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<DATE>2007-08-28</DATE>
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<NAME>Angela Berkley</NAME>
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<PB N="1" REF="1" MS="y">
<HEAD>Of Education. To Ma&s;ter Samuel Hartlib.</HEAD>
<OPENER><SALUTE>Ma&s;ter Hartlib,</SALUTE></OPENER>
<P>_I Am long &s;ince per&s;waded, that to &s;ay, ot doe ought worth memory,
and imitation, no purpo&s;e or re&s;pect &s;hould &s;ooner move us, then
&s;imply the love of God, and of mankinde. Neverthele&s;&s;e to write
now the reforming of Education, though it be one of the greate&s;t
and noble&s;t de&s;ignes, that can be thought on, and for the want
whereof this nation peri&s;hes, I had not yet at this time been in|duc't,
but by your earne&s;t entreaties, and &s;erious conjurements; as having my
minde for the pre&s;ent halfe diverted in the per&s;uance of &s;ome other a&s;&s;ertions, the
knowledge and the u&s;e of which, cannot but be a great furtherance both to the en|largement
of truth, and hone&s;t living, with much more peace. Nor &s;hould the
lawes of any private friend&s;hip have prevail'd with me to divide thus, or tran&s;po&s;e
my former thoughts, but that I &s;ee tho&s;e aims, tho&s;e actions which have won you
with me the e&s;teem of a per&s;on &s;ent hither by &s;ome good providence from a farre
country to be the occa&s;ion and the incitement of great good to this Iland. And,
as I hear, you have obtain'd the &s;ame repute with men of mo&s;t approved wi&s;dom,
and &s;ome of highe&s;t authority among us. Not to mention the learned corre&s;pon|dence
which you hold in forreigne parts, and the extraordinary pains and diligence
which you have u&s;'d in this matter both heer, and beyond the Seas; either by the
definite will of God &s;o ruling, or the peculiar &s;way of nature, which al&s;o is Gods
working. Neither can I thinke that &s;o reputed, and &s;o valu'd as you are, you would
to the forfeit of your own di&s;cerning ability, impo&s;e upon me an unfit and over
ponderous argument, but that the &s;atisfaction which you profe&s;&s;e to have receiv'd
from tho&s;e incidentall di&s;cour&s;es which we have wander'd into, hath pre&s;t &amp; almo&s;t
con&s;train'd you into a per&s;wa&s;ion, that what you require from me in this point, I
neither ought, nor can in con&s;cience deferre beyond this time both of &s;o much need
at once, and &s;o much opportunity to trie what God hath determin'd. I will not
re&s;i&s;t therefore, what ever it is either of divine, or humane obligement that you lay
upon me; but will forthwith &s;et down in writing, as you reque&s;t me, that vo|luntary
<HI>Idea,</HI> which hath long in &s;ilence pre&s;ented it &s;elf to me, of a better Educati|on,
in extent and comprehen&s;ion farre more large, and yet of time farre &s;horter,
and of attainment farre more certain, then hath been yet in practice. Briefe I &s;hall
endeavour to be; for that which I have to &s;ay, a&s;&s;uredly this nation hath extreame
need &s;hould be done &s;ooner then &s;pok'n. To tell you therefore what I have bene|fited
herein among old renowned Authors, I &s;hall &s;pare; and to &s;earch what many
modern <HI>Ianua's</HI> and <HI>Didactics</HI> more then ever I &s;hall read, have projected, my in|clination
leads me not. But if you can accept of the&s;e few ob&s;ervations which have
flowr'd off, and are as it were the burni&s;hing of many &s;tudious and contemplative
yeers altogether &s;pent in the &s;earch of religious and civil knowledge, and &s;uch as
plea&s;'d you &s;o well in the relating, I here give you them to di&s;po&s;e of.</P>
<P><PB N="2" REF="2">
The end then of learning is to repair the ruins of our fir&s;t parents by regaining to
know God aright, and out of that knowledge to love him, to imitate him, to be
like him, as we may the neere&s;t by po&s;&s;e&s;&s;ing our &s;ouls of true vertue&punc; which being
united to the heavenly grace of faith makes up the highe&s;t perfection. But becau&s;e
