi&s;tory, which is much cryed down by the Roman Catholicks; as certainly they have good Rea&s;on to be offended with that Author, who with &s;o much Truth and Impartiality has di&s;covered the Artifices of that A&s;&s;embly, for the keeping up the Grandeur of the <HI>Court of Rome,</HI> and the Suppre&s;&s;ion and Baffling that Reformation, which the mo&s;t Learned of the Church of <HI>Rome</HI> then &s;o much de&s;ired and panted after.</P>
<P>The Second Se&s;&s;ion was held the Twenty &s;ixth of <HI>February,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Prohibi|tion of Books taken into con&s;ideration.</NOTE> in which a Decree pa&s;s'd again&s;t Reading Books &s;u&s;pected of Here&s;ie, and a &s;afe Conduct and an Invitation was given to all that would come to the Council. Seventeen Bi&s;hops were by Name appointed to bring in a Catalogue of &s;uch Books as were intended or thought fit to be Prohibited. <HI>Polano</HI> ob&s;erves, that they carried this &s;o high as to <HI>deprive Men of that Knowledge which was nece&s;&s;ary to defend them from the &V;&s;urpations of the Court of</HI> Rome, <HI>by which means its Authority was maintained and made Great. For the Books were Prohibited and Condemned, in which the Authority of Princes and Temporal Ma|gi&s;trates is defended from the &V;&s;urpations of the Clergy; and of Councils and Bi&s;hops from the &V;&s;urpations of the Court of</HI> Rome, <HI>in which their Hypocri&s;ies or Tyrannies are manife&s;ted, by which the People, under pretence of Religion are deceived. In &s;umm, a better My&s;tery was never found out than to u&s;e Religion to make Men in&s;en&s;ible.</HI> How|ever this may help to keep tho&s;e in their Church which they now have; it doth certainly by Experience render them very Contemptible to all others, and
<PB N="87" REF="44" MS="y">unable to defend their Religion; which is e&s;pecially true of their Laity.</P>
<P>The Fourth of <HI>March</HI> the bu&s;ine&s;s of the Safe Conduct was di&s;patched in a Congregation;
<NOTE PLACE="marg">A debate whe|ther Epi&s;copa|cy and Re&s;i|dence are of Divine Right.</NOTE> and a Debate was rai&s;ed and pur&s;ued with great Heat by the Spani&s;h Bi&s;hops, <HI>That Epi&s;copacy was in&s;tituted by God without any Medium; and that Re&s;idence and their Pastoral Deligence, in feeding their Flock, was of</HI> Divine Right, <HI>which they de&s;ired might be Confirmed by the Decree of the Council.</HI> But becau&s;e this tended to the E&s;tabli&s;hing the Authority of the Bi&s;hops, and the Abating that of the Pope, his Holine&s;s was much concern'd at it, and having con&s;ulted the Cardinals about it, they by common con&s;ent Delayed, and by ambiguous An&s;wers deluded the Fathers at <HI>Trent,</HI> and at la&s;t totally baffled them in this Point. The Second Se&s;&s;ion was appointed to be the Twelfth of <HI>April,</HI> which was then prorogued to the Fourth of <HI>June,</HI> and from thence to the Fifteenth of the &s;ame Month. In the mean time the King of <HI>France</HI> &s;ent <HI>Lewis de Sanct Gelais Sieur de Lan&s;&s;ac,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors Arrival.</NOTE> Arnold de Ferrier,</HI> Pre&s;iders of <HI>Paris,</HI> and <HI>Guy du Faur Sieur de Pibrac,</HI> his Amba&s;&s;adors to the Council, who arrived at <HI>Trent</HI> the Nineteenth of <HI>May. Lan&s;&s;ac</HI> &s;oon after wrote a Letter to give an Account of their being come to the French Re&s;ident at <HI>Rome,</HI> in which he &s;aid he thought they ought in the fir&s;t Place to take care that an Event contrary to their Expectation might not attend the Council; that the Pope &s;hould Order his <HI>Legates</HI> to &s;hew great patience to tho&s;e who &s;pake, proceed &s;lowly in all things, attend the Arrival of tho&s;e Bi&s;hops who were com|ing, and allow a Liberty without condition to all that were to Vote or Speak, and not fall under the old Reproach of having <HI>the Holy Gho&s;t &s;ent them from</HI> Rome <HI>in a Portmanteau;</HI> and la&s;tly, that they &s;hould take care that what was Decreed at <HI>Trent</HI> to the Glory of God, &s;hould not be malignantly Interpreted and Traduced; or, it may be, Corrupted at <HI>Rome</HI> by a Company of Idle Men: He de&s;ired therefore he would endeavour to obtain the&s;e things of the Pope, as he did; but the Pope took this Liberty very ill, and de&s;ired, That <HI>no Prejudice might be done to his Authority by the</HI> French <HI>Bi&s;hops.</HI> Adding, That <HI>he re&s;erved the Reformation of the Eccle&s;ia&s;tical Di&s;cipline, and of the Court of</HI> Rome <HI>to him&s;elf; and that he might with greater Convenience attend this and the Tran&s;actions at</HI> Trent, <HI>he intended to go to</HI> Bononia. The pretence of this Journey was the Crowning of the Emperor in that City, who was &s;aid to be coming thither for that purpo&s;e: But the reality was, the Pope was afraid the World &s;hould think him more &s;olicitous for the pre|&s;ervation of the Papal Power, than for his Pa&s;toral Cure.
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Demands of the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors in the Council.</NOTE> The Twentieth of <HI>May</HI> the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors were admitted in a Congregation, where they made an unacceptable Oration, an ab&s;tract of which is in <HI>Polano: Thuanus</HI> &s;aith, The Speech was made the Fourth of <HI>June,</HI> and that among&s;t other things they de&s;ired, That the Mi&s;&s;als and Breviaries might be Reformed, and the Lectures which were not taken out of the Holy Scriptures might be cut off; That the Sacrament of the Lords Supper might be allowed in both <HI>Kinds</HI> according to the de&s;ire of many Nations; And al&s;o the Liberty of eating Fle&s;h, and that the Severity of their Fa&s;ts might be abated; That Marriage &s;hould be allowed to the Clergy of &s;ome Countries; That the multitude of Humane Con&s;titutions &s;hould be retrenched, and Prayers in the Vulgar Tongue faithfully Tran&s;lated, mixed with the Latin Hymns. Before this the Amba&s;&s;ador of the Duke of <HI>Bavaria</HI> had al&s;o demanded the giving of the Cup in the Lords Supper to the Laity as ab&s;o|lutely nece&s;&s;ary for the Pre&s;erving tho&s;e who had not yet &s;eparated them|&s;elves from the Communion of the Church of <HI>Rome,</HI> but were much offended with this denial, and for the Recovery of tho&s;e who had left it. And according|ly there were about Fifty of the mo&s;t Learned of the Fathers of the Council who were for granting it, and among&s;t them <HI>Gonzaga</HI> Pre&s;ident of the Council, though all his Collegues di&s;&s;ented. But the <HI>Spani&s;h</HI> Bi&s;hops oppo&s;ed it, and others thought it was fit fir&s;t to &s;end Legates into <HI>Germany</HI> who &s;hould &s;ee and report it to the Council whether it were nece&s;&s;ary, and how it might be done. This was debated in a Congregation the Twenty eighth of <HI>Augu&s;t;</HI> but in the Twenty &s;econd Se&s;&s;ion held the Seventeenth of <HI>September</HI> it was rejected, and all were Anathe|matized, <HI>That did not allow the Church to have taken away the Cup from the Laity,</HI> &amp;c. <HI>upon ju&s;t Grounds.</HI> When the <HI>Germans</HI> &s;till in&s;i&s;ted that it might be granted again to &s;ome People; the Council to free them&s;elves from their importunity, turned them over to the Pope, who according to his Prudence was to do what he thought U&s;eful and Salutary. Before this the Pope being pre&s;s'd to Grant the <HI>Cup</HI> by the French Amba&s;&s;ador about a Year &s;ince, had referred it to the Conclave of Car|dinals, and they and he had referred it to the Council; and now the Council &s;ends it back to the Pope. <HI>Oh the &s;tupid Patience of the&s;e Men!</HI></P>
<PB N="88" REF="45">
<P>When <HI>Lan&s;&s;ac</HI> gave the King of <HI>France</HI> an Account of what had been done, he &s;aid in his An&s;wer, That he liked what had been done as yet at <HI>Trent;</HI> but could not but ob&s;erve that they went very &s;lowly about the Reforming of the Eccle&s;ia&s;tical Di&s;cipline,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The <HI>French</HI> Kings Refle|ctions on the Proceedings of the Council.</NOTE> and the Manners of the Clergy; and in the mean time were in great ha&s;te to E&s;tabli&s;h the Points of Doctrine; That therefore it was &s;u|&s;pected when this was with Levity enough perform'd, there would be an end put to the Council, and no care be taken for the former, that &s;o this procedure would afford no Benefit to the Church in this di&s;tracted State of Chri&s;tendom, and e&s;pecially to <HI>France.</HI> That about Thirty Years &s;ince, when Fire and Sword had &s;o un&s;ucce&s;sfully been imployed to Cure the Di&s;ea&s;e, all Men looked upon a Gene|ral Council as the Sheet-Anchor: That he wi&s;hed nothing had been done in the beginning of this Council for the Alienating the Minds of the Churches Enemies, but rather that they had by all means been allured, and invited to it; and if any had been prevail'd upon to come, that they &s;hould have been treated by the Fathers of the Council with Kindne&s;s and Humanity as Children. For to what end were all the&s;e careful and diligent Di&s;qui&s;itions and Di&s;putations concerning the Doctrine, &s;eeing there was no debate but between the Catholick and Prote&s;tant in the&s;e Points? And as to the Prote&s;tants their Definitions &s;ignified nothing, but only gave them Occa&s;ion to &s;ay their Opinions were condemned by the Council without hearing what they had to &s;ay for them: That therefore it &s;eemed more advi&s;able to have en|deavoured to have brought them into the Council; for fear they &s;hould in time withdraw all tho&s;e who adhere to the Church: For it was a vain furmi&s;e that the Prote&s;tants would ever &s;ubmit to tho&s;e Decrees which were made when they were ab&s;ent. That therefore he was of Opinion, That the Reforming the Man|ners of the Church-men, and the Di&s;cipline ought to be their fir&s;t and greate&s;t Care, and the other to be for a time &s;u&s;pended; for this would be acceptable to all Men. And la&s;tly, <HI>Lan&s;&s;ac</HI> was ordered to get the next Se&s;&s;ion Prorogued to the latter end of <HI>October,</HI> 1563. that the <HI>French</HI> Clergy might be pre&s;ent at it; or at lea&s;t that the publi&s;hing of the Canons might be deferred till then. When <HI>Lan&s;&s;ac</HI> had repre&s;ented all this to the Council, he de&s;ired in the King's Name, <HI>That &s;eeing in the former Se&s;&s;ions &s;ome things had been decreed to the prejudice of the Liberties of the</HI> Gallicane Church, <HI>it being an ancient Privilege belonging to them to repre&s;ent by their Kings, or their Amba&s;&s;adors, what they thought u&s;eful or nece&s;&s;ary for them, that this Liberty &s;hould for the future be pre&s;erved; and that if any thing were Acted to the contrary of it, it might be recalled.</HI> In the mean time, the Thir|teenth of <HI>November,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Cardinal of <HI>Lorrain</HI> and the <HI>French</HI> Clergy arrive at <HI>Trent.</HI></NOTE> the Cardinal of <HI>Lorrain,</HI> and about Forty of the <HI>French</HI> Bi|&s;hops came to <HI>Trent</HI> with &s;ome Divines, who were met without that City by the Pope's Legates, and &s;ome of the other Bi&s;hops, and of the Amba&s;&s;adors. In this Journey the Cardinal of <HI>Lorrain</HI> went to <HI>Inspruck</HI> to meet the Emperor before he went to the <HI>Diet</HI> at <HI>Francfort</HI> where he had &s;ome Conferences in private with that Prince about the Affairs of Religion.</P>
<P>The Pope and the Cardinals at <HI>Rome</HI> were alarm'd at this coming of the <HI>French</HI> Clergy,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Pope al|larm'd at it, as if &s;o many Ene|mies had in|vaded him.</NOTE> as if &s;o many Enemies had invaded them, and all things were in an Hurry to make Preparations again&s;t them. There were new Legates, and a new Squadron of <HI>Italian</HI> Bi&s;hops, who might out number the <HI>French,</HI> pre&s;ently to be &s;ent to <HI>Trent.</HI> And the Pope wrote to King <HI>Philip</HI> to Order the Bi&s;hops of his Dominions to unite their Coun&s;els and Votes with the <HI>Italian</HI> Bi&s;hops, that nei|ther the Rea&s;ons nor the Votes of the <HI>&V;ltramontane</HI> Bi&s;hops might prevail again&s;t them. And in his private Audience with <HI>L' I&s;le</HI> the <HI>French</HI> Re&s;ident at <HI>Rome,</HI> he ridicul'd the Cardinal of <HI>Lorrain,</HI> by calling him, <HI>The other Pope who had Three hundred thou&s;and Pounds the Year Revenue, out of &s;everal Eccle&s;ia&s;tical Benefices, when he</HI> (good Man) <HI>was content with the &s;ingle Bi&s;hoprick of</HI> Rome; <HI>and it is an ea&s;ie thing</HI> (&s;aith he) <HI>for the Cardinal with his belly full to prai&s;e Fa&s;ting, and admoni&s;h others to be content with one Benefice.</HI> The <HI>French</HI> King had &s;ent <HI>Francis de Bolliers, Sieur de Manes,</HI> to di&s;&s;ipate and remove this Jealou&s;ie of the Pope's, at the approach of the <HI>French</HI> Bi&s;hops, and to acquaint his <HI>Holine&s;s</HI> with his Intentions. For that it was com|monly &s;aid, That the Cardinal was &s;ent to get the Tran&s;actions in the Conference of <HI>Poi&s;ey</HI> la&s;t Year confirm'd by the <HI>Synod,</HI> That the Cup might be granted to the Laity, That the Clergy might be allowed Matrimony, That the Liturgy might be in the Vulgar Tongue, That the Bi&s;hops might have but one Dioce&s;s, and that none &s;hould be Elected to that Dignity who could not Preach to the People. As to the fir&s;t <HI>Manes</HI> excu&s;ed the Conference of <HI>Poi&s;ey,</HI> and &s;aid, It was appointed by the Queen and the Cardinal for the gaining time, and the retarding or keeping
<PB N="89" REF="45" MS="y">back tho&s;e inte&s;tine Commotions they fore&s;aw, and for the &s;topping the Mouths of the Sectaries, who complained every where that their Rea&s;ons had never been heard; <HI>That they de&s;igned in the Interim to levy Forces &s;o that if they could not convince the Sectaries by Rea&s;on, they might by force reduce them to their Duty.</HI> That nothing was done in that Conference. And as to the other Points the Cardinal and <HI>French</HI> Clergy had no other In&s;tructions than what had been &s;ent to the Amba&s;&s;adors of <HI>France,</HI> and that they brought no prejudged Opinions with them to the Council. The Pope was much concern'd upon the Ac|count of a Report that the Bi&s;hops of <HI>France</HI> had moved their King to &s;top the Payment of <HI>Fir&s;t Fruits</HI> by the Clergy of <HI>France</HI> to the See of <HI>Rome.</HI> And he &s;aid this was contrary to their Pacts and Agreements with him; which was, That this Affair &s;hould be tran&s;acted with the Pope only in a friendly way. But then after all, nothing &s;o much &s;tartled the holy Man as a Report, that a Peace was treating &s;ecretly with the Prote&s;tants, and that they would have Liberty given them to Preach and he fore&s;aw, that if <HI>France</HI> were once quieted, the Council could not be hurried to a Conclu&s;ion, but things would be well con&s;idered, and perhaps the Prote&s;tants mu&s;t be heard in it, and among&s;t them Queen <HI>Elizabeth</HI> of <HI>England,</HI> which he feared beyond Expre&s;&s;ion. For he thought the Cardinals of <HI>Lorrain</HI> and <HI>Ferrara</HI> were &s;o U&s;eful and Nece&s;&s;ary to the King of <HI>France,</HI> that he could never have &s;pared them to attend the Council, where there was no need of them if he had not had &s;ome &s;uch pe&s;tilent De&s;igns to promote. Whereupon he mu&s;tered up all the Prelates he could po&s;&s;ibly, not admitting any Excu&s;e,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Popes fears of the <HI>French</HI> Bi&s;hops never to be &s;topp'd.</NOTE> and &s;ent many al&s;o who had re&s;igned their Benefices to the Council, together with the Coadjutors of other Bi&s;hops, that &s;o he might have the more Votes, be|lieving he was now in the utmo&s;t degree of Danger; and as if he had not had enough of his own he borrowed &s;ome Prelates of his Friends too: And among&s;t them he got leave of the Duke of <HI>Savoy</HI> that <HI>Anthony Bobba</HI> Bi&s;hop of <HI>Ca&s;&s;ale,</HI> who was then that Princes Amba&s;&s;ador in the Court of <HI>Rome;</HI> and <HI>Lewis Vanini de Teo|dolis</HI> Bi&s;hop <HI>de Bertinoro,</HI> a Per&s;on of great Learning and Eloquence, who had ex|cu&s;ed his Attendance in the Council upon his want of Health, &s;hould now forth|with be di&s;patched to <HI>Trent.</HI> When this la&s;t was going thither, he is &s;aid to have con&s;olated and &s;trengthened the good Pope in his Anxiety and Fears of the Event, with an A&s;&s;urance, <HI>That he would certainly get the Victory over the Council,</HI> which was a very Acceptable Saying to the Pope; and that he for that good News Ki&s;s'd the Bi&s;hop of <HI>Bertinoro,</HI> when he took his Leave to go to <HI>Trent,</HI> bidding him <HI>be careful to get the Victory he had promi&s;ed him.</HI> And when after this &s;ome flying Reports came to <HI>Rome,</HI> that &s;ome Que&s;tions were moved in the Coun|cil to the prejudice of the Papal Authority by the Bi&s;hops, he was &s;o moved at it, that in the Con&s;i&s;tory before all the Cardinals, he cried out, <HI>he and the Romans were betrayed, while&s;t he maintained an Army of Enemies at</HI> Trent <HI>with great expence.</HI> By which expre&s;&s;ion he aimed at the <HI>Italian</HI> Bi&s;hops, who were his Pen&s;ioners, and kept there by him in great numbers. And <HI>Jo. Bapti&s;ta Adriani</HI> writes, He was ju&s;t upon the Point of inhibiting the Council, and had done it if <HI>Co&s;mus</HI> Duke of <HI>Florence</HI> had not averted him from that dangerous and &s;hameful project.</P>
<P>The 8th.
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Maximilian</HI> Son of <HI>Ferdi|nand</HI> cho&s;en King of the <HI>Romans. Polano</HI> in his Hi&s;tory of the Council of <HI>Trent,</HI> &s;aith the Election was made the 24th. of <HI>No|vember.</HI> So that the fir&s;t date &s;eems to be the day of the opening of the Diet.</NOTE> day of <HI>September Maximilian</HI> the Elde&s;t Son of <HI>Ferdinand</HI> the Emperor was cho&s;en King of the <HI>Romans</HI> at <HI>Francfort</HI> upon the <HI>Maine,</HI> in a Diet there a&s;&s;embled for that purpo&s;e. <HI>Stro&s;chen</HI> a <HI>Polander</HI> by birth, who was then Amba&s;&s;ador for <HI>Solyman</HI> the Emperor of the <HI>Turks,</HI> was pre&s;ent at <HI>Francfort,</HI> and &s;aw this Ceremony, being &s;ent to &s;ettle a Truce for eight years between tho&s;e Princes, which had been a long time &s;ought by <HI>Busbequius</HI> at <HI>Con&s;tantinople.</HI> The Emperor was by this League to pay Thirty Millions of <HI>Hungarian</HI> Duckets for a Tribute by the year. In this Diet the Princes of the <HI>Augu&s;tane Confe&s;&s;ion,</HI> and their Allies gave in their opinion concerning the Council in Writing, as they promi&s;ed they would in the Convention at <HI>Naumburg.</HI> They &s;aid they could not come to this Impious Council which was Indicted by Pope <HI>Pins</HI> the Fourth, becau&s;e not &s;o a&s;&s;embled as was pre&s;cribed in their Appeals to a pi|ous, free and lawful Council, given in heretofore in &s;everal Diets of <HI>Germany.</HI> This Diet ended about the end of <HI>December,</HI> and the Emperor went by <HI>Wormes, Spire, Wei&s;|&s;emburg, Strasburg, Schle&s;tat,</HI> and <HI>Ba&s;il,</HI> to <HI>Friburg</HI> in <HI>Bri&s;gow,</HI> being in all places re|ceived with great Honour; and in the la&s;t of the&s;e places he held a Diet for <HI>Al&s;atia,</HI> and then by <HI>Con&s;tance</HI> he went in <HI>February</HI> to <HI>In&s;pruck,</HI> where he &s;taid &s;ome time on the account of the Council of <HI>Trent,</HI> which he hoped might be ended in the le&s;s time if he were near it.</P>
<PB N="90" REF="46" MS="y">
<P>The <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors when they came to the Council of <HI>Trent</HI> were furni&s;hed with certain In&s;tructions what they were to ask, but had Orders to &s;uppre&s;s them till they had conferr'd with the Emperors Amba&s;&s;adors, which happened to have much what the &s;ame demands. But by this time the Court of <HI>France</HI> &s;eeing there was no care taken to &s;atisfie the Emperor, and that things were carried with great &s;lowne&s;s, ordered their Amba&s;&s;ador to open their Grievances, which were contain'd in Thir|ty four Articles,
<MILESTONE N="1563" UNIT="year"> and were accordingly unfolded to the Council the 4th. of <HI>January;</HI> as they may be &s;een at large in <HI>Polano</HI> his Hi&s;tory, <HI>Pag.</HI> 609. I &s;hall not here trou|ble the Reader with them. The 10th. of <HI>January</HI> the King of <HI>France</HI> ordered his Amba&s;&s;ador to a&s;&s;ure the Pope that the <HI>Annals</HI> which were taken away in the A&s;&s;em|bly of the States of <HI>France,</HI> lately held at <HI>Orleans,</HI> &s;hould for the future be paid to the Pope; he hoping by this means to have him more ready to grant his de&s;ires, ten|ding to the peace of the Church, which the Pope's Amba&s;&s;ador largely promi&s;ed. On the 14th. of <HI>February</HI> a Decree was made concerning the Re&s;idence of Bi&s;hops and Pa&s;tors with great difficulty and oppo&s;ition, which all tended to the obtaining the Judgment of the Council, <HI>That the Pope has full power to feed, and govern the &V;niver|&s;al Church.</HI> The <HI>French</HI> who hold that a Council is above the Pope, were contented to conceal their opinion in this point, for fear the Pope &s;hould take that opportuni|ty to di&s;&s;olve the Council, without any good done by it. But then they were re&s;ol|ved to defend their &s;aid opinion if it were oppo&s;ed whatever happened, and upon no terms to lo&s;e or yield it. King <HI>Philip</HI> al&s;o laboured very hard that the power of the Bi&s;hops &s;hould be rai&s;ed, and that of the Pope and the Conclave brought lower; which they of the Pope's party interpreted as a de&s;ign to dimini&s;h the <HI>Spani&s;h</HI> Liber|ties, becau&s;e the Bi&s;hops and Chapters of <HI>Spain</HI> would be more &s;ubjected to the will of the King than the Court of <HI>Rome</HI> would. By which means they at la&s;t prevailed &s;o far upon that jealous Nation, that the power of the Bi&s;hops in the end was very much abated, and that of the Pope was enlarged and exalted; and the Bi&s;hops were contented to act as the Popes Delegates, and by his Authority, and in his Name to exerci&s;e their Functions. About this time it was that the Cardinal of <HI>Lor|rain</HI> went again to the Emperor to <HI>In&s;pruck,</HI> which cau&s;ed a great fear in the Pope's party in the Council, for that they &s;u&s;pected he went to adju&s;t with that Prince the ways to bring the Papal power under.</P>
<P>In the beginning of <HI>March</HI> the Emperor wrote a Letter to the Pope (after he had con&s;ulted the Bi&s;hops of <HI>Quinque Eccle&s;iae,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Emperor di&s;likes the Proceedings of the Coun|cil.</NOTE> who went to <HI>In&s;pruck</HI> to him) wherein he &s;ignified to his Holine&s;s, <Q>That after his Son in the la&s;t Diet was Elected King of the <HI>Romans,</HI> and Crown'd, and that he had vi&s;ited his Cities upon the <HI>Rhine,</HI> he was come to <HI>In&s;pruck</HI> to promote the Affairs of the Church in the Council as be|came the Supreme Advocate and Procurator of the Church; but that to his great grief he under&s;tood that things were &s;o far from going as was to be de&s;ired, and as the publick State of Affairs required, that it was to be feared, if &s;pee|dy remedies were not applied, the Council would be ended in &s;uch manner, as it would give offence to all <HI>Chri&s;tendom,</HI> and become ridiculous to all tho&s;e who had made a defection from the Church of <HI>Rome,</HI> and fix them more ob&s;tinately in tho&s;e opinions they had embraced, tho' very differing from the Orthodox Faith. That there had not been any Se&s;&s;ion celebrated for a long time, and that it was commonly given out, the Fathers and Doctors in the Council, had contentions and differences among&s;t them&s;elves, which were unworthy of that moderation which they ought to have, and tended very much to the detriment of that con|cord which was hoped for from them; and yet the&s;e conte&s;ts frequently broke out to the great &s;atisfaction of their Adver&s;aries: That there was a report, That the Pope intended to di&s;&s;olve or &s;u&s;pend the Council; and he advi&s;ed him not to do it, becau&s;e nothing could be more &s;hameful or damageable; and which, be|&s;ides, would certainly cau&s;e a great defection from the Church, and bring a great hatred on the Papacy, and from thence cau&s;e an equal contempt of all the Clergy; That this di&s;&s;olution or &s;u&s;pen&s;ion would certainly procure the A&s;&s;embling of Na|tional Councils, which the Popes have ever oppo&s;ed as contrary to the Unity of the Church, and which tho&s;e Princes which were well affected to the See of <HI>Rome,</HI> had hitherto hindred in their Dominions; but after this they could find no pretence to deny or delay them any longer. Therefore he de&s;ired the Pope to lay a&s;ide that thought, and to apply him&s;elf &s;eriou&s;ly to the celebration of the Coun|cil, allowing the Ancient Liberty to all in its full extent, that all things might be di&s;patched rightly, lawfully, and in order, and thereby the mouths of their Ad|ver&s;aries, who &s;ought an opportunity to calumniate, might be &s;topp'd. That it
<PB N="91" REF="46">would become his Holine&s;s to attend the Council in per&s;on if his health would per|mit it; and he earne&s;tly de&s;ired he would, That he (the Emperor) if the Pope thought fit, would al&s;o come thither, that they both by their pre&s;ence might promote the Publick bu&s;ine&s;s. That the Pope might compo&s;e and decide many difficulties which had ari&s;en from his ab&s;ence.</Q> The Emperor &s;ent a Copy of this Letter to the Cardinal of <HI>Lorrain</HI> al&s;o, and de&s;ired he would promote tho&s;e things which tended to the Glory of God, and the good of <HI>Chri&s;tendom.</HI></P>
<P>The 21th. of <HI>May</HI> the <HI>Count de Luna,</HI> Amba&s;&s;ador for the King of <HI>Spain,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Amba&s;&s;a|dor of <HI>Spain</HI> received in the Council.</NOTE> was re|ceived in a Congregation; and there was a Speech made in the behalf of that Prince in the A&s;&s;embly, by one <HI>Pedro Fontidonio de Segovia</HI> a Divine, who extoll'd above mea&s;ure the care of his Ma&s;ter in the Affairs of Religion, and e&s;pecially his &s;eve|rity &s;hewn towards Sectaries; he &s;aid this Prince Married <HI>Mary</HI> of <HI>England,</HI> only to the end he might re&s;tore the Catholick Religion in that flouri&s;hing Kingdom. He Reproached the <HI>French</HI> and <HI>German</HI> Nations, for thinking that much was to be in|dulged to the Hereticks, that being won by the&s;e Conce&s;&s;ions they might be reduced into the bo&s;om of the Church. At la&s;t he &s;aid, That they ought &s;o to con&s;ult the Salvation of Hereticks, and the Maje&s;ty of the Church, that all things might be done for the promoting the latter, rather than for gratifying the former. And he exhorted all Princes to imitate the &s;everity of his Ma&s;ter in bridling Hereticks, that the Church might be delivered from &s;o many Mi&s;eries, and the Fathers of <HI>Trent</HI> from the care of celebrating Councils.</P>
<P>A little before this time the news of the Peace made with the Prote&s;tants of <HI>France,</HI> came fir&s;t in Generals, and &s;oon after the particular Articles.
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Fathers at <HI>Trent</HI> much di&s;&s;atisfied with the Peace made in <HI>France.</HI></NOTE> This was <Q>blamed by the greater part of the Fathers in that Council, who &s;aid it was to prefer the things of the world before the things of God; yea to ruin both the one and the other. For the Foundation of a State, which is Religion, being removed, it is nece&s;&s;ary that the Temporal &s;hould come to de&s;olation; whereof the Edict made before was an example, which did not cau&s;e Peace and Tranquility, as was hoped, but a greater War than before.</Q> The truth is, the&s;e men would have all the world fight out their quarrel to the la&s;t man, and then if their Catholicks peri&s;h, they are as unconcerned as for the Hereticks; and accordingly ever &s;ince that time they have made it their bu&s;ine&s;s fir&s;t to hinder all Treaties of Peace, wherein any li|berty was granted to the Prote&s;tants; and when they could not gain that point, to make them be broken as &s;oon as was po&s;&s;ible; tho this too has for the mo&s;t part turn'd in the end to their great lo&s;s and &s;hame.
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The <HI>French</HI> Court &s;hew their Rea&s;ons for it.</NOTE> The <HI>French</HI> Court perceiving how the Fathers of <HI>Trent</HI> took the Peace, Ordered the Cardinal of <HI>Lorrain</HI> to &s;hew the great Dangers which from the Civil War threatned that Kingdom; and to a&s;&s;ure the Council that it was the intention of the King <HI>to di&s;&s;ipate the Factions of</HI> France <HI>by a Peace, that he might be at lei&s;ure to attend &s;eriou&s;ly the re&s;titution of the Peace of the Church.</HI> But when this would not be allowed <Q>neither, the Queen &s;ent <HI>Renate de Birague,</HI> Pre&s;ident of <HI>Dauphine,</HI> to a&s;&s;ure the Fathers, That their Intentions were not to &s;ettle a New Religion in <HI>France,</HI> nor to &s;uffer it to grow up and encrea&s;e, but that having di&s;armed their Sub|jects, and quieted the Tumults, they might with the le&s;s trouble return to the Methods u&s;ed by their Ance&s;tors, for the reducing their people into the way, and the Unity of the &s;ame Catholick Religion. That this could never be done but by the Authority of a lawful and free, either General or National Council: that a General Council &s;eemed the &s;afer way, but then it was ne|ce&s;&s;ary that a liberty and &s;ecurity &s;hould be given to all that would to come. That tho' this had been done by the Pope and the Fathers; yet the place was &s;uch; and &s;o &s;ituate, that being rather in <HI>Italy</HI> than <HI>Germany,</HI> the Prote&s;tants could not think them&s;elves &s;ufficiently &s;ecure. For they de&s;ired a Council in <HI>Germany,</HI> and thought they were not &s;afe if it were any where el&s;e: That not only they of <HI>Germany,</HI> but the <HI>Engli&s;h, Scotch, Danes</HI> and <HI>Swedes,</HI> were of the &s;ame mind, and it was very unju&s;t to condemn &s;o many Nations unheard, and be&s;ides it was unprofitable too, for whereas all good men hoped that this Council would procure an Unity, on the contrary it would cau&s;e a greater op|po&s;ition and enmity, when the&s;e Nations &s;aw them&s;elves neglected; and by the inconvenience of the place, as it were excluded out of the Council. For it was fit for none but weak and credulous men to think they would ever &s;ub|mit to the Decrees of a Council in which they had never been admitted, nor heard; but it was to be feared on the other &s;ide that their minds being exa&s;perated, their patience would turn to fury, and they would traduce to Po&s;terity the
<PB N="92" REF="47" MS="y">Decrees of the Council; and in the pre&s;ent age treat them with a virulent &s;harpne&s;s in their Writings. Therefore <HI>Birague</HI> was Ordered to de&s;ire the Council might by the con&s;ent of the Fathers and Pope be transferr'd into <HI>Ger|many,</HI> to <HI>Worms, Spire, Ba&s;il</HI> or <HI>Con&s;tance.</HI> This Di&s;cour&s;e would not edifie at <HI>Trent,</HI> and he was &s;ent on the &s;ame Errand to <HI>In&s;pruck</HI> to the Emperor, and to <HI>Vienna</HI> to his Son <HI>Maximilian.</HI> There were two others &s;ent at the &s;ame time, one into <HI>Spain,</HI> and another to <HI>Rome;</HI> but this latter found the Pope enraged to the utmo&s;t with the Peace, &s;o that he was re&s;olved to treat <HI>France</HI> without any favour.</Q></P>
<P>In order to this,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Pope's Bull to the In|quifitors.</NOTE> the Pope puts out a Bull dated the 7th. of <HI>April,</HI> by which <Q>he grants power to the <HI>Cardinals,</HI> appointed <HI>Inqui&s;itors General for all Chri&s;ten|dom,</HI> to proceed &s;martly and extrajudicially, as &s;hall &s;eem convenient to them again&s;t all and &s;ingular the Hereticks, and their Abettors and Receivers, and tho&s;e who are &s;u&s;pected to be &s;uch abiding in the Provinces and places in which the filth of the <HI>Lutheran</HI> Here&s;ie hath prevailed; and to which it is notorious, there is not a &s;afe and free entrance; tho' the &s;aid per&s;ons are adorn'd with the Epi&s;copal, Archiepi&s;copal, Patriarchal Dignity, or Cardinalate, without any other proof to be made of the &s;afety or freedom of the Acce&s;s. But &s;o that Information be fir&s;t made, and that they be cited by an Edict by them to be af|fixed to the Doors of the Palace of the Holy Inqui&s;ition, <HI>&amp;c.</HI> admoni&s;hing and requiring them to appear per&s;onally, and not by their Proctors, before the &s;aid Inqui&s;ition, within a certain and limited time, as the &s;aid Inqui&s;ition &s;hall think fit, upon pain of Excommunication denounced, Su&s;pen&s;ion, and other lawful pains. And if they &s;hall not &s;o appear, they &s;hall be proceeded again&s;t in the &s;ecret Con&s;i&s;tory, and a &s;entence decreed again&s;t them (tho' ab&s;ent) as convict, and confirm'd with a clau&s;e of Derogation.</Q> Tho' this Bull was contrary to all Laws,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">Several <HI>French</HI> Cardinals and Bi&s;hops cited to <HI>Ronte;</HI></NOTE> yet the Inqui&s;itors pre&s;umed upon it to cite &s;ome Bi&s;hops of <HI>France,</HI> and with them <HI>Odet de Coligni Cardinal de Cha&s;tillon,</HI> who had embraced the Opini|ons of the Prote&s;tants, and was now call'd Count <HI>de B<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="pdcc" EXTENT="1 letter">auvais,</HI> he having been formerly Bi&s;hop of that City; <HI>St. Roman Archbi&s;hop d'Aix, John Monluck</HI> Bi&s;hop of <HI>Valence, Jean Anthony Caracciolo</HI> Son of the Prince <HI>de Melphe; Jean Braban&s;on</HI> Bi&s;hop of <HI>Pamiez,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">And the Queen of <HI>Navarr</HI> al&s;o.</NOTE> Charles Guillart</HI> Bi&s;hop of <HI>Chartres.</HI> And as if this had been inten|ded but for a &s;tep to her; the Prince&s;s <HI>Joan Labrett Queen of Navarr,</HI> Relict of <HI>An|thony</HI> late King of <HI>Navarr.</HI> All which I &s;ay, by a Bull dated the 28th. of <HI>September,</HI> and affixed at <HI>Rome,</HI> were cited to appear before the Inqui&s;ition, within &s;ix Months, and the Queen was told, <HI>That if &s;he did not, &s;he &s;hould be deprived of her Royal Dignity, Kingdom or Principality, and Dominions, as one convicted: and the &s;ame &s;hould be pronounced to belong to who&s;oever &s;hould invade it.</HI> The King and Queen of <HI>France,</HI> and all the Nobility were extremely exa&s;perated with the&s;e procee|dings of the Pope; and the Bull being read in the Council of State, <HI>D'Oi&s;el</HI> the then Ordinary Amba&s;&s;ador in the Court of <HI>Rome,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The <HI>French</HI> King declares again&s;t the&s;e Proceedings again&s;t the Queen of <HI>Nevarr.</HI></NOTE> was ordered to acquaint the Pope, That the King could &s;carce give any credit to the fir&s;t reports which were &s;pread in &s;everal Pamphlets in <HI>France,</HI> till the Citation which was fixed up in &s;everal places <Q>in <HI>Rome,</HI> was read to him; at which he was much troubled, becau&s;e the Queen of <HI>Navarr</HI> was in Maje&s;ty and Dignity equal to any other Prince in <HI>Chri&s;tendom;</HI> and had from them the Title of <HI>Si&s;ter.</HI> 2. That the danger which threatned her was of ill example, and might in time be extended to any of them, and therefore they were all bound to a&s;&s;i&s;t and defend her in this common cau&s;e, and the more be|cau&s;e &s;he was a Widow. 3. But the King of <HI>France</HI> above all other, becau&s;e nearly related to her, and her late Husband, who was one of the princi|pal Princes of the Blood Royal, and had lo&s;t his Life in his &s;ervice in the la&s;t War again&s;t the <HI>Prote&s;tants;</HI> leaving his Children Orphans, the Elde&s;t of which was now in the King's Court, and under his care: That the King could not neglect the cau&s;e of this &s;orrowful Widow, and her Orphan and Children, who appeal'd to his fidelity, and the Memory of his Ance&s;tors; who had in all times of affliction &s;uccoured the Princes of <HI>Germany, Spain,</HI> and <HI>England.</HI> That <HI>Philip</HI> the <HI>Bold,</HI> the Son of St. <HI>Lewis,</HI> had with a potent Army defended an Or|phan-Queen of <HI>Navarr,</HI> and brought her into <HI>France,</HI> where &s;he was after Married to <HI>Philip the Fair,</HI> from whom <HI>Joan</HI> the pre&s;ent Queen of <HI>Navarr</HI> was lineally de&s;cended. And that <HI>John Labrett</HI> the Grandfather of this Queen being in like manner per&s;ecuted by one of the Popes, and driven out of a part of his Kingdom; the re&s;t had been defended and pre&s;erved by <HI>Lewis</HI> the Twelfth, and his Succe&s;&s;ors. That the Popes them&s;elves have heretofore fled to the <HI>French</HI>
