American Scenes, and Christian Slavery
PREFACE.
LETTER I. Occasion of Visit to the United
States—First Impressions of the Mississippi—Magnitude of that
River—Impediment at its Entrance—The New Harbour—The “Great” and
“Fat” Valley—High-Pressure Steam-Tug Frolics—Slave-Auction Facetiae.
LETTER II. American Oysters—Becalmed in the
Mississippi—Anchor raised—Ship ashore—Taken off by a
Steam-Tug—Slave-Sale Advertisements—Runaway Negroes—Return of
Fever—Terrific Storm—Frightful Position—Ashore at New Orleans—A
Ship-Chandler's Store—American Wheels—A Joltification—The St.
Charles's Hotel.
LETTER III. New Orleans—The Story of
Pauline—Adieu to the St. Charles's—Description of that
Establishment—First Sight of Slaves for Sale—Texts for Southern
Divines—Perilous Picture.
LETTER IV. A Sabbath in New Orleans—The First
Presbyterian Church—Expectoration —A Negro Pew—The Sermon.
LETTER V. First Religious Service in America
(continued)—A Collection “taken up”—Rush out—Evening Service—Sketch
of the Sermon—Profanation of the Sabbath—The Monthly Concert for
Prayer.
LETTER VI. “Jack Jones”—A Public Meeting for
Ireland—Henry Clay—Other Speakers—American Feeling in reference to
the Irish Famine—A Slave-Auction.
LETTER VII. The Slave-Auction (continued)—“A Fine
Young Woman”—A Man and his Wife—Jim, the Blacksmith—A Family—A
Ploughboy—Cornelia—Another Jim—Tom, the House-Boy—Edmund—Tom, and
“his reserved rights”—A Carriage Driver—Margaret and her Child.
LETTER VIII. St. Louis Exchange—Inspection of
Human Chattels—Artizan Slaves—Scenes and Proceedings of the
Auction—Sale of the Men.
LETTER IX. Sale of Women—Second Sabbath in New
Orleans—Cricket in front of the Presbyterian “Church”—The Baptist
“Church”—A Peep at an American Sabbath-School—Proceedings in
“Church”—A Sermon on “The New Birth”—Nut-cracking during
Sermon—“Close Communion.”
LETTER X. Interview with a Baptist
Minister—Conversation with a Young Man in the Baptist Church—The
Presbyterian Church, and Dr. Scott again—A Peep at the House of
Representatives of Louisiana—Contrast between the French and the
Americans in the Treatment of their Slaves—Dinner Table in New
Orleans—American Manners.
LETTER XI. Farewell to New Orleans—Revolting
Bargain—“The Anglo Saxon” Steam-boat—Moderate Fare—Steam Navigation
of the Mississippi—Steam boat and Railway Literature—Parting View of
the “Crescent City”—Slave Advertisements—Baton Rouge—A Sugar
Estate—Fellow-Passengers—The Ladies' Cabin—A Baptist Minister—A
Reverend Slave-holder.
LETTER XII. Voyage up the Mississippi
(continued)—“Patriarchal” Establishments—The Red River—Elder
Wright—Lynch-Law administered by a Preacher—Natchez —Story of Mary
Brown—The Flat Boats of the Mississippi.
LETTER XIII. Voyage up the Mississippi
(continued)—Grand Gulph and Big Black River—Snags—“I belong to
myself, Sir”—Vicksburg and Lynch Law—A Man Overboard—“Drove of
Horses, Mules, and Niggers”—Character of Fellow-Passengers—The
Sabbath—Disobedience to Conscience.
LETTER XIV. Voyage up the Mississippi
(continued)—The Arkansas—Treatment of the Indians—M. de
Tocqueville—“Napoleon” and Lynch Law—Memphis, and its
Advertisements—A Scene witnessed there—The Ohio—Nashville, and Amos
Dresser.
LETTER XV. Voyage up the Ohio
(continued)—Illinois—Evansville—Owensborough —Indiana—New
Albany—Louisville, and its Cruel Histories—The Grave of President
Harrison—Arrival in Cincinnati—First Impressions—The Congregational
Minister—A Welsh Service.
LETTER XVI. Stay at Cincinnati (continued)—Close
of the Welsh Service—The Governor of Ohio and his Relatives—The
“Black Laws”—Governor Bebb's Hostility to them—Dr. Weed and American
Versatility—Private Lodgings—Introduction to Dr. Beecher and
others—A Peep at a Democratic Meeting.
LETTER XVII. Stay at Cincinnati (continued)—The
Democratic Meeting—A Visit to Lane Seminary—“Public
Declamation”—Poem on War—Essay on Education.
LETTER XVIII. Visit to Lane Seminary
(continued)—Dr. Beecher and his Gun—The College Library—Dr. Stowe
and his Hebrew Class—History of Lane Seminary—Qualifications for
Admission—The Curriculum—Manual Labour—Expenses of
Education—Results—Equality of Professors and Students.
LETTER XIX. A Sabbath at Cincinnati—The Second
Presbyterian Church—Mutilation of a Popular Hymn—The Rushing Habit—A
wrong “Guess”—A German Sunday-School—Visit to a Church of Coloured
People—Engagement at the Welsh “Church”—Monthly Concert—The Medical
College of Ohio—Tea at the House of a Coloured Minister.
LETTER XX. Stay at Cincinnati (continued)—The New
Roman Catholic Cathedral—The Rev. C. B. Boynton and
Congregationalism—“The Herald of a New Era”—American Nationality.