our under&s;tanding cannot in this body found it &s;elfe but on &s;en&s;ible things, not
arrive &s;o cleerly to the knowledge of God and things invi&s;ible, as by orderly
conning over the vi&s;ible and inferior creature, the &s;ame method is nece&s;&s;arily
to be follow'd in all di&s;creet teaching. And &s;eeing every nation affords not ex|perience
and tradition anough for all kinde of learning, therefore we are chiefly
taught the languages of tho&s;e people who have at any time been mo&s;t indu&s;trious
after wi&s;dom; So that language is but the in&s;trument convaying to us things u&s;e|full
to be known. And though a lingui&s;t &s;hould pride him&s;elfe to have all the
tongues that <HI>Babel</HI> cleft the world into, yet, if he have not &s;tudied the &s;olid things
in them as well as the words and lexicons, he were nothing &s;o much to be
e&s;teem'd a learned man, as any yeoman or trade&s;man competently wi&s;e in
his mother dialect only. Hence appear the many mi&s;takes which have made
learning generally &s;o unplea&s;ing and &s;o un&s;uccesfull; fir&s;t we do ami&s;&s;e to &s;pend
&s;even or eight yeers meerly in &s;craping together &s;o much mi&s;erable Latin, and
Greek, as might be learnt otherwi&s;e ea&s;ily and delightfully in one yeer. And that
which ca&s;ts our proficiency therein &s;o much behinde, is our time lo&s;t partly in too
oft idle vacancies given both to &s;chools and Univer&s;ities, partly in a prepo&s;terous ex|action,
forcing the empty wits of children to compo&s;e Theams, ver&s;es, and Orations,
which are the acts of ripe&s;t judgement and the finall work of a head fill'd by long
reading, and ob&s;erving, with elegant maxims, and copious invention. The&s;e are
not matters to be writing from poor &s;triplings, like blood out of the no&s;e, or the
plucking of untimely fruit: be&s;ides the all habit which they get of wretched barba|rizing
again&s;t the Latin and Greek <HI>idiom,</HI> with their untutor'd <HI>Anglici&s;ms,</HI> odious
to be read, yet not to be avoided without a well continu'd and judicious con|ver&s;ing
among pure Authors dige&s;ted, which they &s;carce ta&s;te, wheras if after &s;ome
preparatory grounds of &s;peech by their certain forms got into memory, they were
led to the praxis thereof in &s;ome cho&s;en &s;hort book le&s;&s;on'd throughly to them, they
might then forthwith proceed to l<GAP DESC="illegible" EXTENT="1 letter">arn the &s;ub&s;tance of good things, and Arts in
due order, which would bring the whole language quickly into their power. This
I take to be the mo&s;t rationall and mo&s;t profitable way of learning languages, and
whereby we may be&s;t hope to give account to God of our youth &s;pent herein: And
for the u&s;uall method of teaching Arts, I deem it to be an old errour of univer&s;ities
not yet well recover'd from the Schola&s;tick gro&s;ne&s;&s;e of barbarous ages, that in
&s;tead of beginning with Arts mo&s;t ea&s;ie, and tho&s;e be &s;uch as are mo&s;t obvious to
the &s;ence, they pre&s;ent their young unmatriculated novices at fir&s;t comming with the
mo&s;t intellective ab&s;tractions of Logick &amp; metaphy&s;icks: So that they having but new|ly
left tho&s;e Grammatick flats &amp; &s;hallows where they &s;tuck unrea&s;onably to learn
a few words with lamentable con&s;truction, and new on the &s;udden tran&s;ported under
another climat to be to&s;t and turmoild with their unb<GAP DESC="illegible" EXTENT="1 letter">lla&s;ted wits in fadomles and
unquiet deeps of controver&s;ie, do for the mo&s;t part grow into hatred and contempt of
learning, mockt and deluded all this while with ragged notions and babblements,
while they expected worthy and delightfull knowledge; till poverty or youthfull
yeers call them importunately their &s;everall wayes, and ha&s;ten them with the &s;way

<PB N="3" REF="2">
of friends either to an ambitious and mercenary, or ignorantly zealous Divinity;
Some a&s;&s;ur'd to the trade of Law, grounding their purpo&s;es not on the prudent, and
heavenly contemplation of ju&s;tice and equity which was never taught them, but