<PB N="93" REF="47" MS="y">for protection when they have been expelled out of their Sees, who had often re&s;tored them, defended and enriched them with the grant of many Territories: That this Queen was &s;o near a Neighbour, and &s;uch an Allie to the Crown of <HI>France,</HI> that no War could be made upon her without the great damage of <HI>France:</HI> That all Princes were Intere&s;ted in the Friend&s;hip and Peace of their Neighbours, and obliged to keep all Wars at a di&s;tance from them for the pre|&s;ervation of their own quiet and &s;ecurity. Since therefore his Maje&s;ty &s;aw by this Bull that there was a de&s;ign to deprive his Ancient Allies of their Dominions, and at plea&s;ure to &s;et up others in their &s;tead, he had ju&s;t rea&s;on to fear that as the <HI>Spaniards</HI> had heretofore on &s;uch pretences po&s;&s;e&s;s'd them&s;elves of all the Countries to the <HI>Pyrenaean Hills,</HI> &s;o that in time they might pa&s;s them too, and de&s;cend into the Plains of <HI>France,</HI> and &s;o a di&s;mal and de&s;tructive War might be rekindled be|tween the&s;e powerful Princes, to the great hazard and ruin of <HI>Chri&s;tendom.</HI> La&s;t|ly, the Queen of <HI>Navarr</HI> being a Feuditary of the Crown of <HI>France,</HI> and having great Po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ions in that Kingdom, was under the Protection of the Laws of it, and could not be drawn out of it to <HI>Rome,</HI> either in Per&s;on, or by Proxy; no Sub|ject of <HI>France</HI> being bound to go to <HI>Rome;</HI> but if the Pope had any cau&s;e again&s;t them, he was obliged to &s;end Judges to determine upon the place even in tho&s;e Ca&s;es that came before him by Appeal. That therefore this Citation was again&s;t the Maje&s;ty, Law, and Security of the Crown of <HI>France;</HI> and tended to the di|mini&s;hing of the e&s;teem of that King and Kingdom. That if the Form of this Proceeding were con&s;idered, what could be more contrary to the Civil Law than to force a man out of his proper Court, and condemn him in another without any hearing? For there are Laws, That no accu&s;ed per&s;on &s;hall be cited out of the Limits of the Juri&s;diction in which he lives, and that the Citation &s;hall not be ob|&s;cure and perfunctory, but declared to the proper per&s;on, or to his family. And the Con&s;titution of Pope <HI>Boniface</HI> the Eighth, That Citations &s;et up in certain places of <HI>Rome</HI> &s;hould be of force, was recall'd by <HI>Clement</HI> the Fifth, and the Coun|cil of <HI>Venna,</HI> as hard and unju&s;t, or at lea&s;t mitigated; and it was decreed that they &s;hould not be u&s;ed, but when there was no &s;afe coming to the per&s;on accu&s;ed: But in <HI>France,</HI> where the Queen of <HI>Navarr</HI> re&s;ides, it cannot be pretended that there is no &s;afe coming to her. And what can be more contrary to Natural Equi|ty than to condemn unheard? It is forbidden by the Canons and Decrees of Coun|cils, and there is a noble example of this in <HI>Ammianus Marcellinus,</HI> where Pope <HI>Liberius,</HI> being urged by <HI>Con&s;tantius</HI> to condemn <HI>Athana&s;ius,</HI> cho&s;e rather to be ba|ni&s;hed, than to &s;entence him without hearing. And in the Judgment again&s;t <HI>Sixtus</HI> the Third, who was accu&s;ed of Ince&s;t, <HI>Valentinian</HI> the Emperor ob&s;erved the &s;ame method, and made him appear and an&s;wer in a <HI>Synod</HI> before Fifty Bi&s;hops. For the &s;ame rea&s;on the Sentence of <HI>Nicholas</HI> the Fir&s;t, again&s;t <HI>Lotharius</HI> the Son of St. <HI>Lewis,</HI> for having two Wives, was thought void and null. Nor was this Sen|tence again&s;t the Queen of <HI>Navarr</HI> of better force, becau&s;e &s;he was ab&s;ent and unheard. That the Popes have always &s;hewn that re&s;pect to Crown'd heads, as to admoni&s;h them by their Legates, before they decreed ought again&s;t them. So <HI>Alexander</HI> the Third &s;ent two Cardinals to <HI>Henry</HI> the Second into <HI>England,</HI> when he was accu&s;ed of the Death of <HI>Thomas a Becket</HI> A.B. of <HI>Canterbury,</HI> That he might purge him&s;elf before them of this crime. So of late <HI>Clement</HI> the Seventh, did the like in the ca&s;e of <HI>Henry</HI> the Eighth, to whom he &s;ent Cardinal <HI>Campeius.</HI> And if it were granted that the Judgment were rightly pa&s;&s;ed, how could the Do|minions of the Queen be expo&s;ed for a prey, and given to the fir&s;t Invader, they belonging to the King as Lord of the Fee? Therefore the King believes that the Pope is deceived by fal&s;e reports, and in&s;tigated by the craft of his Mini&s;ters, who not regarding the publick peace, have drawn him from his natural goodne&s;s, to Coun&s;els which are di&s;honourable to his Holine&s;s, and de&s;tructive to his Au|thority, and to that of the See of <HI>Rome,</HI> tending to the alienating of the hearts of his friends from him, and the di&s;turbing of the Peace of <HI>Chri&s;tendom.</HI> And his Maje&s;ty is the more per&s;waded of the truth of this, becau&s;e his Holine&s;s &s;o ear|ne&s;tly e&s;pou&s;ed the Intere&s;t of <HI>Anthony</HI> the Husband of this Queen in his life-time; and endeavoured to per&s;wade King <HI>Philip</HI> to re&s;tore to him the Kingdom of <HI>Na|varr,</HI> or at lea&s;t to give him the I&s;land of <HI>Sardinia</HI> as an <HI>Equivalent.</HI> But then there is nothing more offends the King than the con&s;idering that whereas &s;o many Kings, Princes, and Free States above Forty years &s;ince have defected from the See of <HI>Rome,</HI> and committed the offence charged upon the Queen, and &s;o by the rule of Ju&s;tice ought to be fir&s;t puni&s;hed as fir&s;t offending; yet the Pope has
<PB N="94" REF="48">not proceeded in the &s;ame way, or with equal &s;everity again&s;t any of them; &s;o that from hence it is clear that an occa&s;ion is &s;ought by her enemies to oppre&s;s and ruin her by &s;urprize, while&s;t &s;he is a Widow, her Children Orphans, the King of <HI>France</HI> who ought to protect her being a Minor, and di&s;turbed by Civil Wars; and for this rea&s;on the King is the more obliged to defend her from injury, and him|&s;elf from contempt, &s;eeing without acquainting him with it, they have begun this Proce&s;s again&s;t a Queen &s;o nearly related to him. That if this Accu&s;ation had been made on the account of Religion, and for the Glory of God, the Pope ought in the fir&s;t place to have &s;hewn his care of her &s;oul, and from the <HI>Word of God</HI> to have admini&s;tred fitting Remedies, and not to have pro&s;cribed her King|doms and Dominions,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Depo&s;ing of Princes, and di&s;po&s;ing of their Domi|nions, the cau&s;e of great Calamities.</NOTE> and given them for a prey to the fir&s;t Invader. The Pope has a Supremacy given him, That he may con&s;ult the Salvation of Souls, and the repo&s;e of <HI>Chri&s;tendom,</HI> and not that he may deprive Princes of their Kingdoms, and di&s;po&s;e of their po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ions at his plea&s;ure; which the former Popes have ne|ver been able to do in <HI>Germany</HI> and other places, without bringing great reproach and di&s;honour on the Church, and di&s;turbances upon the World. That therefore the King de&s;ired with the greate&s;t humility that he could or ought, that the Sen|tence again&s;t the Q. of <HI>Navarr</HI> &s;hould be revok'd, and all the Pope's Mini&s;ters &s;hould be inhibited from proceeding in this cau&s;e by a publick Act; and if this were not done, the King &s;hould be forced again&s;t his will to make u&s;e of the &s;ame reme|dies his Ance&s;tors had imployed in the like ca&s;es, according to the Laws and Rights of his Kingdom. But before all things he prote&s;ted he &s;hould do this un|willingly, and therefore they only &s;hould bear the blame who by their ra&s;hne&s;s had forced him to u&s;e the power God had given him, in &s;o ju&s;t a cau&s;e, and to im|plore the a&s;&s;i&s;tance of his friends again&s;t them.</Q></P>
<P>There was at the &s;ame time di&s;tinct Memorials, and larger In&s;tructions &s;ent to the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;ador for the Defence of the Bi&s;hops,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Bi&s;hops defended by the King al&s;o.</NOTE> and <HI>D'Oy&s;el</HI> who was an active Mini&s;ter, prevail'd upon the Pope to have the Proceedings again&s;t the Bi|&s;hops &s;topt, and the Sentence again&s;t the Queen of <HI>Navarr</HI> revok'd and aboli&s;hed. So that at this day it is not to be found among&s;t the Con&s;titutions of Pope <HI>Pius</HI> the Fourth. The 18th. of <HI>May</HI> there having been no con&s;ideration had of the XXXIII. Articles put into the Council the 4th. of <HI>January,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Queen complains of the Procee|dings of the Council.</NOTE> the Queen wrote to <HI>Lan&s;&s;ac</HI> her Amba&s;&s;ador, complaining very bitterly of the delays and &s;hifts which had been made in this bu&s;ine&s;s, and &s;aid that the hope good men had hitherto had of the &s;uc|ce&s;s of this Council, and the opinion of their &s;incerity who met in it, would both vani&s;h without any fruit, and their di&s;&s;imulation and connivance would more and more inflame the wrath of God again&s;t us, who had now made it manife&s;t unto all men that the affairs of the Church needed a Reformation, and a &s;evere correction; and to that purpo&s;e had invited and brought together from all parts of the Earth, &s;o many men famous for their Piety and Learning to this Council; and if after all <Q>this he &s;hall &s;ee us &s;till &s;tubbornly re&s;i&s;t his will; he will be nece&s;&s;itated to puni&s;h tho&s;e men who have hindred &s;o good a work, and &s;o nece&s;&s;ary to the peace of the Church: That therefore the King had wrote to the Cardinal of <HI>Lorrain</HI> to a&s;&s;em|ble a Congregation of the <HI>French</HI> Clergy, and after a mature deliberation had among&s;t them&s;elves to demand earne&s;tly of the Fathers of the Council that the&s;e things might be con&s;idered and determin'd as &s;oon as was po&s;&s;ible.</Q> But the Cardinal was by this time won over to the Pope's &s;ide,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Pope gained the Cardinal of <HI>Lorrain</HI> to his &s;ide,</NOTE> and was willing to &s;acrifice the &s;afety of <HI>France,</HI> and the King's Will, to the Intere&s;t of the former. In order to this he delayed the Execution of his Orders from day to day; and at la&s;t that he might totally di&s;appoint them, asked leave of the King to go to <HI>Rome,</HI> believing the Kings Amba&s;&s;adors would do nothing in his ab&s;ence. And not long after <HI>Lan&s;&s;ac</HI> ob|tained leave to return into <HI>France.</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">Who went to <HI>Rome.</HI></NOTE> The Cardinal of <HI>Lorrain</HI> went from <HI>Trent</HI> to|wards <HI>Rome</HI> the 18th of <HI>September,</HI> and with him five of the <HI>French</HI> Bi&s;hops: But the other <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors did neverthele&s;s in&s;i&s;t &s;toutly to have the Articles con|&s;idered by the Council; who, that they might elude this pur&s;uit, made &s;ome Decrees which had &s;ome re&s;pect to tho&s;e things the <HI>French</HI> had de&s;ired, but which aimed at the granting a Liberty and Immunity to the Clergy again&s;t all the Laws, Privileges, Liberties, and Juri&s;dictions, and Lawful Authorities of all Kingdoms, States and Princes; which being &s;een by <HI>La Ferriere</HI> and <HI>Du Faur</HI> the King's Amba&s;&s;adors at <Q><HI>Trent</HI> they by their Ma&s;ter's Order oppo&s;ed the &s;aid Decrees. The 27th. of <HI>Sep|tember,</HI> the King by a Letter having commanded his Amba&s;&s;adors to in&s;i&s;t upon their fir&s;t Demands; and to a&s;&s;ure the Council, that as none of the Chri&s;tian Princes &s;hould exceed him in the fervor of true Piety, and a de&s;ire to promote the
<PB N="95" REF="48">Affairs of the Council, &s;o if they &s;till went on to cure the de&s;perate wounds of the Church with a light hand, or rather to pla&s;ter them over, and conceal, than cure them, while&s;t they omitted the proper and mo&s;t nece&s;&s;ary remedies, and in|&s;tead of con&s;idering the Reformation of the Church, turn'd the edge of their Au|thority again&s;t the Power of Princes, and the Decrees of Councils, he would not have the Pre&s;ence of his Amba&s;&s;adors add Authority to &s;uch unju&s;t Decrees to the great prejudice of his Royal Dignity, and to the Damage of the Liberties of his Kingdom. He &s;aid al&s;o that he had been informed that the Council had enter|tain'd a de&s;ign to declare the Marriage of <HI>Anthony de Bourbon</HI> King of <HI>Navarr,</HI> and <HI>Joan</HI> his Queen unlawful, and to declare <HI>Henry</HI> his Son a Ba&s;tard; and he commanded them not to be pre&s;ent at any &s;uch Act. La&s;tly, he commanded them to repeat their former demands; and if the Fathers of the Council would not grant them, then to leave <HI>Trent,</HI> and go to <HI>Venice,</HI> and &s;tay there till they had further Orders from him. He told them al&s;o that his principal de&s;ire was by a &s;erious Reforma|tion of Church-affairs and manners, (the corruptions in which had cau&s;ed &s;o many to make defection from the Church of <HI>Rome</HI>) by the Authority of a General Coun|cil, to unite the divided minds of men in the matters of Religion. That his Amba&s;&s;adors and Proctors had often treated with the Pope, and the Fathers of the Council about this; and to that end had exhibited the &s;aid XXXIV. Articles, to which no &s;atisfactory return had been made, but on the contrary, they having lightly touched the bu&s;ine&s;s of Reformation, had exerci&s;ed an Authority which belonged not to them, again&s;t the Rights,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Council has no Autho|rity over Princes.</NOTE> Liberties and Power of Soveraign Princes. That they neither could nor ought to inquire into the Civil Admini&s;tra|tion, which was not &s;ubject to their Court, nor to derogate from tho&s;e Con&s;titu|tions and Cu&s;toms which had been long enjoyed by Princes; nor to Anathematize Kings; all which things tended to Sedition, and the interruption of the publick Peace: That he would not &s;uffer that Authority which he had received from his Ance&s;tors to be weakned by their unju&s;t cen&s;ures. Yea, he commanded them to tell the Fathers, That if they pre&s;umed any more to undermine the Authority of Kings, and the <HI>Prerogatives of their Betters,</HI> that they &s;hould then al&s;o prote&s;t a|gain&s;t their proceeding, and leave <HI>Trent:</HI> Advi&s;ing the Bi&s;hops and Divines of <HI>France,</HI> who were in the Council to promote the Reformation of Religion as much as was po&s;&s;ible for the good of his divided Kingdom, and to that end to &s;tay &s;till at <HI>Trent.</HI> But then the King did tru&s;t to their wi&s;dom and con&s;cience, that they would not approve of by their pre&s;ence, or con&s;ent to any thing which was preju|dicial to the Royal Authority, Prerogative or Dignity of the King or Kingdom of <HI>France.</HI></Q> But however the Council &s;till per&s;i&s;ting in their former Methods, <HI>La Ferriere</HI> came into the Council, and made a &s;harp Oration again&s;t the Pope and the Council. <HI>Polano</HI>
<NOTE N="*" PLACE="marg">Pag. 721.</NOTE> in his Hi&s;tory of the Council of <HI>Trent,</HI> has the &s;um of this Ora|tion; and <HI>Thuanus</HI> &s;aith it was pronounced the 22d. of <HI>September.</HI> But however, I will not trouble the Reader with it here, becau&s;e of its great length; this Ora|tion plea&s;ed none of the Fathers; the <HI>French</HI> them&s;elves not excepted, becau&s;e he &s;et Princes as the <HI>Mini&s;ters</HI> of God, above the <HI>Anathema's</HI> of the Clergy, and made both their per&s;ons and revenues &s;ubject to the Laws and Authority of Kings; telling them too plainly of their great prevarications, ob&s;tinacy and unwillingne&s;s to re|form, or be reformed.</P>
<P>But however, all the Fathers could do, was to bring the Faith of the Amba&s;&s;adors in que&s;tion, which they &s;oon di&s;cu&s;s'd by producing their In&s;tructions. This failing, they cavell'd at the parts of the Oration, and endeavoured to pervert the &s;en&s;e and meaning of it; &s;o that <HI>Ferriere</HI> was forced to publi&s;h an <HI>Apology</HI> for it. And &s;oon after this they mended the matter by a &s;harper Oration, in which among&s;t other things they told the Council plainly,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Amba&s;&s;a|dors of <HI>France</HI> put a &s;everet Prote&s;tation into the Coun|cil.</NOTE> <HI>That</HI> Hadrian <HI>the Sixth was in the right when he told the world, That what care &s;oever was taken of the lower members of the Church, that body could not be re&s;tored to its health, if the Head al&s;o (the Pope) were not reformed.</HI> Towards the end they &s;aid, <HI>They prote&s;ted only again&s;t</HI> Pius <HI>the Fourth; They Vene|rated the Apo&s;tolick See, the great</HI> Pontiff, <HI>the Holy Church of</HI> Rome, <HI>for the increa&s;e of who&s;e Dignity their Ance&s;tors had &s;o often &s;hed their blood, and of late had fought in</HI> France; <HI>but it was again&s;t the Soveraignty of</HI> Pius <HI>the Fourth, that they prote&s;ted; all who&s;e Decrees and Sentences they refu&s;ed and de&s;pi&s;ed; and &s;eeing there was nothing done at</HI> Trent, <HI>but all was di&s;patched at</HI> Rome; <HI>and what was here publi&s;hed, was rather the Dictates of</HI> Pius <HI>the Fourth, than the Decrees of a General Council; they denounced and te&s;tified, That whatever was decreed in that Convention, or &s;hould hereafter be decreed or publi&s;hed, they being only the Decrees moved by</HI> Pius <HI>the Fourth, they &s;hould not be approved by the
<PB N="96" REF="49" MS="y">Most Chri&s;tian King, nor the</HI> French, <HI>nor be taken for the Acts of a General Council. And then commanded all their Archbi&s;hops, Bi&s;hops, Abbots and Divines to return into</HI> France <HI>till God &s;hould re&s;tore to the Catholick Church the ancient form and liberty belonging of right to General Councils, and to the Mo&s;t Chri&s;tian King his ju&s;t Rights. Thuanus</HI> &s;aith, he can hardly believe this Oration was made, tho' he finds it Printed in the Commentaries of <HI>Jacques de Bourdin</HI> Secretary of State. But however it &s;hews the &s;en&s;e great men had of the Council of <HI>Trent,</HI> at that time when it was be&s;t under|&s;tood.</P>
<P>A little before this time the Emperor being about leaving <HI>In&s;pruck,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Emperor oppo&s;eth the intended Pro|ceedings of the Council again&s;t Queen <HI>Elizabeth.</HI></NOTE> di&s;covered that they con&s;ulted at <HI>Rome</HI> and <HI>Trent</HI> about proceeding again&s;t Queen <HI>Elizabeth</HI> of <HI>England;</HI> and he wrote to the Pope and the Legates, that if the Council would not yield that fruit which was de&s;ired that they might &s;ee an Union of Catholicks to re|form the Church; yet at lea&s;t they &s;hould not give occa&s;ion to Hereticks to unite them&s;elves more, which they would do in ca&s;e they proceeded again&s;t the Queen of <HI>England.</HI> For undoubtedly they would then make a General League again&s;t the Catholicks, which would be the cau&s;e of great Inconveniences. We may &s;ee by this how hardly this Holy Council was kept from giving the world a Ca&s;t of its of|fice in depo&s;ing Princes, and di&s;po&s;ing of their Dominions, and ab&s;olving their Subjects from their Allegiance; tho' we are now told, this is none of the Doctrines of that Church; but however, it is undoubtedly her practice. This Admonition was &s;o effectual that the Pope de&s;i&s;ted at <HI>Rome,</HI> and revoked the Commi&s;&s;ion given to that purpo&s;e to the Legates at <HI>Trent.</HI></P>
<P>When the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors had put the&s;e two Rubs in the way of the Coun|cil,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors leave <HI>Trent,</HI> and go to <HI>Ve|nice.</HI></NOTE> they retired, as the King their Ma&s;ter had before commanded them, to <HI>Venice;</HI> and gave an account of what they had done to the Cardinal of <HI>Lorrain</HI> at <HI>Rome,</HI> and to the King of <HI>France;</HI> this la&s;t approved it, but the former having made his pri|vate Market with the Pope, who extremely flattered this proud, turbulent, vain|glorious Prelate, was very much di&s;plea&s;ed with what the <HI>French</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors had done in his ab&s;ence at <HI>Trent.</HI> But when he came there and found the Amba&s;&s;adors were &s;upported by the King, and that there was no fetching them back from <HI>Venice</HI> till the things propo&s;ed by the Council were revoked, he per&s;waded the Legates to compound the difference, and the Infallible Council laid by the&s;e Decrees which di&s;plea&s;ed the Crown of <HI>France,</HI> and pa&s;&s;ed only a general Decree again&s;t the Vio|laters of the Eccle&s;ia&s;tical privileges and Immunities in the Twenty fifth Se&s;&s;ion. This was the la&s;t Se&s;&s;ion of this Council,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The la&s;t Seffi|on of the Council of <HI>Trent.</HI></NOTE> and was held the fifth and &s;ixth of <HI>Decem|ber.</HI> In it was determin'd the points concerning Purgatory, the Invocation of Saints, the Wor&s;hip of Images and Reliques, the Prohibition of Duels, and all that per|tain'd to the Reformation of the Manners of the Clergy. All that had been done under <HI>Paul</HI> the Third, <HI>Julius</HI> the Third, and two Years before this, in this Conven|tion were then al&s;o ratified and confirmed. And the Pope was de&s;ired to approve the &s;ame, and &s;o the Council was di&s;mi&s;&s;ed with Acclamations. The Pope made a grave Oration in a Conclave of the Cardinals, and giving God unfeigned thanks that the Council was ended, he commended the Emperor, the Apo&s;tolick Legates and the Bi&s;hops; and &s;aid, <HI>Tho' he was tree from the obligation of all Laws, yet he would cau&s;e the&s;e to be exactly and inviolably pre&s;erved, and if any thing was omitted he would &s;upply it.</HI> The Prote&s;tant Mini&s;ters of <HI>Germany</HI> at the &s;ame time put out a Pro|te&s;tation again&s;t this Council, &s;ub&s;cribed by many of them.</P>
<P>Thus ended the Council of <HI>Trent,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The cen&s;ure of the Council.</NOTE> which was de&s;ired and procured by <HI>Godly men</HI> to reunite the Church which began to be <HI>divided, but hath &s;o e&s;tabli&s;hed the Schi&s;m, and made the parties &s;o ob&s;tinate, that the di&s;cords are become irreconcileable. And being inten|ded by Princes for the reformation of the Eccle&s;ia&s;tical Di&s;cipline, hath cau&s;ed the greate&s;t corruption and deformation that ever was &s;ince Chri&s;tianity began: The Bi&s;hops hoped to re|gain the Epi&s;copal Authority, u&s;urped for the mo&s;t part by the Pope; and it hath made them lo&s;e it altogether, bringing them into greater &s;ervitude. On the contrary it was feared and avoided by the See of</HI> Rome <HI>as a potent means to moderate their exorbitant power, which from &s;mall beginnings mounted by divers degrees to an unlimited exce&s;s; and it hath &s;o e&s;tab|li&s;hed and confirm'd the &s;ame over that part which remains &s;ubject unto it; that it was never &s;o great, nor &s;o &s;oundly rooted.</HI> Thus far <HI>Polano.</HI></P>
<P>The Emperor who was come as far as <HI>In&s;pruck</HI> to promote the Council,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Emperor goes from <HI>In|&s;pruck</HI> before the Council was ended.</NOTE> finding that his being there did not only no good, as he thought it would, but rather the contrary; the Popi&s;h Prelates &s;u&s;pecting his de&s;igns were again&s;t the Authority of the Court of <HI>Rome,</HI> and were accordingly afraid of every thing, &s;o that the Diffi|culties and Su&s;picions did turn into bitterne&s;s, and encrea&s;e in number. Therefore ha|ving
<PB N="97" REF="49" MS="y">other bu&s;ine&s;s which would turn more to his Advantage, he left that place and returned home; but he wrote fir&s;t to the Cardinal of <HI>Lorrain,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">His &s;en&s;e of the Council.</NOTE> That the Impo&s;&s;ibility of doing good in the Council being palpable, he thought it was the duty of a Chri&s;tian and wi&s;e Prince, rather to &s;upport the pre&s;ent evil with patience, than by labouring to cure it, to cau&s;e a greater.</HI> By which he &s;eems to mean that any enormities were to be endured from the See of <HI>Rome</HI> rather than to for&s;ake it, and &s;o correct them.</P>
<P>The Catholick Princes being blinded and mi&s;led by their Education,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Rea&s;ons why the Coun|cil had no bet|ter &s;ucce&s;s.</NOTE> and not un|der&s;tanding that the right of calling Councils was in them&s;elves, as it was of old in the Chri&s;tian Emperors, who call'd all the Ancient General Councils, thought that they &s;hould by force of Arguments and mode&s;ty, extort &s;ome Reformation from them, but when they &s;aw they could not agree among&s;t them&s;elves what was ab&s;o|lutely nece&s;&s;ary, <HI>France</HI> and the Empire asking more than King <HI>Philip</HI> was willing to admit, and the Pope being as &s;toutly re&s;olved whatever happened not to &s;uffer his Power, Grandeur or Wealth to be abated. La&s;tly, when they all &s;aw that the Pro|te&s;tants would never &s;ubmit to any Council that was call'd and managed by the Pope or his Legates, they all became weary of it, and de&s;ired it might be ended as &s;oon as was po&s;&s;ible, and any way to deliver them&s;elves from the charge, trouble, and vexation of this unprofitable, or rather mi&s;chievous Conventicle.</P>
<P>But then as to the <HI>Roman</HI> Catholicks of this Age, who would fain per&s;wade us that nothing was ami&s;s; that there was no need of any Reformation; that all the dif|ferences aro&s;e from mi&s;repre&s;enting the Doctrines and Practices of the Church of <HI>Rome;</HI> and that this Council was one of the mo&s;t holy A&s;&s;emblies of Learned, Impartial and Religious men that ever &s;ate. The&s;e I &s;ay are a a plea&s;ant parcel of Gentlemen, and pre&s;ume that we are as ignorant of, and unconcern'd for the Hi&s;tories of former times, as tho&s;e who profe&s;s to be led by an implicite faith in all they have the confidence to teach them; which is a great mi&s;take.</P>
<P>From this day forward the Prote&s;tants renounced all commerce and friend&s;hip with the Church of <HI>Rome;</HI> and &s;he has by this Council put her &s;elf out of the pow|er of a Reconciliation; &s;o that now the Quarrel is put intirely into the hands of God, and all humane wi&s;dom is baffl'd for ever. Time, the Sword, or the Provi|dence of God may perhaps at la&s;t put an end to it, but no Coun&s;el or Device of men ever &s;hall.</P>
<P>I &s;hould here have ended this Continuation,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The State of Religion in <HI>Piedmont.</HI></NOTE> but that I have been forced to leave &s;ome things un&s;poken to continue the thread of my Relation, which I will now go back to and gather up, that the Story may be the more compleat and perfect. While&s;t the Council was &s;itting, the Cardinal of <HI>Ferrara</HI> travelling through <HI>Piedmont</HI> and <HI>Savoy,</HI> found the Affairs of that Country as to Religion not much other than in <HI>France.</HI> In divers places of the <HI>Marqui&s;ate</HI> of <HI>Saluzza,</HI> all the Prie&s;ts were hun|ted away; and in <HI>Cherie</HI> and <HI>Cuni,</HI> places belonging to the Duke of <HI>Savoy,</HI> and in many other Cities near unto them, many were of the &s;ame opinions with the <HI>Hugo|nots,</HI> and many even in the Duke's Court al&s;o did profe&s;s them, and more were di&s;|covered every day. And however the Duke had &s;et forth a Proclamation a Month before; <HI>That all that followed tho&s;e opinions &s;hould within eight days depart out of the Coun|try,</HI> and &s;ome did thereupon depart, yet afterwards he commanded there &s;hould be no proceedings again&s;t them, and pardon'd many who were condemn'd by the <HI>In|qui&s;ition,</HI> and made their Proce&s;s void, as al&s;o tho&s;e who were in the <HI>Inqui&s;ition,</HI> and not condemn'd; and gave leave to &s;ome that were departed to return.</P>
<P>About the &s;ame time there hapned a great tumult, and popular commotion in <HI>Bavaria,</HI> becau&s;e the Cup was not allowed, nor Married men &s;uffered to preach;
<NOTE PLACE="marg">A Tumult in <HI>Bavaria</HI> for the Cup.</NOTE> which di&s;order proceeded &s;o far, that to appea&s;e them, the <HI>Duke</HI> promi&s;ed in the <HI>Diet,</HI> That if in all the Month of <HI>June</HI> a re&s;olution were not made in the Council of <HI>Trent,</HI> or by the Pope, to give them &s;atisfaction, he him&s;elf would grant both the one and the other. The news of this coming to the Council, the Legates di&s;|patched <HI>Nicholas Ormonet</HI> to per&s;wade the Duke not to make that Grant. To whom the Duke replied, That to &s;hew his obedience to the Apo&s;tolick See, he would u&s;e all means to entertain his people as long as he could, expecting and hoping that the Council would re&s;olve that which they &s;aw to be ne|ce&s;&s;ary, notwith&s;tanding the Re&s;olution made before by it.
<NOTE PLACE="marg">Rea&s;ons a|gain&s;t grant|ing Marriage to the Clergy.</NOTE> But the Council had good rea&s;on to deny this la&s;t, becau&s;e (&s;ay they) it is plain that Marri|ed Prie&s;ts will turn their affections and love to their Wives and Children; and by con&s;equence to their Hou&s;e and Country, and &s;o that &s;trict depen|dance which the Clergy hath on the Apo&s;tolick <HI>See,</HI> would cea&s;e; and to grant
<PB N="98" REF="50">Marriage to Prie&s;ts would de&s;troy the Eccle&s;ia&s;tical <HI>Hierarchy,</HI> and make the Pope to be a Bi&s;hop of <HI>Rome</HI> only. And in another place they tell us that having Hou&s;e, Wife and Children, they (the Clergy) will not depend on the <HI>Pope,</HI> but on their <HI>Prince;</HI> and their love to their Children, will make them yield to any prejudice of the Church; and they will &s;eek to make the Be|nefices Hereditary, and &s;o in a &s;hort &s;pace the Authority of the Apo&s;tolick <HI>See</HI> will be co<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="pdcc" EXTENT="1 letter">fined within <HI>Rome.</HI> Before Single Life was in&s;tituted, the See of <HI>Rome</HI> received no profit from other Nations and Cities; and by it, is made Patron of many Benefices,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">And the Cup to the Laity.</NOTE> of which the Marriage of the Clergy would quickly deprive her: And that all would become Hereticks if the Cup were granted to the Laity, and &s;o a gap would be opened to demand the Abrogation of all po&s;i|tive Eccle&s;ia&s;tical Con&s;titutions, by which only the Prerogative given by Chri&s;t to the Church of <HI>Rome,</HI> is pre&s;erved; for by tho&s;e which are of Divine appoint|ment, no profit doth ari&s;e, but that which is &s;piritual: <HI>So that the Princes who ex|pected any redre&s;s from them were in a fine ca&s;e.</HI></P>
<P><HI>Camden</HI> in his Hi&s;tory of Queen <HI>Elizabeth</HI> a&s;&s;ures us,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The <HI>French</HI> Affairs after the Peace till the end of the Council.</NOTE> the true rea&s;on why the Prince of <HI>Conde</HI> clapt up this Peace upon &s;uch ea&s;ie and di&s;advantageous terms, was becau&s;e he had been deluded by the Queen with the vain hopes of &s;uc|ceeding his Brother the King of <HI>Navarr,</HI> as General of all the Forces of <HI>France;</HI> and that he &s;hould marry the Queen of <HI>Scotland</HI> too, which he after|wards refu&s;ed.</P>
<P>The <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> were then po&s;&s;e&s;s'd of <HI>Havre de Grace,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Siege of <HI>Havre de Grace.</HI></NOTE> and had a Garri&s;on in it; and now both the Prote&s;tants and the <HI>Roman</HI> Catholicks united their Forces to de|prive them of it, without repaying any of the Money the Queen had expended in the War, or con&s;idering what need they might after have of that Prince&s;s's prote|ction and a&s;&s;i&s;tance. Both parties on the contrary prote&s;t, That if the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> do not forthwith re&s;tore that place, they &s;hould forfeit their Right to <HI>Calais,</HI> which was re&s;erved to them by the Treaty of <HI>Cambray;</HI> and when this would not do, they proclaimed a War again&s;t the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> in <HI>France</HI> the 7th. of <HI>July;</HI> which was return'd them by the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> till they &s;hould re&s;tore <HI>Calais.</HI> The Earl of <HI>Warwick</HI> who was then Governour of <HI>Havre de Grace,</HI> finding the <HI>French</HI> well di&s;po&s;ed to betray the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> in that Town into the hands of their Country-men, and that they had en|tered into a Con&s;piracy to that purpo&s;e with the <HI>Rhinegrave,</HI> who lay not far off with &s;ome <HI>German</HI> Forces: He thereupon turn'd all the <HI>French</HI> both Prote&s;tants and Papi&s;ts out of the Town without any difference, and &s;eized upon all their Ships. The <HI>French</HI> thereupon (without ever reflecting on their own Con&s;piracy again&s;t the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI>) began a loud complaint, That the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> came not to protect the <HI>French</HI> in their di&s;tre&s;&s;es, but to get the po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ion of the Town, dealing with them not as with Brethren, but as Foreigners. And hereupon the <HI>French</HI> re&s;olved to take this place upon any terms from the <HI>Engli&s;h;</HI> and the King &s;ent a Trumpet to the Go|vernour to demand the Town; who returned for an An&s;wer, <HI>That if the King of</HI> Spain <HI>would pa&s;s his word that</HI> Calais <HI>&s;hould be re&s;tored according to the Treaty of</HI> Cam|bray, <HI>at the time by it appointed; and that the King of</HI> France, <HI>the Queen-Mother, and the Princes of the Blood Royal, would confirm the &s;ame by their Oaths, and Regi&s;ter it in all the Parliaments of</HI> France, <HI>and then give them Ho&s;tages of the Prime Nobility of</HI> France, <HI>he would then deliver up the Town.</HI> This being rejected, the 22d. of <HI>July, Montmorency</HI> the <HI>Con&s;table</HI> took the field, all things being by that time prepared to reduce it by force. The next day they &s;ummon'd the Town again. <HI>Warwick</HI> re|plied, he would &s;uffer death rather than deliver up the place without the Queen's knowledge.
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The Prote|&s;tants fight again&s;t the <HI>Engli&s;h.</HI></NOTE> His Me&s;&s;enger whom he &s;ent with this An&s;wer happened to meet one <HI>Monie</HI> a Prote&s;tant <HI>French</HI> Captain, with whom he had been familiarly acquainted in the Siege of <HI>Roan,</HI> to whom he &s;aid, <HI>He much wondred to &s;ee the Prote&s;tants of</HI> France, <HI>who were of the &s;ame Religion with the</HI> Engli&s;h, <HI>and for who&s;e relief they came into</HI> France, <HI>in the Camp again&s;t them. Le Monie</HI> replied, <HI>As you fight for your Queen &s;o we for our King; the conte&s;t is now for our Country, and Religion is no way concern'd. The bu&s;ine&s;s of Religion is now determin'd and &s;etled by the King's Edict once for all; and therefore you, Sir, are not to wonder if of Friends we are &s;uddenly become your Enemies, and re&s;olved to de&s;troy you if you do not deliver up the place to the King.</HI> When the Earl of <HI>Warwick</HI> heard this he &s;ent pre&s;ently into <HI>England</HI> for Supplies. There was then a Plague in the Town which di&s;couraged the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> more than all their Enemies without. There came &s;ome Ships with Relief from <HI>Eugland,</HI> but the Plague conti|nuing, the Queen to pre&s;erve &s;o many brave men, gave order to the Earl of <HI>War|wick</HI>
<PB N="99" REF="50" MS="y">to &s;urrender the place, upon as Honourable Terms as he could get. The 28th. of <HI>July</HI> the Articles were Signed; the next day there came &s;ixty Ships, and 1800 men to the Relief of the place, but it was too late; &s;o the <HI>Engli&s;h</HI> that remain'd,
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Havre de Grate</HI> &s;urrendred to the <HI>French.</HI></NOTE> were &s;ent on Board the Fleet, who had the misfortune to carry this Plague with them into <HI>England,</HI> and within one year there died in <HI>London</HI> only,
<NOTE PLACE="marg">A Plague in <HI>London.</HI></NOTE> 21530 per&s;ons of this Di&s;ea&s;e. There was &s;o much joy in <HI>France</HI> for the recovery of this &s;mall place, that the Chancellor of <HI>France</HI> &s;aid openly, That now the mo&s;t malicious mu&s;t needs confe&s;s, That the granting Liberty of Con&s;cience had at once delivered <HI>France</HI> from a mo&s;t de&s;tructive Civil War, united the Princes of the Blood Royal, and enabled them to recover too what had been &s;eized by their Enemies during the War, and that chiefly by the help of the Prote&s;tants, who before were &s;o dreadful to them, while&s;t they fought for their Religion.</P>
<P>The Queen, to cut off all pretences to the Guardian&s;hip of the King, by the ad|vice of the Chancellor,
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>Charles</HI> the Ninth declar|ed out of His Minority by the Parlia|ment of <HI>Roan.</HI></NOTE> re&s;olved to have him declared out of his Minority by the Parliament of <HI>Roan;</HI> pur&s;uant to a Con&s;titution of <HI>Charles</HI> the Fifth King of <HI>France,</HI> made in the year 1373, tho' he had then entered only into the Fourteenth year of his age; which was accordingly done the 19th. of <HI>Augu&s;t;</HI> when he declared again, That he was re&s;olved not to &s;uffer his Edicts to be di&s;puted by his Subjects, as had been done during his Minority; and e&s;pecially the la&s;t, for the peace of Religion, which he was re&s;olved to make all his Subjects obey, till it was otherwi&s;e &s;etled by a Council. This Decree met with &s;ome oppo&s;ition from the Parliament of <HI>Paris,</HI> which pretends to be the Supreme Court of that Kingdom; and &s;aid, they ought to have had the honour of declaring the King of Age, and no other, which was &s;oon over-rul'd.</P>
<P>The de&s;ire I had to pro&s;ecute the Affairs of <HI>France,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg">The <HI>Scotch</HI> Af|fairs in 1562.</NOTE> and the Story of the Council of <HI>Trent,</HI> has kept me from mentioning <HI>Scotland</HI> and its Affairs; &s;o that I am be|hind hand with that Kingdom two years. In the beginning of the year 1562, <HI>Mary</HI> Queen of the <HI>Scots,</HI> took her Progre&s;s towards the North: At <HI>Sterling</HI> &s;he was Peti|tion'd by certain Commi&s;&s;ioners of the Church for the Aboli&s;hing of the Ma&s;s, and other Super&s;titious Rites of the <HI>Roman</HI> Religion, the puni&s;hing Bla&s;phemy, the con|tempt of the Word of God, the Profanation of the Sacraments, the Violation of the Sabbath, Adultery, Fornication, and other like Vices condemn'd by the Word of God, but not puni&s;hable by the Laws of <HI>Scotland.</HI> That all Suits for Divorce &s;hould be remitted to the Judgment of the Church; or at lea&s;t, tru&s;ted to men of good knowledge and conver&s;ation; and that Popi&s;h Church-men might be excluded from places in the <HI>Se&s;&s;ion</HI> and Council. This Petition being read by the Queen, &s;he replied, <HI>That &s;he would do nothing to the prejudice of the Religion &s;he profe&s;&s;ed, and that &s;he hoped before a year was expired to have the Ma&s;s and Catholick Profe&s;&s;ion re&s;tored through the whole Kingdom.</HI> And &s;o in a rage turn'd her back and left them.</P>
<P>In <HI>January</HI> 1563. <HI>John Hamilton</HI> Archbi&s;hop of <HI>St.
