Biographical Memorials
PREFACE.
CHAPTER I. Parentage of
Oglethorpe—Birth—Education—Christian Name—Education—Military
Profession and Promotion—In the Suite of the Earl of
Peterborough—Service under Prince Eugene of Savoy—Elected Member of
Parliament—Visits a Gentleman in Prison—Moves in the House of Commons
for a redress of the rigors of Prison Discipline—Appointed on the
Committee—Extracts from his Speeches in Parliament.
CHAPTER II. Oglethorpe appointed first a Director,
and then Deputy Governor of the Royal African Company—Takes a
compassionate interest in the situation of an African kidnapped, sold
as a slave, and carried to Annapolis, in Maryland, a Province in North
America—But proves to have been an Iman, or assistant Priest, of Futa,
and was named Job Solomon—Causes him to be redeemed, and sent to
England, where he becomes serviceable to Sir Hans Sloane for his
knowledge of Arabic; attracts also the notice of persons of rank and
distinction, and is sent back to Africa.
CHAPTER III. Project for settling the south-western
frontier of Carolina—A Charter granted for it, by the name of
Georgia—Trustees appointed, who arrange a plan of Settlement—They
receive a grant of Money from Parliament, and from Subscriptions and
Contributions—Oglethorpe takes a lively interest in it—States the
Object, and suggests Motives for Emigration—A Vessel hired to convey
the Emigrants—Oglethorpe offers to accompany the intended
Colonists—His disinterested devotedness to the benevolent and
patriotic Enterprise.
CHAPTER IV. The emigrants embark—Arrive at
Charlestown, South Carolina—Oglethorpe visits Governor
Johnson—Proceeds up the Savannah river—Place of settlement fixed
upon—Town laid out—Labors superintended, and assisted by Colonel
Bull—Treaty with Tomo Chichi—Progress of settlement—Oglethorpe makes
a visit to Governor Johnson, and presents himself before the House of
Assembly, and makes an Address of grateful acknowledgment of favors
received—Returns to Savannah—Holds a treaty with the Lower
Creeks—Goes to head-quarters on the Ogechee—Fort Argyle
built—Savannah laid out in wards, and Court of Records instituted.
CHAPTER V. Oglethorpe intended to visit Boston, in
New England—Governor Belcher's Letter to him—Provincial Assembly
appoint a Committee to receive him—Sets out on an exploratory
Excursion—Names an Island, Jekyl—Visits Fort Argyle—Returns to
Savannah—Saltzburgh emigrants, conducted by Baron Von Reck, come to
settle in Georgia—Oglethorpe assists them in selecting a place—They
call it Ebenezer—He then goes up the river to
Palacholas—Returns—Goes to Charlestown, with Tomo Chichi and other
Indians, in order to take passage to England.
CHAPTER VI. Oglethorpe arrives in England with his
Indian Escort—Is welcomed by the Trustees—Apartments are provided for
the Indians—They are introduced to the King and Royal Family—One of
their number dies of the small pox—Visit the Archbishop of Canterbury,
and Eton College—Shown the public buildings and institutions in
London—Embark for Georgia—Their arrival.
CHAPTER VII. Oglethorpe remains in
England—Trustees make Regulations—Oglethorpe, desirous of providing
for the conversion of the Indians, applies to Bishop Wilson to prepare
a Book of Religious Instruction for them—Trustees seek for
Missionaries—Engage John and Charles Wesley.
CHAPTER VIII. Trustees make a new selection of
Settlers—Their Proposals successful in Scotland—Embarkation of
Highlanders for Georgia—Indian hieroglyphic letter sent to the
Trustees—Further emigration of Saltzburgers—Great embarkation of
Colonists, attended by Oglethorpe and the Missionaries—Employment and
religious exercises on board during the voyage—Arrival—Beacon on the
Island of Tybee—The people go on shore at Peeper's Island—Oglethorpe
goes to Savannah with the Missionaries—Sends provisions and
refreshments to the Emigrants—Moore's account of the Public
Garden—Tomo Chichi welcomes his friend—Saltzburgers make application
for a removal from Ebenezer—Oglethorpe sends pioneers to lay out a
road to Darien.
CHAPTER IX. Special destination of the last
Emigrants—Oglethorpe makes arrangements for their transportation to
the Island of St. Simons—Follows with Charles Wesley—Arrives and lays
out a Town to be called Frederica—Visits the Highlanders at
Darien—Returns and superintends the building of a Fort—All the people
arrive—Barracks for the Soldiers put up, and a Battery
erected—Visited by Tomo Chichi, and Indians, who make a cession of the
Islands—Reconnoitres the Islands and gives names to
them—Commissioners from St. Augustine—Apparently amicable
overtures—Oglethorpe goes to Savannah to hold a conference with a
Committee from South Carolina respecting trade with the
Indians—Insolent demand of the Spaniards—Oglethorpe embarks for
England.