on the promi&s;ing and plea&s;ing thoughts of litigious terms, fat contentions, and
flowing &s;ees; others betake them to State affairs, with &s;ouls &s;o unprincipl'd in vertue,
and true generous breeding, that flattery, and court &s;hifts and tyrannous aphori&s;mes
appear to them the highe&s;t points of wi&s;dom; in&s;tilling their barren hearts with a
con&s;cientious &s;lavery, if, as, I rather think, it be not fain'd. Others la&s;tly of a
more delicious and airie &s;pirit, retire them&s;elves knowing no better, to the enjoy|ments
of ea&s;e and luxury, living out their daies in fea&s;t and jollity, which indeed
is the wi&s;e&s;t and the &s;afe&s;t cour&s;e of all the&s;e, unle&s;&s;e they were with more integrity
undertak'n. And the&s;e are the errours, and the&s;e are the fruits of mi&s;pending our
prime youth at the Schools and Univer&s;ities as we do, either in learning meere words
or &s;uch things chiefly, as were better unlearnt.</P>
<P>I &s;hall detain you now no longer in the demon&s;tration of what we &s;hould not
doe, but &s;trait conduct ye to a hill &s;ide, where I will point ye out the right path of
a vertuous and noble Education; laborious indeed at the fir&s;t a&s;cent, but el&s;e &s;o
&s;mooth, &s;o green, &s;o full of goodly pro&s;pect, and melodious &s;ounds on every &s;ide,
that the harp of <HI>Orpheus</HI> was not more charming. I doubt not but ye &s;hall have more
adoe to drive our dulle&s;t and lazie&s;t youth, our &s;tocks and &s;tubbs from the infinite
de&s;ire of &s;uch a happy nurture, then we have now to hale and drag our choi&s;e&s;t and
hopefulle&s;t wits to that a&s;inine fea&s;t of &s;owthi&s;tles and brambles which is com|monly
&s;et before them, as all the food and entertainment of their tendere&s;t and mo&s;t
docible age. I call therefore a compleate and generous Education that which fits
a man to perform ju&s;tly, skilfully and magnanimou&s;ly all the offices both private
and publike of peace and war. And how all this may be done between twelve, and
one and twenty, le&s;&s;e time then is now be&s;tow'd in pure trifling at Grammar and
<HI>Sophi&s;try,</HI> is to be thus order'd.</P>
<P>Fir&s;t to finde out a &s;p<GAP DESC="illegible" EXTENT="1 letter">tious hou&s;e and ground about it fit for an <HI>Academy,</HI> and
big enough to lodge a hundred and fifty per&s;ons, whereof twenty or thereabout
may be attendants, all under the government of one, who &s;hall be thought of de|&s;ert
&s;ufficient, and ability either to doe all, or wi&s;ely to direct, and over&s;ee it done.
This place &s;hould be at once both School and Univer&s;ity, not needing a remove to
any other hou&s;e of Scholler&s;hip, except it be &s;ome peculiar Colledge of Law, or
Phy&s;ick where they mean to be practitioners; but as for tho&s;e generall &s;tudies which
take up all our time from Lilly to the commencing, as they term it, Ma&s;ter of Art, it
&s;hould be ab&s;olute. After this pattern, as many edifices may be converted to this u&s;e,
as &s;hall be needfull in every City throughout this land, which would tend much to
the encrea&s;e of learning and civility every where. This number, le&s;&s;e or more thus
collected, to the convenience of a foot company, or interchangeably two troops
of cavalry, &s;hould divide their daies work into three parts, as it lies orderly.
Their &s;tudies, their exerci&s;e, and their diet.</P>
<P>For their &s;tudies, Fir&s;t they &s;hould begin with the chief and nece&s;&s;ary rules of
&s;ome good Grammar, either that now u&s;'d, or any better: and while this is doing,
their &s;peech is to be fa&s;hion'd to a di&s;tinct and cleer pronuntiation, as neer as may
be to the <HI>Italian,</HI> e&s;pecially in the vowels. For we Engli&s;hmen being farre norther|ly,
doe not open our mouthe<GAP DESC="illegible" EXTENT="1 letter"> in the cold air, wide enough to grace a Southern

<PB N="4" REF="3">
tongue; but are ob&s;erv'd by all other nations to &s;peak exceeding clo&s;e and inward:
So that to &s;matter Latin with an engli&s;h mouth, is as ill a hearing as law French.