<NOTE PLACE="marg">And 1563.</NOTE> Andrews</HI> was committed to the Ca&s;tle of <HI>Edinburgh,</HI> for &s;aying and hearing Ma&s;s; the Abbot al&s;o of <HI>Cor&s;ragnal,</HI>
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>John Hamilton</HI> Archbi&s;hop of <HI>St. Andrews</HI> committed for hearing <HI>Ma&s;s.</HI></NOTE> and Prior of <HI>Withern,</HI> had the &s;ame treatment; and divers Prie&s;ts and Monks were cen|&s;ured for the &s;ame cau&s;e. The <HI>Scots</HI> thought by the&s;e Severities to terrifie the Queen into a compliance with their Religion. And it is certain that in a Parliament held at <HI>Edinburgh</HI> in <HI>May</HI> this year &s;he pa&s;&s;ed many Acts in favour of the Reformation. How|ever certain it is, &s;ome of the Prote&s;tants made her an ill requital: For in <HI>Augu&s;t</HI> following, certain of the Queens Family remaining in the Palace of <HI>Edinburgh</HI> call'd <HI>Holy-Rood Hou&s;e,</HI> and having a Prie&s;t to attend them, and perform the <HI>Romi&s;h</HI> Service in the Chapel, divers of the Inhabitants of <HI>Edinburgh,</HI> out of curio&s;ity or devotion re&s;orting thither, great offence was taken at it, and the Preacher began to complain of it as a di&s;order. Whereupon &s;ome of the Citizens went thither to &s;ee if it were &s;o; the&s;e being denied Admit|tance, they forced the Gates of the Queens Palace; took &s;everal of tho&s;e who were there a&s;&s;embled and carried them to pri&s;on; the Prie&s;t and &s;ome few others e&s;ca|ping by a Po&s;tern, or Back-door. This Uproar was very great, and yet it was re|lated to the be&s;t advantage to the Queen, who was then out of Town; &s;he was very much incen&s;ed, as &s;he had good rea&s;on, again&s;t the&s;e Zealots; and &s;wore &s;he would &s;hortly make them Examples of her Royal Indignation. The Earls of <HI>Mur|ray</HI> and <HI>Glencarne</HI> however wi&s;ely interpo&s;ed and appea&s;ed her anger for the pre&s;ent. Soon after <HI>John Knox</HI> was call'd before the Council,
<NOTE PLACE="marg"><HI>John Knox</HI> call'd before the Council for Sedition.</NOTE> and charged as the only Author of this In&s;olent Sedition, and likewi&s;e for &s;tirring up the people by his Circular Letters to Tumults, whenever he thought fit. He an&s;wered, <HI>That he was never a
<PB N="100" REF="51" MS="y">Preacher of Rebellion, nor loved to &s;tir up Tumults; contrariwi&s;e he always taught the People to obey their Magi&s;trates and Princes in God. As to the Convocation of the Subjects, he had received from the Church a Command to adverti&s;e his Brethren when he &s;aw a nece&s;&s;ity of their Meeting, e&s;pecially if he &s;aw Religion to be in peril: And had often de&s;ired to be di&s;charged of that burthen, but &s;till was refu&s;ed.</HI> Then &s;pea|king to the Queen with wonderful boldne&s;s:
<NOTE PLACE="marg">His bold An|&s;wer.</NOTE> <HI>He charged her in the name of Al|mighty God, as &s;he de&s;ired to e&s;cape his heavy wrath and indignation, to for&s;ake that Idolatrous Religion which &s;he profe&s;s'd, and by her power maintain'd again&s;t all the Statutes of the Realm.</HI> He was going on when the Earl of <HI>Morton,</HI> then Chan|cellor of <HI>Scotland,</HI> fearing the Queen might be yet more exa&s;perated again&s;t all the Prote&s;tants of her Kingdom, by his indi&s;creet zeal, commanded him to hold his peace and go away. After this, things were carried more peaceably between the Queen and the Church, the Earl of <HI>Murray</HI> making it his bu&s;ine&s;s to propound their Petitions to her, and to return her An&s;wers to them.</P>
<TRAILER>FINIS.</TRAILER>
</DIV1>
</BODY>
<BACK>
<DIV1 TYPE="index">
<PB REF="51">
<HEAD>A TABLE OF THE Principal Matters Contained in this HISTORY.</HEAD>
<LIST>
<HEAD>A.</HEAD>
<ITEM>ADiaphori&s;ts, <HI>who,</HI> Pag. 478, 481.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Adolph <HI>Count</HI> Schawenburg <HI>is made Archbi&s;hop of</HI> Cologne <HI>by the Pope,</HI> 417. <HI>Enters upon the Re&s;ignation of the Arch|bi&s;hop,</HI> 418. <HI>His fir&s;t Ma&s;s,</HI> 457. <HI>Makes his publick Entry into</HI> Cologne, 499. <HI>He leaves</HI> Trent, 543. <HI>He makes a League with the Hou&s;e of</HI> Burgundy, 560.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Adrian <HI>&s;ucceeds</HI> Leo X. 50. <HI>Sends a Legate to the Diet of</HI> Nuremberg, 54. <HI>And a Breve to</HI> Frederick, <HI>Ibid. Writes a long Letter to the States a&s;&s;embled at</HI> Nuremberg, 55. <HI>And to Private Per&s;ons again&s;t</HI> Luther, 56. <HI>As al&s;o to the Senate of</HI> Strasburg, <HI>Ibid. An account of his Life,</HI> Ibid. <HI>He is cho&s;en Pope,</HI> 57. <HI>Writes to the College of Cardinals,</HI> Ibid. <HI>And to the People of</HI> Rome, <HI>Ibid. Goes to</HI> Rome, <HI>Ibid. His In&s;tructions to the Diet at</HI> Nuremberg, 58. <HI>De&s;ires an An&s;wer to them,</HI> 60. <HI>Dies,</HI> 66.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Agricola, <HI>vide</HI> I&s;lebius.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Aix, <HI>Parliament of</HI> Aix <HI>make a Cruel Decree again&s;t the</HI> Walden&s;es, 343.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Albert <HI>of</HI> Brandenburg, <HI>Bi&s;hop of</HI> Mentz <HI>and</HI> Magdeburg, 2. Luther <HI>writes to him. Vide</HI> Luther. <HI>Is made Cardinal,</HI> 4. <HI>His Speech to the Electors at</HI> Frankfort, 14. <HI>He Proclaims</HI> Charles <HI>the Fifth's Election,</HI> 18. <HI>An&s;wers</HI> Luther<HI>'s Letter kindly,</HI> 31. <HI>Makes a Speech to</HI> Charles <HI>the Fifth,</HI> 37. <HI>Is con|cerned in the</HI> Ban <HI>by which</HI> Luther <HI>was Pro|&s;cribed,</HI> 49. <HI>Sends Amba&s;&s;adors to the Pro|te&s;tants at</HI> Smalcald, 153. <HI>Dies,</HI> 354.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Albert <HI>of</HI> Brandenburg, <HI>Grand Ma&s;ter of the</HI> Teutonick <HI>Order, wars with</HI> Sigi&s;mund <HI>King of</HI> Poland, 99. <HI>Demands Succours from</HI> Germany, <HI>Ibid. Swears Allegiance to</HI> Signi&s;mund, <HI>Ibid. Marries and is made Duke of</HI> Pru&s;&s;ia, <HI>Ibid. What he did is re&s;cinded by the Emperor,</HI> 139. <HI>He is Pro&s;cribed,</HI> 161. <HI>He a&s;&s;i&s;ts</HI> O&s;iander, <HI>and Bani&s;hes tho&s;e Mi|nisters who refu&s;e his Doctrine,</HI> 511.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Albert <HI>Marquis of</HI> Brandenburg <HI>a&s;&s;i&s;ts Duke</HI> Maurice, 417. <HI>He keeps</HI> Rochlitz, 420. <HI>Is taken Pri&s;oner by the Duke of</HI> Saxony, <HI>Ibid. Set at liberty,</HI> 428. <HI>Goes into</HI> France <HI>to me|diate a League between the</HI> French <HI>King and Duke</HI> Maurice, 549. <HI>His Declaration of War again&s;t the Emperor,</HI> 551. <HI>He joins D.</HI> Maurice <HI>and the</HI> Landgrave<HI>'s Son,</HI> 555. <HI>He wa&s;ts the Country about</HI> Ulm, 556. <HI>He is very cruel to the</HI> Norembergers, 561. <HI>Fines the Bi&s;hops of</HI> Bamberg <HI>and</HI> Wurtzburg, 562. <HI>Makes Peace with the</HI> Norembergers, <HI>Ibid. He writes to the City of</HI> Ulm <HI>to yield to him,</HI> 563. <HI>He de&s;erts the Confederates, and wars in his own Name,</HI> 567. <HI>Breaks in up|on the Bi&s;hops of</HI> Mentz <HI>and</HI> Triers, <HI>Ibid. Demands his chief Ca&s;tle of the Bi&s;hop of</HI> Triers, <HI>Ibid. He falls upon the Bi&s;hops upon the</HI> Rhine, 571. <HI>His Demands of the</HI> Stra&s;|burgers, <HI>Ibid. He be&s;ieges</HI> Frankfort, 572. <HI>Makes War again&s;t the Bi&s;hops of</HI> Mentz <HI>and</HI> Spire, <HI>Ibid. And robs the Chur|ches of tho&s;e Bi&s;hopricks,</HI> 573. <HI>Is receiv'd at</HI> Triers, <HI>Ibid. Marches into</HI> Luxemburg, 574. <HI>Makes a Peace with the Emperor,</HI> 575. <HI>Beats the</HI> French <HI>at</HI> Pont a Mou&s;&s;on, <HI>Ibid. Complains to the</HI> Franconian <HI>Bi&s;hops,</HI> 577. <HI>Refu&s;es an Accommodation at</HI> Heidelberg, <HI>and declares War again&s;t the Bi&s;hops of</HI> Fran|conia, 578. <HI>Takes</HI> Bamberg, <HI>and &s;poils the Country,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Makes War upon Duke</HI> Mau|rice, 581. <HI>War is declared again&s;t him,</HI> Ib. <HI>His An&s;wer to their Declaration,</HI> 584. <HI>His Territories are invaded,</HI> Ibid. <HI>He is routed by D.</HI> Maurice, 585. <HI>Writes a Letter to D.</HI>
<PB REF="52">Maurice<HI>'s Subjects,</HI> 586. <HI>Renews the War again&s;t the D. of</HI> Brun&s;wick, 591. <HI>Is routed by him,</HI> Ibid. <HI>He retires towards</HI> France, 592. <HI>He is Pro&s;cribed,</HI> 594. <HI>Sues in vain to have it taken off,</HI> 595. <HI>He Remon&s;trates to the Diet of</HI> Ausburg <HI>again&s;t the</HI> Norem|bergers, 599. <HI>By continuing the War he is at la&s;t Outed of all,</HI> 601. <HI>Goes into</HI> France, 604. <HI>Writes to the Diet at</HI> Frankfort, <HI>Ibid.</HI></ITEM>
<ITEM>Albert <HI>Count</HI> Mansfield <HI>goes again&s;t</HI> Muncer's <HI>Rabble,</HI> 84. <HI>He routs them,</HI> Ibid.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Albert <HI>of</HI> Brun&s;wick <HI>killed,</HI> 404.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Albertus Magnus, <HI>vide</HI> Aquinas.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Aleander (Hieronymus) <HI>&s;ent again&s;t</HI> Luther <HI>to</HI> Frederick <HI>by the Pope,</HI> 38. <HI>Made a Car|dinal,</HI> 39.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Alexander de Medicis <HI>recovers</HI> Florence, 132. <HI>is killed by his Kin&s;man</HI> Lorenzo Medicis, 209.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Alaski <HI>&s;ent by</HI> Ferdinand <HI>Amba&s;&s;ador to</HI> Soly|man, 270. <HI>Impri&s;oned by him,</HI> 271.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Aloi&s;ia <HI>Mother to</HI> Francis I. <HI>writes to Pope</HI> Cle|ment <HI>during his Captivity,</HI> 98. <HI>Makes a League with</HI> Henry <HI>the</HI> VIII. 102.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Am&s;torfius, <HI>vide</HI> John Frederick <HI>Elector of</HI> Saxony.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Anabapti&s;ts, <HI>their Original,</HI> 110. <HI>Their Do|ctrines at</HI> Mun&s;ter, 190. <HI>Their Book called the Re&s;titution,</HI> 196. <HI>Their Supper,</HI> Ibid. <HI>their</HI> 28 <HI>Apo&s;tles,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Who were all Execu|ted,</HI> 197. <HI>They write to the Landgrave,</HI> 198. <HI>Their Helli&s;h Doctrines,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Their Book of the My&s;teries of Chri&s;t,</HI> 199.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Angelical <HI>Doctor, vide</HI> Aquinas.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Anne Boleyne <HI>Wife to</HI> Hen. VIII. <HI>Beheaded,</HI> 208.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Anthony <HI>D. of</HI> Lorrain <HI>forbids his Subjects to read</HI> Luther<HI>'s Books,</HI> 75. <HI>Defeats the Boors in his Country,</HI> 81. <HI>Kills</HI> 18000 <HI>of them,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Of which many after Promi&s;e of Life was granted,</HI> Ibid. <HI>He negotiates a Peace be|tween the Emperor and</HI> French <HI>King in vain,</HI> 320. <HI>Dies,</HI> 327.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Antinomians, <HI>their Original,</HI> 244.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Apparition <HI>of Gho&s;ts frequent in the times of Popery,</HI> 172.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Aquinas (Tho.) <HI>chiefly quoted to prove Indul|gences,</HI> 3. <HI>Studied at</HI> Cologne <HI>and</HI> Paris. 4. <HI>Scholar to</HI> Albertus Magnus, <HI>Ibid. Sainted by Pope</HI> John XXII, <HI>Ibid. Dies,</HI> An. 1274. Ibid. <HI>Called Angelical Doctor,</HI> Ibid.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Arbitrators, <HI>Elector of</HI> Mentz, <HI>and Prince Pa|latine cho&s;en to mediate between the Prote&s;tant Princes, and the Emperor,</HI> 154. <HI>Their An|&s;wer to the Prince's Propo&s;itions,</HI> 158.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Ari&s;totle <HI>better u&s;ed by the</HI> Lovain <HI>Doctors than</HI> Luther, 29.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Arn&s;tadt, <HI>a Town in</HI> Thuringia, <HI>a Convention of</HI> Prote&s;tants <HI>there,</HI> 251.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Arras, <HI>vide</HI> Anthony Perenot Granvell.</ITEM>
<ITEM>D'Avalos (Ferd.) <HI>Marque&s;s of</HI> Pe&s;cara, <HI>hear|tens the</HI> Imperiali&s;ts <HI>to Fight at</HI> Pevia, 79. <HI>Accu&s;es the</HI> French <HI>King,</HI> 295.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Augsburg <HI>a Diet there,</HI> 4. <HI>The Diet at</HI> Au|sburg <HI>removed to</HI> Spire, 97. <HI>They embrace the Prote&s;tant Religion,</HI> 109. <HI>Commi&s;&s;ioners to frame a Decree there,</HI> 135. <HI>The Tenor of it,</HI> Ibid. <HI>The Decree of that Diet,</HI> 139. <HI>They publi&s;h a Book again&s;t the Eccle&s;ia&s;ticks,</HI> 212. <HI>They promi&s;e to lend no more money to the Em|peror,</HI> 389. <HI>They capitulate with the Empe|ror,</HI> 418. <HI>A Diet called to</HI> Ausburg, 435. <HI>It is an Armed Diet,</HI> 437. <HI>It is opened,</HI> Ibid. <HI>A Decree there about a free Council,</HI> 467. <HI>Another Armed Diet at</HI> Augsburg, 499. <HI>The Decree of the Diet about a Council,</HI> 512. <HI>Their Divines examined of a &s;udden by</HI> Granvell, <HI>and &s;ent out of</HI> Germany, 516. <HI>Is &s;urren|dred to D.</HI> Maurice <HI>and the Confederate Princes,</HI> 555. <HI>Great Conte&s;ts about Religion in the Diet,</HI> 621. <HI>The Allegations of the</HI> Pa|pi&s;ts <HI>again&s;t the</HI> Prote&s;tants, 622. <HI>The De|cree of the Diet,</HI> 626.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Augsburg <HI>(Cardinal of) vindicates him&s;elf,</HI> 633.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Augu&s;tane <HI>Confe&s;&s;ion read to</HI> Charles <HI>the Fifth,</HI> 129. <HI>Oppugned by the Popi&s;h Divines,</HI> 130.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Augu&s;tine <HI>Monks at</HI> Wittemberg <HI>forbear &s;ay|ing</HI> Ma&s;s, 49. <HI>Two</HI> Augu&s;tine <HI>Friars exami|ned at</HI> Bru&s;&s;els, 63. <HI>Burnt,</HI> 64.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Augu&s;tus <HI>&s;ucceeds his Brother</HI> Maurice <HI>in the Electorate of</HI> Saxony, 587. <HI>Calls a Conven|tion of his States; what's their An&s;wer to his Propo&s;als,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Refu&s;es to appear at the Diet of</HI> Ausburg, 612.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Au&s;trian <HI>Nobility Petition</HI> Ferdinand <HI>for Li|berty of Con&s;cience,</HI> 285. <HI>They renew their In&s;tances,</HI> 287. <HI>They Addre&s;s again,</HI> 628. <HI>Their Reply to</HI> Ferdinand<HI>'s An&s;wer,</HI> 630. Ferdinand<HI>'s An&s;wer to their Reply,</HI> 632.</ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<HEAD>B</HEAD>
<ITEM>BAden, <HI>a Di&s;putation there of both Parties of</HI> Switzers, 105. <HI>The Points di&s;puted of,</HI> Ibid.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Bamberg (Wigand <HI>Bi&s;hop of) Quarrels with the Elector of</HI> Brandenburg, 152.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Barbaro&s;&s;a <HI>the</HI> Turki&s;h <HI>Admiral takes</HI> Ca&s;tle|novo, 251. <HI>Lies with his Fleet at</HI> Thoulon, 314. <HI>He Be&s;ieges the Ca&s;tle of</HI> Nizza, <HI>Ibid. When he could not take it, he retires to</HI> Thou|lon, 316. <HI>As he retires from</HI> Thoulon, <HI>makes &s;ad ravages in</HI> Italy, 326.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Barnes (Rich.) <HI>Burnt at</HI> London, 269.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Ba&s;il-<HI>Council a&s;&s;erted the Superiority of Councils to a Pope,</HI> 10. Occolampadius <HI>Preaches there,</HI> 76. <HI>Great Di&s;&s;entions about Religion,</HI> 116. <HI>Images broken down and burnt upon</HI> A&s;h-Wedne&s;day, 117: <HI>Ma&s;s aboli&s;hed there,</HI> Ibid. <HI>The Form of the &s;afe Conduct which was granted at the Council of</HI> Ba&s;il, 539.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Bavaria, <HI>the Dukes oppo&s;e the Election of</HI> Fer|dinand <HI>King of the</HI> Romans, 158. <HI>The D. of</HI> Bavaria <HI>intercedes for the D. of</HI> Brun&s;|wick, 307.</ITEM>
<PB REF="52">
<ITEM>Beaton (David) <HI>Cardinal, Arch-Bi&s;hop of St.</HI> Andrews <HI>killed,</HI> 382.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Becken (Otho) <HI>gives the Landgrave of</HI> He&s;|&s;e <HI>an Account of a Confederacy of the</HI> Ger|man <HI>Princes,</HI> 114.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Beghardi, <HI>vide</HI> Picards.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Belgrade, <HI>vide</HI> Solyman.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Bellay (Sieur de Langey) <HI>&s;ent by K.</HI> Francis <HI>to</HI> Smalcald, 183. <HI>His Speech to the Prote|&s;tants there,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Dies,</HI> 309.</ITEM>
<ITEM>S. Bernard, <HI>his Letter to</HI> P. Eugenius, 24.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Bern, <HI>the Cantons of</HI> Bern <HI>de&s;ire a Publick Di&s;pute at</HI> Bern, 110. <HI>They Publi&s;h</HI> The&s;es <HI>of Di&s;putation.</HI> 111. <HI>There is a Di&s;putation held,</HI> Ibid. <HI>They aboli&s;h Popery,</HI> 112. <HI>They join with the</HI> Zurichers <HI>to &s;top Provi&s;ions to the other</HI> Cantons, 155. <HI>They are &s;lack in &s;ending the</HI> Zurichers <HI>Relief,</HI> 156.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Bichling <HI>(Count) condemned to die for &s;id|ing with the</HI> French, 326. <HI>Is pardoned,</HI> Ibid.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Blancer (Ambro&s;e) <HI>di&s;putes at</HI> Bern, 111. <HI>Preaches up the Reformed Religion at</HI> Con|&s;tance, 112. <HI>Leaves his Mona&s;tery,</HI> Ibid. <HI>A&s;&s;i&s;ts</HI> Bucer <HI>in con&s;tituting a Prote&s;tant Church at</HI> Ulm. 149.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Bohemians <HI>Communicate in both Kinds,</HI> 26. <HI>Their Suppre&s;&s;ion con&s;ulted about in the Fourth</HI> Lateran <HI>Council,</HI> 27. <HI>Sects among&s;t them,</HI> 53. <HI>They invade</HI> Saxony <HI>unwillingly,</HI> 408. <HI>They return Home,</HI> 409. <HI>They refu&s;e to Fight again&s;t the Elector of</HI> Saxony, 417. <HI>The Nobility of</HI> Prague <HI>de&s;ire a Conventi|on to be called,</HI> 420. <HI>A League among&s;t them,</HI> Ibid. <HI>They Write to</HI> Ferdinand <HI>and Duke</HI> Maurice, 423. <HI>They Write to the</HI> Mo|ravians <HI>to defend their Liberties,</HI> 424. <HI>They Write to</HI> Ferdinand, <HI>interceding for the Duke of</HI> Saxony, 425. <HI>And prepare for War.</HI> Ibid. <HI>They &s;tand by the Duke of</HI> Saxony, 426. <HI>They promi&s;e to comply,</HI> 427.</ITEM>
<ITEM><HI>Pope</HI> Boniface <HI>the</HI> 8th. <HI>appointed a Jubile every</HI> 100 <HI>Years,</HI> 9.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Book <HI>Printed in</HI> French <HI>again&s;t the Huck&s;ters of Sacred things,</HI> 178. <HI>An Account of it,</HI> Ibid.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Boors <HI>ri&s;e in</HI> Swaben, 76. <HI>Are quieted,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Ri&s;e again there,</HI> 79. <HI>Publi&s;h their Demands,</HI> Ibid. <HI>They treat with the Deputies of the Empire at</HI> Ulm. 80. <HI>They are Routed by</HI> George Truch&s;es <HI>at</HI> Lippen, Ibid. <HI>The Boors in</HI> Algow <HI>di&s;per&s;e them&s;elves,</HI> Ibid. <HI>They Ri&s;e in</HI> Franconia, <HI>Ibid. Killed Count</HI> Helfen&s;tein <HI>at</HI> Win&s;perg, Ibid. <HI>Are Routed by</HI> Truch&s;es, 81. <HI>He puni&s;hes tho&s;e who kil|led Count</HI> Helfen&s;tein, Ib. <HI>Another body takes</HI> Wirtzburg, Ibid. <HI>Are Routed by</HI> Truch|&s;es, Ibid. <HI>&V;p in</HI> Lorrain. Ibid. <HI>There De|feated.</HI> Ibid. <HI>And every where el&s;e in</HI> Ger|many, Ibid. <HI>Many killed Treacherou&s;ly, af|ter Promi&s;e of Life,</HI> Ibid. <HI>The demands of the</HI> Boors <HI>in</HI> Schwabia, 90.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Bourbon, <HI>vide</HI> Charles <HI>D. of</HI></ITEM>
<ITEM>Bourdeaux, <HI>a Sedition there,</HI> 474. <HI>Quelled and the Inhabitants Puni&s;hed Severely,</HI> 475.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Brandenburg <HI>(Duke of) Appeals to a General Council from the Bi&s;hop of</HI> Bamberg. 152.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Brandenburg <HI>(Elector,) vide</HI> Joachim; <HI>the Marque&s;&s;es of</HI> Brandenburg <HI>act again&s;t the Prote&s;tants,</HI> 376.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Bremer's <HI>An&s;wer to the Propo&s;als made to them by the Princes,</HI> 502.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Brentius (John) <HI>in great Di&s;tre&s;s at</HI> Hall <HI>a|bout the</HI> Interim, 461. <HI>Received by the D. of</HI> Wirtemberg, 462. <HI>He draws up a Confe&s;|&s;ion of the Divines in the Dutchy, and is e|&s;teemed by the Duke,</HI> 515.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Bruly (Peter) <HI>Preaches the Reformed Religion in the</HI> Netherlands, 341. <HI>Is &s;eized upon at</HI> Tournay, Ibid. <HI>The Prote&s;tants in</HI> Germa|ny <HI>intercede for him,</HI> Ibid. <HI>He is Examined,</HI> 342. <HI>Burnt.</HI> Ibid.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Brun&s;wick (Hen. <HI>D. of) hot again&s;t the Prote&s;tants,</HI> 239. <HI>His Letters to the Bi&s;hop of</HI> Mentz <HI>and</HI> Eldo, <HI>intercepted by the Land|grave,</HI> 246. <HI>He Quarrels with the Elector of</HI> Saxony, 247. <HI>Accu&s;es the Prote&s;tants,</HI> 267. <HI>Hires Incendiaries to burn &s;ome Towns in</HI> Saxony, 275. <HI>Who is accu&s;ed of it to the Emperor,</HI> Ibid. <HI>He is thrown out by the</HI> Sax|on, <HI>and the Landgrave,</HI> 298. <HI>Appeals to the Imperial Chamber,</HI> 304. <HI>Prote&s;tants in the Diet of</HI> Spire, 319. <HI>The Story of the Dukes Mi&s;tre&s;s,</HI> Eve Trottine, 322. <HI>He an&s;wers the Caluninies of the Confederates,</HI> 323. <HI>His Country &s;eque&s;tred into the Empe|ror's Hands,</HI> 326. <HI>He cheats the</HI> French <HI>King of his Money,</HI> 351. <HI>His Dutchy &s;e|que&s;tred to the Emperor,</HI> 352. <HI>He is Ob&s;ti|nate,</HI> Ib. <HI>Rai&s;es an Army,</HI> 352. <HI>Makes great &s;poil in the Dutchy of</HI> Brun&s;wick, Ibid. <HI>Is oppo&s;ed by the Landgrave,</HI> 353. <HI>Emploies D.</HI> Maurice <HI>to Mediate for him,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Breaks the Truce,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Fights the Landgrave,</HI> 354. <HI>Surrenders at Di&s;cretion,</HI> Ibid, <HI>Offers to be|tray the Popi&s;h Councils to the Landgrave,</HI> 388. <HI>Is &s;et at Liberty, and goes to the Empe|ror at</HI> Hall, 432. <HI>Commences his Acti|ons again&s;t the Landgrave in the Imperial Chamber,</HI> 474. <HI>Be&s;ieges</HI> Brun&s;wick, 500. <HI>Outed of his Country by</HI> Volrat <HI>Count</HI> Mans|field, 576. <HI>Complains of it to the Emperor at</HI> Metz. Ibid. <HI>Leagues with</HI> Maurice, 578. <HI>Plagues his</HI> We&s;tphalian <HI>Neighbours,</HI> 579. <HI>Routs</HI> Albert, 591. <HI>Be&s;ieges</HI> Brun&s;wick, 593. <HI>Makes an Agreement with</HI> John Fre|derick <HI>D. of</HI> Saxony, Ibid. <HI>Pro&s;ecutes the War in</HI> Albert<HI>'s Country,</HI> 594. <HI>Rai&s;es Mo|ney from the Cities in the lower</HI> Saxony, 602.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Bucer (Mart.) <HI>meets</HI> Luther <HI>at</HI> Marpurg, 121. <HI>Endeavours to unite</HI> Luther <HI>and</HI> Zuinglius, 141. <HI>Con&s;titutes a Church at</HI> Ulm, 149. <HI>Goes to</HI> Cologne <HI>at</HI> Gropper's <HI>Invitation,</HI> 288. <HI>Is kindly received by the Bi|&s;hop,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Preaches at</HI> Bon, 310. <HI>Is oppo|&s;ed by the Clergy of</HI> Cologne, 311. <HI>Oppo|&s;es</HI> Malvenda <HI>about Ju&s;tification at</HI> Ratisbon, 359. <HI>Goes from the Conference,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Is
<PB REF="53">&s;ent for to</HI> Ausburg, 454. <HI>Rejects the</HI> In|terim, 457. <HI>Goes into</HI> England, 479. <HI>And dies at</HI> Cambridge, 513.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Buda <HI>Be&s;ieged by</HI> Ferdinand, 284. <HI>Taken by</HI> Solyman <HI>by a Trick,</HI> 285.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Budaeus (Will.) <HI>dies,</HI> 269.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Bull de Coena Domini, <HI>what,</HI> 42.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Bull (Golden) <HI>what,</HI> 19.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Buren (Maximilian <HI>Count of) comes to a&s;&s;i&s;t the Emperor,</HI> 397. <HI>He joins the Emperor,</HI> 403. <HI>Takes</HI> Darm&s;tadt, 414. <HI>And</HI> Frank|fort <HI>upon Compo&s;ition,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Dies,</HI> 478.</ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<HEAD>C</HEAD>
<ITEM>CAden (Mich.) <HI>&s;ends an Account to</HI> Nurem|berg <HI>of their Amba&s;&s;adors being confined at</HI> Piacenza, 125. <HI>Pre&s;ents a Prote&s;tant Book to</HI> Charles, <HI>ibid. For which he is in danger,</HI> ibid. <HI>But makes his E&s;cape,</HI> ibid.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Cae&s;ar (Leonard) <HI>Burnt for Religion,</HI> 110.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Calvin (John) <HI>Preaches at</HI> Strasburg, 241. <HI>An&s;wers Cardinal</HI> Farne&s;e<HI>'s Speech again&s;t the Prote&s;tants,</HI> 266. <HI>Writes an Antidote again&s;t the</HI> Sorbon <HI>Doctors, and a Book of Reliques,</HI> 314. <HI>Is expelled</HI> Geneva, 616.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Campegio <HI>(Cardinal) goes to</HI> Nuremberg, 66. <HI>Writes to the Elector</HI> Frederick <HI>Duke of</HI> Sa|xony, 67. <HI>His Speech to the Princes of the Empire,</HI> 68. <HI>His Reply to their An&s;wer,</HI> 69. <HI>His An&s;wer to the Deputies from</HI> Strasburg, 73. <HI>makes a Speech at the Diet at</HI> Worms, 271.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Capua (Nich.) <HI>Archbi&s;hop of</HI> Capua <HI>again&s;t Reformation,</HI> 238. <HI>Sends a Copy of the Draught into</HI> Germany, <HI>ibid.</HI></ITEM>
<ITEM>Caracciolus (Martinus) <HI>&s;ent to</HI> Frederick <HI>by the Pope again&s;t</HI> Luther, 38. <HI>Made a Car|dinal,</HI> 39.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Cardinal. <HI>The Delegate Cardinals draw a Mo|del of Reformation,</HI> 233. <HI>The Cardinals at the Council of</HI> Trent <HI>an&s;wer</HI> Mendoza<HI>'s Speech,</HI> 360.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Carolo&s;tadius (Andrew) <HI>di&s;putes with</HI> Eckius <HI>at</HI> Leipzick, 22. <HI>Pulls down Images at</HI> Wit|temberg, 52. <HI>Goes over to the Enthu&s;ia&s;ts,</HI> ibid. <HI>Writes again&s;t</HI> Luther <HI>about the Eucha|ri&s;t,</HI> 97. <HI>Excu&s;es him&s;elf from being engaged with the Boors,</HI> ibid. <HI>Begs</HI> Luther<HI>'s Prote|ction,</HI> ibid.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Capnio, <HI>vide</HI> Reuchlin.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Cajetan (Tho. Card.) <HI>&s;ent by Pope</HI> Leo <HI>to the Diet at</HI> Ausburg, 4. <HI>Exhorts the Princes of the Empire to defend it again&s;t</HI> Selymus <HI>the</HI> Turk, <HI>ibid. Treats with</HI> Luther <HI>at</HI> Au|sburg, 7. <HI>Commands</HI> Stupits <HI>to treat pri|vately with</HI> Luther, 8. <HI>Exclaims again&s;t the Council of</HI> Con&s;tance <HI>in the Council of</HI> La|teran, 10. <HI>Writes to</HI> Frederick, <HI>complain|ing again&s;t</HI> Luther, <HI>ibid. Publi&s;hes</HI> Leo<HI>'s Bull at</HI> Lintz, 12. <HI>Sends it to the Bi&s;hops of</HI> Germany, <HI>ibid. Exa&s;perated the Breach of</HI> Luther, 24.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Ca&s;a (John) <HI>Archbi&s;hop of</HI> Beneventum, <HI>the Pope</HI>'s <HI>Legate at</HI> Venice, 475. <HI>Writes in defence of Sodomy,</HI> 477.</ITEM>
<ITEM><HI>Prince</HI> Ca&s;imir <HI>of</HI> Brandenburg <HI>rai&s;es Troops upon</HI> Charles <HI>the Fifth's Election, for his Service,</HI> 18.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Catharinus (Ambro&s;ius) <HI>writes in defence of the Pope's Supremacy again&s;t</HI> Luther, 40.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Catharine <HI>of</HI> Au&s;tria <HI>Wife to</HI> Henry <HI>the Eight, dies,</HI> 202.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Catharine de Medicis <HI>Married to</HI> Henry <HI>the &s;econd of</HI> France, 168.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Chabot Brian (Philip) <HI>Admiral of</HI> France <HI>Condemned,</HI> 272. <HI>Re&s;tored,</HI> 277.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Chamber (Imperial) <HI>Delegates appointed to Reform it,</HI> 161. <HI>They Pro&s;ecute the Prote|&s;tants with Vigour,</HI> 184. <HI>They Pro&s;cribe</HI> Minden, 245. <HI>Vide</HI> Imperial Chamber in I.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Charles <HI>the Fourth Emperor, made the Golden Bull,</HI> An. 1356. 19.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Charles <HI>Duke of</HI> Bourbon, <HI>be&s;ieges</HI> Mar&s;eil|les, 76. <HI>Takes</HI> Rome, 109. <HI>Blocks up the Pope in the Ca&s;tle of St.</HI> Angelo, Ibid. <HI>His Soldi|ers commit great In&s;olencies,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Dies,</HI> 110. <HI>Is attainted by the</HI> French <HI>King,</HI> Ibid.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Charles <HI>the Great made Emperor at</HI> Rome, 150.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Charles <HI>King of</HI> Spain <HI>Competitor for the Em|pire,</HI> 13. <HI>His An&s;wer to Prince</HI> Palatine, 18. <HI>His Genealogy,</HI> 19. <HI>The Conditions which were impo&s;ed upon him as his Election,</HI> 20. <HI>Goes into</HI> England, 25. <HI>Thence into the</HI> Low-Countries, <HI>ibid. Summons the E|lectors to</HI> Aix la Chapelle, 36. <HI>Meets them there,</HI> 37. <HI>Enters the Town in &s;tate,</HI> ibid. <HI>The Ceremonies of his Coronation,</HI> ibid. <HI>His Oath,</HI> ibid. <HI>Goes to</HI> Cologne, <HI>and calls a Diet to</HI> Worms, 38. <HI>Promi&s;es</HI> Luther <HI>a publick hearing at the Diet,</HI> 41. <HI>Writes to</HI> Luther, <HI>and gives him &s;afe Conduct,</HI> 42. <HI>Writes to the Princes again&s;t</HI> Luther, 44. <HI>Pro&s;cribes him</HI> 48, 49. <HI>Makes War with</HI> Francis I, 50. <HI>And takes</HI> Milain, <HI>ibid. Returns into</HI> Spain, 51. <HI>Goes into</HI> England <HI>by the way, and makes a League with</HI> Henry VIII. <HI>ibid. An&s;wers the Complaints exhibi|ted by the free Cities again&s;t the Diet at</HI> Nu|remberg, 66. <HI>Complains to the Diet, that the Decree of</HI> Worms <HI>was not ob&s;erved,</HI> 73. <HI>Chides the States and Princes for attempting to call a General Council,</HI> 75. <HI>Takes King</HI> Francis <HI>Pri&s;oner at</HI> Pavia, 79. <HI>De&s;ires that a Diet may be called at</HI> Ausburg, 96. <HI>Treats a Peace with</HI> Francis, 102. <HI>The Ar|ticles of Peace,</HI> ibid. <HI>Writes to the Diet at</HI> Spire, <HI>that the Decree at</HI> Worms <HI>&s;hould be kept,</HI> 103. <HI>Marries the King of</HI> Portugal<HI>'s Daughter,</HI> 105. <HI>An&s;wers Pope</HI> Clement<HI>'s angry Letter,</HI> 106. <HI>His Letter to the College of Cardinals,</HI> 107. <HI>He an&s;wers the Confe|derates Propo&s;als,</HI> 109. <HI>He leaves off publick Sports, when he under&s;tood that</HI> Rome <HI>was taken,</HI> 109. <HI>Accu&s;es the</HI> French <HI>King of
<PB REF="53">Breach of Faith,</HI> 112. <HI>An&s;wers the</HI> French <HI>King's Challenge,</HI> 115. <HI>Calls a Synod to be held at</HI> Spire, <HI>ibid. An&s;wers the Prote&s;tant Amba&s;&s;adors at</HI> Piacenza, 124. <HI>Confines the Prote&s;tant Amba&s;&s;adors to their Lodgings,</HI> 125. <HI>Calls a Diet at</HI> Augsbourg, 126. <HI>Is Crowned at</HI> Rome <HI>by the Pope,</HI> ibid. <HI>Makes his Entry into</HI> Augsbourg, 127. <HI>Makes a Speech to the Princes of the Diet,</HI> ibid. <HI>Con|&s;ents at la&s;t that the</HI> Augu&s;tane Confe&s;&s;ion <HI>&s;hould be read to him,</HI> 129. <HI>His Speech to the Princes,</HI> 133. <HI>He threatens the Prote&s;tant Princes,</HI> 134. <HI>Debates with them about a De|cree.</HI> 135. <HI>As al&s;o with the Deputies of par|ticular Cities,</HI> 138. <HI>Denies the Liberty which the Prote&s;tants demanded,</HI> 139. <HI>Re&s;cinds</HI> Al|bert <HI>of</HI> Brandenburg<HI>'s Tran&s;actions with the King of</HI> Poland, <HI>ibid. Calls the Electors to|gether to choo&s;e a K. of the</HI> Romans <HI>at</HI> Co|logne, 142. <HI>His Rea&s;ons for choo&s;ing a King of the</HI> Romans, 143. <HI>He commands the Pro|te&s;tants to acknowledge</HI> Ferdinand <HI>King of the</HI> Romans, 148. <HI>He gives them notice of a</HI> Turki&s;h <HI>Inva&s;ion,</HI> ibid. <HI>Calls a Diet at</HI> Spire, 152. <HI>Removes it to</HI> Ratisbon, 155. <HI>And confirms a Peace there to all Prote&s;tants,</HI> 160. <HI>Sollicites for aid again&s;t the</HI> Turks <HI>to little purpo&s;e,</HI> 161. <HI>Goes to</HI> Italy, 162. <HI>Writes into</HI> Germany <HI>to obey</HI> Ferdinand, <HI>ibid. Makes a League with Pope</HI> Clement, <HI>ibid. His Amba&s;&s;ador goes with the Pope's Legate to the</HI> D. <HI>of</HI> Saxony, <HI>ibid. His Amba&s;&s;ador's Speech to the Duke,</HI> 163. <HI>Stands to the de|termination of</HI> Ferdinand <HI>concerning the</HI> D. <HI>of</HI> Wirtemberg, 174. <HI>Goes into</HI> Africa, 180. <HI>Takes</HI> Goletta, <HI>ibid. Re&s;tores</HI> Muley Hazem <HI>to the Kingdom of</HI> Tunis, <HI>ibid. En|courages the Pro&s;ecutions of the Imperial Chamber,</HI> 184. <HI>His Speech again&s;t the</HI> French <HI>King,</HI> 204. <HI>Writes to the Prote&s;tants in</HI> Germany, 208. <HI>Is un&s;ucce&s;sful in</HI> France, ibid. <HI>Sends</HI> Eldo <HI>his Amba&s;&s;ador to</HI> Smalcald <HI>to treat with the Prote&s;tants,</HI> 212. <HI>Makes a Truce with the King of</HI> France, 232. <HI>Meets</HI> Francis <HI>at</HI> Aigues Mortes, 239. <HI>Ac|commodates with the Prote&s;tants at</HI> Franc|fort, 248. <HI>Goes through</HI> France <HI>into</HI> Flan|ders, 252. <HI>His An&s;wer to the Prote&s;tants Amba&s;&s;adors,</HI> 255. <HI>He puni&s;hes the City of</HI> Ghent <HI>for its In&s;urrection,</HI> 262. <HI>He writes to the Elector of</HI> Saxony, <HI>and the Landgrave about a Peace,</HI> 263. <HI>Denies the</HI> D. <HI>of</HI> Cleve's <HI>Petition,</HI> 266. <HI>Confirms the Decree at</HI> Hague|naw, 269. <HI>Invites the Prote&s;tants to meet at</HI> Wormes, <HI>ibid. He di&s;&s;olves the Conference at</HI> Wormes, 272. <HI>Appoints Per&s;ons to conferr at</HI> Ratisbon, 276. <HI>His Exhortations to them,</HI> ibid. <HI>Referrs Religious Matters to a Council.</HI> 282. He <HI>makes a Private Grant to the Prote|&s;tants,</HI> 283. <HI>Complains of the</HI> D. <HI>of</HI> Cleve, ibid. <HI>Sails into</HI> Africk, 285. <HI>Lo&s;es his Fleet by a Storm,</HI> ibid. <HI>Writes to the Senate at</HI> Metz <HI>to allow no Change in Religion,</HI> 298. <HI>His</HI> Manife&s;to <HI>again&s;t the</HI> French <HI>King to the Pope,</HI> 300. <HI>His An&s;wer to the Cardinals of the Mediation who were &s;ent by the Pope,</HI> 303. <HI>His Soldiers wa&s;te</HI> Juliers, <HI>and take</HI> Duren, <HI>ibid. Writes to the Prote&s;tants from</HI> Genoa, 311. <HI>Has an Interview with the Pope,</HI> 312. <HI>Refu&s;es to Confirm</HI> Parma <HI>and</HI> Piacenza <HI>to the Pope's Son,</HI> ibid. <HI>Delivers</HI> Leghorn <HI>and the Ca&s;tle of</HI> Florence <HI>to</HI> Co&s;mo Medicis, <HI>ibid. Makes his Son King of</HI> Spain, <HI>ibid. Makes a League with the K. of</HI> England, <HI>ibid. An&s;wers the Prote&s;tants Amba&s;&s;adors from</HI> Smalcald, <HI>ibid. Refu&s;es to make up the Bu&s;ine&s;s with the D. of</HI> Cleve, 313. <HI>He threatens the</HI> Hilde&s;heymers, <HI>ibid. Writes to the Senate of</HI> Cologne, <HI>ibid. Goes to</HI> Bonne, 314. <HI>Makes a pro&s;perous War up|on the Duke of</HI> Cleve, 315. <HI>Re&s;tores him up|on his Submi&s;&s;ion,</HI> ibid. <HI>Sends to the City of</HI> Metz <HI>to renounce the Reform'd Religion,</HI> 316. <HI>Goes into</HI> Guelderland, 317. <HI>Makes the</HI> French <HI>yield at</HI> Landrecy, <HI>ibid. An&s;wers the</HI> Saxons <HI>and Landgrave's Letter,</HI> ibid. <HI>Opens the Diet of</HI> Spire <HI>with a Speech,</HI> ibid. <HI>Waves the Controver&s;ie between the D. of</HI> Brun&s;wick <HI>and the Confederate Prote&s;tants,</HI> 319. <HI>His Expedition into</HI> France, 326. <HI>Makes a Pacification with the</HI> French <HI>King,</HI> 327. <HI>Makes Severe Edicts again&s;t the</HI> Luthe|rans <HI>in the</HI> Netherlands, 342. <HI>Comes to</HI> Wormes, 348. <HI>His Emba&s;&s;adors to the</HI> K. <HI>of</HI> Poland, <HI>ibid. Endeavours a Treaty of Peace with the Prote&s;tants,</HI> 349. <HI>Makes a Truce with the</HI> Turk, 351. <HI>Takes the Clergy of</HI> Cologne <HI>into his Protection,</HI> ibid. <HI>Cites the Archbi&s;hop of</HI> Cologne, <HI>ibid. Writes to the Doctors of the Conference at</HI> Ratisbon, 359. <HI>An&s;wers the Prote&s;tant Amba&s;&s;adors about the Elector of</HI> Cologne, 360. <HI>He goes to</HI> Spire, <HI>on his way to</HI> Ratisbon, 367. <HI>Treats with the Landgrave and the Elector</HI> Palatine <HI>there,</HI> 368. <HI>Comes to</HI> Ratisbon, 374. <HI>Opens the Diet,</HI> ibid. <HI>Sends the Cardinal of</HI> Trent <HI>to</HI> Rome <HI>to &s;ollicite for a&s;&s;i&s;tance,</HI> 375. <HI>Makes Preparation for War,</HI> ibid. <HI>An&s;wers the Prote&s;tant Deputies,</HI> 376. <HI>Writes to the Prote&s;tant Free Cities,</HI> ibid. <HI>Writes to the Duke of</HI> Wirtemberg, 377. <HI>He &s;ends an Emba&s;&s;ie to the</HI> Switzers, 380. <HI>Makes a League again&s;t the Reformed,</HI> 381. <HI>Ac|quaints the Elector</HI> Palatine <HI>with the Rea&s;ons why he made War upon the Prote&s;tants,</HI> 383. <HI>His Letter to the Archbi&s;hop of</HI> Cologne, 385. <HI>His Forces at</HI> Ratisbon, 389. <HI>He Outlaws the Elector of</HI> Saxony, <HI>and the Landgrave,</HI> ibid. <HI>Invites D.</HI> Maurice <HI>to take Po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ion of the Landgrave's and the</HI> Saxon<HI>'s Territories,</HI> 391. <HI>Refu&s;es to hear the Prote&s;tant Me&s;&s;en|gers,</HI> 394. <HI>And an&s;wers their Objections,</HI> ib. <HI>Is joined by the Pope's Troops,</HI> ibid. <HI>An ac|count of his Army,</HI> 395. <HI>He marches to</HI> Ra|tisbon, <HI>ibid. His great Courage,</HI> 398. <HI>He and the Pope pretend different cau&s;es of the