LETTER XXI. Stay at Cincinnati (continued)—The
Orphan Asylum—A Coloured Man and a White Fop treated as each
deserved—A Trip across to Covington—Mr. Gilmore and the School for
Coloured Children—“The Fugitive Slave to the Christian”—Sabbath—Mr.
Boynton—Dr. Beecher—Lane Seminary—Departure from Cincinnati.
LETTER XXII. Cincinnati—Its History and
Progress—Its Trade and Commerce—Its Periodical Press—Its Church
Accommodation—Its Future Prospects —Steaming up the Ohio—Contrast
between Freedom and Slavery—An Indian Mound—Splendid Scenery—Coal
Hills.
LETTER XXIII. Arrival at Pittsburg—Its Trade and
Prospects—Temperance—Newspapers —Trip up the Monongahela to
Brownsville—Staging by Night across the Alleghany Mountains—Arrival
at Cumberland—The Railway Carriages of America.
LETTER XXIV. Journey by Railroad from Cumberland
to Baltimore—A Tedious Stoppage —A Sabbath in Baltimore—Fruitless
Inquiry—A Presbyterian Church and Dr. Plummer—Richmond and its
Resolutions—Dr Plummer's Pro slavery Manifesto—The Methodist
Episcopal Church.
LETTER XXV. A Sabbath at Baltimore (continued)—A
Coloured Congregation—The Thought of seeing Washington
abandoned—Departure from Baltimore —Coloured Ladies in the
Luggage-Van—American Railways—Chesapeak Bay—Susquehannah—State of
Delaware, and Abolition of Slavery —Philadelphia—Albert
Barnes—Stephen Girard's Extraordinary Will.
LETTER XXVI. Departure from Philadelphia—A
Communicative Yankee—Trenton—The Mansion of Joseph Bonaparte—Scenes
of Brainerd's Labours One Hundred Years ago—First Impressions of New
York—150, Nassau-street—Private Lodgings—Literary Society—American
Lodging-houses—A Lecture on Astronomy—The “Negro Pew” in Dr. Patton's
Church.
LETTER XXVII. A Presbyterian Church in New York,
and its Pastor—The Abbotts and their Institution—Union Theological
Seminary—Dr. Skinner's Church—New York University—A threatening
“Necessity”—Prejudice against Colour—A Fact connected with Mr.
———'s Church—Another Fact in Pennsylvania—State of Public Opinion
in New York—An Interview with Dr. Spring—A Missionary Meeting in Dr.
Adams's Church.
LETTER XXVIII. A Visit to Mount Vernon—Dr.
Robinson—Welsh Deputation—Queen Anne and New York—The
Sabbath—Preaching at Dr. L's—Afternoon Service at Mr. C——'s—Tea at
Dr. L——'s—Evening Service at Mr.——'s.
LETTER XXIX. The Rev. Theodore Sedgwick
Wright—His Testimony against Caste—His Funeral—Drs. Cox and
Patton—The Service in the House—The Procession—The Church—The
Funeral Oration—Mrs. Wright.
LETTER XXX. Trip to New Haven—Captain Stone and
his Tender Feeling—Arrival in New Haven—A Call from Dr. Bacon and the
Rev. Mr. Dutton—Newspapers—The Centre Church and Standing Order—The
North Church and Jonathan Edwards, junior.
LETTER XXXI. The Spot on which Whitfield
preached—Judge Daggett—Governor Yale —Yale College—The
Libraries—Elliot's Indian Bible—Geological Museum—Dr.
Goodrich—Education and Expenses at Yale College—The Graves of the
Regicides.
LETTER XXXII. A Fast-Day—Political Sermons—A
Church of Coloured People—The Sabbath—Morning Service—Afternoon
ditto and Dr. Hawes—Prayers at College Chapel—United Service in North
Church—The Cemetery—The “Fathers”—Professor Gibbs—Annual
Election—Statistics—Arrival at Hartford—Mr. Hosmer—Chief
Justice—Deaf and Dumb—Charter Oak.
LETTER XXXIII. The “Retreat”—Introductions to the
Insane—Piety and Profanity —Service in the Fourth Church—Memorials
of the Pilgrims—Dr. Bushnell and his Opinions—The Mother Church and
its Burying-Ground —The New Cemetery—Prejudice against Colour—Mrs.
Sigourney—Departure from Hartford—Worcester and Elihu
Burritt—Boston—The Rev. Seth Bliss—The Cradle of Liberty—Mr.
Garrison—Bunker's Hill.
LETTER XXXIV. Boston (continued)—The Old
South—Unitarianism, and Connection between Church and State—A Welsh
Service in an “Upper Room”—Laura Bridgman and the Wedding Ring—Oliver
Caswell—Departure from Boston—John Todd and his Family—His
Congregationalism—Albany and the Delevan House—Journey to
Utica—Remsen and the Welsh People—Dogs made to churn, and Horses to
saw Wood.
LETTER XXXV. A Peep at the House of
Representatives in Albany—“The Chair is but a Man,” &c.—Sailing down
the Hudson—Dr. Spring—His Morning Sermon—Afternoon Service—Gough
the great Lecturer—The Tract House and Steam-presses—May-day in New
York—Staten Island—Immigrants—A hurried Glance.
LETTER XXXVI. The May Meetings—Dr. Bushnell's
Striking Sermon—Two Anti-Slavery Meetings—A Black
Demosthenes—Foreign Evangelical Society—A New Thing in the New
World—The Home-Missionary Society—Progress and Prospects of the
West—Church of Rome—Departure from New York—What the Author thinks
of the Americans.
LETTER XXXVII. Slavery—Responsibility of the
North—District of Columbia—Preponderance of the Slave
Power—Extermination of the Indians—President Taylor and his
Blood-hounds—Conclusion.
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