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<DATE>2008-03-11</DATE>
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<NAME>Pip Willcox</NAME>
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<HEAD>The State of the CASE BETWEEN <HI>DENMARK</HI> and <HI>SWEDEN.</HI></HEAD>
<P>IN the Year of our Lord, 1654. on the 15^t^h day of <HI>September,</HI> a League of Amity and Friend&s;hip was concluded, and afterwards on both &s;ides ratified, between the King and Kingdom of <HI>Denmark</HI> on the one part, and the Lord Protector and Commonwealth of <HI>England, Scotland and Ireland,</HI> &amp;c. on the other part, whereof this is the fir&s;t Article.</P>
<DIV2 TYPE="article">
<HEAD>Article I.</HEAD>
<P>Quod ab hoc die erit firma, integra &amp; &s;inc&eacute;ra Amicitia, Pax &amp; Confaederatio, tam Mari quam Terr&acirc;, &amp; Aquis dul|cibus, inter Regem Regnum&abque; <HI>Daniae &amp; Norvegiae,</HI> &amp; Protectorem &amp; Rempublicam <HI>Angliae, Scotiae</HI> &amp; <HI>Hiberniae</HI> nec non Dominia, Regiones ac Civitates &s;ub utriu&s;que ditione po&s;itas, Populumque, Incolas &amp; Subditos alterutrius, cuju&s;cun&abque; gradus &amp; dignitatis fuerint; ita ut neutra pars, Populu&s;ve aut &s;ubditi alterutrius, neque per &s;e, neque per alios, direct&egrave; vel indirect&egrave; quicquam agat, vel quantum in &s;e est, agi permittat in damnum aut praejudicium alterius, ver&ugrave;m altera alteram bonis officiis adjuvabit atque alterius rem &amp; commodum pro virili promovebit. That is to &s;ay,</P>
<P>That from this day &s;hall be a firm, entire and &s;incere Amity, Peace and Confederacy, as well by Sea, as Land and fre&s;h Waters, between the King and Kingdom of <HI>Denmark</HI> and <HI>Norway,</HI> and the Protector and Commonwealth of <HI>England, Scotland</HI> and <HI>Ireland,</HI> together with the Dominions, Countreys and Cities in the Juri&s;diction of either; as al&s;o between the People, Inhabitants and Subjects of both, of what Degree or Dignity &s;oever; &s;o as neither Part, People, or Sub|jects of either, neither by them&s;elves, nor others, directly or indirectly may do any thing, nor as much as in them lies, may &s;uffer to be done, to the Damage or Prejudice of the other; but that the one &s;hall aid the other by all good offices, and &s;hall advance the Welfare and Profit of the other to his utmo&s;t Power.</P>
<P><NOTE PLACE="marg">Printed here in London at the star in S^t <HI>Pauls</HI> Churchyard.</NOTE>Three Yeers after this League thus made, that is to &s;ay, in the Yeer 1657. after the <HI>Danes</HI> had received many great and notorious Wrongs and Injuries from the King and Kingdome of <HI>Sweden,</HI> and being further threatned by them to be wor&s;e dealt with, as may be &s;een more at large in the <HI>Dani&s;h</HI> Manife&s;t, called <HI>Jus feciale Ar|matae Daniae</HI>: They betook them&s;elves to their Arms. But this Warre being ended through the Mediation of <HI>England</HI> and <HI>France,</HI> and the Peace concluded at <HI>Rot&s;hilt</HI> in <HI>February</HI> la&s;t, was Signed by the Publick Mini&s;ters of the mo&s;t Chri&s;tian King, and his late Highne&s;s the Lord Protector, who thereby became Sureties for the &s;ame, as is more fully &s;et forth in a Relation of the Affairs between the two Northern Kings, Printed in this City about a Moneth &s;ince.<NOTE PLACE="marg">To be &s;old at the &s;ign of the ship in S^t <HI>Pauls</HI> Churchyard.</NOTE></P>
<P>This Peace the King of <HI>Sweden</HI> kept, till he had got into his hands four or five Provinces, wherein were many Strong|holds, and had received other Advantages granted to him by the &s;aid Treaty of Peace; but being bound by the &s;ame to quit all the Territories of the King of <HI>Danmark,</HI> in which at that time his Army lay quartered, in &s;tead of Marching away, he Marched back again into the I&s;le of <HI>Zealand,</HI> be&s;ieged the Ca&s;tle of <HI>Cronenburg</HI> and took it, laid al&s;o Siege to <HI>Coppen|haguen,</HI> which although it &s;ucceeded not, yet he threatneth to be&s;iege again; and he &s;hould have no better Succe&s;s than he had before, he endeavoureth to engage us in his Quarrel, and by the help of our Navy to make him&s;elf Ma&s;ter of the three Northern Kingdoms, as he is already of the <HI>Baltick</HI>-Sea, and the Ports thereof.</P>