<PB REF="54" MS="y">War,</HI> Ibid. <HI>His Letter to the Prote&s;tant</HI> Switzers, Ibid. <HI>He takes</HI> Donawert <HI>by Surrender,</HI> 405. <HI>Is Ma&s;ter of the</HI> Danube, 406. <HI>Is oppre&s;&s;ed at</HI> Gienghen <HI>a Town on the</HI> Danube, <HI>and u&s;es Tricks to get off,</HI> 407. <HI>The Plague in his Camp,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Removes his Camp,</HI> 410. <HI>Recovers by Surrender &s;everal Towns in</HI> Frankenland, 412. <HI>Writes a &s;evere Letter to the Duke of</HI> Wirtemberg, Ibid. <HI>Commands his Subjects not to obey him,</HI> 413. <HI>Takes</HI> Ulm <HI>by Surrender,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Is reconciled to the Duke of</HI> Wirtemberg, 415. <HI>Several Prote&s;tant Cities yield to him,</HI> 416. <HI>Goes to</HI> Ulm, 417. <HI>He receives</HI> Lindaw <HI>and</HI> E&s;ling <HI>into favour,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Commands the Arch-Bi&s;hop of</HI> Cologne <HI>to &s;tand by the Popes Sentence,</HI> Ibid. <HI>He rai&s;es Forces a|gain&s;t the Elector of</HI> Saxony, 419. <HI>He re|ceives the</HI> Strasburghers <HI>Submi&s;&s;ion,</HI> 423. <HI>His Letters to the States of D.</HI> Maurice, Ibid. <HI>And to tho&s;e of</HI> Prague, Ibid. <HI>Ano|ther Letter of his to the States of</HI> Bohemia, 425. <HI>His Expedition again&s;t the Duke of</HI> Saxony, 426. <HI>His celerity in o|vertaking him,</HI> 427. <HI>Defeats him and takes him Pri&s;oner,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Condemns the Duke of</HI> Saxony <HI>to Death,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Propo&s;es condi|tions of Peace to him, and calls a Diet at</HI> Ulm, 428. <HI>Propo&s;es Conditions of Peace to the Landgrave,</HI> 430. <HI>An&s;wers the Landgrave at</HI> Hall, 432. <HI>Detains him Pri&s;oner trea|cherou&s;ly,</HI> 433. <HI>Intends to fall upon</HI> Magde|bourg, <HI>but is diverted by</HI> Vogelsberg's <HI>rai&s;|ing Troops in</HI> Germany, 434. <HI>Is reconcil|ed to &s;ome Towns in</HI> Saxony, 435. <HI>Pub|li&s;hes his Pacification with the Landgrave,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Squeezes Money from the</HI> Germans, 436. <HI>And pro&s;cribes</HI> Magdebourg, Ibid. <HI>Solicites the</HI> Switzers <HI>to make a League,</HI> 437. <HI>Makes a Truce with the</HI> Turk, Ibid. <HI>Moves the College of Princes to de&s;ire the Pope to remove the Council to</HI> Bononia, 439. <HI>An|&s;wers the Propo&s;als made by the Cities of the Empire at</HI> Augsbourg, 441. <HI>Sends an Em|ba&s;&s;y to the Pope about the Council,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Ex|cu&s;es the Landgrave's Confinement,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Re|fu&s;es to &s;et him at Liberty,</HI> 442. <HI>Confines him clo&s;ely,</HI> 443. <HI>He makes a Report to the States concerning a Council,</HI> 453. <HI>Rai&s;es Money of the States at the</HI> Diet, 460. <HI>Makes a Reformation in Eccle&s;ia&s;tical Matters,</HI> 463. <HI>Which is approved of by the Bi&s;hops,</HI> 464. <HI>His an&s;wer to the States about Disbanding of the Army,</HI> 466. <HI>He Writes to the Princes about receiving the</HI> Interim, 468. <HI>Pro|&s;cribes &s;everal who &s;erved under the Prote|&s;tants,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Changes the Government of</HI> Augsbourg, 469. <HI>Determines for the Count of</HI> Na&s;&s;aw <HI>again&s;t the Landgrave,</HI> 470. <HI>Sends</HI> Spaniards <HI>privately to</HI> Con&s;tance, Ibid. <HI>An&s;wers to the de&s;ires of the</HI> Strasburghers, 471. <HI>Outlaws the City of</HI> Con&s;tance, Ibid. <HI>And will hear no Plea's in their behalf,</HI> Ibid. <HI>He di&s;&s;olves the Government of</HI> Ulm. 472. <HI>Goes to</HI> Spire <HI>and &s;o into the</HI> Netherlands <HI>with the</HI> Saxon <HI>and the Landgrave,</HI> 473. <HI>He detains the Duke of</HI> Saxony, 474. <HI>Sends the Popes Indult to the</HI> German <HI>Bi&s;hops,</HI> 483. <HI>Writes to the States out of the</HI> Netherlands, <HI>and appoints a Diet,</HI> 493. <HI>He comes to</HI> Augsbourg <HI>with his Son,</HI> 496. <HI>His &s;evere Decree again&s;t the</HI> Lutherans <HI>in the</HI> Nether|lands, 497. <HI>Which is very injurious at</HI> Ant|werp <HI>upon account of Trade,</HI> 498. <HI>His Army be&s;ieged</HI> Tripoly, 500. <HI>He com|mands the Duke of</HI> Brun&s;wick <HI>to lay down Arms,</HI> Ibid. <HI>He complains of the</HI> Magde|bourghers <HI>and</HI> Bremers, 501. <HI>Moderates the Edict of Religion in the</HI> Netherlands, lb. <HI>He is very earne&s;t that the</HI> Magdebourghers <HI>&s;hould be Pro&s;ecuted,</HI> 503. <HI>And de&s;ires to know why the</HI> Interim <HI>is not ob&s;erved,</HI> Ibid. <HI>His Edict again&s;t the</HI> Magdebourghers, 504. <HI>Is very &s;evere upon the Landgrave after his fruitle&s;s endeavours to e&s;cape,</HI> 505. <HI>Quarrels with his Brother about a Succe&s;&s;or to the Empire,</HI> Ibid. <HI>His Edict again&s;t all that A&s;&s;i&s;t the</HI> Magdebourghers, 512. <HI>He pronounces &s;entence again&s;t the Landgrave for the Lord&s;hip of</HI> Dietz, 513. <HI>Publi&s;hes a Declaration again&s;t</HI> Octavio Farne&s;e, 515. <HI>Calls the States to the Council of</HI> Trent, Ibid. <HI>Accu&s;es the</HI> French <HI>King of A&s;&s;i&s;ting the</HI> Turk, 518. <HI>Publi&s;hes a Declaration a|gain&s;t him,</HI> 522. <HI>His an&s;wer to the Am|ba&s;&s;adors who intercede for the Landgrave,</HI> 534. <HI>He an&s;wers the complaints of the Spi|ritual Electors,</HI> 535. <HI>His Amba&s;&s;adors have long and frequent Conferences with the</HI> Sax|on, Wirtemberg <HI>and</HI> Strasburg, <HI>Agents at</HI> Trent, 538. <HI>Rai&s;es Soldiers to oppo&s;e the Confederate Princes,</HI> 557. <HI>His Men make an Incur&s;ion into</HI> Champaigne, 558. <HI>He flies from</HI> In&s;pruck <HI>to</HI> Villach, 560. <HI>Sets the Duke of</HI> Saxony <HI>at liberty,</HI> Ibid. <HI>His Letter to the Princes Mediators,</HI> 568. <HI>His an&s;wer to their Letter,</HI> 569. <HI>His an&s;wer to the</HI> French <HI>Amba&s;&s;adors Letter,</HI> 570. <HI>Changes the Government of</HI> Augsbourg, 573. <HI>He charges the</HI> Franconians <HI>to appo&s;e Marque&s;s</HI> Albert, 574. <HI>goes into</HI> Lorrain <HI>and to</HI> Strasbourg, Ibid. <HI>Lays &s;iege to</HI> Metz, 575. <HI>His Army in the</HI> Netherlands <HI>takes</HI> He&s;din, 576. <HI>He ri&s;es from the &s;iege of</HI> Metz, Ibid. <HI>He Writes to Marque&s;s</HI> Albert, 577. <HI>His an&s;wer to his own Am|ba&s;&s;adors about the Controver&s;y between</HI> Al|bert <HI>and the</HI> Franconian <HI>Bi&s;hops,</HI> 579. <HI>Be|fieges and takes</HI> Tero&uuml;anne, 580. <HI>Retakes</HI> He&s;din, 586. <HI>His advice to the Princes of</HI> Germany, Ibid. <HI>He Furni&s;hes</HI> Albert <HI>with Money underhand,</HI> 591. <HI>Carries the War into</HI> Picardy, Ibid. <HI>Ratifies the Pro&s;cripti|on of</HI> Albert, <HI>made by the Imperial Cham|ber,</HI> 598. <HI>His Letter to the States of</HI> Ger|many, 606. <HI>His an&s;wer to the</HI> German
<PB REF="54"><HI>Princes,</HI> 616. <HI>Makes the Duke of</HI> Alba <HI>his General in</HI> Milan, Ibid. <HI>His Fleet en|gages the</HI> French <HI>Fleet,</HI> 618. <HI>He re&s;igns the low Countries to his Son</HI> Philip, 620. <HI>Goes into</HI> Spain. 638.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Charles <HI>Prince of</HI> Spain <HI>Born,</HI> 350.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Chri&s;tian I. <HI>King of</HI> Denmark <HI>dies,</HI> 62.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Chri&s;tian II. <HI>King of</HI> Denmark <HI>overthrows</HI> Steno Stura. 62. <HI>Burns his dead Body,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Lo&s;es</HI> Sweden, Ibid. <HI>Is bani&s;hed from</HI> Denmark, Ibid. <HI>Appeals to the Diet at</HI> Nurenberg, Ibid. <HI>Is taken Pri&s;oner,</HI> 161. <HI>His Son dies,</HI> Ibid.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Chri&s;tian, <HI>Wife to the Landgrave, Sollicites for the Landgrave's Relea&s;e,</HI> 441. <HI>Dies for Grief,</HI> 485.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Chri&s;topher <HI>Succedes his Father</HI> Ulric <HI>in the Dutchy of</HI> Wirtemberg, 502. <HI>His Dut|chy is rid of the</HI> Spaniards, 528. <HI>He &s;ends Amba&s;&s;adors to the Council of</HI> Trent, Ibid. <HI>They are gulled in the Coun|cil by the Cerdinal of</HI> Trent, <HI>and the Empe|rors Amba&s;&s;adors,</HI> 530. <HI>They apply them|&s;elves to Count</HI> Monfort, 537. <HI>They join with the</HI> Saxon <HI>Amba&s;&s;adors, and the Depu|ties to Sollicite a hearing of the Prote&s;tant Di|vines in the Council of</HI> Trent, 537. &amp;c. <HI>They leave the Council,</HI> 541. <HI>New Amba&s;|&s;adors are &s;ent from the Duke of</HI> Wirtem|berg <HI>to</HI> Trent, 543. <HI>The</HI> Wirtemberg <HI>Divines go to</HI> Trent, Ibid. <HI>Who exhibit their Confe&s;&s;ion,</HI> Ibid. <HI>They Publi&s;h their Prote&s;tation there,</HI> 544. <HI>At the breaking up of the Council, the</HI> Wirtemberg <HI>Amba&s;|&s;adors give in their Opinion of it,</HI> 547.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Cheregatus (Franci&s;cus) <HI>Legate to</HI> P. Adri|an <HI>at</HI> Nuremberg, 57.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Cities <HI>of the Empire complain again&s;t the Diet at</HI> Norimberg, 65. <HI>and in the Diet of</HI> Spire <HI>again&s;t the Decree of</HI> Wormes, 103. <HI>They complain again&s;t Mendicant Friars,</HI> 104. <HI>Immunities of the Clergy,</HI> Ibid. <HI>And again&s;t Holy daies,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Cities for the Reformed Religion Prote&s;t again&s;t the Decree of</HI> Spire, 120. <HI>Are for acknowledging</HI> Ferdinand <HI>King of the</HI> Romans, 151. <HI>Some Cities quarrel at the Taxes laid at</HI> Coblentz <HI>to car|ry on the War at</HI> Mun&s;ter, 198. <HI>Catho|lick Cities Complain that they are Excluded from the Princes Councils at</HI> Ratisbon, 282. <HI>Some Cities refu&s;e at</HI> Spire <HI>to grant &s;ub&s;idies again&s;t the</HI> French, 326. <HI>They refu&s;e to &s;ubmit to the Council of</HI> Trent <HI>at</HI> Augsbourg, 440.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Clareback (Adolph) <HI>Burnt at</HI> Cologne <HI>for Religion,</HI> 121.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Clement <HI>the</HI> V. <HI>in&s;erts into the Canon-Law that Emperors are Subject to the Pope,</HI> 38.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Clement <HI>the</HI> VII. <HI>&s;uccedes to</HI> Adrian, 66. <HI>Sends Cardinal</HI> Campegio <HI>to the Diet at</HI> Nu|remberg, Ibid. <HI>Writes to D.</HI> Frederick <HI>of</HI> Saxony, Ibid. <HI>Sends a Golden Ro&s;e to</HI> Hen|ry <HI>the</HI> VIII. <HI>of</HI> England, 75. <HI>Writes to the Parliament of</HI> Paris, 97. <HI>Enters into a League with</HI> Charles <HI>the</HI> V. 105. <HI>Writes expo&s;tulatory Letters to him,</HI> 106. <HI>Writes to the King of</HI> Poland <HI>to be ready to &s;end De|puties to a General Council,</HI> 142. <HI>Sends a</HI> Legate <HI>to the Duke of</HI> Saxony, 162. <HI>His</HI> Legate's <HI>Speech to the Duke of</HI> Saxony, Ibid. <HI>Goes to</HI> Mar&s;eilles <HI>to meet</HI> Francis, 168. <HI>Marries his Neice,</HI> Catharine de Medicis, <HI>to his Son</HI> Henry, Ibid. <HI>Dies,</HI> 174.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Cleve: <HI>Duke of</HI> Cleve <HI>&s;ues to the Emperor for</HI> Guelderland, 266. <HI>His Treaty with the</HI> French <HI>King,</HI> 277. <HI>Marries the Queen of</HI> Navarre's <HI>Daughter,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Retakes</HI> Duren, 304. <HI>A Pacification Attempted between him and the Emperor,</HI> 307. <HI>Submits to the Emperor,</HI> 315. <HI>Renounces his League with</HI> France, <HI>and demands his Wife,</HI> 316. <HI>In|tercedes with the Arch-Bi&s;hop of</HI> Cologne <HI>to lay down his Bi&s;hoprick,</HI> 418.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Coblentz, <HI>a Town in the Bi&s;hoprick of</HI> Triers, <HI>upon the Confluence of the</HI> Rhine <HI>and the</HI> Mo|&s;elle, 13. <HI>Some Princes meet there to quiet the Stirs of</HI> Mun&s;ter, 197.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Cologne <HI>&V;niver&s;ity Condemns</HI> Luther's <HI>Wri|ting,</HI> 27. <HI>Condemn and burn</HI> Reuchlin<HI>'s Book,</HI> 30. <HI>The Elector of</HI> Cologne (Her|man) <HI>calls a Provincial Council,</HI> 209. <HI>En|deavours a Reformation,</HI> 310. <HI>Confers with</HI> Bucer, Ibid. <HI>Oppos'd by the Clergy,</HI> 311. <HI>Who Publi&s;h their</HI> Anti-Didagma, Ibid. <HI>And oppo&s;e</HI> Bucer, Ibid. <HI>The Bi&s;hop Mediates for the Duke of</HI> Cleve, 313. <HI>The Clergy plead again&s;t their Arch-Bi&s;hip,</HI> 340. <HI>They appeal to the Pope and Emperor,</HI> Ibid. <HI>The Arch-Bi&s;hop An&s;wers their appeal,</HI> Ibid. <HI>They Sub&s;cribe the Appeal,</HI> 341. <HI>The Arch-Bi&s;hop is cited by the Emperor and the Pope,</HI> 351. <HI>An&s;wers to his Citation to the Empe|ror,</HI> 352. <HI>Appeals to a Council,</HI> 411. <HI>The Arch-Bi&s;hop is depo&s;ed by the Pope,</HI> 417. <HI>He is Per&s;waded to re&s;ign his Bi&s;hoprick,</HI> 418. <HI>Vide</HI> Adolph <HI>Count</HI> Schauwenbourg. Her|man <HI>the Old Bi&s;hop dies,</HI> 573.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Conclave: <HI>The Ceremonies there practi&s;ed in the choo&s;ing of Popes,</HI> 489.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Confederate <HI>Princes again&s;t</HI> Charles <HI>the</HI> V. <HI>propo&s;e conditions to him,</HI> 109. <HI>Vide</HI> Maurice.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Con&s;ecrations <HI>of all Sorts, Bells, Churches, Altars,</HI> &amp;c. 481, 482.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Con&s;tance <HI>Council decreed a Pope &s;ubject to a Council,</HI> 9. <HI>That &s;afe Conducts &s;hould be Null to declared Hereticks,</HI> 47. <HI>That the Laity &s;hould Communicate in one Kind,</HI> Ibid. <HI>The Bi&s;hop of</HI> Con&s;tance (Hugh) <HI>oppo&s;es</HI> Zuinglius, 51. <HI>Sends a Book about Images to the Senate at</HI> Zurich, 72. <HI>They aboli&s;h Popery,</HI> 112. <HI>They &s;end Deputies with humble Submi&s;&s;ion to the Emperor,</HI> 469. <HI>Their Bi&s;hop dies of an Apoplexy,</HI> Ibid. <HI>They re|pul&s;e the</HI> Spaniards <HI>who would &s;eize the Town,</HI> 470. <HI>&V;pon their being pro&s;cribed, they de|&s;ire the</HI> Switzers <HI>to intercede for them,</HI> 471.
<PB REF="55"><HI>They &s;urrender intirely to the Hou&s;e of</HI> Au|&s;tria, 474. <HI>The Conditions upon which</HI> K. Ferdinand <HI>receives them,</HI> ibid.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Contarini <HI>(Card.) the Pope's Legate at</HI> Ratis|bon, <HI>his Opinion at the Diet,</HI> 279. <HI>His Ex|hortation to the Bi&s;hops,</HI> 280. <HI>His Speech is communicated to the States,</HI> ibid. <HI>He gives in other Papers to the Diet,</HI> 281. <HI>Prote&s;ts by Letter again&s;t a National Council,</HI> 282. <HI>Ac|cu&s;ed to the Pope, and dies,</HI> 299.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Co&s;imo <HI>&s;ucceeds</HI> Alexander de Medicis <HI>in the Dutchy of</HI> Florence, 210. <HI>Marries</HI> Eleanor <HI>Daughter to the Viceroy of</HI> Naples, <HI>ibid.</HI></ITEM>
<ITEM>Co&s;mus, <HI>vide</HI> Co&s;imo.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Coyre, <HI>Bi&s;hop of</HI> Coyre <HI>recalled by the</HI> Gri&s;ons <HI>from the Council of</HI> Trent, 529.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Cranmer (Tho. <HI>A. B. of</HI> Canterbury) <HI>calls</HI> Bucer <HI>and</HI> Fagius <HI>into</HI> England, 479. <HI>Vindi|cates him&s;elf from the a&s;per&s;ions of the Pa|pi&s;ts,</HI> 590. <HI>Is &s;ent to the</HI> Tower, <HI>ibid. Burnt at</HI> Oxford, <HI>ibid.</HI></ITEM>
<ITEM>Cre&s;centio <HI>(Cardinal) the Pope's Legate at the Council of</HI> Trent, 518. <HI>Dies at</HI> Verona, 548. <HI>Falls &s;ick with &s;eeing an Apparition of a Black Dog,</HI> ibid.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Cronberg (Walter) <HI>Grand Ma&s;ter of the</HI> Teu|tonick <HI>Order,</HI> 99. <HI>Sollicites</HI> Char. V. <HI>for aid again&s;t</HI> Albert <HI>the late Grand Ma&s;ter,</HI> 139. <HI>VVhich was granted,</HI> ibid. <HI>The Empe|ror in the Diet of</HI> Ratisbon <HI>ratifies</HI> Cron|berg<HI>'s Title,</HI> 161.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Cu&s;anus (Nicolaus <HI>Cardinal), vide</HI> Sigi&s;mund.</ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<HEAD>D</HEAD>
<ITEM>DEcius (Philip) <HI>writes for the Council of</HI> Pi&s;a, 27.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Denmark, <HI>vide</HI> Chri&s;tiern <HI>K. of</HI> Denmark <HI>&s;ent no aid to the Prote&s;tants,</HI> 415. <HI>His Am|ba&s;&s;ador intercedes for the Landgrave,</HI> 534.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Deux-Ponts, <HI>vide</HI> Wolfgang <HI>D. of</HI> Deux-Ponts.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Diazi (John) <HI>goes to the Conference at</HI> Ratis|bon, 365. <HI>Is earne&s;tly per&s;waded by</HI> Mal|venda <HI>to turn Papi&s;t,</HI> 366. <HI>And by his Bro|ther</HI> Alfon&s;o Diazi, <HI>ibid. Goes to</HI> Newbourg, ibid. <HI>Is A&s;&s;a&s;&s;inated there,</HI> 367. <HI>The Ruf|fians fled to</HI> In&s;pruck, <HI>ibid.</HI></ITEM>
<ITEM>Ditlebius (Valentine) <HI>his Letter to</HI> Frederick, 33.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Doria (Andrew) <HI>a</HI> Genoe&s;e, Char. V's <HI>Ad|miral, re&s;tores Liberty to his Country,</HI> 416. <HI>His Kin&s;man</HI> Joannin Doria <HI>is killed in an In&s;urrection,</HI> ibid.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Dragut <HI>a Pirate forced from</HI> Tripoly <HI>by</HI> Char. V. <HI>flies to</HI> Con&s;tantinople, 500.</ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<HEAD>E</HEAD>
<ITEM>EBleben (Chri&s;topher) <HI>Negotiates a Peace for the Landgrave,</HI> 430. <HI>Dies for Grief that the Conditions were &s;o treacherou&s;ly kept,</HI> 434.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Eckius (John) <HI>Writes again&s;t</HI> Luther, 3. <HI>Di&s;putes with him at</HI> Leipzick, 21. <HI>Main|tains the Pope's Supremacy again&s;t him,</HI> 22. <HI>Exa&s;perates the Quarrel,</HI> 24.34. <HI>Di&s;putes at</HI> Baden <HI>with</HI> Oecolampadius, 105. <HI>Di&s;|putes with</HI> Leonard Cae&s;ar, 110. <HI>An&s;wers the</HI> Augu&s;tan <HI>Confe&s;&s;ion,</HI> 130. <HI>An&s;wers the Confe&s;&s;ion of the Confederate Cities,</HI> 139. <HI>Is rewarded for his zeal in oppugning Here|&s;ie,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Is di&s;plea&s;ed with the Book which was pre&s;ented to the</HI> Diet <HI>at</HI> Ratisbon, 278. <HI>Writes to the Prinoes again&s;t the Collocutors,</HI> 282.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Eckius, <HI>a Lawyer draws up</HI> Luther's <HI>charge, at</HI> Wormes, 42. <HI>Que&s;tions him if he will de|fend his Books,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Replies to</HI> Luther<HI>'s Plea,</HI> 44. <HI>Commands him to leave</HI> Wormes, 46.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Edward VI. <HI>of</HI> England <HI>born,</HI> 232. <HI>Succeeds his Father,</HI> 418. <HI>Beats the</HI> Scots <HI>by the D. of</HI> Somer&s;et, 440. <HI>E&s;tabli&s;hes the Reforma|tion in</HI> England, 443. <HI>Publi&s;hes a Declara|tion about the War in</HI> Scotland, 454. <HI>The</HI> Ma&s;s <HI>is aboli&s;hed in</HI> England, 463. <HI>The Ad|miral, the D. of</HI> Somer&s;et<HI>'s Brother, is Behea|ded for Trea&s;on,</HI> 479. <HI>Troubles in his Reign,</HI> 485. <HI>Concludes a Treaty of Peace with</HI> France, 492. <HI>And a Peace concluded,</HI> 495. Bologne <HI>Re&s;tored to the</HI> French, <HI>ibid. He dies,</HI> 585.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Egmont (Charles <HI>Count</HI>) <HI>dies,</HI> 240.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Eldo (Mathias) <HI>Vice-Chancellor to</HI> Char. V. <HI>&s;ent Amba&s;&s;ador to the</HI> German <HI>Princes,</HI> 212. <HI>His Speech to them at</HI> Smalcald, 213. <HI>His Reply</HI> ex Tempore <HI>to their An&s;wer,</HI> 218. <HI>He &s;ollicites a Holy League among&s;t the Popi&s;h Princes,</HI> 245. <HI>Lo&s;es his Intere&s;t in the Em|peror's Court,</HI> 255.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Elector, <HI>vide</HI> Albert, 14. <HI>The Elector's An|&s;wer to the Emperor at</HI> Ratisbon, 281. <HI>The Electors of the</HI> Rhine <HI>meet about the Elector of</HI> Cologne, 356. <HI>The Electors &s;eparate their Councils at the Diet of</HI> Ratisbon, 375. <HI>Eccle&s;ia&s;tical Electors &s;evere for the</HI> Interim, 477. <HI>And hold Synods wherein the Trinkets of Popery are re&s;tored,</HI> 481. <HI>They complain of the Soldiers who came from</HI> Magdebourg, 535.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Emperor, <HI>how cho&s;en,</HI> 19. <HI>Now &s;ubject to the Pope in his Election,</HI> 38.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Empire, <HI>vide</HI> Princes.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Engli&s;h <HI>refu&s;e to pay Fir&s;t-fruits for Benefices of &s;mall value,</HI> 63. Engli&s;h <HI>Bibles Printed at</HI> Paris, 241.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Enthu&s;ia&s;ts <HI>begin to Preach in</HI> Germany, 52.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Erard <HI>Bi&s;hop of</HI> Liege <HI>dies,</HI> 240.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Era&s;mus <HI>writes to</HI> Frederick <HI>in</HI> Luther<HI>'s behalf,</HI> 21. <HI>And to</HI> Luther <HI>Encouraging him to go on, but calmly,</HI> ibid. <HI>And to</HI> Rome <HI>in favour of</HI> Reuchlin, 31. <HI>Writes about Free-will,</HI> 75. <HI>VVrites again&s;t the Reformers under the Title of Go&s;pel-teachers,</HI> 122. <HI>VVrites to</HI> Campe|gio <HI>to promote &V;nity in</HI> Germany, 133. <HI>His
<PB REF="55">Je&s;t upon</HI> Eckius <HI>and</HI> Faber, 139. <HI>Quar|rels with</HI> Luther <HI>again about Free-will,</HI> 170. <HI>Dies,</HI> 209. <HI>His Colloquies forbidden by the Delegate Cardinals,</HI> 236.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Erixon (Gu&s;tavus) <HI>wre&s;ts</HI> Sweden <HI>from</HI> Chri|&s;tiern <HI>King of</HI> Denmark, 62. <HI>Marries</HI> Steno Stura<HI>'s Daughter,</HI> ibid.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Erne&s;t <HI>D. of</HI> Brun&s;wick <HI>taken Pri&s;oner by the Emperor,</HI> 427. <HI>Is &s;et at liberty,</HI> 428.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Exorci&s;ms <HI>with the Cermeonies,</HI> 481.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Ey&s;enach, <HI>a Town in</HI> Thuringia, <HI>a Conventi|on of the Prote&s;tants there,</HI> 244.</ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<HEAD>F.</HEAD>
<ITEM>FAber (John) <HI>Deputy to the Bi&s;hop of</HI> Con|&s;tance <HI>at</HI> Zurick, 57.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Faber (Jacobus) Stapulen&s;is <HI>per&s;ecuted by the</HI> Sorboni&s;ts, 98. <HI>The King of</HI> France <HI>writes on his behalf out of</HI> Spain, <HI>ibid.</HI></ITEM>
<ITEM>Farel (William) <HI>Preaches at</HI> Metz, 290.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Farne&s;e <HI>(Cardinal) his Speech to the Emperor a|gain&s;t the Prote&s;tants,</HI> 264. <HI>Retires from the Emperors Court,</HI> 266. <HI>Goes to the Diet of</HI> Wormes <HI>with the Emperor,</HI> 348. <HI>Goes from thence to</HI> Rome, 349.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Farne&s;e (Octavio) <HI>General of the Pope's Troops which help'd the Emperor again&s;t the Prote|&s;tants,</HI> 394. <HI>Has</HI> Parma <HI>&s;ecur'd to him by P.</HI> Julius <HI>the</HI> III, 492. <HI>Puts a</HI> French <HI>Gar|ri&s;on into</HI> Parma, 513. <HI>Is Cited to</HI> Rome, ibid. <HI>Pur&s;ues the Bu&s;ine&s;s of</HI> Parma, 514. <HI>Being &s;upported by the</HI> French <HI>King it occa&s;i|ons a VVar,</HI> ibid.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Ferdinand <HI>Arch-Duke of</HI> Au&s;tria <HI>Marries,</HI> 50. <HI>Executes the</HI> Ban <HI>&s;everely again&s;t the</HI> Luthe|rans, 54. <HI>Claims the Kingdom of</HI> Hungary, <HI>after K.</HI> Lewis<HI>'s death,</HI> 105. <HI>Is made</HI> K. <HI>of</HI> Bohemia, 110. <HI>His Claim to</HI> Hungary <HI>what,</HI> 114. <HI>Made</HI> K. <HI>of the</HI> Romans, 144. <HI>The Terms upon which the Prote&s;tant Princes pro|mi&s;e to acknowledge him,</HI> 157. <HI>Makes a Trea|ty of Peace with the D. of</HI> Saxony, 173. <HI>Al|lows</HI> Ulric <HI>to be D. of</HI> Wirtemberg, <HI>ibid. Inhibits the Pro&s;ecutions of the Imperial Chamber,</HI> 184. <HI>Su&s;pends them till the Meet|ing of the next Diet,</HI> 185. <HI>Sends an Emba&s;|&s;ie to the</HI> Switzers <HI>not to aid the</HI> French <HI>a|gain&s;t the Emperor,</HI> 207. <HI>Is routed by the</HI> Turks, 231. <HI>Goes to the Diet at</HI> Hague|naw, 267. <HI>His Propo&s;als to the Prote&s;tants there,</HI> 268. <HI>His An&s;wer there about the Proceedings of the Imperial Chamber,</HI> 269. <HI>Prepares to invade</HI> Hungary, 270. <HI>Sends</HI> Alaski <HI>his Amba&s;&s;ador to</HI> Solyman, <HI>ibid. Is overthrown at</HI> Buda, 284. <HI>His An&s;wer to the</HI> Au&s;trian <HI>Nobility,</HI> 287. <HI>His Speech to the Diet at</HI> Spire, 288. <HI>Opens the Diet at</HI> Nurenberg, 298. <HI>Makes an un&s;ucce&s;sful War in</HI> Hungary, 304. <HI>Opens the Diet at</HI> Nurenberg, 305. <HI>His An&s;wer to the Prote|&s;tants Petition,</HI> 307. <HI>Is acknowledged King of the</HI> Romans <HI>by the D. of</HI> Saxony, 325. <HI>His Daughter is Betrothed to the D. of</HI> Sax|ony<HI>'s Son,</HI> ibid. <HI>Opens the Diet at</HI> Wormes, 343. <HI>An&s;wers the Deputies of the Prote|&s;tants,</HI> 345. <HI>Goes to the Diet at</HI> Ratisbon, 374. <HI>Denounces War again&s;t the</HI> Saxons, 409. <HI>His An&s;wer to the</HI> Bohemians, 417. <HI>His Demands to the</HI> Bohemians, 420. <HI>His Letters to the</HI> Bohemians, 423. <HI>He An|&s;wers their Letters,</HI> 424. <HI>He writes to them again,</HI> 425. <HI>His Commi&s;&s;ioners to the Con|vention of States in</HI> Bohemia, 426. <HI>His Ar|my,</HI> ibid. <HI>Writes again to the</HI> Bohemians, 428. <HI>Writes to them again from</HI> Leutmeritz, 431. <HI>Goes to</HI> Prague <HI>and forces the</HI> Bohe|mians <HI>to &s;ubmit,</HI> 434. <HI>Obtains va&s;t Sums of Money from the Free Towns,</HI> 436. <HI>Rai&s;es Money of the States at the Diet,</HI> 460. <HI>Re|ceives</HI> Con&s;tance, <HI>and impo&s;es &s;trict Conditi|ons upon them,</HI> 474. <HI>Complains at the Diet of</HI> Augsbourg <HI>of the Irruptions of the</HI> Turks, 511. <HI>Aid is granted him by the Princes at</HI> Norimberg, 512. <HI>Treats with D.</HI> Maurice <HI>about Peace at</HI> Lintz, 556. <HI>Goes to</HI> Pa&s;&s;aw <HI>to Mediate a Peace,</HI> 563. <HI>Pre&s;&s;es D.</HI> Mau|rice <HI>to &s;tay a while for the Emperor's An&s;wer,</HI> 568. <HI>Goes again to the Emperor to</HI> Villach, ibid. <HI>Brings the Emperor's An&s;wer back to</HI> Pa&s;&s;aw, 569. <HI>He there an&s;wers the</HI> French <HI>Amba&s;&s;ador in the Emperor's Name,</HI> 570. <HI>Opens the Diet of</HI> Augsbourg, 598. <HI>Publi&s;hes an Edict about Religion,</HI> 602. <HI>Which is an|&s;wered by the States of his Country,</HI> ibid. <HI>He comes to</HI> Augsbourg, 607. <HI>Opens the Diet with a Speech,</HI> ibid. <HI>What effect it had upon the Diet,</HI> 610. <HI>Bani&s;hes two hundred Prote&s;tant Mini&s;ters out of</HI> Bohemia, <HI>ibid. Invites the Princes to the</HI> Augsbourg <HI>Diet,</HI> 612. <HI>Mediates between Papi&s;ts and Prote|&s;tants at</HI> Augsbourg, 624. <HI>An&s;wers tho&s;e Papers that were di&s;per&s;ed in the Diet,</HI> 625. <HI>His An&s;wer to the Prote&s;tants Reply,</HI> 626. <HI>Sollicites the Princes of</HI> Germany <HI>again&s;t the</HI> Turk, 628. <HI>An&s;wers the Addre&s;s of the</HI> Au&s;trian <HI>Nobility,</HI> 630. <HI>Replies to the</HI> Au|&s;trians <HI>An&s;wer,</HI> 631. <HI>Is Sollicited by the</HI> Ba|varians <HI>for Liberty of Con&s;cience,</HI> 633. <HI>He goes into</HI> Bohemia, <HI>ibid.</HI></ITEM>
<ITEM>Fevre d'E&s;taples, <HI>vide</HI> Faber Stapulen&s;is.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Fi&s;her <HI>Bi&s;hop of</HI> Roche&s;ter, <HI>Beheaded for not acknowledging King</HI> Henry <HI>Supream Head of the Church,</HI> 180. <HI>Made Cardinal in Pri&s;on,</HI> ib.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Fli&s;ted (Peter) <HI>burnt at</HI> Cologne <HI>for his Reli|gion,</HI> 121.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Florentines <HI>aid the</HI> French <HI>again&s;t</HI> Charles, 131. <HI>Send Amba&s;&s;adors to him with Submi&s;&s;i|ons,</HI> 132. <HI>They yield to him after a years Siege,</HI> ibid.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Fox (Edw.) <HI>Bi&s;hop of</HI> Hereford, <HI>his Speech to the Prote&s;tants at</HI> Smalcald, 188. <HI>De&s;ires a Private Conference,</HI> 189. <HI>Which is allowed,</HI> ib.</ITEM>
<ITEM>France, <HI>a Per&s;ecution of the</HI> Lutherans <HI>there,</HI> 175.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Francis <HI>King of</HI> France, <HI>Competitor for the Empire,</HI> 13. <HI>Is troubled that</HI> Charles V. <HI>is preferr'd,</HI> 19. <HI>Makes a League with the</HI> Swit|zers, 48. <HI>Takes</HI> Milan, 76. <HI>Be&s;ieges</HI> Par|ma,
<PB REF="56"><HI>ibid. Is taken Pri&s;oner there,</HI> 79 <HI>Writes into</HI> France <HI>in Favour of</HI> Faber Sta|pulen&s;is, 98 <HI>Falls &s;ick in Pri&s;on,</HI> 102. <HI>Treats a Peace with</HI> Char. V. <HI>ibid. Leaves two Sons Ho&s;tages in</HI> Spain, 103. <HI>But makes a League with the Pope and</HI> Venetians <HI>again&s;t the Em|peror,</HI> 105. <HI>VVrites to the Princes of the Em|pire,</HI> 108. <HI>Publi&s;hes an Apology for engaging in VVar with</HI> Char. V. <HI>ibid. Sends Letters of Defiance to</HI> Char. V. 112. <HI>Makes a League with</HI> Henry VIII. <HI>ibid. Challenges</HI> Char. V. <HI>to a Duel,</HI> 112. <HI>Concludes a Peace with him at</HI> Cambray, 121. <HI>The Articles of it,</HI> ibid. <HI>His Letter to the Prote&s;tant Princes,</HI> 149. <HI>Marries</HI> Catharine de Medicis <HI>to his Elde&s;t Son</HI> Henry, 168. <HI>He goes in Proce&s;&s;ion to St.</HI> Genevieve, 178. <HI>He writes to the</HI> German <HI>Princes to take off Mi&s;under&s;tandings,</HI> 179. <HI>Sends</HI> Bellay <HI>to</HI> Smalcald <HI>to the Prote&s;tants,</HI> 182. <HI>His Opinion about the Points of Contro|ver&s;ie in</HI> Germany, 186. <HI>He offers to enter into a League with the Prote&s;tants,</HI> 187. <HI>Makes VVar upon</HI> Savoy, 203. <HI>Defeats</HI> Charles<HI>'s Armies in</HI> Provence <HI>and</HI> Picardy, 208. <HI>VVrites to the Princes of</HI> Germany, <HI>inveighing again&s;t the Emperor,</HI> ibid. <HI>Mar|ries his Elde&s;t Daughter</HI> Magdalen <HI>to</HI> James V. <HI>of</HI> Scotland, 209. <HI>Complains of the Em|peror in the Parliament of</HI> Paris. 210. <HI>His Au&s;wer to the Prote&s;tants Letter,</HI> 230. <HI>Chides the D. of</HI> Wirtemberg <HI>by his Amba&s;|&s;ador at</HI> Francfort, 249. <HI>Gives private A&s;|&s;i&s;tance to the D. of</HI> Cleve, <HI>to whom he pro|po&s;es a Marriage with his Niece,</HI> 266. <HI>He is di&s;plea&s;ed with the Emperor,</HI> ibid. <HI>Sends an Amba&s;&s;ador to</HI> Haguenaw, 267. <HI>Per&s;e|cutes the</HI> Lutherans, <HI>ibid. Commands Sup|plications for Peace to be made throughout his Kingdom,</HI> 269. <HI>Sends Amba&s;&s;adors to the Diet at</HI> Spire, 289. <HI>Their Harangue there,</HI> ibid. <HI>Prepares for a War again&s;t the Empe|ror,</HI> 292. <HI>Purges him&s;elf of</HI> Pe&s;cara<HI>'s Ac|cu&s;ations,</HI> 296. <HI>Appoints Prayers for &s;ucce&s;s to his Army,</HI> ibid. <HI>Declares War,</HI> ibid. <HI>Sends</HI> Longueville <HI>and</HI> Van Ro&s;&s;em <HI>into</HI> Flanders, <HI>ibid. Attaques</HI> Charles <HI>in five places,</HI> ibid. <HI>With not much Succe&s;s,</HI> ibid. <HI>He demands aid of the</HI> Turk, <HI>ibid. His Speech to the</HI> Rochellers, 305. <HI>His An&s;wer to the Emperor's Letter to the Pope,</HI> 307. <HI>Takes</HI> Luxembourg, 316. <HI>His men retire from</HI> Landrecy, 317. <HI>He &s;ends an Emba&s;&s;ie to</HI> Spire, 319. <HI>His Herald is ill receiv'd at</HI> Spire, <HI>ibid. He beats the Emperor at</HI> Carig|nan, 323. <HI>The Speech of his Amba&s;&s;adors, who &s;hould have gone to</HI> Spire, 324. <HI>Con|cludes a Peace with the Emperor at</HI> Soi&s;&s;ons, 327. <HI>His An&s;wer to the</HI> Switzers <HI>about the</HI> Walden&s;es, 347. <HI>He makes a Peace with King</HI> Henry VIII. 382. <HI>He refu&s;es to a&s;&s;i&s;t the Prote&s;tants,</HI> 403. <HI>He &s;uffered the Prote|&s;tants to be Per&s;ecuted, and</HI> 14 <HI>Burnt,</HI> 411. <HI>He dies,</HI> 424. <HI>Was a great Patron of Lear|ning, and Learned him&s;elf,</HI> ibid. <HI>Gave</HI> 100000 <HI>Crowns apiece to the Landgrave, and the</HI> Saxon, <HI>ere he died,</HI> 425. <HI>Is Buried,</HI> 429.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Francis <HI>the Dauphin dies &s;u&s;pected of Poi&s;on,</HI> 208.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Francfort <HI>upon the</HI> Oder, <HI>a City in the Electo|rate of</HI> Brandenbourg, 2.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Francfort <HI>upon the</HI> Mayn, <HI>a City in</HI> Franconia, 13. <HI>A Diet held there,</HI> 247. <HI>Where things are accommodated with the Prote&s;tants,</HI> 248. <HI>Reconciled to the Emperor and Fined,</HI> 414. <HI>A Diet held there,</HI> 604. <HI>Their An&s;wer to the</HI> French <HI>King's Letter,</HI> 605.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Franci&s;can <HI>Friars at</HI> Orleans, <HI>their Impo&s;ture about the Provo&s;t's Wife,</HI> 170. <HI>A</HI> Franci&s;|can <HI>Freaches a Bloody Sermon before the Em|peror at</HI> Wormes, 349.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Franco (Jerome) <HI>the Popes Legate Sollicites the</HI> Switzers <HI>again&s;t the Prote&s;tants,</HI> 390.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Franconian <HI>Bi&s;hops commended by the Emperor to &s;ubmit to Marq.</HI> Albert, 575. <HI>They ap|peal to the Imperial Chamber,</HI> 577. <HI>Cannot conclude with him at</HI> Heidelberg, 578. <HI>Are invaded by him,</HI> ibid.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Frederick <HI>K. of</HI> Denmark <HI>publi&s;hes a Declara|tion again&s;t</HI> Chri&s;tian II. 62. <HI>Is called to the</HI> Dani&s;h <HI>Crown from the Dutchy of</HI> Hol&s;tein, ibid.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Frederick (<HI>Prince</HI> Palatine) <HI>goes Amba&s;&s;ador to</HI> Char. V. <HI>upon his Election,</HI> 18. <HI>De&s;ires the Emperor to go into</HI> Germany, <HI>ibid. Repre|&s;ents him at the Diet at</HI> Nuremberg, 63. <HI>Writes to the Senate at</HI> Strasbourg <HI>to de&s;i&s;t from Innovations,</HI> 76. <HI>Re&s;trains the Soldiers from Cruelty to the Boors at</HI> Wormes, 81. <HI>Succeeds his Brother</HI> Lewis <HI>in the Electorate,</HI> 321. <HI>E&s;tabli&s;hes the Prote&s;tant Religion in the Electorate,</HI> 356. <HI>Goes to</HI> Spire <HI>with the Land|grave to meet the Emperor,</HI> 368. <HI>Treats with</HI> Granvell, 372. <HI>Demands to know the Rea|&s;ons of the War again&s;t the Prote&s;tants,</HI> 383. <HI>Endeavours a Reconciliation among&s;t all &s;ides,</HI> 384. <HI>Reconciled to the Emperor,</HI> 413. <HI>Re|ceives the</HI> Interim, 461. <HI>Helps the Confede|rate Princes again&s;t his will,</HI> 569.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Frederick <HI>D. of</HI> Saxony <HI>Connives at</HI> Luther, 2. <HI>Intercedes with</HI> Cajetan <HI>for him at</HI> Augsbourg, 7. <HI>An&s;wers</HI> Cajetan<HI>'s Letter,</HI> 11. <HI>Sends</HI> Ca|jetan<HI>'s Letter to</HI> Luther, <HI>ibid. Reads none of</HI> Luther<HI>'s Books, nor hears his Sermons for &s;ome time,</HI> 12. <HI>Gives his Vote for</HI> Charles <HI>K. of</HI> Spain <HI>to be Emperor,</HI> 18. <HI>Refu&s;ed it when offer'd,</HI> ibid. <HI>Would take no Money of the K. of</HI> Spain<HI>'s Mini&s;ters,</HI> ibid. <HI>Falls &s;ick,</HI> 25. <HI>His Suit at the Court of</HI> Rome, 33. <HI>His An&s;wer to</HI> Ditlebius, <HI>ibid. His An&s;wer to</HI> Aleander <HI>and</HI> Caracciolus, 39. <HI>Conveys</HI> Luther <HI>away privately,</HI> 49. <HI>Writes to the &V;|niver&s;ity of</HI> Wittemberg <HI>to act calmly in ta|king away the Ma&s;s,</HI> 50. <HI>Dies</HI> 84.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Frederick <HI>of</HI> Brandenbourg, <HI>made Arch-Bi|&s;hop of</HI> Magdebourg, 526.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Frederick (<HI>Son to</HI> John Frederick) <HI>of</HI> Saxony, <HI>Marries Duke</HI> Maurice's <HI>Widow, the Land|grave's