CHAPTER X. Delegation of the Missionaries—JOHN
WESLEY stationed at Savannah—Has a conference with Tomo Chichi—His
Preaching deemed personal in its applications—He becomes
unpopular—Meets with persecution—Leaves the Province and returns to
England—CHARLES WESLEY attends Oglethorpe to Frederica—Finds himself
unpleasantly situated—Furnished with despatches for the Trustees, he
sets out for Charlestown, and thence takes passage for England—By
stress of weather the Vessel driven off its course—Puts in at Boston,
New England—His reception there—Sails thence for England—After a
perilous voyage arrives—BENJAMIN INGHAM also at Frederica—Goes to
Savannah to apprize John Wesley of the sickness of his brother—Resides
among the Creeks in order to learn their language—Returns to
England—CHARLES DELAMOTTE at Savannah—Keeps a School—Is much
respected—GEORGE WHITEFIELD comes to Savannah—His reception—Visits
Tomo Chichi, who was sick—Ministerial labors—Visits the
Saltzburgers—Pleased with their provision for Orphan Children—Visits
Frederica and the adjacent Settlements—Returns to England—Makes a
second voyage to Georgia, and takes efficient measures for the erection
of an Orphan House.
CHAPTER XI. Oglethorpe arrives in
England—Trustees petition the King for military aid to the new
Colony—A regiment granted—Oglethorpe appointed Commander in Chief of
South Carolina and Georgia—Part of the regiment sent out—Oglethorpe
embarks for Georgia the third time—Remainder of the regiment
arrive—And two companies from Gibraltar—Prospect of war with
Spain—Military preparations at St. Augustine—Oglethorpe makes
arrangements for defence—Treason in the Camp—Mutiny, and personal
assault on the General.
CHAPTER XII. Oglethorpe visits Savannah—Troubles
there—Causton, the store-keeper, displaced—Oglethorpe holds a
conference with a deputation of Indians—Town-meeting called, and
endeavors used to quiet discontents—Goes back to Frederica, but
obliged to renew his visit to Savannah.
CHAPTER XIII. Oglethorpe goes to Charlestown,
South Carolina, to open his Commission—Comes back to Savannah—Gives
encouragement to the Planters—Returns to Frederica—Excursion to
Coweta—Forms a Treaty with the Upper Creeks—Receives at Augusta a
delegation of the Chickasaws and Cherokees, who complain of having been
poisoned by the Traders—On his return to Savannah is informed of
Spanish aggressions, and is authorized to make reprisals.
CHAPTER XIV. Oglethorpe addresses a letter to
Lieutenant-Governor Bull, suggesting an expedition against St.
Angustine—Follows this, by application in person—Promised assistance,
and cooeperation—Returns to Frederica—Collects his forces—Passes
over to Florida—Takes several Spanish forts—Is joined by the
Carolinean troops—The enemy receive supplies—Oglethorpe changes the
siege into a blockade—Takes possession of Anastasia Island—Colonel
Palmer and his men surprised and cut to pieces—Spanish
cruelties—English fleet quit the station—Siege raised, and Oglethorpe
returns to Frederica.
CHAPTER XV. Oglethorpe pays particular attention
to internal Improvements—Meets with many annoyances—The Creeks, under
Toonahowi, make an incursion into Florida—The Spanish form a design
upon Georgia—Some of their fleet appear on the coast—Oglethorpe
prepares for defence—Applies to South Carolina for
assistance—Spaniards attack Fort William—Dangerous situation of
Oglethorpe—Spanish fleet enter the harbor and land on St. Simons—In
three successive engagements they are defeated—A successful
stratagem—Enemy defeated at Bloody Marsh— Retire and attack Fort
William, which is bravely defended by Ensign Stewart—Spanish forces,
repulsed in all their assaults, abandon the invasion in dismay, and
return to St. Augustine and to Cuba.
CHAPTER XVI. Oglethorpe, informed that the
Spaniards were making preparations for a renewal of hostilities, takes
measures to repel them—Meets with an alarming accident—Lands on the
Florida side of St. John's—Proceeds towards St. Augustine—The Spanish
do not venture out to attack him—Returns to the Islands—Sees that the
Forts are repaired—Takes passage to England to attend a Court Martial
on an insidious charge against him by Lieutenant Cook—Is honorably
acquitted, and Cook is dismissed from the service.
CHAPTER XVII. Oglethorpe's residence in
England—Marriage—Military appointments—A Major General under the
Duke of Cumberland for the suppression of the rebellion in
1745—Arraigned at a Court Martial and acquitted—Domestic and social
life, and character—Death.
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