Next to make them expert in the u&s;efulle&s;t points of grammar, and withall to &s;ea|&s;on
them, and win them early to the love of vertue and true labour, ere any flat|tering
&s;educement, or <GAP DESC="illegible" EXTENT="2 letters">m principle &s;elfe them wandering, &s;ome ea&s;ie and delight|full
book of Education would be read to them; whereof the Greeks have &s;tore as
<HI><GAP DESC="illegible" EXTENT="1 word">, Plutarch,</HI> and other Socratic di&s;cour&s;es. But in Latin we have none of
cla&s;&s;ic authoritie extant, except the two or three fir&s;t books of <HI>Quintilian,</HI> and
&s;ome &s;elect peeces el&s;e where. But here the main skill and groundwork will be, to
temper them &s;uch lectures and explanations upon every opportunity, as may lead and
draw them in willing obedience, enflam'd with the &s;tudy of learning, and the
admiration of vertue; &s;tirr'd up with high hopes of living to be brave men, and
worthy patriots, dear to God, and famous to all ages. That they may de&s;pi&s;e and
&s;corn all their childi&s;h, and ill taught qualities, to delight in manly, and liberall
exerci&s;es: which he who hath the Art, and proper eloquence to catch them with,
what with mild and effectuall per&s;wa&s;ions, and what with the intimation of &s;ome
fear, if need be, but chiefly by his own example, might in a &s;hort &s;pace gain them
to an incredible diligence and courage: infu&s;ing into their young bre&s;ts &s;uch an in|genuous
and noble ardor, as would not fail to make many of them renowned and
matchle&s;&s;e men. At the &s;ame time, &s;ome other hour of the day, might be taught
them the rules of Arithmetick, and &s;oon after the elements of Geometry even play|ing,
as the old manner was. After evening repa&s;t, till bed time their thoughts will be
be&s;t taken up in the ea&s;ie grounds of Religion, and the &s;tory of Scripture. The
next &s;tep would be to the Authors of <HI>Agriculture, Cato, Varro,</HI> and <HI>Columella,</HI> for
the matter is mo&s;t ea&s;ie, and if the language be difficult, &s;o much the better, it is
not a difficultie above their yeers. And here will be an occa&s;ion of inciting and in|abling
them hereafter to improve the tillage of their country, to recover the bad
&s;oil, and to remedy the wa&s;t that is made of good: for this was one of Hercules
prai&s;es. Ere halfe the&s;e Authors be read, which will &s;oon be with plying hard,
and dayly, they cannot choo&s;e but be ma&s;ters of any ordinary pro&s;e. So that it will
be then &s;ea&s;onable for them to learn in any modern Author, the u&s;e of the Globes,
and all the maps fir&s;t with the old names; and then with the new: or they might be
then capable to read any compendious method of naturall Philo&s;ophy. And at the
&s;ame time might be entring into the Greek tongue, after the &s;ame manner as was
before pre&s;crib'd in the Latin; whereby the difficulties of Grammar being &s;oon
overcome, all the Hi&s;toricall Phy&s;iology of <HI>Ari&s;totle</HI> and <HI>Theophra&s;tus</HI> are open be|fore
them, and as I may &s;ay, under contribution. The like acce&s;&s;e will be to Vi|truvius,
to <HI>Senecas</HI> naturall que&s;tions, to <HI>Mela, Celsus, Pliny,</HI> or <HI>Solinus.</HI> And
having thus pa&s;t the principles of <HI>Arithmetic, Geometry, A&s;tronomy,</HI> and <HI>Geography</HI>
with a generall compact of Phy&s;icks, they may de&s;cend in <HI>Mathematicks</HI> to the in|&s;trumentall
&s;cience of <HI>Trigonometry,</HI> and from thence to Fortification, <HI>Architecture,</HI>
Enginry, or navigation. And in naturall Philo&s;ophy they may proceed lei&s;urly
from the Hi&s;tory of <HI>Meteors,</HI> minerals, plants and living creatures as farre as
Anatomy. Then al&s;o in cour&s;e might be read to them out of &s;ome not tedious wri|ter
the in&s;titution of Phy&s;ick; that they may know the tempers, the humors, the &s;ea|&s;ons,