<PB REF="56">Daughter,</HI> 616. <HI>His Wife dies,</HI> 628.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Frego&s;o <HI>and</HI> Rink <HI>Amba&s;&s;adors from</HI> Francis <HI>to</HI> Solyman <HI>killed upon the Way,</HI> 284.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Fri&s;ius (John) <HI>An&s;wers Popi&s;h Que&s;tions at</HI> Wurtzburg, 603.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Friars, <HI>Great Men de&s;ire to be buried in Friars habits,</HI> 251.</ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<HEAD>G</HEAD>
<ITEM>GEneva, <HI>Popery aboli&s;hed there,</HI> 112. <HI>Di|&s;turbances there upon</HI> Calvin<HI>'s Expul&s;ion,</HI> 616.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Genovefe <HI>or</HI> Genevieve <HI>the Patrone&s;s Saint of</HI> Paris, 178. <HI>Six</HI> Lutherans <HI>burnt on a Proce&s;&s;ion day to her,</HI> ibid.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Genoa, <HI>vide</HI> Doria.</ITEM>
<ITEM>George <HI>Duke of</HI> Saxony <HI>writes to</HI> Henry <HI>the</HI> VIII. <HI>again&s;t</HI> Luther, 65. <HI>His di&s;cour&s;e with</HI> Muncer, 86. <HI>Returns a Spiteful an|&s;wer to</HI> Luther<HI>'s Letter,</HI> 101. <HI>Di&s;owns any Confederacy again&s;t the Reformed Religi|on,</HI> 114. <HI>His Tricks again&s;t the</HI> Luthe|rans, 167. <HI>He complains of</HI> Luther <HI>to the Elector of</HI> Saxony, 168. <HI>Quarrels with</HI> John Frederick <HI>Elector of</HI> Saxony, 206. <HI>Dies and leaves his Dutchy to his Brother</HI> Henry, 249.</ITEM>
<ITEM>George <HI>Duke of</HI> Mecklenbourg <HI>makes War again&s;t the</HI> Magdebourgers, 500. <HI>De|feats them,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Is taken Pri&s;oner by them,</HI> 505. <HI>Is killed with a great Shot af|ter he had joined Duke</HI> Maurice, 569.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Germany, <HI>a Plague in</HI> Germany, 285. Ger|man <HI>Bi&s;hops write to the Pope about the Coun|cil of</HI> Trent, 439.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Ger&s;on, <HI>what he was,</HI> 10.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Ghendt, <HI>a City in</HI> Flanders <HI>an In&s;urrection there,</HI> 251. <HI>They are Puni&s;hed for it,</HI> 262.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Gonzaga (Frederick) <HI>made fir&s;t Duke of</HI> Mantua <HI>by</HI> Charles <HI>the</HI> V. 127.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Gonzaga (Ferdinand) <HI>&s;iezes upon</HI> Piacenza <HI>upon</HI> Petro Aloi&s;io<HI>'s death,</HI> 439. <HI>Reduces it to the Emperors Obedience,</HI> Ibid.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Granvel <HI>outs</HI> Eldo <HI>from his Intere&s;t in</HI> Charles<HI>'s Court,</HI> 255. <HI>He &s;ends Amba&s;|&s;adors to the Prote&s;tant convention at</HI> Smal|cald, 255. <HI>Goes to</HI> Wormes, 270. <HI>His Speech at the Diet,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Pre&s;ents a Book to the Diet at</HI> Ratisbon, <HI>of the heads of the Conference,</HI> 276. <HI>His Speech at</HI> Norim|berg <HI>in the Emperors Name,</HI> 306. <HI>An&s;wers the Landgrave's Letter about the War inten|ded again&s;t the Prote&s;tants,</HI> 357. <HI>Treats with the Landgrave and the Elector</HI> Pala|tine <HI>at</HI> Spire, 370, 372. <HI>Treats with the Deputies of the Prote&s;tant Cities at</HI> Ratisbon, 377. <HI>He urges the</HI> Strasburghers <HI>to re|ceive the</HI> Interim, 464. <HI>and in&s;i&s;ts upon it,</HI> 465. <HI>Dies,</HI> 499.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Granvel (Anth. Perenot) <HI>Bi&s;hop of</HI> Arras <HI>&s;uccedes his Father in the Mini&s;try,</HI> 499.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Grey (Jane) <HI>Married to</HI> Guilford Dud|ley, 580. <HI>And proclaimed Queen of</HI> Eng|land <HI>pur&s;uant to King</HI> Edward<HI>'s will,</HI> 588.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Grignian (Francis Amb.) <HI>his Speech at</HI> Wormes, 350.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Gritti (Lewis) <HI>Councellor to</HI> Solyman, 175. <HI>His Son</HI> Andrew <HI>made Bi&s;hop of</HI> Five-Churches, Ibid. <HI>He is beheaded,</HI> Ibid.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Gropper (John) <HI>and</HI> Phlugius <HI>vindicate them&s;elves from</HI> Eckius<HI>'s A&s;per&s;ion,</HI> 282. <HI>Invites</HI> Bucer <HI>to</HI> Cologne, 288. <HI>Falls off from the Bi&s;hop and Writes the</HI> Anti-Di|dagma <HI>as it was thought,</HI> 311. <HI>Is very in|&s;olent in the Council of</HI> Trent, 535.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Guelderlanders <HI>rebel,</HI> 232.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Cu&s;tavns <HI>King of</HI> Sweden <HI>alters Religion,</HI> 391.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Guteling<HI>'s</HI> (Baltha&s;ar) <HI>Speech to his Soldiers,</HI> 381.</ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<HEAD>H</HEAD>
<ITEM>HAguenaw, <HI>a Diet there,</HI> 267. <HI>The Acts of the A&s;&s;embly there,</HI> Ibid. <HI>The decree at</HI> Haguenaw, 266.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Heideck, <HI>takes &s;everal Towns for the Prote|&s;tants,</HI> 388. <HI>Routed by Duke</HI> Maurice, 504. <HI>Taken into the &s;ervice of Duke</HI> Mau|rice. <HI>A&s;&s;i&s;ts the</HI> Magdeburghers, 514.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Henry <HI>the</HI> VII. <HI>Emperor refu&s;es to pay Allegi|ance to the Pope,</HI> 38.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Henry <HI>the</HI> VIII. <HI>Writes again&s;t</HI> Luther, 50. <HI>Is called defender of the Faith,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Is Pen&s;ioner to</HI> Charles <HI>the</HI> V. 51. <HI>His Daugh|ter</HI> Mary <HI>is Betrothed to</HI> Charles, Ibid. <HI>Writes to the Princes of the Hou&s;e of</HI> Saxony <HI>again&s;t</HI> Luther, 65. <HI>Receives a Golden Ro&s;e from the Pope,</HI> 75. <HI>Writes a Scornful an&s;wer to</HI> Luther's <HI>Letter,</HI> 101. <HI>Makes a League with</HI> France, <HI>in the ab&s;ence of King</HI> Francis, 102. <HI>Makes a League with</HI> Fran|cis <HI>again&s;t</HI> Charles, 112. <HI>His an&s;wer to the Prote&s;tant Princes of</HI> Germany, 150. <HI>Is di&s;&s;atisfied about his Marriage with</HI> Catha|rine, 169. <HI>Sues to be Divorced,</HI> Ibid. <HI>They are Dilatory at</HI> Rome, Ibid. <HI>He Mar|ries</HI> Anne Boleyn, 170. <HI>Is declared in Par|liament head of the Church,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Revokes</HI> Peter Pence, Ibid. <HI>Sends</HI> Fox <HI>Bi&s;hop of</HI> Hereford <HI>Amba&s;&s;ador to the Prote&s;tants at</HI> Smalcald, 188. <HI>His Amba&s;&s;adors winter at</HI> Wittemberg, 205. <HI>His Letter to the Prote&s;tants,</HI> Ibid. <HI>He beheads</HI> Anne Bo|leyn, 206. <HI>Quells a ri&s;ing in</HI> England, 209. <HI>His Rea&s;ons again&s;t the Council of</HI> Mantua, 231. <HI>His Rea&s;ons again&s;t the Council at</HI> Vicenza, 250. <HI>He enacts in Parliament &s;everal things about Religion,</HI> 251. <HI>Marries</HI> Anne <HI>of</HI> Cleve, Ibid. <HI>His An|&s;wer to the Elector of</HI> Saxony's <HI>Amba&s;&s;ador,</HI> 255. <HI>Beheads</HI> Cromwel <HI>Earl of</HI> E&s;&s;ex, 267. <HI>Is divorced from</HI> Anne <HI>of</HI> Cleve, Ibid. <HI>Marries</HI> Catharine Howard, Ibid. <HI>Burns Papists and Prote&s;tants for Religion,</HI>
<PB REF="57">269. <HI>Beheads</HI> Catharine Howard <HI>for A|dultery,</HI> 289. <HI>Marries</HI> Catharine Parr, Ibid. <HI>Makes a &s;ucce&s;sful War in</HI> Scotland, 324. <HI>He makes an Expedition into</HI> France, 327. <HI>Takes</HI> Bologne, Ibid. <HI>Makes a Treaty of Peace with</HI> France, 355. <HI>Fore|warns the Prote&s;tants in</HI> Germany <HI>of their danger,</HI> 356. <HI>Dies,</HI> 418.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Henry <HI>of</HI> Zutphen <HI>&s;uffers for Religion in</HI> Ger|many, 75.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Henry <HI>Duke of</HI> Saxony <HI>refu&s;es to change his Religion to gain the Dutchy,</HI> 249. <HI>But gains it by</HI> George<HI>'s Death,</HI> 250.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Henry Dauphin <HI>of</HI> France <HI>has a Daughter,</HI> 382.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Henry <HI>the</HI> II. <HI>of</HI> France <HI>&s;ucceeds to</HI> Francis <HI>the</HI> l. 424. <HI>Is Crowned,</HI> 435. <HI>The Cere|mony of it,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Per&s;ecutes the</HI> Lutherans <HI>&s;everely in</HI> France, 456. <HI>Enters</HI> Paris <HI>in State,</HI> 484. <HI>Crowns his Queen,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Per|&s;ecutes the</HI> Lutherans, Ibid. <HI>Makes a League with the</HI> Switzers, Ibid. <HI>Regains &s;everal Places from</HI> England, 485. <HI>Pub|li&s;hes another Edict again&s;t the</HI> Lutherans, 492. <HI>Sends a Letter to the Pope about his a&s;&s;i&s;ting</HI> Octavio Farne&s;e, 514. <HI>He de|clares War again&s;t the Emperor with his rea|&s;ons,</HI> 517. <HI>Ju&s;tifies him&s;elf from</HI> Leagues <HI>with the</HI> Turk, 518. <HI>Sends the</HI> Abbot <HI>of</HI> Bellozane <HI>to</HI> Trent, <HI>with a Letter to the Council,</HI> Ibid. <HI>He Publi&s;hes an Edict a|gain&s;t the Pope,</HI> 521. <HI>And another again&s;t the</HI> Lutherans, Ibid. <HI>An&s;wers the Empe|rors Declaration,</HI> 522. <HI>Hinders the</HI> Swit|zers <HI>from &s;ending Amba&s;&s;adors to the Coun|cil of</HI> Trent, 528. <HI>He &s;ends Amba&s;&s;adors to Duke</HI> Maurice, 529. <HI>Makes Peace with the Pope,</HI> 548. <HI>He declares War again&s;t the Emperor,</HI> 553. <HI>Calls him&s;elf Protector of the Liberties of</HI> Germany, 554. <HI>He takes</HI> Toul, Verdun, Metz, 555. <HI>Takes an Oath of Allegiance from the People of</HI> Metz, Ibid. <HI>His Treaty with the</HI> Strasburghers, 557. <HI>His an&s;wer to the Princes Amba&s;&s;adors,</HI> 558. <HI>The rea&s;ons of his leaving</HI> Germany, 559. <HI>His an&s;wer to the</HI> Switzers, Ibid. <HI>He Wa&s;tes</HI> Luxembourg, 563. <HI>His Amba&s;|&s;adors Speech at the Treaty of</HI> Pa&s;&s;aw, 564. <HI>He Sollicites again by Letters from</HI> Aich&s;tadt, 567. <HI>He brings his Men from</HI> Luxem|bourg <HI>back into</HI> Artois, 571. <HI>Is offended with the Pacification at</HI> Pa&s;&s;aw, 572. <HI>Writes to the Emperor,</HI> 576. <HI>Sends a Declaration to the States of the Empire,</HI> 577. <HI>Carries on the War in the Low Countries,</HI> 603. <HI>But is beaten in</HI> Tu&s;cany <HI>in the</HI> Siene&s;e <HI>War,</HI> 604. <HI>His Letter to the Diet at</HI> Francfort, Ibid. <HI>Takes</HI> Ca&s;al, 613. <HI>Carries on the War into</HI> Montferrat, 617.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Hereford, <HI>vide</HI> Fox.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Herman, <HI>vide</HI> Cologne.</ITEM>
<ITEM>He&s;&s;e, <HI>vide</HI> Philip Landgrave.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Hilde&s;heym <HI>a City in the Dutchy of</HI> Brun|&s;wick, <HI>embraces the Prote&s;tant Religion,</HI> 300. <HI>they are accu&s;ed by their Bi&s;hop to the Empe|ror,</HI> 313.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Hogo&s;tratus (James) <HI>a Dominican writes a|gain&s;t</HI> Luther, 4. <HI>Commi&s;&s;ioned by</HI> Maxi|milian <HI>to Examine</HI> Jewi&s;h <HI>Books,</HI> 30. <HI>Writes again&s;t</HI> Reuchlin, Ibid. <HI>Is ca&s;t by the Bi|&s;hop of</HI> Spire, Ibid. <HI>Appeals to</HI> Rome, Ibid. <HI>Leaves his Cau&s;e,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Examines two</HI> Augu&s;tine <HI>Friars at</HI> Bru&s;&s;els, 63.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Holland, <HI>an Inundation there,</HI> 137.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Hooper (John) <HI>Bi&s;hop of</HI> Gloce&s;ter <HI>burnt for his Religion,</HI> 607.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Huberine (Ca&s;par) <HI>an</HI> Interimi&s;t, <HI>Preaches at</HI> Augsbourg, 535.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Hugh (Capet) <HI>makes him&s;elf King of</HI> France, 150.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Huglie (John) <HI>a Prote&s;tant burnt for Religi|on by the Bi&s;hop of</HI> Con&s;tance, 105.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Hungarians <HI>beg for a&s;&s;i&s;tance at the Diet of</HI> Spire, 324. <HI>Their Hor&s;e join Duke</HI> Mau|rice, 409.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Hu&s;&s;e (John) <HI>Preaches</HI> Wiclef's <HI>Doctrine,</HI> 46. <HI>Appeals from the Pope to Chri&s;t,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Went to the Council of</HI> Con&s;tance <HI>with &s;afe Conduct,</HI> 47. <HI>There burnt,</HI> Ibid.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Hutton (Ulricus) <HI>a Noble Man of</HI> Fran|conia, 65. <HI>Favours</HI> Luther <HI>and dies,</HI> Ibid.</ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<HEAD>I</HEAD>
<ITEM>JAmes <HI>the</HI> V. <HI>of</HI> Scotland <HI>Marries King</HI> Francis<HI>'s Daughter,</HI> 209. <HI>His Queen dies,</HI> 230. <HI>Makes a War with</HI> England <HI>un|&s;ucce&s;sfully,</HI> 304. <HI>Dies,</HI> Ibid.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Jerome <HI>Bi&s;hop of</HI> Brandenbourg, 2.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Jerome <HI>of</HI> Prague <HI>burnt at the Council of</HI> Con&s;tance, 47.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Jerome <HI>Bi&s;hop of</HI> A&s;coli <HI>&s;ummons</HI> Luther <HI>by</HI> P. Leo's <HI>Order to appear at</HI> Rome, 5.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Jews <HI>compared with</HI> Roman <HI>Clergy,</HI> 29.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Illyricus (Matthias Flaccius) <HI>Writes again&s;t the</HI> Adiaphori&s;ts, 498.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Imperial <HI>Chamber (Vide Prote&s;tants) is &s;et up again in the Diet at</HI> Augsbourg, 466. <HI>The Judges fly from</HI> Spire <HI>for fear of the Con|federate Princes,</HI> 557. <HI>They an&s;wer Mar|que&s;s</HI> Albert's <HI>Deputation about the</HI> Franconi|an <HI>Bi&s;hops,</HI> 577. <HI>They decree in Favour of the Bi&s;hops,</HI> 578.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Indulgences <HI>Preacht up in</HI> Germany, 1, 2. <HI>Confirmed by Pope</HI> Clement<HI>'s Decree in the Extravagants,</HI> 9. <HI>Why granted,</HI> 273.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Indult, <HI>vide</HI> P. Paul <HI>the</HI> III.</ITEM>
<ITEM>P. Innocent <HI>the</HI> III. <HI>Decreed to the Electoral Princes a right of chu&s;ing the Emperor,</HI> 21. <HI>His decree</HI> de Majoritate &amp; Obedientia, 107.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Inqui&s;ition, <HI>its Original,</HI> 434.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Inqui&s;itors <HI>about the Emperor's Edict of Religi|on in the</HI> Netherlands, <HI>how they proceed,</HI> 498.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Interim, <HI>drawn up at</HI> Augsbourg, 454. <HI>The heads of it,</HI> 458. <HI>Often Revi&s;ed and Corre|cted,</HI>
<PB REF="57">459. <HI>Sent to</HI> Rome, <HI>ibid. The Ele|ctors differ in their Opinion about it,</HI> ibid. <HI>Tho&s;e who draw it up are rewarded,</HI> 468. <HI>It is di&s;liked on both &s;ides,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Confu|ted by the</HI> Saxon <HI>Divines,</HI> 481.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Joachim, <HI>Elector of</HI> Brandenbourg <HI>&s;ends an Emba&s;&s;ie to the Elector of</HI> Saxony, 242. <HI>Sends Agents to</HI> Ey&s;enach, 244. <HI>Made Gene|ali &s;&s;imo again&s;t the Turks,</HI> 292. <HI>He Strikes in with the Papi&s;ts in the War again&s;t the</HI> Smalcaldick <HI>League,</HI> 375. <HI>Interpo&s;es for a Peace,</HI> 418. <HI>With the Landgrave,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Intercedes for</HI> Saxony, 427. <HI>And his Life was &s;pared at his Interce&s;&s;ion,</HI> 428. <HI>Intercedes for the Landgrave,</HI> 429. <HI>Re|mon&s;trates to the Emperor for him at</HI> Hall, 433. <HI>Calls</HI> Bucer <HI>to</HI> Augsbourg, 454. <HI>Angry with him for not &s;ub&s;cribing the</HI> Inte|rim, 457. <HI>Receives the</HI> Interim, 461. <HI>Acts with Duke</HI> Maurice <HI>in the</HI> Magdeburgick <HI>War,</HI> 505, 506. <HI>He &s;ends Amba&s;&s;adors to the Conncil of</HI> Trent, 526. <HI>His Amba&s;&s;a|dors with tho&s;e of D.</HI> Maurice, <HI>Sollicite the Emperor about the Landgrave,</HI> 531.</ITEM>
<ITEM>John XXII. P. <HI>vide</HI> Aquinas.</ITEM>
<ITEM>John <HI>King of</HI> Denmark <HI>overthrows the</HI> Swedes, 62. <HI>Dying, leaves his Son</HI> Chri&s;tian <HI>of &s;ix Years of Age,</HI> Ibid.</ITEM>
<ITEM>John <HI>&s;ucceeds his Brother</HI> Frederick <HI>of</HI> Saxony, 84. <HI>Goes to</HI> Franck-hau&s;en <HI>again&s;t</HI> Muncer<HI>'s Gang,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Comes to the Diet at</HI> Augsbourg, 127. <HI>Ex|cu&s;es the Landgrave's going from</HI> Augsbourg <HI>to the Emperor,</HI> 131. <HI>Procures the removal of the Guards from the Gates of</HI> Augsbourg, 131. <HI>Is cited by the Emperor to</HI> Cologne, 141. <HI>Sends his Son and goes him&s;elf to</HI> Smalcald, 142. <HI>Writes to the Confede|rate Princes to hinder an Election of a King of the</HI> Romans, 143. <HI>Prote&s;ts by his Son again&s;t</HI> Ferdinand<HI>'s Election to be King of the</HI> Romans, 144. <HI>Pleads Age and demands &s;afe conduct before his going to the Diet at</HI> Spire, 153. <HI>Gives an An&s;wer to the Ele|ctor of</HI> Mentz <HI>and the Prince</HI> Palatine, 154. <HI>The conditions upon which he would acknow|ledge a King of the</HI> Romans, 157. <HI>Dies,</HI> 161.</ITEM>
<ITEM>John Frederick (<HI>Son to</HI> John) <HI>D. of</HI> Sax|ony <HI>an&s;wers the Emperors and Popes Amba&s;|&s;adors,</HI> 163. <HI>Yields to acknowledge</HI> Ferdi|nand <HI>K. of the</HI> Romans, 173. <HI>An&s;wers</HI> Vergerius<HI>'s Propo&s;itions for a Council,</HI> 181. <HI>Negotiates with</HI> Ferdinand <HI>to &s;top the Pro|&s;ecutions of the Imperial Chamber,</HI> 185. <HI>Goes to</HI> Smalcald, 189. <HI>Negotiates with</HI> Henry VIII. <HI>of</HI> England, 205. <HI>Quarrels with his Cou&s;in</HI> George <HI>D. of</HI> Saxony, 206. <HI>He communicates the Emba&s;&s;y of the Elector of</HI> Brandenbourg <HI>to the Landgrave,</HI> 243. <HI>His An&s;wer to the</HI> Brandenbourghers <HI>Emba&s;&s;y,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Goes to the Convention at</HI> Ey&s;enach, 244. <HI>Quarrels with the D. of</HI> Brun&s;wick, 247. <HI>Writes to the</HI> French <HI>K. in behalf of the D. of</HI> Wirtemberg, 249. <HI>He &s;ends Amba&s;&s;adors into</HI> England, 252. <HI>He An|&s;wers the Emperors Letters,</HI> 263. <HI>Quarrels with</HI> Naumburg <HI>about a Bi&s;hop,</HI> 288. <HI>Puts in</HI> Am&s;torfius, Ibid. <HI>Makes War upon the D. of</HI> Brun&s;wick <HI>with the Landgrave,</HI> 298. <HI>The Declarations of the Rea&s;ons of their un|dertaking,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Their an&s;wer to the Me&s;|&s;age of the States of the Empire,</HI> 299. <HI>In|tercedes to no purpo&s;e for the D. of</HI> Cleve, 313. <HI>Accommodates with King</HI> Ferdinand, 325. <HI>His Son is affianced to</HI> K. Ferdinand<HI>'s Daughter,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Writes to the Emperor a|bout the D. of</HI> Brun&s;wick, 354. <HI>He armes again&s;t the Emperor,</HI> 384. <HI>He and the Landgrave declare War again&s;t the Emperor,</HI> 385. <HI>Sends his Son</HI> John William <HI>Amba&s;|&s;ador to D.</HI> Maurice, 406. <HI>Writes to</HI> Ulm <HI>to the Confederates for A&s;&s;i&s;tance,</HI> 409. <HI>Is in danger upon the Retreat of the Army,</HI> 412. <HI>Rai&s;es contributions upon Papi&s;ts,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Writes to the States of D.</HI> Maurice<HI>'s Country,</HI> 414. <HI>Be&s;ieges</HI> Leipzick, 417. <HI>Takes mo&s;t of</HI> Maurice<HI>'s Towns and his own again,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Writes to the City of</HI> Strasbourg, 419. <HI>Takes</HI> Rochlitz <HI>by Storm, and Marque&s;s</HI> Albert <HI>of</HI> Brandenbourg <HI>Pri&s;oner,</HI> 420. <HI>His Am|ba&s;&s;adors to the</HI> Bohemians, 424. <HI>He takes &s;ome Towns from D.</HI> Maurice, 425. <HI>Is overthrown at the Fore&s;t of</HI> Lochawer, 427. <HI>Taken Pri&s;oner,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Condemned to die,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Bears it bravely,</HI> Ibid, <HI>Accepts the Emperors Propo&s;als,</HI> 428. <HI>Ab&s;olves his Sub|jects from their Oath of Allegiance,</HI> 429. <HI>His Heroical Courage in refu&s;ing the</HI> Inte|rim, 462. <HI>He is u&s;ed with great Har&s;hne&s;s,</HI> 463. <HI>Declares he will not per&s;wade his Sons to receive the</HI> Interim. 469. <HI>Is carried Pri|&s;oner into the Low Countries,</HI> 473. <HI>And kept with the Emperor,</HI> 474. <HI>Is brought back in|to</HI> Germany <HI>with the Emperor,</HI> 496. <HI>Is di&s;mi&s;&s;ed by the Emperor,</HI> 573. <HI>Solli|cites to be re&s;tored upon</HI> Maurice<HI>'s Death,</HI> 587. <HI>Dies,</HI> 596. <HI>The differences between him and the Elector</HI> Augu&s;tus, 597.</ITEM>
<ITEM>John <HI>Prince</HI> Palatine <HI>&s;teps between the Land|grave and the D. of</HI> Brun&s;wick <HI>at the Diet of</HI> Spire, 319.</ITEM>
<ITEM>John Marque&s;s <HI>of</HI> Brandenbourg <HI>an&s;wers to the</HI> Saxon's <HI>and Landgrave's Letter.</HI> 387. <HI>Refu&s;es the</HI> Interim, 460.</ITEM>
<ITEM>I&s;lebius (Joannes Agricola) <HI>Preaches up Antinomiani&s;m,</HI> 244. <HI>Recants,</HI> 245. <HI>A&s;|&s;i&s;ts in Drawing up the</HI> Interim, 454.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Jubilee <HI>Redueed to</HI> 50 <HI>Years by Pope</HI> Clement, 9.</ITEM>
<ITEM>P. Julius II. <HI>obliged to call a Council in</HI> 2 <HI>Years,</HI> 26. <HI>Refu&s;es to appear at that of</HI> Pi&s;a, Ibid. <HI>Calls another at the Church of St.</HI> John de Lateran <HI>in</HI> Rome, Ibid. <HI>Excommunicates the</HI> Pi&s;an <HI>Cardinals,</HI> 27. <HI>Dies,</HI> Ibid. <HI>His decree concerning Appeals,</HI> 35.</ITEM>
<PB REF="58">
<ITEM>P. Julius III. (de Monte) <HI>Inaugurated,</HI> 492. <HI>gives his Hat to a Youth,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Secures</HI> Par|ma <HI>to</HI> Octavio Farne&s;e, 492. <HI>Publi&s;hes Bulls to call a Council at</HI> Trent, 503. <HI>They Offended many,</HI> 505. <HI>Cites</HI> Octavio Far|ne&s;e <HI>to</HI> Rome, 513. <HI>Writes lovingly to the</HI> Switzers, 514. <HI>Publi&s;hes Indulgences at the Council of</HI> Trent, 542. <HI>Publi&s;hes a De|claration of Thanksgiving for the Reduction of</HI> England, 611. <HI>Dies,</HI> 614.</ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<HEAD>K.</HEAD>
<ITEM><HI>KIng of the</HI> Romans; <HI>terms of choo&s;ing one,</HI> 157. <HI>The manner of their Elections,</HI> 158.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Knights, <HI>the ceremony of their Creation,</HI> 37.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Knipperdoling <HI>a great incendiary in</HI> Mun|&s;ter, 193. <HI>Made publick Hangman of the Town,</HI> 194. <HI>Is taken at the Storm of</HI> Mun|&s;ter, 201. <HI>and executed with</HI> John <HI>of</HI> Ley|den, 202.</ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<HEAD>L.</HEAD>
<ITEM><HI>LAndgrave, vide</HI> Philip <HI>Landgrave of</HI> He&s;&s;e.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Landre (Francis de) <HI>a Preacher at</HI> Paris, 297. <HI>Articles exhibited again&s;t him,</HI> ibid. <HI>His An&s;wer,</HI> ibid. <HI>Recants,</HI> 309.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Latimer (Hugh) <HI>burnt for his Religion at</HI> Ox|ford, 619.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Langus (Matthew) <HI>Bi&s;hop of</HI> Gurk, <HI>vide</HI> Maxi|milian. <HI>Made Cardinal,</HI> 27.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Lateran, <HI>Fourth Council, its Dignity,</HI> 26. <HI>Immortality of the Soul debated in it,</HI> 27.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Lautrec <HI>leads an Army into</HI> Italy, 110. <HI>Takes</HI> Alexandria <HI>and</HI> Pavia, <HI>ibid. Be&s;ieges</HI> Na|ples, 115. <HI>Dies before it,</HI> ibid.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Lenoncour (Robert <HI>Cardinal) made Bi&s;hop of</HI> Metz, 499. <HI>A&s;&s;i&s;ts the</HI> French <HI>King in the taking of</HI> Metz, 555.</ITEM>
<ITEM><HI>Pope</HI> Leo X. <HI>Publi&s;hes Bulls of Indulgences,</HI> 1. <HI>Sends</HI> Cajetan <HI>to the Diet at</HI> Augsbourg, 4. <HI>Summons</HI> Luther <HI>to appear at</HI> Rome, 5. <HI>Writes to</HI> Cajetan <HI>to fetch</HI> Luther <HI>to</HI> Augs|bourg, <HI>and to command all per&s;ons to de|clare their abhorrence of his Opinions,</HI> ibid. <HI>Writes to</HI> Frederick <HI>D. of</HI> Saxony <HI>to abandon</HI> Luther, 6. <HI>And to</HI> Venize <HI>to com|mand him to take care of</HI> Luther, <HI>ibid. Pub|li&s;hes a Bull,</HI> Nov. 8. 1518. <HI>For Indul|gences,</HI> 12. <HI>Favours the Election of</HI> Francis, I. 14. <HI>Meets him at</HI> Bononia <HI>after the de|feat of the</HI> Switzers <HI>at</HI> Marignano, 14. <HI>Concludes the fourth</HI> Lateran <HI>Council,</HI> 27. <HI>An&s;wers the Elector of</HI> Saxony<HI>'s Letter,</HI> 34. <HI>Publi&s;hes a Bull again&s;t</HI> Luther, 35. <HI>Con|demns his Books and gives him</HI> 60 <HI>daies to repent,</HI> Ibid. <HI>El&s;e he Excommunicates him,</HI> 36. <HI>Makes a League with the</HI> Swit|zers, 48. <HI>And with</HI> Charles V. 50. <HI>Dies,</HI> Ibid.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Leva (Antonio de) Charles V.<HI>'s General in</HI> Provence, 208. <HI>&V;n&s;ncce&s;sful there,</HI> Ibid.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Lewis XII. <HI>Sends Amba&s;&s;adors to the Council of</HI> Pi&s;a. 26. <HI>His Kingdom put under an Interdict by</HI> P. Julius, 27.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Lewis <HI>K. of</HI> Hungary <HI>craves aid from the Diet at</HI> Nurenberg, 54. <HI>Overthrown by</HI> Solyman <HI>and kiiied,</HI> 105.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Lewis <HI>Prince</HI> Palatine <HI>&s;tands up for the pre&s;er|ving</HI> Luther<HI>'s &s;afe conduct at</HI> Wormes, 44. <HI>Sends Amba&s;&s;adors to</HI> Smalcald <HI>to the Pro|te&s;tants,</HI> 153. <HI>Dies.</HI> 321.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Lewis <HI>D. of</HI> Bavaria, <HI>vide</HI> Bavaria.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Leyden (John <HI>of) a Taylor,</HI> 192. <HI>Preaches Anabapti&s;m at</HI> Mun&s;ter, Ibid. <HI>Incen&s;es the Mad Multitude,</HI> 193. <HI>Marries</HI> Mat|thew<HI>'s Widow,</HI> 194. <HI>Publi&s;hes</HI> Polygamy <HI>by In&s;piration,</HI> 195. <HI>Is made King of the Anabapti&s;ts,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Admini&s;ters the Supper to his Subjects,</HI> 196. <HI>Beheads one of his Queens,</HI> 199. <HI>Is ob&s;tinate to the la&s;t,</HI> 201. <HI>Is taken in the &s;urprize of the Town by</HI> Ober|&s;teyn, Ibid. <HI>Garried about for a &s;ight,</HI> 202. <HI>Executed,</HI> Ibid. <HI>His Body &s;et in a Cage upon a Tower in</HI> Mun&s;ter, Ibid.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Lindaw, <HI>the City of</HI> Lindaw <HI>receives the</HI> In|terim, 472.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Lintz, <HI>a Town of</HI> Au&s;tria <HI>upon the</HI> Danube, 12.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Lions, <HI>Nine Per&s;ons burnt there for</HI> Here&s;y, 587.</ITEM>
<ITEM>De Lire <HI>is &s;ent to the Landgrave with Conditi|ons,</HI> 442.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Locu&s;ts <HI>in</HI> Germany, 298.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Lorrain<HI>'s (Cardinals of)</HI> Harangue <HI>to the Pope about a Council,</HI> 443.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Lovain <HI>Divines rail at</HI> Luther, 21. <HI>Con|demn his Writings,</HI> 27. <HI>Cen&s;ure them pub|lickly,</HI> 31. <HI>They Propo&s;e Articles again&s;t the Reformation which the Emperor Ratified,</HI> 343.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Lubeckers <HI>make War again&s;t</HI> Chri&s;tian <HI>K. of</HI> Denmark, <HI>Son to</HI> Frederick, 203.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Lucern <HI>one of the</HI> Swi&s;&s;e-Cantons, <HI>vide</HI> Swit|zers. <HI>They &s;tudy to introduce the Reforma|tion there but in vain,</HI> 618.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Luther (Martin) <HI>Preaches again&s;t Indulgences at</HI> Wittemberg <HI>in</HI> 1517. 2. <HI>Writes</HI> Octob. 31. <HI>to</HI> Albert <HI>Bi&s;hop of</HI> Mentz <HI>and</HI> Magde|bourg <HI>again&s;t it,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Publi&s;hes</HI> 95 The&s;es <HI>again&s;t Indulgences, Purgatory,</HI> &amp;c. Ibid. <HI>Sends an Explication of them to the Bi|&s;hop of</HI> Brandenbourg <HI>and to</HI> Stupitz, Ibid. <HI>Vindicates him&s;elf to Pope</HI> Leo, Ibid. <HI>An|&s;wers</HI> Eckius, 3. <HI>An&s;wers</HI> Prierias<HI>'s Dia|logue,</HI> ibid. <HI>Rejoyns upon</HI> Silve&s;ter<HI>'s reply,</HI> 4. <HI>An&s;wers</HI> Hogo&s;tratus, Ibid. <HI>De&s;ires that his Cau&s;e may be heard in</HI> Germany, 6. <HI>Is urged to retract his</HI> The&s;es <HI>by</HI> Cajetan <HI>at</HI> Augsbourg, 7. <HI>Submits to the Pope, but re|fu&s;es to recant,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Referrs him&s;elf to the Judgment of the</HI> German <HI>&V;niver&s;ities with that of</HI> Paris, Ibid. <HI>Gives his Opinion in Writing to</HI> Cajetan, 8. <HI>Goes from</HI> Augs|bourg
<PB REF="58"><HI>two days after,</HI> Ibid. <HI>And Writes to</HI> Cajetan <HI>when he went away to excu&s;e him|&s;elf,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Appeals from the Pope not right|ly informed, to his Determination after full Information,</HI> 9. Luther <HI>An&s;wers</HI> Fre|derick<HI>'s Letter excu&s;ing his Retreat from</HI> Augsbourg, 11. <HI>He appeals from the Pope to a General Council,</HI> 12. <HI>He Writes Sub|mi&s;&s;ively to Pope</HI> Leo, 13. <HI>Goes to</HI> Leip|zick <HI>to Di&s;pute,</HI> 21. <HI>Oppo&s;es the Popes</HI> Su|premacy <HI>again&s;t</HI> Eckius, 22. <HI>Writes Sub|mi&s;&s;ively to the Pope at</HI> Miltitz<HI>'s de&s;ire,</HI> 23. <HI>His Character of the Court of</HI> Rome, 24. <HI>Makes Propo&s;als for Peace,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Writes a Book of Chri&s;tian Liberty,</HI> 25. <HI>Another called</HI> Te&s;&s;aradicus, Ibid. <HI>And about con|fe&s;&s;ion and Vows,</HI> Ibid. <HI>And Communion in both kinds,</HI> Ibid. <HI>He anw&s;ers the</HI> Lovain <HI>and</HI> Cologne <HI>Divines,</HI> 27. <HI>He Writes to</HI> Charles V. 31. <HI>And to the States of the Empire,</HI> Ibid. <HI>And Submi&s;|&s;ively to the Bi&s;hop of</HI> Mentz, 32. <HI>And to the Bi&s;hop of</HI> Mersburgh, 33. <HI>Oppo&s;es the Popes Bull, and appeals to a General Council,</HI> 36. <HI>Writes about the Babyloni&s;h Captivi|ty,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Condemns the Doctrine of the &s;even Sacraments,</HI> Ib. <HI>Writes again&s;t the Popes Bull,</HI> Ibid. <HI>His Books burnt by the Popes Me&s;&s;engers to</HI> Frederick, 39. <HI>He burns the Canon-Law and the Popes Bull,</HI> Ibid. <HI>His rea|&s;ons for it,</HI> Ibid, 40. <HI>An&s;wers</HI> Ambro&s;i|us Catharinus, 40. <HI>Promi&s;es to appear at</HI> Wormes <HI>in a Letter to</HI> Frederick, 41. <HI>Is put into the Bull</HI> de Coena Domini, 42. <HI>Turns it into</HI> High-Dutch <HI>and writes Animad|ver&s;ions,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Goes to</HI> Wormes, <HI>ibid. Is di&s;|&s;waded from it,</HI> Ibid. <HI>To no Purpo&s;e,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Owns his Books,</HI> ibid. <HI>Takes time to con&s;ider of his defence,</HI> ibid. <HI>has a day allowed,</HI> ibid. <HI>Pleads to his Accu&s;ation before the Emperor and States,</HI> 43. <HI>An&s;wers</HI> Eckius's <HI>Returns upon his Plea,</HI> 44. <HI>Meets Commi&s;&s;ioners who were to hear him privately,</HI> ibid. <HI>His An|&s;wer to the Commi&s;&s;ioners,</HI> 45. <HI>Parlies with them,</HI> 46. <HI>Submits to the next General Coun|cil,</HI> ibid. <HI>Goes home from</HI> Wormes, <HI>ibid. Writes to the Emperor for Protection upon the Road,</HI> ibid. <HI>And to the States,</HI> ibid. <HI>Drolls in his An&s;wer to the</HI> Pari&s;ian <HI>Cen&s;ure of his Books,</HI> 47. <HI>Writes Letters to &s;trengthen his Friends in his Retirement,</HI> 49. <HI>And Books again&s;t the Ma&s;s and Mona&s;tick Vows, and one again&s;t</HI> Latomus, <HI>ibid. An&s;wers</HI> Henry <HI>the</HI> VIII. <HI>&s;harply,</HI> 50. <HI>Returns to</HI> Wittemberg, 51. <HI>Excu&s;es it to</HI> Frederick, <HI>ibid. Di&s;ap|proves the taking down of Images,</HI> 52. <HI>He writes to the</HI> Boliemians <HI>to per&s;wade them to &V;nity,</HI> 53. <HI>Writes again&s;t fal&s;e Bi&s;hops,</HI> ibid. <HI>Calls him&s;elf Preacher of the Go&s;pel,</HI> ibid. <HI>Refu&s;es to &s;tand to the Determination of any under God,</HI> 54. <HI>Tran&s;lates</HI> Adrian<HI>'s In&s;tru|ctions to the Diet, with Remarks,</HI> 60. <HI>Inter|prets the Decree of the Diet at</HI> Nuremberg, 64. <HI>And adds thereto a Di&s;cour&s;e again&s;t Private Ma&s;&s;es,</HI> 65. <HI>Admoni&s;hes the Princes of</HI> Germany, 75. <HI>Writes</HI> de Servo Arbi|trio <HI>again&s;t</HI> Era&s;mus, <HI>ibid. Warns the</HI> Saxons <HI>of</HI> Muncer, 86. <HI>Writes a Book to prevent Sedition,</HI> ibid. <HI>His An&s;wer to the Demands of the Boors in</HI> Schwabia, 90. <HI>His Momto|ry Epi&s;tle to the Princes and Nobility,</HI> 94. <HI>His General Epi&s;tle to Nobility and Boors,</HI> 95. <HI>His Alarm again&s;t the Boors,</HI> 96. <HI>Cen&s;ured as too &s;harp,</HI> ibid. <HI>He defends it afterwards,</HI> ibid. <HI>Writes again&s;t</HI> Caralo&s;tadius, <HI>about the Euchari&s;t,</HI> 97. <HI>&V;ndertakes his Protecti|on upon his Submi&s;&s;ion,</HI> ibid. <HI>Marries a Nu<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="pdcc" EXTENT="1 letter">,</HI> ibid. <HI>Differs with</HI> Zuinglius <HI>about the Eutha|ri&s;t,</HI> ibid. <HI>Writes &s;ubmi&s;&s;ively to</HI> Henry VIII. 100. <HI>And to</HI> George <HI>D. of</HI> Saxony, 101. <HI>Complains of K.</HI> Henry<HI>'s An&s;wer,</HI> 102. <HI>Has a Conference with</HI> Zuinglius <HI>at</HI> Marpurgh, 121. <HI>Writes to the Bi&s;hops at the Diet of</HI> Augs|bourg, 140. <HI>Comforts</HI> Melancthon, <HI>ibid. He defends the League of</HI> Smalcald, 148. <HI>He per&s;wades the</HI> Leipzickers <HI>to continue Prote&s;tants,</HI> 168. <HI>He ju&s;tifies him&s;elf from the Charge of Rebellion,</HI> ibid. <HI>Quarrels with</HI> Era&s;mus, 170. <HI>Writes again&s;t the</HI> Anabap|ti&s;ts <HI>at</HI> Mun&s;ter, 199. <HI>Wrote again&s;t the Draught of a Reformation, publi&s;hed by the Delegate Cardinals,</HI> 238. <HI>VVrites again&s;t the</HI> Antinomians, 244. <HI>Preaches at</HI> Leip|zick, 250. <HI>He publi&s;hes a Book about the Au|thority of Councils,</HI> ibid. <HI>He writes again&s;t the D. of</HI> Brun&s;wick, 272. <HI>He In&s;talls</HI> Am|&s;torfius, 288. <HI>VVrites again&s;t</HI> Phlugius, <HI>ib. VVrites a Camp Sermon for tho&s;e who went again&s;t the</HI> Turks, 292. <HI>His Opinion about Magi&s;tracy,</HI> 293. <HI>His &s;econd Camp Sermon,</HI> 294. <HI>His Prayer again&s;t the rage of the</HI> Turks, 295. <HI>He writes about the Sa|crament,</HI> 340. <HI>An&s;wers what the</HI> Lovain <HI>Doctors wrote again&s;t the Reformation,</HI> 343. <HI>Publi&s;hes a Book again&s;t the</HI> Roman <HI>Hierar|chy,</HI> 349. <HI>His</HI> The&s;es <HI>about Government,</HI> ib. <HI>His Ludicrous Pictures about the Pope,</HI> ibid. <HI>VVrites to di&s;&s;wade the Prote&s;tants from Re|lea&s;ing the D. of</HI> Brun&s;wick, 354. <HI>He goes to</HI> I&s;leben <HI>to be an Arbitrator between the Counts</HI> Mansfeild, 362. <HI>Falls &s;ick,</HI> ibid. <HI>His Prayers,</HI> 363. <HI>Dies,</HI> ibid. <HI>Is buried at</HI> Wittemberg, <HI>ibid. His Life,</HI> ibid. <HI>His Skill in the</HI> German <HI>Language,</HI> ibid. <HI>His undaunted courage,</HI> ibid.</ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<HEAD>M.</HEAD>