<P>In the beginning of this &s;econd Inua&s;ion, the King of <HI>Denmark,</HI> made full account, that the Mo&s;t-Chri&s;tian King of <HI>France,</HI> and his late Highne&s;s the Lord Protector, were bound in Honour, to &s;ee the contents of that Treaty of Peace, whereof they were Mediators and Sureties, as well performed on the <HI>Swedi&s;h</HI> &s;ide, as he had done on his, and implored their Aide to that purpo&s;e: but finding no Relief from <HI>England</HI> (whether the indi&s;po&s;ition of his Highne&s;s, or &s;ome|thing el&s;e was the cau&s;e) he &s;ought for Aide from &s;uch of his Neighbours, as had tenderne&s;s enough, not to &s;ee a King and all his Royall Progenie unju&s;tly oppre&s;&s;ed: among&s;t tho&s;e Friends and Neighbours were the States Generall of the United Provinces, who were bound to defend Him by a defen&s;ive League, concluded between them and that King in the Year 1649. But before they came to put in execution what they were obliedged to do, they endeavoured to &s;atisfie his Highne&s;s, concerning the ju&s;tice and nece&s;&s;ity thereof, and to demon&s;trate to him the inconveniencies, that would ari&s;e to the Commonwealth of <HI>England</HI> it &s;elf, if the King of <HI>Sweden</HI> &s;hould become &s;ole Ma&s;ter of all tho&s;e parts; and more|over manife&s;ted their de&s;ire, that his Highne&s;s would be plea&s;ed to cooperate with them, for the compo&s;ing of tho&s;e diffe|rences, which were grown to that height, between the two Northern Kings: and his &s;aid Highne&s;s being decea&s;ed, they continued to u&s;e the &s;ame in&s;tance with this pre&s;ent Lord Protector, declaring, that they intended nothing, but what might be equally to the good and profit of this Nation, as well as of their Own, in any Liberty or Priviledge of Trade and Na|vigation, not de&s;iring the lea&s;t advantage to their own Subjects more then to us, although their endeavours to pre&s;erve tho&s;e Liberties had already been expen&s;ive to them, both in Blood and Trea&s;ure.</P>
<P>From the&s;e precedent con&s;iderations, we may propo&s;e the&s;e following Queries.</P>
<LIST>
<ITEM>I. Whether the Commonwealth of <HI>England,</HI> &amp;<HI>c.</HI> can in con&s;cience break their Pulick Faith and Treaty with <HI>Denmark,</HI> without any cau&s;e given ?</ITEM>
<ITEM>II. Whether the &s;aid Commonwealth be not bound in Honour, to &s;ee the Treaty of Peace between the two Northern Kings, whereof his late Highne&s;s was Mediator and Surety, performed on both &s;ides; obliedging him, who hath violated the Treaty, to give due reparation, for the dammage received by the party injured ?</ITEM>
<ITEM>III. Whether it be for the Intere&s;t of the <HI>Engli&s;h,</HI> in their Trade and Navigation to the Baltick Sea, that all the Ea&s;tland Com|modities, be in the power of one Prince, who either may withhold them, or rai&s;e thereupon any arbitrary Tolls and Cu&s;toms, though never &s;o exce&s;sive ?</ITEM>
<ITEM>IV. Whether it be very &s;afe for this Commonwealth, that one Prince &s;hould be the &s;ole Dominator of all the North; and whether <HI>England</HI> hath not rea&s;on to fear the &s;ame Inconveniencies from thence, which it has felt heretofore, when tho&s;e three Kingdoms had but one King, and he &s;till to conte&s;t with tho&s;e Vandalick Cities, which now are in the King of <HI>Swedens</HI> power.</ITEM>
<ITEM>V. Whether the Offers and De&s;ires of the States Generall; that we would joyn with them to the compo&s;ing of tho&s;e Differences between the two Northern Kings, by way of Mediation, be not rather to be accepted, then that we &s;hould involve our &s;elves in an unju&s;t and dangerous Warre, wherein a Victory may prove of wor&s;e con&s;equence to our own Countrey, then an overthrow ?</ITEM>
<ITEM>VI. Or whether Con&s;cience, Honour, our Trade and Navigation, and our Fleet, yea the &s;afety of the State, ought to be &s;et at &s;take, to grati&s;ie the <HI>French,</HI> our Friends at pre&s;ent; who doubtle&s;s for one of the&s;e two rea&s;ons, endeavours to engage us in this over-ha&s;ty Warre, again&s;t both our Intere&s;ts and our Allies; either that they may thereby advance and enlarge their Conque&s;t upon the <HI>German</HI> Empire, and make them&s;elves Ma&s;ters of all <HI>Flanders,</HI> this Campagna; or rather that they may &s;et all Prote&s;tant Prin|ces and States at variance, then make Peace with <HI>Spain,</HI> and &s;o at la&s;t Extirpate the <HI>Prote&s;tant Religion,</HI> having fir&s;t weakned the Defenders thereof by their own Arms ?</ITEM>
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<TRAILER>FINIS.</TRAILER>
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