and how to manage a crudity: which he who can wi&s;ely and timely doe, is
not onely a great Phy&s;ician to him&s;elfe, and to his friends, but al&s;o may at &s;ome

<PB N="5" REF="3">
time or other, &s;ave an Army by this frugall, and expencele&s;&s;e meanes only; and
not let the healthy and &s;tout bodies of young men rot away under him for want of
this di&s;cipline; which is a great pitty, and no le&s;&s;e a &s;hame to the commander. To &s;et
forward all the&s;e proceedings in nature &amp; mathematicks, what hinders, but that they
may procure, as oft as &s;hall be needfull, the helpfull experiences of Hunters, fowlers,
Fi&s;hermen, Shepherds, Gardeners, <HI>Apothecaries;</HI> and in the other &s;ciences, <HI>Architects</HI>
Engineers, Mariners, <HI>Anatomi&s;ts;</HI> who doubtle&s;&s;e would be ready &s;ome for re|ward,
and &s;ome to favour &s;uch a hopefull Seminary. And this will give them &s;uch
a reall tincture of naturall knowledge, as they &s;hall never forget, but dayly aug|ment
with delight. Then al&s;o tho&s;e Poets which are now counted mo&s;t hard, will
be both facil and plea&s;ant, <HI>Orpheus, He&s;iod, Theocritus, Aratus, Nicander, Oppian,
Diony&s;ius</HI> and in Latin <HI>Lucretius, Manilius,</HI> and the rurall part of Virgil.</P>
<P>By this time, yeers and good generall precepts will have furni&s;ht them more
di&s;tinctly with that act of rea&s;on which in <HI>Ethics</HI> is call'd <HI>Proa<GAP DESC="illegible" EXTENT="1 letter">re&s;is:</HI> that they may
with &s;ome judgement contemplat upon morall good and evill. Then will be re|quir'd
a &s;peciall reinforcement of con&s;tant and &s;ound endoctrinating to &s;et them
right and firm, in&s;tructing them more amply in the knowledge of vertue and the
hatred of vice: while their young and pliant affections are led through all the
morall works of <HI>Plato, Xenophon, Cicero, Plutarch, Laertius,</HI> and tho&s;e <HI>Locrian</HI>
remnants; but &s;till to be reduc't in their nightward &s;tudies wherewith they clo&s;e
the dayes work, under the determinat &s;entence of <HI>David,</HI> or <HI>Salomon,</HI> or the
Evangels and <HI>Apo&s;tolic</HI> &s;criptures. Being perfit in the knowledge of per&s;onall duty,
they may then begin the &s;tudy of Economies. And either now, or before this, they
may have ea&s;ily learnt at any odde hour the <HI>Italian</HI> tongue. And &s;oon after, but
with warine&s;&s;e, and good antidote, it would be whol&s;ome anough to let them ta&s;t
&s;ome choi&s;e comedies Greek, Latin, or <HI>Italian:</HI> Tho&s;e tragedies al&s;o that treate
of hou&s;hold matters, as <HI>Trachiniae, Alce&s;tis</HI> and the like. The next remove mu&s;t be
to the &s;tudy of <HI>Politics;</HI> to know the beginning, end, and rea&s;ons of politicall
&s;ocieties; that they may not in a dangerous fit of the common-wealth be &s;uch poor,
&s;haken, uncertain reeds, of &s;uch a tottering con&s;cience, as many of our great
coun&s;ellers have lately &s;hewn them&s;elves, but &s;tedfa&s;t pillars of the State. After
this they are to dive into the grounds of law, and legall ju&s;tice; deliver'd fir&s;t, and
with be&s;t warrant by <HI>Mo&s;es;</HI> and as farre as humane prudence can be tru&s;ted, in
tho&s;e extoll'd remains of Grecian Law-givers, <HI>Lycurgus, Solon, Zaleucus, Cha|rondas,</HI>
and thence to all the Romane <HI>Edicts</HI> and tables with their <HI><GAP DESC="illegible" EXTENT="1 letter">u&s;tinian;</HI> and &s;o
down to the <HI>Saxon</HI> and common laws of England, and the Statutes. Sundayes al&s;o
and every evening may be now under&s;tandingly &s;pent in the highe&s;t matters of
<HI>Theology,</HI> and Church Hi&s;tory ancient and modern: and ere this time the Hebrew
tongue at a &s;et hour might have been gain'd, that the Scriptures may be now read