<ITEM>MAgdebourg, <HI>refu&s;es to &s;ubmit to the Em|peror,</HI> 434. <HI>Is Pro&s;cribed,</HI> 436. <HI>In great di&s;tre&s;s upon that account,</HI> 485. <HI>They publi&s;h a</HI> Manife&s;to, 486. <HI>Another</HI> Manife|&s;to <HI>of theirs,</HI> 496. <HI>They are routed by the D. of</HI> Mecklenbourg, 500. <HI>Conditions are propo|&s;ed to them,</HI> 501. <HI>They publi&s;h a third De|claration,</HI> ibid. <HI>They Sally out briskly upon</HI> Maurice, 502. <HI>They an&s;wer the Deputation
<PB REF="59">of their own States,</HI> 502. <HI>They overcome D.</HI> Maurice <HI>in a Sally, and take the D. of</HI> Meck|lenbourg <HI>Pri&s;oner,</HI> 505. <HI>They are &s;ollicited to &s;urrender,</HI> 506. <HI>The Declaration of the States and Clergy again&s;t them,</HI> ibid. <HI>Their An&s;wer to it,</HI> 508. <HI>A Mutiny in the Town,</HI> 515. <HI>They accept of a Peace,</HI> 528. <HI>Their Preachers Vindicate them&s;elves to D.</HI> Mau|rice, 529. <HI>They get credit by their con&s;tan|cy,</HI> ibid.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Malvenda <HI>opens the Conference at</HI> Ratisbon, 359. <HI>Treats of Ju&s;tification,</HI> ibid. <HI>An&s;wers</HI> Bucer, <HI>ibid.</HI></ITEM>
<ITEM>Mantua, <HI>a Council called to meet there, by P.</HI> Paul III. 207. <HI>The D. of</HI> Mantua <HI>demanded a Garri&s;on before the Council &s;hould &s;it,</HI> 230.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Marcellus II. <HI>cho&s;en Pope,</HI> 615. <HI>Dies after a Reign of</HI> 22 <HI>days,</HI> ibid.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Marot (Clement) <HI>an account of him,</HI> 310.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Mary <HI>Q. of</HI> Hungary <HI>made Governe&s;s of the</HI> Netherlands, 149. <HI>Goes to</HI> Augsbourg <HI>to Mediate for the mitigation of the Emperors E|dict,</HI> 501. <HI>Holds a Convention of the States of the</HI> Netherlands <HI>at</HI> Aix la Chapelle, 560. <HI>She &s;tops the Landgrave at</HI> Ma&s;tricht, 573.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Mary <HI>Q. of</HI> Scots, <HI>Troubles in her Minority,</HI> 316. <HI>Affianced to Prince</HI> Edward <HI>of</HI> England, <HI>ibid. Is carried into</HI> France, 477.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Mary (<HI>Daughter to</HI> Henry VIII.) <HI>Proclaims her &s;elf Queen of</HI> England, <HI>upon K.</HI> Edward's <HI>death,</HI> 589. <HI>Enters</HI> London, <HI>ibid. Makes</HI> Gardiner <HI>Chancellor, ibid. Beheads the D. of</HI> Northumberland, <HI>ibid. She E&s;tabli|&s;hes the Popi&s;h Religion again in</HI> England, 591. <HI>Orders a publick Di&s;putation at</HI> London, 593. <HI>Di&s;&s;olves K.</HI> Edward<HI>'s Laws about Religion in Parliament,</HI> 595. <HI>Marries Pr.</HI> Philip <HI>of</HI> Spain, <HI>ibid. Breaks</HI> Wiat<HI>'s Con&s;piracy,</HI> 596. <HI>Beheads</HI> Jane Grey, <HI>and the Duke of</HI> Suffolk, <HI>ibid. Bani&s;hes Foreign Prote&s;tants out of</HI> England, 597. <HI>Publi&s;hes a Book of Articles about Religion,</HI> ibid. <HI>Com|mits the Prince&s;s</HI> Ellizabeth <HI>to the</HI> Tower, 598. <HI>Her Marriage with K.</HI> Philip <HI>is &s;olem|nized with great &s;plendor,</HI> 604. <HI>Calls a Par|liament, wherein</HI> England <HI>is again &s;ubjected to</HI> Rome, 605, 606. <HI>Di&s;&s;olves that Parlia|ment,</HI> 607. <HI>Burns &s;everal for Religion,</HI> ibid. <HI>She mediates a Peace between the Emperor and King of</HI> France, 616. <HI>It was reported that &s;he was with Child,</HI> ibid. <HI>She encrea&s;es the Per&s;ecution in</HI> England, <HI>ibid. Her Amba&s;&s;a|dors return home from</HI> Rome, 618. <HI>She calls a Parliament, where &s;he propo&s;es the Re&s;titu|tion of the Church-Lands, in vain,</HI> 627.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Martyr (Peter) <HI>comes into</HI> England <HI>and pro|fe&s;&s;es Divinity at</HI> Oxon, 443. <HI>Di&s;putes there about the Lord's Supper,</HI> 483. <HI>Is in trouble upon</HI> Edward<HI>'s Death,</HI> 590. <HI>Applies him|&s;elf to</HI> Cranmer, ibid. <HI>Gets leave to be gone,</HI> ibid. <HI>Goes to</HI> Zurich, 637.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Matthews (John) <HI>a great Prophet among the</HI> Anabapti&s;ts, <HI>commands a Community of Goods,</HI> 194. <HI>Runs</HI> Truteling <HI>through with a Pike by In&s;piration,</HI> ibid. <HI>Is run through him&s;elf by a Soldier,</HI> ibid.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Maurice (<HI>D. of</HI> Saxony) <HI>Marries the Land|grave's Daughter,</HI> 272. <HI>Quarrels with the Elector of</HI> Saxony, 292. <HI>Is wounded in</HI> Hun|gary, 304. <HI>Refu&s;es to enter into the Prote|&s;tant League after his Father's death,</HI> ibid. <HI>Makes Laws for the Government of the Coun|try,</HI> 311. <HI>Endeavours an accommodation be|tween the D. of</HI> Brun&s;wick <HI>and the Land|grave,</HI> 353. <HI>Per&s;wades the D. of</HI> Brun&s;|wick <HI>to &s;urrender,</HI> 354. <HI>Purges him&s;elf of Treachery,</HI> ibid. <HI>Holds a Secret Conference with the Emperor at</HI> Ratisbon, 380. <HI>Has a Conference with K.</HI> Ferdinand, 391. <HI>Calls a Convention of the States at</HI> Chemnitz, 405. <HI>Con&s;ults again&s;t the Prote&s;tants,</HI> ibid. <HI>His Friends write to the Prote&s;tants,</HI> 406. <HI>He writes to the Landgrave,</HI> ibid. <HI>Writes to the Elector,</HI> 409. <HI>And to his Son,</HI> ibid. <HI>Takes mo&s;t of the Electors Towns,</HI> ibid. <HI>Is ill &s;poken of, and Lampoon'd by the Prote&s;tants,</HI> 410. <HI>Publi&s;hes a</HI> Manife&s;to <HI>to clear him&s;elf,</HI> ibid. <HI>Joins</HI> Ferdinand <HI>to go towards</HI> Bohemia, 423. <HI>Intercedes for the Landgrave,</HI> 429. <HI>Writes to the Landgrave to comply,</HI> 430. <HI>Re|ceives</HI> Wittemberg <HI>with the re&s;t of the Ele|ctorate from the Emperor,</HI> 431. <HI>Exacts an Oath of Allegiance of</HI> John Frederick<HI>'s Sub|jects,</HI> ibid. <HI>Promi&s;es the Landgrave to inter|ceed with the Emperor at</HI> Hall, 433. <HI>And Remon&s;trates about it,</HI> ibid. <HI>Receives the</HI> Wittemberg <HI>Divines Graciou&s;ly,</HI> 435. <HI>He is inve&s;ted in the Electorate Solemnly at</HI> Augs|bourg, 457. <HI>Calls a Convention at</HI> Mei&s;&s;en, <HI>who draw up a Form of Religion for</HI> Saxony, 478. <HI>Intercedes with Prince</HI> Philip <HI>for the Landgrave,</HI> ibid. <HI>Writes to the States to clear him&s;elf from the imputation of Popery,</HI> 484. <HI>His Deputies at</HI> Augsbourg <HI>prote&s;t a|gain&s;t the Council of</HI> Trent, 499. <HI>He enga|ges in the Expedition again&s;t the</HI> Magdebour|ghers, 502. <HI>He is made Generali&s;&s;imo of that War,</HI> 503. <HI>He attacks the</HI> Magdebour|ghers, 504. <HI>Defeats</HI> Heideck <HI>and</HI> Mans|feldt, <HI>ibid. He promi&s;es the Landgrave Aid &s;ecretly,</HI> 505. <HI>Routed in a Sally by the</HI> Magdebourghers, <HI>ibid. Propo&s;es Conditions of Peace to the Town,</HI> 515. <HI>Commands his Divines to draw up a Con&s;e&s;&s;ion of their Faith,</HI> ibid. <HI>Demands a &s;afe Conduct for his Divines to go to the Council of</HI> Trent, 516. <HI>Sends the Propo&s;als to the</HI> Magdebourghers <HI>by</HI> Hei|deck, 521. <HI>He holds a Convention about the bu&s;ine&s;s of</HI> Magdebourg, 525. <HI>He takes an Oath of Fidelity from the men of</HI> <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="pdcc" EXTENT="1 letter">atzenelbo|gen, 526. <HI>He concludes a Peace with the City of</HI> Magdebourg, 528. <HI>Complains of the Preachers,</HI> ibid. <HI>Hatches a War again&s;t the Emperor,</HI> 529. <HI>Sends Amba&s;&s;adors to the Emperor about the Landgrave,</HI> 531. <HI>He holds a Conference with Prince</HI> William, <HI>the Land|grave's
<PB REF="59">Son,</HI> 534. <HI>His Amba&s;&s;adors come to</HI> Trent <HI>and declare their In&s;tructions,</HI> 537. <HI>They join with the Agents of</HI> Wirtemberg <HI>and</HI> Strasburg <HI>to &s;ollicite for the hearing of the Prote&s;tants in the Council,</HI> ibid. <HI>The</HI> Saxon <HI>Divines are upon their way to come to the Council,</HI> 541. <HI>The Amba&s;&s;adors complain again&s;t</HI> Pelargus, <HI>ibid.</HI> Maurice <HI>&s;ends Let|ters to his Amba&s;&s;adors,</HI> 542. <HI>They leave</HI> Trent <HI>&s;ecretly,</HI> ibid. <HI>His care for the relea&s;e of the Landgrave,</HI> 549. <HI>He declares War a|gain&s;t the Emperor,</HI> 550. <HI>Takes the Field and joins with Marq.</HI> Albert, 555. <HI>He goes with the other Princes, and be&s;ieges</HI> Ulm, 556. <HI>Treats with</HI> Ferdinand <HI>of Conditions of Peace,</HI> ibid. <HI>Writes to the</HI> French <HI>King,</HI> 558. <HI>His Army Skirmi&s;hes with the Im|periali&s;ts,</HI> 559. <HI>A Mutiny in his Camp for want of Pay,</HI> ibid. <HI>His Soldiers make the Emperor fly from</HI> In&s;pruck, 560. <HI>Which is Plundered,</HI> ibid. <HI>They Publi&s;h a Declaration,</HI> ibid. <HI>He re&s;tores the Outed Mini&s;ters,</HI> ibid. <HI>His Grievances at the Treaty of</HI> Pa&s;&s;aw, 563. <HI>His Propo&s;als at the Treaty,</HI> 566. <HI>He is im|patient of delay, and ha&s;tens</HI> Ferdinand, 568. <HI>He returns to the Confederates,</HI> 569. <HI>Be&s;ieges</HI> Franefort, <HI>ibid. At la&s;t he accepts a Peace,</HI> 571. <HI>Sends his Forces into</HI> Hunga|ry, 573. <HI>Sends Commi&s;&s;ioners to treat with</HI> John Frederick's <HI>Commi&s;&s;ioners to no purpo&s;e,</HI> 577. <HI>Went to</HI> Heidelberg <HI>to mediate between</HI> Albert <HI>and the Bi&s;hops,</HI> 578. <HI>Makes a League with the D. of</HI> Brun&s;wick, <HI>ibid. Declares War again&s;t Marq.</HI> Albert, 581. <HI>He over|comes</HI> Albert, <HI>and is killed in the Fight,</HI> 586. <HI>His Death foretold by Prodigies,</HI> ibid.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Maximilian <HI>(Emperor) holds a Diet at</HI> Augs|bourg, 4. <HI>Writes in</HI> Augu&s;t 1518. <HI>to Pope</HI> Leo <HI>to correct</HI> Luther, <HI>and to put an end to his growing Here&s;ies,</HI> 5. <HI>Dies,</HI> Jan. 12. 1519. 13. <HI>Sends Amba&s;&s;adors to the Council of</HI> Pi&s;a, 26. <HI>Goes off to Pope</HI> Julius, 27. <HI>Sends</HI> Lan|gus <HI>to the</HI> Lateran <HI>Council,</HI> ibid. <HI>Commi&s;&s;i|ons</HI> Hogo&s;trate <HI>and</HI> Reuchlin <HI>to examine</HI> Jew|i&s;h <HI>Books,</HI> 30. <HI>Wars with the</HI> Switzers, 469.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Maximilian (<HI>Son to</HI> Ferdinand) <HI>comes into</HI> Germany <HI>out of</HI> Spain, 505. <HI>Is well belo|ved,</HI> ibid. <HI>He returns home from</HI> Spain, 529. <HI>Is honourably received at</HI> Trent, 535. <HI>Goes to</HI> Bru&s;&s;els, 637.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Mecklenbourg, <HI>vide</HI> George <HI>D. of</HI> Mecklen|bourg.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Mechlin <HI>almo&s;t con&s;umed by Lightning,</HI> 392.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Medices, <HI>the ri&s;e of that Family to Greatne&s;s,</HI> 169.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Meinier <HI>Pre&s;ident of the Parliament of</HI> Aix <HI>per|&s;ecutes the</HI> Walden&s;es, 345. <HI>&V;&s;es the Inha|bitants of</HI> Merindol <HI>and</HI> Cabriers <HI>barba|rou&s;ly,</HI> 345, 346.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Mei&s;&s;en, John <HI>Bi&s;hop of</HI> Mei&s;&s;en, <HI>Oppo&s;es</HI> Lu|ther <HI>about Communion in both kinds,</HI> 25.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Melancthon (Philip) <HI>comes to</HI> Wittemberg, 21. <HI>Goes to</HI> Leipzick, <HI>ib. An&s;wers the</HI> Pa|ri&s;ian <HI>Cen&s;ure of</HI> Luther<HI>'s Books,</HI> 47. <HI>Comes to the Diet at</HI> Augsbourg, 127. <HI>One of the Prote&s;tant Deputies there to mediate an Ac|commodation,</HI> 132. <HI>Very much di&s;con&s;olate,</HI> 140. <HI>Comforted by</HI> Luther, <HI>ibid. Comes to</HI> Cologne, 310. <HI>Defends</HI> Bucer, 311. <HI>His Opinion about Indifferent Things,</HI> 481. <HI>He draws up a Confe&s;&s;ion of Faith for the</HI> Saxon <HI>Divines,</HI> 515. <HI>Congratulates</HI> John Frede|rick<HI>'s &s;afe Return home,</HI> 574. <HI>Sends Letters of Comfort to the Bani&s;hed</HI> Bohemian <HI>Prea|chers,</HI> 613.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Mendoza <HI>&s;ent by the Emperor to the Council of</HI> Trent, 360. <HI>Amba&s;&s;ador to</HI> Strasbourg, 419. <HI>His Speech to the Pope about the Coun|cil from the Emperor,</HI> 443. <HI>Sends the Pope's An&s;wer to the Emperor,</HI> 445.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Mentz, <HI>the Seat of the Elector, four</HI> German <HI>miles from</HI> Francfort, 13. <HI>Elector of</HI> Mentz, <HI>vide</HI> Albert. <HI>The Elector approves the</HI> Inte|rim <HI>craftily in the Diet,</HI> 460. <HI>Sends the Pope's</HI> Indult <HI>into the Landgraviate,</HI> 483. <HI>Denies to Regi&s;ter</HI> Manrice<HI>'s Prote&s;tation a|gain&s;t a Council,</HI> 499. <HI>He leaves</HI> Trent, 543. <HI>He flies from</HI> Albert <HI>of</HI> Brandenbourg, 567. <HI>He dies,</HI> 614.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Mersburgh, <HI>Bi&s;hops An&s;wer to</HI> Luther, 33.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Milan, <HI>the Council removed thither from</HI> Pi&s;a, 27.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Miltitz (Charles) <HI>Bedchamber man to Pope</HI> Leo, <HI>vide</HI> Wittemberg. Miltitz <HI>&s;ent by</HI> Leo <HI>to</HI> Frederick <HI>again&s;t</HI> Luther, 12. <HI>Treats with</HI> Luther, 23. <HI>And the</HI> Augu&s;tine <HI>Friars con|cerning him,</HI> ibid.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Minden <HI>pro&s;cribed by the Imperial Chamber,</HI> 245.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Mirandula (Joannes Picus) <HI>his Books Cen&s;ured,</HI> 28.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Monte (<HI>Cardinal</HI> de) <HI>the Pope's Legate at</HI> Bo|nonia, <HI>His An&s;wer to the Pope's Letter,</HI> 444. <HI>His In&s;olent &V;&s;age of</HI> Vargas <HI>the Emperor's Amba&s;&s;ador at</HI> Bononia, 446, 447. <HI>Made Pope, and called</HI> Julius III. 492.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Montmorency (Anne) <HI>made Con&s;table of</HI> France, 239. <HI>Is in di&s;grace,</HI> 277. <HI>Gains Favour with</HI> Henry II. <HI>King of</HI> France. <HI>Takes</HI> Metz <HI>for the</HI> French <HI>King,</HI> 555. <HI>His Treaty with the Deputies of</HI> Strasbourg, 557.</ITEM>
<ITEM>More (<HI>Sir</HI> Thomas) <HI>Chancellor of</HI> England, 180. <HI>Beheaded for not denying the Pope's Supremacy,</HI> Ibid.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Morin (John) <HI>under-Provo&s;t of</HI> Paris <HI>pro&s;ecutes the Prote&s;tants &s;everely,</HI> 175.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Morone (John) <HI>Legate to P.</HI> Paul III. <HI>at</HI> Spire, 291.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Mulea&s;&s;es <HI>K. of</HI> Tunis <HI>outed of his Country comes to</HI> Augsbourg, 457.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Muncer (Thomas) <HI>begins to Preach in</HI> Fran|conia, 52. <HI>An account of his Enthu&s;ia&s;m,</HI> 83. <HI>Settles at</HI> Mulhau&s;en, 84. <HI>Turns out by the Rabbles help all the Magi&s;trates,</HI> ibid. <HI>Joyns with the Boors of</HI> Swabia <HI>and</HI> Franco|nia,
<PB REF="60"><HI>Ibid. Is routed by Count</HI> Mansfield, <HI>Ibid. Retires with his Gang to</HI> Franck-hau|&s;en, <HI>Ibid. His Speech to the Rabble,</HI> 85. <HI>His men frighted,</HI> 86. <HI>Routed by the Princes Army,</HI> Ibid. 5000. <HI>of them taken,</HI> Ibid. Muncer <HI>taken at</HI> Franck-hau&s;en, <HI>Ibid. Rack|ed to confe&s;s his accomplices,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Behead|ed,</HI> Ibid.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Mun&s;ter <HI>a City in</HI> We&s;tphalia <HI>po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ed by the Anabapti&s;ts,</HI> 174. <HI>The Senate E&s;tabli&s;h the Reformed Religion there,</HI> 191. <HI>They make a treaty with the Bi&s;hop,</HI> 192. <HI>Bani&s;h the Anabapti&s;ts,</HI> Ibid. <HI>They are Tumultuous there,</HI> 193. <HI>It is be&s;ieged by its Bi&s;hop,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Who is a&s;&s;i&s;ted by the Neighbouring Princes,</HI> 194. <HI>A great Famine in the City,</HI> 198. <HI>The Princes threaten to &s;end the Force of the Empire upon them,</HI> 197.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Murner (Thomas) <HI>a Franci&s;can Friar com|plains to</HI> Campegio <HI>again&s;t the Senate of</HI> Strasbourg, 73.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Mu&s;culus (Wolfgangus.) <HI>flies from</HI> Augs|bourg <HI>to</HI> Bern <HI>for not &s;ub&s;cribing the</HI> Inte|rim, 461.</ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<HEAD>N.</HEAD>
<ITEM>NAples <HI>a &s;edition there becau&s;e of the Inqui|&s;ition,</HI> 434.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Na&s;&s;aw <HI>(Count of) de&s;ires the Elector of</HI> Sax|ony <HI>to come to the Diet at</HI> Spire, 152. Hen|ry <HI>of</HI> Na&s;&s;aw Charles V's. <HI>General in</HI> Picar|dy, 208. <HI>&V;n&s;ucce&s;sful there,</HI> Ibid. Wil|liam, <HI>Son to Count</HI> Na&s;&s;aw <HI>&s;ucceeds the Prince of</HI> Orange, 327.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Naves <HI>di&s;cour&s;es with Count</HI> Solmes <HI>about the War de&s;igned again&s;t the Prote&s;tants,</HI> 357. <HI>Speaks to the Landgrave at</HI> Spire <HI>in the Em|perors name,</HI> 368. <HI>Dies,</HI> 419.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Naumbourg, <HI>the Chapter choo&s;e</HI> Phlugius <HI>for their Bi&s;hop,</HI> 288.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Netherlands, <HI>Reformation gets footing there,</HI> 341.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Northumberland (John <HI>D. of</HI>) <HI>Marries his Son</HI> Guilford Dudley <HI>to the Lady</HI> Jane Gray, 580. <HI>Is &s;iezed on at</HI> Cambridge, 589. <HI>And beheaded by Q.</HI> Mary, <HI>Ibid.</HI></ITEM>
<ITEM>Nuremberg, <HI>a Diet convened thither,</HI> 51. <HI>Their Mini&s;ters accu&s;ed to the Popes Legate,</HI> 62. <HI>The Acts of the Diet Publi&s;hed,</HI> 63. <HI>The treaty of Pacification removed hither from</HI> Schurnfurt, 160. <HI>A Peace is there concluded,</HI> Ibid. <HI>A Holy League there drawn up among&s;t the Popi&s;h Princes,</HI> 245. <HI>Another Diet there,</HI> 298. <HI>The decree of that Diet,</HI> 299. <HI>The</HI> Netherlands <HI>Amba&s;|&s;adors accu&s;e the D. of</HI> Cleve <HI>in the Diet,</HI> 306. <HI>The Decree of the Diet,</HI> 307. <HI>Their quarrels with</HI> Albert <HI>of</HI> Brandenbourg, 561. <HI>Vide</HI> Albert, <HI>their An&s;wer to</HI> Albert<HI>'s Re|mon&s;trance,</HI> 599.</ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<HEAD>O</HEAD>
<ITEM>O Ber&s;teyn (Ulrick <HI>Count</HI>) <HI>made General of the Army again&s;t the</HI> Mun&s;ter <HI>mad Men,</HI> 197. <HI>His Soldiers are tumultuous for want of Pay,</HI> 200. <HI>He carries the Town at la&s;t,</HI> 201.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Ockham (William) <HI>Condemned by the &V;ni|ver&s;ity of</HI> Paris, 28. <HI>What his Doctrine,</HI> 29.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Oecolampadius (John) <HI>Preaches at</HI> Ba&s;il, 76. <HI>He embraces the Doctrine of</HI> Zuingli|us, 97. <HI>Di&s;putes at</HI> Bern, 111. <HI>Meets</HI> Luther <HI>at</HI> Marpurg, 121. <HI>Dies,</HI> 156.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Orleans, <HI>vide</HI> Franci&s;can <HI>Friars.</HI></ITEM>
<ITEM><HI>D. of</HI> Orleans <HI>dies,</HI> 352.</ITEM>
<ITEM>O&s;iander <HI>comes to</HI> Marpurg <HI>to the Conference betwixt</HI> Luther <HI>and</HI> Zuinglius, 121. <HI>Sets up a new Sect about Ju&s;tification in</HI> Pru&s;&s;ia, 511. <HI>Rails again&s;t</HI> Melancthon <HI>and the</HI> Saxon <HI>Divines,</HI> 512. <HI>Dies at</HI> Coningsberg, 575. <HI>His Sect in</HI> Pru&s;&s;ia <HI>promi&s;e to &s;ub|mit to the</HI> Augu&s;tane <HI>Confe&s;&s;ion,</HI> 632.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Otho <HI>Prince</HI> Palatine <HI>Embraces the Prote&s;tant Religion,</HI> 300. <HI>Recovers his Country, and Joyns with the Confederate Princes,</HI> 556.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Oxford, <HI>a di&s;pute there concerning the Lord's Supper,</HI> 483.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Oxline (John) <HI>a Mini&s;ter carried by force from his Hou&s;e by the Governour of</HI> Ture|gie, 76. <HI>This Occa&s;ions the</HI> Canton <HI>of</HI> Zu|rich <HI>to remon&s;trate,</HI> 77.</ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<HEAD>P.</HEAD>
<ITEM>PAlatine (George) <HI>vide</HI> Spires.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Palatine <HI>(Prince) vide</HI> Lewis, <HI>vide</HI> Otho.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Palaeologus (John) <HI>Emperor of</HI> Con&s;tanti|nople <HI>comes to the Council of</HI> Ferrara, 10.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Pall, <HI>the exce&s;&s;ive charge of it,</HI> 273. <HI>The Ceremony of its Con&s;ecration,</HI> 274.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Pa&s;&s;aw <HI>a Treaty there,</HI> 563. <HI>The Princes Mediators there an&s;wer</HI> Maurice<HI>'s Grievan|ces,</HI> 564. <HI>And they an&s;wer the</HI> French <HI>Amba&s;&s;adors Speech,</HI> 565. <HI>They exhort the Emperor to a Peace by Letters,</HI> 566. <HI>They an&s;wer the Emperors Letters,</HI> 568. <HI>The heads of the Pacifitation,</HI> 572.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Paris <HI>Doctors of that &V;niver&s;ity appealed again&s;t</HI> P. Leo <HI>for Abrogating the Pragmatick Sanction,</HI> 10. <HI>Cen&s;ure the Books of</HI> Reuch|lin, 30. <HI>And condemn</HI> Luther<HI>'s Books,</HI> 47. <HI>An Account of the Faculty of Divinity at</HI> Paris, 48. <HI>A Young Gentleman of</HI> Thou|lou&s;e <HI>burnt there for Religion,</HI> 239. <HI>They are &s;evere upon the</HI> Lutherans, 296. <HI>The manner of Proceedings upon him,</HI> 297. <HI>Their Divines at</HI> Melun <HI>draw up Articles again&s;t the Reformation,</HI> 342. <HI>The Parliament an|&s;wers the K. of</HI> France<HI>'s Edict,</HI> 619.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Paul III. (Farne&s;e) <HI>cho&s;en Pope,</HI> 174. <HI>In|&s;tructs</HI>
<PB REF="60">Vergerius <HI>how to &s;tave off a Council,</HI> 175. <HI>I&s;&s;ues out Bulls to call a Council,</HI> 206. <HI>And others to reform the Vices of</HI> Rome, 209. <HI>Prorogues the Council called at</HI> Man|tua, 230. <HI>Is Sollicitous to reconcile the Em|peror and the King of</HI> France, 232. <HI>Ap|points a Committee of Cardinals to Examine the Corruptions of the Church of</HI> Rome, 233. <HI>Nominates</HI> Vicenza <HI>for the Se&s;&s;ion of the Council,</HI> 238. <HI>Returns to</HI> Rome, 241. <HI>Prorogues the Council without Limitation,</HI> 250. <HI>Sends his Legate to the Emperor,</HI> 264. <HI>Makes War upon</HI> Perugia, 266. <HI>The Speech of his Legate at the Diet of</HI> Spire, 291. <HI>Allows a Council to be held at</HI> Trent, 292. <HI>Sends Cardinals to mediate between the</HI> French <HI>K. and the Emperor,</HI> 303. <HI>Com|mends the Chapter of</HI> Cologne <HI>in a Letter to them,</HI> 313. <HI>Writes an An&s;wer to the Let|ter of the Princes,</HI> 320. <HI>Writes a &s;harp Letter to the Emperor to chide him for the De|cree of</HI> Spires, 337. <HI>Creates &s;everal Car|dinals,</HI> 340. <HI>Summons the Council once more to</HI> Trent, <HI>Ibid. Endeavours to rai&s;e a War again&s;t the</HI> Lutherans, 348. <HI>Sends his Legates to</HI> Trent, 360. <HI>Writes to the</HI> Swi&s;&s;e <HI>Bi&s;hops to come to the Council of</HI> Trent, 374. <HI>Excommunicates the Arch-Bi&s;hop of</HI> Cologne, <HI>Ibid. Writes to the</HI> Switzers <HI>to per&s;wade them to joyn again&s;t the Prote&s;tants,</HI> 382. <HI>He publi&s;hes a Bull declaring the cau&s;es of the War again&s;t the Prote&s;tants,</HI> 388. <HI>Makes the Count</HI> Schawenbourg <HI>Arch-Bi|&s;hop of</HI> Cologne, 417. <HI>His an&s;wer to the Cardinal of</HI> Trent <HI>and</HI> Mendoza, 444. <HI>His Letter to his Legate at</HI> Bononia, <HI>Ibid. His an&s;wer to the Emperors Amba&s;&s;ador,</HI> 445. <HI>And Letter to the</HI> German <HI>Bi&s;hops,</HI> ibid. <HI>His an&s;wer to the Emperors, Amba&s;&s;adors, to ju&s;tifie the removal of the Council to</HI> Bono|nia, 450. <HI>His animadver&s;ions upon the</HI> In|terim, 459. <HI>Sends Legates into</HI> Ger|many, 473. <HI>Who bring an Indulgence or Indult of &s;everal things,</HI> 482. <HI>He dies,</HI> 487. <HI>Libels come out again&s;t him with accounts of his horrid Lu&s;ts,</HI> 488. <HI>His Funeral,</HI> ibid. <HI>He in&s;tituted the order of the Je&s;uits,</HI> 615.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Paul IV. (Caraffa) <HI>cho&s;en Pope,</HI> 615.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Pelargus (Ambro&s;e) <HI>Reflects in&s;olently upon the Prote&s;tants in the Council of</HI> Trent, 541.</ITEM>
<ITEM>De Pen&s;ier <HI>a</HI> Lutheran <HI>Divine recants at</HI> Pa|ris, 309.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Pe&s;cara, <HI>vide</HI> d' Avalos.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Peter Pence, <HI>what,</HI> 170.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Petro Aloi&s;io, P. Paul III's <HI>Ba&s;tard, D. of</HI> Parma <HI>and</HI> Piacenza, 438. <HI>Is A&s;&s;a&s;&s;ina|ted at</HI> Piacenza, 439. <HI>His flagitious life,</HI> Ibid.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Phefecorn (John) <HI>a Convert Jew,</HI> 29. <HI>His Petition to</HI> Maximilian, <HI>Ibid. Writes a|gain&s;t</HI> Reuchlin, 30.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Phifer <HI>a Companion of</HI> Muncer<HI>'s,</HI> 84.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Philip <HI>Landgrave of</HI> He&s;&s;e, <HI>his Spaech to his Soldiers again&s;t</HI> Muncer, 85. <HI>His di&s;cour&s;e with</HI> Muncer, 86. <HI>Arms for fear of a Con|feder my again&s;t the Re&s;erned Religion,</HI> 114. <HI>Departs privately from the Diet at</HI> Augs|bourg, 131. <HI>Makes a League for &s;ix years with the Reformed</HI> Switzers, 141. <HI>An&s;wers the Arbitrators,</HI> 154. <HI>Endenvours to re&s;tore</HI> Ulric <HI>Duke of</HI> Wirtemberg, 169. <HI>And brings it about,</HI> 173. <HI>Writes to acquaint the Emperor with his Proceedings for Duke</HI> Ulric, 174. <HI>Makes his &s;ubmi&s;&s;ion to</HI> Ferdinand <HI>a|bout</HI> Ulric<HI>'s bu&s;ine&s;s,</HI> 179. <HI>Commands his Divines to an&s;wer the An<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="pdcc" EXTENT="1 letter">thapti&s;ts Books,</HI> 198. <HI>He &s;ends an an&s;wer to their mad Propo&s;als,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Goes to the Convention at</HI> Ey&s;enach, 244. <HI>Intercepts the D. of</HI> Brun&s;wick<HI>'s Letter,</HI> 246. <HI>He Writes in his own Vindi|cation to the</HI> German <HI>Princes,</HI> 247. <HI>Ex|cau&s;es the D. of</HI> Wirtemberg <HI>to K.</HI> Francis <HI>by Letter,</HI> 249. <HI>He an&s;wers the Emperors Letter about a Pacification,</HI> 263. <HI>Joyns with the Elector of</HI> Saxony <HI>again&s;t the D. of</HI> Brun&s;wick, 298. <HI>Oppo&s;es the Duke of</HI> Brun&s;wick, 353. <HI>Submits to an accommoda|tion,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Receives the D. of</HI> Brun&s;wick <HI>upon &s;urrender,</HI> 354. <HI>Writes to the Empe|ror concerning him,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Writes again,</HI> 355. <HI>An&s;wers the Emperors Letter,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Writes to</HI> Granvel <HI>about the War intended again&s;t the Prote&s;tants,</HI> 356. <HI>Writes to</HI> Naves <HI>about the &s;ame bu&s;ine&s;s,</HI> 358. <HI>Goes to</HI> Spire <HI>to Meet the Emperor,</HI> 368. <HI>Treats with him,</HI> Ibid. <HI>And with</HI> Granvel <HI>and</HI> Naves, 370. <HI>And with the Emperor a|gain,</HI> 373. <HI>Is courteou&s;ly di&s;mi&s;&s;ed,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Sends notice to</HI> Ratisbon <HI>of the Emperors Preparations,</HI> 376. <HI>He arms again&s;t the Emperor,</HI> 384. <HI>His Forces,</HI> 388. <HI>He &s;ends his Son</HI> William <HI>to</HI> Strasbourg, <HI>ibid. Refu&s;es to Confer with the Duke of</HI> Brun&s;wick, <HI>ibid. His Men skirmi&s;h with the</HI> Spaniards, 395. <HI>His bold advice to &s;et upon the Emperor,</HI> 397. <HI>Comes near the Imperta|li&s;ts with his Army,</HI> 404. <HI>A Skirmi&s;h between him and the Prince of</HI> Sulmona, 407. <HI>His Letter to the</HI> Mauricians, <HI>ibid. And to</HI> Mau|rice, 408. <HI>Is in danger upon the Retreat of the Army,</HI> 412. <HI>Writes to</HI> Maurice <HI>his Son-in-Law,</HI> ib. <HI>He rejects the Emperor's Propo&s;als,</HI> 423. <HI>He ju&s;tifies him&s;elf from the Reproaches about Surprizing</HI> Francfort, 426. <HI>Is invited to come to</HI> Leipzick, 429. <HI>Articles of Peace are propo&s;ed to him,</HI> 430. <HI>Which he accepts,</HI> 431. <HI>Goes to</HI> Hall <HI>to the Emperor,</HI> 433. <HI>Signs the Articles, and &s;ubmits to the &s;ame in Per|&s;on,</HI> ibid. <HI>Is detained Pri&s;oner,</HI> 433. <HI>Let|ters are &s;pread abroad in his Name as if he allowed of the</HI> Interim, 463. <HI>Is carried Pri|&s;oner into</HI> Flanders, 473. <HI>And &s;ent to</HI> Ou|denard, 474. <HI>His Subjects refu&s;e the</HI> Inte|rim, 477. <HI>New Interce&s;&s;ions for him in vain,</HI> 479. <HI>The Mini&s;ters in his Country refu&s;e the Pope's</HI> Indult, 483. <HI>He attempts an e|&s;cape,</HI>
<PB REF="61">504. <HI>Not &s;ucceeding, is kept clo&s;e Pri|&s;oner,</HI> 505. <HI>He relieves the Oppre&s;&s;ed Mini|&s;ters Liberally,</HI> 517. <HI>He is &s;et at liberty, and &s;topt again,</HI> 373. <HI>He returns into his own Country,</HI> 574. <HI>He accepts a Mediation in the Difference with the Count of</HI> Na&s;&s;aw, <HI>about</HI> Catzenelbogen, 617. <HI>Which &s;till keeps in Su&s;pence,</HI> 620. <HI>Has a Meeting with</HI> Au|gu&s;tus <HI>Elector of</HI> Saxony, 633.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Philip <HI>Prince</HI> Palatine <HI>Governor of</HI> Vienna <HI>when</HI> Solyman <HI>be&s;ieged it,</HI> 121. <HI>Forces him to rai&s;e his Siege,</HI> Ibid.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Philip <HI>Son to</HI> Charles V. <HI>comes through the</HI> Ne|therlands <HI>into</HI> Italy, 477. <HI>Is received at</HI> Genoa, <HI>Ibid. And at</HI> Milan, 478. <HI>Goes into</HI> Germany, Ibid. <HI>Enters</HI> Bru&s;&s;els, 479. <HI>Homage is done to him in the Low Countries,</HI> 485. <HI>He marries Queen</HI> Mary <HI>in</HI> England, 604. <HI>He has</HI> Naples <HI>and the Kingdom of</HI> Je|ru&s;alem, <HI>Ibid. With the Dutchy of</HI> Mi|lan <HI>re&s;igned to him,</HI> 605. <HI>Goes into</HI> Flan|ders <HI>to meet his Father,</HI> 618. <HI>He enters up|on the Government of the</HI> Netherlands, Ibid. <HI>Sends Amba&s;&s;adors into</HI> Germany <HI>to acquaint them with his New Government,</HI> 628.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Phlugius (Julius) <HI>vide</HI> Gropper. <HI>Cho&s;en by the Chapter of</HI> Naumbourg <HI>to be their Bi|&s;hop,</HI> 288. <HI>Is admitted one of the Pre&s;i|dents of the Conference at</HI> Ratisbon, 359. <HI>A&s;&s;i&s;ts in drawing up the</HI> Interim, 454.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Phlugius (Ca&s;par) <HI>heads the</HI> Bohemian <HI>Confederates,</HI> 423. <HI>Is condemned of High Trea&s;on,</HI> 434.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Picards, <HI>a Sect of the</HI> Bohemians, 53.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Picus, <HI>vide</HI> Mirandula.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Pi&s;a, <HI>Council there,</HI> 26. <HI>Called by Cardinals,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Rea&s;ons of &s;o doing,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Su&s;pends</HI> P. Julius, 27. <HI>Remove to</HI> Milan, <HI>Ibid.</HI></ITEM>
<ITEM><HI>P.</HI> Pius<HI>'s Decree concerning appeals,</HI> 35. <HI>He al|tered his Opinion from what it was at the Coun|cil of</HI> Ba&s;il, 36. <HI>Excommunicates</HI> Sigi&s;|mund, <HI>ibid.</HI></ITEM>
<ITEM>Poiet (William) <HI>Chancellor of</HI> France <HI>di&s;graced,</HI> 299.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Pool (Reginald <HI>Cardinal</HI>) <HI>&s;ent Nuncio from the Pope to the</HI> French <HI>King,</HI> 210. <HI>Writes a Book called a Defence of Eccle&s;ia&s;tical &V;nity,</HI> ibid. <HI>Made Cardinal by P.</HI> Paul III. 211. <HI>Lo&s;es the Popedom on &s;u&s;picion of</HI> Luthera|ni&s;m, 490. <HI>Is detained in</HI> Germany <HI>by the Emperor,</HI> 594. <HI>Returns into</HI> England, 605. <HI>Reconciles the Nation to the See of</HI> Rome, 606. <HI>Writes to the Emperor and King of</HI> France <HI>to mediate a Peace,</HI> 615.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Popes <HI>anciently &s;ubject to Emperors,</HI> 38.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Pragmatick <HI>Sanction, vide</HI> Paris.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Prie&s;ts, <HI>the Ceremony of their Degradation,</HI> 64.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Prietias (Sylve&s;ter) <HI>writes again&s;t</HI> Luther, 3. <HI>He a&s;&s;erts the Pope to be ab&s;olute head of the Church,</HI> ibid. <HI>Replies to</HI> Luther, 4.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Princes <HI>of the Empire di&s;agree about the Empe|ror's Letter again&s;t:</HI> Luther, 44. <HI>Complain of the Pope's Proceedings in the Affairs of</HI> Germany, 60. <HI>Return an An&s;wer to</HI> Adri|an<HI>'s Letter to the Diet,</HI> ibid. <HI>Draw up an ac|count of the Grievances of</HI> Germany, <HI>which they gave to the Pope's Legate,</HI> 63. <HI>Their an&s;wer to</HI> Campegio<HI>'s Speech at</HI> Nurem|berg, 68. <HI>They write to</HI> Charles V. <HI>to make ha&s;te into</HI> Germany, 108. <HI>They write again,</HI> 110. <HI>Write from</HI> Spire <HI>to the Se|nate at</HI> Strasburg, 116. <HI>Princes of the Re|formed Religion Prote&s;t again&s;t the Decree of</HI> Spire, 119. <HI>Deliberate about a League a|mong&s;t all Prote&s;tants in</HI> Germany, 122. <HI>They an&s;wer the Emperors Propo&s;als at</HI> Augs|bourg, 133. <HI>Several of the Princes declare upon what Terms they allow a King of the</HI> Ro|mans, 157. <HI>Prote&s;tant Princes refu&s;e a league with</HI> Francis <HI>again&s;t the Emperor,</HI> 187. <HI>Tho&s;e a&s;&s;embled at</HI> Coblentz <HI>write &s;everely to the Anabapti&s;ts at</HI> Mun&s;ter, 197. <HI>Catholick Princes Opinion at</HI> Ratisbon, 281. <HI>They an|&s;wer the Legates Letter,</HI> 283. <HI>They Inter|ceed for the D. of</HI> Cleve, <HI>Ibid. Some of them writes to the Pope,</HI> 320. <HI>The Popi&s;h Princes &s;eparate an&s;wer at the Diet at</HI> Wormes, 344. <HI>They write to the</HI> Bremers, 501. <HI>They meet at</HI> Noremberg, 512. <HI>Several Princes &s;end Amba&s;&s;adors to the Emperor to interceed for the Landgrave's Liberty,</HI> 533. <HI>Others de&s;ire the</HI> Erench <HI>King to de&s;i&s;t from his inroads in|to</HI> Germany, 558. <HI>A Convention of them meet at</HI> Francfort, 579. <HI>They write to the Emperor about the Peace,</HI> 616.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Prote&s;tant <HI>Princes, vide Princes, vide Prote&s;tant.</HI></ITEM>