in their own originall; whereto it would be no impo&s;&s;ibility to adde the <HI>Chaldey,</HI>
and the <HI>Syrian</HI> dialect. When all the&s;e employments are well conquer'd, then will
the choi&s;e Hi&s;tories, <HI>heroic poems,</HI> and <HI>Attic</HI> tragedies of &s;tatlie&s;t, and mo&s;t regal
argument, with all the famous Politicall orations offer them&s;elves; which if they
were not only read; but &s;ome of them got by memory, and &s;olemnly pronounc't
with right accent, and grace, as might be taught, would endue them even with the
&s;pirit, and vigor of <HI>Demo&s;thenes</HI> or <HI>Cicere, Euripides,</HI> or <HI>Sophocles.</HI> And now la&s;t|ly
will be the time to read with them tho&s;e organic arts which in able men to di&s;|cour&s;e
and write per&s;picuou&s;ly, elegantly, and according to the fitted &s;tile of lofty,

<PB N="6" REF="4">
mean, or lowly. Logic therefore &s;o much as is u&s;efull, is to be referr'd to this due
place withall her well coucht heads and Topics, unt<GAP DESC="illegible" EXTENT="1 letter">ll it be time to open her con|tracted
palm into a gracefull and ornate Rhetorick taught out of the rule
of <HI>Plato, Ari&s;totle, Phalereus, Cicero, Hermogenes, Longinus.</HI> To which
Poetry would be made &s;ub&s;equent, or indeed rather precedent, as being le&s;&s;e &s;uttle
and fine, but more &s;imple, &s;en&s;uous and pa&s;&s;ionate. I mean not here the pro&s;ody
of a ver&s;e, which they could not but have hit&punc; on before among the rudiments of
grammer; but that &s;ublime art which in <HI>Ari&s;totles poetics,</HI> in <HI>Horace,</HI> and the <HI>Ita|lian</HI>
commentaries of <HI>Ca&s;telvetro, Ta&s;&s;o, Mazzoni,</HI> and others, teaches what the
laws are of a true <HI>Epic</HI> poem, what of a <HI>Dramatic,</HI> what of a <HI>Lyric,</HI> what
decorum is, which is the grand ma&s;ter peece to ob&s;erve. This would make them
&s;oon perceive what de&s;picable creatures our common timers and play writes be,
and &s;hew them, what Religious, what glorious and magnificent u&s;e might be made
of Poetry both in divine and humane things. From hence and not till now will be
the right &s;ea&s;on of forming them to be able writers and compo&s;ers in every excel|lent
matter, when they &s;hall be thus fraught with an univer&s;all in&s;ight into things.
Or whether they be to &s;peak in Parliament or coun&s;ell, honour and attention would
be waiting on their lips. There would then al&s;o appear in Pulpits other vi&s;ages,
other ge&s;tures, and &s;tuffe otherwi&s;e wrought then what we now &s;it under, oft times
to as great a triall of our patience as any other that they preach to us. The&s;e are
the &s;tudies wherein our noble and our gentle youth ought to be&s;tow their time in a
di&s;ciplinary way from twelve to one and twenty; unle&s;&s;e they rely more upon their
ance&s;tors dead, then upon them&s;elves living. In which methodicall cour&s;e it is &s;o
&s;uppo&s;'d they mu&s;t proceed by the &s;teddy pace of learning onward, as at convenient
times for memories &s;ake to retire back into the middle ward, and &s;ometimes into
the rear of what they have been taught, untill they have confirm'd, and &s;olidly
united the whole body of their perfited knowledge, like the la&s;t embattelling of a
Romane legion. Now will be worth the &s;eeing what exerci&s;es, and what recreations
may be&s;t agree, and become the&s;e &s;tudies.</P>
<DIV2 TYPE="part">
<HEAD>Their Exerci&s;e.</HEAD>
<P>The cour&s;e of &s;tudy hitherto briefly de&s;crib'd, is, what I can gue&s;&s;e by reading,
like&s;t to tho&s;e ancient and famous &s;chools of <HI>Pythagoras, Plato, I&s;ocrates, Ari&s;totle</HI>
and &s;uch others, out of which were bred up &s;uch a number of renowned Philo|&s;ophers,
orators, Hi&s;torians, Poets and Princes all over <HI>Greece, Italy,</HI> and <HI>A&s;ia,</HI>
be&s;ides the flouri&s;hing &s;tudies of <HI>Cyrene</HI> and <HI>Alexandria.</HI> But herein it &s;hall exceed
them, and &s;upply a defect as great as that which <HI>Plato</HI> noted in the common-wealth
of <HI>Sparta;</HI> whereas that City train'd up their youth mo&s;t for warre, and the&s;e in
their Academies and <HI>Lycaeum,</HI> all for the gown, this in&s;titution of breeding which
I here delineate, &s;hall be equally good both for Peace and warre. Therefore about
an hour and a halfe ere they eat at noon &s;hould be allow'd them for exerci&s;e and
due re&s;t afterwards: But the time for this may be enlarg'd at plea&s;ure, according
as their ri&s;ing in the morning &s;hall be early. The exerci&s;e which I commend fir&s;t, is
the exact u&s;e of their weapon; to guard and to &s;trike &s;afely with edge, or point;
this will keep them healthy nimble, &s;trong, and well in breath, is al&s;o the like|lie&s;t
meanes to make them grow large, and tall, and to in&s;pire them with a gallant
and fearle&s;&s;e courage, which being temper'd with &s;ea&s;onable lectures and precepts

<PB N="7" REF="4">
to them of true fortitude, and patience, will turn into a native and heroick valour,
and make them hate the cowardi&s;e of doing wrong. They mu&s;t be al&s;o pra|ctiz'd
in all the locks and gripes of wra&s;tling, wherein Engli&s;h men were wont
to excell, as need may often be in fight to tugge, to grapple, and to clo&s;e. And this
perhaps will be anough, wherein to prove and heat their &s;ingle &s;trength. The in|terim
of <GAP DESC="illegible" EXTENT="2 letters">&s;wearing them&s;elves regularly, and convenient re&s;t before meat may
both with profit and delight be taken up in recreating and compo&s;ing their travai|l'd
&s;pirits with the &s;olemn and divine harmonies of mu&s;ick heard, or learnt;
other while the skilfull <HI>Organi&s;t</HI> plies his grave and fancied de&s;cant, in lofty fugues,
or the whole Symphony with artfull and unimaginable touches adorn and grace the
well &s;tudied cords of &s;ome choi&s;e compo&s;er; &s;ome times the Lute, or &s;oft organ &s;top
w<GAP DESC="illegible" EXTENT="2 letters">ting on elegant voices either to Religious, martiall, or civill ditties; which if
wi&s;e men &amp; prophets be not extreamly out, have a great power over di&s;po&s;itions and
manners, to &s;mooth and make them gentle from ru&s;tick har&s;hne&s;&s;e and di&s;temper'd
pa&s;&s;ions. The like al&s;o would not be unexpedient after meat to a&s;&s;i&s;t and cheri&s;h
nature in her fir&s;t concoction, and &s;end their mindes backe to &s;tudy in good tune
and &s;atisfaction. Where having follow'd it clo&s;e under vigilant eyes till about two
hours before &s;upper, they are by a &s;udden alarum or watch word, to be call'd out
to their military motions, under skie or covert, according to the &s;ea&s;on, as was the
Romane wont; fir&s;t on foot, then as their age permits, on hor&s;e back, to all the
art of cavalry; That having in &s;port, but with much exactne&s;&s;e, and dayly mu&s;ter,
&s;erv'd out the rudiments of their Souldier&s;hip in all the skill of embattailing,
marching, encamping, fortifying, be&s;eiging and battering, with all the helps of
ancient and modern &s;tratagems, <HI>Tactiks</HI> and warlike maxims, they may as it were
out of a long warre come forth renowned and perfect Commanders in the &s;ervice of
their country. They would not then, if they were tru&s;ted with fair and hopefull
armies, &s;uffer them for want of ju&s;t and wi&s;e di&s;cipline to &s;hed away from about
them like &s;ick feathers, though they be never &s;o oft &s;uppli'd: they would not
&s;uffer their empty &amp; unrecrutible Colonells of twenty men in a company, to quafle
out, or convay into &s;ecret hoards, the wages of a delu&s;ive li&s;t, and a mi&s;erable
remnant: yet in the mean while to be overma&s;ter'd with a &s;core or two of drunk|ards,