<ITEM>Prote&s;tants, <HI>the Original of the Name,</HI> 120. <HI>their Amba&s;&s;adors had audience of</HI> Charles <HI>at</HI> Piacenza, 123. <HI>They appeal to his An&s;wer,</HI> 125. <HI>They con&s;ult of a League at</HI> Smalcald, ibid. <HI>And quarrel about Religion,</HI> ibid. <HI>Break up without a final Re&s;olution,</HI> ibid. <HI>The Pro|te&s;tant Deputies meet at</HI> Noremberg, 126. <HI>Re&s;olve that Religion &s;hould be debated at</HI> Augs|bourg, 129. <HI>Pre&s;ent a Confe&s;&s;ion of Faith to the Emperor,</HI> ibid. <HI>Pre&s;s to have it read,</HI> ibid. <HI>The Prote&s;tants defend the</HI> Augu&s;tane <HI>Confe&s;&s;ion in writing,</HI> 131. <HI>An&s;wer</HI> Tru|ch&s;es<HI>'s Speech,</HI> 134. <HI>They debate with the Emperor about Religion,</HI> 135. <HI>They leave the Diet,</HI> 137. <HI>The Deputies of the A&s;&s;ociate Princes demand liberty of Con&s;cience from the Diet at</HI> Augsbourg, 139. <HI>The Prote&s;tant Princes write to the Kings of</HI> France <HI>and</HI> En|gland <HI>to wipe of tho&s;e Calumnies which had been thrown upon them,</HI> 145. <HI>They &s;ummon all the Prote&s;tant Confederates to</HI> Smalcald, 147. <HI>They &s;ollicite the</HI> Dane <HI>and Northern Princes, and Free Cities to join with them,</HI> ib. <HI>Their An&s;wer to the Emperor's Summons,</HI> 149. <HI>the Prote&s;tant Princes refu&s;e to acknowledge</HI> Ferdinand <HI>K. of the</HI> Romans, 151. <HI>They an&s;wer the Amba&s;&s;adors of the Elector of</HI> Mentz <HI>and the</HI> Palatine <HI>at</HI> Smalcald, 153. <HI>Both parties of the Prote&s;tants have a good under&s;tanding about the Lords Supper,</HI> 159,
<PB REF="61"><HI>Their Conditions of Pacification,</HI> ibid. <HI>They give in a full an&s;wer,</HI> 164. <HI>Their decrees in order to a Council,</HI> 167. <HI>They give in their An&s;wer to</HI> Vergerius<HI>'s Propo&s;als for a Council,</HI> 181. <HI>They meet at</HI> Smalcald, <HI>ibid. Their an&s;wer to the</HI> French <HI>Amba&s;&s;a|dor at</HI> Smalcald, 185. <HI>Their an&s;wer to the</HI> Engli&s;h <HI>Amba&s;&s;ador,</HI> 188. <HI>They pro|te&s;t again&s;t the Proceedings of the</HI> Imperial Chamber, <HI>which &s;hall be contrary to</HI> Charles <HI>and</HI> Ferdinand<HI>'s Decrees,</HI> 189. <HI>They draw up Articles of a League with</HI> Henry VIII. 204. <HI>They meet at</HI> Francfort, 206. <HI>And receive &s;everal Cities into the League,</HI> ibid. <HI>They break off Corre&s;pondence with</HI> Henry VIII. Ibid. <HI>They &s;end Complaints to the Emperor again&s;t the Pro&s;ecutions of the</HI> Im|perial Chamber, 208. <HI>They an&s;wer the Emperors Letter,</HI> 209. <HI>They meet at</HI> Smal|cald, 212. <HI>Their an&s;wer to</HI> Eldo <HI>the Em|perors Amba&s;&s;ador,</HI> 215. <HI>Their rejoynder upon</HI> Eldo<HI>'s reply,</HI> 221. <HI>Their Decrees at</HI> Smalcald, 226. <HI>Their Rea&s;ons why they refu&s;e to Meet at</HI> Mantua, <HI>whither P.</HI> Paul III. <HI>had conven'd them,</HI> Ibid. <HI>They &s;end Rea&s;ons of their Actions to K.</HI> Francis, 230. <HI>The Prote&s;tant Princes meet at</HI> Brun&s;|wick, 239. <HI>Their An&s;wer at</HI> Ey&s;enach, 244. <HI>They call a Convention at</HI> Arn&s;tadt, 251. <HI>They &s;end Amba&s;&s;adors to the Empe|ror into</HI> Flanders, 253. <HI>They write to the</HI> French <HI>King,</HI> 254. <HI>They meet at</HI> Smal|cald, 255. <HI>They an&s;wer the Amba&s;&s;adors &s;ent by</HI> Granvel <HI>to procure a Pacification,</HI> 257. <HI>They an&s;wer King</HI> Henry<HI>'s Propo&s;i|tions,</HI> 262. <HI>Make a Decree to interceed with the</HI> French <HI>King for the Prote&s;tants if he would not take it ill,</HI> Ibid. <HI>And re&s;olve to oppo&s;e the Proceedings of the</HI> Imperial Cham|ber, <HI>ibid. Their an&s;wer to King</HI> Ferdi|nand<HI>'s Propo&s;als at</HI> Haguenaw, 268. <HI>Their An&s;wers to the Emperors Propo&s;als,</HI> 276. <HI>They interceed with the</HI> French <HI>King for the Prote&s;tants,</HI> 277. <HI>They addre&s;s to the Emperor in the Diet,</HI> 279. <HI>Their an&s;wer to</HI> Contarini<HI>'s Papers,</HI> 280. <HI>They Petiti|on the Emperor,</HI> 281. <HI>They an&s;wer</HI> Con|tarini<HI>'s Letter again&s;t a National Council,</HI> 283. <HI>They ab&s;olutely decline the Jurisdicti|on of the</HI> Imperial Chamber, 304. <HI>They Petition</HI> Ferdinand <HI>at the Diet of</HI> Norem|berg, 306. <HI>They oppo&s;e the decree of the Diet,</HI> 307. <HI>They meet at</HI> Smalcald, 312. <HI>Send Amba&s;&s;adors to the Emperor at</HI> Spire, <HI>ibid. They meet at</HI> Francfort, 317. <HI>They prote&s;t again&s;t the Duke of</HI> Brun&s;wick<HI>'s voting at the Diet,</HI> 319. <HI>They accu&s;e the Duke of</HI> Brun&s;wick <HI>publickly in the Diet,</HI> 322. <HI>They per&s;i&s;t in their Accu&s;ation,</HI> 323. <HI>Their an&s;wer to</HI> Ferdinand <HI>at</HI> Wormes, 344. <HI>Their Petition to him,</HI> 345. <HI>The Prote&s;tants meet at</HI> Francfort, 356. <HI>Re|ports are &s;pread of a War again&s;t them,</HI> ibid. <HI>Another meeting at</HI> Francfort, 357. <HI>They &s;end Deputies to interceed for the Ele|ctor of</HI> Cologne, <HI>ibid. They are accu&s;ed of a Con&s;piracy,</HI> ibid. <HI>They &s;till urge the bu&s;ine&s;s of</HI> Cologne, 360. <HI>The Prote&s;tants Deputies meet at</HI> Wormes, 373. <HI>They complain at</HI> Ratisbon <HI>that</HI> Diazi<HI>'s Murder was unrevenged,</HI> 374. <HI>Their Opinion of the Council of</HI> Trent, 375. <HI>They are appre|hen&s;ive of War,</HI> ibid. <HI>They demand the rea&s;on of the Preparations,</HI> 376. <HI>Their Deputies return home from</HI> Ratisbon, 380. <HI>The fir&s;t of their Commanders,</HI> ibid. <HI>Their Deputies meet at</HI> Ulm, 381. <HI>They &s;end to the</HI> Venetians <HI>and</HI> Gri&s;ons, <HI>ibid. They &s;end Amba&s;&s;adors to the</HI> Switzers, 383. <HI>They Petition the Emperor,</HI> 384. <HI>They &s;end Am|ba&s;&s;adors to</HI> France <HI>and</HI> England, 385. <HI>They write to the Marque&s;s of</HI> Branden|bourg <HI>to di&s;&s;wade him from a&s;&s;i&s;ting the Em|peror,</HI> 387. <HI>They publi&s;h a</HI> Manife&s;to <HI>a|gain&s;t him,</HI> Ibid. <HI>Their fir&s;t exploits in the War,</HI> 388. <HI>They write to the D. of</HI> Bavaria, 392. <HI>Their demands of the</HI> Switzers, 393. <HI>They declare War again&s;t the Emperor,</HI> ibid. <HI>They di&s;pute what Title to give the Emperor,</HI> 394. <HI>They march to</HI> Ratisbon, <HI>ibid. The names of the principal Confederates,</HI> 395. <HI>The</HI> Spaniards <HI>break into their Camp,</HI> ibid. <HI>Their over&s;ight in not taking the Landgrave's advice,</HI> 397. <HI>Their addre&s;s to the</HI> Bohe|mians, 399. <HI>Their Declaration concern|ing Incendiaries &s;ent out by the Pope,</HI> ibid. <HI>Their an&s;wer to the In&s;trument of Pro&s;cri|ption,</HI> ibid. <HI>They rai&s;e their Camp from</HI> In|gol&s;tadt, 403. <HI>They write to the reformed</HI> Switzers, 404. <HI>They lo&s;e an opportunity of taking the Emperor at</HI> Grienghen, 407. <HI>Their Council of War writes to</HI> Maurice, 408. <HI>They write to &s;everal Imperial Cities and Princes to joyn with them,</HI> ibid. <HI>The Confederates Deputies meet at</HI> Ulm, 409. <HI>An&s;wer the Elector of</HI> Saxony<HI>'s demands,</HI> ibid. <HI>They &s;end an Emba&s;&s;y into</HI> France <HI>and</HI> England, 411. <HI>They are in danger and withdraw their Camp,</HI> ibid. <HI>In the re|treat they run a ri&s;que,</HI> 412. <HI>They differ from the Catholicks at</HI> Augsbourg <HI>about the Council of</HI> Trent, 440. <HI>They are Sollicited to &s;ubmit to the Council,</HI> ibid. <HI>Their Am|ba&s;&s;ors at</HI> Trent <HI>in&s;i&s;t upon &s;uch a &s;afe con|duct for their Divines as was granted at the Council of</HI> Ba&s;il, 539. <HI>The demands of their Divines in the Council,</HI> 546. <HI>The Prote&s;tant Princes make a League at</HI> Nurem|berg, 614. <HI>They acquaint the Emperor with it,</HI> ibid. <HI>Their an&s;wer in the Diet of</HI> Augsbourg <HI>to the Papi&s;ts Allegations,</HI> 623. <HI>Their reply to</HI> Ferdinand<HI>'s An&s;wer to their Papers,</HI> 626.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Pru&s;&s;ia <HI>vide</HI> Albert <HI>of</HI> Brandenbourg, <HI>vide</HI> Sigi&s;mund <HI>of</HI> Poland, <HI>vide</HI> Wolfgang <HI>grand Ma&s;ter.</HI></ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<PB REF="62">
<HEAD>R.</HEAD>
<ITEM>RAtisbon, <HI>Catholick Lords there with</HI> Cam|pegio, <HI>confirm the Decree at</HI> Wormes <HI>again&s;t</HI> Luther, 74. <HI>Make Regulations for the Reformation of the Clergy,</HI> 75. <HI>The Prin|ces do not meet at</HI> Ratisbon <HI>at the Diet,</HI> 110. <HI>The Diet removes thither from</HI> Spire, 155. <HI>The Articles of the Treaty of</HI> Nurenberg <HI>are there confirmed,</HI> 160. <HI>A Diet there,</HI> 272. <HI>The Acts of the Diet at</HI> Ratisbon, 275. <HI>The Pre&s;idents and Witne&s;&s;es at the Conference,</HI> 276. <HI>The Acts of the Diet,</HI> 278. <HI>The De|cree of the Diet,</HI> 283. <HI>They promi&s;e Aid a|gain&s;t the</HI> Turks, <HI>ib. A Conference is ap|pointed there,</HI> 351. <HI>The Names of the Con|ferrers,</HI> ibid. <HI>It is refu&s;ed by the Papi&s;ts,</HI> 352. <HI>The Conference opened,</HI> 358. <HI>The Names of the Pre&s;idents,</HI> ibid. <HI>The Points di&s;puted upon,</HI> ibid. <HI>It breaks up,</HI> 359. <HI>A Diet there,</HI> 374.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Reformation <HI>in</HI> Germany, <HI>its Original,</HI> 273.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Religion, <HI>tho&s;e of the Reformed Religion begin to form a League,</HI> 105.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Renate <HI>Prince of</HI> Orange <HI>is killed,</HI> 327.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Reuchlin (John Capnio) <HI>Commi&s;&s;ioned to exa|mine</HI> Jewi&s;h <HI>Books,</HI> 30. <HI>His An&s;wer to</HI> Maxi|milian, <HI>ibid. An&s;wers</HI> Phefercorne<HI>'s Book,</HI> ibid. <HI>Is Cited to</HI> Mentz, <HI>ibid. Excepts to</HI> Hogo&s;tratus <HI>as a Judge,</HI> ibid. <HI>Appeals to the Pope,</HI> ibid. <HI>Is acquitted at</HI> Rome, <HI>ibid. Dies,</HI> 55.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Rhodes <HI>taken by</HI> Solyman, 57.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Richard <HI>Elector of</HI> Triers, <HI>vide</HI> Triers.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Ridley (Nicholas) <HI>Bi&s;hop of</HI> London <HI>burnt at</HI> Oxford <HI>for Religion,</HI> 619.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Rochell, <HI>an In&s;urrection there,</HI> 304. <HI>Quieted,</HI> 305.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Rome, <HI>Court of</HI> Rome, <HI>it's De&s;cription,</HI> 24. <HI>A great Inundation there,</HI> 137.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Roman <HI>Clergy, vide</HI> Jews.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Romans, <HI>vide King of the</HI> Romans.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Rotman (Bernard) <HI>Preaches up the Reforma|tion at</HI> Mun&s;ter, 190. <HI>Declares him&s;elf an</HI> Anabapti&s;t, 192.</ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<HEAD>S.</HEAD>
<ITEM>SAm&s;on <HI>(Friar) Preaches Indulgences at</HI> Zurick, 22.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Savoy, <HI>D. of</HI> Savoy <HI>quarrels with</HI> Geneva, 203. <HI>Lo&s;es mo&s;t part of his Country to the</HI> French, <HI>ibid. Accu&s;es the</HI> French <HI>King,</HI> 323. <HI>Dies,</HI> 602.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Saxons <HI>embrace</HI> Luther<HI>'s Doctrine of the Eu|chari&s;t,</HI> 97.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Saxony, <HI>Prince of</HI> Saxony<HI>'s An&s;wer to the Ar|bitrators,</HI> 159. <HI>Quarrels in the Churches there about Indifferent things,</HI> 481.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Scherteline (Seba&s;tian) <HI>marches towards</HI> In|&s;pruck <HI>with his Army for the Prote&s;tants,</HI> 388. <HI>Leaves the Camp,</HI> 406. <HI>Retires from</HI> Stra&s;|bourg <HI>to</HI> Con&s;tance, 418. <HI>A Fine is &s;et up|on his Head by the Emperor,</HI> 554. <HI>He rai&s;es men in</HI> Germany <HI>for the</HI> French <HI>King,</HI> ibid. <HI>Is reconciled to the Emperor and King</HI> Fer|dinand, 594.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Schwabian <HI>Confederates beat</HI> Ulric <HI>D. of</HI> Wir|temberg, 80. <HI>They refu&s;e a Truce with the Boors,</HI> ibid. <HI>They rout the Boors at</HI> Saltz|bourg, 81. <HI>An Account of the</HI> Schwabian <HI>League,</HI> 82. <HI>The</HI> Schwabian <HI>Cities mediate betwixt</HI> Albert <HI>and the City of</HI> Noremberg, 562.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Schwinfurt, <HI>a Town upon the</HI> Main, <HI>there the Princes mediate an Accommodation,</HI> 156. <HI>The Treaty is removed to</HI> Norenberg, 160.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Sep&s;y, <HI>vide</HI> Sepu&s;io.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Sepu&s;io <HI>claims the Crown of</HI> Hungary <HI>after K.</HI> Lewis<HI>'s death,</HI> 105. <HI>vide</HI> Vaivod <HI>of</HI> Tran|&s;ylvania. <HI>Dies,</HI> 269. <HI>His Son put under</HI> So|lyman' <HI>Protection,</HI> 270.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Servetus (Michael) <HI>Burnt at</HI> Genoa, 593.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Seymour (Edw.) <HI>D. of</HI> Somer&s;et, <HI>Protector of K.</HI> Edward VI. <HI>and the Kingdom in his Minority,</HI> 418. <HI>Is Impri&s;oned,</HI> 485. <HI>Re|leas'd, and Marries the D. of</HI> Northumber|land<HI>'s Daughter,</HI> 492. <HI>Is again made a Pri|&s;oner,</HI> 528. <HI>And Beheaded,</HI> 538.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Sforza (Francis) <HI>obtains the Dutchy of</HI> Milan <HI>of</HI> Charles V. 122. <HI>Marries</HI> Chri&s;tina <HI>the K. of</HI> Denmark's <HI>Daughter,</HI> 174. <HI>Dies,</HI> 180.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Sibylla <HI>of</HI> Cleve, <HI>Wife to</HI> John Frederick <HI>Ele|ctor of</HI> Saxony, <HI>&s;ollicites the Emperor for her Husband,</HI> 429. <HI>Is received Graciou&s;ly by the Emperor,</HI> ibid. <HI>She dies,</HI> 596.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Sickius (Francis) <HI>at War with the Bi&s;hop of</HI> Triers, 56.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Sickne&s;s, <HI>Sweating Sickne&s;s in</HI> Germany, 121.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Sidonius (Michael) <HI>a Champion for the Ma&s;s at</HI> Augsbourg, 437. <HI>A&s;&s;i&s;ts in Compiling the</HI> Interim, 454.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Siena <HI>revolts from the Emperor,</HI> 573. <HI>Is Be&s;ie|ged by the D. of</HI> Florence, 598. <HI>Retaken by the Emperor's Forces,</HI> 615.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Sigi&s;mund <HI>takes</HI> Cu&s;anus <HI>Pri&s;oner,</HI> 36. <HI>Ap|peals from the Pope to a Couucil,</HI> ibid. <HI>Calls the Council of</HI> Con&s;tance, 47. <HI>Begs the a&s;|&s;i&s;tance of the Empire again&s;t</HI> Zi&s;ca, <HI>ibid.</HI></ITEM>
<ITEM>Sigi&s;mund <HI>K. of</HI> Poland <HI>Wars again&s;t</HI> Albert, <HI>Great Ma&s;ter of the</HI> Teutonick <HI>Order,</HI> 99. <HI>Makes him D. of</HI> Pru&s;&s;ia, <HI>ibid. His An&s;wer to the Emperor's Amba&s;&s;adors,</HI> 348. <HI>His Plea given in by his Amba&s;&s;ador</HI> Alaskia <HI>about the Dutchy of</HI> Pru&s;&s;ia, 445. <HI>He dies,</HI> 450.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Sixtus IV<HI>'s Decree concerning the Virgin</HI> Mary, 377.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Sleidan (John) <HI>&s;ent by the Prote&s;tants Amba&s;|&s;ador into</HI> England, 352. <HI>Sent Deputy from</HI> Strasbourg <HI>to the Council of</HI> Trent, 529. <HI>He applies him&s;elf to the Emperor's Amba&s;&s;a|dors,</HI> 531. <HI>Complains of</HI> Gropper <HI>to the Council of</HI> Trent, 535. <HI>Joins with the</HI> Wir|temberg <HI>and</HI> Saxon <HI>Amba&s;&s;adors in their Sol|licitations
<PB REF="62">with the Emperor's Amba&s;&s;adors,</HI> 537. <HI>Takes leave of the Emperor's Amba&s;&s;a|dor, who &s;tops him,</HI> 545. <HI>Leaves</HI> Trent, 546. <HI>Deputy from</HI> Strasbourg <HI>to the</HI> French <HI>King,</HI> 557. <HI>Treats with him, and the Con|&s;table,</HI> ibid. <HI>Dies,</HI> 638.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Smalcald, <HI>a Town in</HI> Franconia, <HI>belonging to the Landgrave of</HI> He&s;&s;e, <HI>vide Prote&s;tant. League at</HI> Smalcald, 142. <HI>The Confederates of the League expo&s;tubate upon the motion to chu&s;e a King of the</HI> Romans, 143. <HI>The League renewed,</HI> 189. <HI>A Convention of the Prote&s;tants there,</HI> 212.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Solyman <HI>makes War in</HI> Hungary, 50. <HI>Takes</HI> Belgrade, 51. <HI>And</HI> Rhodes, 57. <HI>Invades</HI> Hungary, 103. <HI>Be&s;ieges</HI> Vienna, 121. <HI>Breaks up the Siege,</HI> ibid. <HI>Makes a new Ir|ruption into</HI> Au&s;tria, 161. <HI>His Troops are defeated,</HI> ibid. <HI>Impri&s;ons</HI> Alaski, Ferdi|nand'<HI>s Amba&s;&s;ador,</HI> 271. <HI>Strangles his Son</HI> Mu&s;tapha, 594.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Solmes <HI>(Count) vide</HI> Naves.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Spira (Francis) <HI>his di&s;mal Story,</HI> 475.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Spires, <HI>Bi&s;hop of</HI> Spires <HI>appointed to hear</HI> Reuchlin<HI>'s Cau&s;e,</HI> 30. <HI>Decrees in favour of him again&s;t</HI> Hogo&s;tratus, <HI>ibid. A Diet held there,</HI> 103. <HI>The States there differ about Religion,</HI> 104. <HI>But their Breaches are made up,</HI> ibid. <HI>And they make a Decree about Re|ligion,</HI> ibid. <HI>The Princes A&s;&s;embled here write to the Senate of</HI> Strasbourg <HI>about the Ma&s;s,</HI> 116. <HI>The Diet there a&s;&s;embled,</HI> 118. <HI>They refu&s;e the Deputies of</HI> Strasbourg <HI>to &s;it in the Diet,</HI> ibid. <HI>They make a Decree about Religion,</HI> ibid. <HI>The Princes of the Re|formed Religion prote&s;t again&s;t the Decree,</HI> 119. <HI>As al&s;o the Free Cities,</HI> 120. <HI>A Diet call'd thither,</HI> 152. <HI>Removed to</HI> Ratisbon, 155. <HI>Another Diet called there,</HI> 288. <HI>A mighty full Diet,</HI> 317. <HI>A Decree there which angers the Papi&s;ts,</HI> 325.</ITEM>
<ITEM>States <HI>of the Empire. Some at</HI> Ratisbon <HI>de&s;ire to referr every thing to the Pope's Legate,</HI> 279. <HI>They treat with tho D. of</HI> Cleve <HI>to re&s;tore</HI> Guelderland, 285. <HI>They &s;end a Me&s;&s;age from</HI> Nurenberg <HI>to the</HI> Saxon <HI>and Land|grave about the D. of</HI> Brun&s;wick, 299. <HI>Write to the</HI> Switzers <HI>not to aid the</HI> French <HI>King,</HI> 321. <HI>They acquaint</HI> Maurice <HI>the Ele|ctor of</HI> Brandenbourg <HI>with the Emperor's Re&s;olution about the Landgrave,</HI> 442.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Strasbourg, <HI>Prie&s;ts marry there,</HI> 66. <HI>The Bi|&s;hop cites them,</HI> ib. <HI>They ju&s;tifie them&s;elves,</HI> ibid. <HI>The Bi&s;hop writes to</HI> Campegio, <HI>com|plaining of the Senate,</HI> 73. <HI>The Senate ju&s;ti|fie them&s;elves to</HI> Campegio, <HI>ibid. And Parly with him upon his An&s;wer,</HI> 74. <HI>The Popi&s;h Clergy complain again&s;t the Senate to the Council of the Empire,</HI> 76. <HI>The Senates An|&s;wer,</HI> 79: <HI>Their Mini&s;ters draw up an Apo|logy,</HI> ibid. <HI>Quarrels there about the Ma&s;s,</HI> 115. <HI>They &s;uence the Popi&s;h Mini&s;ters,</HI> ibid. <HI>The Bi&s;hop complains to the Diet at</HI> Spire, 116. <HI>Ma&s;s aboli&s;hed there,</HI> ibid. <HI>Their Deputies prote&s;t, upon their being denied to &s;it in the Diet,</HI> 118. <HI>Their Divines an&s;wer</HI> Era&s;mus, 122. <HI>Makes a League with the</HI> Evangelick <HI>Cantons of</HI> Switzerland, 126. <HI>Which is re|&s;ented by the Council of the Empire,</HI> ibid. <HI>They with &s;ome other Confederate Cities ex|hibit a Confe&s;&s;ion at</HI> Augsbourg <HI>to the Empe|ror,</HI> 130. <HI>They debate the matter further again&s;t the Emperor,</HI> 138. <HI>They are oppug|ned by Popi&s;h Divines,</HI> ibid. <HI>They &s;et up a School,</HI> 241. <HI>Their Letter to the Emperor to di&s;&s;wade him from the War,</HI> 378. <HI>They make their Peace, and are &s;ined,</HI> 423. <HI>They re|fu&s;e the</HI> Interim, 464. <HI>And &s;tand to it to</HI> Granvell, 465. <HI>They &s;end their Judgment of the</HI> Interim <HI>to the Emperor in a Letter,</HI> 471. <HI>In a Con&s;ultation they re&s;olve to accept of the</HI> Interim, 472. <HI>They &s;end Deputies with another Letter to the Emperor,</HI> 473. <HI>Their Bi&s;hop writes to them about yielding,</HI> ib. <HI>They are commanded to agree with their Bi|&s;hop,</HI> 474. <HI>They write to the Emperor of the Bi&s;hops unrea&s;onable demands,</HI> 478. <HI>The Bi|&s;hop &s;ays Ma&s;s again,</HI> 479. <HI>Quarrels between him and the Senate about the publick Profe&s;&s;ors,</HI> 480. <HI>The Senate and the Bi&s;hop agree,</HI> 485. <HI>Ma&s;s fir&s;t &s;aid in the Cathedral,</HI> 491. <HI>Deri|ded by the People,</HI> ibid. <HI>Whence the Prie&s;ts fly,</HI> ibid. <HI>The Bi&s;hop complains to the Empe|ror,</HI> 496. <HI>But the Breach is made up,</HI> ibid. <HI>The Bi&s;hop complains again&s;t the Preachers,</HI> 513. <HI>The Senate &s;ends</HI> Sleidan <HI>their Deputy to the Council of</HI> Trent, 529. <HI>vid.</HI> Sleidan. <HI>They an&s;wer the Demands of Marq.</HI> Albert, 571.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Stroza (Peter) <HI>a</HI> Florentine <HI>gulls the Prote|&s;tants with Promi&s;es of Money,</HI> 404.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Stupitz (John) <HI>General of the</HI> Augu&s;tine <HI>Friars,</HI> 2.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Stura (Steno) <HI>vide</HI> Chri&s;tiern.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Sturmius (James) <HI>dies,</HI> 594.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Sweden, <HI>vide</HI> Gu&s;tavus.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Switzers <HI>oppo&s;e the Election of</HI> Francis I. <HI>to the Empire,</HI> 14. <HI>An account of their Com|monwealth,</HI> 48. <HI>Had a Cu&s;tom that Prie&s;ts &s;hould publickly keep Concubines,</HI> 51. <HI>They complain again&s;t</HI> Zuinglius <HI>in a Convention of E&s;tates,</HI> 66. <HI>They a&s;&s;emble at</HI> Lucern, <HI>and make Edicts again&s;t the New Religion,</HI> 67. <HI>They Remon&s;trate again&s;t tho&s;e of</HI> Zurick, 69. <HI>They join with</HI> Zuinglius <HI>in the Doctrine of the Euchari&s;t,</HI> 97. <HI>They meet</HI> 12 <HI>Can|tons to Di&s;pute at</HI> Baden, 105. <HI>The Popi&s;h Cantons make a League with</HI> Ferdinand, 118. <HI>Seeds of Civil Wars ari&s;e amongst them&s;elves,</HI> 120. <HI>Which are taken up,</HI> ibid. <HI>They make a League for &s;ix years, with the Landgrave of</HI> He&s;&s;e, 141. <HI>Do not refu&s;e to join in the League of</HI> Smalcald, <HI>if Comprehen&s;ion be al|low'd them,</HI> 148. <HI>Not admitted into the League,</HI> 151. <HI>The Popi&s;h Cantons League again&s;t the</HI> Zurichers, 155. <HI>They overcome
<PB REF="63">the</HI> Zurichers, 156. <HI>They overcome them again,</HI> ibid. <HI>They conclude a Peace,</HI> ibid. <HI>The Prote&s;tant Cantons interceed with the</HI> French <HI>King to remit his Severities towards the Prote&s;tants,</HI> 210. <HI>They an&s;wer the Letter which was &s;ent to them by the States of the Empire,</HI> 323. <HI>Interceed to the</HI> French <HI>King for the</HI> Walden&s;es, 347. <HI>They give an an&s;wer to the Prote&s;tants. Emba&s;&s;y,</HI> 392. <HI>They an&s;wer the Emperors Letter,</HI> 398. <HI>The Prote&s;tant Cantons differ in their An&s;wer a|bout the War from the Popi&s;h ones,</HI> 399. <HI>Their An&s;wer to the Prote&s;tants demands,</HI> 404. <HI>Two Prote&s;tant Cantons refu&s;e a League with</HI> Henry II. <HI>King of</HI> France, 484.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Sylvius (Aeneas) <HI>vide</HI> P. Pius.</ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<HEAD>T.</HEAD>
<ITEM>TEcelius (John Tetzel) <HI>a Dominican writes again&s;t</HI> Luther<HI>'s ninety five</HI> The|&s;es, 2.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Teutonick <HI>order its in&s;titution,</HI> 99. <HI>They &s;ubdue</HI> Pru&s;&s;ia, <HI>ibid.</HI></ITEM>
<ITEM>Thomas <HI>of</HI> Becket <HI>Arch-Bi&s;hop of</HI> Canterbu|ry, 241. <HI>Killed by &s;ome of King</HI> Henry II<HI>'s Court,</HI> ibid. <HI>His rich Shrine,</HI> ibid. <HI>Canonized,</HI> 242.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Toledo (Don Franci&s;co de) <HI>Amba&s;&s;ador from the Emperor at the Council of</HI> Trent, 374. <HI>Treats vigorou&s;ly with the Prote&s;tant Amba&s;&s;adors there,</HI> 539.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Tran&s;ylvania Vaivod <HI>claims the Kingdom of</HI> Hungary <HI>again&s;t</HI> Ferdinand, 112. <HI>Writes about it to the Princes of the Empire,</HI> ibid. <HI>Invites</HI> Solyman <HI>into</HI> Germany, 121. <HI>Is made King of</HI> Hungary <HI>by</HI> Solyman, <HI>ibid. Dies,</HI> 269. <HI>His Son is delivered up to</HI> Soly|man, 285. <HI>Made</HI> Vaivod <HI>of</HI> Tran&s;ylva|nia, <HI>ibid.</HI> Tran&s;ylvania <HI>revolts from</HI> Fer|dinand, 633.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Tregerus (Conradus) <HI>di&s;putes with the Preachers of the Reformed Religion at</HI> Bern, 111.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Trent <HI>nominated by the Pope to hold a Council,</HI> 292. <HI>Allowed by the Catholick Princes of</HI> Germany, <HI>ibid. Prote&s;ted again&s;t by the Prote&s;tants,</HI> ibid. <HI>The Council called,</HI> 296. <HI>It is opened,</HI> 361. <HI>The fir&s;t Se&s;&s;ion,</HI> ibid. <HI>The decrees of it,</HI> 362. <HI>The &s;econd Se&s;&s;ion,</HI> ibid. <HI>The third Se&s;&s;ion,</HI> 373. <HI>The fourth Se&s;&s;ion with its decrees,</HI> 377. <HI>The</HI> French <HI>Amba&s;&s;adors Speech in the Council,</HI> ibid. <HI>It is put off,</HI> 391. <HI>What number of Bi&s;hops were there,</HI> ibid. <HI>Decrees made there about Ju&s;tification,</HI> 416. <HI>The &s;eventh Se&s;&s;ion,</HI> 422. <HI>The Council is divided and &s;ome go to</HI> Bononia, 425. <HI>The Emperors Deputies commanded not to &s;tir thence,</HI> ibid. <HI>The Councilis divided,</HI> 439. <HI>Cardinal of</HI> Trent <HI>&s;peaks to the Pope about removing the Council,</HI> 443. <HI>The Council meets once more at</HI> Trent, 513. <HI>Sits formally,</HI> 518. <HI>Receives the</HI> French <HI>King's Letter,</HI> ibid. <HI>The Ceremo|ny of their Se&s;&s;ions,</HI> 520. <HI>The may of mak|ing Articles and Canons,</HI> 521. <HI>They de|cree the bu&s;ine&s;s of the Lords Supper,</HI> 525. <HI>They leave &s;ome things to be di&s;puted when the Prote&s;tants &s;hould come to the Council,</HI> 526. <HI>The form of their &s;afe conduct,</HI> ibid. <HI>They an&s;wer the</HI> French <HI>Kings Letter,</HI> 527. <HI>They make decrees about Pennance and Ex|tream &V;nction,</HI> 530. <HI>Long debates about a Safe Conduct at</HI> Trent, 539. <HI>They are wonderfully divided,</HI> 546. <HI>Fly from</HI> Trent <HI>in ha&s;te,</HI> 547. <HI>And they prorogue the Coun|cil for two Years,</HI> 548.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Treves, <HI>vide</HI> Triers.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Triers <HI>(Elector) makes a Speech for</HI> Francis I. 16. <HI>Per&s;wades</HI> Luther <HI>to yield,</HI> 46. <HI>Very courteou&s;ly,</HI> ibid. Richard <HI>the E|lector makes War with</HI> Francis Sicking, 56. <HI>Not for Religion,</HI> ibid. <HI>Kills &s;everal Boors at</HI> Wormes, 81. <HI>After they had thrown down their Arms,</HI> ibid. <HI>Dies,</HI> 149. <HI>The Elector of</HI> Triers <HI>leaves the Council of</HI> Trent, 542.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Truch&s;es (George) <HI>Head of the</HI> Schwabi|an <HI>League,</HI> 80. <HI>Routs the Boors in</HI> Schwa|ben, ibid. <HI>And at</HI> Winsberg, 81. <HI>Burns the Town,</HI> ibid. <HI>Routs others in</HI> Franconia, ibid. <HI>Makes a Speech to the Prote&s;tant Princes in the Emperors Name,</HI> 134.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Turegie, <HI>vide</HI> Oxline.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Turks (<HI>vide</HI> Solyman) <HI>their Original,</HI> 295. <HI>They invade</HI> Hungary, 314. <HI>They take</HI> Tripo|ly, 518. <HI>Their Fleet takes</HI> Cor&s;ica, 591. <HI>Their Fleet &s;cours the Coa&s;ts of</HI> Italy, 617.</ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<HEAD>V.</HEAD>
<ITEM>VAiod, <HI>vide</HI> Tran&s;ylvania.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Valla (Laurentius) <HI>his book cen&s;ur|ed,</HI> 28.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Vargas (Franci&s;co de) <HI>and</HI> Martino Vela&s;|co, <HI>the Emperors Amba&s;&s;adors, prote&s;t a|gain&s;t the Council at</HI> Bononia, 446.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Venetians <HI>make a League with the Emperor again&s;t</HI> Francis, 204. <HI>They conclude a Peace with the</HI> Turk, 252. <HI>They publi&s;h a Proclamation about Religion again&s;t the reformed,</HI> 468.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Venize (Gabriel) <HI>Provincial of the</HI> Au|gu&s;tans <HI>in</HI> Germany, <HI>vide</HI> Leo.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Vergerius (Peter Paul) <HI>the Popes Legate at</HI> Augsbourg, 127. <HI>Had orders to ma|nage the bu&s;ine&s;s of a Council cautiou&s;ly,</HI> 166. <HI>Is recalled into</HI> Italy <HI>by</HI> P. Paul III. 174. <HI>And &s;ent back with the old In|&s;tructions,</HI> 175. <HI>Con&s;ults with the Duke of</HI> Saxony <HI>at</HI> Prague, 180. <HI>Sent to</HI> Naples <HI>to the Emperor,</HI> 204. <HI>Appointed of the Committee to draw up a Bull for the calling of a Council,</HI> ibid. <HI>His Speech at</HI> Wormes, 272. <HI>Talks with</HI> Spira <HI>at</HI>
<PB REF="63">Padua, 475. <HI>Turns Prote&s;tant,</HI> 476. <HI>Per&s;wades his Dioce&s;s of</HI> Ju&s;tinople <HI>to joyn with him,</HI> ibid. <HI>Being Per&s;ecuted, &s;ettles in the</HI> Valteline, 477. <HI>And thence removes to</HI> Tubing, <HI>ibid. Writes a Book to di&s;&s;wade the</HI> Switzers <HI>from &s;ending to the Council of</HI> Trent, 528.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Vey, <HI>a Lawyer of</HI> Baden <HI>&s;peaks to</HI> Luther <HI>from the Commi&s;&s;ioners at</HI> Wormes, 45. <HI>Exhorts him to &s;ubmit his Books to the Em|peror and Princes,</HI> 46.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Vienna <HI>vide</HI> Solyman.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Vi&s;conti <HI>Dukes of</HI> Milan <HI>their Pedigree,</HI> 203.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Ulm <HI>receives the Prote&s;tant Religion, and a Church is con&s;tituted there,</HI> 149. <HI>Is re|conciled to the Emperor and fined,</HI> 413. <HI>A Diet called thither,</HI> 428. <HI>What was done at it,</HI> 431. <HI>Adjourned to</HI> Augsbourg, 432. <HI>The Government changed by the Empe|ror,</HI> 472. <HI>Their Divines refu&s;e with great Courage to acknowledge the Doctrine of the</HI> Interim, <HI>ibid. Their Mini&s;ters are re|lea&s;ed,</HI> 479. <HI>Their an&s;wer to</HI> Albert<HI>'s Propo&s;als,</HI> 563.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Ulric <HI>Duke of</HI> Wirtemberg <HI>claims his Coun|try,</HI> 79. <HI>Is repul&s;ed by the</HI> Schwabian <HI>Confederates,</HI> 80. <HI>Is re&s;tored into it by the Landgrave of</HI> He&s;&s;e, 173. <HI>Engages to be Feudatary to</HI> Ferdinand, <HI>ibid. And reco|vers his Country entirely,</HI> 174. <HI>He acknow|ledges him&s;elf Feudatary to</HI> Ferdinand, 180. <HI>Is admitted into the Prote&s;tant League,</HI> 206. <HI>Excu&s;es him&s;elf by Letter to King</HI> Francis, 249. <HI>He with &V;pper</HI> Germany <HI>fir&s;t takes Arms,</HI> 380. <HI>Writes Supplicatory Letters to the Emperor,</HI> 413. <HI>Is received upon hard Conditions,</HI> 415. <HI>He makes his Submi&s;&s;ion to the Emperor in Per&s;on at</HI> Ulm, 421. <HI>Receives the</HI> Interim, 462. <HI>Dies,</HI> 502.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Vogelsberg (Seba&s;tian) <HI>rai&s;es Men in</HI> Ger|many <HI>for</HI> Henry <HI>King of</HI> France, 434. <HI>Is beheaded at</HI> Augsbourg <HI>for it,</HI> 456.</ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<HEAD>W.</HEAD>
<ITEM>WAradin (George Martinhau&s;en <HI>Bi|&s;hop of</HI>) <HI>made a Cardinal,</HI> 528. <HI>Is killed for Commotions in</HI> Tran&s;ylvania, 535.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Walden&s;es <HI>Per&s;ecuted,</HI> 345. <HI>Barbarou&s;ly Ma&s;|&s;acred at</HI> Merindol, 346. <HI>Their Opinions,</HI> 347.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Wence&s;laus <HI>(Emperor) intercedes for</HI> Hu&s;&s;e, 46.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Wiat (<HI>Sir</HI> Thomas) <HI>ri&s;es in</HI> Kent <HI>upon Queen</HI> Mary<HI>'s Marrying King</HI> Philip, 594. <HI>Is &s;uppre&s;&s;ed,</HI> 596. <HI>Executed,</HI> 598.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Wiclef (John) <HI>Preached again&s;t the Pope in</HI> England, 46. <HI>His Bones ordered to be Burnt by the Council of</HI> Con&s;tance, 47.</ITEM>
<ITEM>William, <HI>vide</HI> Bavaria.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Winche&s;ter (Stephen Gardiner <HI>Bi&s;hop of</HI>) <HI>he writes a Reproachful Book again&s;t</HI> Bucer, 340. <HI>Is Impri&s;oned for Ob&s;tinacy,</HI> 511. <HI>Made Lord Chancellor by Queen</HI> Mary, 589. <HI>An account of his Proceedings in the Divorce of</HI> Henry VIII. <HI>ibid. He dies of a Drop&s;ie,</HI> 627.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Wirtemberg, <HI>vide</HI> Ulric, <HI>and</HI> Chri&s;topher.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Wittemberg, <HI>a City of</HI> Saxony <HI>upon the</HI> Elbe, <HI>and an &V;niver&s;ity,</HI> 2. <HI>Connives at</HI> Luther, ibid. <HI>They write to Pope</HI> Leo <HI>in his behalf,</HI> 6. <HI>And to</HI> Miltitz <HI>that he might be tried in</HI> Germany, <HI>ibid. And to</HI> Frederick <HI>in excu&s;e of</HI> Luther<HI>'s Proceedings again&s;t</HI> Ca|jetan, 12. <HI>The &V;niver&s;ity abett the</HI> Augu|&s;tines <HI>in not &s;aying Ma&s;s,</HI> 49. <HI>Their Reply to</HI> Frederick <HI>about that Matter,</HI> 50.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Wolfgang <HI>made Grand Ma&s;ter of</HI> Pru&s;&s;ia, 324. <HI>His Plea at the Diet of</HI> Augsbourg <HI>about the</HI> Teutonic <HI>Order,</HI> 447. <HI>Is driven out of his Country,</HI> 571.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Wolfgang <HI>D. of</HI> Deux-Ponts <HI>ab&s;olutely refu|&s;es the</HI> Interim, 480. <HI>Yet promi&s;es to obey the Emperor as far as he could,</HI> 481.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Wol&s;ey <HI>dies for Di&s;content,</HI> 170.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Wormes, <HI>a Diet called thither,</HI> 38. <HI>It is open|ed,</HI> 41. Luther <HI>Pro&s;cribed by an Edict there,</HI> 48. <HI>A Diet called to puni&s;h the</HI> Ana|bapti&s;ts, 200. <HI>Another Diet called there,</HI> 201. <HI>A Convention cited thither,</HI> 268. <HI>The Heads of the Conference at</HI> Wormes, 271. <HI>A Diet there,</HI> 343.</ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<HEAD>Z.</HEAD>
<ITEM>ZI&s;ca (John) <HI>rai&s;es a War in</HI> Bohemia <HI>a|gain&s;t</HI> Signi&s;mund <HI>in revenge of</HI> Hu&s;&s;e<HI>'s death,</HI> 47.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Zuinglius (Ulricus) <HI>comes to</HI> Zurick, 22. <HI>Op|po&s;es Friar</HI> Sam&s;on <HI>about Indulgences,</HI> ibid. <HI>Di&s;&s;wades the</HI> Switzers <HI>from &s;erving abroad in the Wars,</HI> 48. <HI>Defends him&s;elf again&s;t the Bi&s;hop of</HI> Con&s;tance, 51. <HI>Writes to the</HI> Switzers <HI>to allow Marriage among their Prie&s;ts,</HI> ibid. <HI>Di&s;putes with</HI> John Faber <HI>in the A&s;&s;embly at</HI> Zurick, 57. <HI>Acquits him&s;elf of the Accu&s;ation of the States,</HI> 66. <HI>Preaches up the abrogation of Images,</HI> ibid. <HI>Differs with</HI> Luther <HI>about the Sacrament,</HI> 97. <HI>Would not go to the Conference at</HI> Baden, 105. <HI>Di&s;putes at</HI> Bern, 111. <HI>Di&s;putes with</HI> Luther <HI>at</HI> Marpurg, 121. <HI>Is killed,</HI> 156.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Zurick, <HI>vide</HI> Zuinglius. <HI>They refu&s;e to &s;erve abroad at</HI> Zuinglius<HI>'s de&s;ire,</HI> 48. <HI>They e&s;ta|bli&s;h the Reformation,</HI> 57. <HI>They An&s;wer the Remon&s;trance of the other Cantons,</HI> 70. <HI>And the Bi&s;hop of</HI> Con&s;tance<HI>'s Book abort Images,</HI> 72. <HI>They remove Images,</HI> 76. <HI>They Expo|&s;tulate with the other Cantons about the &s;eizing of their Mini&s;ters,</HI> 77. <HI>The Ma&s;s aboli&s;hed there,</HI> 82. <HI>They &s;top Provi&s;ions from the other Cantons,</HI> 155. <HI>They are routed in Battle,</HI> 156. <HI>And &s;o a &s;econd time,</HI> ibid. <HI>And at La&s;t conclude a Peace,</HI> ibid. <HI>The Mini&s;ters of</HI> Zurick <HI>an&s;wer</HI> Gardiner<HI>'s Book,</HI> 340.</ITEM>