the only &s;ouldiery left about them, or el&s;e to comply with all rapines and
violences. no certainly, if they knew ought of that knowledge that belongs to good
men or good governours, they would not &s;uffer the&s;e things But to return to our
own in<GAP DESC="illegible" EXTENT="1 letter">tit<GAP DESC="illegible" EXTENT="1 letter">te, be&s;ides the&s;e con&s;tant exerci&s;es at home, there is another opportunity
of gaining experience to be won from plea&s;ure it &s;elfe abroad; In tho&s;e vernal &s;ea|&s;ons
of the yeer, when the air is calm and plea&s;ant, it were an injury and &s;ullen|ne&s;&s;e
again&s;t nature not to go out, and &s;ee her riches, and partake in her rejoycing
with heaven and earth. I &s;hould not therefore be a per&s;wader to them of &s;tudying
much then, after two or three yeer that they have well laid their grounds, but to ride
out in companies with prudent and &s;taid guides, to all the quarters of the land:
learning and ob&s;erving all places of &s;trength, all commodities of building and of
&s;oil, for towns and tillage, harbours and Ports for trade, Somtimes taking &s;ea as
farre as to our Navy, to learn there al&s;o what they can in the practical knowledge
of &s;ailing and of &s;ea fight. The&s;e waves would trie all their peculiar gifts of na|ture,
and if there were any &s;ecret excellence among them, would fetch it out, and
give it fair opportunities to advance it &s;elfe by, which could not but mightily re|dound

<PB N="8" REF="5">
to the good of this nation, and bring into fa&s;hion again tho&s;e old admired
vertues and excellencies, with farre more advantage now in this puritie of Chri&s;tian
knowledge. Nor &s;hall we then need the <HI>Moun&s;ieurs</HI> of <HI>Paris</HI> to take our hopefull
youth into thir &s;light and prodigall cu&s;todies and &s;end them over back again tran&s;|form'd
into mimics, apes &amp; Kic&s;hoes. But if they de&s;ire to &s;ee other countries at three
or four and twenty yeers of age, not to learn principles, but to enlarge experience,
and make wi&s;e ob&s;ervation, they will by that time be &s;uch as &s;hall de&s;erve the regard
and honour of all men where they pa&s;&s;e, and the &s;ociety and friend&s;hip of tho&s;e in
all places who are be&s;t and mo&s;t eminent. And perhaps then other Nations will be
glad to vi&s;it us for their breeding, or el&s;e to imitate us in their own Country.</P>
<P>Now la&s;tly for their diet there cannot be much to &s;ay, &s;ave only that it would
be be&s;t in the &s;ame hou&s;e; for much time el&s;e would be lo&s;t abroad, and many ill
habits got; and that it &s;hould be plain, healthfull, and moderat I &s;uppo&s;e is out
of controver&s;ie. Thus Ma&s;ter <HI>Hartlib,</HI> you have a generall view in writing, as your de|&s;ire
was, of that which at &s;everall times I had di&s;cour&s;t with you concerning the be&s;t
and Noble&s;t way of Education; not beginning, as &s;ome have done from the
cradle, which yet might be worth many con&s;iderations, if brevity had not been my
&s;cope, many other circum&s;tances al&s;o I could have mention'd, but this to &s;uch as have
the worth in them to make triall, for light and direction may be anough. Only I be|lieve
that this is not a bow for every man to &s;hoot in that counts him&s;elfe a teacher;
but will require &s;inews almo&s;t equall to tho&s;e which Homer gave Uly&s;&s;es, yet I am
withall per&s;waded that it may prove much more ea&s;ie in the a&s;&s;ay, then it now
&s;eems at di&s;tance, and much more illu&s;trious: howbeit not more difficult then I
imagine, and that imagination pre&s;ents me with nothing but very happy and very
po&s;&s;ible according to be&s;t wi&s;hes; if God have &s;o decreed, and this age have &s;pirit
and capacity anough to apprehend.</P>
<TRAILER>The end.</TRAILER>
</DIV2>
</DIV1>
</BODY>
</TEXT>
</EEBO>
</ETS>