</LIST>
</DIV1>
<DIV1 TYPE="index">
<PB REF="64">
<PB REF="64">
<HEAD>A TABLE TO THE CONTINUATION.</HEAD>
<LIST>
<HEAD>A.</HEAD>
<ITEM>ALbert <HI>Marque&s;s of</HI> Brandenburg <HI>dies,</HI> 13.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Alva<HI>'s War on the Pope,</HI> 9. <HI>He goes to</HI> Rome, 11.</ITEM>
<ITEM><HI>The Emperor's</HI> Amba&s;&s;adors <HI>to the Electoral Princes to carry his Re&s;ignation,</HI> 6. <HI>Dr.</HI> Wo|ton, Engli&s;h <HI>Amba&s;&s;ador in</HI> France, 14. <HI>Be|tween</HI> France <HI>and King</HI> Philip <HI>at</HI> Peronne, 19. <HI>At</HI> Cambray, 22. <HI>In</HI> France, 27. <HI>To the Diet of</HI> Germany, 28. <HI>The Popes Amba&s;&s;adors to the Chri&s;tian Princes and to the Council,</HI> 49, 62. <HI>Admitted by the Princes of</HI> Germany <HI>of the</HI> Augu&s;tane <HI>con|fe&s;&s;ion,</HI> 63. <HI>Refu&s;ed by Queen</HI> Elizabeth, 64. <HI>His Legates to</HI> Trent, French <HI>Am|ba&s;&s;adors to the Council of</HI> Trent, 87. <HI>The Amba&s;&s;ador of</HI> Spain <HI>received,</HI> 91. Lan|&s;ac <HI>Amba&s;&s;ador for</HI> France <HI>at</HI> Rome, 94.</ITEM>
<ITEM><HI>The</HI> French <HI>Amba&s;&s;adors prote&s;t again&s;t the Council,</HI> 95. <HI>And go to</HI> Venice, 96.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Andelot <HI>Mar&s;hal of</HI> France <HI>lo&s;eth the favour of his Prince,</HI> 19. <HI>Su&s;pected to be in the con|&s;piracy of</HI> Bloys, 43. <HI>Sent for Succours in|to</HI> Germany, 78. <HI>Is in the battle of</HI> Dreux, 80. <HI>Defends</HI> Orleans, 82.</ITEM>
<ITEM><HI>The Archbi&s;hop of</HI> Toledo <HI>&s;u&s;pected of</HI> Here&s;ie, 48.</ITEM>
<ITEM><HI>An A&s;&s;embly of the great Men of</HI> France <HI>at</HI> Fountainbleau, 44. <HI>Of the three E&s;tates decreed,</HI> 46. <HI>Opened at</HI> Orleans, 51. <HI>Pro|rogued,</HI> 52. <HI>Rea&s;&s;embled at</HI> Pont Oy&s;e, 58.</ITEM>
<ITEM><HI>An A&s;&s;embly of the</HI> Delegates <HI>of</HI> France, 68.</ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<HEAD>B</HEAD>
<ITEM>BAbotz <HI>a Town in</HI> Hungary <HI>be&s;ieged,</HI> 5.</ITEM>
<ITEM><HI>The battle of St.</HI> Quintin, 15. <HI>Of Grave|ling,</HI> 20. <HI>Of</HI> Dreux, 80.</ITEM>
<ITEM><HI>The</HI> Bavarians <HI>demand the Cup and the Mar|riage of their Clergy in a Tumult,</HI> 97.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Bellay (Jean) <HI>Cardinal Dies,</HI> 50.</ITEM>
<ITEM><HI>The</HI> Bible <HI>&s;ufficient alone to determine the con|trover&s;ies of Religion,</HI> 60.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Books <HI>prohibited and why,</HI> 86.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Bona Sfortia <HI>Queen of</HI> Poland <HI>dies.</HI></ITEM>
<ITEM>Du Bourg (Anna) <HI>a member of the Parlia|ment of</HI> Paris <HI>offends the King,</HI> 31. <HI>Is Pro&s;ecuted,</HI> 32. <HI>Condemned and Executed,</HI> 34.</ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<HEAD>C</HEAD>
<ITEM>CAlais <HI>its Form and Strength,</HI> 17. <HI>Siege and taking from the</HI> Engli&s;h, 18. <HI>Profered to the Queen,</HI> 41.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Catharine de Medicis <HI>Queen</HI> Dowager <HI>of</HI> France <HI>made Regent,</HI> 33. <HI>She pre&s;erves</HI> Conde <HI>and</HI> Navar, 47. <HI>She &s;hews great favour to the Prote&s;tants, but yet under|hand oppo&s;ed them,</HI> 56. <HI>Su&s;pecteth the Nobility,</HI> 57. <HI>Excu&s;eth the conference of</HI> Poi&s;&s;y, 60. <HI>Di&s;&s;embles the Rudene&s;s of</HI> Laines, 61. <HI>Solicited to begin a Per&s;e|cution by the</HI> Spaniards, 65. <HI>She prohibits the wor&s;hip of Images,</HI> 69. <HI>She puts her &s;elf and her Son under the Protection of the Prince of</HI> Conde, 72. <HI>Yet out of fear joyns with the Catholick Lords,</HI> 72. <HI>And betrays</HI> Con|de, 73. <HI>She pretends &s;he is at Liberty,</HI> ibid. <HI>She thanks</HI> Conde <HI>for his good Service,</HI> 75. <HI>She treats with him,</HI> 75, 79. <HI>She feareth the Duke of</HI> Gui&s;e <HI>after the battle of</HI> Dreux, <HI>yet makes him General,</HI> 81. <HI>After he was &s;lain &s;he more earne&s;tly de&s;ired a Peace than before,</HI> 83. <HI>She excu&s;es the Peace when made,</HI> 91. <HI>She complains of the proceedings in the Council of</HI> Trent, 94.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Catzenello bogen <HI>re&s;igned,</HI> 13.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Cavii, 11.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Charles V. <HI>Emperor re&s;igns</HI> Spain <HI>and the Empire,</HI> 5. <HI>Goes into</HI> Spain, 7. <HI>His Let|ter to his Son,</HI> 15. <HI>His Death and Cha|racter,</HI> 23.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Charles <HI>the</HI> IX. <HI>King of</HI> France <HI>&s;ucceeds his Brother,</HI> 47. <HI>Carried by force to</HI> Paris, 72. <HI>Is declared out of his Minority at four|teen years of Age,</HI> 99.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Charles <HI>Cardinal</HI> Cara&s;&s;a <HI>&s;trangled,</HI> 64.</ITEM>
<PB REF="65">
<ITEM>Chri&s;tian <HI>King of</HI> Denmark <HI>dies,</HI> 26.</ITEM>
<ITEM><HI>The Church ever pure and &s;potle&s;s,</HI> 51.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Civitella <HI>a &s;mall City in</HI> Italy <HI>baffles the</HI> French, 10.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Coligni <HI>Admiral of</HI> France <HI>taken in St.</HI> Quin|tin, 15. <HI>Su&s;pected to be in the con&s;pirary of</HI> Bloys, 43. <HI>Recommends a toleration as nece&s;&s;ary,</HI> 44. <HI>Delivereth a Petition for the Proce&s;tants,</HI> 45. <HI>Made General after the Battle of</HI> Dreux, 81. <HI>Di&s;ownes the having any hand in the Murder of the Duke of</HI> Gui&s;e, 83. <HI>Di&s;tikes the Peace of</HI> Orleans, 84.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Colonna (<HI>mark</HI> Antony) 8.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Coode (Lewis) <HI>the con<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="pdcc" EXTENT="2 letters">aled head of the con&s;piracy of</HI> Amboys, 42. <HI>Detained for it,</HI> 43. <HI>Leaves the Court,</HI> 44. <HI>Impri&s;on|ed <GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="pdcc" EXTENT="1 word"></HI> Orleans, 47. <HI>Freed upon the Death of the King,</HI> 48. <HI>Acquitted in the Parlia|ment of</HI> Paris, 56. <HI>Reconcil'd to the Duke of</HI> Guife, 58. <HI>The Queen de&s;ires his Pro|tection,</HI> 71. <HI>He declareth a War again&s;t the Catholick Lords,</HI> 73. <HI>Taken at the battle of</HI> Dreux, 80. <HI>Makes a Peace at</HI> Orelans, 84.</ITEM>
<ITEM><HI>The Conference of</HI> Poi&s;&s;y <HI>re&s;olved on,</HI> 58. <HI>Be|gan,</HI> 59. <HI>One at</HI> Wormes, 13.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Conquet <HI>in</HI> Britain <HI>taken by the</HI> Engli&s;h, 21.</ITEM>
<ITEM><HI>The Con&s;piracy of</HI> Bloys, 42. <HI>Di&s;covered fir&s;t by a Prote&s;tant,</HI> 43.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Con&s;tantio <HI>Confe&s;&s;or to</HI> Charles V. <HI>burnt, af|ter he was dead for Here&s;ie,</HI> 35.</ITEM>
<ITEM><HI>The</HI> Copthites <HI>precend &s;ubmi&s;&s;ion to the Pope,</HI> 57.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Co&s;mus <HI>Duke of</HI> Florence <HI>obtains the po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ion of</HI> Siena, 10. <HI>Procures a Peace for the Duke of</HI> Ferrara, 11. <HI>And the A&s;&s;embling of the Council of</HI> Trent, 49. <HI>Ru<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="pdcc" EXTENT="2 letters">es the Power of the</HI> Caraffa<HI>'s,</HI> 26.</ITEM>
<ITEM><HI>Councils are not to change the Doctrines or Cu|&s;tomes of the Church,</HI> 45. <HI>A National Coun|cil decreed in</HI> France, 46. <HI>That of</HI> Trent <HI>procured to avoid it,</HI> 49. <HI>Recall'd,</HI> 62. <HI>Writ again&s;t by</HI> Vergerius, ibid. <HI>Protested again&s;t by the Prote&s;tant Princes of</HI> Germany, 63. <HI>Opened,</HI> 86. <HI>Complained of by the Queen of</HI> France, 94. <HI>Accu&s;ed for invading the Rights of Princes,</HI> 95. <HI>Prote&s;ted again&s;t by the</HI> French, <HI>ibid.</HI> 96. <HI>Ended and Cen|&s;ured,</HI> 96. <HI>The rea&s;on why it had no better Succe&s;s,</HI> 97.</ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<HEAD>D</HEAD>
<ITEM>DAvid (George) <HI>a famous Anabapti&s;t, his Life, Doctrine and Death,</HI> 28, 29.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Diepe <HI>taken by the Prote&s;tants,</HI> 74. <HI>Surren|dred,</HI> 78.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Diana <HI>Dutche&s;s of</HI> Valentinois, 30.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Dietmar&s;h <HI>conquered,</HI> 26.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Diets <HI>at</HI> Ratisbonne, 12. <HI>At</HI> Augsbourg, 27. <HI>At</HI> Naumburg, 63. <HI>At</HI> Francfort, 89, 13. <HI>At</HI> Brisgow, 89.</ITEM>
<ITEM>A Di&s;putation <HI>rejected when enforced by an Army,</HI> 41.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Doway <HI>attempted by the</HI> French, 9. Dreux <HI>the battle of,</HI> 80.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Dunbar <HI>di&s;mantled,</HI> 42.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Dunkirk <HI>taken by the</HI> French, 20.</ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<HEAD>E</HEAD>
<ITEM>EGmont (Count) <HI>General at</HI> Graveling, 21.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Elizabeth <HI>Queen &s;ucceeds,</HI> 22. <HI>Is &s;everely treated by the Pope,</HI> 23. <HI>She at fir&s;t refu&s;eth, but at length leagues with the Prote&s;tant</HI> Scots, 40. <HI>She is kind to</HI> Mary <HI>of</HI> Scotland, 67. <HI>And after this Leagueth with the Prince of</HI> Conde, 77. <HI>She rejects the Council of</HI> Trent, 64. <HI>And the Coun|cil de&s;igned to depo&s;e her,</HI> 90.</ITEM>
<ITEM><HI>The Que&s;tion Whether</HI> Epi&s;copacy <HI>is of Divine In&s;titution? Debated in the Council and re|jected,</HI> 87.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Erick <HI>King of</HI> Sweden <HI>&s;ucceeds</HI> Gu&s;tavus <HI>his Father,</HI> 49. <HI>Is Crowned,</HI> 64.</ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<HEAD>F</HEAD>
<ITEM>FAith <HI>not to be kept with Hereticks,</HI> 37.</ITEM>
<ITEM><HI>Broken by</HI> R. Catholicks 53.54. <HI>De&s;igned to be broken when time &s;erves,</HI> 91.</ITEM>
<ITEM>A Turki&s;h Fleet <HI>&s;ent to the A&s;&s;i&s;tance of the</HI> French, 19. <HI>The</HI> Engli&s;h <HI>Fleet make an unfortunate Expedition into</HI> France, 21. <HI>One of</HI> LI. <HI>Ships attend</HI> Charles V. <HI>into</HI> Spain, 7. <HI>A Fleet of</HI> 90. <HI>carries his Son</HI> Philip <HI>thither,</HI> 35. <HI>The</HI> Engli&s;h <HI>fleet procureth the victory at</HI> Graveling, 22.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Ferdinand <HI>Brother of</HI> Charles V. <HI>His War in</HI> Tran&s;ylvania <HI>and</HI> Hungary, 4, 5. <HI>The Re&s;ignation of the Empire to him,</HI> 6. <HI>He is elected Emperor,</HI> 22. <HI>He confirms the Peace of</HI> Pa&s;&s;aw, 12.28. <HI>He gives a brisk an&s;wer to the</HI> French <HI>Amba&s;&s;ador,</HI> ibid. <HI>He Solicites the Prote&s;tant Princes to &s;ubmit to the Council of</HI> Trent, 62. Paul IV. <HI>re|fu&s;eth to acknowledge him to be Empe|ror,</HI> 22. <HI>He expre&s;&s;es his di&s;like of the pro|ceedings of the Council of</HI> Trent <HI>in a Letter to the Pope,</HI> 90. <HI>Hindereth them from pro|ceeding again&s;t Queen</HI> Elizabeth, 96.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Ferrara, <HI>the Cardinal of,</HI> 85. <HI>The Duke of</HI> Ferrara <HI>makes his Peace,</HI> 11. <HI>His Death,</HI> 36.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Francis Otho <HI>Duke of</HI> Lunenberg <HI>dies,</HI> 36.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Francis II. <HI>Succeeds</HI> Henry II. <HI>his Father in</HI> France, 33. <HI>Having before Married</HI> Mary <HI>Queen of the</HI> Scots, 19. <HI>He is reported to have the L<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="pdcc" EXTENT="1 letter">pro&s;ie,</HI> 34. <HI>Claims</HI> England <HI>in the Right of his Wife,</HI> 38. <HI>Dies,</HI> 47.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Francford <HI>quarrels fatal,</HI> 11.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Frederick I. <HI>King of</HI> Denmark <HI>dies and is Succeeded by</HI> Frederick, II. <HI>His Son,</HI> 25. <HI>He conquereth</HI> Dietmar&s;h, 26. <HI>His an|&s;wer to the Popes Legate,</HI> 63.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Frederick III. <HI>Duke of</HI> Bauaria, 36.</ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<PB REF="65">
<HEAD>G</HEAD>
<ITEM>GUi&s;e <HI>(the Duke of) &s;ent into</HI> Italy, 10. <HI>Recalled,</HI> 11. <HI>Made General in</HI> France, 16. <HI>Takes</HI> Calais, 17. <HI>But is the cau&s;e of the defeat near</HI> Graveling, 20. <HI>He is ma<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="pdcc" EXTENT="2 letters"> Lieutenant General of</HI> France, 43. <HI>He procureth the per&s;ecution in</HI> France, 30. <HI>Recon|cil'd to</HI> Conde, 58. <HI>Recal'd to Court by the K. of</HI> Navar, 70, 71. <HI>He frights the Queen unto a Compliance with the R. Catholick Lords,</HI> 72. <HI>Becomes General in the end of the Bat|tle of</HI> Dreux, 81. <HI>And is &s;lain by one</HI> Pol|trot <HI>before</HI> Orleans, 82.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Gran, <HI>a City in</HI> Hungary <HI>&s;urprized,</HI> 5.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Gu&s;tavus <HI>King of</HI> Sweden <HI>dies,</HI> 49.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Guines <HI>taken,</HI> 18.</ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<HEAD>H.</HEAD>
<ITEM>HAly <HI>General of the</HI> Turki&s;h <HI>Forces in</HI> Hun|gary, <HI>his Actions, Character and Death,</HI> 4.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Hamilton (John) <HI>Archbi&s;hop of St.</HI> Andr<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="pdcc" EXTENT="2 letters">s <HI>committed for hearing Ma&s;s,</HI> 99.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Havre de Grace <HI>&s;urrendered to the</HI> Engli&s;h, 77. <HI>Retaken by the</HI> French, 98.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Helinoa <HI>Queen of</HI> France <HI>dies,</HI> 36.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Henry II. <HI>King of</HI> France <HI>breaks his Oath by the Procurement of the Pope,</HI> 9. <HI>He recover|eth</HI> Calais <HI>out of the hands of the</HI> Engli&s;h, 17. <HI>Zealous for the</HI> Roman <HI>Catholick Religion,</HI> 20. <HI>He di&s;covereth a &s;ecret de&s;ign between him and K.</HI> Philip, <HI>to the Prince of</HI> Orange, 27. <HI>Is per&s;waded to per&s;ecute the Prote&s;tants of</HI> France, 30. <HI>He is incen&s;ed again&s;t the Parliament of</HI> Paris, 31. <HI>The Prote&s;tant Princes of</HI> Germany <HI>write to him,</HI> 32. <HI>His Death and Character,</HI> 33. <HI>His de&s;igns again&s;t</HI> England, 38.</ITEM>
<ITEM><HI>K.</HI> Philip <HI>de&s;ireth a Peace, that he may be at lei|&s;ure to extirpate <HI>Here&s;ie,</HI></HI> 27. <HI>All Hereticks to be per&s;ecuted with Fire and Sword,</HI> 30, 31. <HI>Faith not to be kept with &s;uch.</HI> 53, 54, 91. <HI>Princes to be depo&s;ed for Here&s;ie,</HI> 92, 93. Philip <HI>much commended for his Severity to Hereticks, in the Council of</HI> Trent, 91. <HI>No Peace to be made with &s;uch,</HI> ibid. <HI>Dangerous to Government,</HI> 51.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Ho&s;pital <HI>made Chancellor of</HI> France, 44. <HI>His Speech to the A&s;&s;embly of Princes,</HI> ibid. <HI>He a&s;&s;ures the Clergy there &s;hould be a National Council if the Pope would not call a General,</HI> 48, 49. <HI>His Speech in the States at</HI> Orleans, 50. <HI>At the opening of the Conference of</HI> Poi&s;&s;y, 60. <HI>At the opening of the A&s;&s;embly of the</HI> Delegates, 68. <HI>He oppo&s;eth the De|claring a War again&s;t the Prince of</HI> Conde, 72. <HI>He procures</HI> Charles IX. <HI>to be declared of Age,</HI> 99. <HI>And a&s;cribes the driving the</HI> Engli&s;h <HI>out of</HI> France <HI>to the Liberty of Con|&s;cience granted to the Prote&s;tants,</HI> ibid.</ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<HEAD>I.</HEAD>
<ITEM>I Gnatius Loyola <HI>the Founder of the Order of</HI> Je&s;uits, <HI>his Death and Story,</HI> 13.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Images <HI>&s;et up in the Streets of</HI> Paris <HI>to be mor&s;hip|ped,</HI> 35. <HI>Ordered not to be wor&s;hipped any where,</HI> 69. <HI>The Rea&s;ons why the Prote&s;tants de&s;troy|ed them,</HI> 84. <HI>The Images of the twelve Apo|&s;tles of ma&s;&s;y Silver lo&s;t,</HI> 76. <HI>The Wor&s;hip of Images and Reliques commanded by the Coun|cil of</HI> Trent, 90.</ITEM>
<ITEM><HI>The <HI>Inqui&s;ition</HI> promoted by Pope</HI> Paul IV. 27, 36. <HI>De&s;ired by the Clergy of</HI> France 44. <HI>Allowed to proceed &s;ummarily again&s;t the grea|te&s;t per&s;ons,</HI> 92. <HI>Cites the Queen of</HI> Na<GAP DESC="illegible" RESP="pdcc" EXTENT="1 letter">ar, <HI>and &s;everal of the</HI> French <HI>Prelates, but is oppo&s;ed by the King of</HI> France, 92, 93, 94.</ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<HEAD>K.</HEAD>
<ITEM>KEr&s;imont <HI>Governour of</HI> Britain, 2.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Kirkwall <HI>taken and burnt,</HI> 23.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Knox (John) <HI>&s;tirreth the</HI> Scots <HI>to reform,</HI> 37. <HI>His Maxims occa&s;ion great deva&s;tations of Church-buildings,</HI> 66. <HI>He is accu&s;ed as the Author of a Tumult,</HI> 99.</ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<HEAD>L.</HEAD>
<ITEM>LAines, <HI>the &s;econd, General, of the</HI> Ie&s;uits, <HI>very rude in the Gonference of</HI> Poi&s;&s;y, 61.</ITEM>
<ITEM><HI>The Prote&s;tant</HI> League, 77.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Leith <HI>made a</HI> French <HI>Colony,</HI> 40. <HI>Summon'd by the</HI> Scotch <HI>Nobility,</HI> 41. <HI>Be&s;ieged by the</HI> Engli&s;h, <HI>ibid. Surrendred and di&s;mantled,</HI> 42.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Livonia <HI>falls off from the See of</HI> Rome, 57.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Lorrain, <HI>(the Cardinal of) opens the fir&s;t Propo|&s;als for a Peace with K.</HI> Philip, 19. <HI>Repre|hends</HI> Henry II. <HI>of</HI> France, 33. <HI>He is &s;u|&s;pected the Author of a Slander,</HI> 34. <HI>He re|flecteth &s;everely on</HI> Coligni, 45. <HI>De&s;igns to make a Speech for the three E&s;tates,</HI> 51. <HI>He oppo&s;eth the Progre&s;s of the Reformation,</HI> 57. <HI>Procureth the Conference of</HI> Poi&s;&s;y, 58. <HI>Di&s;|putes in it,</HI> 60. <HI>Oppo&s;eth a National Council,</HI> 64. <HI>Leaves the Court,</HI> 65. <HI>Advi&s;eth</HI> Mary <HI>Queen of</HI> Scots <HI>to leave her Jewels in</HI> France, 66. <HI>Treats with the Prote&s;tant Princes of</HI> Germany, 69. <HI>He goes to the Council of</HI> Trent, 88. <HI>Vi&s;its the Emperor at</HI> In&s;pruck, 90. <HI>He is ordered to defend the Peace of</HI> Or|leans, 91. <HI>He is gain'd over to the Pope's &s;ide,</HI> 94. <HI>He goes to</HI> Rome, <HI>ibid. Returns to</HI> Trent, 96.</ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<HEAD>M.</HEAD>
<ITEM>MAns <HI>taken by the Prote&s;tants,</HI> 74. <HI>De&s;er|ted,</HI> 76.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Mary <HI>Queen of</HI> England <HI>rai&s;eth &s;ome Religious Hou&s;es,</HI> 11. <HI>She joins with King</HI> Philip <HI>a|gain&s;t</HI>
<PB REF="66">France, 14. <HI>Is adverti&s;ed by him of the De&s;igns of the</HI> French <HI>upon</HI> Calais, 18. <HI>Makes an unfortunate attempt by her Fleet on</HI> France, 21. <HI>She dies when there was a Par|liament &s;itting,</HI> 22.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Mary <HI>Queen Regent of</HI> Scotland <HI>&s;ummoneth a Parliament,</HI> 36. <HI>Breaks her Faith,</HI> 37. <HI>She leaves</HI> Edinburg, <HI>and goes to</HI> Dunbar, 38. <HI>Reproaches the Lords of the</HI> Congregation <HI>for holding corre&s;pondence with the</HI> Engli&s;h, 40. <HI>She is depo&s;ed,</HI> 41. <HI>Her Death and Chara|cter,</HI> 42.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Mary <HI>Queen of</HI> Scotland <HI>Married to the Dau|phine of</HI> France, 19. <HI>Re&s;olves to return in|to</HI> Scotland, 65. <HI>Arrives there,</HI> 66. <HI>En|deavoureth to re&s;tore</HI> Popery, 67. <HI>Refu&s;eth a Petition again&s;t it,</HI> 99.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Mary <HI>Queen of</HI> Hungary <HI>dies,</HI> 36.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Marriage <HI>of the Clergy why forbidden, and con|tinued &s;o,</HI> 97.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Ma&s;&s;acre <HI>at</HI> Va&s;&s;y, 70. <HI>Of</HI> Sens, 74.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Mills (Walter) <HI>the la&s;t Martyr in</HI> Scotland, 24.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Melancthon (Philip) <HI>dies,</HI> 50.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Minart (Anthony) <HI>a bloody Per&s;ecutor,</HI> 30, 31. <HI>He is &s;hot dead in the Streets,</HI> 34.</ITEM>
<ITEM><HI>Popi&s;h</HI> Mi&s;repre&s;entations <HI>of the Prote&s;tants in</HI> France, 16, 33, 34.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Montmorancy <HI>Con&s;table of</HI> France, <HI>aver&s;e to the</HI> Spani&s;h <HI>War,</HI> 14. <HI>Taken Pri&s;oner in the Battel of St.</HI> Quintin, 15. <HI>Di&s;charged, and laboureth for a Peace,</HI> 22. <HI>De&s;igned for ruin by the</HI> Gui&s;es, 46. <HI>Procures the laying a&s;ide the u&s;e of the Arms of</HI> England, 39. <HI>Enter|eth</HI> Orleans, 48. <HI>He is &s;et again&s;t the Re|formation, and the King of</HI> Navar <HI>by the Queen,</HI> 56. <HI>Taken in the Battel of</HI> Dreux, 80. <HI>He refu&s;eth to con&s;ent to the Liberty of Con&s;cience,</HI> 84. <HI>He takes</HI> Havre de Grace, 99.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Montmorancy (Francis) <HI>Son of the former, gives his Father wi&s;e advice,</HI> 56.</ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<HEAD>N.</HEAD>
<ITEM>NAples <HI>(the Kingdom of) annexed to the See of</HI> Rome, 9.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Navar (Henry <HI>King of</HI>) <HI>&s;u&s;pected to be in the Con&s;piracy of</HI> Bloys, 43. <HI>And in that of</HI> Lions, 46. <HI>He is &s;ollicited to come to the A&s;|&s;embly of the States by his Brother the Cardi|nal,</HI> ib. <HI>Comes and is con&s;in'd,</HI> 47. <HI>Di&s;char|ged and advanced,</HI> ibid. <HI>Becomes terrible to the Pope,</HI> 49. <HI>Favoureth the Reformation,</HI> 56. <HI>Very earne&s;t for a National Council,</HI> 65. <HI>He joins with the Popi&s;h party,</HI> 69. <HI>Excu&s;eth the Ma&s;&s;acre of</HI> Va&s;&s;y, 71. <HI>Is &s;hot at</HI> Roan, <HI>and dies,</HI> 77. <HI>His Character,</HI> ibid. <HI>The Queen Cited before the</HI> Inqui&s;ition <HI>after his Death,</HI> 92.</ITEM>
<ITEM><HI>A</HI> National <HI>Council de&s;ired in</HI> France, 45, 64.</ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<HEAD>O.</HEAD>
<ITEM>O Liver <HI>Chancellor of</HI> France <HI>imployed again&s;t the Members of Parliament, who were &s;u&s;pected of</HI> Here&s;ie, 33. <HI>De&s;ious of a Reformation, and an hater of Bloody Per&s;e|cutions,</HI> 43. <HI>Obtains a Pardon for the Con|&s;pirators of</HI> Boy&s;e, ibid. <HI>He dies weeping for what he had done,</HI> 44.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Orleans, <HI>an A&s;&s;embly of the three E&s;tates of</HI> France <HI>opened there,</HI> 47, 50. <HI>Surprized by the Prote&s;tants,</HI> 73. <HI>Be&s;ieged,</HI> 82.</ITEM>
<ITEM>O&s;tia <HI>be&s;ieged and taken,</HI> 9. <HI>Retaken,</HI> ibid.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Otho Henry <HI>Duke of</HI> Bavaria, <HI>dies</HI> 36.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Orange, (William <HI>of</HI> Na&s;&s;aw <HI>Prince of</HI>) <HI>Am|ba&s;&s;ador for</HI> Charles V. 6. <HI>Being Amba&s;&s;a|dor in</HI> France <HI>he learns a Secret,</HI> 27.</ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<HEAD>P.</HEAD>
<ITEM>PAliano <HI>Fortified,</HI> 9. <HI>Re&s;tored to King</HI> Philip, 11.</ITEM>
<ITEM><HI>A</HI> Parliament <HI>in</HI> England, 22. <HI>In</HI> Scotland, 36. <HI>Another that &s;etles a Confe&s;&s;ion of Faith,</HI> 42. <HI>Another which confirms and &s;ettles it,</HI> 66. <HI>One held at</HI> Edinburg, <HI>in which</HI> Mary <HI>Queen of the</HI> Scots <HI>pa&s;&s;ed &s;everal Acts in favour of the Reformation,</HI> 99.</ITEM>
<ITEM><HI>The</HI> Parliament <HI>of</HI> Paris <HI>awed by</HI> Henry II. 31. <HI>Claims the Right of declaring the King out of his Minority,</HI> 99.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Paul IV. <HI>Pope, his Temper,</HI> 7. <HI>His War again&s;t King</HI> Philip, 8. <HI>He ruins his Relations,</HI> 26. <HI>He refu&s;eth to acknowledg</HI> Ferdinand <HI>Empe|ror of</HI> Germany, 22. <HI>And Queen</HI> Eliza|beth, <HI>Queen of</HI> England, 23. <HI>Erects many Bi&s;hopricks,</HI> 27. <HI>His death, and the rage of the People again&s;t him,</HI> 36.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Peace <HI>made between King</HI> Philip <HI>and the Pope,</HI> 11. <HI>Propo&s;ed between</HI> France <HI>and</HI> Spain, 19. <HI>That of</HI> Pa&s;&s;aw <HI>confirmed,</HI> 28. <HI>That of</HI> Cam|bray <HI>fatal,</HI> 30. <HI>That of</HI> Orleans <HI>di&s;proved by</HI> Coligni, 84. <HI>And by the Fathers of</HI> Trent, 91.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Perrenot <HI>Bi&s;hop of</HI> Arras, 19.</ITEM>
<ITEM><HI>A</HI> Per&s;ecution <HI>in</HI> France, 16. <HI>One de&s;igned in the</HI> Netherlands, 27. <HI>One in</HI> France, 30. <HI>In</HI> Spain, 35. <HI>In</HI> Piedmont, 52. <HI>In the</HI> Netherlands, 55.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Philbert <HI>Duke of</HI> Savoy <HI>his Marriage,</HI> 33.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Pius IV. <HI>Elected,</HI> 36. <HI>Delays the calling of a Council,</HI> 48. <HI>Is at la&s;t per&s;waded to renew that at</HI> Trent, 62. <HI>De&s;pi&s;eth</HI> France, 86. <HI>Afraid of the</HI> French <HI>Bi&s;hops coming to that Council,</HI> 88. <HI>Is promi&s;ed a victory over the Council,</HI> 89. <HI>Reproached by the King of</HI> France, 96. <HI>Pretends to be free from the Ob|ligation of all Laws,</HI> ibid.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Philip II. <HI>King of</HI> Spain, <HI>engaged in a War a|gain&s;t</HI> Paul IV. 8. <HI>And</HI> France, 9. <HI>Leaves the</HI> Netherlands, 35. <HI>He is much commen|ded by Pope</HI> Paul IV. 31. <HI>Endeavoureth to
<PB REF="66">rai&s;e the power of the Bi&s;hops, and depre&s;s; the Pope's in the Council of</HI> Trent, 90. <HI>His Severity much commended there,</HI> 91. <HI>He is &s;ollicited to endeavour the Pre&s;ervation of the</HI> Romi&s;h <HI>Religion in</HI> France, 61.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Poltrot <HI>who A&s;&s;a&s;&s;inated the Duke of</HI> Gui&s;e, <HI>an account of him,</HI> 82.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Princes, <HI>the Pope hath power to depo&s;e them, and to di&s;po&s;e of their Dominions,</HI> 62, 92. <HI>Denied by the King of</HI> France, 94.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Prioli (Lawrence) <HI>Duke of</HI> Venice <HI>dies, and is &s;ucceeded by</HI> Jerome <HI>his Brother,</HI> 36.</ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<HEAD>Q.</HEAD>
<ITEM>QUintin (Jean) <HI>makes a long Apology for the Clergy in the A&s;&s;embly of the three E&s;tates at</HI> Orleance, 51. <HI>He dies of Grief for the Reflections made on it,</HI> ibid.</ITEM>
<ITEM><HI>St.</HI> Quintin <HI>be&s;ieged,</HI> 14. <HI>Taken,</HI> 15.</ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<HEAD>R.</HEAD>
<ITEM>REligion <HI>ought not to be the occa&s;ion of Re|bellions,</HI> 50.</ITEM>
<ITEM><HI>A</HI> Remon&s;trance <HI>of the Prote&s;tant Princes of</HI> Germany, 12.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Riga <HI>Reformed,</HI> 57.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Rouen, <HI>or</HI> Roan <HI>taken by the Prote&s;tants,</HI> 74. <HI>Twice be&s;ieged, and at la&s;t taken by the</HI> Ro|man <HI>Catholicks,</HI> 77.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Rome <HI>prepared for a Siege,</HI> 8. <HI>And might have been taken.</HI></ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<HEAD>S.</HEAD>
<ITEM>SArdinia, <HI>(the I&s;le of) proffered to the King of</HI> Navar, 65.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Savoy <HI>enclined to a Reformation,</HI> 97.</ITEM>
<ITEM><HI>St.</HI> Quintin. <HI>See</HI> Quintin.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Sanfloriano, <HI>a Cardinal,</HI> 10.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Sectaries <HI>never to be &s;uffered,</HI> 51. <HI>But to be &s;e|verely treated,</HI> 91.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Segni, <HI>a &s;trong City in the Papacy taken,</HI> 10.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Seldius, (<HI>Vice</HI>-Chancellor) <HI>Amba&s;&s;ador,</HI> 6.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Siena <HI>con&s;igned to the Duke of</HI> Florence, 10.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Sigeth, <HI>a City in</HI> Hungary <HI>twice be&s;ieged,</HI> 4.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Sleidan (John) <HI>his Death and Character,</HI> 7.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Succe&s;&s;ion <HI>in the Clergy,</HI> 61.</ITEM>
<ITEM><HI>A</HI> Synod <HI>held by the Prote&s;tants of</HI> France <HI>in the time of a violent per&s;ecution,</HI> 31.</ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<HEAD>T.</HEAD>
<ITEM>THermes <HI>a Mar&s;hal of</HI> France <HI>defeated,</HI> 20.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Thionville <HI>taken,</HI> 10.</ITEM>
<ITEM><HI>A</HI> Toleration <HI>granted to the Prote&s;tants of</HI> France, 68.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Tran&s;ylvania <HI>revolts,</HI> 4.</ITEM>
<ITEM><HI>The</HI> Treaty <HI>of</HI> Cambray, 22, 30.</ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<HEAD>V.</HEAD>
<ITEM>VAlence <HI>(the Bi&s;hop of) favours the Refor|mation,</HI> 45.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Valenza <HI>taken,</HI> 9.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Vallidolid, 35.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Va&s;&s;ey, <HI>a Town in</HI> Champaigne, 70.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Vergerius (Paul) <HI>a Cardinal writes again&s;t the Council of</HI> Trent, 62.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Vienne <HI>(the Archbi&s;hop of) for a National Coun|cil,</HI> 45.</ITEM>
<ITEM><HI>The</HI> Vocation <HI>or Call of the Mini&s;try,</HI> 61.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Vinoxberg <HI>taken,</HI> 20.</ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<HEAD>W.</HEAD>
<ITEM>WAr <HI>in</HI> Italy, 8. <HI>Between</HI> France <HI>and</HI> Spain, 14. <HI>In</HI> Piedmont, 53.</ITEM>
<ITEM><HI>The Rea&s;ons of the</HI> Scotch War, 40.</ITEM>
<ITEM><HI>The beginning of the Civil War of</HI> France, 72.</ITEM>
<ITEM>Wentworth <HI>(Lord) Governour of</HI> Calais, 17.</ITEM>
<ITEM>William <HI>Prince of</HI> Henebery <HI>dies,</HI> 36.</ITEM>
<ITEM><HI>Dr.</HI> Wotton <HI>Amba&s;&s;ador in</HI> France, 14. <HI>At</HI> Cambray, 39.</ITEM>
</LIST>
<LIST>
<HEAD>Z.</HEAD>
<ITEM>ZEaland <HI>(the Province of) oppo&s;e the Con|tinuance of the</HI> Spani&s;h <HI>Forces in the</HI> Netherlands, 48.</ITEM>
</LIST>
</DIV1>
<DIV1 TYPE="errata">
<HEAD>ERRATA In the Hi&s;tory.</HEAD>
<P><HI>PAge</HI> 27. <HI>line</HI> 20. <HI>for</HI> Church, <HI>read</HI> Lurch. <HI>l.</HI> 23. <HI>r.</HI> Lewis XII. <HI>p.</HI> 31. <HI>l.</HI> 7. <HI>r.</HI> Torto&s;a. <HI>p.</HI> 32. <HI>l.</HI> 41. <HI>r.</HI> Ambitious as Lucifer him&s;elf; That he. <HI>p.</HI> 36. <HI>l.</HI> 38. concerning. <HI>r.</HI> call'd. <HI>p.</HI> 39. <HI>l.</HI> 47. <HI>r.</HI> Brindi&s;i. <HI>p.</HI> 43. <HI>l.</HI> 29. En&s;ure. <HI>r.</HI> En|&s;nare. <HI>p.</HI> 45. Work <HI>r.</HI> Rock. <HI>p.</HI> 46. &sect;. 2. <HI>l.</HI> 1. re&s;um'd <HI>r.</HI> repeated, <HI>p.</HI> 80. Sturney <HI>r.</HI> Sturmius, as oft as it occurs, <HI>p.</HI> 94. <HI>l.</HI> 38. our <HI>r.</HI> your, <HI>p.</HI> 115. <HI>l.</HI> 36. Cantreck <HI>r.</HI> Lautrec, <HI>p.</HI> 119. <HI>l.</HI> 5. Anbald <HI>r.</HI> Anhalt, <HI>p.</HI> 134. <HI>l.</HI> 52. <HI>r.</HI> Vey. <HI>p.</HI> 143. <HI>l.</HI> 10. convenient <HI>r.</HI> inconvenient, <HI>p.</HI> 157. <HI>l.</HI> 14. <HI>r.</HI> Nordlinghen. <HI>p.</HI> 170. <HI>l.</HI> 37. 740. <HI>r.</HI> 728. <HI>p.</HI> 184. <HI>l.</HI> 58. <HI>r.</HI> Mecklenbourgh. <HI>p.</HI> 189. <HI>l.</HI> 1. <HI>r.</HI> out of his, <HI>&amp;c. p.</HI> 200. <HI>l.</HI> 63. danger <HI>r.</HI> hunger. <HI>p.</HI> 206. <HI>l.</HI> 21. Campodune <HI>r.</HI> Kempten <HI>p.</HI> 209. <HI>l.</HI> 61. fir&s;t <HI>r.</HI> fifth. <HI>p.</HI> 215. <HI>l.</HI> 21. impre&s;&s;ion upon <HI>r.</HI> inroad into. <HI>p.</HI> 230. <HI>l.</HI> 34. <HI>r.</HI> Pomerania. <HI>p.</HI> 232. <HI>l.</HI> 36. <HI>r.</HI> Aleander. <HI>p.</HI> 242. <HI>l.</HI> 10. <HI>r.</HI> John the Vaivod. <HI>p.</HI> 264. <HI>l.</HI> 52. <HI>r.</HI> did not only, &amp;c. <HI>p.</HI> 269. <HI>l.</HI> 45. <HI>r.</HI> Bu|daeus, <HI>p.</HI> 270. <HI>l.</HI> 24. <HI>r.</HI> than that that long, &amp;c. <HI>p.</HI> 284. <HI>l.</HI> 26. Indico <HI>r.</HI> Ynigo. <HI>l.</HI> 45. <HI>r.</HI> Rene. <HI>p.</HI> 287. <HI>l.</HI> 16. Mark <HI>r.</HI> Work. <HI>p.</HI> 288. <HI>l.</HI> 48. Religion <HI>r.</HI> Provinces. <HI>p.</HI> 289. Compert <HI>r.</HI> Rampart. <HI>p.</HI> 292. <HI>l.</HI> 28. <HI>r.</HI> Vendo&s;me. <HI>l</HI> 29. Ni|vern <HI>r.</HI> Nevers. <HI>p.</HI> 293. Concord <HI>r.</HI> Coun&s;el. <HI>p.</HI> 294. <HI>l.</HI> 6. <HI>r.</HI> fir&s;t place to be, &amp;c. <HI>p.</HI> 317. <HI>l.</HI> 14. edge <HI>r.</HI> Egge. <HI>p.</HI> 338. <HI>l.</HI> 38. Ozias <HI>r.</HI> Uzziah. <HI>p.</HI> 356. <HI>l.</HI> 40. <HI>r.</HI> Mentz. <HI>p.</HI> 361. <HI>l.</HI> 53. E&s;dras <HI>r.</HI> Ezrah. <HI>p.</HI> 363. <HI>l.</HI> 13. &s;lept <HI>r.</HI> &s;tept. <HI>p.</HI> 443. <HI>l.</HI> 8. <HI>r.</HI> Ebbleben. <HI>p.</HI> 435. <HI>r.</HI> Nevers. <HI>p.</HI> 439. <HI>l.</HI> 30. implorable <HI>r.</HI> implacable. <HI>p.</HI> 441. <HI>l.</HI> 50. &s;everity <HI>r.</HI> &s;ecurity. <HI>p.</HI> 447. <HI>l.</HI> 20. <HI>r.</HI> Vicenza. <HI>l.</HI> 24. <HI>r.</HI> Morone. <HI>l.</HI> 27. <HI>r.</HI> Santacruce. <HI>p.</HI> 468. <HI>l.</HI> 35. Pecord <HI>r.</HI> Record. <HI>r.</HI> Rifeberg. <HI>l</HI> 48. <HI>r.</HI> Rochlitz. <HI>p.</HI> 471. would <HI>r.</HI> &s;hould. <HI>p.</HI> 473. <HI>l.</HI> 11. <HI>r.</HI> Fano. <HI>p.</HI> 475. <HI>l.</HI> 28. <HI>r.</HI> Ca&s;a. <HI>p.</HI> 477. <HI>l.</HI> 19. Gelou <HI>r.</HI> Gelenius. <HI>p.</HI> 478. <HI>l.</HI> 50. Fez <HI>r.</HI> Tunis. <HI>p.</HI> 481. <HI>l.</HI> 19. <HI>r.</HI> Matthias Flaccius Hlyricus, and as oft as it occurs. <HI>p.</HI> 518. <HI>l.</HI> 23. <HI>r.</HI> Vi|enna. <HI>p.</HI> 519. <HI>l.</HI> 34. <HI>r.</HI> Lewis Hutin. <HI>p.</HI> 531. <HI>l.</HI> 41. with <HI>r.</HI> of. <HI>p.</HI> 545. <HI>l.</HI> 60. would <HI>r.</HI> &s;hould. <HI>p.</HI> 554. <HI>l.</HI> 38. <HI>r.</HI> Bay|onne. <HI>p.</HI> 580. <HI>In the Contents, l.</HI> 4. Albert <HI>r.</HI> Maurice. <HI>p.</HI> 594. <HI>l.</HI> 33. <HI>r.</HI> Bla&s;&s;eburg. <HI>p.</HI> 618. <HI>l.</HI> 58. <HI>r.</HI> Barbara.</P>
</DIV1>
<DIV1 TYPE="errata">
<HEAD>In the Continuation.</HEAD>
<P><HI>PAg.</HI> 8. <HI>l.</HI> 55. Security <HI>r.</HI> Severity, <HI>p.</HI> 10. <HI>l.</HI> 18. <HI>r.</HI> brought together an Army. <HI>p.</HI> 28. <HI>l.</HI> 15. drought <HI>r.</HI> draught. <HI>p.</HI> 25. <HI>l.</HI> 2. 1233. <HI>r.</HI> 1523. <HI>p.</HI> 28. <HI>r.</HI> 600000 Growns. <HI>p.</HI> 56. <HI>l.</HI> 62. peri&s;hed <HI>r.</HI> per&s;i&s;ted. <HI>l.</HI> 59. <HI>r.</HI> from Zu|rich. <HI>p.</HI> 60. <HI>l.</HI> 41. thing <HI>r.</HI> nothing. <HI>p.</HI> 90. <HI>l.</HI> 11. Annals <HI>r.</HI> Annates.</P>
</DIV1>
</BACK>
</TEXT>
</EEBO>
</ETS>
